More of California's Imprisoned Are Applying for Gender-Affirming Health Care
San Quentin's Incarcerated Workers Tasked With Jobs That Increase COVID-19 Risk
Supreme Court's Prison Ruling: A Closer Look
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He was chosen for a spring 2017 residency at the Mesa Refuge to advance his research on California salmon.\r\n\r\nEmail Dan at: \u003ca href=\"mailto:dbrekke@kqed.org\">dbrekke@kqed.org\u003c/a>\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Twitter:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">twitter.com/danbrekke\u003c/a>\r\n\u003cstrong>Facebook:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.facebook.com/danbrekke\u003c/a>\r\n\u003cstrong>LinkedIn:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twitter":"danbrekke","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/dan.brekke/","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke/","sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["administrator","create_posts"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"liveblog","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dan Brekke | KQED","description":"KQED Editor and Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/danbrekke"},"jsmall":{"type":"authors","id":"6625","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6625","found":true},"name":"Julie Small","firstName":"Julie","lastName":"Small","slug":"jsmall","email":"jsmall@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Julie Small reports on criminal justice and immigration.\r\n\r\nShe was part of a team at KQED awarded a regional 2019 Edward R. Murrow award for continuing coverage of the Trump Administration's family separation policy.\r\n\r\nThe Society for Professional Journalists recognized Julie's 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11636262/the-officer-tased-him-31-times-the-sheriff-called-his-death-an-accident\">reporting\u003c/a> on the San Joaquin County Sheriff's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11634689/autopsy-doctors-sheriff-overrode-death-findings-to-protect-law-enforcement\">interference\u003c/a> in death investigations with an Excellence in Journalism Award for Ongoing Coverage.\r\n\r\nJulie's\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11039666/two-mentally-ill-inmates-died-one-month-in-santa-clara\"> reporting\u003c/a> with Lisa Pickoff-White on the treatment of mentally ill offenders in California jails earned a 2017 regional Edward R. Murrow Award for news reporting and an investigative reporting award from the SPJ of Northern California.\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED, Julie covered government and politics in Sacramento for Southern California Public Radio (SCPR). Her 2010 \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/specials/prisonmedical/\">series\u003c/a> on lapses in California’s prison medical care also won a regional Edward R. Murrow Award for investigative reporting and a Golden Mic Award from the RTNDA of Southern California.\r\n\r\nJulie began her career in journalism in 2000 as the deputy foreign editor for public radio's \u003cem>Marketplace, \u003c/em>while earning her master's degree in journalism from USC’s Annenberg School of Communication.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@SmallRadio2","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Julie Small | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4baedf201468df97be97c2a9dd7585d0?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/jsmall"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11954055":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11954055","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11954055","score":null,"sort":[1687811873000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"more-of-californias-imprisoned-are-applying-for-gender-affirming-health-care","title":"More of California's Imprisoned Are Applying for Gender-Affirming Health Care","publishDate":1687811873,"format":"standard","headTitle":"More of California’s Imprisoned Are Applying for Gender-Affirming Health Care | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this special episode of Ear Hustle in honor of Pride Month.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/1109_PRIDE_FOR_PODCAST_FEED_SEG_A_16.mp3\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of incarcerated Californians requesting gender-affirming health care more than doubled last year, and the state’s corrections agency expects the trend to continue even as the overall population of imprisoned people in California is projected to decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The estimate comes from budget documents detailing the agency’s responsibilities for two groundbreaking policies the state adopted over the last seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, in 2017, made California the first state to set standards that would grant gender-affirmation surgery to incarcerated people in state prison. It followed the state’s approval of surgery for a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/prisons-california-us-news-ca-state-wire-7c3b2f14287849a18e2f9bb27362c05a\">transgender woman\u003c/a> serving a life sentence. She was later transferred to a women’s prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other, a 2021 law signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom, requires that every person upon entering prison be asked \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB132/2019\">gender-specific questions\u003c/a> to determine whether they should be housed in a men’s or women’s facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the changes took effect, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found that the number of incarcerated transgender, intersex and nonbinary people consistently grew each year, rising to 1,617 last year. That’s a 234% increase over 2017, according to the documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vulnerable, transgender and transgender diverse population in CDCR has grown and continues to grow and there are enduring needs that need to be met,” Trisha Wallis, a department senior psychologist who specializes in gender health care, said during a budget committee hearing in March.