Geological Outings Around the Bay: Sunol Regional Wilderness
Geological Outings Around the Bay: Alum Rock Park
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Both it and the smaller hill at center are composed of Temblor Formation sandstone. Photo by Andrew Alden","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"quest_41178":{"type":"attachments","id":"quest_41178","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"quest","id":"41178","found":true},"title":"sunoltop","publishDate":1342726812,"status":"inherit","parent":41176,"modified":1342726812,"caption":"Flag Hill, made up of fossiliferous sandstone of the Briones Formation, overlooks the Sunol Regional Wilderness. Photos by Andrew Alden","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-400x225.jpg","width":400,"height":225,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop.jpg","width":640,"height":360}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"quest_13638":{"type":"attachments","id":"quest_13638","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"quest","id":"13638","found":true},"title":"alumrocksig","publishDate":1302200305,"status":"inherit","parent":13629,"modified":1302200305,"caption":null,"credit":null,"description":"\u003cp class=\"attachment\">\u003ca href='http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2.jpg' title='alumrocksig'>\u003cimg width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium\" alt=\"alumrocksig\" title=\"alumrocksig\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>","imgSizes":{"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2-75x75.jpg","width":75,"height":75,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2.jpg","width":300,"height":200}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"andrew-alden":{"type":"authors","id":"6228","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6228","found":true},"name":"Andrew Alden","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Alden","slug":"andrew-alden","email":"alden@andrew-alden.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Andrew Alden earned his geology degree at the University of New Hampshire and moved back to the Bay Area to work at the U.S. Geological Survey for six years. He has \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/\">written on geology for About.com\u003c/a> since its founding in 1997. In 2007, he started the Oakland Geology blog, which won recognition as \"Best of the East Bay\" from the \u003ci>East Bay Express\u003c/i> in 2010. In writing about geology in the Bay Area and surroundings, he hopes to share some of the useful and pleasurable insights that geologists give us—not just facts about the deep past, but an attitude that might be called the \u003ci>deep present\u003c/i>.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/andrew-alden/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrew Alden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrew-alden"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_53213":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_53213","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"53213","score":null,"sort":[1366935583000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir","title":"Landslide at the Calaveras Reservoir","publishDate":1366935583,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Big construction projects are rarely straightforward. The new San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge is a prime example, thanks to unexpected problems with the steel. But there, at least, nature was not to blame. This week a long-running dam project made the news when a geological discovery forced the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to move millions of dollars around and push back its schedule by three years. Big excavations are like exploratory surgery, no matter how carefully planned, because mapping the underground is never certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Calaveras Reservoir dam, east of Milpitas, is a massive earthen structure built across Calaveras Creek in 1925. These traditional dam designs are generally robust—the Crystal Springs Reservoir on the Peninsula has one that easily weathered the 1906 earthquake while the fault moved beneath it. However, the Calaveras Dam needed more work. The reservoir needs to be a reliable six-month backup water supply in case the Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct is out of action. And what could damage the aqueduct? Among other things, a major earthquake on the Calaveras fault, which happens to run right under the Calaveras Reservoir next to the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan for meeting this dire scenario was to build a new dam just downstream of the old one. It will use the existing hills on either side of the creek as buttresses and be largely made of the rock excavated from the hills. The work was proceeding without incident until June of last year when excavators on the western buttress found signs of a huge, ancient landslide in the Temblor Formation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutting into the hillslope under those circumstances would risk reactivating the slide, which could endanger the workers and threaten the new dam ever afterward. So now they will cut deeper to create a shallower slope, producing about a million and a half cubic yards of extra rubble and pushing the construction schedule back three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a view of the project as seen looking south from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/\">Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a> in July 2012. The reservoir, its water level drawn down for safety reasons, is just visible between the two cuts making up the buttresses for the new dam. The cut on the left (the right bank of Calaveras Creek) is in bluish metamorphic rock of the Franciscan Complex, and the cut on the right is in the much younger brown sandstone of the Temblor Formation. (The chopped-up hill in the middle is downstream from the dam site; the creek runs around it on the left side.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdam/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53214\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam.jpg\" alt=\"Calaveras Dam project\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53214\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hill on the right, where the landslide was discovered, is Observation Hill. Both it and the smaller hill at center are composed of Temblor Formation sandstone. Photo by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The landslide was discovered in the Temblor Formation. Here's the part of the Alameda County geologic map that covers the area. The photo above was taken from roughly the \"25\" mark at the top of the map. The solid black lines running north-south down the middle are major strands of the Calaveras fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdamgeomap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53215\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap.png\" alt=\"Geologic map of the Calaveras Dam area.\" width=\"600\" height=\"341\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53215\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap-400x227.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From oldest to youngest: KJfm, Franciscan melange; Ks, sandstone of Cretaceous age; Ttem, Temblor Formation (Miocene age); Tcs, Claremont Shale (cousin of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/29/the-mighty-monterey-formation-in-your-future/\">Monterey Formation\u003c/a>); To, Oursan Sandstone; Tbr, Briones Formation.