Side Trips from Interstate 5: Great Valley Rivers and Grasslands
Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley
Grazing a New Trail
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See them at the Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County. Photos by Andrew Alden","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"quest_32894":{"type":"attachments","id":"quest_32894","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"quest","id":"32894","found":true},"title":"cow_Bekker","publishDate":1331603500,"status":"inherit","parent":32892,"modified":1331603500,"caption":"Cattle ranching has a bad rap in the conservation community, but a new study suggests they can also be part of a solution. 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Bekker","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"andrew-alden":{"type":"authors","id":"6228","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6228","found":true},"name":"Andrew Alden","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Alden","slug":"andrew-alden","email":"alden@andrew-alden.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Andrew Alden earned his geology degree at the University of New Hampshire and moved back to the Bay Area to work at the U.S. Geological Survey for six years. He has \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/\">written on geology for About.com\u003c/a> since its founding in 1997. In 2007, he started the Oakland Geology blog, which won recognition as \"Best of the East Bay\" from the \u003ci>East Bay Express\u003c/i> in 2010. In writing about geology in the Bay Area and surroundings, he hopes to share some of the useful and pleasurable insights that geologists give us—not just facts about the deep past, but an attitude that might be called the \u003ci>deep present\u003c/i>.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/andrew-alden/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrew Alden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrew-alden"},"helentaylor":{"type":"authors","id":"10317","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10317","found":true},"name":"Helen Taylor","firstName":"Helen","lastName":"Taylor","slug":"helentaylor","email":"HTaylor@calacademy.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Helen Taylor is a communications manager at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>, where she has the unique privilege of working alongside a herd of scientists, colony of penguins and swarms of research specimens. A lifelong science and nature enthusiast, she built insect collections and solar-powered cars through high school before earning a BA in human development at UC San Diego, and an MA in strategic public relations at USC. In 4+ years at the Academy, she has discovered the importance of ants, the weight of a biodiversity map, and the value of a species survival program, and now sees the natural world in an entirely new light. She is also a jeweler, foodie, and newly-minted diver.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/39a9d018a398147d34193ebe00814637?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Helen Taylor | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/39a9d018a398147d34193ebe00814637?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/39a9d018a398147d34193ebe00814637?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/helentaylor"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_52178":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_52178","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"52178","score":null,"sort":[1365707162000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands","title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Great Valley Rivers and Grasslands","publishDate":1365707162,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Springtime is my favorite time to see the floor of the Great Valley. If the weather is fine, the temperatures are moderate and the mountains on both sides of the valley—the Coast Range and the Sierra Nevada—are visible wherever you can get a clear view of the horizon. Such were conditions when I took this side trip from I-5, which leaves the freeway at the Patterson exit, in Stanislaus County, and returns to it at the Mercey Springs Road exit, in Merced County. Along the way it crosses two of the Valley's major rivers and the heart of its wetlands. Both ends are at the dramatic uplifted front of the Coast Range, exposing the thick section of sedimentary rocks that lie beneath that flat valley floor and record its history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the route along with the geology (made, as usual, with the help of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/GMC/stategeologicmap.html\">interactive state geologic map\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52179\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/grassrivermaps/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52179\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52179\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps.png\" alt=\"Route map and geologic map.\" width=\"640\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps-400x344.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Great Valley Sequence rocks are upturned along the east edge of the Coast Range, increasing in age to the west: QPc, Quaternary-Pliocene continental sediment; E, Eocene marine rocks; Ep, Paleocene marine rocks; Ku, Cretaceous marine rocks. Qoa, aprons of old alluvium. The main valley floor is young alluvial sediment. The area east of Irwin is Ice Age sand from the Merced River. All photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drive through Patterson and get on Las Palmas Avenue. This may be the Valley's grandest allee of palm trees, although there's another one near Chowchilla you could see in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/\">another I-5 side trip\u003c/a>. (Note to geologists: Turlock has an excellent brewpub if your trip calls for one.) Once out of town, you enter some of California's hardest-working farmland, based on excellent soils and abundant water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of Turlock, keep an eye on the roadside and notice as the soil turns sandy. Just below the \"165\" mark, you cross the Merced River, which is responsible for all that sand, marked on the geologic map by the lighter patch. Here Hagaman County Park offers