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Murrow Award for investigative reporting and a Golden Mic Award from the RTNDA of Southern California.\r\n\r\nJulie began her career in journalism in 2000 as the deputy foreign editor for public radio's \u003cem>Marketplace, \u003c/em>while earning her master's degree in journalism from USC’s Annenberg School of Communication.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@SmallRadio2","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Julie Small | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/jsmall"},"slewis":{"type":"authors","id":"8676","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"8676","found":true},"name":"Sukey Lewis","firstName":"Sukey","lastName":"Lewis","slug":"slewis","email":"slewis@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Sukey Lewis is a criminal justice reporter and host of \u003cem>On Our Watch\u003c/em>, a new podcast from NPR and KQED about the shadow world of police discipline. 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Send news tips to slewis@kqed.org.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03fd6b21024f99d8b0a1966654586de7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"SukeyLewis","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author","edit_others_posts"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sukey Lewis | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03fd6b21024f99d8b0a1966654586de7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/03fd6b21024f99d8b0a1966654586de7?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/slewis"},"vrancano":{"type":"authors","id":"11276","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11276","found":true},"name":"Vanessa Rancaño","firstName":"Vanessa","lastName":"Rancaño","slug":"vrancano","email":"vrancano@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Reporter, Housing","bio":"Vanessa Rancaño reports on housing and homelessness for KQED. She’s also covered education for the station and reported from the Central Valley. Her work has aired across public radio, from flagship national news shows to longform narrative podcasts. Before taking up a mic, she worked as a freelance print journalist. She’s been recognized with a number of national and regional awards. Vanessa grew up in California's Central Valley. She's a former NPR Kroc Fellow, and a graduate of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"vanessarancano","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Vanessa Rancaño | KQED","description":"Reporter, Housing","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/vrancano"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11808282":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11808282","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11808282","score":null,"sort":[1585007683000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-prisons-are-a-tinderbox-of-potential-infection-former-cdcr-secretary-warns","title":"California Prisons Are a 'Tinderbox of Potential Infection,' Former CDCR Secretary Warns","publishDate":1585007683,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>A man held at the California State Prison in Los Angeles County is the first inmate in the state to test positive for COVID-19, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. He was put in isolation on March 19 after telling staff he felt sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, five correctional officers in three different prisons — California Institution for Men in Chino, Folsom State Prison and California State Prison, Sacramento — have also been diagnosed with the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. An employee at San Quentin State Prison reported on Friday to have tested positive for COVID-19 does not in fact have the disease, prison officials said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott Kernan, a former secretary of CDCR, is among officials and inmate rights groups expressing concern over a potentially widespread outbreak in the state’s prisons and jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think cruise ships are a petri dish?” Kernan said in an interview Monday. “Prisons are even more so the mass of humanity. So I'm very concerned about my colleagues and the inmates and their families in jails and prisons across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said state leaders need to look at all options to reduce the prison population to mitigate the worst impacts of an outbreak. The state’s prisons are overcrowded, operating at about 130% of capacity, with more than 123,000 people incarcerated across California. An additional 65,000 people work for the state prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, all Board of Parole Hearings, which generally assess prisoners who are eligible for release, have been suspended for at least a week. In-person visits and nearly all rehabilitative and educational programs have been canceled in an attempt to slow the spread of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said the lack of activities and connection is also likely to take a toll on people being held in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's a tinderbox of potential infection as you go forward, especially if you are just watching what's going on around the world,” he said. “I know Italy and Brazil had serious violence and even escapes and murders in the jails as a result of COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR posted a list of precautions the department is implementing, which includes social distancing, a two-week quarantine for all new inmates and immediate isolation for anyone who has a fever, to prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Coronavirus Coverage' tag='coronavirus']But the Prison Law Office and a number of other advocacy groups are also pushing for the state to do more to protect the elderly and those with compromised immune systems in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've been imploring the state through various channels to do what county jails are doing all over the state, which is reduce the density of the population by releasing people who are low risk,” said Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Santa Clara County and Alameda County sheriffs both moved to release hundreds of people early from jail. San Francisco courts have ordered dozens of inmates released early. Contra Costa County is also looking at steps to cut down the number of people held in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a group of 28 advocacy organizations wrote a letter to California Attorney General Xavier Becerra requesting the state’s top cop expand these localized efforts by directing all sheriffs to release people who have six months or less left on their sentences and asking local law enforcement to reduce arrests and bookings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without action, thousands will likely die with the suffering falling disproportionately on low-income families, particularly Black and Latinx families,” the letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom addressed the calls from advocates in his Monday afternoon briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no interest — and I want to make this crystal clear — in releasing violent criminals from our system. I won’t use a crisis as an excuse to create another crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he has a task force looking at how to release people incarcerated for non-violent crimes in a “deliberative” way. He warned that the large-scale release of tens of thousands of prisoners called for by advocacy groups could cause a whole new set of problems for emergency medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start to release prisoners that are not prepared with their parole plans, they may end up out on the streets and sidewalks, in a homeless shelter,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the prison system has not announced any concrete steps to release people. A spokesperson for CDCR declined to answer questions, but said the department has been posting all COVID-19 updates directly on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are continuously evaluating and implementing proactive measures to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and keep our CDCR population and the community-at-large safe,” the CDCR website says. “Additional measures will continue to be developed based on the rapidly-evolving situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Advocates call for reducing prison population as one inmate and five staff members from four different institutions test positive for COVID-19.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1586791397,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":844},"headData":{"title":"California Prisons Are a 'Tinderbox of Potential Infection,' Former CDCR Secretary Warns | KQED","description":"Advocates call for reducing prison population as one inmate and five staff members from four different institutions test positive for COVID-19.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California Prisons Are a 'Tinderbox of Potential Infection,' Former CDCR Secretary Warns","datePublished":"2020-03-23T23:54:43.000Z","dateModified":"2020-04-13T15:23:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11808282 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11808282","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/03/23/california-prisons-are-a-tinderbox-of-potential-infection-former-cdcr-secretary-warns/","disqusTitle":"California Prisons Are a 'Tinderbox of Potential Infection,' Former CDCR Secretary Warns","source":"Coronavirus","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirus","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/562fb646-e6af-45b0-8098-ab88000c4299/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11808282/california-prisons-are-a-tinderbox-of-potential-infection-former-cdcr-secretary-warns","audioDuration":230000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A man held at the California State Prison in Los Angeles County is the first inmate in the state to test positive for COVID-19, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. He was put in isolation on March 19 after telling staff he felt sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, five correctional officers in three different prisons — California Institution for Men in Chino, Folsom State Prison and California State Prison, Sacramento — have also been diagnosed with the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. An employee at San Quentin State Prison reported on Friday to have tested positive for COVID-19 does not in fact have the disease, prison officials said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scott Kernan, a former secretary of CDCR, is among officials and inmate rights groups expressing concern over a potentially widespread outbreak in the state’s prisons and jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You think cruise ships are a petri dish?” Kernan said in an interview Monday. “Prisons are even more so the mass of humanity. So I'm very concerned about my colleagues and the inmates and their families in jails and prisons across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said state leaders need to look at all options to reduce the prison population to mitigate the worst impacts of an outbreak. The state’s prisons are overcrowded, operating at about 130% of capacity, with more than 123,000 people incarcerated across California. An additional 65,000 people work for the state prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, all Board of Parole Hearings, which generally assess prisoners who are eligible for release, have been suspended for at least a week. In-person visits and nearly all rehabilitative and educational programs have been canceled in an attempt to slow the spread of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kernan said the lack of activities and connection is also likely to take a toll on people being held in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's a tinderbox of potential infection as you go forward, especially if you are just watching what's going on around the world,” he said. “I know Italy and Brazil had serious violence and even escapes and murders in the jails as a result of COVID-19.