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They’re referred to as “plant-animals” because they’ve got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel’s real superpower is its ability to regenerate any part of their body!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those aren’t cornflakes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms, called acoels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not just an animal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also kind of a plant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re practically immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t just lay around sunbathing all day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels are also skilled hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, they don’t have a butt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you wouldn’t want to kiss one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t just hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These acoels are gardeners, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See those green dots? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are algae. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those reddish cells belong to the acoel itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think they share those sugars with their host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the acoel provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the acoel protects its house guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think the acoels pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So predators tend to leave them alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without its algae, the acoel would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists call a creature like this a holobiont, a single being made up of two or more completely different species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, a solar-powered predator. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not even the weirdest thing about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying acoels, because of how they regenerate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to do that …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll be OK, I promise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think getting cut in half would be a bad thing, but within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, it’ll have a whole new tail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the back side?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t just make a new head. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes two!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to share one body with two heads. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each half eventually pulls away from the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where there was once one acoel, now there are three!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t need the researcher’s scalpel; acoels can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acoel and their algae can multiply themselves like this over and over indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels can do this because they’re packed with stem cells which morph into any body part the acoel needs to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since they can’t hunt until they grow new heads, they’re extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these desperate times, the acoels even eat some of their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sorry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every relationship has its challenges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the acoel and its algae have a deal: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking advantage of each one’s abilities, they’re greater than the sum of their parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. It’s Laura.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guess who else could be considered a holobiont? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion and even mood!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if you want to keep Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you’ll get a fabulous Deep Look pint glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t make these videos without you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon now. Link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They're referred to as “plant-animals'' because they've got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel's real superpower is their ability to regenerate any part of their body!","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1711389853,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":64,"wordCount":701},"headData":{"title":"These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | KQED","description":"Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They're referred to as “plant-animals'' because they've got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel's real superpower is their ability to regenerate any part of their body!","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/Tc49xi1ZjTc","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991736/these-solar-powered-carnivorous-flatworms-divide-and-conquer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They’re referred to as “plant-animals” because they’ve got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel’s real superpower is its ability to regenerate any part of their body!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Those aren’t cornflakes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms, called acoels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re not just an animal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also kind of a plant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re practically immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t just lay around sunbathing all day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels are also skilled hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, they don’t have a butt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you wouldn’t want to kiss one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t just hunters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These acoels are gardeners, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See those green dots? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are algae. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those reddish cells belong to the acoel itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think they share those sugars with their host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In return, the acoel provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the acoel protects its house guests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think the acoels pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So predators tend to leave them alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without its algae, the acoel would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists call a creature like this a holobiont, a single being made up of two or more completely different species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this case, a solar-powered predator. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not even the weirdest thing about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying acoels, because of how they regenerate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to do that …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll be OK, I promise. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d think getting cut in half would be a bad thing, but within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a couple days, it’ll have a whole new tail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the back side?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t just make a new head. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes two!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s hard to share one body with two heads. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So each half eventually pulls away from the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where there was once one acoel, now there are three!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they don’t need the researcher’s scalpel; acoels can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The acoel and their algae can multiply themselves like this over and over indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acoels can do this because they’re packed with stem cells which morph into any body part the acoel needs to regrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And since they can’t hunt until they grow new heads, they’re extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these desperate times, the acoels even eat some of their algae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sorry!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every relationship has its challenges. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the acoel and its algae have a deal: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By taking advantage of each one’s abilities, they’re greater than the sum of their parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. It’s Laura.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guess who else could be considered a holobiont? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion and even mood!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if you want to keep Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you’ll get a fabulous Deep Look pint glass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can’t make these videos without you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon now. Link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991736/these-solar-powered-carnivorous-flatworms-divide-and-conquer","authors":["6219"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_2873","science_4450","science_86"],"featImg":"science_1992070","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991514":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991514","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991514","score":null,"sort":[1709049555000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","title":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing","publishDate":1709049555,"format":"video","headTitle":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: how do you move it all out? They’ve perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Not a cloud in the sky. So how is it raining under this grapevine?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not rain … that’s pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes from this insect, a sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And flinging pee rapid-fire like this is crucial to its survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter gets all its nutrition from the thin, watery liquid inside a plant, called xylem sap, which it sucks out with this tube-shaped stylet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the brilliant blue adults and their translucent nymphs feed on the sap in grapevines and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sap has so little nutrition that sharpshooters need to guzzle nonstop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consume more than 300 times their body weight a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’d be like you downing over 80 bathtubs of cucumber water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yummmmmm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter uses massive muscles in its head to suck out the liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking all that liquid in presents a problem – how to move it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re this small, gravity won’t just roll this effluent away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, surface tension makes the drops stick to the sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gah!