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The amended dam plan, filed with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission last December, shows an east-west cross section of the dam site. The extra digging will happen on the left side to create a slope that is less steep and more stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdamdiagram/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53216\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram.jpg\" alt=\"From the Addendum to Environmental Impact Report (Dec. 13, 2012), San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53216\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From the Addendum to Environmental Impact Report (Dec. 13, 2012), San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I have to say a little about the Temblor Formation, which occurs mostly in the southern Central Valley beneath the Monterey Formation. It gets its name from the Temblor Range, where its type section was described. And the Temblor Range got its name after the great 1857 earthquake ripped through the area. It's a coarse-grained marine sandstone full of fossils, and this spot appears to be its northernmost outcrop—right next to another earthquake fault. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Temblor is strong stone, but landslides can affect any kind of rock if it's fractured enough. And around major faults like the Calaveras, everything can be assumed to be fractured. The mountains of the Bay Area look beautiful and strong, but watch them for a few thousand years and you'll find them rather crumbly. Alternatively, scientists with the right equipment can survey the ground with millimeter precision. In the Bay Area's steeper hills they have detected many large, old landslides that are creeping very slowly, as they have for centuries. Maybe the landslide at the dam site was just pausing for breath. Better for the Calaveras Reservoir project to get this one out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The long-running dam replacement project must pause to deal with a sleeping monster.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1367424358,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":797},"headData":{"title":"Landslide at the Calaveras Reservoir | KQED","description":"The long-running dam replacement project must pause to deal with a sleeping monster.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Landslide at the Calaveras Reservoir","datePublished":"2013-04-26T00:19:43.000Z","dateModified":"2013-05-01T16:05:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"53213 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=53213","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/","disqusTitle":"Landslide at the Calaveras Reservoir","path":"/quest/53213/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Big construction projects are rarely straightforward. The new San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge is a prime example, thanks to unexpected problems with the steel. But there, at least, nature was not to blame. This week a long-running dam project made the news when a geological discovery forced the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission to move millions of dollars around and push back its schedule by three years. Big excavations are like exploratory surgery, no matter how carefully planned, because mapping the underground is never certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Calaveras Reservoir dam, east of Milpitas, is a massive earthen structure built across Calaveras Creek in 1925. These traditional dam designs are generally robust—the Crystal Springs Reservoir on the Peninsula has one that easily weathered the 1906 earthquake while the fault moved beneath it. However, the Calaveras Dam needed more work. The reservoir needs to be a reliable six-month backup water supply in case the Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct is out of action. And what could damage the aqueduct? Among other things, a major earthquake on the Calaveras fault, which happens to run right under the Calaveras Reservoir next to the dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan for meeting this dire scenario was to build a new dam just downstream of the old one. It will use the existing hills on either side of the creek as buttresses and be largely made of the rock excavated from the hills. The work was proceeding without incident until June of last year when excavators on the western buttress found signs of a huge, ancient landslide in the Temblor Formation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cutting into the hillslope under those circumstances would risk reactivating the slide, which could endanger the workers and threaten the new dam ever afterward. So now they will cut deeper to create a shallower slope, producing about a million and a half cubic yards of extra rubble and pushing the construction schedule back three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a view of the project as seen looking south from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/\">Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a> in July 2012. The reservoir, its water level drawn down for safety reasons, is just visible between the two cuts making up the buttresses for the new dam. The cut on the left (the right bank of Calaveras Creek) is in bluish metamorphic rock of the Franciscan Complex, and the cut on the right is in the much younger brown sandstone of the Temblor Formation. (The chopped-up hill in the middle is downstream from the dam site; the creek runs around it on the left side.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdam/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53214\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam.jpg\" alt=\"Calaveras Dam project\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53214\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdam-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hill on the right, where the landslide was discovered, is Observation Hill. Both it and the smaller hill at center are composed of Temblor Formation sandstone. Photo by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The landslide was discovered in the Temblor Formation. Here's the part of the Alameda County geologic map that covers the area. The photo above was taken from roughly the \"25\" mark at the top of the map. The solid black lines running north-south down the middle are major strands of the Calaveras fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdamgeomap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53215\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap.png\" alt=\"Geologic map of the Calaveras Dam area.\" width=\"600\" height=\"341\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53215\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamgeomap-400x227.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From oldest to youngest: KJfm, Franciscan melange; Ks, sandstone of Cretaceous age; Ttem, Temblor Formation (Miocene age); Tcs, Claremont Shale (cousin of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/29/the-mighty-monterey-formation-in-your-future/\">Monterey Formation\u003c/a>); To, Oursan Sandstone; Tbr, Briones Formation.