Recycling Dirt: A New Niche in the Fracking Industry
Outsourcing Your Compost: Soil Without The Stink
Prescription Drug Disposal: Who Should Foot the Bill?
QUEST Quiz: Sewage
Wastewater Woes: Sewage Spills in SF Bay
Reporter's notes: Sewage Happens
Sponsored
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When she’s not anchoring WCPN’s evening newscast, Michelle is canvassing the state, reporting on Ohio’s burgeoning natural gas industry.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21e6f33bc311dba649dee0181bc8411a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Michelle Kanu | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21e6f33bc311dba649dee0181bc8411a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/21e6f33bc311dba649dee0181bc8411a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mkanu"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_59763":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_59763","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"59763","score":null,"sort":[1380639602000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"recycling-dirt-a-new-niche-in-the-fracking-industry","title":"Recycling Dirt: A New Niche in the Fracking Industry","publishDate":1380639602,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.what-is-fracking.com/\">Fracking\u003c/a> for natural gas has been vilified for the millions of gallons of wastewater the process generates. But drilling gas wells thousands of feet into the ground also produces another huge stream of waste --tons of rock shavings and dirt tainted with oily chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get a better picture of this, imagine using an electric drill to bore a hole into a thick block of wood. All of the wood shavings that fly out are called “cuttings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same thing happens when energy companies drill for oil or natural gas thousands of feet underground -- layers of dirt and rock cuttings are removed from the hole. These rock shavings are coated with an oily residue that rubs off the drill bit. It contains traces of metals and radiation that naturally exist deep in the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61204\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/Chris-Elliott-in-land-sea-box-where-he-grows-microbes.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61204\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/Chris-Elliott-in-land-sea-box-where-he-grows-microbes-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"Chris Elliott, President of Ohio Soil Recycling, uncovers the tank where he grows millions of tiny microbes that will clean out contaminated soil and drill cuttings (photo by Michelle Kanu).\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chris Elliott, President of Ohio Soil Recycling, uncovers the tank where he grows millions of tiny microbes that will clean out contaminated soil and drill cuttings (photo by Michelle Kanu).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ohio requires that these dirty cuttings be disposed of in \u003ca href=\"http://oilandgas.ohiodnr.gov/portals/oilgas/pdf/Fact%20Sheet%20on%20Drilling%20Muds.pdf\">landfills\u003c/a>, but now one company in the Buckeye State has stepped forward with the idea to recycle the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's where Chris Elliott, president of \u003ca href=\"http://www.soilrecycling.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ohio Soil Recycling\u003c/a>, comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the company's headquarters, a trailer in the middle of an abandoned landfill in Columbus, I hop in Elliott’s pickup and he drives us down a winding dirt path to where a backhoe is scooping up massive piles of dirt and unloading it into a dump truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today our crew is actually moving remediated soil off of the treatment pad over here,” Elliott says. “They're taking it from the treatment pad and over to the final resting area, and placing it on the old landfill and compacting it now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer Ohio Soil Recycling became the first private company to get a \u003ca href=\"http://epa.ohio.gov/portals/34/document/issued_actions/OSR%20IAWMP%20Drill%20Cuttings%202013.pdf\">permit\u003c/a> from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency to accept drill cuttings from the oil and gas industry. Elliott says drilling giant Chesapeake initially approached him with the idea a couple of years ago. He figured recycling rock cuttings would be a natural extension of his company's core business. Since 2000, the company has been using a process called \u003ca href=\"http://blog.soilutions.co.uk/2011/03/04/what-is-bioremediation/\" target=\"_blank\">bioremediation\u003c/a> to clean up dirt that has been contaminated by oil or industrial spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott explains the process first involves running the soil through a machine. “It kind of breaks the soil up, spreads it across a four-foot-wide belt in a very thin layer, and then we have a spray bar that sprays the microbes onto it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61207\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/OSR-treatment-pad.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61207\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/OSR-treatment-pad-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"These piles of dirt are undergoing the bioremediation treatment process (photo by Michelle Kanu).\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These piles of dirt are undergoing the bioremediation treatment process (photo by Michelle Kanu).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The microbes go to work, feasting on the oil, heavy metals, and chemical contaminants in the dirt. After the tiny organisms have consumed the food source and start to die off, Elliott says he tests the dirt to make sure it meets the EPA’s standards for residential use. The clean material is then deposited on a different part of the company property as ground cover for the old landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott says that by the time the dirt comes off their treatment pad, “We’re extremely confident with the lab results that we get off of it that we got it completely clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some environmental groups aren’t convinced that Ohio Soil Recycling can clean out all the contaminants in the rock cuttings from natural gas drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We do have a serious concern. Do they have the technology in place to treat for radioactivity, for heavy metals, and for these harsh chemicals?”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We do have a serious concern,” says Melanie Houston, director of water policy for the Ohio Environmental Council. “Do they have the technology in place to treat for radioactivity, for heavy metals, and for these harsh chemicals?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston says the EPA’s standards are too lax, and state law doesn't require Ohio Soil Recycling to test the cuttings thoroughly for radiation. Her group has been lobbying the state to enact stricter policies for testing drilling waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that the law is stated, these materials are considered non-hazardous,” she says, “so it sort of set things up in a way that companies have an exemption and can treat this material in a way that they would treat non-hazardous material.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some scientists say the amount of radiation in those rock cuttings is unlikely to pose a threat to human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Jeffrey Dick, a geologist at Youngstown State University, the amount of radiation in the cuttings is really low. “It’s not concentrated enough to be a threat. But you have to remember that these radionuclides are trapped within the rock, and they're not being given access to pathways to our drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“For the oil and gas industry, I think we really provide a great alternative that gives them a green solution they can tout that they're doing the green thing with their waste instead of just putting it into a landfill.