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it can’t remove those drops, the sharpshooter could get sick … or rot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, best to send that pee flying away as fast as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the sharpshooter has evolved the perfect tool for the job: an anal stylus – or butt flicker, if you will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the pee flows out of the sharpshooter, it accumulates. When enough of it collects, kapow! The flicker catapults the drop away with tremendous power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They even do it while doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s something incredible: Each drop of pee actually travels faster than the speed at which the butt flicker launched it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called superpropulsion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists at Georgia Tech filmed sharpshooters peeing in slo-mo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers noticed that after the sharpshooter forms a pee droplet, it gets compressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like what happens to a water balloon that hits the ground and flattens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A force builds in that compression, which then springs the balloon back into shape and away from the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same goes for the drop of pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It picks up speed as it returns to its orb shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why would researchers want to study insect urination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learning how sharpshooters eject liquid could help our own tiny devices do the same and be more reliable. Things like hearing aids or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has something they’re good at, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter, it’s a whiz at whizzing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Look! It’s Laura. Check out our recent weevil episode, these furry insects with stupendous snoots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a related note – it’s un-beweevilby expensive to produce our videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve got a big team and it takes a lot to make each one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So join our Patreon today and help us out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll get access to exclusive show updates, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link below and support us today! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: How do they move it all out? Easy. They've perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1709058164,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":552},"headData":{"title":"Sharpshooter Insects Are Real Wizzes at Whizzing | KQED","description":"Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: How do they move it all out? Easy. They've perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/AWLIlc-IRK4?si=JTrc9OUP7U2wahBD","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991514/sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sharpshooters survive by guzzling a lot of plant sap. But drinking all of that liquid nutrition presents a problem for these tiny insects: how do you move it all out? They’ve perfected a super-propulsive urination technique using a special catapult in their butt.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Not a cloud in the sky. So how is it raining under this grapevine?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not rain … that’s pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It comes from this insect, a sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And flinging pee rapid-fire like this is crucial to its survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter gets all its nutrition from the thin, watery liquid inside a plant, called xylem sap, which it sucks out with this tube-shaped stylet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the brilliant blue adults and their translucent nymphs feed on the sap in grapevines and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sap has so little nutrition that sharpshooters need to guzzle nonstop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consume more than 300 times their body weight a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’d be like you downing over 80 bathtubs of cucumber water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yummmmmm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter uses massive muscles in its head to suck out the liquid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking all that liquid in presents a problem – how to move it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re this small, gravity won’t just roll this effluent away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, surface tension makes the drops stick to the sharpshooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gah!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if it can’t remove those drops, the sharpshooter could get sick … or rot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, best to send that pee flying away as fast as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the sharpshooter has evolved the perfect tool for the job: an anal stylus – or butt flicker, if you will.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the pee flows out of the sharpshooter, it accumulates. When enough of it collects, kapow! The flicker catapults the drop away with tremendous power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They even do it while doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s something incredible: Each drop of pee actually travels faster than the speed at which the butt flicker launched it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called superpropulsion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists at Georgia Tech filmed sharpshooters peeing in slo-mo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers noticed that after the sharpshooter forms a pee droplet, it gets compressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like what happens to a water balloon that hits the ground and flattens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A force builds in that compression, which then springs the balloon back into shape and away from the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same goes for the drop of pee!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It picks up speed as it returns to its orb shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why would researchers want to study insect urination?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learning how sharpshooters eject liquid could help our own tiny devices do the same and be more reliable. Things like hearing aids or phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has something they’re good at, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sharpshooter, it’s a whiz at whizzing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Look! It’s Laura. Check out our recent weevil episode, these furry insects with stupendous snoots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a related note – it’s un-beweevilby expensive to produce our videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve got a big team and it takes a lot to make each one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So join our Patreon today and help us out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ll get access to exclusive show updates, interviews, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link below and support us today! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991514/sharpshooter-insects-are-real-wizzes-at-whizzing","authors":["11833"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970"],"featImg":"science_1991544","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991266":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991266","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991266","score":null,"sort":[1707233746000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","title":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky","publishDate":1707233746,"format":"video","headTitle":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater “snowstorm” occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, something astounding happens at Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. It lasts barely half an hour. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you jumped into the water at this very moment, it’d be like swimming through a snow globe, hundreds of kilometers across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these “snowflakes” are actually packets of eggs and sperm of coral. Corals might look like colorful rocks or undersea gardens, but they’re actually animals. A coral is a colony of hundreds of thousands of tiny individual animals called polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more about coral and the work of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/about-us/major-initiatives/hope-for-reefs-phase-ii/coral-regeneration-lab-corl/\">Coral Regeneration Lab\u003c/a> at the California Academy of Sciences, where researchers are successfully breeding coral with the hope of regenerating reefs around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these flower-shaped polyps has a mouth and tentacles. Polyps secrete calcium carbonate that creates their skeleton. It gives them structure and anchors them to a rock or the seafloor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they can’t move to find a partner and mix up the gene pool, most warm-water corals practice “broadcast spawning.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with such a short window to meet up, they have to sync it just right. The warming summer waters cue the right month. The light from a waning moon cues the right day, and the setting sun cues the exact minute. Good luck out there!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bundles contain the coral’s gametes — its sperm and eggs. But the gametes don’t mix in there. The bundles float to the surface and burst open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperm search out a new egg. Only one of these guys will get in. Look familiar? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once fertilized, it starts dividing and transforms into this adventurous larva called a planula. The planula swims through the sea, searching for a place to settle down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chemical and light sensors on its backside guide the planula to the perfect spot. It wants what we want: a stable foundation, plenty of sunlight, and room to grow. The planula cements itself into place and morphs into a polyp. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it grows, it absorbs algae called zooxanthellae from the surrounding water. See these green dots? They live inside the polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The algae give the coral nutrition and its brilliant colors. Then something curious happens: The polyp clones itself. It grows copies right out of its side, that then bud their own clones. Through broadcast spawning and cloning, corals create the massive reefs we’re familiar with. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reefs are in danger, and that’s not just a problem for the corals.They’re vital ecosystems that provide food and shelter for a quarter of marine life, like fish, crustaceans and sea turtles. Climate change is the main culprit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When ocean waters warm up too much, stressed polyps expel their colorful and nutritious algae. This is coral bleaching. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When reefs die and spawning season comes, it’s harder and harder for the eggs and sperm to find each other. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco have replicated the delicate spawning conditions in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lights mimic moon cycles, and heaters simulate the change of seasons. Their goal is to discover the best ways to grow corals, so more scientists can help restore them to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underwater blizzard is a thing of beauty, even more so when you consider how this snowstorm can replenish a delicate and threatened ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surfshark VPN is a virtual private network designed to keep your online identity safe by encrypting all of the information sent between your device and the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using a VPN when on public Wi-Fi can help provide safety while surfing the internet, as well as working from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of online services use sophisticated targeting and tracking services, but a VPN can provide protection from that. Surfshark’s CleanWeb feature is built to block ads, trackers, malware and phishing attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you do a lot of international traveling, Surfshark allows clients to change their virtual location. It has over 3,200 servers in more than 100 countries, designed to help make sure you can access your home country’s features while traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more, click the link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi – Laura here. Want exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, merch and more? Support us on Patreon so we can keep making more videos for you! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater \"snowstorm\" occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle, by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once. \r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1707261979,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":796},"headData":{"title":"Watch Spawning Corals Synchronize With the Night Sky | KQED","description":"When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater "snowstorm" occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle, by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once. \r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SP3nKAqLy4E","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991266/to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When the moon, sun and ocean temperatures all align, an underwater “snowstorm” occurs. Corals put on a massive spawning spectacle by sending tiny white spheres floating up the water column all at once.\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a year, something astounding happens at Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. It lasts barely half an hour. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you jumped into the water at this very moment, it’d be like swimming through a snow globe, hundreds of kilometers across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But these “snowflakes” are actually packets of eggs and sperm of coral. Corals might look like colorful rocks or undersea gardens, but they’re actually animals. A coral is a colony of hundreds of thousands of tiny individual animals called polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more about coral and the work of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/about-us/major-initiatives/hope-for-reefs-phase-ii/coral-regeneration-lab-corl/\">Coral Regeneration Lab\u003c/a> at the California Academy of Sciences, where researchers are successfully breeding coral with the hope of regenerating reefs around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of these flower-shaped polyps has a mouth and tentacles. Polyps secrete calcium carbonate that creates their skeleton. It gives them structure and anchors them to a rock or the seafloor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since they can’t move to find a partner and mix up the gene pool, most warm-water corals practice “broadcast spawning.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with such a short window to meet up, they have to sync it just right. The warming summer waters cue the right month. The light from a waning moon cues the right day, and the setting sun cues the exact minute. Good luck out there!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bundles contain the coral’s gametes — its sperm and eggs. But the gametes don’t mix in there. The bundles float to the surface and burst open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sperm search out a new egg. Only one of these guys will get in. Look familiar? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once fertilized, it starts dividing and transforms into this adventurous larva called a planula. The planula swims through the sea, searching for a place to settle down. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chemical and light sensors on its backside guide the planula to the perfect spot. It wants what we want: a stable foundation, plenty of sunlight, and room to grow. The planula cements itself into place and morphs into a polyp. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it grows, it absorbs algae called zooxanthellae from the surrounding water. See these green dots? They live inside the polyps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The algae give the coral nutrition and its brilliant colors. Then something curious happens: The polyp clones itself. It grows copies right out of its side, that then bud their own clones. Through broadcast spawning and cloning, corals create the massive reefs we’re familiar with. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reefs are in danger, and that’s not just a problem for the corals.They’re vital ecosystems that provide food and shelter for a quarter of marine life, like fish, crustaceans and sea turtles. Climate change is the main culprit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When ocean waters warm up too much, stressed polyps expel their colorful and nutritious algae. This is coral bleaching. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When reefs die and spawning season comes, it’s harder and harder for the eggs and sperm to find each other. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco have replicated the delicate spawning conditions in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lights mimic moon cycles, and heaters simulate the change of seasons. Their goal is to discover the best ways to grow corals, so more scientists can help restore them to the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An underwater blizzard is a thing of beauty, even more so when you consider how this snowstorm can replenish a delicate and threatened ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you to Surfshark VPN for supporting this PBS video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surfshark VPN is a virtual private network designed to keep your online identity safe by encrypting all of the information sent between your device and the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using a VPN when on public Wi-Fi can help provide safety while surfing the internet, as well as working from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of online services use sophisticated targeting and tracking services, but a VPN can provide protection from that. Surfshark’s CleanWeb feature is built to block ads, trackers, malware and phishing attempts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you do a lot of international traveling, Surfshark allows clients to change their virtual location. It has over 3,200 servers in more than 100 countries, designed to help make sure you can access your home country’s features while traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more, click the link in the description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi – Laura here. Want exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, merch and more? Support us on Patreon so we can keep making more videos for you! Thanks!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991266/to-survive-corals-turn-the-ocean-into-a-giant-snow-globe","authors":["11858"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_31","science_32","science_35","science_2873","science_4450","science_86","science_98"],"tags":["science_1003","science_5234","science_5233","science_5232","science_4414","science_843"],"featImg":"science_1991267","label":"science_1935"},"science_1991071":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1991071","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1991071","score":null,"sort":[1705421401000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","title":"A Drain Fly's Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes","publishDate":1705421401,"format":"video","headTitle":"A Drain Fly’s Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long “mustache,” fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ever wonder where those little insects crawling around your bathroom came from? Bad news: your drain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that fluffy hair, it looks like a tiny moth. And some do call it a moth fly. But a fly it is … a drain fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003cem>Clogmia \u003c/em>– how appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grew up over several weeks, out of sight, among things you thought you’d washed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drain flies sneak in from the outside, through a crack in an old pipe, for example, to sip some water they sensed with this long mustache – their maxillary palps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here, on the plentiful gunk in your pipes, they’ll grow a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome, little one! The larva is the length of an eyelash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gunk it lives in? Those are bits of you: hair, saliva and food. They make a nice meal for bacteria and fungi, which form this dark, living slime called a biofilm. This is what the larvae feed on. It also keeps them well moisturized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the larva ends up submerged, it can still chow down. It sweeps slime particles out of the water with a hairy mouthpart called the labrum and rakes them in with its mandibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwater, it breathes with a bubble on its backside that it collected at the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This allows it to venture through deep pools in your pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When larvae, or the more grown-up pupae, like this guy here, end up in a toilet bowl, it can be a shock. You might think the squigglers came out of you. Ew! Don’t worry – they can’t live inside us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even though the drain flies in your bathroom muck around in bacteria, they don’t really spread it to humans. They’re not interested in landing on us. Or even leaving the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re in their happy place. When you wash your hands? They protect themselves from the water with their hairy wings. Each hair has ridges that trap air so the drops roll right off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they’re caught off-guard by a sudden surge, the flies skate across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re not invincible: When they get trapped underwater long enough, they can drown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find you really need to get rid of them, drain cleaner helps, but it won’t keep them away forever. There’ll always be some slime left behind, deep in your pipes, that could attract the flies again. So, if they want it, why not let ‘em have it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. Laura here. Did you know that flies have a secret set of limbs beneath their wings? No? It’s one reason they’re so hard to swat. Watch that episode next! See you there.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long 'mustache,' fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705428177,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":518},"headData":{"title":"A Drain Fly's Happy Place Is Down Your Pipes | KQED","description":"Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long 'mustache,' fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i16o8iXaDac","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1991071/a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ever wonder how those tiny, jumpy flies got onto your bathroom wall? Well, they came out of your sink drain after growing up down in the pipes. A goofy, long “mustache,” fuzzy wings and some aquabatics help them survive in that soggy environment.