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The amended dam plan, filed with the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission last December, shows an east-west cross section of the dam site. The extra digging will happen on the left side to create a slope that is less steep and more stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_53216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/04/25/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir/calaverasdamdiagram/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-53216\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram.jpg\" alt=\"From the Addendum to Environmental Impact Report (Dec. 13, 2012), San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53216\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/04/calaverasdamdiagram-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From the Addendum to Environmental Impact Report (Dec. 13, 2012), San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I have to say a little about the Temblor Formation, which occurs mostly in the southern Central Valley beneath the Monterey Formation. It gets its name from the Temblor Range, where its type section was described. And the Temblor Range got its name after the great 1857 earthquake ripped through the area. It's a coarse-grained marine sandstone full of fossils, and this spot appears to be its northernmost outcrop—right next to another earthquake fault. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Temblor is strong stone, but landslides can affect any kind of rock if it's fractured enough. And around major faults like the Calaveras, everything can be assumed to be fractured. The mountains of the Bay Area look beautiful and strong, but watch them for a few thousand years and you'll find them rather crumbly. Alternatively, scientists with the right equipment can survey the ground with millimeter precision. In the Bay Area's steeper hills they have detected many large, old landslides that are creeping very slowly, as they have for centuries. Maybe the landslide at the dam site was just pausing for breath. Better for the Calaveras Reservoir project to get this one out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/53213/landslide-at-the-calaveras-reservoir","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3492","quest_3608","quest_1608","quest_13202","quest_9979"],"featImg":"quest_53214","label":"quest"},"quest_41176":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_41176","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"41176","score":null,"sort":[1342730570000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness","title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Sunol Regional Wilderness","publishDate":1342730570,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41178\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunoltop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41178\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunoltop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41178\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flag Hill, made up of fossiliferous sandstone of the Briones Formation, overlooks the Sunol Regional Wilderness. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/sunol/\">Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a>, part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/\">East Bay Regional Park District\u003c/a>, is a great place for many different students of nature and lovers of the outdoors. Here's how it looks to geology aficionados.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park is near the village of Sunol, south of where state route 84 meets Interstate 680. As you approach the park on Calaveras Road, you are driving pretty much directly on the Calaveras fault, which stretches from the Hollister area north past Pleasanton. It's due east of Fremont, behind Mission and Monument Peaks. That set of mountains is a splinter of crustal rocks raised by the interaction of the Calaveras and Hayward faults on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park's bedrock geology is a mixture of relatively young marine sandstone and metamorphic rocks of the much older Franciscan Complex (map from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-252/almap.pdf\">USGS OF96-252\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolmap2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41181\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolmap2\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41181\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunol Regional Wilderness is east of the Calaveras fault. LY, Little Yosemite; FH, Flag Hill; P, southern parking lot. Tan colors are young sandstones of the Briones Formation and related units; green is Great Valley Sequence sandstone of Cretaceous age; blues and purples are Franciscan rocks including melange, graywacke (sandstone) and serpentinite.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The area, like the rest of the Bay Area, has a complex and continuing history of uplift and erosion and sideways movement on our major strike-slip faults. There are occasional bedrock terraces like this one that mark previous levels of Alameda Creek, at times when it had the leisure to cut its streambed wide into the surrounding hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolterrace/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41185\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolterrace\" width=\"600\" height=\"424\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41185\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace-400x283.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a thin veneer of stream gravel lies solid bedrock: a stream-cut platform.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The eastern part of the park is archetypical Franciscan melange country, like that found up and down the Diablo Range. Melange is an intimate mixture of sandstone, basalt, chert and serpentinite, the four major Franciscan rock types. The land it underlies is an intricate set of slopes and peaks, laced with old and young landslide scars and dotted with \"knockers\" of resistant rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolknocker/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41180\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolknocker\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41180\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melange country, with the Mission Hills beyond the Calaveras fault. Note the radio towers of Monument and Mission Peaks.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the complexity underneath can be seen in this detailed geologic map prepared by Franciscan specialist John Wakabayashi of Cal State Fresno (\u003ca href=\"http://sanjoaquingeologicalsociety.org/presentation/2011SJGSMelanges_sm.ppt\">from a 2011 Powerpoint presentation\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 697px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolmap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41182\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolmap\" width=\"697\" height=\"715\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41182\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap.png 697w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap-400x410.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap-32x32.png 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 697px) 100vw, 697px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click the map for the full-size version.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Serpentinite and related high-grade metamorphic rocks thread through the land like the dark in a marble cake. The photo doesn't do justice to the blue of the serpentinite in this exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41184\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolserp/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41184\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolserp\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Upper reaches of the \"W\" Tree Rock Scramble.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you take yourself off the trail into these hills, watch for snakes and poison oak, but also be on the lookout for beauties like this garnet amphibolite among the knockers. It's just as blue as new jeans. (Admire it, but don't hammer it. Collecting is forbidden in all parks.