a good view of the river, which still flows at a good clip all this way from Yosemite Valley. Notice, too, the levee north of the river, which keeps the annual floods from spilling wide over the countryside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/mercedriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52181\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52181\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver.jpg\" alt=\"mercedriver\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of State Route 140 at the edge of the sand unit, the road crosses the San Joaquin River and enters the moist bottomland of the San Joaquin Valley. From here almost all the way to Los Banos is widespread tule marsh. Water is harvested from here and pumped to the San Luis Reservoir to regulate flow in the canals that serve the farms. That little squiggle of roadway west of 165 is actually the levee paths in Great Valley Grasslands State Park, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=25155\">six-mile walk\u003c/a> through a patch of the habitat that once covered vast stretches of the Valley. The path takes you along the San Joaquin River itself, much quieter than the Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/sjriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52183\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52183\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver.jpg\" alt=\"SJriver\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grasslands include some vernal pools: shallow basins that fill with water in the winter and dry out slowly over the course of the spring, offering habitat for a great variety of plants and animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/vernalpool/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52184\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52184\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool.jpg\" alt=\"vernalpool\" width=\"600\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool-400x233.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter was very dry, so the pools were not spectacular. As I walked I was reminded of William Brewer's \u003ca href=\"http://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2013/04/09/april-9-1863-kings-river/\">description of this country exactly 150 years earlier\u003c/a>: \"We rode upward of thirty miles without any tree or bush—except once a single small willow was visible for two hours, but we passed nearly two miles from it; it was a mere speck. Hour after hour we plodded on. The road was good but a dead level—no hill or ridge ten feet high relieved the even surface—no house, no tree—one hour was but like the next—it was like the ocean, but it depressed the spirits more.\" But then I spotted a nice patch of goldfields and gave my camera a treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/goldfields/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52185\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52185\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields.jpg\" alt=\"goldfields\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Banos, the Los Banos County Park just a few blocks west on route 152 has a museum, as well as bathrooms and shade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/hornito/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52186\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52186\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito.jpg\" alt=\"hornito\" width=\"500\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito-400x289.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Los Baños\" means \"the baths,\" and it got its name from the clear pools in Los Banos Creek where it leaves the Coast Range, so refreshing to Father Arroyo in the Mission days that he made a point of returning regularly. Today everyone has bathtubs and it's hard to imagine being excited by such a thing. Father Arroyo's baths were soon erased as the creek was dammed, an early step in the immense and still incomplete project of harnessing and managing California's water. Los Banos Creek Reservoir is just west of the lowest I-5 symbol on the map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steep face of the Laguna Seca Hills, eastern rampart of the Coast Range, looms as route 165 approaches the freeway again. Along the road you may notice long piles of white rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/diatomitepile/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52187\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52187\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile.jpg\" alt=\"diatomitepile\" width=\"600\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile-400x246.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pull over and take a look at some. It's \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/sedrockindex/diatomite.htm\">diatomite\u003c/a>, a styrofoam-light rock made exclusively of microscopic diatom shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/diatomite/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52188\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52188\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite.jpg\" alt=\"diatomite\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite-400x320.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This material testifies to a long-lived, quiet brackish or alkaline lake that existed here millions of years ago. Different accidents of tectonics have turned the Valley, at various times in the geologic past, into a freshwater lake, an inland sea or a dry desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quarry that yields this material is up in the Laguna Seca Hills just behind this view; you can see it in Google Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/lagunasecahills/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52189\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52189\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills.jpg\" alt=\"lagunasecahills\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state geologic map shows that the Laguna Seca Hills expose an unusually complete and compact cross section of the Great Valley Sequence. If only we could access the rocks! But it's private land, and anyway here's the freeway again.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It takes a million years to make a land this big and flat. Take a few hours to experience it.