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Back at Ohio Soil Recycling, Elliott points toward a patch of land just below the freeway and shows me where the recycled drill cuttings will go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lowest area out there is where we would be placing them, knowing that then they would have soil put on top of them so that it could be vegetated and finished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recycling drill cuttings is still uncharted ground. Only a few companies in Texas have experimented with the process, and so far Elliott's company has only done a test run of cleaning cuttings from Chesapeake. Now that he has the EPA's blessing, Elliott hopes drilling waste will bring a steady stream of revenue in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With landfilling being the only option for cuttings previously, you know you were sending the waste to a landfill, the waste wasn't being cleaned,” he says. “For the oil and gas industry, I think we really provide a great alternative that gives them a green solution they can tout that they're doing the green thing with their waste instead of just putting it into a landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott is already looking to expand. He’s planning to partner with another company that has more capital and name the new business Shale Recycling. He says he and his new partner are already scouting out areas in eastern Ohio where they plan to open future recycling sites.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As an alternative to the landfill, some companies now recycle contaminated rock shavings left over from drilling for natural gas.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450492686,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1105},"headData":{"title":"Recycling Dirt: A New Niche in the Fracking Industry | KQED","description":"As an alternative to the landfill, some companies now recycle contaminated rock shavings left over from drilling for natural gas.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Recycling Dirt: A New Niche in the Fracking Industry","datePublished":"2013-10-01T15:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2015-12-19T02:38:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"59763 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=59763","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/10/01/recycling-dirt-a-new-niche-in-the-fracking-industry/","disqusTitle":"Recycling Dirt: A New Niche in the Fracking Industry","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","audioUrl":"https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Ohio/Radio/Content/Recycling+Frack+Dirt/Stream/dirtyrecyclingLONGmp3withtag.mp3","path":"/quest/59763/recycling-dirt-a-new-niche-in-the-fracking-industry","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.what-is-fracking.com/\">Fracking\u003c/a> for natural gas has been vilified for the millions of gallons of wastewater the process generates. But drilling gas wells thousands of feet into the ground also produces another huge stream of waste --tons of rock shavings and dirt tainted with oily chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get a better picture of this, imagine using an electric drill to bore a hole into a thick block of wood. All of the wood shavings that fly out are called “cuttings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same thing happens when energy companies drill for oil or natural gas thousands of feet underground -- layers of dirt and rock cuttings are removed from the hole. These rock shavings are coated with an oily residue that rubs off the drill bit. It contains traces of metals and radiation that naturally exist deep in the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61204\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/Chris-Elliott-in-land-sea-box-where-he-grows-microbes.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61204\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/Chris-Elliott-in-land-sea-box-where-he-grows-microbes-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"Chris Elliott, President of Ohio Soil Recycling, uncovers the tank where he grows millions of tiny microbes that will clean out contaminated soil and drill cuttings (photo by Michelle Kanu).\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chris Elliott, President of Ohio Soil Recycling, uncovers the tank where he grows millions of tiny microbes that will clean out contaminated soil and drill cuttings (photo by Michelle Kanu).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ohio requires that these dirty cuttings be disposed of in \u003ca href=\"http://oilandgas.ohiodnr.gov/portals/oilgas/pdf/Fact%20Sheet%20on%20Drilling%20Muds.pdf\">landfills\u003c/a>, but now one company in the Buckeye State has stepped forward with the idea to recycle the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's where Chris Elliott, president of \u003ca href=\"http://www.soilrecycling.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ohio Soil Recycling\u003c/a>, comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the company's headquarters, a trailer in the middle of an abandoned landfill in Columbus, I hop in Elliott’s pickup and he drives us down a winding dirt path to where a backhoe is scooping up massive piles of dirt and unloading it into a dump truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today our crew is actually moving remediated soil off of the treatment pad over here,” Elliott says. “They're taking it from the treatment pad and over to the final resting area, and placing it on the old landfill and compacting it now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer Ohio Soil Recycling became the first private company to get a \u003ca href=\"http://epa.ohio.gov/portals/34/document/issued_actions/OSR%20IAWMP%20Drill%20Cuttings%202013.pdf\">permit\u003c/a> from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency to accept drill cuttings from the oil and gas industry. Elliott says drilling giant Chesapeake initially approached him with the idea a couple of years ago. He figured recycling rock cuttings would be a natural extension of his company's core business. Since 2000, the company has been using a process called \u003ca href=\"http://blog.soilutions.co.uk/2011/03/04/what-is-bioremediation/\" target=\"_blank\">bioremediation\u003c/a> to clean up dirt that has been contaminated by oil or industrial spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott explains the process first involves running the soil through a machine. “It kind of breaks the soil up, spreads it across a four-foot-wide belt in a very thin layer, and then we have a spray bar that sprays the microbes onto it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61207\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/OSR-treatment-pad.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-61207\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/08/OSR-treatment-pad-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"These piles of dirt are undergoing the bioremediation treatment process (photo by Michelle Kanu).\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These piles of dirt are undergoing the bioremediation treatment process (photo by Michelle Kanu).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The microbes go to work, feasting on the oil, heavy metals, and chemical contaminants in the dirt. After the tiny organisms have consumed the food source and start to die off, Elliott says he tests the dirt to make sure it meets the EPA’s standards for residential use. The clean material is then deposited on a different part of the company property as ground cover for the old landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott says that by the time the dirt comes off their treatment pad, “We’re extremely confident with the lab results that we get off of it that we got it completely clean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some environmental groups aren’t convinced that Ohio Soil Recycling can clean out all the contaminants in the rock cuttings from natural gas drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"We do have a serious concern. Do they have the technology in place to treat for radioactivity, for heavy metals, and for these harsh chemicals?”