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolamph/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41179\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolamph\" width=\"600\" height=\"425\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-41179\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph-400x283.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details and structures of Sunol's rocks are yielding new insights to students of the Franciscan. That is scientifically important because the Franciscan is a major part of the subduction zone in California, which in turn is the world's best example of subduction-related rocks. Sunol, therefore, is a star player at the frontier of plate tectonics itself.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Franciscan rocks of Sunol Regional Wilderness are star players at the frontier of plate tectonics.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1344279280,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":558},"headData":{"title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Sunol Regional Wilderness | KQED","description":"The Franciscan rocks of Sunol Regional Wilderness are star players at the frontier of plate tectonics.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Sunol Regional Wilderness","datePublished":"2012-07-19T20:42:50.000Z","dateModified":"2012-08-06T18:54:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"41176 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=41176","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/","disqusTitle":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Sunol Regional Wilderness","path":"/quest/41176/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41178\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunoltop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41178\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunoltop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41178\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunoltop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flag Hill, made up of fossiliferous sandstone of the Briones Formation, overlooks the Sunol Regional Wilderness. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/sunol/\">Sunol Regional Wilderness\u003c/a>, part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/\">East Bay Regional Park District\u003c/a>, is a great place for many different students of nature and lovers of the outdoors. Here's how it looks to geology aficionados.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park is near the village of Sunol, south of where state route 84 meets Interstate 680. As you approach the park on Calaveras Road, you are driving pretty much directly on the Calaveras fault, which stretches from the Hollister area north past Pleasanton. It's due east of Fremont, behind Mission and Monument Peaks. That set of mountains is a splinter of crustal rocks raised by the interaction of the Calaveras and Hayward faults on either side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park's bedrock geology is a mixture of relatively young marine sandstone and metamorphic rocks of the much older Franciscan Complex (map from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-252/almap.pdf\">USGS OF96-252\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolmap2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41181\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolmap2\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41181\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2.png 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap2-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunol Regional Wilderness is east of the Calaveras fault. LY, Little Yosemite; FH, Flag Hill; P, southern parking lot. Tan colors are young sandstones of the Briones Formation and related units; green is Great Valley Sequence sandstone of Cretaceous age; blues and purples are Franciscan rocks including melange, graywacke (sandstone) and serpentinite.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The area, like the rest of the Bay Area, has a complex and continuing history of uplift and erosion and sideways movement on our major strike-slip faults. There are occasional bedrock terraces like this one that mark previous levels of Alameda Creek, at times when it had the leisure to cut its streambed wide into the surrounding hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolterrace/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41185\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolterrace\" width=\"600\" height=\"424\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41185\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolterrace-400x283.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beneath a thin veneer of stream gravel lies solid bedrock: a stream-cut platform.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The eastern part of the park is archetypical Franciscan melange country, like that found up and down the Diablo Range. Melange is an intimate mixture of sandstone, basalt, chert and serpentinite, the four major Franciscan rock types. The land it underlies is an intricate set of slopes and peaks, laced with old and young landslide scars and dotted with \"knockers\" of resistant rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolknocker/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41180\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolknocker\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41180\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolknocker-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melange country, with the Mission Hills beyond the Calaveras fault. Note the radio towers of Monument and Mission Peaks.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the complexity underneath can be seen in this detailed geologic map prepared by Franciscan specialist John Wakabayashi of Cal State Fresno (\u003ca href=\"http://sanjoaquingeologicalsociety.org/presentation/2011SJGSMelanges_sm.ppt\">from a 2011 Powerpoint presentation\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 697px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolmap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41182\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolmap\" width=\"697\" height=\"715\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41182\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap.png 697w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap-400x410.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolmap-32x32.png 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 697px) 100vw, 697px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click the map for the full-size version.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Serpentinite and related high-grade metamorphic rocks thread through the land like the dark in a marble cake. The photo doesn't do justice to the blue of the serpentinite in this exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41184\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolserp/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41184\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolserp\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-41184\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolserp-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Upper reaches of the \"W\" Tree Rock Scramble.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you take yourself off the trail into these hills, watch for snakes and poison oak, but also be on the lookout for beauties like this garnet amphibolite among the knockers. It's just as blue as new jeans. (Admire it, but don't hammer it. Collecting is forbidden in all parks.