It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse
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Surviving Sonoma Vineyards Figure Out How to Attract Tourists, Adjust to Environment After Wildfires
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According to its most recent earnings report, \u003ca href=\"https://s201.q4cdn.com/589201576/files/doc_financials/2022/q4/4Q22-SIVB-Earnings-Release-Final.pdf\">SVB has approximately $1.2 billion in outstanding loans (PDF)\u003c/a> to the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Adam Lee, founder and winemaker, Clarice Wine Company\"]'To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about. Perhaps I was naive.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its collapse came as a shock to Bay Area vintners like Adam Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about,” he said. “Perhaps I was naive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee is the founder and winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://claricewinecompany.com/\">Clarice Wine Company\u003c/a>, based in Santa Rosa. He’s been a customer with SVB since 1997, and in addition to his account, he has a line of credit open at the bank, on which he owes tens of thousands of dollars. Immediately after the bank’s closure last week, Lee was locked out of those accounts for nearly three days. His sole employee happened to receive her paycheck Friday morning — just a few hours before the bank’s collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The exterior signage of Silicon Valley Bank with white letters on a gray building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Silicon Valley Bank headquarters is seen in Santa Clara on March 10, 2023. US regulators have shut down SVB amid its sudden collapse, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation announced in a statement on Friday. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With less than $250,000 in his account, Lee was never concerned about financial loss, since the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) immediately announced it would cover up to that amount (and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdic.gov/news/press-releases/2023/pr23019.html\">agreed to cover all deposits\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others weren’t so calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some couldn't make payroll, the apps didn't work, loans couldn't be made, some couldn't get advances. It's clearly frustrating, and I don't blame them for being angry,” said Rob McMillan, founder and former executive vice president of SVB’s wine division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillan added that he was also shocked at the sudden downfall of the bank, where he has worked for more than 30 years.[aside label=\"More California Coverage\" tag=\"silicon-valley\"]“The wine industry is not part of this. We had nothing to do with it. Our clients are in fine shape. The portfolios are in fine shape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, his clients are in a state of uncertainty. “It's fear of the unknown,” he said. The bank is currently operating under the auspices of the federal government, and McMillan said there are several buyers potentially interested in acquiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/industry-solutions/premium-wine-banking\">SVB’s wine division\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, though, wineries are dealing with a financial disruption that likely rippled out to their most vulnerable workforce: farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If payday was during that period of time and they didn’t get their paycheck, they're going to be hurting,” said Rosaura Segura, an immigration services provider and farmworker advocate in St. Helena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried about the long-term impacts of the bank’s collapse, considering its financial support of the vineyard workforce. SVB was a major sponsor of an \u003ca href=\"https://cincogolf.com/\">annual golf tournament\u003c/a> in Napa Valley that raises money for migrant farmworker housing and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Dark purple grapes hang from a grapevine with sun-kissed leaves.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pinot noir grapes just before harvest at the Byron Vineyard and Winery in Santa Maria. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those funds are for bedding, for kitchen supplies, for food. So, yeah, we're going to feel their absence,” Segura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As will the wine industry as a whole. In addition to lending money, SVB’s McMillan compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/trends-insights/reports/wine-report\">yearly benchmark report\u003c/a> for the wine industry, which provided a data-driven economic review and forecast for wineries and garnered worldwide readership. McMillan said he’s unsure he’ll be able to continue producing the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Silicon Valley Bank has a truly unique understanding of the wine business,” said Clarice Wine Company’s Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Lee said, he’s sticking with SVB — or whatever becomes of it — especially now that he has the backing of the FDIC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an ironic way, Silicon Valley Bank is the safest place right now to put your money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Silicon Valley Bank’s (SVB) abrupt collapse last week impacts more than just big tech companies. California’s wine industry is also in a state of uncertainty.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1679089648,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":765},"headData":{"title":"It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse | KQED","description":"Silicon Valley Bank’s (SVB) abrupt collapse last week impacts more than just big tech companies. California’s wine industry is also in a state of uncertainty.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"It's Not Just Tech — California's Wine Industry Is Frazzled After Silicon Valley Bank Collapse","datePublished":"2023-03-17T13:00:01.000Z","dateModified":"2023-03-17T21:47:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"/food/","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/44671585-3e14-4167-bd23-afc8011e388e/audio.mp3","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dcronin\">Dana Cronin\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943742/its-not-just-tech-californias-wine-industry-is-frazzled-after-silicon-valley-bank-collapse","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the aftermath of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11943215/us-seizes-silicon-valley-bank-as-stocks-tumble-depositors-scramble-to-withdraw-funds\">Silicon Valley Bank’s abrupt collapse\u003c/a> last week, California’s wine industry is in a state of uncertainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SVB was one of the primary banks for the industry and, since 1994, has loaned more than $4 billion for things like vineyard acquisitions and wine-making equipment. According to its most recent earnings report, \u003ca href=\"https://s201.q4cdn.com/589201576/files/doc_financials/2022/q4/4Q22-SIVB-Earnings-Release-Final.pdf\">SVB has approximately $1.2 billion in outstanding loans (PDF)\u003c/a> to the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about. Perhaps I was naive.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Adam Lee, founder and winemaker, Clarice Wine Company","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its collapse came as a shock to Bay Area vintners like Adam Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, Silicon Valley Bank was never on the list of banks that I was terribly concerned about,” he said. “Perhaps I was naive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee is the founder and winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://claricewinecompany.com/\">Clarice Wine Company\u003c/a>, based in Santa Rosa. He’s been a customer with SVB since 1997, and in addition to his account, he has a line of credit open at the bank, on which he owes tens of thousands of dollars. Immediately after the bank’s closure last week, Lee was locked out of those accounts for nearly three days. His sole employee happened to receive her paycheck Friday morning — just a few hours before the bank’s collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943773\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"The exterior signage of Silicon Valley Bank with white letters on a gray building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/GettyImages-1248009084-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Silicon Valley Bank headquarters is seen in Santa Clara on March 10, 2023. US regulators have shut down SVB amid its sudden collapse, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation announced in a statement on Friday. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With less than $250,000 in his account, Lee was never concerned about financial loss, since the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) immediately announced it would cover up to that amount (and has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.fdic.gov/news/press-releases/2023/pr23019.html\">agreed to cover all deposits\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others weren’t so calm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some couldn't make payroll, the apps didn't work, loans couldn't be made, some couldn't get advances. It's clearly frustrating, and I don't blame them for being angry,” said Rob McMillan, founder and former executive vice president of SVB’s wine division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McMillan added that he was also shocked at the sudden downfall of the bank, where he has worked for more than 30 years.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More California Coverage ","tag":"silicon-valley"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The wine industry is not part of this. We had nothing to do with it. Our clients are in fine shape. The portfolios are in fine shape,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, his clients are in a state of uncertainty. “It's fear of the unknown,” he said. The bank is currently operating under the auspices of the federal government, and McMillan said there are several buyers potentially interested in acquiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/industry-solutions/premium-wine-banking\">SVB’s wine division\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, though, wineries are dealing with a financial disruption that likely rippled out to their most vulnerable workforce: farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If payday was during that period of time and they didn’t get their paycheck, they're going to be hurting,” said Rosaura Segura, an immigration services provider and farmworker advocate in St. Helena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried about the long-term impacts of the bank’s collapse, considering its financial support of the vineyard workforce. SVB was a major sponsor of an \u003ca href=\"https://cincogolf.com/\">annual golf tournament\u003c/a> in Napa Valley that raises money for migrant farmworker housing and other basic needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11943762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Dark purple grapes hang from a grapevine with sun-kissed leaves.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS29229_GettyImages-143709552-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pinot noir grapes just before harvest at the Byron Vineyard and Winery in Santa Maria. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those funds are for bedding, for kitchen supplies, for food. So, yeah, we're going to feel their absence,” Segura said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As will the wine industry as a whole. In addition to lending money, SVB’s McMillan compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.svb.com/trends-insights/reports/wine-report\">yearly benchmark report\u003c/a> for the wine industry, which provided a data-driven economic review and forecast for wineries and garnered worldwide readership. McMillan said he’s unsure he’ll be able to continue producing the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Silicon Valley Bank has a truly unique understanding of the wine business,” said Clarice Wine Company’s Lee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Lee said, he’s sticking with SVB — or whatever becomes of it — especially now that he has the backing of the FDIC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an ironic way, Silicon Valley Bank is the safest place right now to put your money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943742/its-not-just-tech-californias-wine-industry-is-frazzled-after-silicon-valley-bank-collapse","authors":["byline_news_11943742"],"categories":["news_31795","news_1758","news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_32526","news_32527","news_28321","news_18538","news_32371","news_32372","news_6927","news_17623","news_3799","news_3800","news_1275","news_21765","news_6926","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11943763","label":"source_news_11943742"},"news_11918317":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11918317","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11918317","score":null,"sort":[1656617513000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","title":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","publishDate":1656617513,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919450/trabajar-con-una-visa-h-2a-en-estados-unidos-represalias-derechos\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap] pair of boots, shirts and pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Samuel left in the room he shared with other field workers at Mauritson Farms in Healdsburg, in the heart of Sonoma County’s wine country, last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was heading back to his family in his hometown in Oaxaca, Mexico. The harvest had ended and his H-2A visa would soon expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started working at Mauritson Farms in 2019 with an H-2A visa, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\">which lets agricultural workers stay in the U.S. for limited periods of time\u003c/a>. The program was modeled off the Bracero Program, which was created in 1942, thanks to an agreement between the U.S. and Mexican governments that brought Mexican workers to American farms. Labor rights groups point out that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/07/31/634442195/when-the-u-s-government-tried-to-replace-migrant-farmworkers-with-high-schoolers\">many of those braceros experienced wage theft, physical abuse and terrible working and living conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the H-2A program, Samuel and a group of other young men from towns and rural communities in and around the Sola de Vega district in Oaxaca have come to California for years — from February through October — to work at Mauritson Farms, which owns and controls the vineyards that produce Mauritson Wines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He left his belongings in Healdsburg with plans to come back in 2022. But he was never rehired by Mauritson Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 2021 growing season, Samuel and five other workers from Oaxaca spoke up against what \u003ca href=\"#workplace\">they believed to be unfair and unsafe working conditions they had experienced for the past three years\u003c/a>. They said they were asked to work on extremely hot days without adequate protections against the heat, that hours of their pay were docked for unjustified reasons and that they suffered verbal abuse from the foreman who supervised them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the support of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the group of six workers met with Cameron Mauritson, manager of the vineyard, in October to explain what they were experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apologized to us and said he was really sorry that this had happened at his company,” said Kevin, who also was at the meeting and worked alongside Samuel for the same period of time. “He promised that he would hire us again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Samuel and Kevin — whose real names KQED is not using due to their fears of employment loss — this promise represented a lot more than a job offer for the next year. It signaled that the group could feel comfortable speaking out against unsafe working conditions and that Mauritson wouldn’t do what they feared the most: retaliate against them by not hiring them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We left our things [at Mauritson Farms] believing we would come back,” Samuel said. “But none of it was true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918388 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A grapevine in a field. The grapes are ripe and ready to pick.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samuel and Kevin started coming to California in 2019 with H-2A visas. They would come in February and leave at the end of the grape harvest season in October. They now wait in their hometowns in Oaxaca to hear what an ALRB investigation finds. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Out of the six workers who met with Mauritson in October, none was called back to work in 2022, despite their completion of an application with Cierto Global, the company’s third-party recruiter service. Both Samuel and Kevin believe they were not rehired because they told management about unsafe working conditions they were experiencing in Mauritson's vineyards, a right protected by California labor standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Jobs With Justice representatives said they have reached out to Mauritson several times since February without receiving a response. Mauritson also declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 7, North Bay Jobs With Justice filed an unfair labor practice charge on behalf of the six workers with the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), the state agency that investigates possible workplace abuses in the agricultural industry. The charge \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/3.3.22-ULP-Against-Employer-Mauritson-Farms-Inc..pdf\">states that Mauritson Farms discriminated against the workers\u003c/a> by “refusing to rehire them because they engaged in protected concerted activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the ALRB investigation moves forward, Samuel and Kevin spend their days taking on whatever work they can get in Oaxaca and looking for different farming jobs in the U.S., but with little luck. The window to receive an H-2A visa this year has closed, so they must look for jobs that don’t offer visas. With their remaining savings depleted and families to feed, time is running out to make enough money to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, home to the country’s largest agriculture sector, also has the nation’s third-most H-2A workers. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22082364/h2a-statistics.pdf\">more than 32,000 H-2A laborers from around the world worked in the state supporting the agriculture industry\u003c/a>. And even though California has an extensive system of agencies and regulations meant to protect these workers, H-2A immigrants are still extremely vulnerable to illegal retaliation by their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bring foreign workers to the U.S., many H-2A employers use a network of both formal and informal recruiters that operate both inside and outside the country. Workers like Samuel and Kevin depend on these recruiters to find jobs in the U.S. and navigate the visa application process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a worker speaks up about illegal labor practices, advocates say these recruiters often make sure the worker is blacklisted across the industry — making it harder for these laborers to find another job in the U.S. and for agricultural industry and labor agencies, who only have jurisdiction in the U.S., to enforce anti-retaliation rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11918390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of grapevines in a field. In the background, a worker can be seen picking grapes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 4,200 laborers from around the world come to work in California with an H-2A visa. Most of them are employed in the agricultural industry. While these workers are protected by the same labor laws as anybody else, labor advocates say they are especially vulnerable to retaliation if they speak up against what they consider to be unfair or unsafe labor practices. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'Employers do retaliate' even though it's illegal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cynthia Rice has worked as a labor rights attorney for over 20 years. She’s now the director of litigation, advocacy and training at California Rural Legal Assistance, a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal aid across the state. She’s represented dozens of agricultural workers in cases involving dangerous working conditions, wage theft and retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of each conversation with a new client, she makes one point clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retaliation is illegal,” she said, while adding that, “we never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you. It’s just illegal and employers do retaliate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to decades of farmworker- and immigrant-led organizing, California has several agencies that enforce labor laws, including anti-retaliation rules. The ALRB was created after then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/forms-publications/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-english/\">California Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> in 1975, which guaranteed collective bargaining rights for farmworkers. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/\">California Labor Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> investigates underpaid or missing wages, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/\">California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board\u003c/a> (Cal/OSHA) enforces workplace safety rules like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">heat protections for outdoor workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cynthia Rice, director of litigation, advocacy and training, California Rural Legal Assistance\"]'We never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you.'[/pullquote]At the federal level, the Department of Labor processes job orders for the H-2A program and enforces employment contracts and the federal laws meant to protect guest workers. The department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd\">Wage and Hour Division\u003c/a> investigates cases where employers may not be paying their workers properly or failing to provide housing, transportation or meals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">which is required by the federal government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigrant farmworkers Rice has worked with come to her after they’ve been terminated or when they’re about to go back to their home countries after the harvest season. “Then they talk about the hours that were shaved or the meals and restrooms that they didn't get,” she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But waiting until the end of harvest season to file a claim with the ALRB or other labor agencies is usually too late, she said, particularly for H-2A workers who typically have to leave the U.S. soon after. It gives attorneys like Rice very limited time to collect evidence and testimony before the worker heads back to their home country, which usually complicates communication as many H-2A holders come from rural communities in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, with limited access to the internet and telephone reception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why wait until the very last moment to speak up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retaliation can mean losing your job (and with that, your H-2A visa) after speaking up, but it can also include intimidation or punishment. Samuel remembers when his crew was working the fields in temperatures exceeding 95 degrees. “There were times where we felt so dehydrated that we were going to pass out,” he said. “We felt we wanted to vomit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11886628\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]\u003ca id=\"workplace\">\u003c/a>When he’d tell the foreman how he and others were feeling, Samuel said the foreman would laugh at them and tell them to keep working. Kevin said that there were many hot days where the workers didn’t have any of the heat protections required by California law. “When it was 90, 95 degrees, we didn’t have any shady spots to have a glass of water or rest for a bit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When outside temperatures exceed 80 degrees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">Cal/OSHA requires employers to provide their workers with sufficient water, shade and rest\u003c/a>. That means each employee should be able to drink at least one quart of water per hour and request breaks in the shade whenever they feel the need to. But a 2021 NPR investigation found that even with these protections in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">nearly four dozen California workers died from heatstroke\u003c/a> and other heat-related illnesses within a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has stated that heat-related deaths can be prevented, but the agency has struggled with understaffing for years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">making it harder for it to enforce its rules across California’s thousands of farms\u003c/a>. So in many cases, the responsibility of protecting workers from heat falls solely on the employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A network of retaliation in the US — and abroad\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2020 report by the migrant rights group Centro de los Derechos del Migrante \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">shows that it's common for H-2A employers nationwide to intimidate workers to exert greater control over them\u003c/a> and prevent them from feeling safe enough to speak up while they’re employed. Out of 100 former H-2A workers the organization spoke to, 100% of them experienced at least one serious legal violation and 94% experienced three or more serious legal violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice from CRLA points out that H-2A employers have an incredible amount of control over workers. An employer \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">must provide housing, meals and transportation to and from the work site\u003c/a>. Because many workers don’t have a U.S. driver’s license or their own vehicle, they also depend on their bosses for transportation to go grocery shopping, to receive medical care and for other essential activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A worker who is experiencing bad working conditions can always vote with his or her feet, right?” Rice said. “Well, that's not true for H-2A workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11886402\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/DSCF1773-1020x680.jpg\"]“The program is really closer to a kind of indentured servitude that we had in prior decades under sharecropper relationships post-emancipation,” she added. “There is such a dependency that the worker has on the employer and you can't really say that they're free to engage in activity anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abusive employers can exert control over workers even when they are no longer living in the U.S. In order to find employees, many H-2A employers depend on third-party recruiters that operate all over the world. The recruitment process is rife with abuse, as some recruiters charge workers exorbitant amounts to connect them with American companies, \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">some practice debt bondage and others mislead workers entirely about job opportunities\u003c/a>. Additionally, a 2015 report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">found that recruiters often blacklist any worker who speaks up about abuses to their employer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recruiters, which range from informal one-person operations to multinational corporations, usually work for several employers spread out across the U.S. So when recruiters blacklist a worker, they’re not just doing so for one employer but potentially for whole sectors of the agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice has seen this happen several times with clients who spoke up about an employer in one state, only to later have trouble finding a job in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing that the employer does once a worker has complained about wages or working conditions,” she said, “is go back to the recruiter and say, ‘I don't want to hire this guy next year because they complained about me,’ and that affects not only recruitment for that particular employer, but also for all of the employers that a recruiter has a relationship with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when workers have returned to their countries of origin, the possibility of being blacklisted still exists. In the \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2015 GAO report\u003c/a>, federal officials traveled to Mexico to talk to former H-2A workers and noted that laborers were concerned about being seen talking to U.S. investigators in their hometowns because “people walking by could possibly see and report them to the local recruiter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns, United Farm Workers\"]'There is a tremendous amount of control over access to those [H-2A] visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin.'[/pullquote]The United Farm Workers union, which operates nationwide, also has noticed this phenomenon. Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns with the UFW, said many Jamaican H-2A workers in the U.S. will stick it out with a bad employer for a whole year just to stay within the recruitment pool for the next year. “There is also a tremendous amount of control over access to those visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Mauritson Farms first hired their crew in 2019, Samuel and Kevin say that the company arranged the recruitment process directly, using WhatsApp to coordinate. But in 2022, the vineyard switched to using a third-party recruiter, Cierto Global, a multinational farm labor contractor that was dubbed an “ethical recruiter” by the Biden administration earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Samuel and Kevin still worry that they now will have a much harder time finding a job in agriculture in the U.S. “I think [Mauritson] didn’t want any more problems to come up for them anymore,” Kevin said, “so they brought on the recruiter to be more selective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Regulating the recruiter network\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How can labor officials prevent retaliation by American companies against H-2A workers if it happens outside the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report points out that because recruitment happens outside the U.S., there’s very little federal oversight. Although the Department of Homeland Security keeps track of every incoming H-2A immigrant, there's no federal database that tracks which agents are recruiting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator, Department of Labor\"]'Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing.'[/pullquote]State agencies like California’s ALRB, which is currently investigating the Mauritson case, also have a hard time enforcing anti-retaliation laws in these situations. Regional director Jessica Arciniega shared that these types of situations are difficult for her agency due to jurisdictional limitations, but in certain cases, this sort of retaliation can fit into an ongoing unfair labor practice investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is evidence that the recruiter was an agent of the employer, then it may be part of something that we investigate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the federal level, Department of Labor officials are constrained by their jurisdiction. “Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing, let's just say, in Mexico,” said Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lugo explains, if a group of workers reported a breach of contract to the Department of Labor by their employer, and the following year none of the workers who were cooperating with the investigation were rehired, “then we can clearly discern that these workers were retaliated [against].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the federal government can order the employer to rehire the affected workers. In cases involving wage theft, officials also can require companies to pay back what they owe workers, along with civil penalties. For repeat offenders, authorities can even remove an employer from the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the end of the day, these consequences apply only for agriculture companies in the U.S., not recruiters abroad. In 2018, over 90% of H-2A workers were from Mexico and the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2018 GOA report\u003c/a> shows that the recruiter network operates extensively throughout that country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Labor Coverage' tag='labor-rights']Migrant worker advocates argue that the Mexican government, along with the governments of other countries H-2A immigrants travel from, should be more proactive about regulating the activities of these recruiters and educating workers on what their labor rights are before they leave for the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mexican officials KQED spoke to pushed back, arguing that isn’t the responsibility of the Mexican government — despite millions of dollars flowing back to Mexico each year as remittances from Mexican nationals working for the U.S. agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H-2A visas are not part of a binational program,” said Remedios Gómez Arnau, consul general of Mexico in San Francisco. The Mexican government has no part in the hiring process and only plays a role through its consular system once Mexican nationals are in American territory, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once somebody leaves Mexico and enters another country using a visa, then that’s when we can figure out here if the national approaches a consulate and tells us what their issue is,” she said. “But before that, Mexican authorities don’t know who is being hired by who.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918371 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt='A group of people protest outside an office building. Many are holding signs, one says in Spanish, \"Pago extra por peligros\" or \"hazard pay\" in English.