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We do have a serious concern,” says Melanie Houston, director of water policy for the Ohio Environmental Council. “Do they have the technology in place to treat for radioactivity, for heavy metals, and for these harsh chemicals?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston says the EPA’s standards are too lax, and state law doesn't require Ohio Soil Recycling to test the cuttings thoroughly for radiation. Her group has been lobbying the state to enact stricter policies for testing drilling waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that the law is stated, these materials are considered non-hazardous,” she says, “so it sort of set things up in a way that companies have an exemption and can treat this material in a way that they would treat non-hazardous material.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some scientists say the amount of radiation in those rock cuttings is unlikely to pose a threat to human health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Jeffrey Dick, a geologist at Youngstown State University, the amount of radiation in the cuttings is really low. “It’s not concentrated enough to be a threat. But you have to remember that these radionuclides are trapped within the rock, and they're not being given access to pathways to our drinking water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“For the oil and gas industry, I think we really provide a great alternative that gives them a green solution they can tout that they're doing the green thing with their waste instead of just putting it into a landfill.”\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Back at Ohio Soil Recycling, Elliott points toward a patch of land just below the freeway and shows me where the recycled drill cuttings will go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lowest area out there is where we would be placing them, knowing that then they would have soil put on top of them so that it could be vegetated and finished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recycling drill cuttings is still uncharted ground. Only a few companies in Texas have experimented with the process, and so far Elliott's company has only done a test run of cleaning cuttings from Chesapeake. Now that he has the EPA's blessing, Elliott hopes drilling waste will bring a steady stream of revenue in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With landfilling being the only option for cuttings previously, you know you were sending the waste to a landfill, the waste wasn't being cleaned,” he says. “For the oil and gas industry, I think we really provide a great alternative that gives them a green solution they can tout that they're doing the green thing with their waste instead of just putting it into a landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elliott is already looking to expand. He’s planning to partner with another company that has more capital and name the new business Shale Recycling. He says he and his new partner are already scouting out areas in eastern Ohio where they plan to open future recycling sites.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/59763/recycling-dirt-a-new-niche-in-the-fracking-industry","authors":["10486"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_11765","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_337","quest_12269","quest_10327","quest_30","quest_9804","quest_12276","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_3293","quest_10429","quest_2692","quest_3103","quest_12212"],"featImg":"quest_61210","label":"source_quest_59763"},"quest_50972":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_50972","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"50972","score":null,"sort":[1370354421000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"outsourcing-your-compost-soil-without-the-stink","title":"Outsourcing Your Compost: Soil Without The Stink","publishDate":1370354421,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/scrape4.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-55660\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/scrape4-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"scrape4\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday is trash/recycling day at my house. That means whatever is cleaned up in the kitchen after dinner goes right into the garbage and then out to the trash bin at the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55664\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/bin3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-55664 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/bin3-338x253.jpg\" alt='\"American families throw out approximately 25 percent of the food and beverages they buy,\" according to the NRDC' width=\"338\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"American families throw out approximately 25 percent of the food and beverages they buy,\" according to the NRDC\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scraps of food from plates, pieces of fat from the meat, the hard part from the head of lettuce, the coffee filter filled with grounds, the “icky looking” piece of carrot the kids didn’t want, etc. It all goes into the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not like I was throwing away a lot of food scraps. But I’ve got to admit, as I rolled out the trash and recycling bins, I started wondering what else I could do with that food waste. My family already recycles. So do a lot of people in North Carolina. In fact, a new \u003ca title=\"Recycle North Carolina\" href=\"http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?p_l_id=4649434&folderId=9377383&name=DLFE-65922.pdf\">report \u003c/a>shows nearly 500,000 tons of household recyclables were diverted from North Carolina landfills last fiscal year. That’s about 300 pounds per capita.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But my family, and the state, could still do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to food waste, composting is an option. But let’s face it; composting is more complicated than recycling. For home composting to be effective and turn food waste into soil, it needs to be turned and treated. There’s also the smell issue as the food waste decomposes. In addition, some food wastes, such as bones, just won’t break down in small compost piles in the backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently, people around the country have the same questions and companies are cropping up to provide answers—and solutions. From Atlanta to Brooklyn entrepreneurs are pioneering services that make it simpler for people to compost. Fortunately for me, there’s a company based near my home in Raleigh, NC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/Bucket3HQ.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-55584\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/Bucket3HQ-310x253.jpg\" alt=\"Bucket3HQ\" width=\"223\" height=\"182\">\u003c/a>It’s called \u003ca title=\"Compost Now\" href=\"http://compostnow.org\">CompostNow\u003c/a> and it is one of the first full-service, weekly doorstep compost services in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works: For $25/month, CompostNow picks up its customers' compost once a week and drops off two clean compost bins . For every 100 pounds of compost picked up a customer earns 50 pounds of soil. Customers can track how much soil has been earned on the company’s website. If a customer doesn’t need the soil it can be donated to a local community garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55458\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 614px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-55458 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cem>Images Courtesy CompostNow\u003c/em>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to intercept food scraps from going to the landfill where it truly becomes waste, and redirect it to create the rich soil people have a hard time finding,” co-founder Dominique Bischof told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company estimates it has intercepted almost 50,000 pounds of compostable material since it launched about one year ago. That’s led to the creation of 25,000 pounds of Black Gold—or premium, nutrient-rich compost soil for its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CompostNow has about 200 customers throughout North Carolina’s Triangle communities. And it is adding new customers every week. Bischof says the biggest challenge is explaining why composting is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people figure food scraps will decompose in a landfill so why bother to compost,” explained Bischof. “But landfill trash is so tightly compressed, food scraps won’t decompose properly. Without much air and water, food waste turns to methane gas, which is a major problem with green house emissions and global warming. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, methane gas has five times the green house effect of carbon dioxide gas. Bischof adds that even if it the food scraps did decompose, all that nutrient rich soil is trapped in a landfill where it is lost forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sDrD2fLwsKE?feature=player_detailpage]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what can be composted, Natalie Ross, a soil scientist with North Carolina State University has a good rule to follow:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/compst.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-55658\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/compst-309x253.jpg\" alt=\"compst\" width=\"309\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>“If it came from life it can be composted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means food scraps, fruit and vegetable skins, coffee grounds, paper towels, and tissues are all eligible to be dumped into the bins left by CompostNow drivers. An avid composter, Ross can personally vouch for the way compost soil makes her backyard garden grow. She also allays concerns about using soil made from household garbage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Compost soil is moist and crumbly, it doesn’t smell and doesn’t contain any recognizable material, which is something people worry about,” says Ross.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"From Door to Spore: a reporter explores a new service that strives to make household composting easier.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1381537871,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":776},"headData":{"title":"Outsourcing Your Compost: Soil Without The Stink | KQED","description":"From Door to Spore: a reporter explores a new service that strives to make household composting easier.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Outsourcing Your Compost: Soil Without The Stink","datePublished":"2013-06-04T14:00:21.000Z","dateModified":"2013-10-12T00:31:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"50972 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=50972","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/06/04/outsourcing-your-compost-soil-without-the-stink/","disqusTitle":"Outsourcing Your Compost: Soil Without The Stink","path":"/quest/50972/outsourcing-your-compost-soil-without-the-stink","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/scrape4.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-55660\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/scrape4-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"scrape4\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday is trash/recycling day at my house. That means whatever is cleaned up in the kitchen after dinner goes right into the garbage and then out to the trash bin at the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55664\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/bin3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-55664 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/bin3-338x253.jpg\" alt='\"American families throw out approximately 25 percent of the food and beverages they buy,\" according to the NRDC' width=\"338\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"American families throw out approximately 25 percent of the food and beverages they buy,\" according to the NRDC\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scraps of food from plates, pieces of fat from the meat, the hard part from the head of lettuce, the coffee filter filled with grounds, the “icky looking” piece of carrot the kids didn’t want, etc. It all goes into the trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not like I was throwing away a lot of food scraps. But I’ve got to admit, as I rolled out the trash and recycling bins, I started wondering what else I could do with that food waste. My family already recycles. So do a lot of people in North Carolina. In fact, a new \u003ca title=\"Recycle North Carolina\" href=\"http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?p_l_id=4649434&folderId=9377383&name=DLFE-65922.pdf\">report \u003c/a>shows nearly 500,000 tons of household recyclables were diverted from North Carolina landfills last fiscal year. That’s about 300 pounds per capita.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But my family, and the state, could still do more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to food waste, composting is an option. But let’s face it; composting is more complicated than recycling. For home composting to be effective and turn food waste into soil, it needs to be turned and treated. There’s also the smell issue as the food waste decomposes. In addition, some food wastes, such as bones, just won’t break down in small compost piles in the backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apparently, people around the country have the same questions and companies are cropping up to provide answers—and solutions. From Atlanta to Brooklyn entrepreneurs are pioneering services that make it simpler for people to compost. Fortunately for me, there’s a company based near my home in Raleigh, NC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/Bucket3HQ.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-55584\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/Bucket3HQ-310x253.jpg\" alt=\"Bucket3HQ\" width=\"223\" height=\"182\">\u003c/a>It’s called \u003ca title=\"Compost Now\" href=\"http://compostnow.org\">CompostNow\u003c/a> and it is one of the first full-service, weekly doorstep compost services in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how it works: For $25/month, CompostNow picks up its customers' compost once a week and drops off two clean compost bins . For every 100 pounds of compost picked up a customer earns 50 pounds of soil. Customers can track how much soil has been earned on the company’s website. If a customer doesn’t need the soil it can be donated to a local community garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_55458\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 614px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-55458 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/CN_HowItWorks-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cem>Images Courtesy CompostNow\u003c/em>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to intercept food scraps from going to the landfill where it truly becomes waste, and redirect it to create the rich soil people have a hard time finding,” co-founder Dominique Bischof told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company estimates it has intercepted almost 50,000 pounds of compostable material since it launched about one year ago. That’s led to the creation of 25,000 pounds of Black Gold—or premium, nutrient-rich compost soil for its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CompostNow has about 200 customers throughout North Carolina’s Triangle communities. And it is adding new customers every week. Bischof says the biggest challenge is explaining why composting is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people figure food scraps will decompose in a landfill so why bother to compost,” explained Bischof. “But landfill trash is so tightly compressed, food scraps won’t decompose properly. Without much air and water, food waste turns to methane gas, which is a major problem with green house emissions and global warming. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, methane gas has five times the green house effect of carbon dioxide gas. Bischof adds that even if it the food scraps did decompose, all that nutrient rich soil is trapped in a landfill where it is lost forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/sDrD2fLwsKE?feature=player_detailpage'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/sDrD2fLwsKE?feature=player_detailpage'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what can be composted, Natalie Ross, a soil scientist with North Carolina State University has a good rule to follow:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/compst.