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Ever wonder where those little insects crawling around your bathroom came from? Bad news: your drain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that fluffy hair, it looks like a tiny moth. And some do call it a moth fly. But a fly it is … a drain fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called \u003cem>Clogmia \u003c/em>– how appropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grew up over several weeks, out of sight, among things you thought you’d washed away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drain flies sneak in from the outside, through a crack in an old pipe, for example, to sip some water they sensed with this long mustache – their maxillary palps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here, on the plentiful gunk in your pipes, they’ll grow a family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Welcome, little one! The larva is the length of an eyelash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gunk it lives in? Those are bits of you: hair, saliva and food. They make a nice meal for bacteria and fungi, which form this dark, living slime called a biofilm. This is what the larvae feed on. It also keeps them well moisturized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the larva ends up submerged, it can still chow down. It sweeps slime particles out of the water with a hairy mouthpart called the labrum and rakes them in with its mandibles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwater, it breathes with a bubble on its backside that it collected at the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This allows it to venture through deep pools in your pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When larvae, or the more grown-up pupae, like this guy here, end up in a toilet bowl, it can be a shock. You might think the squigglers came out of you. Ew! Don’t worry – they can’t live inside us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even though the drain flies in your bathroom muck around in bacteria, they don’t really spread it to humans. They’re not interested in landing on us. Or even leaving the bathroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re in their happy place. When you wash your hands? They protect themselves from the water with their hairy wings. Each hair has ridges that trap air so the drops roll right off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if they’re caught off-guard by a sudden surge, the flies skate across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they’re not invincible: When they get trapped underwater long enough, they can drown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you find you really need to get rid of them, drain cleaner helps, but it won’t keep them away forever. There’ll always be some slime left behind, deep in your pipes, that could attract the flies again. So, if they want it, why not let ‘em have it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi. Laura here. Did you know that flies have a secret set of limbs beneath their wings? No? It’s one reason they’re so hard to swat. Watch that episode next! See you there.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1991071/a-drain-flys-happy-place-is-down-your-pipes","authors":["6186"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970"],"featImg":"science_1991102","label":"science_1935"},"science_1985825":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985825","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985825","score":null,"sort":[1703001637000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"mom-where-do-baby-jellyfish-come-from","title":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From?","publishDate":1703001637,"format":"video","headTitle":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From? | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There’s a reason the ocean is full of jellyfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These creatures have mastered the ability to multiply themselves again and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult moon jellies grow to the size of dinner plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mature jellyfish like this is called a medusa for its resemblance to the ancient Greek monster with snakes for hair. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of snakes, this medusa has stinging tentacles that paralyze its prey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to tell by looking at them but there are male and female moon jellies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The males release sperm into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the females collect it to fertilize their eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those eggs turn into larvae called planulae that mom sends out into the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look like fuzzy little potatoes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each planula does its best to settle on something solid — like rock – and develops into this, a polyp the size of a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyp clings to the rock with a sticky foot, like a miniature version of its colorful cousin, the sea anemone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its stinging tentacles catch prey that float by, like these tiny crustaceans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each mouthful it grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See that budding out of its side? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a little clone!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few days the clone pops off, and settles in right next door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyps make more polyps. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And more …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until they form a whole neighborhood of clones …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do they go from tiny polyp stuck on a rock to giant medusa gliding through the open ocean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the water begins to cool at the end of summer, they go through yet another change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They slow down, stop hunting and develop these ridges along their sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a few weeks, the ridges get more and more pronounced, until the polyp looks like a stack of pancakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each individual pancake, called an ephyra, is a clone with the potential to grow into an adult. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right, it’s a whole extra round of cloning called strobilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It begins with a twitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ephyrae flex and convulse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They impatiently work to free themselves … from themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next ones in line can’t wait for their turn either. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they help push things along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all that effort, the ephyra on the very end finally breaks free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes jellyfish are so successful that they explode in number, creating a jellyfish bloom. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s great for predators like barnacles that snatch them up when they’re young … and for sea turtles that scarf down the grown-ups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why moon jellies play the odds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By making babies that clone themselves, and clone themselves again, jellies multiply their chances that some will make it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey, it’s Laura. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope you enjoy Deep Look as much as we love making it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We rely on you, our audience, to make this show possible. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon today and get access to exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link to show your support!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845791,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":572},"headData":{"title":"Mom, Where Do Baby Jellyfish Come From? | KQED","description":"When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/y2BYatmFJaI","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985825/mom-where-do-baby-jellyfish-come-from","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When grown-up jellyfish love each other very much, they make huge numbers of teeny-tiny potato-shaped larvae. Those larvae grow into little polyps that cling to rocks and catch prey with their stinging tentacles. But their best trick is when they clone themselves by morphing into a stack of squirming jellyfish pancakes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There’s a reason the ocean is full of jellyfish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These creatures have mastered the ability to multiply themselves again and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult moon jellies grow to the size of dinner plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mature jellyfish like this is called a medusa for its resemblance to the ancient Greek monster with snakes for hair. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of snakes, this medusa has stinging tentacles that paralyze its prey. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to tell by looking at them but there are male and female moon jellies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The males release sperm into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the females collect it to fertilize their eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those eggs turn into larvae called planulae that mom sends out into the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look like fuzzy little potatoes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each planula does its best to settle on something solid — like rock – and develops into this, a polyp the size of a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyp clings to the rock with a sticky foot, like a miniature version of its colorful cousin, the sea anemone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its stinging tentacles catch prey that float by, like these tiny crustaceans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each mouthful it grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See that budding out of its side? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a little clone!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few days the clone pops off, and settles in right next door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polyps make more polyps. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And more …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until they form a whole neighborhood of clones …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how do they go from tiny polyp stuck on a rock to giant medusa gliding through the open ocean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the water begins to cool at the end of summer, they go through yet another change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They slow down, stop hunting and develop these ridges along their sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a few weeks, the ridges get more and more pronounced, until the polyp looks like a stack of pancakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each individual pancake, called an ephyra, is a clone with the potential to grow into an adult. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right, it’s a whole extra round of cloning called strobilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It begins with a twitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ephyrae flex and convulse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They impatiently work to free themselves … from themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next ones in line can’t wait for their turn either. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they help push things along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all that effort, the ephyra on the very end finally breaks free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes jellyfish are so successful that they explode in number, creating a jellyfish bloom. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s great for predators like barnacles that snatch them up when they’re young … and for sea turtles that scarf down the grown-ups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why moon jellies play the odds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By making babies that clone themselves, and clone themselves again, jellies multiply their chances that some will make it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey, it’s Laura. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hope you enjoy Deep Look as much as we love making it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We rely on you, our audience, to make this show possible. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Join us on Patreon today and get access to exclusive show updates, behind-the-scenes footage, digital art, cool swag and more. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click the link to show your support!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See you there!