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and organizers with the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice picket outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022. A coalition of workers and organizers have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards, meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change, including hazard pay for farm laborers who work in wildfire evacuation zones. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The way we protect workers must change'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Samuel and Kevin don’t regret speaking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re acting within our rights,” Samuel said. “It’s not just one worker who spoke up but many.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the team at North Bay Jobs With Justice who have been working with this group of workers since last year, this case could set a precedent for the fight to protect farmworkers in wine country and the rest of California against retaliation and unsafe labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ALRB finds that Mauritson did retaliate against its workers, that could encourage other workers across the region to report their own experiences to labor officials, said Ana Salgado, community co-chair of the NBJWJ board. That could potentially fuel the movement for greater worker protections ahead of wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of worker advocacy groups, including NBJWJ, \u003ca href=\"https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/farmworkers-deserve-safety-and-respect-in-sonoma-county?source=ig\">have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards\u003c/a> meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change. These include providing safety and fire evacuation training in the workers’ first languages, including Indigenous languages, and allowing independent community observers to assess the safety of workers out in the field, so that workers are not alone when they report unsafe conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well,” said Salgado in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918370 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of people play the drums outside of an office building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters gathered outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022, to demand greater protections for farmworkers before the onset of wildfire season. Organizers point out that climate change will only worsen in the coming years and insist that officials expand labor regulations to better protect workers as global temperatures increase. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond Sonoma County, migrant rights advocates also are proposing structural reforms to the H-2A program to hold both employers and recruiters accountable for retaliation. Centro de los Derechos del Migrante has recommended that Congress approve legislation that reforms the recruitment process and ensures that workers who have suffered a labor rights violation in the U.S. can still access legal services once they’ve left the country. They’re also encouraging federal agencies, including the Department of Labor, to create a database accessible to workers that keeps track of H-2A employers and their recruiters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ana Salgado, community co-chair, North Bay Jobs With Justice\"]'The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well.'[/pullquote]Cynthia Rice, attorney with the CRLA, points out a loophole in the existing accountability mechanism for H-2A employers: When a worker sues their company for an illegal labor practice, that company can settle the lawsuit and avoid admitting they violated labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because there has not been any admission of liability or wrongdoing, that employer can get another H-2A order the next year,” Rice said. If federal officials took into consideration which companies are settling lawsuits year after year when it decides which ones get to stay in the H-2A program, it could prevent employers who don’t protect their workers from staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reforming the program isn’t just necessary to better protect H-2A workers, Rice said, but also would benefit American workers. When H-2A workers are more vulnerable to retaliation, that makes them more attractive to hire, since employers know they can exploit them without having to fear the same consequences they’d face in hiring Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kevin, former H-2A worker\"]'We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.'[/pullquote]While he waits to hear the ALRB’s decision, Kevin has been sharing everything he’s learned in the past year with friends who are considering working in the U.S. He doesn’t want others to go through the same things he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were happy with the job we had over there because it gave us the economic means to send money back to our families and save for a home or a business,” he said. But he added that doesn’t justify how he was treated: “We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What's it like for immigrant farmworkers to report an unfair labor practice? Advocates say laborers with H-2A visas are vulnerable to retaliation not just from their employers but from recruiters that connect them to jobs in the future.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1657748953,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":70,"wordCount":3995},"headData":{"title":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation | KQED","description":"What's it like for immigrant farmworkers to report an unfair labor practice? Advocates say laborers with H-2A visas are vulnerable to retaliation not just from their employers but from recruiters that connect them to jobs in the future.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","datePublished":"2022-06-30T19:31:53.000Z","dateModified":"2022-07-13T21:49:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11918317 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11918317","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/06/30/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation/","disqusTitle":"Blacklisted for Speaking Up: How California Farmworkers Fighting Abuses Are Vulnerable to Retaliation","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/04ca2167-999b-4f7b-b9e1-aed1012ae3f7/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919450/trabajar-con-una-visa-h-2a-en-estados-unidos-represalias-derechos\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> pair of boots, shirts and pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what Samuel left in the room he shared with other field workers at Mauritson Farms in Healdsburg, in the heart of Sonoma County’s wine country, last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was heading back to his family in his hometown in Oaxaca, Mexico. The harvest had ended and his H-2A visa would soon expire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started working at Mauritson Farms in 2019 with an H-2A visa, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/temporary-workers/h-2a-temporary-agricultural-workers\">which lets agricultural workers stay in the U.S. for limited periods of time\u003c/a>. The program was modeled off the Bracero Program, which was created in 1942, thanks to an agreement between the U.S. and Mexican governments that brought Mexican workers to American farms. Labor rights groups point out that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/07/31/634442195/when-the-u-s-government-tried-to-replace-migrant-farmworkers-with-high-schoolers\">many of those braceros experienced wage theft, physical abuse and terrible working and living conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the H-2A program, Samuel and a group of other young men from towns and rural communities in and around the Sola de Vega district in Oaxaca have come to California for years — from February through October — to work at Mauritson Farms, which owns and controls the vineyards that produce Mauritson Wines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He left his belongings in Healdsburg with plans to come back in 2022. But he was never rehired by Mauritson Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the 2021 growing season, Samuel and five other workers from Oaxaca spoke up against what \u003ca href=\"#workplace\">they believed to be unfair and unsafe working conditions they had experienced for the past three years\u003c/a>. They said they were asked to work on extremely hot days without adequate protections against the heat, that hours of their pay were docked for unjustified reasons and that they suffered verbal abuse from the foreman who supervised them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the support of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the group of six workers met with Cameron Mauritson, manager of the vineyard, in October to explain what they were experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He apologized to us and said he was really sorry that this had happened at his company,” said Kevin, who also was at the meeting and worked alongside Samuel for the same period of time. “He promised that he would hire us again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Samuel and Kevin — whose real names KQED is not using due to their fears of employment loss — this promise represented a lot more than a job offer for the next year. It signaled that the group could feel comfortable speaking out against unsafe working conditions and that Mauritson wouldn’t do what they feared the most: retaliate against them by not hiring them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We left our things [at Mauritson Farms] believing we would come back,” Samuel said. “But none of it was true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918388 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A grapevine in a field. The grapes are ripe and ready to pick.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45142_017_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samuel and Kevin started coming to California in 2019 with H-2A visas. They would come in February and leave at the end of the grape harvest season in October. They now wait in their hometowns in Oaxaca to hear what an ALRB investigation finds. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Out of the six workers who met with Mauritson in October, none was called back to work in 2022, despite their completion of an application with Cierto Global, the company’s third-party recruiter service. Both Samuel and Kevin believe they were not rehired because they told management about unsafe working conditions they were experiencing in Mauritson's vineyards, a right protected by California labor standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Jobs With Justice representatives said they have reached out to Mauritson several times since February without receiving a response. Mauritson also declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 7, North Bay Jobs With Justice filed an unfair labor practice charge on behalf of the six workers with the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), the state agency that investigates possible workplace abuses in the agricultural industry. The charge \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/3.3.22-ULP-Against-Employer-Mauritson-Farms-Inc..pdf\">states that Mauritson Farms discriminated against the workers\u003c/a> by “refusing to rehire them because they engaged in protected concerted activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the ALRB investigation moves forward, Samuel and Kevin spend their days taking on whatever work they can get in Oaxaca and looking for different farming jobs in the U.S., but with little luck. The window to receive an H-2A visa this year has closed, so they must look for jobs that don’t offer visas. With their remaining savings depleted and families to feed, time is running out to make enough money to survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, home to the country’s largest agriculture sector, also has the nation’s third-most H-2A workers. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/22082364/h2a-statistics.pdf\">more than 32,000 H-2A laborers from around the world worked in the state supporting the agriculture industry\u003c/a>. And even though California has an extensive system of agencies and regulations meant to protect these workers, H-2A immigrants are still extremely vulnerable to illegal retaliation by their employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bring foreign workers to the U.S., many H-2A employers use a network of both formal and informal recruiters that operate both inside and outside the country. Workers like Samuel and Kevin depend on these recruiters to find jobs in the U.S. and navigate the visa application process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a worker speaks up about illegal labor practices, advocates say these recruiters often make sure the worker is blacklisted across the industry — making it harder for these laborers to find another job in the U.S. and for agricultural industry and labor agencies, who only have jurisdiction in the U.S., to enforce anti-retaliation rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11918390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Rows of grapevines in a field. In the background, a worker can be seen picking grapes.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/RS45137_011_KQED_Napa_VineyardFarmWorkers_09302020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">More than 4,200 laborers from around the world come to work in California with an H-2A visa. Most of them are employed in the agricultural industry. While these workers are protected by the same labor laws as anybody else, labor advocates say they are especially vulnerable to retaliation if they speak up against what they consider to be unfair or unsafe labor practices. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'Employers do retaliate' even though it's illegal\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cynthia Rice has worked as a labor rights attorney for over 20 years. She’s now the director of litigation, advocacy and training at California Rural Legal Assistance, a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal aid across the state. She’s represented dozens of agricultural workers in cases involving dangerous working conditions, wage theft and retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of each conversation with a new client, she makes one point clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Retaliation is illegal,” she said, while adding that, “we never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you. It’s just illegal and employers do retaliate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to decades of farmworker- and immigrant-led organizing, California has several agencies that enforce labor laws, including anti-retaliation rules. The ALRB was created after then-Gov. Jerry Brown signed the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/forms-publications/fact-sheets/fact-sheet-english/\">California Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> in 1975, which guaranteed collective bargaining rights for farmworkers. Additionally, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/\">California Labor Commissioner’s Office\u003c/a> investigates underpaid or missing wages, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/\">California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board\u003c/a> (Cal/OSHA) enforces workplace safety rules like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">heat protections for outdoor workers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We never say the employer can't retaliate against you because of course the employer can retaliate against you.