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-55658\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/compst-309x253.jpg\" alt=\"compst\" width=\"309\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>“If it came from life it can be composted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means food scraps, fruit and vegetable skins, coffee grounds, paper towels, and tissues are all eligible to be dumped into the bins left by CompostNow drivers. An avid composter, Ross can personally vouch for the way compost soil makes her backyard garden grow. She also allays concerns about using soil made from household garbage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Compost soil is moist and crumbly, it doesn’t smell and doesn’t contain any recognizable material, which is something people worry about,” says Ross.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/50972/outsourcing-your-compost-soil-without-the-stink","authors":["10457"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_5","quest_9","quest_3229"],"tags":["quest_10041","quest_12031","quest_12032","quest_1122","quest_12034","quest_10298","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_3290","quest_12033","quest_2387","quest_13364","quest_10363","quest_10303","quest_3103"],"featImg":"quest_55632","label":"quest"},"quest_41612":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_41612","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"41612","score":null,"sort":[1343833212000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill","title":"Prescription Drug Disposal: Who Should Foot the Bill?","publishDate":1343833212,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41613\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/01/prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill/novomycin-resize/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41613\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-41613\" title=\"novomycin resize\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/novomycin-resize-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"antibiotics\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit:{link url=\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Alameda County Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance requiring pharmaceutical companies to pay for prescription drug take-back programs in the county. The legislation is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/press/2012/2012-07-24_SupervisorMileyPressRelease.pdf\">first of its kind in the country\u003c/a>, though the industry has voluntarily contributed to a pilot drug disposal program currently running in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say the new rules will help prevent prescription drug abuse and will protect our waterways from being polluted by unused medicine flushed down a toilet. A representative for the industry group \u003ca href=\"http://www.phrma.org/\">Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/products/2012/2012-07-05_PhRMALetterofOpposition.pdf\"> says the group disagrees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s debate over whether take-back programs \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/05/junk-medicine/\">really are environmentally friendly\u003c/a>. But I’ll leave the environmental and public health discussion for another time. This new regulation, if it stands, is about money. And it’s part of a larger movement to shift responsibility for waste disposal from local governments to companies that make products like paint and batteries. Manufacturers then add the disposal costs to a product’s purchase price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical companies already pay for medicine disposal in the Canadian province of British Columbia, under requirements set by provincial legislation passed in 1997. Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/\">the take-back program\u003c/a> collected about 76 tons of medicine from more than 1000 drop-off locations around the province. Containers, collection and medication incineration for the province \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/products/2012/2012-04-23_BC%20Case%20Study.pdf\">cost about $430,000\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug take-back programs here in the U.S. are nothing new. Since September 2010, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Association has sponsored four nationwide medicine collection events. In the Bay Area, pharmacies and police stations\u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/pharmaceutical-disposal-sites\"> from San Jose to Petaluma\u003c/a> regularly accept drugs for disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s harder to find \u003ca href=\"http://www.takebacknetwork.com/local_efforts.html\">drop-off locations in other parts of the country\u003c/a>, especially those that accept controlled substances like narcotic painkillers. Cash-strapped city and county governments struggle to fund these programs within complicated federal, state and local regulations for medicine collection and disposal -- let alone pay staff members to administer the programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal law designed to carefully track potentially abused medicines, with the goal of reducing the possibility that they end up in the wrong hands, inadvertently limits collection locations. The U.S. Controlled Substances Act strictly limits who can accept unused narcotics. Only law enforcement officers can collect medicines recognized by this act, including steroids, sleeping pills and antidepressants. It’s turned into a big headache for pharmaceutical take-back program organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Convenience matters when choosing locations for pharmaceutical disposal sites, and a police station may not be the best choice. People tend to return medicine to a pharmacy where they first picked it up, but the current law prevents pharmacists from accepting controlled substances unless a police officer is present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act, signed by President Barak Obama in October 2010, addresses this legal restriction. This new law gives the U.S. Attorney General power to modify the Controlled Substances Act and extend collection privileges to people other than law enforcement officers. However, the DEA hasn’t released the new regulations yet, and disposal program organizers hope the new rules will appear soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even once the federal regulations are changed, there are state and local waste regulations to consider. In California, for example, medicines in a home are considered residential waste and exempt from any state disposal laws. But once drugs are combined in the same bin at a business or collection site, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/homehazwaste/Medications/Business.htm\">voluntary state guidelines effective until January 2013\u003c/a> recommend treating it as medical waste. The new Alameda County ordinance requires it to be incinerated, and there are no medical or hazardous waste incinerators in the state. That means pharmaceutical waste must be shipped across state lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an added wrinkle for controlled substances. If the collection bin contains any of these drugs, federal law requires it to remain the property of law enforcement or specially registered waste haulers until it is destroyed. In California, police officers accompany these collection bins to waste-to-energy incinerators in Los Angeles and Stanislaus County, says Bill Pollock, program manager of the Alameda County Household Hazardous Waste Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical disposal programs know how to work within these regulations, says Stevan Gressitt, one of the founders of the Institute for Pharmaceutical Safety, a collaboration of clinicians from several Maine universities. But running such a program requires consistant funding to cover medicine