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness/sunolamph/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41179\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"sunolamph\" width=\"600\" height=\"425\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-41179\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/sunolamph-400x283.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details and structures of Sunol's rocks are yielding new insights to students of the Franciscan. That is scientifically important because the Franciscan is a major part of the subduction zone in California, which in turn is the world's best example of subduction-related rocks. Sunol, therefore, is a star player at the frontier of plate tectonics itself.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/41176/geological-outings-around-the-bay-sunol-regional-wilderness","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3492","quest_3580","quest_13200","quest_13202","quest_3747","quest_2589","quest_2590","quest_9979"],"featImg":"quest_41178","label":"quest"},"quest_13629":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_13629","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"13629","score":null,"sort":[1302205915000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"geological-outings-around-the-bay-alum-rock-park","title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Alum Rock Park","publishDate":1302205915,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2.jpg\" alt=\"hot springs\" class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Mineral springs, fresh air, and a cross-section of South Bay history—not to mention its rocks—are all on display at Alum Rock Park. All photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sjparks.org/regional/alumrock.asp\">Alum Rock Park\u003c/a> occupies the small, steep valley of Penitencia Creek carved into the hills east of San Jose. The city has owned it since 1872, when it became California's first city park. For a generation it was a major regional attraction for its warm mineral springs and the entertainment complex surrounding them, of which only traces remain today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today it's a great place to get away from the city's hustle while pretending you're still at the office (except on Mondays, when it's closed). But if you put away the phone and pay attention to your surroundings, Alum Rock Park can show you some of San Jose's deep history and the Bay Area's rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If nothing else, the park provides good views to the west over the Santa Clara Valley from its higher trails. You can choose from a warm south-facing slope and a cool north-facing one, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockview2.jpg\" alt=\"santa clara valley view\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have a look at the geologic map of the area (from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-795/\">USGS Open-File Map 98-795\u003c/a>) below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockmap2.png\" alt=\"alum rock park geologic map\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Penitencia Creek comes downhill from the right center and exits on the lower left. The park entrance is right at the edge of bedrock (Kbc, conglomerate of the Berryessa Formation), and the uppermost parking area is at the Tcc (Claremont Formation) mark. Hiking trails run along both sides of the creek giving you a good look at all the rock units from the park entrance to the Briones Formation (Tbr) on the right. Let's see some, starting with the conglomerate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockcong2.jpg\" alt=\"conglomerate\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This very coarse grained rock and its related sandstone in the Berryessa Formation are part of the Great Valley Sequence, thick beds of sedimentary rock built up while the Sierra Nevada was intruding all that granite, back around 100 million years ago in Cretaceous time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the boulder is Eagle Rock, which corresponds to the pinkish blob surrounded by landslides to the right of the \"Kbc\" label. You can climb up there or stroll through the other outcrop labeled Jbk. The rock itself is well-traveled volcanic material that has been permeated and altered by hot mineralizing fluids. Here's a chunk of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alum-rock2.jpg\" alt=\"alum rock\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large outcrop along the creek gives the park its name. An early visitor mistook the whitish crust on these rocks as alum, which would have been a nice find at the time. It's actually sulfate minerals, but the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther upstream, just past the visitor center, is where the mineral spring zone begins. On the geologic map, it corresponds to the exposure of Claremont Formation (Tcc), a belt of ribbon chert of Miocene age (about 10 million years) familiar in the East Bay Hills. Here the chert is dark with organic matter and its beds are upturned almost to vertical. That combination of chemistry and structure has given rise to warm upwellings of chemically interesting groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksprings2.jpg\" alt=\"alum rock springs\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more than 20 different springs here, each with a nice stone housing. The ones I dipped my fingers into were bathtub-warm, and the water is sulfur-scented. A hundred years ago Alum Rock Park was a big health spa, with a rail line direct from downtown. That was when the stonework was done. You can see where seepage has built up cones of minerals on the lower wall. All of the springs issue from the Claremont chert—here's a closeup of the chert and the mineral crust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumchert2.jpg\" alt=\"chert and crust\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all that excitement you may want to continue upstream, into the structurally overlying and younger Briones Formation. This set of rocks is coarser grained than the Claremont, deposited nearer to shore. The other way to look at it is that the shoreline grew closer to this spot as geologic time progressed. This is a well-scrubbed outcrop in the stream bed that shows its bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumbrionescrop2.jpg\" alt=\"briones formation\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parts of the Briones are so full of fossils that the rock is best described as shell hash. You'll see this same stone at Lime Ridge in Walnut Creek and other places in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumbrioneshash2.jpg\" alt=\"shell hash\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This whole belt of rocks lies in the zone where the Hayward fault merges with the Calaveras fault. On the map above, the Calaveras runs down the right edge of the Briones Formation, between the Calaveras and Anderson Reservoirs. The Hayward fault formally ends a few miles northwest, but the many smaller faults marked as heavy lines are of the same ilk and reflect the same tectonics. Friction along the faults may account for the warmth of the springs, just one more way that the deep Earth affects us in our region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also check out QUEST's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/exploration/alum-rock-exploration\">Alum Rock Science Hike\u003c/a> for more info.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.397 -121.798\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A hundred years ago Alum Rock Park was a big health spa, with a rail line direct from downtown to the warm mineral springs. Today the springs still run among the upturned rocks between the Hayward and Calaveras faults.