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Cynthia Rice, director of litigation, advocacy and training, California Rural Legal Assistance","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the federal level, the Department of Labor processes job orders for the H-2A program and enforces employment contracts and the federal laws meant to protect guest workers. The department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd\">Wage and Hour Division\u003c/a> investigates cases where employers may not be paying their workers properly or failing to provide housing, transportation or meals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">which is required by the federal government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigrant farmworkers Rice has worked with come to her after they’ve been terminated or when they’re about to go back to their home countries after the harvest season. “Then they talk about the hours that were shaved or the meals and restrooms that they didn't get,” she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But waiting until the end of harvest season to file a claim with the ALRB or other labor agencies is usually too late, she said, particularly for H-2A workers who typically have to leave the U.S. soon after. It gives attorneys like Rice very limited time to collect evidence and testimony before the worker heads back to their home country, which usually complicates communication as many H-2A holders come from rural communities in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, with limited access to the internet and telephone reception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why wait until the very last moment to speak up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retaliation can mean losing your job (and with that, your H-2A visa) after speaking up, but it can also include intimidation or punishment. Samuel remembers when his crew was working the fields in temperatures exceeding 95 degrees. “There were times where we felt so dehydrated that we were going to pass out,” he said. “We felt we wanted to vomit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11886628","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS50596_019_SanFrancisco_HeatWaveImpacts_08062021-qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"workplace\">\u003c/a>When he’d tell the foreman how he and others were feeling, Samuel said the foreman would laugh at them and tell them to keep working. Kevin said that there were many hot days where the workers didn’t have any of the heat protections required by California law. “When it was 90, 95 degrees, we didn’t have any shady spots to have a glass of water or rest for a bit,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When outside temperatures exceed 80 degrees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">Cal/OSHA requires employers to provide their workers with sufficient water, shade and rest\u003c/a>. That means each employee should be able to drink at least one quart of water per hour and request breaks in the shade whenever they feel the need to. But a 2021 NPR investigation found that even with these protections in place, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">nearly four dozen California workers died from heatstroke\u003c/a> and other heat-related illnesses within a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has stated that heat-related deaths can be prevented, but the agency has struggled with understaffing for years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886402/why-california-workers-are-still-dying-from-heat-despite-protections\">making it harder for it to enforce its rules across California’s thousands of farms\u003c/a>. So in many cases, the responsibility of protecting workers from heat falls solely on the employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A network of retaliation in the US — and abroad\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A 2020 report by the migrant rights group Centro de los Derechos del Migrante \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">shows that it's common for H-2A employers nationwide to intimidate workers to exert greater control over them\u003c/a> and prevent them from feeling safe enough to speak up while they’re employed. Out of 100 former H-2A workers the organization spoke to, 100% of them experienced at least one serious legal violation and 94% experienced three or more serious legal violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice from CRLA points out that H-2A employers have an incredible amount of control over workers. An employer \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/WHD/legacy/files/whdfs26.pdf\">must provide housing, meals and transportation to and from the work site\u003c/a>. Because many workers don’t have a U.S. driver’s license or their own vehicle, they also depend on their bosses for transportation to go grocery shopping, to receive medical care and for other essential activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A worker who is experiencing bad working conditions can always vote with his or her feet, right?” Rice said. “Well, that's not true for H-2A workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11886402","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/DSCF1773-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The program is really closer to a kind of indentured servitude that we had in prior decades under sharecropper relationships post-emancipation,” she added. “There is such a dependency that the worker has on the employer and you can't really say that they're free to engage in activity anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abusive employers can exert control over workers even when they are no longer living in the U.S. In order to find employees, many H-2A employers depend on third-party recruiters that operate all over the world. The recruitment process is rife with abuse, as some recruiters charge workers exorbitant amounts to connect them with American companies, \u003ca href=\"https://cdmigrante.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ripe-for-Reform.pdf\">some practice debt bondage and others mislead workers entirely about job opportunities\u003c/a>. Additionally, a 2015 report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">found that recruiters often blacklist any worker who speaks up about abuses to their employer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These recruiters, which range from informal one-person operations to multinational corporations, usually work for several employers spread out across the U.S. So when recruiters blacklist a worker, they’re not just doing so for one employer but potentially for whole sectors of the agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice has seen this happen several times with clients who spoke up about an employer in one state, only to later have trouble finding a job in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing that the employer does once a worker has complained about wages or working conditions,” she said, “is go back to the recruiter and say, ‘I don't want to hire this guy next year because they complained about me,’ and that affects not only recruitment for that particular employer, but also for all of the employers that a recruiter has a relationship with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when workers have returned to their countries of origin, the possibility of being blacklisted still exists. In the \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2015 GAO report\u003c/a>, federal officials traveled to Mexico to talk to former H-2A workers and noted that laborers were concerned about being seen talking to U.S. investigators in their hometowns because “people walking by could possibly see and report them to the local recruiter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'There is a tremendous amount of control over access to those [H-2A] visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns, United Farm Workers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The United Farm Workers union, which operates nationwide, also has noticed this phenomenon. Elizabeth Strater, director of strategic campaigns with the UFW, said many Jamaican H-2A workers in the U.S. will stick it out with a bad employer for a whole year just to stay within the recruitment pool for the next year. “There is also a tremendous amount of control over access to those visas [exerted by recruiters] within the communities of origin,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Mauritson Farms first hired their crew in 2019, Samuel and Kevin say that the company arranged the recruitment process directly, using WhatsApp to coordinate. But in 2022, the vineyard switched to using a third-party recruiter, Cierto Global, a multinational farm labor contractor that was dubbed an “ethical recruiter” by the Biden administration earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Samuel and Kevin still worry that they now will have a much harder time finding a job in agriculture in the U.S. “I think [Mauritson] didn’t want any more problems to come up for them anymore,” Kevin said, “so they brought on the recruiter to be more selective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Regulating the recruiter network\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How can labor officials prevent retaliation by American companies against H-2A workers if it happens outside the U.S.?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report points out that because recruitment happens outside the U.S., there’s very little federal oversight. Although the Department of Homeland Security keeps track of every incoming H-2A immigrant, there's no federal database that tracks which agents are recruiting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator, Department of Labor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>State agencies like California’s ALRB, which is currently investigating the Mauritson case, also have a hard time enforcing anti-retaliation laws in these situations. Regional director Jessica Arciniega shared that these types of situations are difficult for her agency due to jurisdictional limitations, but in certain cases, this sort of retaliation can fit into an ongoing unfair labor practice investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there is evidence that the recruiter was an agent of the employer, then it may be part of something that we investigate,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the federal level, Department of Labor officials are constrained by their jurisdiction. “Our enforcement authority is just in the United States. We can't regulate what these third-party recruiters are doing, let's just say, in Mexico,” said Ruben Lugo, regional enforcement coordinator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lugo explains, if a group of workers reported a breach of contract to the Department of Labor by their employer, and the following year none of the workers who were cooperating with the investigation were rehired, “then we can clearly discern that these workers were retaliated [against].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this situation, the federal government can order the employer to rehire the affected workers. In cases involving wage theft, officials also can require companies to pay back what they owe workers, along with civil penalties. For repeat offenders, authorities can even remove an employer from the H-2A program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the end of the day, these consequences apply only for agriculture companies in the U.S., not recruiters abroad. In 2018, over 90% of H-2A workers were from Mexico and the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/gao-2015-report-on-h2a-program-668875.pdf\">2018 GOA report\u003c/a> shows that the recruiter network operates extensively throughout that country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More Labor Coverage ","tag":"labor-rights"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Migrant worker advocates argue that the Mexican government, along with the governments of other countries H-2A immigrants travel from, should be more proactive about regulating the activities of these recruiters and educating workers on what their labor rights are before they leave for the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mexican officials KQED spoke to pushed back, arguing that isn’t the responsibility of the Mexican government — despite millions of dollars flowing back to Mexico each year as remittances from Mexican nationals working for the U.S. agriculture industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“H-2A visas are not part of a binational program,” said Remedios Gómez Arnau, consul general of Mexico in San Francisco. The Mexican government has no part in the hiring process and only plays a role through its consular system once Mexican nationals are in American territory, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once somebody leaves Mexico and enters another country using a visa, then that’s when we can figure out here if the national approaches a consulate and tells us what their issue is,” she said. “But before that, Mexican authorities don’t know who is being hired by who.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918371 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg\" alt='A group of people protest outside an office building. Many are holding signs, one says in Spanish, \"Pago extra por peligros\" or \"hazard pay\" in English.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02464-1-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and organizers with the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice picket outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022. A coalition of workers and organizers have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards, meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change, including hazard pay for farm laborers who work in wildfire evacuation zones. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>'The way we protect workers must change'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Samuel and Kevin don’t regret speaking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re acting within our rights,” Samuel said. “It’s not just one worker who spoke up but many.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the team at North Bay Jobs With Justice who have been working with this group of workers since last year, this case could set a precedent for the fight to protect farmworkers in wine country and the rest of California against retaliation and unsafe labor practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ALRB finds that Mauritson did retaliate against its workers, that could encourage other workers across the region to report their own experiences to labor officials, said Ana Salgado, community co-chair of the NBJWJ board. That could potentially fuel the movement for greater worker protections ahead of wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of worker advocacy groups, including NBJWJ, \u003ca href=\"https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/farmworkers-deserve-safety-and-respect-in-sonoma-county?source=ig\">have pushed Sonoma County officials for months to put into place five safety standards\u003c/a> meant to protect workers as wildfires intensify due to climate change. These include providing safety and fire evacuation training in the workers’ first languages, including Indigenous languages, and allowing independent community observers to assess the safety of workers out in the field, so that workers are not alone when they report unsafe conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well,” said Salgado in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11918370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11918370 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of people play the drums outside of an office building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1020x681.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1536x1026.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-2048x1368.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/06/DSC02491-1920x1282.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters gathered outside the Department of Emergency Management of Sonoma County on June 9, 2022, to demand greater protections for farmworkers before the onset of wildfire season. Organizers point out that climate change will only worsen in the coming years and insist that officials expand labor regulations to better protect workers as global temperatures increase. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Derek Knowles)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond Sonoma County, migrant rights advocates also are proposing structural reforms to the H-2A program to hold both employers and recruiters accountable for retaliation. Centro de los Derechos del Migrante has recommended that Congress approve legislation that reforms the recruitment process and ensures that workers who have suffered a labor rights violation in the U.S. can still access legal services once they’ve left the country. They’re also encouraging federal agencies, including the Department of Labor, to create a database accessible to workers that keeps track of H-2A employers and their recruiters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'The Earth is changing, and the way we protect workers must change as well.