collection, disposal and staff training and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the public asks for medicine take-back programs, local governments struggle to fund them, says Heidi Sandborn, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/index.html\">California Product Stewardship Council\u003c/a>. That spurs legislation like the new Alameda County ordinance requiring the pharmaceutical industry share the responsibility for disposing of waste medicine. A stable source of funding means that collection sites can expand to convenient locations for more Alameda County residents, like pharmacies and hazardous waste drop off sites, Pollock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This regulation is in the same spirit as \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/epr/PolicyLaw/Paint.htm\">one signed by the governor in 2010\u003c/a> requiring paint companies to pay for disposal of leftover paint. Paint sold in California will soon have a surcharge to cover its disposal, Pollock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike paint, the challenges of funding a medicine disposal program may not be over yet. A representative for PhRMA, the pharmaceutical industry group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Calif-county-makes-industry-pay-to-toss-Rx-pills-3729594.php\"> told the Associated Press\u003c/a> that she questioned the county’s ability to require the industry to pay for such programs, although no legal challenge has been considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're looking to get rid of unused medicine and there are no take-back programs near you, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has \u003ca href=\"//www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/UnderstandingOver-the-CounterMedicines/ucm107163.pdf%E2%80%9D\">guidelines\u003c/a> for its disposal. When directed by the manufacturer, flush some medicine down the toilet. Otherwise, mix the drugs with coffee grounds or other unpalatable things and throw it away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE 8/1/12: The article was corrected to reflect the fact that household medicines combined in a bin at a collection site are not classified as medical waste, as was originally stated, but voluntarily handled as such.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new ordinance in Alameda County requires the pharmaceutical industry to pay for disposal of extra medicine. The regulation is part of a larger movement to shift responsibility for waste disposal from local governments to companies that make products like paint, medicine and batteries.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1347308838,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1003},"headData":{"title":"Prescription Drug Disposal: Who Should Foot the Bill? | KQED","description":"A new ordinance in Alameda County requires the pharmaceutical industry to pay for disposal of extra medicine. The regulation is part of a larger movement to shift responsibility for waste disposal from local governments to companies that make products like paint, medicine and batteries.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Prescription Drug Disposal: Who Should Foot the Bill?","datePublished":"2012-08-01T15:00:12.000Z","dateModified":"2012-09-10T20:27:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"41612 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=41612","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/01/prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill/","disqusTitle":"Prescription Drug Disposal: Who Should Foot the Bill?","path":"/quest/41612/prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41613\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/01/prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill/novomycin-resize/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41613\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-41613\" title=\"novomycin resize\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/novomycin-resize-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"antibiotics\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Credit:{link url=\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Alameda County Board of Supervisors passed an ordinance requiring pharmaceutical companies to pay for prescription drug take-back programs in the county. The legislation is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/press/2012/2012-07-24_SupervisorMileyPressRelease.pdf\">first of its kind in the country\u003c/a>, though the industry has voluntarily contributed to a pilot drug disposal program currently running in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters say the new rules will help prevent prescription drug abuse and will protect our waterways from being polluted by unused medicine flushed down a toilet. A representative for the industry group \u003ca href=\"http://www.phrma.org/\">Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/products/2012/2012-07-05_PhRMALetterofOpposition.pdf\"> says the group disagrees\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s debate over whether take-back programs \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/05/junk-medicine/\">really are environmentally friendly\u003c/a>. But I’ll leave the environmental and public health discussion for another time. This new regulation, if it stands, is about money. And it’s part of a larger movement to shift responsibility for waste disposal from local governments to companies that make products like paint and batteries. Manufacturers then add the disposal costs to a product’s purchase price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical companies already pay for medicine disposal in the Canadian province of British Columbia, under requirements set by provincial legislation passed in 1997. Last year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.medicationsreturn.ca/\">the take-back program\u003c/a> collected about 76 tons of medicine from more than 1000 drop-off locations around the province. Containers, collection and medication incineration for the province \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/assets/products/2012/2012-04-23_BC%20Case%20Study.pdf\">cost about $430,000\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drug take-back programs here in the U.S. are nothing new. Since September 2010, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Association has sponsored four nationwide medicine collection events. In the Bay Area, pharmacies and police stations\u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/pharmaceutical-disposal-sites\"> from San Jose to Petaluma\u003c/a> regularly accept drugs for disposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s harder to find \u003ca href=\"http://www.takebacknetwork.com/local_efforts.html\">drop-off locations in other parts of the country\u003c/a>, especially those that accept controlled substances like narcotic painkillers. Cash-strapped city and county governments struggle to fund these programs within complicated federal, state and local regulations for medicine collection and disposal -- let alone pay staff members to administer the programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal law designed to carefully track potentially abused medicines, with the goal of reducing the possibility that they end up in the wrong hands, inadvertently limits collection locations. The U.S. Controlled Substances Act strictly limits who can accept unused narcotics. Only law enforcement officers can collect medicines recognized by this act, including steroids, sleeping pills and antidepressants. It’s turned into a big headache for pharmaceutical take-back program organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Convenience matters when choosing locations for pharmaceutical disposal sites, and a police station may not be the best choice. People tend to return medicine to a pharmacy where they first picked it up, but the current law prevents pharmacists from accepting controlled substances unless a police officer is present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Secure and Responsible Drug Disposal Act, signed by President Barak Obama in October 2010, addresses this legal restriction. This new law gives the U.S. Attorney General power to modify the Controlled Substances Act and extend collection