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Trisha Wallis, department senior psychologist\"]‘The vulnerable, transgender and transgender diverse population in CDCR has grown and continues to grow and there are enduring needs that need to be met.’[/pullquote]The agency this year sought a slight boost in funding — $2.2 million — to provide the mandated care. The agency’s request was not controversial and moved through the Legislature without pushback this spring. Budget negotiations between Gov. Newsom and the Legislature are expected to conclude this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wallis at the hearing said the program was originally meant to “address equitable access” to safe and optimal gender-affirming care, but she acknowledged that staff shortages led to treatment backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Backlog grows for gender-affirming care\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As of December, 20 incarcerated people since 2017 had received gender-affirming surgery. Another 150 surgeries had been approved, but not completed, according to the budget documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2021-22 California government budget year, 270 incarcerated people requested gender-affirming surgeries — up from 99 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state projects 348 incarcerated people will request gender-affirming treatment this year, and 462 next year. The corrections agency says its staff can evaluate no more than three requests each week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also has received over 364 housing transfer requests since 2021. Only 35 of those were approved and sent to the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for transgender and nonbinary incarcerated people have urged the state to move faster in providing the surgeries and evaluating other incarcerated people’s requests to transfer to facilities that better suit their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of them criticized the agency’s budget request, arguing the state’s $15 billion-a-year prison system already had plenty of money to carry out the policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s ridiculous. Two million dollars for stuff they should already be doing?” said Alex Binsfield, a policy analyst with TGI Justice Project, a San Francisco nonprofit that \u003ca href=\"https://tgijp.org/\">advocates for incarcerated transgender people\u003c/a>. “I don’t think pumping any more money into CDCR is going to fix health care there.”[aside label='More on Transgender Rights' tag='transgender-prisoners']Transgender advocates also are on guard for signs that the state is refusing transfers for incarcerated people who identify as transgender but who have not received gender-affirming medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the housing question should not be a medical question,” said Jen Orthwein, a psychologist who previously provided treatment to transgender incarcerated people in prisons across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri Hardy, spokesperson for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said those fears are unfounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Incarcerated people are not required to have gender-affirming surgery in order to transfer to an institution consistent with their gender identity,” Hardy wrote in an email to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lawsuit challenges California prison transfers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Outside of the Capitol, some conservative-leaning and feminist groups have opposed the prison agency’s gender-affirming policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://womensliberationfront.org/chandler-v-cdcr\">Women’s Liberation Front\u003c/a>, a feminist advocacy group based in Washington, D.C., sued the state in 2021 to halt \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/540465542/Women-s-Liberation-Front-Lawsuit-against-the-California-Department-of-Corrections-and-Rehabilitation\">certain transfers to the state’s women’s prison\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. It argued the transfers put incarcerated females at greater risk of violence and sexual assault. The lawsuit is playing out in the U.S. Eastern District Court of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality that men and women are factually, materially, immutably different, in ways that disadvantage women and necessitate attention to women’s unique needs, supports protection of incarcerated women by providing women-only correctional facilities,” the lawsuit reads.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jen Orthwein, psychologist\"]‘There should be no difference to their treatment than that of cisgender people. They shouldn’t have to jump through a number of barriers and be poked and prodded for housing.’[/pullquote]The Transgender Law Center and the American Civil Liberties Union filed a brief challenging that suit. The two liberal organizations contend the 2021 law allowing prison transfers protects vulnerable incarcerated transgender people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states have followed California in adopting gender-affirming policies for incarcerated people. Massachusetts and Connecticut allow incarcerated people to be transferred to facilities according to their chosen gender identity. New Jersey, New York City and Rhode Island also require that incarcerated people be housed at facilities appropriate to their gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orthwein, the psychologist, urged the state to accommodate more care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There should be no difference to their treatment than that of cisgender people,” Orthwein said. “They shouldn’t have to jump through a number of barriers and be poked and prodded for housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California's incarcerated transgender population surged by 234% in the years since it adopted a first-in-the-nation policy allowing gender-affirming health care.