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366389096,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":957},"headData":{"title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Great Valley Rivers and Grasslands | KQED","description":"It takes a million years to make a land this big and flat. Take a few hours to experience it.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Great Valley Rivers and Grasslands","datePublished":"2013-04-11T19:06:02.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-19T16:31:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"52178 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=52178","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/","disqusTitle":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Great Valley Rivers and Grasslands","path":"/quest/52178/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Springtime is my favorite time to see the floor of the Great Valley. If the weather is fine, the temperatures are moderate and the mountains on both sides of the valley—the Coast Range and the Sierra Nevada—are visible wherever you can get a clear view of the horizon. Such were conditions when I took this side trip from I-5, which leaves the freeway at the Patterson exit, in Stanislaus County, and returns to it at the Mercey Springs Road exit, in Merced County. Along the way it crosses two of the Valley's major rivers and the heart of its wetlands. Both ends are at the dramatic uplifted front of the Coast Range, exposing the thick section of sedimentary rocks that lie beneath that flat valley floor and record its history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the route along with the geology (made, as usual, with the help of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/GMC/stategeologicmap.html\">interactive state geologic map\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52179\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/grassrivermaps/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52179\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52179\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps.png\" alt=\"Route map and geologic map.\" width=\"640\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps.png 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/grassrivermaps-400x344.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Great Valley Sequence rocks are upturned along the east edge of the Coast Range, increasing in age to the west: QPc, Quaternary-Pliocene continental sediment; E, Eocene marine rocks; Ep, Paleocene marine rocks; Ku, Cretaceous marine rocks. Qoa, aprons of old alluvium. The main valley floor is young alluvial sediment. The area east of Irwin is Ice Age sand from the Merced River. All photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Drive through Patterson and get on Las Palmas Avenue. This may be the Valley's grandest allee of palm trees, although there's another one near Chowchilla you could see in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/\">another I-5 side trip\u003c/a>. (Note to geologists: Turlock has an excellent brewpub if your trip calls for one.) Once out of town, you enter some of California's hardest-working farmland, based on excellent soils and abundant water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of Turlock, keep an eye on the roadside and notice as the soil turns sandy. Just below the \"165\" mark, you cross the Merced River, which is responsible for all that sand, marked on the geologic map by the lighter patch. Here Hagaman County Park offers a good view of the river, which still flows at a good clip all this way from Yosemite Valley. Notice, too, the levee north of the river, which keeps the annual floods from spilling wide over the countryside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/mercedriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52181\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52181\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver.jpg\" alt=\"mercedriver\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/mercedriver-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of State Route 140 at the edge of the sand unit, the road crosses the San Joaquin River and enters the moist bottomland of the San Joaquin Valley. From here almost all the way to Los Banos is widespread tule marsh. Water is harvested from here and pumped to the San Luis Reservoir to regulate flow in the canals that serve the farms. That little squiggle of roadway west of 165 is actually the levee paths in Great Valley Grasslands State Park, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=25155\">six-mile walk\u003c/a> through a patch of the habitat that once covered vast stretches of the Valley. The path takes you along the San Joaquin River itself, much quieter than the Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/sjriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52183\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52183\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver.jpg\" alt=\"SJriver\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/SJriver-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The grasslands include some vernal pools: shallow basins that fill with water in the winter and dry out slowly over the course of the spring, offering habitat for a great variety of plants and animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/vernalpool/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52184\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52184\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool.jpg\" alt=\"vernalpool\" width=\"600\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/vernalpool-400x233.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter was very dry, so the pools were not spectacular. As I walked I was reminded of William Brewer's \u003ca href=\"http://upanddowncalifornia.wordpress.com/2013/04/09/april-9-1863-kings-river/\">description of this country exactly 150 years earlier\u003c/a>: \"We rode upward of thirty miles without any tree or bush—except once a single small willow was visible for two hours, but we passed nearly two miles from it; it was a mere speck. Hour after hour we plodded on. The road was good but a dead level—no hill or ridge ten feet high relieved the even surface—no house, no tree—one hour was but like the next—it was like the ocean, but it depressed the spirits more.