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ana Salgado, community co-chair, North Bay Jobs With Justice","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cynthia Rice, attorney with the CRLA, points out a loophole in the existing accountability mechanism for H-2A employers: When a worker sues their company for an illegal labor practice, that company can settle the lawsuit and avoid admitting they violated labor law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because there has not been any admission of liability or wrongdoing, that employer can get another H-2A order the next year,” Rice said. If federal officials took into consideration which companies are settling lawsuits year after year when it decides which ones get to stay in the H-2A program, it could prevent employers who don’t protect their workers from staying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reforming the program isn’t just necessary to better protect H-2A workers, Rice said, but also would benefit American workers. When H-2A workers are more vulnerable to retaliation, that makes them more attractive to hire, since employers know they can exploit them without having to fear the same consequences they’d face in hiring Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Kevin, former H-2A worker","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While he waits to hear the ALRB’s decision, Kevin has been sharing everything he’s learned in the past year with friends who are considering working in the U.S. He doesn’t want others to go through the same things he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were happy with the job we had over there because it gave us the economic means to send money back to our families and save for a home or a business,” he said. But he added that doesn’t justify how he was treated: “We felt awful with the abuse we received, so we set out to learn what the employer actually needs to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation","authors":["11708"],"categories":["news_1169","news_6188","news_28250","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31272","news_20546","news_27626","news_31271","news_20202","news_29865","news_30426","news_31268","news_31269","news_28212","news_31270","news_23478","news_31275","news_4463","news_1275","news_21765","news_6926","news_21991","news_3797","news_29881","news_31276"],"featImg":"news_11918420","label":"news"},"news_11891469":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11891469","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11891469","score":null,"sort":[1633687240000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sonoma-county-vineyard-workers-are-demanding-more-protections","title":"Sonoma County Vineyard Workers are Demanding More Protections","publishDate":1633687240,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Sonoma County Vineyard Workers are Demanding More Protections | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Vineyard workers already have hard jobs that usually don’t pay high wages. And as wildfire season increasingly overlaps with harvest season, their work has gotten even more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates and farmworkers in Sonoma County are demanding that wine businesses provide stronger protections for the laborers who make the industry possible in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest\u003c/b>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/nashellytweets\">Nashelly Chavez\u003c/a>, Diversity, Equity and Inclusion reporter for the Press Democrat\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Follow \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>The Bay\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>Apple Podcasts\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>Spotify\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>Stitcher\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, NPR One or via \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>Alexa\u003c/i>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1701974533,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":109},"headData":{"title":"Sonoma County Vineyard Workers are Demanding More Protections | KQED","description":"Vineyard workers already have hard jobs that usually don’t pay high wages. And as wildfire season increasingly overlaps with harvest season, their work has gotten even more dangerous. Now, advocates and farmworkers in Sonoma County are demanding that wine businesses provide stronger protections for the laborers who make the industry possible in the first place. Guest: Nashelly Chavez, Diversity, Equity and Inclusion reporter for the Press Democrat Follow The Bay to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, NPR","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Sonoma County Vineyard Workers are Demanding More Protections","datePublished":"2021-10-08T10:00:40.000Z","dateModified":"2023-12-07T18:42:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2551319446.mp3?updated=1633652991","sticky":false,"path":"/news/11891469/sonoma-county-vineyard-workers-are-demanding-more-protections","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Vineyard workers already have hard jobs that usually don’t pay high wages. And as wildfire season increasingly overlaps with harvest season, their work has gotten even more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates and farmworkers in Sonoma County are demanding that wine businesses provide stronger protections for the laborers who make the industry possible in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest\u003c/b>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/nashellytweets\">Nashelly Chavez\u003c/a>, Diversity, Equity and Inclusion reporter for the Press Democrat\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Follow \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>The Bay\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>Apple Podcasts\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>Spotify\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>Stitcher\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, NPR One or via \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>Alexa\u003c/i>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11891469/sonoma-county-vineyard-workers-are-demanding-more-protections","authors":["8654","11672","11649"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_21959","news_22598","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11840645","label":"source_news_11891469"},"news_11841618":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11841618","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11841618","score":null,"sort":[1602272542000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","title":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","publishDate":1602272542,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842308/los-trabajadores-inmigrantes-impulsan-la-economia-del-valle-de-napa-pero-los-incendios-y-el-covid-19-estan-eliminando-esos-trabajos\">Leer en Español\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Arnulfo Vergara, an evacuee forced to flee from the Glass Fire burning in Napa and Sonoma counties, arrived at an emergency center at Napa Valley College earlier this week with a furrowed brow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vergara, a farmworker for more than two decades, had planned on working the entire harvest season. But the destruction wrought by recent wildfires in the form of scorched vineyards and smoke-damaged grapes has cut short many local vineyard and winery jobs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s over. The fire came and finished everything,” said Vergara, 59, an immigrant from Mexico who lives at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/467/Housing-Authority\">Calistoga Farmworker Center\u003c/a>. “I’m not going to work the rest of October or November. That’s money that won’t go into my pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jenny Ocón, executive director of UpValley Family Centers\"]'It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate danger to thousands of residents of Calistoga, St. Helena and other Napa Valley communities has subsided as firefighters continue to make progress against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/9/27/glass-fire/\">Glass Fire\u003c/a>, which has charred over 67,000 acres since igniting on Sept. 27 and is now nearly 75% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the region’s Latino immigrant workers – who are key to the local economy – say this year’s wildfires have intensified another danger: income and job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, many local families have struggled financially as shelter-in-place measures hampered tourism, restaurants and wine businesses, said Jenny Ocón, executive director for UpValley Family Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another,” she said. “And in particular, the immigrant community is pretty hard-hit because often certain members are not eligible for federal benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants are ineligible for unemployment insurance, coronavirus aid or other government benefits — even when they pay taxes. And more than half of California’s farmworkers are undocumented, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.doleta.gov/naws/research/data-tables/\">estimates\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UpValley and other nonprofits in the Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD) network have channeled more than $150,000 in private donations to provide evacuees with emergency gift cards for gas, groceries and other basic needs, said Ocón.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she foresees more long-term help will be needed, including rental assistance for vulnerable residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11841621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Susana Garcia-Sanchez at UpValley Family Centers holds gift cards for evacuees to purchase food, gas and other basic needs. The nonprofit is part of a network, Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster, that has distributed more than $150,000 in gift cards to local evacuees. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the Glass Fire destroyed more than 300 homes in Napa County, some low-income families were already struggling to afford rent. This new loss of housing stock could make it even more difficult for them to continue living in the area, Ocón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think it will displace some families,” she said. “Housing is already really expensive here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median rent in the city of Napa is more than $2,400 a month, according to \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/city-napa-tenants-need-47-an-hour-to-afford-median-rent/article_5967495b-7352-5c54-a895-e56e49ca113f.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The displacement of workers could spell trouble for restaurants, hotels, wineries and vineyards that rely on low-wage immigrant workers to be competitive, said Sonoma State University economics professor Robert Eyler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they want to hire workers back in earnest, they might find a labor market that doesn't have as much supply as they used to,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='farmworkers']Eyler estimates that more than 80% of Napa County’s economy is connected in some way to tourism or the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people can’t find work here and other states are opening more quickly and have fewer COVID cases, have fewer fires affecting their agriculture and hospitality, people might move on,” said Eyler, who grew up in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-wage workers facing food insecurity and the inability to pay rent will need more long-term support to hang on in the region, he said, but the pandemic and decreased tax revenues have shrunk local and state budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yalitza Garcia, another evacuee, said she lost her six-year job as a waitress at a restaurant in Yountville during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, she found another position as a server, but the restaurant — which can only seat up to 25% of its capacity indoors — lost customers as the smoky air meant patrons couldn’t sit outdoors either, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really difficult,” said Garcia, the mother of two young children. “My wages have gone down a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of nearly 2,000 evacuees the county of Napa has helped shelter in hotel rooms during the Glass Fire, according to county officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia came to the evacuation center with Silvia Arroyo, her sister-in-law, to get boxed lunches for relatives staying at their hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arroyo, a house cleaner, said the fire burnt two houses in St. Helena where she worked. She had already lost clients and income during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both women said they were grateful for the immediate aid of food and hotel rooms to shelter in. But they are also applying for rental assistance from the county, which could keep their families housed until they can make more money, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we have to wait,” she said. “Because a lot of other people have also applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for Immigrant Workers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These organizations offer cash assistance to undocumented immigrants in wine country:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://undocufund.org/\">UndocuFund for Disaster Relief in Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.upvalleyfamilycenters.org/\">UpValley Relief Fund (includes Napa and Lake counties)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.onthemovebayarea.org/ncrc\">Down Valley Relief Fund (Napa County)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Find a full list of organizations providing assistance in Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/northern-california\">here\u003c/a> via the California Immigrant Resilience Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find COVID-19-related resources from the state of California for immigrants in Spanish, Vietnamese and other languages \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/guide-immigrant-californians/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Without steady income, low-income Latino families could be displaced, advocates fear. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1603220322,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1030},"headData":{"title":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs | KQED","description":"Without steady income, low-income Latino families could be displaced, advocates fear. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","datePublished":"2020-10-09T19:42:22.000Z","dateModified":"2020-10-20T18:58:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11841618 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11841618","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/10/09/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs/","disqusTitle":"Immigrant Workers Power Napa Valley's Economy – But Fires and COVID-19 Are Destroying Jobs","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/33e61d2e-79a5-46f9-99bb-ac4e012e71a8/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11841618/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11842308/los-trabajadores-inmigrantes-impulsan-la-economia-del-valle-de-napa-pero-los-incendios-y-el-covid-19-estan-eliminando-esos-trabajos\">Leer en Español\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Arnulfo Vergara, an evacuee forced to flee from the Glass Fire burning in Napa and Sonoma counties, arrived at an emergency center at Napa Valley College earlier this week with a furrowed brow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vergara, a farmworker for more than two decades, had planned on working the entire harvest season. But the destruction wrought by recent wildfires in the form of scorched vineyards and smoke-damaged grapes has cut short many local vineyard and winery jobs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s over. The fire came and finished everything,” said Vergara, 59, an immigrant from Mexico who lives at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/467/Housing-Authority\">Calistoga Farmworker Center\u003c/a>. “I’m not going to work the rest of October or November. That’s money that won’t go into my pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Jenny Ocón, executive director of UpValley Family Centers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate danger to thousands of residents of Calistoga, St. Helena and other Napa Valley communities has subsided as firefighters continue to make progress against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/9/27/glass-fire/\">Glass Fire\u003c/a>, which has charred over 67,000 acres since igniting on Sept. 27 and is now nearly 75% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the region’s Latino immigrant workers – who are key to the local economy – say this year’s wildfires have intensified another danger: income and job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, many local families have struggled financially as shelter-in-place measures hampered tourism, restaurants and wine businesses, said Jenny Ocón, executive director for UpValley Family Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just devastating for the community. It’s been one thing after another,” she said. “And in particular, the immigrant community is pretty hard-hit because often certain members are not eligible for federal benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented immigrants are ineligible for unemployment insurance, coronavirus aid or other government benefits — even when they pay taxes. And more than half of California’s farmworkers are undocumented, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.doleta.gov/naws/research/data-tables/\">estimates\u003c/a> by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UpValley and other nonprofits in the Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD) network have channeled more than $150,000 in private donations to provide evacuees with emergency gift cards for gas, groceries and other basic needs, said Ocón.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she foresees more long-term help will be needed, including rental assistance for vulnerable residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11841621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11841621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/RS45256_IMG_2701-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Susana Garcia-Sanchez at UpValley Family Centers holds gift cards for evacuees to purchase food, gas and other basic needs. The nonprofit is part of a network, Napa Valley Community Organizations Active in Disaster, that has distributed more than $150,000 in gift cards to local evacuees. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the Glass Fire destroyed more than 300 homes in Napa County, some low-income families were already struggling to afford rent. This new loss of housing stock could make it even more difficult for them to continue living in the area, Ocón said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think it will displace some families,” she said. “Housing is already really expensive here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The median rent in the city of Napa is more than $2,400 a month, according to \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/city-napa-tenants-need-47-an-hour-to-afford-median-rent/article_5967495b-7352-5c54-a895-e56e49ca113f.