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR posted a list of precautions the department is implementing, which includes social distancing, a two-week quarantine for all new inmates and immediate isolation for anyone who has a fever, to prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More Coronavirus Coverage ","tag":"coronavirus"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the Prison Law Office and a number of other advocacy groups are also pushing for the state to do more to protect the elderly and those with compromised immune systems in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've been imploring the state through various channels to do what county jails are doing all over the state, which is reduce the density of the population by releasing people who are low risk,” said Don Specter, executive director of the Prison Law Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the Santa Clara County and Alameda County sheriffs both moved to release hundreds of people early from jail. San Francisco courts have ordered dozens of inmates released early. Contra Costa County is also looking at steps to cut down the number of people held in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, a group of 28 advocacy organizations wrote a letter to California Attorney General Xavier Becerra requesting the state’s top cop expand these localized efforts by directing all sheriffs to release people who have six months or less left on their sentences and asking local law enforcement to reduce arrests and bookings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without action, thousands will likely die with the suffering falling disproportionately on low-income families, particularly Black and Latinx families,” the letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom addressed the calls from advocates in his Monday afternoon briefing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no interest — and I want to make this crystal clear — in releasing violent criminals from our system. I won’t use a crisis as an excuse to create another crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said he has a task force looking at how to release people incarcerated for non-violent crimes in a “deliberative” way. He warned that the large-scale release of tens of thousands of prisoners called for by advocacy groups could cause a whole new set of problems for emergency medical providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we start to release prisoners that are not prepared with their parole plans, they may end up out on the streets and sidewalks, in a homeless shelter,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the prison system has not announced any concrete steps to release people. A spokesperson for CDCR declined to answer questions, but said the department has been posting all COVID-19 updates directly on its website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are continuously evaluating and implementing proactive measures to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and keep our CDCR population and the community-at-large safe,” the CDCR website says. “Additional measures will continue to be developed based on the rapidly-evolving situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11808282/california-prisons-are-a-tinderbox-of-potential-infection-former-cdcr-secretary-warns","authors":["8676","3239","6625"],"categories":["news_457","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_616","news_27350","news_27504","news_17725","news_2727","news_2867","news_1471"],"featImg":"news_11808288","label":"source_news_11808282"},"news_11775030":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11775030","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11775030","score":null,"sort":[1568980832000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-college-education-in-prison-opens-unexpected-path-to-freedom","title":"A College Education in Prison Opens Unexpected Path to Freedom","publishDate":1568980832,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Dream | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>One of the first things Charlie Praphatananda did when he got out of prison was vomit. After 22 years inside, hurtling down the freeway at 70 miles an hour was overwhelming, a feeling he’d have again and again in the coming days and weeks as he learned how to send text messages, use Facebook and reconnect with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day he got out, he knew there was one place he could get his bearings: California State University, Los Angeles. After puking on the side of the road, he headed to campus, where he got his student ID. Though his hair was a mess in the photo, he was proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Daniel Whitlow, 39, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster']'They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don't know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.'[/pullquote]A year earlier, Praphatananda was serving a life sentence without the possibility of parole. He was also three years into a bachelor’s degree program — one of 42 men participating in an experiment that tests the limits of the public university mission to spread educational opportunity far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA's Prison Graduation Initiative is the state’s only public B.A. program sending professors to teach behind bars. College programs like it were once far more common, but today advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schatz.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/REAL%20Act,%20116th.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal legislation\u003c/a> that would make grant aid available has bipartisan support, and in California \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a bill\u003c/a> to open the state’s financial aid program to incarcerated students has been sent to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the time being, Cal State has made its program work, mostly on private grants. And while it has provided prisoners an undergraduate education, it’s also offered men like Praphatananda something no one expected: a path to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcending Trauma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More stories from 'The College Try' series\" tag=\"college-try\"]Once a month, Taffany Lim makes the 70-mile drive from L.A. to the maximum security state prison in Lancaster, a concrete island in the high desert. Lim helped create the B.A. program here and runs it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since launching the first class four years ago she has become something between a principal and a mom figure to the men in the program. They call her Miss Taffany and treat her with a sort of saintly reverence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can't get over the fact that our tenure track faculty, our staff, would travel 90 minutes each way to be with them,” said Lim, senior director of Cal State LA’s Center for Engagement, Service and the Public Good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four nights a week, a Cal State professor teaches a three-hour class at the prison that builds toward a bachelor’s in communications. It wasn’t the guys’ first choice, but the business degree they lobbied for was off the table because they lacked the math coursework. Still, they’ve found unexpected meaning in the choice of major.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a stroke of genius,” said Daniel Whitlow, 39, who has been in prison since he was 17. “They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don't know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775121\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at California State Prison, Los Angeles County, in Lancaster. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The program lives at the prison’s A Yard, a place the men describe as a haven from the brutality of standard prison life, where, as Whitlow puts it: “We are not taught anything other than to perpetuate everything that made us into who we were at that moment when we committed our crime.” All he knew was survival, he said, until he came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Yard, the progressive programming facility, is a place reserved for men who have earned access to some of the state prison system’s richest rehabilitative services through good conduct. Here, men serving long, often life, sentences put on theatre productions, play music, train service dogs and embrace self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in this context, though, they say the B.A. program is a paradigm shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” Whitlow said. “I've grown decades in the space of three or four years. I've learned everything about myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Public Education Is Really Our Only Option’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the heyday of correctional education in the U.S. in the 1970s, school was seen as crucial for successful rehabilitation, and college-level courses played an important role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='James Cain, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster']'If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.'[/pullquote]“There was an understanding that postsecondary education is one of the few things that really gives people enough skill to make a decent living when they get out,” said retired professor Carolyn Eggleston, who co-founded the Center for the Study of Correctional Education at CSU San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the national political climate began to change, support eroded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will soon have the best educated prison population in the world — but we will have sacrificed the hopes and dreams of hundreds of thousands of our young men and women, who always have been good citizens,” then Sen. Kay Hutchison of Texas told \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Aaa93e664-6c74-475f-9f48-abce817529b7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress\u003c/a> in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the following year, Hutchison’s amendment to the federal crime bill had banned incarcerated students from accessing \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/types/grants-scholarships/pell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pell Grant\u003c/a> aid to help pay for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without that source of funding, programs began to crumble. Within a decade, the number of prisoners in college classes dropped by \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">half\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775123\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11775123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tiffany Lam, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates at Lancaster state prison in fall 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taffany Lim, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates during an event at a state prison in Lancaster in fall 2019. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, about 4% of the nation’s accredited higher education institutions \u003ca href=\"https://prisoneducationproject.utah.edu/research-collaborative-on-higher-education-in-prison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teach\u003c/a> for-credit classes in prison, according to the University of Utah’s Research Collaborative on Higher Education in Prison. Most are community colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='inmates' label='Related Coverage']California has become a national leader in prison education since 2014, when state lawmakers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1391\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opened the door\u003c/a> for community colleges to begin teaching inside. There are now in-person community college classes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cccco.edu/-/media/CCCCO-Website/About-Us/Reports/Files/CCCCO_Report_Incarcerated_Students-final-ADA.ashx?la=en&hash=D771177F2CF5EC5DBC521A18CFB0CDE8911FF365\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in all\u003c/a> but one prison in the state, enrolling some 4,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections community, lawmakers and others, including some victims' rights advocates, have generally been supportive of expanding higher education in prison in recent years. Those raising \u003ca href=\"https://prisonuniversityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/PUP-Newsletter-Spring-2019-Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concerns\u003c/a> about bringing back Pell often work in prison education themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Castro, who runs the University of Utah collaborative and oversees the school’s in-prison college program, points out that though many more programs existed before the ban on Pell, the quality was dubious in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports lifting the ban on Pell for prisoners, she has a key caveat: “Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it,” she said. “So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates are hopeful federal aid could help more public schools reach incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the size of our criminal justice population and the scale of mass incarceration … our public higher education system is really our only option,” said Stanford Criminal Justice Center executive director Debbie Mukamal, who co-directs a statewide \u003ca href=\"https://correctionstocollegeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">initiative\u003c/a> to expand college opportunities for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s program is the first attempt to bring the state’s public four-year university system to bear on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrisonToCollege.mp3\" title=\"Part One\" program=\"California Dream\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39225_Roy-teaching-inmates-BA-program.026-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Other Fork in Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bidhan Roy first visited A Yard as a volunteer, the Cal State English professor heard from inmates who had amassed a collection of associate’s degrees and were hungry to continue their education. As the number of students working toward such degrees behind bars in California has grown, so has the demand for bachelor’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roy has also come to believe the degree holds special meaning for his incarcerated students because most of them went to prison at the age other young people went away to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Praphatananda, education never felt like one. He said he was diagnosed with dyslexia and other learning disabilities in fourth grade. “School was just a constant reminder of my shortcomings and failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted and are finishing their degrees on the Cal State LA campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted. He is now finishing his degree on the Cal State LA campus. (This image has been altered to conceal Praphatananda's student identification number.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charlie Praphatananda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when he got kicked out during his junior year of high school, Praphatananda didn’t care. He spent his late teenage years getting in trouble. At 20, he took part in a robbery that ended in a murder and a life sentence without parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Praphatananda had exhausted his appeals, he had to face down his sentence. “You come to this crossroads where you realize that when they say life without, they mean literally you're not ever going to get out of prison,” he said. “And you have to make that choice of what you're going to do with your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he saw it, he had two options: drown himself in drugs until he ran out of money, or try to make the best of it. He opted to earn his GED, then associate’s degree, and was one of Cal State LA’s first students behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of Praphatananda’s classmates in the program have similar histories, and were convicted of equally serious crimes. The sheer number of life sentences on A Yard might have discouraged a less determined advocate, but Roy is guided by a belief that education is a universal right, and foreclosing on human potential isn’t his thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Bidhan Roy, a Cal State LA English professor teaching inmates at the California State Prison in Lancaster']'In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option.'