\" But then I spotted a nice patch of goldfields and gave my camera a treat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/goldfields/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52185\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52185\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields.jpg\" alt=\"goldfields\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/goldfields-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Banos, the Los Banos County Park just a few blocks west on route 152 has a museum, as well as bathrooms and shade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/hornito/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52186\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52186\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito.jpg\" alt=\"hornito\" width=\"500\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/hornito-400x289.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Los Baños\" means \"the baths,\" and it got its name from the clear pools in Los Banos Creek where it leaves the Coast Range, so refreshing to Father Arroyo in the Mission days that he made a point of returning regularly. Today everyone has bathtubs and it's hard to imagine being excited by such a thing. Father Arroyo's baths were soon erased as the creek was dammed, an early step in the immense and still incomplete project of harnessing and managing California's water. Los Banos Creek Reservoir is just west of the lowest I-5 symbol on the map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steep face of the Laguna Seca Hills, eastern rampart of the Coast Range, looms as route 165 approaches the freeway again. Along the road you may notice long piles of white rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/diatomitepile/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52187\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52187\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile.jpg\" alt=\"diatomitepile\" width=\"600\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomitepile-400x246.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pull over and take a look at some. It's \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/sedrockindex/diatomite.htm\">diatomite\u003c/a>, a styrofoam-light rock made exclusively of microscopic diatom shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/diatomite/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52188\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52188\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite.jpg\" alt=\"diatomite\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/diatomite-400x320.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This material testifies to a long-lived, quiet brackish or alkaline lake that existed here millions of years ago. Different accidents of tectonics have turned the Valley, at various times in the geologic past, into a freshwater lake, an inland sea or a dry desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quarry that yields this material is up in the Laguna Seca Hills just behind this view; you can see it in Google Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/11/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands/lagunasecahills/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52189\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-52189\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills.jpg\" alt=\"lagunasecahills\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/lagunasecahills-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state geologic map shows that the Laguna Seca Hills expose an unusually complete and compact cross section of the Great Valley Sequence. If only we could access the rocks! But it's private land, and anyway here's the freeway again.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/52178/side-trips-from-interstate-5-great-valley-rivers-and-grasslands","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_21","quest_11897","quest_11896","quest_11518","quest_11899","quest_11898","quest_33","quest_10793","quest_3814"],"featImg":"quest_52203","label":"quest"},"quest_38695":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_38695","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"38695","score":null,"sort":[1337911689000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley","title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley","publishDate":1337911689,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38698\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadfossil/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38698\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38698\" title=\"fairmeadfossil\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pleistocene bones abound beneath the Fairmead landfill near Chowchilla. See them at the Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My previous side trips from I-5 have involved rocks, but that's not all there is to geology. This suggested route, an alternative to taking I-5 straight south to Los Angeles, will expose you to the southern Great Valley's hydrology and many excellent, recently excavated fossils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by exiting at Santa Nella -- not to patronize the garish set of businesses there, but to take state route 152 east. You'll go all the way across the valley to Route 99, then south from there to the \"Grapevine\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you'll notice, if you haven't already, is the profusion of canals in the Valley. They come in all sizes, ranging from the Edmund G. Brown Aqueduct (that's the first one you cross) down to uncountable numbers of field ditches. There are natural streams, but most of the water you'll see is in canals. This one runs parallel to the San Joaquin River about 6 miles west of Dos Palos Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sjvcanal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38696\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38696\" title=\"SJVcanal\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal-400x303.