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985825/mom-where-do-baby-jellyfish-come-from","authors":["6219"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_2873","science_4450","science_86"],"featImg":"science_1985876","label":"science_1935"},"science_1985541":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985541","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985541","score":null,"sort":[1701184594000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"dog-ticks-are-changing-their-diet-youre-on-the-menu","title":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu","publishDate":1701184594,"format":"video","headTitle":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they’re more likely to feast on you, too. That’s a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that’s deadly to both dogs and humans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To pet a dog is to know peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who’s this interloper? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a brown dog tick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the most widespread tick in the world, and the most adapted to living among us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown dog ticks are thought to have evolved alongside burrowing carnivores like foxes and weasels – and came indoors when we domesticated dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be found in and around homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what’s worse, they spread bacteria that can be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t the ticks known for carrying Lyme disease. Those are blacklegged ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick has grooves along its back, and they’re a solid, reddish brown. See the difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad085\">Assistant professor of animal science at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Laura Backus, whose research on the brown dog tick we explored in this episode, has spent a lot of time looking into tick populations in California and Mexico during her Ph.D. and postdoc at the University of California, Davis. Check out her team’s work exploring the role of wildlife in tick-borne diseases in this paper!\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bugscope.beckman.illinois.edu/\">Microscopist T Josek took the incredible pictures of the brown dog tick’s Haller’s organ you saw in this episode. Learn more about their organization, Bugscope at the University of Illinois’s Beckman Institute here.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what kind of tick they are, they want one thing: blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to find that blood, they use what’s called the Haller’s organ, one near the tip of each foreleg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ticks use them to pick up chemical signals from the air: carbon dioxide, pheromones and humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists believe the Haller’s organ even lets ticks detect the body heat of their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All ticks have them, but they use them differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blacklegged tick “quests” – it stays put, waving its forelegs to sense when it can hop aboard a host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick hunts, using that Haller’s organ to home in on a potential target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its name suggests, a brown dog tick is happy to take all its meals from dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the right conditions, the brown dog tick will dine on you, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, because they can transmit bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a terrible disease that can kill both dogs and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rocky Mountain spotted fever usually occurs in small clusters in the United States and is relatively rare. But outbreaks in northern Mexico have killed hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And rising temperatures due to climate change are sparking some troubling tick behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s particularly hot out, brown dog ticks start craving human blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To investigate this, University of California, Davis researchers put a very good dog in a box and a very good human in another, connected by a plastic tube with hungry brown dog ticks inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t worry – there’s a screen here and here. The ticks can’t actually get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At room temperature, the ticks preferred dogs. But when researchers heated up the tube, to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, brown dog ticks preferred – you guessed it – us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still trying to determine why. In the meantime, researchers are developing vaccines to protect us from the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tick treatments can keep the pests off of dogs. But they’re expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sonoran Desert, in Southern California, volunteers remove ticks by putting their tweezers right up against a dog’s skin and pulling straight up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one is full of dog blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they give the dogs oral medicine for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at these happy pals!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then it’s back to the petting frenzy you both deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi, it’s Laura. Wanna know more about those blacklegged ticks? Zoom in with us to see just how they dig in with a gnarly mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, please don’t forget to subscribe and click that little notification bell. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they're more likely to feast on you, too. That's a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that's deadly to both dogs and humans.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845816,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":742},"headData":{"title":"Dog Ticks Are Changing Their Diet. You’re on the Menu | KQED","description":"Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they're more likely to feast on you, too. That's a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that's deadly to both dogs and humans.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/ZAcVQQWa9Pw","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985541/dog-ticks-are-changing-their-diet-youre-on-the-menu","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Like its name suggests, the brown dog tick dines on dog blood. But as temperatures rise, they’re more likely to feast on you, too. That’s a problem, because the brown dog tick is a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease that’s deadly to both dogs and humans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To pet a dog is to know peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But who’s this interloper? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a brown dog tick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re the most widespread tick in the world, and the most adapted to living among us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown dog ticks are thought to have evolved alongside burrowing carnivores like foxes and weasels – and came indoors when we domesticated dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be found in and around homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what’s worse, they spread bacteria that can be deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They aren’t the ticks known for carrying Lyme disease. Those are blacklegged ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick has grooves along its back, and they’re a solid, reddish brown. See the difference?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjad085\">Assistant professor of animal science at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Laura Backus, whose research on the brown dog tick we explored in this episode, has spent a lot of time looking into tick populations in California and Mexico during her Ph.D. and postdoc at the University of California, Davis. Check out her team’s work exploring the role of wildlife in tick-borne diseases in this paper!\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bugscope.beckman.illinois.edu/\">Microscopist T Josek took the incredible pictures of the brown dog tick’s Haller’s organ you saw in this episode. Learn more about their organization, Bugscope at the University of Illinois’s Beckman Institute here.\u003cbr>\n","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter what kind of tick they are, they want one thing: blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And to find that blood, they use what’s called the Haller’s organ, one near the tip of each foreleg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ticks use them to pick up chemical signals from the air: carbon dioxide, pheromones and humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists believe the Haller’s organ even lets ticks detect the body heat of their prey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All ticks have them, but they use them differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blacklegged tick “quests” – it stays put, waving its forelegs to sense when it can hop aboard a host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brown dog tick hunts, using that Haller’s organ to home in on a potential target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its name suggests, a brown dog tick is happy to take all its meals from dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the right conditions, the brown dog tick will dine on you, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a problem, because they can transmit bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a terrible disease that can kill both dogs and humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rocky Mountain spotted fever usually occurs in small clusters in the United States and is relatively rare. But outbreaks in northern Mexico have killed hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And rising temperatures due to climate change are sparking some troubling tick behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s particularly hot out, brown dog ticks start craving human blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To investigate this, University of California, Davis researchers put a very good dog in a box and a very good human in another, connected by a plastic tube with hungry brown dog ticks inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t worry – there’s a screen here and here. The ticks can’t actually get them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At room temperature, the ticks preferred dogs. But when researchers heated up the tube, to 100 degrees Fahrenheit, brown dog ticks preferred – you guessed it – us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are still trying to determine why. In the meantime, researchers are developing vaccines to protect us from the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tick treatments can keep the pests off of dogs. But they’re expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sonoran Desert, in Southern California, volunteers remove ticks by putting their tweezers right up against a dog’s skin and pulling straight up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one is full of dog blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they give the dogs oral medicine for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look at these happy pals!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then it’s back to the petting frenzy you both deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi, it’s Laura. Wanna know more about those blacklegged ticks? Zoom in with us to see just how they dig in with a gnarly mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, please don’t forget to subscribe and click that little notification bell. Thanks for watching!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985541/dog-ticks-are-changing-their-diet-youre-on-the-menu","authors":["11833"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_31","science_32","science_35","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970","science_2266","science_4414","science_83","science_157"],"featImg":"science_1985542","label":"science_1935"},"science_1985068":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1985068","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1985068","score":null,"sort":[1699977606000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"this-weevil-has-puppet-vibes-but-drills-like-a-power-tool","title":"This Weevil Has Puppet Vibes But Drills Like a Power Tool","publishDate":1699977606,"format":"video","headTitle":"This Weevil Has Puppet Vibes But Drills Like a Power Tool | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This fuzzy acorn weevil can’t crack open acorns like a woodpecker or chomp through them like a squirrel. Instead, she uses her incredibly long snout, called a rostrum, to power-drill through an acorn’s tough and resilient shell. And it’s not just lunch on her mind – she’s also making a nursery for her babies.