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The displacement of workers could spell trouble for restaurants, hotels, wineries and vineyards that rely on low-wage immigrant workers to be competitive, said Sonoma State University economics professor Robert Eyler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once they want to hire workers back in earnest, they might find a labor market that doesn't have as much supply as they used to,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"farmworkers"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Eyler estimates that more than 80% of Napa County’s economy is connected in some way to tourism or the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If people can’t find work here and other states are opening more quickly and have fewer COVID cases, have fewer fires affecting their agriculture and hospitality, people might move on,” said Eyler, who grew up in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low-wage workers facing food insecurity and the inability to pay rent will need more long-term support to hang on in the region, he said, but the pandemic and decreased tax revenues have shrunk local and state budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yalitza Garcia, another evacuee, said she lost her six-year job as a waitress at a restaurant in Yountville during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, she found another position as a server, but the restaurant — which can only seat up to 25% of its capacity indoors — lost customers as the smoky air meant patrons couldn’t sit outdoors either, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really difficult,” said Garcia, the mother of two young children. “My wages have gone down a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of nearly 2,000 evacuees the county of Napa has helped shelter in hotel rooms during the Glass Fire, according to county officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia came to the evacuation center with Silvia Arroyo, her sister-in-law, to get boxed lunches for relatives staying at their hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arroyo, a house cleaner, said the fire burnt two houses in St. Helena where she worked. She had already lost clients and income during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both women said they were grateful for the immediate aid of food and hotel rooms to shelter in. But they are also applying for rental assistance from the county, which could keep their families housed until they can make more money, Garcia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we have to wait,” she said. “Because a lot of other people have also applied.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Resources for Immigrant Workers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These organizations offer cash assistance to undocumented immigrants in wine country:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://undocufund.org/\">UndocuFund for Disaster Relief in Sonoma County\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.upvalleyfamilycenters.org/\">UpValley Relief Fund (includes Napa and Lake counties)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.onthemovebayarea.org/ncrc\">Down Valley Relief Fund (Napa County)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Find a full list of organizations providing assistance in Northern California \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/northern-california\">here\u003c/a> via the California Immigrant Resilience Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find COVID-19-related resources from the state of California for immigrants in Spanish, Vietnamese and other languages \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/guide-immigrant-californians/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11841618/immigrant-workers-power-napa-valleys-economy-but-fires-and-covid-are-destroying-jobs","authors":["8659"],"categories":["news_24114","news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_18269","news_27626","news_20202","news_19904","news_20605","news_6565","news_4981","news_4463","news_21765","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11841620","label":"news"},"news_11785982":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11785982","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11785982","score":null,"sort":[1573337318000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"surviving-sonoma-vineyards-figure-out-how-to-attract-tourists-adjust-to-environment-after-wildfires","title":"Surviving Sonoma Vineyards Figure Out How to Attract Tourists, Adjust to Environment After Wildfires ","publishDate":1573337318,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>If you're worried that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/search?q=fires&site=news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfires\u003c/a> might have created shortages of Northern California's 2019 cabernet sauvignon, or even just imparted it with an undesirable smoky flavor, you can relax. The wine is just fine. For now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite a late October blaze that raged through one of the world's best-known wine-growing regions, forcing evacuations in two mid-sized towns, wine production in Sonoma County escaped largely unscathed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limerick Lane Wines, for instance, avoided serious damage despite flames that licked at two sides of its property in the Russian River Valley just south of Healdsburg. Limerick's grapes were already harvested, crushed and stored in tanks and barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation='Jake Bilbro, Limerick Lane Wines']'Our buildings are all surrounded by vineyards, and vineyards are excellent fire breaks.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery's sealed cellar prevented smoke damage to its inventory, said owner Jake Bilbro, although its tasting room now has an acrid smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to thank the people who planted our vineyards and built our house 100 years ago,\" Bilbro said. \"Our buildings are all surrounded by vineyards, and vineyards are excellent fire breaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, vintners estimate that the region lost only about five percent of its harvest to fire and smoke — not a perfect outcome, but better than in 2017, when wildfire struck with only about 90% of the harvest in. The remaining grapes weren't all lost, but that year's vintages were rumored to have a \"smoky\" taste, and winemakers were taking no chances this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Sonoma, a sprawling county larger than Rhode Island located about an hour north of San Francisco, say they're hoping that fires don't become the new normal. But with the smell of smoke lingers in the air and the charred hills serving as a reminder, they're also making plans in case they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire season isn't over yet, of course, and the now largely contained \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782314/what-you-need-to-know-sonoma-countys-kincade-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kincade fire\u003c/a> did incinerate the historic Soda Rock Winery, although most vineyards sustained no damage and lost no production. But the region has suffered a precipitous drop in fall tourism, which could undermine the economic health of its wineries and hospitality industry alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bret Munselle lost about half of the young vines he had planted just two months before when a fire raged through the upper part of his ranch at Munselle Vineyards in Alexander Valley, between Healdsburg and Geyserville. The drainage below the plants was also damaged, and will probably cost $150,000 to repair, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='fire' label='Related Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could have been much worse if mature vineyards were more appealing to fire. Water-rich vines and grapes planted in plowed rows don't offer them much fuel, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My family has lived on this property for 130 years,\" Munselle said. \"We've never seen it burn from the tops of mountains to the valley floor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is making summers warmer and drying out more forest brush, creating greater fuel reservoirs for wildfire, said Noah Diffenbaugh, a professor of earth system science at Stanford. The late-autumn rains that typically end fire season have started later in recent years, he said, although it's not yet clear whether that's also climate-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oddly enough, those same effects can help protect the grape crop by accelerating ripening of the fruit and reducing the chance that unexpectedly early rains might damage it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine researchers have suggested vineyards might need to adjust harvest times, evaluate what they plant, even possibly move to cooler areas over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few grape growers are dramatically changing their practices yet. No one is talking about closing up shop or moving elsewhere. But winemakers are tinkering anyway — and everyone is buying backup generators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay Mauritson of Mauritson Wines said he and his family are experimenting with different pruning methods to increase shade on the plants, although they don't see any need to shift to new growing areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't want to be too dramatic or reactionary,\" he said. \"We are going to take baby steps to make sure we're prepared for what comes down.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation='Clay Mauritson, Mauritson Wines']'We are going to take baby steps to make sure we're prepared for what comes down.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourism, which is usually booming amid the fall colors and mild temperatures, has taken a serious blow. Evacuations of nearby Healdsburg and Windsor, along with planned blackouts by the region's utility, PG&E — plus, the widespread misperception that the vineyards themselves burned — led to a rash of cancellations for hotel, restaurant and tasting-room reservations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Bartolomei, owner of the upscale boutique hotel Farmhouse Inn in Forestville, said he would normally be sold out this time of year. But on Nov. 1, his inn had only two of 25 rooms filled. He's trying to get the message out that the county businesses are intact and open for visitors. But, he said, \"it's going to be a slow, gradual education.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitor numbers had just started recovering from a similar drop-off following the 2017 fires, said Sonoma County Tourism president Clauda Vecchio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the tourism bureau now plans to promote wine country as a spring destination rather than fall, and is devoting the bulk of its $750,000 advertising budget to that end. That means convincing visitors to come celebrate \"bud break,\" when green shoots make the vineyards colorful, rather than the harvest itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to boost tourism numbers to a level she'd like, Vecchio says she would really need roughly ten times the budget. The good news, Diffenbaugh said, is that people have a long history of figuring out how to thrive in all kinds of environments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Humans are really good at dealing with a variety of different conditions,\" he said. \"What climate change is doing is changing which conditions occur where.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sonoma County vineyards learn to thrive past all kinds of environments in order to keep business afloat. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1573337318,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":993},"headData":{"title":"Surviving Sonoma Vineyards Figure Out How to Attract Tourists, Adjust to Environment After Wildfires | KQED","description":"Sonoma County vineyards learn to thrive past all kinds of environments in order to keep business afloat. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Surviving Sonoma Vineyards Figure Out How to Attract Tourists, Adjust to Environment After Wildfires ","datePublished":"2019-11-09T22:08:38.000Z","dateModified":"2019-11-09T22:08:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11785982 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11785982","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/11/09/surviving-sonoma-vineyards-figure-out-how-to-attract-tourists-adjust-to-environment-after-wildfires/","disqusTitle":"Surviving Sonoma Vineyards Figure Out How to Attract Tourists, Adjust to Environment After Wildfires ","source":"ASSOCIATED PRESS","nprByline":"Rachel Lerman","path":"/news/11785982/surviving-sonoma-vineyards-figure-out-how-to-attract-tourists-adjust-to-environment-after-wildfires","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you're worried that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/search?q=fires&site=news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfires\u003c/a> might have created shortages of Northern California's 2019 cabernet sauvignon, or even just imparted it with an undesirable smoky flavor, you can relax. The wine is just fine. For now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite a late October blaze that raged through one of the world's best-known wine-growing regions, forcing evacuations in two mid-sized towns, wine production in Sonoma County escaped largely unscathed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limerick Lane Wines, for instance, avoided serious damage despite flames that licked at two sides of its property in the Russian River Valley just south of Healdsburg. Limerick's grapes were already harvested, crushed and stored in tanks and barrels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Our buildings are all surrounded by vineyards, and vineyards are excellent fire breaks.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"left","citation":"Jake Bilbro, Limerick Lane Wines","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery's sealed cellar prevented smoke damage to its inventory, said owner Jake Bilbro, although its tasting room now has an acrid smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have to thank the people who planted our vineyards and built our house 100 years ago,\" Bilbro said. \"Our buildings are all surrounded by vineyards, and vineyards are excellent fire breaks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, vintners estimate that the region lost only about five percent of its harvest to fire and smoke — not a perfect outcome, but better than in 2017, when wildfire struck with only about 90% of the harvest in. The remaining grapes weren't all lost, but that year's vintages were rumored to have a \"smoky\" taste, and winemakers were taking no chances this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Sonoma, a sprawling county larger than Rhode Island located about an hour north of San Francisco, say they're hoping that fires don't become the new normal. But with the smell of smoke lingers in the air and the charred hills serving as a reminder, they're also making plans in case they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire season isn't over yet, of course, and the now largely contained \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782314/what-you-need-to-know-sonoma-countys-kincade-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kincade fire\u003c/a> did incinerate the historic Soda Rock Winery, although most vineyards sustained no damage and lost no production. But the region has suffered a precipitous drop in fall tourism, which could undermine the economic health of its wineries and hospitality industry alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bret Munselle lost about half of the young vines he had planted just two months before when a fire raged through the upper part of his ranch at Munselle Vineyards in Alexander Valley, between Healdsburg and Geyserville. The drainage below the plants was also damaged, and will probably cost $150,000 to repair, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"fire","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could have been much worse if mature vineyards were more appealing to fire. Water-rich vines and grapes planted in plowed rows don't offer them much fuel, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My family has lived on this property for 130 years,\" Munselle said. \"We've never seen it burn from the tops of mountains to the valley floor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change is making summers warmer and drying out more forest brush, creating greater fuel reservoirs for wildfire, said Noah Diffenbaugh, a professor of earth system science at Stanford. The late-autumn rains that typically end fire season have started later in recent years, he said, although it's not yet clear whether that's also climate-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oddly enough, those same effects can help protect the grape crop by accelerating ripening of the fruit and reducing the chance that unexpectedly early rains might damage it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine researchers have suggested vineyards might need to adjust harvest times, evaluate what they plant, even possibly move to cooler areas over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few grape growers are dramatically changing their practices yet. No one is talking about closing up shop or moving elsewhere. But winemakers are tinkering anyway — and everyone is buying backup generators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay Mauritson of Mauritson Wines said he and his family are experimenting with different pruning methods to increase shade on the plants, although they don't see any need to shift to new growing areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't want to be too dramatic or reactionary,\" he said. \"We are going to take baby steps to make sure we're prepared for what comes down.