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1687815168,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":1062},"headData":{"title":"More of California's Imprisoned Are Applying for Gender-Affirming Health Care | KQED","description":"California's incarcerated transgender population surged by 234% in the years since it adopted a first-in-the-nation policy allowing gender-affirming health care.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"More of California's Imprisoned Are Applying for Gender-Affirming Health Care","datePublished":"2023-06-26T20:37:53.000Z","dateModified":"2023-06-26T21:32:48.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"CalMatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/anabelsosa/\">Anabel Sosa\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11954055/more-of-californias-imprisoned-are-applying-for-gender-affirming-health-care","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this special episode of Ear Hustle in honor of Pride Month.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/1109_PRIDE_FOR_PODCAST_FEED_SEG_A_16.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of incarcerated Californians requesting gender-affirming health care more than doubled last year, and the state’s corrections agency expects the trend to continue even as the overall population of imprisoned people in California is projected to decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The estimate comes from budget documents detailing the agency’s responsibilities for two groundbreaking policies the state adopted over the last seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One, in 2017, made California the first state to set standards that would grant gender-affirmation surgery to incarcerated people in state prison. It followed the state’s approval of surgery for a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/prisons-california-us-news-ca-state-wire-7c3b2f14287849a18e2f9bb27362c05a\">transgender woman\u003c/a> serving a life sentence. She was later transferred to a women’s prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other, a 2021 law signed by Gov. Gavin Newsom, requires that every person upon entering prison be asked \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB132/2019\">gender-specific questions\u003c/a> to determine whether they should be housed in a men’s or women’s facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the changes took effect, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation found that the number of incarcerated transgender, intersex and nonbinary people consistently grew each year, rising to 1,617 last year. That’s a 234% increase over 2017, according to the documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vulnerable, transgender and transgender diverse population in CDCR has grown and continues to grow and there are enduring needs that need to be met,” Trisha Wallis, a department senior psychologist who specializes in gender health care, said during a budget committee hearing in March.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The vulnerable, transgender and transgender diverse population in CDCR has grown and continues to grow and there are enduring needs that need to be met.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Trisha Wallis, department senior psychologist","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The agency this year sought a slight boost in funding — $2.2 million — to provide the mandated care. The agency’s request was not controversial and moved through the Legislature without pushback this spring. Budget negotiations between Gov. Newsom and the Legislature are expected to conclude this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wallis at the hearing said the program was originally meant to “address equitable access” to safe and optimal gender-affirming care, but she acknowledged that staff shortages led to treatment backlogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Backlog grows for gender-affirming care\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As of December, 20 incarcerated people since 2017 had received gender-affirming surgery. Another 150 surgeries had been approved, but not completed, according to the budget documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2021-22 California government budget year, 270 incarcerated people requested gender-affirming surgeries — up from 99 the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state projects 348 incarcerated people will request gender-affirming treatment this year, and 462 next year. The corrections agency says its staff can evaluate no more than three requests each week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency also has received over 364 housing transfer requests since 2021. Only 35 of those were approved and sent to the Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for transgender and nonbinary incarcerated people have urged the state to move faster in providing the surgeries and evaluating other incarcerated people’s requests to transfer to facilities that better suit their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of them criticized the agency’s budget request, arguing the state’s $15 billion-a-year prison system already had plenty of money to carry out the policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s ridiculous. Two million dollars for stuff they should already be doing?” said Alex Binsfield, a policy analyst with TGI Justice Project, a San Francisco nonprofit that \u003ca href=\"https://tgijp.org/\">advocates for incarcerated transgender people\u003c/a>. “I don’t think pumping any more money into CDCR is going to fix health care there.