[/pullquote]In contrast with the victims’ rights advocates of the ‘90s who opposed investing in such programs, the executive director of the National Center for Victims of Crime shares that view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather have people who are rehabilitated and can contribute to society than people who are just rotting in a prison cell,” said Mai Fernandez. While she notes she doesn’t speak for all victims, she added: “There are a lot of offenders who have severe trauma backgrounds. We need to look at them also as victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Almost Always a Backlash’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Cal State LA’s program can be scaled isn’t clear. It’s a massive logistical and financial undertaking that costs the school about $12,000 a year per student, according to administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/pell-secondchance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pilot\u003c/a> that allows some prisoners to once again access Pell Grants, and as more and more students begin to use those funds, administrators may be able to rely less on private money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But program coordinator Lim said basic hurdles — like finding Social Security numbers — can stand in the way of getting the funding, not to mention basic \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/eligibility/basic-criteria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">restrictions\u003c/a> on aid that leave many inmates ineligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775119\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775119\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1200x804.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Burnett, who just had his sentence commuted after 27 years in prison, said after he started working toward a B.A., his stepdaughter was inspired to enroll at Cal State LA, and his nieces and nephews have since started going to school. “This thing right here that we're doing,” he said, “it’s transcending this facility.” \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/publications/investing-in-futures-education-in-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from the Vera Institute of Justice estimates some 463,000 people in prisons nationwide would be eligible for Pell Grants if the ban were lifted. In California, they estimate, reduced recidivism associated with Pell access would save close to $70 million a year in incarceration costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Erin Castro, who oversees the in-prison college program at the University of Utah']'Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it. So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.'[/pullquote]Recidivism rates in California are stubbornly high: About half of people coming out of California prisons end up getting convicted of another crime — a rate that hasn’t changed in 10 years, the state auditor \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.auditor.ca.gov%2Fpdfs%2Freports%2F2018-113.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">found\u003c/a>, despite increased investment in rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school is a powerful tool against those odds. A major \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> by the RAND Corp. found taking classes in prison cuts the chances of getting locked up again by 43%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggleston, who spent over four decades studying prison education, has watched the ebb and flow of investment over the years and is heartened by what she sees today — but worries it won’t last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's almost always a backlash,” she said. “We lose post-secondary first because of the idea that it's too much to give those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrison2College2way.mp3\" title=\"Part Two\" program=\"California Dream\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39224_Roy-Lancaster_fall2019_163-qut.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Prison Education to Freedom \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='california-prisons' label='More Coverage']For Cal State’s incarcerated students, the college experience has been transformational — one that has allowed them to believe, often for the first time in their lives, that they hold some value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's been the most amazing experience of my entire life, as either a free man or as an incarcerated human being,” said James Cain, who has been in prison for 13 years. “If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the men of A Yard, education has become a kind of freedom. But it’s also led to liberation of the literal sort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the program began, five men have had their life sentences commuted. Three are finishing their degrees on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Praphatananda is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/August-2018-Pardons-and-Commutations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the latest\u003c/a>. At 43, Praphatananda has lived more of his life in prison than outside. It took him decades of good conduct and dedicated self-improvement to merit commutation, but the support of Cal State LA went a long way toward proving he should get a second chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in and I had life without, I had given up on trying to ever get out,” he said. “To go from that perspective to — ‘I'm out here now, I get to go to college, I get to spend time with my family, I get to work’ — that is a blessing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"College programs were far more common in the 1970s, but support for them eroded. Advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1579043470,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":61,"wordCount":2764},"headData":{"title":"A College Education in Prison Opens Unexpected Path to Freedom | KQED","description":"College programs were far more common in the 1970s, but support for them eroded. Advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"A College Education in Prison Opens Unexpected Path to Freedom","datePublished":"2019-09-20T12:00:32.000Z","dateModified":"2020-01-14T23:11:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11775030 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11775030","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/09/20/a-college-education-in-prison-opens-unexpected-path-to-freedom/","disqusTitle":"A College Education in Prison Opens Unexpected Path to Freedom","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrison2College2way.mp3","audioTrackLength":450,"path":"/news/11775030/a-college-education-in-prison-opens-unexpected-path-to-freedom","audioDuration":450000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the first things Charlie Praphatananda did when he got out of prison was vomit. After 22 years inside, hurtling down the freeway at 70 miles an hour was overwhelming, a feeling he’d have again and again in the coming days and weeks as he learned how to send text messages, use Facebook and reconnect with his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the day he got out, he knew there was one place he could get his bearings: California State University, Los Angeles. After puking on the side of the road, he headed to campus, where he got his student ID. Though his hair was a mess in the photo, he was proud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don't know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Daniel Whitlow, 39, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A year earlier, Praphatananda was serving a life sentence without the possibility of parole. He was also three years into a bachelor’s degree program — one of 42 men participating in an experiment that tests the limits of the public university mission to spread educational opportunity far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA's Prison Graduation Initiative is the state’s only public B.A. program sending professors to teach behind bars. College programs like it were once far more common, but today advocates are hopeful the political winds have shifted enough to bring public dollars back to prison education. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schatz.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/REAL%20Act,%20116th.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal legislation\u003c/a> that would make grant aid available has bipartisan support, and in California \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a bill\u003c/a> to open the state’s financial aid program to incarcerated students has been sent to the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the time being, Cal State has made its program work, mostly on private grants. And while it has provided prisoners an undergraduate education, it’s also offered men like Praphatananda something no one expected: a path to freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcending Trauma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More stories from 'The College Try' series ","tag":"college-try"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Once a month, Taffany Lim makes the 70-mile drive from L.A. to the maximum security state prison in Lancaster, a concrete island in the high desert. Lim helped create the B.A. program here and runs it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since launching the first class four years ago she has become something between a principal and a mom figure to the men in the program. They call her Miss Taffany and treat her with a sort of saintly reverence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can't get over the fact that our tenure track faculty, our staff, would travel 90 minutes each way to be with them,” said Lim, senior director of Cal State LA’s Center for Engagement, Service and the Public Good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four nights a week, a Cal State professor teaches a three-hour class at the prison that builds toward a bachelor’s in communications. It wasn’t the guys’ first choice, but the business degree they lobbied for was off the table because they lacked the math coursework. Still, they’ve found unexpected meaning in the choice of major.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a stroke of genius,” said Daniel Whitlow, 39, who has been in prison since he was 17. “They taught a bunch of traumatized people, that don't know how to communicate, how to communicate and transcend their trauma.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775121\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Daniel-Whitlow-inmates-BA-program.028-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” said Daniel Whitlow, an inmate and student at California State Prison, Los Angeles County, in Lancaster. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The program lives at the prison’s A Yard, a place the men describe as a haven from the brutality of standard prison life, where, as Whitlow puts it: “We are not taught anything other than to perpetuate everything that made us into who we were at that moment when we committed our crime.” All he knew was survival, he said, until he came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Yard, the progressive programming facility, is a place reserved for men who have earned access to some of the state prison system’s richest rehabilitative services through good conduct. Here, men serving long, often life, sentences put on theatre productions, play music, train service dogs and embrace self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in this context, though, they say the B.A. program is a paradigm shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into college, that opened my mind to something completely different,” Whitlow said. “I've grown decades in the space of three or four years. I've learned everything about myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Public Education Is Really Our Only Option’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the heyday of correctional education in the U.S. in the 1970s, school was seen as crucial for successful rehabilitation, and college-level courses played an important role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"James Cain, an inmate and student at the California State Prison in Lancaster","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There was an understanding that postsecondary education is one of the few things that really gives people enough skill to make a decent living when they get out,” said retired professor Carolyn Eggleston, who co-founded the Center for the Study of Correctional Education at CSU San Bernardino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the national political climate began to change, support eroded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will soon have the best educated prison population in the world — but we will have sacrificed the hopes and dreams of hundreds of thousands of our young men and women, who always have been good citizens,” then Sen. Kay Hutchison of Texas told \u003ca href=\"https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/track?uri=urn%3Aaaid%3Ascds%3AUS%3Aaa93e664-6c74-475f-9f48-abce817529b7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress\u003c/a> in 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the following year, Hutchison’s amendment to the federal crime bill had banned incarcerated students from accessing \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/types/grants-scholarships/pell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pell Grant\u003c/a> aid to help pay for school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without that source of funding, programs began to crumble. Within a decade, the number of prisoners in college classes dropped by \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">half\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775123\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11775123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Tiffany Lam, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates at Lancaster state prison in fall 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_taffany_Burnett-and-Lim-Lancaster_fall2019_114-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Taffany Lim, who helped to create the B.A. program and now runs it, greets participating student inmates during an event at a state prison in Lancaster in fall 2019. \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, about 4% of the nation’s accredited higher education institutions \u003ca href=\"https://prisoneducationproject.utah.edu/research-collaborative-on-higher-education-in-prison/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teach\u003c/a> for-credit classes in prison, according to the University of Utah’s Research Collaborative on Higher Education in Prison. Most are community colleges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"inmates","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California has become a national leader in prison education since 2014, when state lawmakers \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1391\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opened the door\u003c/a> for community colleges to begin teaching inside. There are now in-person community college classes \u003ca href=\"https://www.cccco.edu/-/media/CCCCO-Website/About-Us/Reports/Files/CCCCO_Report_Incarcerated_Students-final-ADA.ashx?la=en&hash=D771177F2CF5EC5DBC521A18CFB0CDE8911FF365\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in all\u003c/a> but one prison in the state, enrolling some 4,000 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corrections community, lawmakers and others, including some victims' rights advocates, have generally been supportive of expanding higher education in prison in recent years. Those raising \u003ca href=\"https://prisonuniversityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/PUP-Newsletter-Spring-2019-Web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concerns\u003c/a> about bringing back Pell often work in prison education themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Castro, who runs the University of Utah collaborative and oversees the school’s in-prison college program, points out that though many more programs existed before the ban on Pell, the quality was dubious in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports lifting the ban on Pell for prisoners, she has a key caveat: “Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it,” she said. “So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some advocates are hopeful federal aid could help more public schools reach incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the size of our criminal justice population and the scale of mass incarceration … our public higher education system is really our only option,” said Stanford Criminal Justice Center executive director Debbie Mukamal, who co-directs a statewide \u003ca href=\"https://correctionstocollegeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">initiative\u003c/a> to expand college opportunities for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal State LA’s program is the first attempt to bring the state’s public four-year university system to bear on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrisonToCollege.mp3","title":"Part One","program":"California Dream","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39225_Roy-teaching-inmates-BA-program.026-qut.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Other Fork in Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bidhan Roy first visited A Yard as a volunteer, the Cal State English professor heard from inmates who had amassed a collection of associate’s degrees and were hungry to continue their education. As the number of students working toward such degrees behind bars in California has grown, so has the demand for bachelor’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roy has also come to believe the degree holds special meaning for his incarcerated students because most of them went to prison at the age other young people went away to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Praphatananda, education never felt like one. He said he was diagnosed with dyslexia and other learning disabilities in fourth grade. “School was just a constant reminder of my shortcomings and failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775149\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775149\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted and are finishing their degrees on the Cal State LA campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1200x901.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Charlie-ID-card-fixed-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Praphatananda is one of five students who had their life sentences commuted. He is now finishing his degree on the Cal State LA campus. (This image has been altered to conceal Praphatananda's student identification number.) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charlie Praphatananda)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when he got kicked out during his junior year of high school, Praphatananda didn’t care. He spent his late teenage years getting in trouble. At 20, he took part in a robbery that ended in a murder and a life sentence without parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Praphatananda had exhausted his appeals, he had to face down his sentence. “You come to this crossroads where you realize that when they say life without, they mean literally you're not ever going to get out of prison,” he said. “And you have to make that choice of what you're going to do with your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he saw it, he had two options: drown himself in drugs until he ran out of money, or try to make the best of it. He opted to earn his GED, then associate’s degree, and was one of Cal State LA’s first students behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of Praphatananda’s classmates in the program have similar histories, and were convicted of equally serious crimes. The sheer number of life sentences on A Yard might have discouraged a less determined advocate, but Roy is guided by a belief that education is a universal right, and foreclosing on human potential isn’t his thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'In a kind of symbolic way it represented the other fork in life. But also the fork, for most of them, that was never an option.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Bidhan Roy, a Cal State LA English professor teaching inmates at the California State Prison in Lancaster","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In contrast with the victims’ rights advocates of the ‘90s who opposed investing in such programs, the executive director of the National Center for Victims of Crime shares that view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d rather have people who are rehabilitated and can contribute to society than people who are just rotting in a prison cell,” said Mai Fernandez. While she notes she doesn’t speak for all victims, she added: “There are a lot of offenders who have severe trauma backgrounds. We need to look at them also as victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Almost Always a Backlash’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Cal State LA’s program can be scaled isn’t clear. It’s a massive logistical and financial undertaking that costs the school about $12,000 a year per student, according to administrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/pell-secondchance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pilot\u003c/a> that allows some prisoners to once again access Pell Grants, and as more and more students begin to use those funds, administrators may be able to rely less on private money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But program coordinator Lim said basic hurdles — like finding Social Security numbers — can stand in the way of getting the funding, not to mention basic \u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/eligibility/basic-criteria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">restrictions\u003c/a> on aid that leave many inmates ineligible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775119\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775119\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut-1200x804.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/09182019_prison_Allen-Burnett-in-class-inmates-BA-program.039-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Allen Burnett, who just had his sentence commuted after 27 years in prison, said after he started working toward a B.A., his stepdaughter was inspired to enroll at Cal State LA, and his nieces and nephews have since started going to school. “This thing right here that we're doing,” he said, “it’s transcending this facility.” \u003ccite>(J. Emilio Flores/Cal State LA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.vera.org/publications/investing-in-futures-education-in-prison\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from the Vera Institute of Justice estimates some 463,000 people in prisons nationwide would be eligible for Pell Grants if the ban were lifted. In California, they estimate, reduced recidivism associated with Pell access would save close to $70 million a year in incarceration costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Incarcerated people are in a position where they cannot participate in this notion of college choice — they don’t have it. So when we open the floodgates and allow institutions to access Pell money, without any oversight, we’re asking for a disaster.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Erin Castro, who oversees the in-prison college program at the University of Utah","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Recidivism rates in California are stubbornly high: About half of people coming out of California prisons end up getting convicted of another crime — a rate that hasn’t changed in 10 years, the state auditor \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.auditor.ca.gov%2Fpdfs%2Freports%2F2018-113.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">found\u003c/a>, despite increased investment in rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But school is a powerful tool against those odds. A major \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR564.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> by the RAND Corp. found taking classes in prison cuts the chances of getting locked up again by 43%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggleston, who spent over four decades studying prison education, has watched the ebb and flow of investment over the years and is heartened by what she sees today — but worries it won’t last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There's almost always a backlash,” she said. “We lose post-secondary first because of the idea that it's too much to give those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2019/10/RancanoPrison2College2way.mp3","title":"Part Two","program":"California Dream","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39224_Roy-Lancaster_fall2019_163-qut.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From Prison Education to Freedom \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"california-prisons","label":"More Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For Cal State’s incarcerated students, the college experience has been transformational — one that has allowed them to believe, often for the first time in their lives, that they hold some value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's been the most amazing experience of my entire life, as either a free man or as an incarcerated human being,” said James Cain, who has been in prison for 13 years. “If I had the chance right now to go home or have this education, I would choose this education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the men of A Yard, education has become a kind of freedom. But it’s also led to liberation of the literal sort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the program began, five men have had their life sentences commuted. Three are finishing their degrees on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Praphatananda is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ca.gov/archive/gov39/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/August-2018-Pardons-and-Commutations.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the latest\u003c/a>. At 43, Praphatananda has lived more of his life in prison than outside. It took him decades of good conduct and dedicated self-improvement to merit commutation, but the support of Cal State LA went a long way toward proving he should get a second chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was in and I had life without, I had given up on trying to ever get out,” he said. “To go from that perspective to — ‘I'm out here now, I get to go to college, I get to spend time with my family, I get to work’ — that is a blessing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The California Dream series is a statewide media collaboration of CalMatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the James Irvine Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768052\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/CADreamBanner-1-800x219-160x44.