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1311134621,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":818},"headData":{"title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Alum Rock Park | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Alum Rock Park","datePublished":"2011-04-07T19:51:55.000Z","dateModified":"2011-07-20T04:03:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"13629 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=13629","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/07/geological-outings-around-the-bay-alum-rock-park/","disqusTitle":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Alum Rock Park","path":"/quest/13629/geological-outings-around-the-bay-alum-rock-park","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksig2.jpg\" alt=\"hot springs\" class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Mineral springs, fresh air, and a cross-section of South Bay history—not to mention its rocks—are all on display at Alum Rock Park. All photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sjparks.org/regional/alumrock.asp\">Alum Rock Park\u003c/a> occupies the small, steep valley of Penitencia Creek carved into the hills east of San Jose. The city has owned it since 1872, when it became California's first city park. For a generation it was a major regional attraction for its warm mineral springs and the entertainment complex surrounding them, of which only traces remain today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today it's a great place to get away from the city's hustle while pretending you're still at the office (except on Mondays, when it's closed). But if you put away the phone and pay attention to your surroundings, Alum Rock Park can show you some of San Jose's deep history and the Bay Area's rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If nothing else, the park provides good views to the west over the Santa Clara Valley from its higher trails. You can choose from a warm south-facing slope and a cool north-facing one, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockview2.jpg\" alt=\"santa clara valley view\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have a look at the geologic map of the area (from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-795/\">USGS Open-File Map 98-795\u003c/a>) below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockmap2.png\" alt=\"alum rock park geologic map\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Penitencia Creek comes downhill from the right center and exits on the lower left. The park entrance is right at the edge of bedrock (Kbc, conglomerate of the Berryessa Formation), and the uppermost parking area is at the Tcc (Claremont Formation) mark. Hiking trails run along both sides of the creek giving you a good look at all the rock units from the park entrance to the Briones Formation (Tbr) on the right. Let's see some, starting with the conglomerate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrockcong2.jpg\" alt=\"conglomerate\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This very coarse grained rock and its related sandstone in the Berryessa Formation are part of the Great Valley Sequence, thick beds of sedimentary rock built up while the Sierra Nevada was intruding all that granite, back around 100 million years ago in Cretaceous time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the boulder is Eagle Rock, which corresponds to the pinkish blob surrounded by landslides to the right of the \"Kbc\" label. You can climb up there or stroll through the other outcrop labeled Jbk. The rock itself is well-traveled volcanic material that has been permeated and altered by hot mineralizing fluids. Here's a chunk of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alum-rock2.jpg\" alt=\"alum rock\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large outcrop along the creek gives the park its name. An early visitor mistook the whitish crust on these rocks as alum, which would have been a nice find at the time. It's actually sulfate minerals, but the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther upstream, just past the visitor center, is where the mineral spring zone begins. On the geologic map, it corresponds to the exposure of Claremont Formation (Tcc), a belt of ribbon chert of Miocene age (about 10 million years) familiar in the East Bay Hills. Here the chert is dark with organic matter and its beds are upturned almost to vertical. That combination of chemistry and structure has given rise to warm upwellings of chemically interesting groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumrocksprings2.jpg\" alt=\"alum rock springs\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more than 20 different springs here, each with a nice stone housing. The ones I dipped my fingers into were bathtub-warm, and the water is sulfur-scented. A hundred years ago Alum Rock Park was a big health spa, with a rail line direct from downtown. That was when the stonework was done. You can see where seepage has built up cones of minerals on the lower wall. All of the springs issue from the Claremont chert—here's a closeup of the chert and the mineral crust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumchert2.jpg\" alt=\"chert and crust\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all that excitement you may want to continue upstream, into the structurally overlying and younger Briones Formation. This set of rocks is coarser grained than the Claremont, deposited nearer to shore. The other way to look at it is that the shoreline grew closer to this spot as geologic time progressed. This is a well-scrubbed outcrop in the stream bed that shows its bedding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumbrionescrop2.jpg\" alt=\"briones formation\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parts of the Briones are so full of fossils that the rock is best described as shell hash. You'll see this same stone at Lime Ridge in Walnut Creek and other places in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/alumbrioneshash2.jpg\" alt=\"shell hash\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This whole belt of rocks lies in the zone where the Hayward fault merges with the Calaveras fault. On the map above, the Calaveras runs down the right edge of the Briones Formation, between the Calaveras and Anderson Reservoirs. The Hayward fault formally ends a few miles northwest, but the many smaller faults marked as heavy lines are of the same ilk and reflect the same tectonics. Friction along the faults may account for the warmth of the springs, just one more way that the deep Earth affects us in our region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also check out QUEST's \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/exploration/alum-rock-exploration\">Alum Rock Science Hike\u003c/a> for more info.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.397 -121.798\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/13629/geological-outings-around-the-bay-alum-rock-park","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3454","quest_3492","quest_3507","quest_3528","quest_3535","quest_3405","quest_1325","quest_1374","quest_3669","quest_2493","quest_3800"],"featImg":"quest_13638","label":"quest"},"quest_12264":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_12264","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"12264","score":null,"sort":[1297962010000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"befriend-your-local-fault","title":"Friend Your Local Fault","publishDate":1297962010,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/riedelsoakland2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/riedelsoakland2.jpg\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"5\" width=\"300\" alt=\"Hayward fault\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003csub>The Hayward fault crosses Oakland's Temescal Regional Park. Photo courtesy Andrew Alden\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>When they hear the word \"geology,\" many people's first response is \"earthquakes.