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We are going to take baby steps to make sure we're prepared for what comes down.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"left","citation":"Clay Mauritson, Mauritson Wines","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourism, which is usually booming amid the fall colors and mild temperatures, has taken a serious blow. Evacuations of nearby Healdsburg and Windsor, along with planned blackouts by the region's utility, PG&E — plus, the widespread misperception that the vineyards themselves burned — led to a rash of cancellations for hotel, restaurant and tasting-room reservations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Bartolomei, owner of the upscale boutique hotel Farmhouse Inn in Forestville, said he would normally be sold out this time of year. But on Nov. 1, his inn had only two of 25 rooms filled. He's trying to get the message out that the county businesses are intact and open for visitors. But, he said, \"it's going to be a slow, gradual education.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitor numbers had just started recovering from a similar drop-off following the 2017 fires, said Sonoma County Tourism president Clauda Vecchio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the tourism bureau now plans to promote wine country as a spring destination rather than fall, and is devoting the bulk of its $750,000 advertising budget to that end. That means convincing visitors to come celebrate \"bud break,\" when green shoots make the vineyards colorful, rather than the harvest itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to boost tourism numbers to a level she'd like, Vecchio says she would really need roughly ten times the budget. The good news, Diffenbaugh said, is that people have a long history of figuring out how to thrive in all kinds of environments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Humans are really good at dealing with a variety of different conditions,\" he said. \"What climate change is doing is changing which conditions occur where.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11785982/surviving-sonoma-vineyards-figure-out-how-to-attract-tourists-adjust-to-environment-after-wildfires","authors":["byline_news_11785982"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_26914","news_4981","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11785999","label":"source_news_11785982"},"news_11661709":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11661709","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11661709","score":null,"sort":[1523649668000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs","title":"Should California Winemakers Be Worried About China's Tariffs?","publishDate":1523649668,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/julian-m-alston-460054\">Julian M. Alston\u003c/a> is Director of the Robert Mondavi Institute Center for Wine Economics; \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/daniel-sumner-164021\">Daniel Sumner\u003c/a> is Frank H. Buck, Jr, Distinguished Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics; and \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/olena-sambucci-460055\">Olena Sambucci\u003c/a> is a Postdoctoral Scholar in Agricultural and Resource Economics, all at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312\">University of California, Davis\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s vintners and grape growers are among the latest potential victims in the escalating trade spat between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to U.S. plans to impose import duties on goods from China, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/01/world/asia/china-tariffs-united-states.html\">reciprocated\u003c/a> by introducing new tariffs on 128 U.S. products, including an additional 15 percent import tariff on wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine producers in California are concerned about the immediate and longer-term implications of this new tariff, on top of those already in place. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lodinews.com/news/article_cb943f44-395d-11e8-9d3b-5b199814232a.html\">Reports have already begun to circulate\u003c/a> about orders being canceled, redirected or renegotiated as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How worried should U.S. winemakers be?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The U.S. Wine Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is a major player in the global wine industry both in terms of consumption and production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">consumed 3.59 billion liters of wine\u003c/a> in 2016, or about 11.1 liters per person. About a third of that was imported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of production, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/files/World_Wine_Production_by_Country_2015.pdf\">ranks fourth\u003c/a> after Italy, France and Spain – \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/statistics/article83\">making more than 3 billion liters\u003c/a> in 2016. California produced about 85 percent of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the vast majority of U.S. wine is consumed domestically, about 10 percent is shipped overseas. In 2017, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">exported 380 million liters\u003c/a> of wine worth US$1.46 billion. Canada was the top destination, importing 28 percent of the total, followed by the U.K. with 15 percent, Hong Kong at 8 percent and Japan with 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"4lR2z\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/4lR2z/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>China’s Small Share\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>China, for its part, imports quite a bit of wine. Very little, however, comes from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China imported some $2.37 billion worth of wine in 2016, most of which came from the European Union. Only \u003ca href=\"https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/visualize/tree_map/hs92/export/usa/show/2204/2016/\">$76 million\u003c/a>, or 2.2 percent, was American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"sAd9I\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/sAd9I/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That puts China sixth among top destinations for U.S. wine exports, with a share of about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">figures underestimate\u003c/a> the true value somewhat because more than half of Hong Kong’s imports are then shipped or smuggled to China. Even allowing for these adjustments, Chinese consumption of U.S. wine makes up less than 1 percent of the total value of American production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s clear that at the moment China is not all that important to most California wine producers. Why then are U.S. wine producers anxious about new tariffs disrupting trade to this relatively minor market?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although per capita consumption of wine in China remains very low, China is the world’s fastest-growing wine market and is expected to soon become the second largest, after the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2000 to 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Chinese wine consumption soared\u003c/a> from 219 million liters in 2000 to 1.24 billion liters in 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Some observers estimate\u003c/a> growth was even higher. Much of that consumption was imported – especially in the premium wine segment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/asia-and-other-emerging-regions/85F1403DA98F8B4BB57F837734D91589\">Economists who have studied these markets\u003c/a> project further significant growth in China’s demand for wine, including premium wine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would make getting pushed out of China especially troubling at a time when global per-capita wine consumption has been declining, especially in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"WKNFE\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WKNFE/1/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Already at a Disadvantage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even without the new tax, U.S. exporters were facing a tilted playing field that would have constrained the potential for increasing California’s market share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the new tariffs, China already collected a tariff of 14 percent on most U.S. wine – though it can reach as high as 20 percent in some categories. In contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">wine from some countries\u003c/a>, such as Chile, Georgia, New Zealand and, starting next year, Australia, enter China duty-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new tariff in effect, most American wines will incur duties of 29 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong, however, does offer a back door to U.S. wine. The China-governed island phased out its own steep tariffs on wine imports a decade ago. This has created an incentive for smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Market Lost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what does all this mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the small share of total U.S. wine currently going to China, the new tariff would not likely have a material effect on the American wine industry, whether in terms of domestic prices or producer bottom lines. Still, it will be disruptive for particular businesses especially in the near term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real concern for American wine producers is that high tariffs applied today may make U.S. wine too expensive and cause them to miss out as hundreds of millions of Chinese middle-income consumers increase their wine consumption over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/94607/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">More broadly, if the trade spat escalates to a trade war, serious damage will be done to all of U.S. agriculture, including grape and wine producers. Even more troubling, if the loss of trade causes broader damage to the U.S. economy, it could even affect demand for California wine in its most important market: the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs-94607\">The Conversation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Right now, China isn’t all that important to most California wine producers. So why are they anxious? It’s all about the future.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1523649668,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":882},"headData":{"title":"Should California Winemakers Be Worried About China's Tariffs? | KQED","description":"Right now, China isn’t all that important to most California wine producers. So why are they anxious? It’s all about the future.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Should California Winemakers Be Worried About China's Tariffs?","datePublished":"2018-04-13T20:01:08.000Z","dateModified":"2018-04-13T20:01:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11661709 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11661709","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/13/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs/","disqusTitle":"Should California Winemakers Be Worried About China's Tariffs?","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Julian M. Alston, Daniel Sumner, and Olena Sambucci\u003c/strong>\u003cbr />for \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/us\">The Conversation\u003c/a>\u003c/em>","path":"/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/julian-m-alston-460054\">Julian M. Alston\u003c/a> is Director of the Robert Mondavi Institute Center for Wine Economics; \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/daniel-sumner-164021\">Daniel Sumner\u003c/a> is Frank H. Buck, Jr, Distinguished Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics; and \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/olena-sambucci-460055\">Olena Sambucci\u003c/a> is a Postdoctoral Scholar in Agricultural and Resource Economics, all at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312\">University of California, Davis\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s vintners and grape growers are among the latest potential victims in the escalating trade spat between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to U.S. plans to impose import duties on goods from China, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/01/world/asia/china-tariffs-united-states.html\">reciprocated\u003c/a> by introducing new tariffs on 128 U.S. products, including an additional 15 percent import tariff on wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine producers in California are concerned about the immediate and longer-term implications of this new tariff, on top of those already in place. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lodinews.com/news/article_cb943f44-395d-11e8-9d3b-5b199814232a.html\">Reports have already begun to circulate\u003c/a> about orders being canceled, redirected or renegotiated as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How worried should U.S. winemakers be?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The U.S. Wine Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is a major player in the global wine industry both in terms of consumption and production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">consumed 3.59 billion liters of wine\u003c/a> in 2016, or about 11.1 liters per person. About a third of that was imported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of production, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/files/World_Wine_Production_by_Country_2015.pdf\">ranks fourth\u003c/a> after Italy, France and Spain – \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/statistics/article83\">making more than 3 billion liters\u003c/a> in 2016. California produced about 85 percent of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the vast majority of U.S. wine is consumed domestically, about 10 percent is shipped overseas. In 2017, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">exported 380 million liters\u003c/a> of wine worth US$1.46 billion. Canada was the top destination, importing 28 percent of the total, followed by the U.K. with 15 percent, Hong Kong at 8 percent and Japan with 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"4lR2z\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/4lR2z/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>China’s Small Share\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>China, for its part, imports quite a bit of wine. Very little, however, comes from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China imported some $2.37 billion worth of wine in 2016, most of which came from the European Union. Only \u003ca href=\"https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/visualize/tree_map/hs92/export/usa/show/2204/2016/\">$76 million\u003c/a>, or 2.2 percent, was American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"sAd9I\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/sAd9I/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That puts China sixth among top destinations for U.S. wine exports, with a share of about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">figures underestimate\u003c/a> the true value somewhat because more than half of Hong Kong’s imports are then shipped or smuggled to China. Even allowing for these adjustments, Chinese consumption of U.S. wine makes up less than 1 percent of the total value of American production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s clear that at the moment China is not all that important to most California wine producers. Why then are U.S. wine producers anxious about new tariffs disrupting trade to this relatively minor market?