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11775030/a-college-education-in-prison-opens-unexpected-path-to-freedom","authors":["11276"],"programs":["news_72"],"series":["news_21879"],"categories":["news_18540","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_1628","news_21840","news_616","news_221","news_1629","news_25519","news_19542","news_2727","news_4","news_2867"],"featImg":"news_11775122","label":"news_72"},"news_92747":{"type":"posts","id":"news_92747","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"92747","score":null,"sort":[1364486697000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"inmates-attorneys-battle-california-governor-over-prison-oversight","title":"Inmates' Attorneys Battle California Governor Over Prison Oversight","publishDate":1364486697,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>by Don Thompson, Associated Press\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — A federal judge on Wednesday struggled with how to gauge whether conditions for mentally ill inmates in California prisons have improved enough under federal oversight to return control of the facilities to the state, as Gov. Jerry Brown is seeking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84954\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/01/08/governor-challenges-prison-overcrowding-order/chino-prison-inmates-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-84954\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-84954\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/Chino-Prison-inmates.jpg\" alt=\"State prison inmates in Chino (Kevork Djansezian)\" width=\"300\" height=\"202\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State prison inmates in Chino (Kevork Djansezian)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for California argued in court that after 18 years of federal oversight and billions of dollars in state spending, the care now meets the requirements of the U.S. Constitution. Attorneys for inmates countered that inmates still are dying unnecessarily, prisons remain overcrowded and understaffed, and that the state won't make needed improvements without court supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lawrence Karlton said he was torn by what standard to use in deciding when to end the federal court oversight, which he said has undoubtedly forced California to improve what had been a substandard system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Clearly, the Constitution does not require perfection,\" Karlton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if perfection is not the test, he said, \"at what level can the court, must the court say, Oh, yes, it's not perfect ... but it's good enough for government work? It's good enough for the Constitution's definition of what the government must do.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Deputy Attorney General Patrick McKinney said that's exactly the position the state is now in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has never argued that the system is perfect or that it needs to be,\" he told the judge. \"Federal oversight should not continue unless there is a violation of federal law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates' attorney Michael Bien disagreed: \"We have established that there are ongoing constitutional violations\" he told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has spent more than $1 billion to build mental health facilities and increase salaries to hire more qualified mental health workers. The state now has more than 1,700 psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists, social workers and nurses to treat more than 32,000 mentally ill inmates. The state now spends $400 million annually on inmates' mental health care, McKinney told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Bien said more mental health facilities must be built and staffed, while much more must be done to reduce a suicide rate that exceeds the national average for state and federal prisons and worsened last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're so far from anywhere near perfection, that's not the issue,\" Bien said outside the courtroom. \"Things have gotten worse, not better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state contends that all the money, resources and effort it has invested in improving the mental health care system proves that it is no longer deliberately indifferent to the needs of mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California has among the best prison mental health systems in the nation,\" Corrections Secretary Jeffrey Beard said in a statement after the hearing. \"It's time to bring this intrusive and expensive lawsuit...to an end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ending the lawsuit is key to the Democratic governor's attempt to lift a separate court order over prison crowding that otherwise will force the state to reduce its inmate population by nearly 10,000 by year's end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2011, prompted the state to enact Brown's so-called realignment law, which requires lower-level offenders to serve their sentences in county jails. Since then, the population of the state's 33 adult prisons has dropped by nearly 25,000 inmates to about 119,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton said Wednesday that the current prison system is \"a substantial improvement over what the court found when it found deliberate indifference initially.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is whether the state can prove that the level of care now being provided complies with the Constitution, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court-appointed experts and overseers recently said California still provides substandard care to inmates with mental and physical illnesses. However, experts hired by the state said 13 prisons they visited last year all provided acceptable mental health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton could refuse to consider the reports by the state's experts because of what he called a \"serious ethical violation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys representing inmates complained that they were not notified and were not present when the experts interviewed their mentally ill clients, as required by ethical standards and a previous court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinney said a state expert had mentioned the interviews to one of the inmates' attorneys, and that the court-appointed special master was told that visits were planned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We disagree that this was done in secret,\" McKinney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't want to raise my voice. Assume that I disagree with you. Assume that this is a profound ethical violation,\" the judge retorted during the 90-minute hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Karlton said he may still allow the state reports that form the core of the state's case because the issue is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton would have to rule on the request for renewed state control by early next month under a legal process Brown set in motion in January. However, he said that doesn't leave him time to question witnesses and gauge their credibility, so he is searching for a way to extend the deadline.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1364486767,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":850},"headData":{"title":"Inmates' Attorneys Battle California Governor Over Prison Oversight | KQED","description":"by Don Thompson, Associated Press SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — A federal judge on Wednesday struggled with how to gauge whether conditions for mentally ill inmates in California prisons have improved enough under federal oversight to return control of the facilities to the state, as Gov. Jerry Brown is seeking. Lawyers for California argued in court","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Inmates' Attorneys Battle California Governor Over Prison Oversight","datePublished":"2013-03-28T16:04:57.000Z","dateModified":"2013-03-28T16:06:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"92747 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=92747","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/03/28/inmates-attorneys-battle-california-governor-over-prison-oversight/","disqusTitle":"Inmates' Attorneys Battle California Governor Over Prison Oversight","path":"/news/92747/inmates-attorneys-battle-california-governor-over-prison-oversight","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>by Don Thompson, Associated Press\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — A federal judge on Wednesday struggled with how to gauge whether conditions for mentally ill inmates in California prisons have improved enough under federal oversight to return control of the facilities to the state, as Gov. Jerry Brown is seeking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_84954\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/01/08/governor-challenges-prison-overcrowding-order/chino-prison-inmates-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-84954\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-84954\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/01/Chino-Prison-inmates.jpg\" alt=\"State prison inmates in Chino (Kevork Djansezian)\" width=\"300\" height=\"202\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State prison inmates in Chino (Kevork Djansezian)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for California argued in court that after 18 years of federal oversight and billions of dollars in state spending, the care now meets the requirements of the U.S. Constitution. Attorneys for inmates countered that inmates still are dying unnecessarily, prisons remain overcrowded and understaffed, and that the state won't make needed improvements without court supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Lawrence Karlton said he was torn by what standard to use in deciding when to end the federal court oversight, which he said has undoubtedly forced California to improve what had been a substandard system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Clearly, the Constitution does not require perfection,\" Karlton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if perfection is not the test, he said, \"at what level can the court, must the court say, Oh, yes, it's not perfect ... but it's good enough for government work? It's good enough for the Constitution's definition of what the government must do.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Deputy Attorney General Patrick McKinney said that's exactly the position the state is now in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has never argued that the system is perfect or that it needs to be,\" he told the judge. \"Federal oversight should not continue unless there is a violation of federal law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inmates' attorney Michael Bien disagreed: \"We have established that there are ongoing constitutional violations\" he told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has spent more than $1 billion to build mental health facilities and increase salaries to hire more qualified mental health workers. The state now has more than 1,700 psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists, social workers and nurses to treat more than 32,000 mentally ill inmates. The state now spends $400 million annually on inmates' mental health care, McKinney told the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Bien said more mental health facilities must be built and staffed, while much more must be done to reduce a suicide rate that exceeds the national average for state and federal prisons and worsened last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're so far from anywhere near perfection, that's not the issue,\" Bien said outside the courtroom. \"Things have gotten worse, not better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state contends that all the money, resources and effort it has invested in improving the mental health care system proves that it is no longer deliberately indifferent to the needs of mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California has among the best prison mental health systems in the nation,\" Corrections Secretary Jeffrey Beard said in a statement after the hearing. \"It's time to bring this intrusive and expensive lawsuit...to an end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ending the lawsuit is key to the Democratic governor's attempt to lift a separate court order over prison crowding that otherwise will force the state to reduce its inmate population by nearly 10,000 by year's end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2011, prompted the state to enact Brown's so-called realignment law, which requires lower-level offenders to serve their sentences in county jails. Since then, the population of the state's 33 adult prisons has dropped by nearly 25,000 inmates to about 119,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton said Wednesday that the current prison system is \"a substantial improvement over what the court found when it found deliberate indifference initially.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is whether the state can prove that the level of care now being provided complies with the Constitution, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court-appointed experts and overseers recently said California still provides substandard care to inmates with mental and physical illnesses. However, experts hired by the state said 13 prisons they visited last year all provided acceptable mental health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton could refuse to consider the reports by the state's experts because of what he called a \"serious ethical violation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys representing inmates complained that they were not notified and were not present when the experts interviewed their mentally ill clients, as required by ethical standards and a previous court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinney said a state expert had mentioned the interviews to one of the inmates' attorneys, and that the court-appointed special master was told that visits were planned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We disagree that this was done in secret,\" McKinney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't want to raise my voice. Assume that I disagree with you. Assume that this is a profound ethical violation,\" the judge retorted during the 90-minute hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Karlton said he may still allow the state reports that form the core of the state's case because the issue is so important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karlton would have to rule on the request for renewed state control by early next month under a legal process Brown set in motion in January. However, he said that doesn't leave him time to question witnesses and gauge their credibility, so he is searching for a way to extend the deadline.