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right next to it, the river that gave its name to the San Joaquin Valley was a sandy ditch in March during the rainy season. In good weather you'll be able to see mountains wherever you are, either the Coast Range on the west or the Sierra Nevada on the east (as seen here). I believe that there is no place in California where mountains are not visible if the air is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sanjoaquinriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38702\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38702\" title=\"sanjoaquinriver\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The far end of route 152 meets Route 99. I recommend the old-timey charm of Chowchilla just north of here for a road stop, but otherwise you'll turn south on 99 and take the very first exit to the \u003ca href=\"http://maderamammoths.org/\">Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fossilcenter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38701\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38701\" title=\"fossilcenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy Tsing Bardin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center is across the road from a sanitary landfill, and for a good reason: in 1996, diggers at the new Fairmead landfill uncovered a complete mammoth tusk. Soon it was realized that the site contained a world-class Irvingtonian fossil fauna dating from the mid-Pleistocene about half a million years ago. (There's a Bay Area connection here: the Irvingtonian is named for the wonderful bone beds unearthed in the East Bay's Irvington district during freeway construction in the 1940s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A paleontological foundation was set up and scientific ties established at nearby Cal State Fresno. Whenever the landfill operators open up a new pit, fossil scientists are on hand to harvest what they can. Bones of mammoths, wolves, sabertooth cats, horses, camels, ground sloths and many smaller creatures are stockpiled and studied at leisure between digs. The Fossil Discovery Center opened its doors in late 2010 and makes an excellent visit whatever your level of interest or expertise. Its outdoor \"Pleistocene Water Source\" exhibit makes it easy to imagine the lush scene in ancient times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadwaterexhibit/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38700\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38700\" title=\"fairmeadwaterexhibit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can sit out back, next to the fossil washing station, and cast your eye over the surrounding land. I was told that the center has options on some of this acreage, where thousands more fossils surely lie in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadgrounds/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38699\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38699\" title=\"fairmeadgrounds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds-400x257.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually you'll need to return to 99 and resume your journey. Another stop you should consider is in Bakersfield, where less than 5 miles east of the road on Stockdale Highway is the city's gracious new Riverwalk Park on the Kern River, which is still a vigorous stream here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/bakersfieldriverpark/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38697\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38697\" title=\"bakersfieldriverpark\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bakersfield has a lot going on. Another spot to consider visiting is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharktoothhill.org/\">Buena Vista Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>, home of superb fossils from nearby \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/fossilbasics/ss/Sharktooth-Hill.htm\">Sharktooth Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Central Valley has rocks and oil, but its geology also includes water and fossils. See them in this side trip during your next drive south.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1340306912,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":613},"headData":{"title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley | KQED","description":"The Central Valley has rocks and oil, but its geology also includes water and fossils. See them in this side trip during your next drive south.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley","datePublished":"2012-05-25T02:08:09.000Z","dateModified":"2012-06-21T19:28:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"38695 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=38695","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/","disqusTitle":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley","path":"/quest/38695/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38698\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadfossil/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38698\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38698\" title=\"fairmeadfossil\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pleistocene bones abound beneath the Fairmead landfill near Chowchilla. See them at the Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My previous side trips from I-5 have involved rocks, but that's not all there is to geology. This suggested route, an alternative to taking I-5 straight south to Los Angeles, will expose you to the southern Great Valley's hydrology and many excellent, recently excavated fossils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by exiting at Santa Nella -- not to patronize the garish set of businesses there, but to take state route 152 east. You'll go all the way across the valley to Route 99, then south from there to the \"Grapevine\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you'll notice, if you haven't already, is the profusion of canals in the Valley. They come in all sizes, ranging from the Edmund G. Brown Aqueduct (that's the first one you cross) down to uncountable numbers of field ditches. There are natural streams, but most of the water you'll see is in canals. This one runs parallel to the San Joaquin River about 6 miles west of Dos Palos Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sjvcanal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38696\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38696\" title=\"SJVcanal\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal-400x303.