\" Various earthquake faults lurk around us, out of mind until the day they make history as they did in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1868/\">1868\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1906/\">1906\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1989/\">1989\u003c/a> and on many lesser occasions. Geologists fear faults as much as anyone else, but they also appreciate that the tectonic movements of earthquakes, repeated thousands of times, have built and continue to maintain our distinctive landscape. And the land in turn has shaped the microclimates and soils that support our great variety of habitats. Without earthquakes, this wouldn't be California. Faults are part of our geologic infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/earthquakes-breaking-new-ground\">Earthquakes will never be as predictable\u003c/a> as the weather, I think it's safe to say, but if you get to know your nearest faults then earthquakes will be less of a surprise. When our local faults rupture, you will be less likely to panic and more likely to get through the event unscathed. So when I urge you to friend a fault, it's not to infect you with a scientific hobby but to bring you a lasting practical benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fault is a crack that has had movement along it. Geologists find them everywhere, and geologic maps are festooned with them. Almost all of them are inactive, though, and they're generally obscure even to practiced eyes. You can see what I mean on the U.S. Geological Survey's \u003ca href=\"http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/sfgeo/geologic/details.html\">zoomable geologic map of the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontgeomap2.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12266\" title=\"fremontgeomap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontgeomap2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"308\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003cem>\u003csub>US Geological Survey image\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a part of it showing the area around Fremont. We can't be expected to worry about every heavy line, can we? Thankfully, no; and not the colors and symbols either. That's geology stuff: bedrock and contacts between stratigraphic units. But the two heaviest lines are important. On the left is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-hayward-fault-predictable-peril\">Hayward Fault\u003c/a> and on the right is the Calaveras fault, both capable of major shocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12265\" title=\"fremontQfaultmap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg 498w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2-400x247.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003cem>\u003csub>US Geological Survey image\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another USGS map called the \u003ca href=\"http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/sfgeo/quaternary/details.html\">Quaternary map\u003c/a> focuses on just the active faults—well, the sort-of active ones that have moved during the Quaternary Period. You need to know only two things about the Quaternary: it's pronounced \"qua-TERN-ary\" and for our purposes it includes the last 1.8 million years of geologic time. Now a fault that hasn't moved in a million years, like a volcano that hasn't erupted in a million years, is not much of a threat. The color codes on the faults match the time of the latest fault movement, angry red being historic time (namely, 1868).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two good ways to visit our local faults. One is visiting them in parks (see the list below), and the other is the freelance approach of tracking them through the neighborhood. For that, the best tool is the State of California's Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Zone Maps, which have just been \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/ap/ap_maps.htm\">placed online\u003c/a> by the California Geological Survey. Mandated by the Alquist-Priolo Act of 1972, these maps display the locations of faults that have ruptured during Holocene time, which is geologese for the last 11,000 years. Unlike Quaternary faults, activity on these Holocene faults is a pretty sure thing. And the maps display the detailed fault traces as mapped by geologists, superimposed on a high-quality topographic map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these, you can drive or stroll an area and assess the land for yourself. In places like downtown Hayward, the signs are plain and plentiful. In many others, you'll wonder what the heck those geologists were seeing. (The answer is that they were looking at historical aerial photos and data, finding subtle clues on the ground, and doing a lot of connecting dots.) You'll have a head-scratching good time, and you won't see your landscape the same way again.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nVisit the San Andreas fault:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/safnorth/saf06ftrossrd.htm\">Fort Ross\u003c/a>—Take Fort Ross Road east about 0.5 mile and spot the painted line across the road; an interpretive trail is nearby.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/pore/naturescience/geologicactivity.htm\">Olema\u003c/a>—Take the Earthquake Trail near the Bear Valley Visitor Center in Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.openspace.org/preserves/pr_los_trancos.asp\">Los Trancos Ridge\u003c/a>—This ridgetop park above Palo Alto has an earthquake trail along the fault.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanborn_Park\">Sanborn County Park\u003c/a>—South of Cupertino in the Santa Cruz Mountains is this park with the 2.5-mile San Andreas trail along the fault trace.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/safnorth/saf06sjbautscarp.htm\">San Juan Bautista\u003c/a>—The fault runs just yards east of the mission here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Visit the Hayward fault:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://seismo.berkeley.edu/seismo/geotour/tourmap.html#navmap/\">Berkeley\u003c/a>—Tour the fault in \"Bear territory\" including the infamous football stadium built across the fault in 1923.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/temescal\">Oakland\u003c/a>—Lake Temescal park displays the fault in several places.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/hywrdflthayward/\">Hayward\u003c/a>—The historic downtown and old City Hall straddle the fault, and signs of steady (aseismic) creep are abundant here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.5482697 -121.9885719\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Earthquakes will never be as predictable as the weather, but if you get to know your nearest faults then earthquakes will be less of a surprise.