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The acorn weevil is fuzzy, tenacious and hungry. But what stands out the most is its supersized, skillful snout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called a rostrum, and it’s perfect for digging into the acorns brimming from these California oak trees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the acorn weevil right there? It blends right in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She uses her sensitive antennae to sniff and taste her way to the perfect acorn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She goes for the soft green ones. This one is too hard. This one’s too bitter! This one’s just right. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her antennae don’t stick out right from her head; they would never reach the acorn. Instead they’re down here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her razor-sharp mouth sits at the very tip. She makes tiny cuts in the acorn’s surface to break through the hardest part of the nut. Once it’s weakened, she punches through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rostrum’s downward curve lets her bite into the acorn directly beneath her. She often digs in under the cap. Maybe it’s easier to grab on there, or softer underneath it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, she bores in. Rotating her head and using her snout as a drill. She chows down as she goes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her antennae start to get in the way, no problem. She just tucks half of each one into these side channels called scrobes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, she creates an arrow-straight tunnel. The naturally arched rostrum straightens as it drills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can do this because the rostrum has two layers: a hard and thin outer cover, called the exocuticle, and a flexible and thick inside, the endocuticle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might be wondering: Where are the males? They’re here too. You’ll know them by their short rostrum. But that’s OK. They’re only tunneling into acorns for food. A female sports a rostrum as long as her body. Because she isn’t just eating. She’s building a nursery. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deeper she digs, the safer her babies will be. After she’s done carving, she turns around and extends an egg-laying organ, her ovipositor. But it doesn’t just drop eggs. Its tip can smell and taste to make sure the environment will be suitable for her growing babies. Once she’s convinced, she deposits her eggs one by one. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she still has more eggs to lay. And she can’t put them all in one basket. She lays her eggs all over the oak to increase the chance they’ll survive, drilling into dozens of acorns. But that’s exhausting. So sometimes, she tries to nab another weevil’s tunnel for her own babies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is mom vs. mom! Not this time! Go find your own acorn!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next few weeks, the larva eats and grows. Once the acorns have darkened and matured, they fall to the ground. Using its powerful mandibles, the larva chews its way out of its safe home. That’s a tight squeeze!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately, it burrows into the soil for protection. It will emerge in a coming season, waking up just as the new green acorns grow in the canopy above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, the weevil will travel up the tree in search of its own perfect acorn, one that’s just right for its growing family. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Peeps! We’ve got more weevils for you. South American palm weevils are ready for their close-up, but their arrival could mean the end for California’s iconic palm trees. And PBS Terra has an awesome new insect series called — wait for it — Insectarium! Join invertebrate zoologist Dr. Jessica Ware as she explores insect habitats, meets bug enthusiasts, and visits incredible collections. Tell them Deep Look sent you!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This fuzzy acorn weevil can’t crack open acorns like a woodpecker or chomp through them like a squirrel. Instead, she uses her incredibly long snout, called a rostrum, to power-drill through an acorn's tough and resilient shell. And it's not just lunch on her mind – she's also making a nursery for her babies.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845830,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":705},"headData":{"title":"This Weevil Has Puppet Vibes But Drills Like a Power Tool | KQED","description":"This fuzzy acorn weevil can’t crack open acorns like a woodpecker or chomp through them like a squirrel. Instead, she uses her incredibly long snout, called a rostrum, to power-drill through an acorn's tough and resilient shell. And it's not just lunch on her mind – she's also making a nursery for her babies.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVYlWiFKXEg","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1985068/this-weevil-has-puppet-vibes-but-drills-like-a-power-tool","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This fuzzy acorn weevil can’t crack open acorns like a woodpecker or chomp through them like a squirrel. Instead, she uses her incredibly long snout, called a rostrum, to power-drill through an acorn’s tough and resilient shell. And it’s not just lunch on her mind – she’s also making a nursery for her babies.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The acorn weevil is fuzzy, tenacious and hungry. But what stands out the most is its supersized, skillful snout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called a rostrum, and it’s perfect for digging into the acorns brimming from these California oak trees. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the acorn weevil right there? It blends right in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She uses her sensitive antennae to sniff and taste her way to the perfect acorn. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She goes for the soft green ones. This one is too hard. This one’s too bitter! This one’s just right. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her antennae don’t stick out right from her head; they would never reach the acorn. Instead they’re down here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her razor-sharp mouth sits at the very tip. She makes tiny cuts in the acorn’s surface to break through the hardest part of the nut. Once it’s weakened, she punches through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rostrum’s downward curve lets her bite into the acorn directly beneath her. She often digs in under the cap. Maybe it’s easier to grab on there, or softer underneath it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, she bores in. Rotating her head and using her snout as a drill. She chows down as she goes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her antennae start to get in the way, no problem. She just tucks half of each one into these side channels called scrobes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, she creates an arrow-straight tunnel. The naturally arched rostrum straightens as it drills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can do this because the rostrum has two layers: a hard and thin outer cover, called the exocuticle, and a flexible and thick inside, the endocuticle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might be wondering: Where are the males? They’re here too. You’ll know them by their short rostrum. But that’s OK. They’re only tunneling into acorns for food. A female sports a rostrum as long as her body. Because she isn’t just eating. She’s building a nursery. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deeper she digs, the safer her babies will be. After she’s done carving, she turns around and extends an egg-laying organ, her ovipositor. But it doesn’t just drop eggs. Its tip can smell and taste to make sure the environment will be suitable for her growing babies. Once she’s convinced, she deposits her eggs one by one. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she still has more eggs to lay. And she can’t put them all in one basket. She lays her eggs all over the oak to increase the chance they’ll survive, drilling into dozens of acorns. But that’s exhausting. So sometimes, she tries to nab another weevil’s tunnel for her own babies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is mom vs. mom! Not this time! Go find your own acorn!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next few weeks, the larva eats and grows. Once the acorns have darkened and matured, they fall to the ground. Using its powerful mandibles, the larva chews its way out of its safe home. That’s a tight squeeze!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immediately, it burrows into the soil for protection. It will emerge in a coming season, waking up just as the new green acorns grow in the canopy above.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, the weevil will travel up the tree in search of its own perfect acorn, one that’s just right for its growing family. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey Deep Peeps! We’ve got more weevils for you. South American palm weevils are ready for their close-up, but their arrival could mean the end for California’s iconic palm trees. And PBS Terra has an awesome new insect series called — wait for it — Insectarium! Join invertebrate zoologist Dr. Jessica Ware as she explores insect habitats, meets bug enthusiasts, and visits incredible collections. Tell them Deep Look sent you!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1985068/this-weevil-has-puppet-vibes-but-drills-like-a-power-tool","authors":["11858"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_35","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_1970","science_312"],"featImg":"science_1985070","label":"science_1935"},"science_1984850":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1984850","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1984850","score":null,"sort":[1698159640000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"varroa-mites-are-a-honeybees-8-legged-nightmare","title":"Varroa Mites Are a Honeybee’s 8-Legged Nightmare","publishDate":1698159640,"format":"video","headTitle":"Varroa Mites Are a Honeybee’s 8-Legged Nightmare | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Every year, up to half the honeybee colonies in the U.S. die. Varroa mites, the bees’ ghastly parasites, are one of the main culprits. After hitching a ride into a hive, a mite mom hides in a honeycomb cell, where she and her offspring feed on a growing bee. But beekeepers and scientists are helping honeybees fight back.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Here’s a go-to recipe for beekeepers. It’s called a “sugar shake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a half-cup of bees. That’s about 300.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put them in a jar and cover them with a mesh lid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add two tablespoons confectioners’ sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shake for 30 seconds. We’re going for a nice, even coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Empty the sugar onto a tray. And there you have it: frosted varroa mites, aka \u003cem>Varroa destructor\u003c/em>. They’re a honeybee’s worst enemy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine-powdered sugar made them lose the grip they had on their hosts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A minute ago, the mites were on the bees in the hive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s as if you were carrying around a tick the size of a dinner plate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year, up to half the managed honeybee hives in the United States die from hazards like pesticide exposure, lack of flowers to forage on year-round, and varroa mites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To feed, a varroa mite nestles between the bees’ protective plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It digs in with its gnarly mouth, the gnathosoma. The mite sinks it into a crucial organ called the fat body. It’s a layer of tissue that lines the abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\nElina L. Niño, associate professor of cooperative extension in apiculture at UC Davis, has answered \u003ca href=\"https://elninobeelab.sf.ucdavis.edu/resources-community\">common questions about honeybees\u003c/a> from beekeepers, homeowners and gardeners, including where to send pests to be identified. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This 2019 paper by Samuel Ramsey and colleagues details how they discovered that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1818371116\">varroa mites feed on the fat body of honeybees\u003c/a>. For a long time, it was thought that the mites fed on honeybees’ blood, known as hemolymph.\u003cbr>\n[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sort of like the human liver, the fat body helps the bee break down harmful stuff, including pesticides. And it maintains the bee’s immune system. So, when varroa mites attack the fat body, they seriously weaken the bee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mites can also transmit a virus that causes a bee to be born with deformed wings, no good for flying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s go back to the “sugar shake.” Beekeepers use them to monitor the varroa mites in their hives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As few as three mites per half-cup of bees could kill a hive within the year. That’s because varroa mites are great at sneaking into hives, hiding, and reproducing like mad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first mite gets into a hive by hitching a ride on a bee from another colony. Maybe the bee’s own colony wasn’t doing well and it was looking for a new home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite sniffs around for a bee larva and sneaks in right before the bees cover the cell with wax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defenseless larva is now trapped with its enemy, which begins to feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the larva grows into a pupa, the mite, called a foundress, starts her family. Take a look underneath this bee pupa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite’s firstborn is always a son. The rest are daughters. They’re hard to tell apart when they’re young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the siblings come of age inside the cell, they’ll meet up on this pile of mite poop – maybe they’re guided by the scent. And they’ll mate … with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes two foundresses make it into a cell. Then their offspring get to mate with someone they’re not related to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mites live off the bee pupa, but they don’t kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the bee is all grown up, it chews its way out of the cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite slips onto its next victim. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why don’t the bees just pick those mites off themselves?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we didn’t start seeing varroa mites in the U.S. until the 1980s. They evolved on eastern honeybees, in Asia. That’s why the western honeybees in the Americas and Europe aren’t yet good at defending against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When beekeepers find mites in a sugar shake, they treat a hive with pesticide strips that kill the mites. But mites are becoming resistant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers are selectively breeding honeybees to fight back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture and private companies are breeding bees that can sniff out varroa mites. When the bees find some, they uncap the cells and interrupt reproduction. The bees then, um, “recycle” the unlucky pupa. Yep, they’re eating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Purdue and Central State universities, scientists breed honeybees known as “mite-biters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After collecting sperm from a male bee, they inseminate a queen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the queen and the male come from colonies that are particularly good at killing mites by chewing off their legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a grisly end for these tormentors and – just maybe – a fair shake for the honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey sugar, what’s shakin’? We’ve got more bee stories for you. Bindweed turret bees fill their underground nests with pollen. See those “pollen pants”? But freeloading flies drop their own eggs into the nests … from the air!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, PBS Digital Studios wants to know what you enjoy on YouTube and what you want more of. Follow the link in the description to take their annual survey. You even get to vote on new show ideas. Thanks for representing, and please tell them Deep Look sent you.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Every year, up to half the honeybee colonies in the U.S. die. Varroa mites, the bees’ ghastly parasites, are one of the main culprits. After hitching a ride into a hive, a mite mom hides in a honeycomb cell, where she and her offspring feed on a growing bee. But beekeepers and scientists are helping honeybees fight back.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845855,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":43,"wordCount":972},"headData":{"title":"Varroa Mites Are a Honeybee’s 8-Legged Nightmare | KQED","description":"Every year, up to half the honeybee colonies in the U.S. die. Varroa mites, the bees’ ghastly parasites, are one of the main culprits. After hitching a ride into a hive, a mite mom hides in a honeycomb cell, where she and her offspring feed on a growing bee. But beekeepers and scientists are helping honeybees fight back.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/69Do8tw_xy0","source":"Food","sourceUrl":"/food/","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1984850/varroa-mites-are-a-honeybees-8-legged-nightmare","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Every year, up to half the honeybee colonies in the U.S. die. Varroa mites, the bees’ ghastly parasites, are one of the main culprits. After hitching a ride into a hive, a mite mom hides in a honeycomb cell, where she and her offspring feed on a growing bee. But beekeepers and scientists are helping honeybees fight back.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Here’s a go-to recipe for beekeepers. It’s called a “sugar shake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a half-cup of bees. That’s about 300.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put them in a jar and cover them with a mesh lid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add two tablespoons confectioners’ sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shake for 30 seconds. We’re going for a nice, even coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Empty the sugar onto a tray. And there you have it: frosted varroa mites, aka \u003cem>Varroa destructor\u003c/em>. They’re a honeybee’s worst enemy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine-powdered sugar made them lose the grip they had on their hosts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A minute ago, the mites were on the bees in the hive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s as if you were carrying around a tick the size of a dinner plate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year, up to half the managed honeybee hives in the United States die from hazards like pesticide exposure, lack of flowers to forage on year-round, and varroa mites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To feed, a varroa mite nestles between the bees’ protective plates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It digs in with its gnarly mouth, the gnathosoma. The mite sinks it into a crucial organ called the fat body. It’s a layer of tissue that lines the abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003cbr>\nElina L. Niño, associate professor of cooperative extension in apiculture at UC Davis, has answered \u003ca href=\"https://elninobeelab.sf.ucdavis.edu/resources-community\">common questions about honeybees\u003c/a> from beekeepers, homeowners and gardeners, including where to send pests to be identified. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This 2019 paper by Samuel Ramsey and colleagues details how they discovered that \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1818371116\">varroa mites feed on the fat body of honeybees\u003c/a>. For a long time, it was thought that the mites fed on honeybees’ blood, known as hemolymph.\u003cbr>\n","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sort of like the human liver, the fat body helps the bee break down harmful stuff, including pesticides. And it maintains the bee’s immune system. So, when varroa mites attack the fat body, they seriously weaken the bee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mites can also transmit a virus that causes a bee to be born with deformed wings, no good for flying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s go back to the “sugar shake.” Beekeepers use them to monitor the varroa mites in their hives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As few as three mites per half-cup of bees could kill a hive within the year. That’s because varroa mites are great at sneaking into hives, hiding, and reproducing like mad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first mite gets into a hive by hitching a ride on a bee from another colony. Maybe the bee’s own colony wasn’t doing well and it was looking for a new home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite sniffs around for a bee larva and sneaks in right before the bees cover the cell with wax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defenseless larva is now trapped with its enemy, which begins to feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the larva grows into a pupa, the mite, called a foundress, starts her family. Take a look underneath this bee pupa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite’s firstborn is always a son. The rest are daughters. They’re hard to tell apart when they’re young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the siblings come of age inside the cell, they’ll meet up on this pile of mite poop – maybe they’re guided by the scent. And they’ll mate … with each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes two foundresses make it into a cell. Then their offspring get to mate with someone they’re not related to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mites live off the bee pupa, but they don’t kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the bee is all grown up, it chews its way out of the cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mite slips onto its next victim. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, why don’t the bees just pick those mites off themselves?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we didn’t start seeing varroa mites in the U.S. until the 1980s. They evolved on eastern honeybees, in Asia. That’s why the western honeybees in the Americas and Europe aren’t yet good at defending against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When beekeepers find mites in a sugar shake, they treat a hive with pesticide strips that kill the mites. But mites are becoming resistant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, researchers are selectively breeding honeybees to fight back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture and private companies are breeding bees that can sniff out varroa mites. When the bees find some, they uncap the cells and interrupt reproduction. The bees then, um, “recycle” the unlucky pupa. Yep, they’re eating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Purdue and Central State universities, scientists breed honeybees known as “mite-biters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After collecting sperm from a male bee, they inseminate a queen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the queen and the male come from colonies that are particularly good at killing mites by chewing off their legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a grisly end for these tormentors and – just maybe – a fair shake for the honeybees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hey sugar, what’s shakin’? We’ve got more bee stories for you. Bindweed turret bees fill their underground nests with pollen. See those “pollen pants”? But freeloading flies drop their own eggs into the nests … from the air!