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right next to it, the river that gave its name to the San Joaquin Valley was a sandy ditch in March during the rainy season. In good weather you'll be able to see mountains wherever you are, either the Coast Range on the west or the Sierra Nevada on the east (as seen here). I believe that there is no place in California where mountains are not visible if the air is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sanjoaquinriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38702\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38702\" title=\"sanjoaquinriver\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The far end of route 152 meets Route 99. I recommend the old-timey charm of Chowchilla just north of here for a road stop, but otherwise you'll turn south on 99 and take the very first exit to the \u003ca href=\"http://maderamammoths.org/\">Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fossilcenter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38701\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38701\" title=\"fossilcenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy Tsing Bardin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center is across the road from a sanitary landfill, and for a good reason: in 1996, diggers at the new Fairmead landfill uncovered a complete mammoth tusk. Soon it was realized that the site contained a world-class Irvingtonian fossil fauna dating from the mid-Pleistocene about half a million years ago. (There's a Bay Area connection here: the Irvingtonian is named for the wonderful bone beds unearthed in the East Bay's Irvington district during freeway construction in the 1940s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A paleontological foundation was set up and scientific ties established at nearby Cal State Fresno. Whenever the landfill operators open up a new pit, fossil scientists are on hand to harvest what they can. Bones of mammoths, wolves, sabertooth cats, horses, camels, ground sloths and many smaller creatures are stockpiled and studied at leisure between digs. The Fossil Discovery Center opened its doors in late 2010 and makes an excellent visit whatever your level of interest or expertise. Its outdoor \"Pleistocene Water Source\" exhibit makes it easy to imagine the lush scene in ancient times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadwaterexhibit/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38700\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38700\" title=\"fairmeadwaterexhibit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can sit out back, next to the fossil washing station, and cast your eye over the surrounding land. I was told that the center has options on some of this acreage, where thousands more fossils surely lie in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadgrounds/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38699\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38699\" title=\"fairmeadgrounds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds-400x257.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually you'll need to return to 99 and resume your journey. Another stop you should consider is in Bakersfield, where less than 5 miles east of the road on Stockdale Highway is the city's gracious new Riverwalk Park on the Kern River, which is still a vigorous stream here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/bakersfieldriverpark/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38697\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38697\" title=\"bakersfieldriverpark\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bakersfield has a lot going on. Another spot to consider visiting is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharktoothhill.org/\">Buena Vista Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>, home of superb fossils from nearby \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/fossilbasics/ss/Sharktooth-Hill.htm\">Sharktooth Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/38695/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_11152","quest_3405","quest_1607","quest_1897","quest_2233","quest_13202","quest_33","quest_10793"],"featImg":"quest_38698","label":"quest"},"quest_32892":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_32892","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"32892","score":null,"sort":[1331622154000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"grazing-a-new-trail","title":"Grazing a New Trail","publishDate":1331622154,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32894\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/cow_bekker/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32894\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-32894\" title=\"cow_Bekker\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker.jpg\" alt=\"Cow grazing\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle ranching has a bad rap in the conservation community, but a new study suggests they can also be part of a solution. Image credit: Albert P. Bekker.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What's an ecologist to do when non-native plants have displaced native species and are disrupting an ecosystem? It has never been an easy question and won't become one any time soon. But as scientists monitor these situations over time, they learn more about what works and what doesn't. Galen Rathbun, a research associate at the California Academy of Sciences, and his colleagues at Cal State Bakersfield and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management have just published a paper in the Journal of Wildlife Management recommending a \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jwmg.316/abstract\">novel approach to managing arid lands in the San Joaquin Valley\u003c/a> to benefit the remarkable diversity of endangered lizards, kangaroo rats, and squirrels who call it home. Their proposed solution has four legs and moos: cattle. Livestock grazing has a bad rap in the conservation community as a practice which has caused great damage to large swaths of western North America, which is often true. However, these scientists suggest that well-managed livestock grazing can actually benefit small vertebrates by keeping non-native grasses under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley, which stretches from Kern County in southern California up to the southern end of the Sacramento Valley, has traditionally been managed