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/92747/inmates-attorneys-battle-california-governor-over-prison-oversight","authors":["1367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_1629","news_686","news_2727","news_2867","news_1471"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_90446":{"type":"posts","id":"news_90446","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"90446","score":null,"sort":[1362078009000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-jails-house-1100-long-term-inmates","title":"California Jails Unequipped for 1,100 Long-Term Inmates","publishDate":1362078009,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>By Don Thompson, Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003c/em>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP)—California counties are housing more than 1,100 inmates on long-term sentences in jails designed for stays of a year or less, according to the first report detailing the growth in that population under Gov. Jerry Brown's criminal justice realignment strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77734\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/10/09/disabled-inmates-suffer-in-shift-to-county-jails/jail-monical-lam-cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-77734\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-77734 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/jail-monical-lam-cir-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Fresno jail inmates. (Monica Lam/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fresno jail inmates. (Monica Lam/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The oversight of so many long-term inmates is presenting challenges for county sheriffs, especially with the number expected to grow markedly in the years ahead. In addition to finding adequate space to house the new population, the sheriffs also must provide the inmates with education, treatment programs, rehabilitation services and recreation, which adds to their costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicle theft, drug trafficking, receiving stolen property, identity theft and commercial burglary were the most common crimes for jail inmates who were sentenced to 5 to 10 years in county jails, according to the report, which was obtained by The Associated Press before its public release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, covering all but six of the state's 58 counties, was done by the California State Sheriffs' Association and sent to the governor's administration and Legislature.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not set up to house inmates for this period of time,'' said Nick Warner, the association's legislative director. \"They're living in conditions that they're not designed to stay in for this long.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Jail is holding 35 percent of all long-term inmates. Statewide, 44 inmates already have been sentenced to more than a decade in local jails, with one Los Angeles County man serving a 43-year term for trafficking large amounts of drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, the association found that 1,153 inmates in county jails were sentenced to at least five years. Drug trafficking resulted in most of the sentences topping a decade, although a Riverside County inmate is serving nearly 13 years for felony child abuse and a Solano County inmate is serving more than 10 years as a serial thief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association started with inmates whose formal sentences are at least five years because most will actually be released after serving less than that. With time off for good behavior, for example, an inmate serving a five-year sentence can be released in about 2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of long-term inmates in local jails will keep growing as the state diverts more lower-level criminals from state prisons to comply with the governor's realignment law and federal court orders to reduce the population in the state's 33 adult prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before lawmakers approved Brown's law enforcement realignment in 2011, the only prisoner who might spend more than a year in a county jail would be someone awaiting trial in a complicated case such as murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of long-term inmates represents less than 2 percent of the 77,000 prisoners who can be housed in California's 58 county jails, sheriffs say they command a disproportionate share of money and attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many sheriffs would like to return their long-term inmates to state prisons, Warner said, although he acknowledged that is not likely as long as the state is trying to relieve prison crowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a really tough issue to resolve,'' Warner said. \"There are some inmates who don't belong in county jails for this period of time.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Callison, a spokesman for the state Department Corrections and Rehabilitation, acknowledged that sheriffs need a different type of facility to handle long-term inmates, but he noted that state lawmakers authorized $500 million last year to help counties renovate jails and add space for treating inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the kind of construction you're seeing already,'' Callison said. 'The jails are getting modernized. They're able to offer more programs to their inmates.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have approved $1.2 billion in bonds for building new jails, many of which are under construction. Counties are getting $865 million in operating money through the state this fiscal year, with their allocation budgeted to exceed $1 billion next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callison said the state also is discussing with counties ways in which they can better accommodate their long-term inmates, including contracting with outside facilities that are better designed to handle that population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said judges also can sentence inmates to split sentences that reduce jail time while requiring that released felons are supervised in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The U.S. Supreme Court ordered California to dramatically reduce its prison population. Rather than release prisoners early, the state is complying through realignment,'' Elizabeth Ashford, a spokeswoman for the governor, said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the state will keep helping counties as they implement the policy.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1362080809,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":785},"headData":{"title":"California Jails Unequipped for 1,100 Long-Term Inmates | KQED","description":"By Don Thompson, Associated Press SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP)—California counties are housing more than 1,100 inmates on long-term sentences in jails designed for stays of a year or less, according to the first report detailing the growth in that population under Gov. Jerry Brown's criminal justice realignment strategy. The oversight of so many long-term inmates is","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California Jails Unequipped for 1,100 Long-Term Inmates","datePublished":"2013-02-28T19:00:09.000Z","dateModified":"2013-02-28T19:46:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"90446 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=90446","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/02/28/california-jails-house-1100-long-term-inmates/","disqusTitle":"California Jails Unequipped for 1,100 Long-Term Inmates","path":"/news/90446/california-jails-house-1100-long-term-inmates","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>By Don Thompson, Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003c/em>SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP)—California counties are housing more than 1,100 inmates on long-term sentences in jails designed for stays of a year or less, according to the first report detailing the growth in that population under Gov. Jerry Brown's criminal justice realignment strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_77734\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/10/09/disabled-inmates-suffer-in-shift-to-county-jails/jail-monical-lam-cir/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-77734\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-77734 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/jail-monical-lam-cir-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Fresno jail inmates. (Monica Lam/Center for Investigative Reporting)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fresno jail inmates. (Monica Lam/Center for Investigative Reporting)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The oversight of so many long-term inmates is presenting challenges for county sheriffs, especially with the number expected to grow markedly in the years ahead. In addition to finding adequate space to house the new population, the sheriffs also must provide the inmates with education, treatment programs, rehabilitation services and recreation, which adds to their costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicle theft, drug trafficking, receiving stolen property, identity theft and commercial burglary were the most common crimes for jail inmates who were sentenced to 5 to 10 years in county jails, according to the report, which was obtained by The Associated Press before its public release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, covering all but six of the state's 58 counties, was done by the California State Sheriffs' Association and sent to the governor's administration and Legislature.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are not set up to house inmates for this period of time,'' said Nick Warner, the association's legislative director. \"They're living in conditions that they're not designed to stay in for this long.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Jail is holding 35 percent of all long-term inmates. Statewide, 44 inmates already have been sentenced to more than a decade in local jails, with one Los Angeles County man serving a 43-year term for trafficking large amounts of drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, the association found that 1,153 inmates in county jails were sentenced to at least five years. Drug trafficking resulted in most of the sentences topping a decade, although a Riverside County inmate is serving nearly 13 years for felony child abuse and a Solano County inmate is serving more than 10 years as a serial thief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association started with inmates whose formal sentences are at least five years because most will actually be released after serving less than that. With time off for good behavior, for example, an inmate serving a five-year sentence can be released in about 2 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of long-term inmates in local jails will keep growing as the state diverts more lower-level criminals from state prisons to comply with the governor's realignment law and federal court orders to reduce the population in the state's 33 adult prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before lawmakers approved Brown's law enforcement realignment in 2011, the only prisoner who might spend more than a year in a county jail would be someone awaiting trial in a complicated case such as murder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the number of long-term inmates represents less than 2 percent of the 77,000 prisoners who can be housed in California's 58 county jails, sheriffs say they command a disproportionate share of money and attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many sheriffs would like to return their long-term inmates to state prisons, Warner said, although he acknowledged that is not likely as long as the state is trying to relieve prison crowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a really tough issue to resolve,'' Warner said. \"There are some inmates who don't belong in county jails for this period of time.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Callison, a spokesman for the state Department Corrections and Rehabilitation, acknowledged that sheriffs need a different type of facility to handle long-term inmates, but he noted that state lawmakers authorized $500 million last year to help counties renovate jails and add space for treating inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the kind of construction you're seeing already,'' Callison said. 'The jails are getting modernized. They're able to offer more programs to their inmates.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have approved $1.2 billion in bonds for building new jails, many of which are under construction. Counties are getting $865 million in operating money through the state this fiscal year, with their allocation budgeted to exceed $1 billion next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callison said the state also is discussing with counties ways in which they can better accommodate their long-term inmates, including contracting with outside facilities that are better designed to handle that population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said judges also can sentence inmates to split sentences that reduce jail time while requiring that released felons are supervised in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The U.S. Supreme Court ordered California to dramatically reduce its prison population. Rather than release prisoners early, the state is complying through realignment,'' Elizabeth Ashford, a spokeswoman for the governor, said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the state will keep helping counties as they implement the policy.