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although per capita consumption of wine in China remains very low, China is the world’s fastest-growing wine market and is expected to soon become the second largest, after the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2000 to 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Chinese wine consumption soared\u003c/a> from 219 million liters in 2000 to 1.24 billion liters in 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Some observers estimate\u003c/a> growth was even higher. Much of that consumption was imported – especially in the premium wine segment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/asia-and-other-emerging-regions/85F1403DA98F8B4BB57F837734D91589\">Economists who have studied these markets\u003c/a> project further significant growth in China’s demand for wine, including premium wine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would make getting pushed out of China especially troubling at a time when global per-capita wine consumption has been declining, especially in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"WKNFE\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WKNFE/1/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Already at a Disadvantage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even without the new tax, U.S. exporters were facing a tilted playing field that would have constrained the potential for increasing California’s market share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the new tariffs, China already collected a tariff of 14 percent on most U.S. wine – though it can reach as high as 20 percent in some categories. In contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">wine from some countries\u003c/a>, such as Chile, Georgia, New Zealand and, starting next year, Australia, enter China duty-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new tariff in effect, most American wines will incur duties of 29 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong, however, does offer a back door to U.S. wine. The China-governed island phased out its own steep tariffs on wine imports a decade ago. This has created an incentive for smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Market Lost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what does all this mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the small share of total U.S. wine currently going to China, the new tariff would not likely have a material effect on the American wine industry, whether in terms of domestic prices or producer bottom lines. Still, it will be disruptive for particular businesses especially in the near term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real concern for American wine producers is that high tariffs applied today may make U.S. wine too expensive and cause them to miss out as hundreds of millions of Chinese middle-income consumers increase their wine consumption over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/94607/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">More broadly, if the trade spat escalates to a trade war, serious damage will be done to all of U.S. agriculture, including grape and wine producers. Even more troubling, if the loss of trade causes broader damage to the U.S. economy, it could even affect demand for California wine in its most important market: the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs-94607\">The Conversation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs","authors":["byline_news_11661709"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18378","news_22935","news_6565","news_4981","news_22934","news_1275","news_6926","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11661711","label":"news_72"},"news_11630558":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11630558","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11630558","score":null,"sort":[1510616019000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"after-fires-california-wine-country-wants-tourists-back","title":"After Fires, California Wine Country Wants Tourists Back","publishDate":1510616019,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Buena Vista Winery in Sonoma Valley, founded in 1857, is considered the birthplace of California wine. The cavernous cellar, carved into a hill by Chinese laborers, has survived earthquakes, several owners and last month's fires in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the black tree stumps and scorched hills right next to the winery's buildings show just how close the flames came — less than 30 feet, says Tom Blackwood, general manager at Buena Vista.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire could not have come any closer without hitting the buildings. Buena Vista was surrounded by flames,\" says Blackwood, who credited firefighters with saving the winery, which withstood the fire untouched. \"We are so lucky.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11630560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1127_slide-97fef5c6557e6855632fb4ee9ded5437b51b4843-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Blackwood, general manager for Buena Vista, stands in front of the winery's cellar in Sonoma, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. Since the winery reopened two weeks ago, the number of visitors has dropped significantly, he said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But since Buena Vista reopened a couple of weeks ago, Blackwood is facing another problem: a big drop in visitors. During the month before the fires began, Buena Vista saw 6,000 visitors, says Blackwood. But since the winery reopened about two weeks ago, only 500 visitors have shown up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the fires hadn't happened we would probably see about 50 or more people here at the bar,\" says Blackwood, gazing at the winery's relatively quiet tasting room. \"What do we have here, like six people now at the bar?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month's fires in Northern California hit the wine country during peak tourist season. While some businesses burned, many others were forced to close temporarily because of lack of road access or bad air quality when the fires raged. Now that the danger has passed, wineries and restaurants across the region are open and want visitors to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the cancellations came from tourists who are not local, according to small businesses in Sonoma Valley — a region where burned hills, homes and cars can be seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630561\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11630561\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1175_slide-a0a1a658c750c4f61ffab3f3bfce2d1a27b48ebc-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charred hills are near vineyards in Sonoma Valley, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. Local wineries such as Buena Vista were close to the flames. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Once the fires were under control, we found that very few people had decided to return. There was initially a fear of the entire valley being burned,\" says Hunt Bailie, who owns a small Segway and bicycle tour company with his wife in the town of Sonoma. He said about 90 percent of his tours were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found that most folks are interested in returning, but they think it might be too soon,\" says Bailie. \"Typically, October is the time when we can save all the pennies until spring, but that month dried up for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the affected areas were \"very limited,\" news coverage all over the world mostly showed destruction from the fires, says Caroline Beteta, who heads Visit California, the organization tasked with attracting tourists to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"RX11kHRZI1YVXamaQzHFrBdheWljcq1D\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just the imagery alone I would argue did more damage than the actual damage to the tourism infrastructure,\" Beteta told a conference of wine marketers in Santa Rosa, the biggest city in Sonoma County. News images of charred houses and red glowing skies flashed behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Zahner, chief operations officer for Sonoma County Tourism, says most hotels and wineries in the county are fine, and are pouring in their tasting rooms today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The weather is mild. You know if you're in Chicago and it's November and it's snowing, out here it is not snowing. It's gorgeous,\" says Zahner, who was also attending the wine marketing conference. \"It's a good time to come visit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His group and Beteta's are trying to convince visitors to return to the region. Visit California launched a $2 million advertising campaign to bring back images of sunny vineyards and happy couples enjoying a glass of cabernet sauvignon — wine country images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630563\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11630563 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1140_slide-d7dd38dc95d4886ae44be2bda17ef2bce728eef0-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill and Debbie Hart (front) from Springfield, Missouri, visit Buena Vista in Sonoma, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. “There’s been some devastation but so many of the wineries are still open for business and we wanted to do our part to help support them,” said Debbie. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Economist Robert Eyler says it's too early to tell the economic impact of the fires on tourism. But he expects the county to overcome any downturn in visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The brand of Sonoma and wine country is going to survive because the brand is very, very established,\" says Eyler, a professor at Sonoma State University. \"This is something that is a brand challenge in the short term. I would be flabbergasted if it was in the long.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brand is something that local small business owners are counting on. People like Mingma Sherpa, who co-owns a Mexican restaurant about 2 miles from the fire line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigrant from Nepal estimates half of his customers are gone. Before the fires, at least one tour bus would stop here daily, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since that happened, most of them have canceled,\" says Sherpa, adding that the sudden loss in revenue forced him to cut shifts for servers and other employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's definitely tough. But this town is very special. So hopefully they'll come back,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tasting rooms have been nearly empty when normally they'd be packed.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1510688092,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":890},"headData":{"title":"After Fires, California Wine Country Wants Tourists Back | KQED","description":"Tasting rooms have been nearly empty when normally they'd be packed.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"After Fires, California Wine Country Wants Tourists Back","datePublished":"2017-11-13T23:33:39.000Z","dateModified":"2017-11-14T19:34:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11630558 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11630558","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/13/after-fires-california-wine-country-wants-tourists-back/","disqusTitle":"After Fires, California Wine Country Wants Tourists Back","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/11/RomeroSonomaTourism.mp3","nprImageCredit":"Justin Sullivan","nprByline":"\u003cstrong/>Farida Jhabvala Romero\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"563288201","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=563288201&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/11/563288201/after-fires-california-wine-country-wants-tourists-back?ft=nprml&f=563288201","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sat, 11 Nov 2017 19:41:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Sat, 11 Nov 2017 17:42:42 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sat, 11 Nov 2017 17:44:15 -0500","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2017/11/20171111_atc_after_fires_california_wine_country_wants_tourists_back.mp3?orgId=150&topicId=1006&d=235&p=2&story=563288201&ft=nprml&f=563288201","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1563551111-75ecd2.m3u?orgId=150&topicId=1006&d=235&p=2&story=563288201&ft=nprml&f=563288201","path":"/news/11630558/after-fires-california-wine-country-wants-tourists-back","audioDuration":154000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Buena Vista Winery in Sonoma Valley, founded in 1857, is considered the birthplace of California wine. The cavernous cellar, carved into a hill by Chinese laborers, has survived earthquakes, several owners and last month's fires in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the black tree stumps and scorched hills right next to the winery's buildings show just how close the flames came — less than 30 feet, says Tom Blackwood, general manager at Buena Vista.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire could not have come any closer without hitting the buildings. Buena Vista was surrounded by flames,\" says Blackwood, who credited firefighters with saving the winery, which withstood the fire untouched. \"We are so lucky.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11630560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1127_slide-97fef5c6557e6855632fb4ee9ded5437b51b4843-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Blackwood, general manager for Buena Vista, stands in front of the winery's cellar in Sonoma, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. Since the winery reopened two weeks ago, the number of visitors has dropped significantly, he said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But since Buena Vista reopened a couple of weeks ago, Blackwood is facing another problem: a big drop in visitors. During the month before the fires began, Buena Vista saw 6,000 visitors, says Blackwood. But since the winery reopened about two weeks ago, only 500 visitors have shown up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the fires hadn't happened we would probably see about 50 or more people here at the bar,\" says Blackwood, gazing at the winery's relatively quiet tasting room. \"What do we have here, like six people now at the bar?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month's fires in Northern California hit the wine country during peak tourist season. While some businesses burned, many others were forced to close temporarily because of lack of road access or bad air quality when the fires raged. Now that the danger has passed, wineries and restaurants across the region are open and want visitors to return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the cancellations came from tourists who are not local, according to small businesses in Sonoma Valley — a region where burned hills, homes and cars can be seen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630561\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11630561\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1175_slide-a0a1a658c750c4f61ffab3f3bfce2d1a27b48ebc-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charred hills are near vineyards in Sonoma Valley, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. Local wineries such as Buena Vista were close to the flames. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Once the fires were under control, we found that very few people had decided to return. There was initially a fear of the entire valley being burned,\" says Hunt Bailie, who owns a small Segway and bicycle tour company with his wife in the town of Sonoma. He said about 90 percent of his tours were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found that most folks are interested in returning, but they think it might be too soon,\" says Bailie. \"Typically, October is the time when we can save all the pennies until spring, but that month dried up for us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the affected areas were \"very limited,\" news coverage all over the world mostly showed destruction from the fires, says Caroline Beteta, who heads Visit California, the organization tasked with attracting tourists to the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just the imagery alone I would argue did more damage than the actual damage to the tourism infrastructure,\" Beteta told a conference of wine marketers in Santa Rosa, the biggest city in Sonoma County. News images of charred houses and red glowing skies flashed behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Zahner, chief operations officer for Sonoma County Tourism, says most hotels and wineries in the county are fine, and are pouring in their tasting rooms today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The weather is mild. You know if you're in Chicago and it's November and it's snowing, out here it is not snowing. It's gorgeous,\" says Zahner, who was also attending the wine marketing conference. \"It's a good time to come visit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His group and Beteta's are trying to convince visitors to return to the region. Visit California launched a $2 million advertising campaign to bring back images of sunny vineyards and happy couples enjoying a glass of cabernet sauvignon — wine country images.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11630563\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11630563 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/img_1140_slide-d7dd38dc95d4886ae44be2bda17ef2bce728eef0-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill and Debbie Hart (front) from Springfield, Missouri, visit Buena Vista in Sonoma, California, on Nov. 7, 2017. “There’s been some devastation but so many of the wineries are still open for business and we wanted to do our part to help support them,” said Debbie. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Economist Robert Eyler says it's too early to tell the economic impact of the fires on tourism. But he expects the county to overcome any downturn in visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The brand of Sonoma and wine country is going to survive because the brand is very, very established,\" says Eyler, a professor at Sonoma State University. \"This is something that is a brand challenge in the short term. I would be flabbergasted if it was in the long.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brand is something that local small business owners are counting on. People like Mingma Sherpa, who co-owns a Mexican restaurant about 2 miles from the fire line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immigrant from Nepal estimates half of his customers are gone. Before the fires, at least one tour bus would stop here daily, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since that happened, most of them have canceled,\" says Sherpa, adding that the sudden loss in revenue forced him to cut shifts for servers and other employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's definitely tough. But this town is very special. So hopefully they'll come back,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11630558/after-fires-california-wine-country-wants-tourists-back","authors":["byline_news_11630558"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_333","news_21773","news_17041","news_21991"],"featImg":"news_11630559","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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