as grassland, but species distribution data and historical evidence (like the writings of Spanish explorers and missionaries) suggests that before the introduction of farming, ranching and non-native grasses, the bulk of the region would have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.3375/043.031.0206\">more accurately classified as a desert\u003c/a>. If they're right, this has major impacts on conservation strategies for the threatened and endemic animals that live there. Since European settlers arrived, the valley's landscape has shifted from a desert dotted with saltbush to dense grassland and shrubland, dominated by non-native plants, cattle ranching and agricultural crops. Populations of native small vertebrates in the area are declining and one theory is that the altered vegetation plays a big role. Blunt-nosed leopard lizards, giant kangaroo rats, and other animals adapted to desert life are thought to have trouble moving through exotic dense grasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32903\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/giant_kangaroo_rat/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32903\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-32903\" title=\"giant_kangaroo_rat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/giant_kangaroo_rat-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Giant kangaroo rat in San Joaquin Valley\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ingens) are among the threatened and endangered species which stand to benefit from new and improved exotic grass management techniques in California's San Joaquin Valley. Photo credit: Galen Rathbun.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the ten-year study, the group monitored populations of key small vertebrate species on plots of land with and without managed grazing. They found grazing to have a neutral or positive effect on population size (not the negative effect expected by some), whereas the untouched control pastures saw little to no change. The idea that cattle grazing could be beneficial to the area's endemic and threatened species could really shake up future conservation strategies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire has been used as a management tool in the past to keep exotic grasses under control in the valley, but many desert plants are not fire-adapted, so the practice just perpetuates a grassland landscape, killing native perennial saltbushes. Grazing, on the other hand, would manage the grasses' growth, while allowing saltbush to reestablish itself, a presence that has been shown to favor western whiptail lizards and threatened \u003ca href=\"http://esrp.csustan.edu/publications/pubhtml.php?doc=sjvrp&file=chapter02M02.html\">San Joaquin antelope squirrels\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32918\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/whiptail03/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32918\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-32918\" title=\"Western_whiptail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Whiptail03-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Western whiptail lizard in San Joaquin Valley\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists also monitored populations of non-threatened species like the western whiptail lizards (Aspidoscelis tigris). Photo credit: Galen Rathbun.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another approach used by government and land conservation organizations trying to protect a threatened native species is to buy a piece of land, and promptly remove the cattle in an effort to return it to its \"natural\" state. However, without cows to keep the dense exotic grasses at bay, the native species meant to be protected lack suitable habitat, and can disappear anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Natural\" is one of those tricky concepts that's becoming harder and harder to define. Whether native or not, the species in any ecosystem are intertwined in complex ways. Removing one \"unnatural\" element is seldom enough. But is it realistic for the whole of California to go back to the landscapes of 200 years ago? Highly unlikely! Even if it were, the domino effect works in both ways, and there's no telling what unintended side effects such a shift would cause. As scientists, officials and citizens work to prioritize needs, the debates will rage on. I hope they'll remember that sometimes solutions come in unlikely packages. Just ask a cow in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In California's arid San Joaquin Valley, scientists propose a novel approach to managing the landscape to benefit the threatened lizards, kangaroo rats, and squirrels who call it home. Livestock grazing, often demonized in the conservation world, can actually help create livable habitat for smaller creatures when well-managed. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366753588,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":754},"headData":{"title":"Grazing a New Trail | KQED","description":"In California's arid San Joaquin Valley, scientists propose a novel approach to managing the landscape to benefit the threatened lizards, kangaroo rats, and squirrels who call it home. Livestock grazing, often demonized in the conservation world, can actually help create livable habitat for smaller creatures when well-managed. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Grazing a New Trail","datePublished":"2012-03-13T07:02:34.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T21:46:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"32892 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=32892","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/","disqusTitle":"Grazing a New Trail","path":"/quest/32892/grazing-a-new-trail","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32894\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/cow_bekker/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32894\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-32894\" title=\"cow_Bekker\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker.jpg\" alt=\"Cow grazing\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/cow_Bekker-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle ranching has a bad rap in the conservation community, but a new study suggests they can also be part of a solution. Image credit: Albert P. Bekker.