privileges to people other than law enforcement officers. However, the DEA hasn’t released the new regulations yet, and disposal program organizers hope the new rules will appear soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even once the federal regulations are changed, there are state and local waste regulations to consider. In California, for example, medicines in a home are considered residential waste and exempt from any state disposal laws. But once drugs are combined in the same bin at a business or collection site, \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/homehazwaste/Medications/Business.htm\">voluntary state guidelines effective until January 2013\u003c/a> recommend treating it as medical waste. The new Alameda County ordinance requires it to be incinerated, and there are no medical or hazardous waste incinerators in the state. That means pharmaceutical waste must be shipped across state lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an added wrinkle for controlled substances. If the collection bin contains any of these drugs, federal law requires it to remain the property of law enforcement or specially registered waste haulers until it is destroyed. In California, police officers accompany these collection bins to waste-to-energy incinerators in Los Angeles and Stanislaus County, says Bill Pollock, program manager of the Alameda County Household Hazardous Waste Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical disposal programs know how to work within these regulations, says Stevan Gressitt, one of the founders of the Institute for Pharmaceutical Safety, a collaboration of clinicians from several Maine universities. But running such a program requires consistant funding to cover medicine collection, disposal and staff training and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the public asks for medicine take-back programs, local governments struggle to fund them, says Heidi Sandborn, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calpsc.org/index.html\">California Product Stewardship Council\u003c/a>. That spurs legislation like the new Alameda County ordinance requiring the pharmaceutical industry share the responsibility for disposing of waste medicine. A stable source of funding means that collection sites can expand to convenient locations for more Alameda County residents, like pharmacies and hazardous waste drop off sites, Pollock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This regulation is in the same spirit as \u003ca href=\"http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/epr/PolicyLaw/Paint.htm\">one signed by the governor in 2010\u003c/a> requiring paint companies to pay for disposal of leftover paint. Paint sold in California will soon have a surcharge to cover its disposal, Pollock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike paint, the challenges of funding a medicine disposal program may not be over yet. A representative for PhRMA, the pharmaceutical industry group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Calif-county-makes-industry-pay-to-toss-Rx-pills-3729594.php\"> told the Associated Press\u003c/a> that she questioned the county’s ability to require the industry to pay for such programs, although no legal challenge has been considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're looking to get rid of unused medicine and there are no take-back programs near you, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has \u003ca href=\"//www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/UnderstandingOver-the-CounterMedicines/ucm107163.pdf%E2%80%9D\">guidelines\u003c/a> for its disposal. When directed by the manufacturer, flush some medicine down the toilet. Otherwise, mix the drugs with coffee grounds or other unpalatable things and throw it away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>UPDATE 8/1/12: The article was corrected to reflect the fact that household medicines combined in a bin at a collection site are not classified as medical waste, as was originally stated, but voluntarily handled as such.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/41612/prescription-drug-disposal-who-should-foot-the-bill","authors":["10331"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_9","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_11322","quest_3351","quest_1783","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_3103"],"featImg":"quest_41613","label":"quest"},"quest_17483":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17483","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17483","score":null,"sort":[1243391460000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"quest-quiz-sewage","title":"QUEST Quiz: Sewage","publishDate":1243391460,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>If you live in Oakland, how long does it take for sewage to flow from your house, through the EBMUD plant and into the bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If you live in Oakland, how long does it take for sewage to flow from your house, through the EBMUD plant and into the bay?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457748415,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":27},"headData":{"title":"QUEST Quiz: Sewage | KQED","description":"If you live in Oakland, how long does it take for sewage to flow from your house, through the EBMUD plant and into the bay?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"QUEST Quiz: Sewage","datePublished":"2009-05-27T02:31:00.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-12T02:06:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17483 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/quest-quiz-sewage/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/26/quest-quiz-sewage/","disqusTitle":"QUEST Quiz: Sewage","videoEmbed":"https://vimeo.com/4891454","path":"/quest/17483/quest-quiz-sewage","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you live in Oakland, how long does it take for sewage to flow from your house, through the EBMUD plant and into the bay?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17483/quest-quiz-sewage","authors":["10190"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_12","quest_3422","quest_3233","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_284","quest_688","quest_13201","quest_3351","quest_11125","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_2598","quest_2893","quest_2990","quest_3103","quest_3108"],"label":"quest"},"quest_17482":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17482","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17482","score":null,"sort":[1243391400000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"wastewater-woes-sewage-spills-in-sf-bay","title":"Wastewater Woes: Sewage Spills in SF Bay","publishDate":1243391400,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3359,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>What happens when you flush the toilet? For most of us, what's out of sight is out of mind. But large numbers of sewage spills into San Francisco Bay are forcing cities, water agencies and the public to take a closer look at wastewater and its impacts on the health of the bay. QUEST investigates the causes of the spills and what's being done to prevent them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/26/producers-notes-wastewater-woes-bye-bye-poo-poo/\" target=\"_blank\">sewage management and this video\u003c/a> with the Producer's Notes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What happens when you flush the toilet? For most of us, what's out of sight is out of mind. But large numbers of sewage spills into San Francisco Bay are forcing cities, water agencies and the public to take a closer look at wastewater and its impacts on the health of the bay. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457748505,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":84},"headData":{"title":"Wastewater Woes: Sewage Spills in SF Bay | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Wastewater Woes: Sewage Spills in SF Bay","datePublished":"2009-05-27T02:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-12T02:08:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17482 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/wastewater-woes-sewage-spills-in-sf-bay/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/26/wastewater-woes-sewage-spills-in-sf-bay/","disqusTitle":"Wastewater Woes: Sewage Spills in SF Bay","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3KeKhddeDA","path":"/quest/17482/wastewater-woes-sewage-spills-in-sf-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What happens when you flush the toilet? For most of us, what's out of sight is out of mind. But large numbers of sewage spills into San Francisco Bay are forcing cities, water agencies and the public to take a closer look at wastewater and its impacts on the health of the bay. QUEST investigates the causes of the spills and what's being done to prevent them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Learn more about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/26/producers-notes-wastewater-woes-bye-bye-poo-poo/\" target=\"_blank\">sewage management and this video\u003c/a> with the Producer's Notes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17482/wastewater-woes-sewage-spills-in-sf-bay","authors":["209","6176"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_3422","quest_3233","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_284","quest_688","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_2486","quest_2598","quest_2893","quest_3103","quest_3108"],"collections":["quest_3359"],"label":"quest_3359"},"quest_437":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_437","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"437","score":null,"sort":[1203649876000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sewage-happens-2","title":"Reporter's notes: Sewage Happens","publishDate":1203649876,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/02/radio2-20_sewage3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>photo courtesy of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/em>\u003c/span>We’d had \"aging infrastructure\" on our story lists for some time when we first heard about the sewage spills in Mill Valley. When news came in that not just one, but two sewage spills had poured five million gallons of partially treated wastewater into \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson_Bay\">Richardson Bay\u003c/a>, we decided to move that story to the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those spills got a lot of coverage, including by KQED, so our question was a little broader. Were those spills an anomaly? (Answer: No, they were big, but not unusual.) And how does this happen in as eco-conscious a place as the Bay Area? What would it take to stop it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two Mill Valley spills seem to have resulted from a few different problems: overwhelmed capacity, failed alarms, operator error, and probably other factors, too. But the underlying cause is the same, and it’s true of many sewage systems in the Bay Area: These systems -- the pipes, the digesters, the pumps – are reaching the end of their useful lives. (Some of the older clay pipes were built in the 1850s!) Few cities are jumping to do the necessary upgrades, and who can blame them? What’s less sexy than an expensive, disruptive construction project that takes place mostly underground, out of sight?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as we say in the piece, we’ve done it before. Those who lived in the Bay Area before the 1970s may remember the stench of raw sewage drifting up through the car window as they crossed the Bay. Thanks to the Clean Water Act of 1972, the Bay is vastly cleaner than it used to be and there are far less spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what will it take to get cities to pony up the cash this time around? Baykeeper is taking the issue to the courts – you can read more about their Sick of Sewage campaign here: \u003ca href=\"http://www.baykeeper.org/\">http://www.baykeeper.org/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>You may \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">listen to the \"Sewage Happens\" Radio report\u003c/a> online, as well as find additional links and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/imp/icon_amys.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Amy Standen\u003c/strong> is a Reporter for QUEST and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/radio/\">Radio News\u003c/a> at KQED-FM.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1371081111,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":364},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's notes: Sewage Happens | KQED","description":"photo courtesy of the San Francisco Public Utilities CommissionWe’d had "aging infrastructure" on our story lists for some time when we first heard about the sewage spills in Mill Valley. When news came in that not just one, but two sewage spills had poured five million gallons of partially treated wastewater into Richardson Bay, we","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's notes: Sewage Happens","datePublished":"2008-02-22T03:11:16.000Z","dateModified":"2013-06-12T23:51:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"437 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/2008/02/21/sewage-happens/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/02/21/sewage-happens-2/","disqusTitle":"Reporter's notes: Sewage Happens","path":"/quest/437/sewage-happens-2","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/02/radio2-20_sewage3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>photo courtesy of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/em>\u003c/span>We’d had \"aging infrastructure\" on our story lists for some time when we first heard about the sewage spills in Mill Valley. When news came in that not just one, but two sewage spills had poured five million gallons of partially treated wastewater into \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson_Bay\">Richardson Bay\u003c/a>, we decided to move that story to the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those spills got a lot of coverage, including by KQED, so our question was a little broader. Were those spills an anomaly? (Answer: No, they were big, but not unusual.) And how does this happen in as eco-conscious a place as the Bay Area? What would it take to stop it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two Mill Valley spills seem to have resulted from a few different problems: overwhelmed capacity, failed alarms, operator error, and probably other factors, too. But the underlying cause is the same, and it’s true of many sewage systems in the Bay Area: These systems -- the pipes, the digesters, the pumps – are reaching the end of their useful lives. (Some of the older clay pipes were built in the 1850s!) Few cities are jumping to do the necessary upgrades, and who can blame them? What’s less sexy than an expensive, disruptive construction project that takes place mostly underground, out of sight?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as we say in the piece, we’ve done it before. Those who lived in the Bay Area before the 1970s may remember the stench of raw sewage drifting up through the car window as they crossed the Bay. Thanks to the Clean Water Act of 1972, the Bay is vastly cleaner than it used to be and there are far less spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what will it take to get cities to pony up the cash this time around? Baykeeper is taking the issue to the courts – you can read more about their Sick of Sewage campaign here: \u003ca href=\"http://www.baykeeper.org/\">http://www.baykeeper.org/\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>You may \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/view/761\">listen to the \"Sewage Happens\" Radio report\u003c/a> online, as well as find additional links and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/imp/icon_amys.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Amy Standen\u003c/strong> is a Reporter for QUEST and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/radio/\">Radio News\u003c/a> at KQED-FM.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/437/sewage-happens-2","authors":["210"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_438","quest_3351","quest_1586","quest_1827","quest_2211","quest_2257","quest_2349","quest_2487","quest_2530","quest_2600","quest_3103"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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