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1311134304,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":812},"headData":{"title":"Friend Your Local Fault | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Friend Your Local Fault","datePublished":"2011-02-17T17:00:10.000Z","dateModified":"2011-07-20T03:58:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"12264 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=12264","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/02/17/befriend-your-local-fault/","disqusTitle":"Friend Your Local Fault","path":"/quest/12264/befriend-your-local-fault","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/riedelsoakland2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/riedelsoakland2.jpg\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"5\" width=\"300\" alt=\"Hayward fault\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003csub>The Hayward fault crosses Oakland's Temescal Regional Park. Photo courtesy Andrew Alden\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>When they hear the word \"geology,\" many people's first response is \"earthquakes.\" Various earthquake faults lurk around us, out of mind until the day they make history as they did in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1868/\">1868\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1906/\">1906\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/nca/1989/\">1989\u003c/a> and on many lesser occasions. Geologists fear faults as much as anyone else, but they also appreciate that the tectonic movements of earthquakes, repeated thousands of times, have built and continue to maintain our distinctive landscape. And the land in turn has shaped the microclimates and soils that support our great variety of habitats. Without earthquakes, this wouldn't be California. Faults are part of our geologic infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/earthquakes-breaking-new-ground\">Earthquakes will never be as predictable\u003c/a> as the weather, I think it's safe to say, but if you get to know your nearest faults then earthquakes will be less of a surprise. When our local faults rupture, you will be less likely to panic and more likely to get through the event unscathed. So when I urge you to friend a fault, it's not to infect you with a scientific hobby but to bring you a lasting practical benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fault is a crack that has had movement along it. Geologists find them everywhere, and geologic maps are festooned with them. Almost all of them are inactive, though, and they're generally obscure even to practiced eyes. You can see what I mean on the U.S. Geological Survey's \u003ca href=\"http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/sfgeo/geologic/details.html\">zoomable geologic map of the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontgeomap2.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12266\" title=\"fremontgeomap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontgeomap2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"308\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003cem>\u003csub>US Geological Survey image\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a part of it showing the area around Fremont. We can't be expected to worry about every heavy line, can we? Thankfully, no; and not the colors and symbols either. That's geology stuff: bedrock and contacts between stratigraphic units. But the two heaviest lines are important. On the left is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-hayward-fault-predictable-peril\">Hayward Fault\u003c/a> and on the right is the Calaveras fault, both capable of major shocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-12265\" title=\"fremontQfaultmap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2.jpg 498w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/02/fremontQfaultmap2-400x247.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003cem>\u003csub>US Geological Survey image\u003c/sub>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another USGS map called the \u003ca href=\"http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/sfgeo/quaternary/details.html\">Quaternary map\u003c/a> focuses on just the active faults—well, the sort-of active ones that have moved during the Quaternary Period. You need to know only two things about the Quaternary: it's pronounced \"qua-TERN-ary\" and for our purposes it includes the last 1.8 million years of geologic time. Now a fault that hasn't moved in a million years, like a volcano that hasn't erupted in a million years, is not much of a threat. The color codes on the faults match the time of the latest fault movement, angry red being historic time (namely, 1868).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two good ways to visit our local faults. One is visiting them in parks (see the list below), and the other is the freelance approach of tracking them through the neighborhood. For that, the best tool is the State of California's Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Zone Maps, which have just been \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/ap/ap_maps.htm\">placed online\u003c/a> by the California Geological Survey. Mandated by the Alquist-Priolo Act of 1972, these maps display the locations of faults that have ruptured during Holocene time, which is geologese for the last 11,000 years. Unlike Quaternary faults, activity on these Holocene faults is a pretty sure thing. And the maps display the detailed fault traces as mapped by geologists, superimposed on a high-quality topographic map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these, you can drive or stroll an area and assess the land for yourself. In places like downtown Hayward, the signs are plain and plentiful. In many others, you'll wonder what the heck those geologists were seeing. (The answer is that they were looking at historical aerial photos and data, finding subtle clues on the ground, and doing a lot of connecting dots.) You'll have a head-scratching good time, and you won't see your landscape the same way again.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nVisit the San Andreas fault:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/safnorth/saf06ftrossrd.htm\">Fort Ross\u003c/a>—Take Fort Ross Road east about 0.5 mile and spot the painted line across the road; an interpretive trail is nearby.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/pore/naturescience/geologicactivity.htm\">Olema\u003c/a>—Take the Earthquake Trail near the Bear Valley Visitor Center in Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.openspace.org/preserves/pr_los_trancos.asp\">Los Trancos Ridge\u003c/a>—This ridgetop park above Palo Alto has an earthquake trail along the fault.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanborn_Park\">Sanborn County Park\u003c/a>—South of Cupertino in the Santa Cruz Mountains is this park with the 2.5-mile San Andreas trail along the fault trace.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/safnorth/saf06sjbautscarp.htm\">San Juan Bautista\u003c/a>—The fault runs just yards east of the mission here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Visit the Hayward fault:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://seismo.berkeley.edu/seismo/geotour/tourmap.html#navmap/\">Berkeley\u003c/a>—Tour the fault in \"Bear territory\" including the infamous football stadium built across the fault in 1923.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/temescal\">Oakland\u003c/a>—Lake Temescal park displays the fault in several places.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_ca/ig/hywrdflthayward/\">Hayward\u003c/a>—The historic downtown and old City Hall straddle the fault, and signs of steady (aseismic) creep are abundant here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.5482697 -121.9885719\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/12264/befriend-your-local-fault","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3492","quest_907","quest_1080","quest_3582","quest_13200","quest_1325","quest_3726","quest_3796","quest_3048"],"featImg":"quest_12285","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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