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/90446/california-jails-house-1100-long-term-inmates","authors":["1367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_3215","news_1629","news_2727","news_2069","news_2867","news_1471","news_765"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_78446":{"type":"posts","id":"news_78446","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"78446","score":null,"sort":[1350513045000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"prison-hunger-strikes-protest-gang-policy","title":"Prison Hunger Strikes Protest Gang Policy","publishDate":1350513045,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A hunger strike is continuing at one California prison but ended on Wednesday at another, according to Terry Thornton, a spokesperson for the California Department of Corrections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78453\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"unit of pbshu prison Michael Montgomery\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78453\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A unit of cells in the Security Housing Unit at Pelican Bay State prison. (Michael Montgomery/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the strikers were protesting a new policy aimed at reducing activity by gangs and other \"security threat groups,\" she said. Others did not give a reason for the strike, or said they were protesting food or other conditions at the prisons, said Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said 69 inmates at California State Prison, Corcoran, were refusing food, some of them since Oct. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile at California Correctional Institution in Tehachapi, inmates started refusing food on Oct. 10. The number fluctuated, reaching 208 before declining to 135 yesterday and zero today, said Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said did not know why the strike ended in Tehachapi. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she pointed out that the department has not yet launched its new gang management policies which would change the definitions used to determine which prisoners are sent to high-security housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/14/advocacy-groups-wary-of-new-plan-for-prison-isolation-units/\">report\u003c/a> by California Watch reporter Michael Montgomery described the new policy this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nThe changes will give prison staff more flexibility in dealing with a range of “security threat groups,” according to an Aug. 30 corrections department notice sent to the California Correctional Peace Officers Association, the powerful union representing prison guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policies will put California more closely in line with “recognized national standards and strategies,” staving off the “inevitable litigation and court mandated changes the State would face by remaining exclusively reliant on the current … system,” according to the document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But revisions in a June 29 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/426284-stg-draft-policy-3-1-12.html\">corrections document\u003c/a> obtained by California Watch, The Bay Citizen's sister site, suggest that officials are moving away from the narrower focus on specific criminal or violent acts. Rather, they appear to be reviving controversial guidelines that have allowed authorities to send inmates to the special units for violations such as gang-related tattoos and drawings.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montgomery's article quotes advocates for prisoners who were critical of the changes.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1350572198,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":358},"headData":{"title":"Prison Hunger Strikes Protest Gang Policy | KQED","description":"A hunger strike is continuing at one California prison but ended on Wednesday at another, according to Terry Thornton, a spokesperson for the California Department of Corrections. Some of the strikers were protesting a new policy aimed at reducing activity by gangs and other "security threat groups," she said. Others did not give a reason","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Prison Hunger Strikes Protest Gang Policy","datePublished":"2012-10-17T22:30:45.000Z","dateModified":"2012-10-18T14:56:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"78446 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=78446","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/10/17/prison-hunger-strikes-protest-gang-policy/","disqusTitle":"Prison Hunger Strikes Protest Gang Policy","path":"/news/78446/prison-hunger-strikes-protest-gang-policy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A hunger strike is continuing at one California prison but ended on Wednesday at another, according to Terry Thornton, a spokesperson for the California Department of Corrections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78453\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/10/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"unit of pbshu prison Michael Montgomery\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78453\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A unit of cells in the Security Housing Unit at Pelican Bay State prison. (Michael Montgomery/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the strikers were protesting a new policy aimed at reducing activity by gangs and other \"security threat groups,\" she said. Others did not give a reason for the strike, or said they were protesting food or other conditions at the prisons, said Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said 69 inmates at California State Prison, Corcoran, were refusing food, some of them since Oct. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile at California Correctional Institution in Tehachapi, inmates started refusing food on Oct. 10. The number fluctuated, reaching 208 before declining to 135 yesterday and zero today, said Thornton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said did not know why the strike ended in Tehachapi. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she pointed out that the department has not yet launched its new gang management policies which would change the definitions used to determine which prisoners are sent to high-security housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/14/advocacy-groups-wary-of-new-plan-for-prison-isolation-units/\">report\u003c/a> by California Watch reporter Michael Montgomery described the new policy this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nThe changes will give prison staff more flexibility in dealing with a range of “security threat groups,” according to an Aug. 30 corrections department notice sent to the California Correctional Peace Officers Association, the powerful union representing prison guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policies will put California more closely in line with “recognized national standards and strategies,” staving off the “inevitable litigation and court mandated changes the State would face by remaining exclusively reliant on the current … system,” according to the document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But revisions in a June 29 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/426284-stg-draft-policy-3-1-12.html\">corrections document\u003c/a> obtained by California Watch, The Bay Citizen's sister site, suggest that officials are moving away from the narrower focus on specific criminal or violent acts. Rather, they appear to be reviving controversial guidelines that have allowed authorities to send inmates to the special units for violations such as gang-related tattoos and drawings.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montgomery's article quotes advocates for prisoners who were critical of the changes.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/78446/prison-hunger-strikes-protest-gang-policy","authors":["1367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_1925","news_2867","news_1471","news_2021","news_3347"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_76789":{"type":"posts","id":"news_76789","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"76789","score":null,"sort":[1348682908000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"guards-link-prison-violence-to-staff-reduction","title":"Amid Riots, Prison Guards Concerned About Staff Reductions, More-Violent Inmates","publishDate":1348682908,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Last week riots sent 16 California prisoners to the hospital. Next week, the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation will send layoff notices to guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76792\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/09/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-76792\" title=\"unit of pbshu prison Michael Montgomery\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/09/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Montgomery/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now prison guards are concerned that a “perfect storm” may be brewing linked to staff reductions and a higher ratio of violent inmates within the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officially, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation is still investigating the cause of multiple incidents at\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/SAC.html\"> California State Prison, Sacramento\u003c/a> (also known as New Folsom). Riots there followed similar brawls in recent years, creating at least the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/20/calif-prisons-grapple-with-violent-trend/\">appearance of a trend\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incidents come even though prisons have begun reducing their population under a court order. The department has moved the prisoners deemed least violent to county jails, resulting in a higher concentration of violent inmates.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of a perfect storm here,” Ryan Sherman, spokesman for the California Correctional Peace Officers Association, told KQED’s Tara Siler. “We’re losing staff, we’re getting more violent inmates on a percentage basis... We’re putting more dangerous inmates in lower-security facilities. It’s a potential there for it to be some kind of lethal combination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From an all-time high of 173,479 in 2006, the total prison population declined \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/WeeklyWed/TPOP1A/TPOP1Ad120919.pdf\">to 123,744 as of Sept. 19, 2012\u003c/a>, according to figures on the department’s website. Despite that large reduction, the system is still not in compliance with the order The system was designed to house a total of 84,130 individuals, which means it's at 147% of design capacity. The U.S. Supreme Court has ordered it to get to 137%. Note these figures apply to the total number of prisoners systemwide, so certain prisons remain much more crowded than others. Mule Creek State Prison, for example, is at 175.4% of design capacity, while Valley State Prison is at 89.6%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Peace Officers Association's Sherman acknowledges that a lower prison population required a smaller staff. But he says the prisons were understaffed before the reductions in the prison population, and that an even higher ratio of guards to prisoners is needed now. “Because we have got more violent and dangerous inmates in the prisons where we used to have more of a mix, [previous] staffing practices are not going to be adequate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials dispute that conclusion. “We’re reducing our workforce very carefully over a period of years,” a department spokesman, Jeffrey Callison, told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said there is no evidence that a larger staff could have prevented the recent violence. “I don’t think it’s possible to connect the two,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Rebekah Evenson, who has represented California prisoners, says that overcrowding is one reason for violence in the prisons. “It’s undisputed,\" she says. “If the prisons are overcrowded then, yes, you want more staff.\" Evenson also says more education and recreation programs could ease tension. And she blames the department for confining prisoners to their cells, after violence incidents, on the basis of race. This leads them to identify with violent gangs, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callison said there is no evidence that recent events indicate a statistical increase in violence, rather than a flare-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said no one in the department could say how much the staff will be reduced. In a previous wave of reductions that ended in February, the staff was cut “in the low three figures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherman said he had heard about 500 people will lose their jobs in the current reductions. But Callison said the numbers will not be known until October, because the department will offer transfers to most of the staff. How many will retire from the department remains to be seen.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1348691974,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":650},"headData":{"title":"Amid Riots, Prison Guards Concerned About Staff Reductions, More-Violent Inmates | KQED","description":"Last week riots sent 16 California prisoners to the hospital. Next week, the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation will send layoff notices to guards. Now prison guards are concerned that a “perfect storm” may be brewing linked to staff reductions and a higher ratio of violent inmates within the system. Officially, the California Department of","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Amid Riots, Prison Guards Concerned About Staff Reductions, More-Violent Inmates","datePublished":"2012-09-26T18:08:28.000Z","dateModified":"2012-09-26T20:39:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"76789 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=76789","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/26/guards-link-prison-violence-to-staff-reduction/","disqusTitle":"Amid Riots, Prison Guards Concerned About Staff Reductions, More-Violent Inmates","path":"/news/76789/guards-link-prison-violence-to-staff-reduction","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last week riots sent 16 California prisoners to the hospital. Next week, the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation will send layoff notices to guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_76792\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/09/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-76792\" title=\"unit of pbshu prison Michael Montgomery\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/09/unit-of-pbshu-prison-Michael-Montgomery1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Montgomery/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now prison guards are concerned that a “perfect storm” may be brewing linked to staff reductions and a higher ratio of violent inmates within the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officially, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation is still investigating the cause of multiple incidents at\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Facilities_Locator/SAC.html\"> California State Prison, Sacramento\u003c/a> (also known as New Folsom). Riots there followed similar brawls in recent years, creating at least the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/20/calif-prisons-grapple-with-violent-trend/\">appearance of a trend\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incidents come even though prisons have begun reducing their population under a court order. The department has moved the prisoners deemed least violent to county jails, resulting in a higher concentration of violent inmates.