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Transgender Rights ","tag":"transgender-prisoners"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Transgender advocates also are on guard for signs that the state is refusing transfers for incarcerated people who identify as transgender but who have not received gender-affirming medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the housing question should not be a medical question,” said Jen Orthwein, a psychologist who previously provided treatment to transgender incarcerated people in prisons across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri Hardy, spokesperson for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said those fears are unfounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Incarcerated people are not required to have gender-affirming surgery in order to transfer to an institution consistent with their gender identity,” Hardy wrote in an email to CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lawsuit challenges California prison transfers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Outside of the Capitol, some conservative-leaning and feminist groups have opposed the prison agency’s gender-affirming policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://womensliberationfront.org/chandler-v-cdcr\">Women’s Liberation Front\u003c/a>, a feminist advocacy group based in Washington, D.C., sued the state in 2021 to halt \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/540465542/Women-s-Liberation-Front-Lawsuit-against-the-California-Department-of-Corrections-and-Rehabilitation\">certain transfers to the state’s women’s prison\u003c/a> in Chowchilla. It argued the transfers put incarcerated females at greater risk of violence and sexual assault. The lawsuit is playing out in the U.S. Eastern District Court of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality that men and women are factually, materially, immutably different, in ways that disadvantage women and necessitate attention to women’s unique needs, supports protection of incarcerated women by providing women-only correctional facilities,” the lawsuit reads.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘There should be no difference to their treatment than that of cisgender people. They shouldn’t have to jump through a number of barriers and be poked and prodded for housing.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Jen Orthwein, psychologist","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Transgender Law Center and the American Civil Liberties Union filed a brief challenging that suit. The two liberal organizations contend the 2021 law allowing prison transfers protects vulnerable incarcerated transgender people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states have followed California in adopting gender-affirming policies for incarcerated people. Massachusetts and Connecticut allow incarcerated people to be transferred to facilities according to their chosen gender identity. New Jersey, New York City and Rhode Island also require that incarcerated people be housed at facilities appropriate to their gender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orthwein, the psychologist, urged the state to accommodate more care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There should be no difference to their treatment than that of cisgender people,” Orthwein said. “They shouldn’t have to jump through a number of barriers and be poked and prodded for housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11954055/more-of-californias-imprisoned-are-applying-for-gender-affirming-health-care","authors":["byline_news_11954055"],"categories":["news_31795","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_2729","news_27626","news_32855","news_28654","news_2727","news_2997","news_1475","news_31900","news_29544","news_26657"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11954080","label":"source_news_11954055"},"news_11828187":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11828187","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11828187","score":null,"sort":[1594340945000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-quentins-incarcerated-workers-asked-to-do-jobs-that-increase-covid-19-risk","title":"San Quentin's Incarcerated Workers Tasked With Jobs That Increase COVID-19 Risk","publishDate":1594340945,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The symptoms for COVID-19 hit Larry Williams pretty fast. He got sweaty, disoriented. His blood pressure dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me that they feared that I was going to have a heart attack or heart failure,” Williams said by phone from San Quentin State Prison, where he is incarcerated. “They thought I was going to crash.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who has underlying health conditions that put him at risk for dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus on June 11, a day after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes from the bottom floor of a prison unit to a higher tier. After taking a couple loads, he asked whose belongings they were moving. He said the officer shrugged and told him the property belonged to 121 inmates who had transferred there at the end of May from the California Institution for Men in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five of those men subsequently tested positive for the virus, and were believed to be the source of what’s become the largest COVID-19 outbreak in a California prison, infecting more than 1,600 men incarcerated at San Quentin and killing seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Larry Williams, COVID-19 survivor incarcerated at San Quentin\"]'They need to provide a better facility that they can keep COVID-free, because right now, I'm one of the lucky ones.