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What's an ecologist to do when non-native plants have displaced native species and are disrupting an ecosystem? It has never been an easy question and won't become one any time soon. But as scientists monitor these situations over time, they learn more about what works and what doesn't. Galen Rathbun, a research associate at the California Academy of Sciences, and his colleagues at Cal State Bakersfield and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management have just published a paper in the Journal of Wildlife Management recommending a \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jwmg.316/abstract\">novel approach to managing arid lands in the San Joaquin Valley\u003c/a> to benefit the remarkable diversity of endangered lizards, kangaroo rats, and squirrels who call it home. Their proposed solution has four legs and moos: cattle. Livestock grazing has a bad rap in the conservation community as a practice which has caused great damage to large swaths of western North America, which is often true. However, these scientists suggest that well-managed livestock grazing can actually benefit small vertebrates by keeping non-native grasses under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley, which stretches from Kern County in southern California up to the southern end of the Sacramento Valley, has traditionally been managed as grassland, but species distribution data and historical evidence (like the writings of Spanish explorers and missionaries) suggests that before the introduction of farming, ranching and non-native grasses, the bulk of the region would have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.3375/043.031.0206\">more accurately classified as a desert\u003c/a>. If they're right, this has major impacts on conservation strategies for the threatened and endemic animals that live there. Since European settlers arrived, the valley's landscape has shifted from a desert dotted with saltbush to dense grassland and shrubland, dominated by non-native plants, cattle ranching and agricultural crops. Populations of native small vertebrates in the area are declining and one theory is that the altered vegetation plays a big role. Blunt-nosed leopard lizards, giant kangaroo rats, and other animals adapted to desert life are thought to have trouble moving through exotic dense grasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32903\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/giant_kangaroo_rat/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32903\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-32903\" title=\"giant_kangaroo_rat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/giant_kangaroo_rat-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Giant kangaroo rat in San Joaquin Valley\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ingens) are among the threatened and endangered species which stand to benefit from new and improved exotic grass management techniques in California's San Joaquin Valley. Photo credit: Galen Rathbun.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the ten-year study, the group monitored populations of key small vertebrate species on plots of land with and without managed grazing. They found grazing to have a neutral or positive effect on population size (not the negative effect expected by some), whereas the untouched control pastures saw little to no change. The idea that cattle grazing could be beneficial to the area's endemic and threatened species could really shake up future conservation strategies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire has been used as a management tool in the past to keep exotic grasses under control in the valley, but many desert plants are not fire-adapted, so the practice just perpetuates a grassland landscape, killing native perennial saltbushes. Grazing, on the other hand, would manage the grasses' growth, while allowing saltbush to reestablish itself, a presence that has been shown to favor western whiptail lizards and threatened \u003ca href=\"http://esrp.csustan.edu/publications/pubhtml.php?doc=sjvrp&file=chapter02M02.html\">San Joaquin antelope squirrels\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_32918\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/13/grazing-a-new-trail/whiptail03/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-32918\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-32918\" title=\"Western_whiptail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Whiptail03-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Western whiptail lizard in San Joaquin Valley\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists also monitored populations of non-threatened species like the western whiptail lizards (Aspidoscelis tigris). Photo credit: Galen Rathbun.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another approach used by government and land conservation organizations trying to protect a threatened native species is to buy a piece of land, and promptly remove the cattle in an effort to return it to its \"natural\" state. However, without cows to keep the dense exotic grasses at bay, the native species meant to be protected lack suitable habitat, and can disappear anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Natural\" is one of those tricky concepts that's becoming harder and harder to define. Whether native or not, the species in any ecosystem are intertwined in complex ways. Removing one \"unnatural\" element is seldom enough. But is it realistic for the whole of California to go back to the landscapes of 200 years ago? Highly unlikely! Even if it were, the domino effect works in both ways, and there's no telling what unintended side effects such a shift would cause. As scientists, officials and citizens work to prioritize needs, the debates will rage on. I hope they'll remember that sometimes solutions come in unlikely packages. Just ask a cow in the San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/32892/grazing-a-new-trail","authors":["10317"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_326","quest_3309","quest_10796","quest_3502","quest_10795","quest_716","quest_10794","quest_10799","quest_10798","quest_3351","quest_3307","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_10793","quest_10797"],"featImg":"quest_32894","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. 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