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of a perfect storm here,” Ryan Sherman, spokesman for the California Correctional Peace Officers Association, told KQED’s Tara Siler. “We’re losing staff, we’re getting more violent inmates on a percentage basis... We’re putting more dangerous inmates in lower-security facilities. It’s a potential there for it to be some kind of lethal combination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From an all-time high of 173,479 in 2006, the total prison population declined \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/Offender_Information_Services_Branch/WeeklyWed/TPOP1A/TPOP1Ad120919.pdf\">to 123,744 as of Sept. 19, 2012\u003c/a>, according to figures on the department’s website. Despite that large reduction, the system is still not in compliance with the order The system was designed to house a total of 84,130 individuals, which means it's at 147% of design capacity. The U.S. Supreme Court has ordered it to get to 137%. Note these figures apply to the total number of prisoners systemwide, so certain prisons remain much more crowded than others. Mule Creek State Prison, for example, is at 175.4% of design capacity, while Valley State Prison is at 89.6%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Peace Officers Association's Sherman acknowledges that a lower prison population required a smaller staff. But he says the prisons were understaffed before the reductions in the prison population, and that an even higher ratio of guards to prisoners is needed now. “Because we have got more violent and dangerous inmates in the prisons where we used to have more of a mix, [previous] staffing practices are not going to be adequate,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials dispute that conclusion. “We’re reducing our workforce very carefully over a period of years,” a department spokesman, Jeffrey Callison, told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said there is no evidence that a larger staff could have prevented the recent violence. “I don’t think it’s possible to connect the two,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Rebekah Evenson, who has represented California prisoners, says that overcrowding is one reason for violence in the prisons. “It’s undisputed,\" she says. “If the prisons are overcrowded then, yes, you want more staff.\" Evenson also says more education and recreation programs could ease tension. And she blames the department for confining prisoners to their cells, after violence incidents, on the basis of race. This leads them to identify with violent gangs, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callison said there is no evidence that recent events indicate a statistical increase in violence, rather than a flare-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he said no one in the department could say how much the staff will be reduced. In a previous wave of reductions that ended in February, the staff was cut “in the low three figures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sherman said he had heard about 500 people will lose their jobs in the current reductions. But Callison said the numbers will not be known until October, because the department will offer transfers to most of the staff. How many will retire from the department remains to be seen.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/76789/guards-link-prison-violence-to-staff-reduction","authors":["1367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_3150","news_1472","news_2867","news_1471"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_76341":{"type":"posts","id":"news_76341","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"76341","score":null,"sort":[1348087015000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"calif-prisoners-hospitalized-in-riot","title":"Calif. Prisoners Hospitalized in Riot","publishDate":1348087015,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A guard shot a prisoner and 10 other prisoners were hospitalized with \"stab and slash\" wounds in a riot at California State Prison Sacramento on Wednesday, the Department of Corrections reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility is also known as \"New Folsom\" because of its proximity to Folsom State Prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the press release:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>California State Prison-sacramento (CSP-SAC) quelled a riot involving an unknown number of inmates that started at 11:17 a.m. on one of the prison's maximum-security general population yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the use of less-than-lethal force options to stop the riot, officers discharged rounds from the Mini 14 rifle One inmate suffered a gunshot wound and was taken to an area hospital for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 10 other inmates were taken to area hospitals for treatment of stab and slash wounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least nine other inmates suffered stab sounds; three of them were taken to area hospitals for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no reports at this time of injuries to staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Updates will be provided later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CSP-SAC is a multi-mission institution that houses 2,658 inmates. Opened in 1986, the institution primarily houses maximum-security inmates serving long sentences and those who have proved to be management problems at other institutions.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1348087015,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":213},"headData":{"title":"Calif. Prisoners Hospitalized in Riot | KQED","description":"A guard shot a prisoner and 10 other prisoners were hospitalized with "stab and slash" wounds in a riot at California State Prison Sacramento on Wednesday, the Department of Corrections reported. The facility is also known as "New Folsom" because of its proximity to Folsom State Prison. Here's the press release: California State Prison-sacramento (CSP-SAC)","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Calif. Prisoners Hospitalized in Riot","datePublished":"2012-09-19T20:36:55.000Z","dateModified":"2012-09-19T20:36:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"76341 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=76341","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/09/19/calif-prisoners-hospitalized-in-riot/","disqusTitle":"Calif. Prisoners Hospitalized in Riot","path":"/news/76341/calif-prisoners-hospitalized-in-riot","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A guard shot a prisoner and 10 other prisoners were hospitalized with \"stab and slash\" wounds in a riot at California State Prison Sacramento on Wednesday, the Department of Corrections reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility is also known as \"New Folsom\" because of its proximity to Folsom State Prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the press release:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>California State Prison-sacramento (CSP-SAC) quelled a riot involving an unknown number of inmates that started at 11:17 a.m. on one of the prison's maximum-security general population yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the use of less-than-lethal force options to stop the riot, officers discharged rounds from the Mini 14 rifle One inmate suffered a gunshot wound and was taken to an area hospital for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 10 other inmates were taken to area hospitals for treatment of stab and slash wounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least nine other inmates suffered stab sounds; three of them were taken to area hospitals for treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no reports at this time of injuries to staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Updates will be provided later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CSP-SAC is a multi-mission institution that houses 2,658 inmates. Opened in 1986, the institution primarily houses maximum-security inmates serving long sentences and those who have proved to be management problems at other institutions.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/76341/calif-prisoners-hospitalized-in-riot","authors":["1367"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_2867","news_1471","news_3140"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_72082":{"type":"posts","id":"news_72082","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"72082","score":null,"sort":[1343926983000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"advisory-sonoma-county-prisoners-escape","title":"Advisory: Sonoma County Prisoners Escape","publishDate":1343926983,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO (BCN) -- Two inmates escaped from the North County Detention Facility in Sonoma County on Wednesday night, according to the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 9:30 p.m., the two inmates made it past security fencing and fled, while a third suspect attempted to escape but was apprehended, sheriff's officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detention facility is located at 2254 Ordinance Road, near the Sonoma County Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates have been identified as Serefino Uriel Gonzalez, 42, and Rene Solorio Leon, 22, both of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez is described as 5 feet 8 inches tall and roughly 200 pounds, with brown eyes, black hair and a goatee and mustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leon is described as 5 feet 5 inches tall and about 200 pounds, with brown eyes, black hair and a moustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both inmates were last seen wearing blue denim shirts and blue jeans with jail markings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were serving sentences for drug and alcohol violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates should be considered dangerous. Anyone who sees them is asked to call the Sonoma County sheriff's dispatch line at (707) 565-2121.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Editor's Note\u003c/strong>: You can see \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20120802/ARTICLES/120809930/1010/sports?Title=Sonoma-County-authorities-search-for-2-dangerous-escaped-inmates\">photos of the escaped inmates\u003c/a> on the Santa Rosa Press Democrat website.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1399490454,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":199},"headData":{"title":"Advisory: Sonoma County Prisoners Escape | KQED","description":"SAN FRANCISCO (BCN) -- Two inmates escaped from the North County Detention Facility in Sonoma County on Wednesday night, according to the sheriff's office. 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The detention facility is located","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Advisory: Sonoma County Prisoners Escape","datePublished":"2012-08-02T17:03:03.000Z","dateModified":"2014-05-07T19:20:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"72082 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=72082","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/08/02/advisory-sonoma-county-prisoners-escape/","disqusTitle":"Advisory: Sonoma County Prisoners Escape","path":"/news/72082/advisory-sonoma-county-prisoners-escape","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO (BCN) -- Two inmates escaped from the North County Detention Facility in Sonoma County on Wednesday night, according to the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 9:30 p.m., the two inmates made it past security fencing and fled, while a third suspect attempted to escape but was apprehended, sheriff's officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The detention facility is located at 2254 Ordinance Road, near the Sonoma County Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates have been identified as Serefino Uriel Gonzalez, 42, and Rene Solorio Leon, 22, both of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez is described as 5 feet 8 inches tall and roughly 200 pounds, with brown eyes, black hair and a goatee and mustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leon is described as 5 feet 5 inches tall and about 200 pounds, with brown eyes, black hair and a moustache.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both inmates were last seen wearing blue denim shirts and blue jeans with jail markings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were serving sentences for drug and alcohol violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inmates should be considered dangerous. Anyone who sees them is asked to call the Sonoma County sheriff's dispatch line at (707) 565-2121.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Editor's Note\u003c/strong>: You can see \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20120802/ARTICLES/120809930/1010/sports?Title=Sonoma-County-authorities-search-for-2-dangerous-escaped-inmates\">photos of the escaped inmates\u003c/a> on the Santa Rosa Press Democrat website.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/72082/advisory-sonoma-county-prisoners-escape","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_2871","news_2727","news_2867","news_474","news_4981"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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