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, PBS Digital Studios wants to know what you enjoy on YouTube and what you want more of. Follow the link in the description to take their annual survey. You even get to vote on new show ideas. Thanks for representing, and please tell them Deep Look sent you.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1984850/varroa-mites-are-a-honeybees-8-legged-nightmare","authors":["6186"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_36","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"tags":["science_392","science_1120","science_5178","science_1970","science_309"],"featImg":"science_1984881","label":"source_science_1984850"},"science_1984438":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1984438","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1984438","score":null,"sort":[1696348845000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"watch-ladybugs-go-from-goth-to-glam","title":"Watch Ladybugs Go From Goth to Glam","publishDate":1696348845,"format":"video","headTitle":"Watch Ladybugs Go From Goth to Glam | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":1935,"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Ladybugs may be the cutest insects around, but they don’t start off that way. Also called lady beetles or ladybirds, they pop out of their eggs as prickly mini-monsters with an insatiable hunger for aphids. Once they’ve bulked up, they transform, shedding their terrifying looks, but keeping their killer vibes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>What is prickly … ferocious … and also one of the most beloved insects around? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ladybug. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, a teenage one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this ladybug larva has something to teach us about appearances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menacing or cute, the ladybug is a stone cold killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 6,000 species of ladybugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also called lady beetles or ladybirds, they come in varying shades and with different numbers of spots. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes even no spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a myth that ladybugs gain a spot every year, but those markings are a useful way to tell different species apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever they are, they all start out here. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As eggs laid in neat clusters by their mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week later these mini-alligators crawl free. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These larvae have an insatiable hunger for aphid insides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larvae stalk their unsuspecting prey, feeling around with their sensitive legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though to be honest, the plump little aphids aren’t exactly a challenge to bring down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their main defense is to make lots of aphids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I mean a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, the ladybug larva starts on one end of the aphid and eats it alive. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other times, it’ll just treat the aphid like a juice box – ditch what’s left and bail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the roughly three weeks it takes the larva to grow up, it’ll eat hundreds of these scrumptious treats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It needs to bulk up for what comes next\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larva finds a cozy spot close to its favorite snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It exudes a sticky liquid from its backside and cements itself in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, it hunches over and squirms in rhythmic convulsions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larva’s about to say goodbye to its old goth look and reinvent itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sheds its outer layer, legs and all, to reveal a ladybug pupa. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An in-between stage where it can spend some time alone figuring out who it really wants to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It spends the next week going through a major metamorphosis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s ready to do some adulting, the full-grown ladybug emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take that, butterflies! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’re not the only ones that create an all new persona for yourselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s free, the ladybug’s armored forewings, called elytra, harden and develop their color and spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not that spots are required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The elytra protect the ladybug’s delicate hindwings, which it now stretches out for the very first time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those wings open whole new worlds to a grown ladybug. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only can the adults fly from plant to plant looking for food and mates,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>but the wings also allow the ladybug to migrate huge distances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll eat up to 5,000 aphids in its adventurous life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes them a true ally to us, protecting our farms and gardens from harmful pests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be fooled by that candy-apple coating. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the hood, the ladybug is still the same wild, relentless hunter it’s always been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi Deep Peeps … \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this episode about how aphid moms give birth to babies that are … already pregnant!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an aphid onslaught!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ladybugs may be the cutest insects around, but they don't start off that way. Also called ladybird beetles or ladybirds, they pop out of their eggs as prickly mini-monsters with an insatiable hunger for aphids. Once they've bulked up, they transform, shedding their terrifying looks ... but keeping their killer vibes.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704845886,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":47,"wordCount":585},"headData":{"title":"Watch Ladybugs Go From Goth to Glam | KQED","description":"Ladybugs may be the cutest insects around, but they don't start off that way. Also called ladybird beetles or ladybirds, they pop out of their eggs as prickly mini-monsters with an insatiable hunger for aphids. Once they've bulked up, they transform, shedding their terrifying looks ... but keeping their killer vibes.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/FCFUk4f3zXw","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/science/1984438/watch-ladybugs-go-from-goth-to-glam","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"dl_subscribe","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Ladybugs may be the cutest insects around, but they don’t start off that way. Also called lady beetles or ladybirds, they pop out of their eggs as prickly mini-monsters with an insatiable hunger for aphids. Once they’ve bulked up, they transform, shedding their terrifying looks, but keeping their killer vibes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>What is prickly … ferocious … and also one of the most beloved insects around? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A ladybug. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, a teenage one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this ladybug larva has something to teach us about appearances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menacing or cute, the ladybug is a stone cold killer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 6,000 species of ladybugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also called lady beetles or ladybirds, they come in varying shades and with different numbers of spots. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes even no spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a myth that ladybugs gain a spot every year, but those markings are a useful way to tell different species apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever they are, they all start out here. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As eggs laid in neat clusters by their mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week later these mini-alligators crawl free. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These larvae have an insatiable hunger for aphid insides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larvae stalk their unsuspecting prey, feeling around with their sensitive legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though to be honest, the plump little aphids aren’t exactly a challenge to bring down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their main defense is to make lots of aphids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I mean a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, the ladybug larva starts on one end of the aphid and eats it alive. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other times, it’ll just treat the aphid like a juice box – ditch what’s left and bail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the roughly three weeks it takes the larva to grow up, it’ll eat hundreds of these scrumptious treats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It needs to bulk up for what comes next\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larva finds a cozy spot close to its favorite snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It exudes a sticky liquid from its backside and cements itself in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, it hunches over and squirms in rhythmic convulsions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The larva’s about to say goodbye to its old goth look and reinvent itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sheds its outer layer, legs and all, to reveal a ladybug pupa. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An in-between stage where it can spend some time alone figuring out who it really wants to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It spends the next week going through a major metamorphosis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it’s ready to do some adulting, the full-grown ladybug emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take that, butterflies! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’re not the only ones that create an all new persona for yourselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s free, the ladybug’s armored forewings, called elytra, harden and develop their color and spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not that spots are required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The elytra protect the ladybug’s delicate hindwings, which it now stretches out for the very first time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those wings open whole new worlds to a grown ladybug. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only can the adults fly from plant to plant looking for food and mates,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>but the wings also allow the ladybug to migrate huge distances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’ll eat up to 5,000 aphids in its adventurous life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes them a true ally to us, protecting our farms and gardens from harmful pests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So don’t be fooled by that candy-apple coating. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the hood, the ladybug is still the same wild, relentless hunter it’s always been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hi Deep Peeps … \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this episode about how aphid moms give birth to babies that are … already pregnant!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s an aphid onslaught!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1984438/watch-ladybugs-go-from-goth-to-glam","authors":["6219"],"series":["science_1935"],"categories":["science_2874","science_30","science_40","science_4450","science_86"],"featImg":"science_1984491","label":"science_1935"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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