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,\" Simas wrote. \"We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn't require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn't feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA), a civilian-led program inside California prisons that employed more than 7,000 inmates statewide in 2019, confirmed that some of their workers at San Quentin clean medical treatment rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Though these workers have been deemed ‘critical,' none are being forced to report to work,” said spokeswoman Stephanie Eres in a July 8 email, which also laid out precautions the program is taking to protect inmates, including providing them with masks, protective eyewear and hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the type of work assignment, CALPIA said they provided additional protection through Tyvek suits or smocks and N95 masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='san-quentin']The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I'm one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Amid the massive COVID-19 outbreak at San Quentin State Prison, incarcerated workers face big risks for little reward.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1594345269,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":985},"headData":{"title":"San Quentin's Incarcerated Workers Tasked With Jobs That Increase COVID-19 Risk | KQED","description":"Amid the massive COVID-19 outbreak at San Quentin State Prison, incarcerated workers face big risks for little reward.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"San Quentin's Incarcerated Workers Tasked With Jobs That Increase COVID-19 Risk","datePublished":"2020-07-10T00:29:05.000Z","dateModified":"2020-07-10T01:41:09.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11828187 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11828187","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/07/09/san-quentins-incarcerated-workers-asked-to-do-jobs-that-increase-covid-19-risk/","disqusTitle":"San Quentin's Incarcerated Workers Tasked With Jobs That Increase COVID-19 Risk","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2020/07/SmallPrisonWorkers.mp3","path":"/news/11828187/san-quentins-incarcerated-workers-asked-to-do-jobs-that-increase-covid-19-risk","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The symptoms for COVID-19 hit Larry Williams pretty fast. He got sweaty, disoriented. His blood pressure dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me that they feared that I was going to have a heart attack or heart failure,” Williams said by phone from San Quentin State Prison, where he is incarcerated. “They thought I was going to crash.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who has underlying health conditions that put him at risk for dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus on June 11, a day after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes from the bottom floor of a prison unit to a higher tier. After taking a couple loads, he asked whose belongings they were moving. He said the officer shrugged and told him the property belonged to 121 inmates who had transferred there at the end of May from the California Institution for Men in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five of those men subsequently tested positive for the virus, and were believed to be the source of what’s become the largest COVID-19 outbreak in a California prison, infecting more than 1,600 men incarcerated at San Quentin and killing seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'They need to provide a better facility that they can keep COVID-free, because right now, I'm one of the lucky ones.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Larry Williams, COVID-19 survivor incarcerated at San Quentin","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,\" Simas wrote. \"We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn't require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn't feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA), a civilian-led program inside California prisons that employed more than 7,000 inmates statewide in 2019, confirmed that some of their workers at San Quentin clean medical treatment rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Though these workers have been deemed ‘critical,' none are being forced to report to work,” said spokeswoman Stephanie Eres in a July 8 email, which also laid out precautions the program is taking to protect inmates, including providing them with masks, protective eyewear and hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the type of work assignment, CALPIA said they provided additional protection through Tyvek suits or smocks and N95 masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"san-quentin"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I'm one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11828187/san-quentins-incarcerated-workers-asked-to-do-jobs-that-increase-covid-19-risk","authors":["6625"],"categories":["news_457","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18538","news_2729","news_27350","news_27504","news_17725","news_16","news_2582","news_24939","news_19904","news_1475","news_486","news_23"],"featImg":"news_11828232","label":"news"},"news_28310":{"type":"posts","id":"news_28310","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"28310","score":null,"sort":[1306166882000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"supreme-courts-prison-ruling-the-highlights","title":"Supreme Court's Prison Ruling: A Closer Look","publishDate":1306166882,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28314\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 243px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/05/scotus110523a.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/05/scotus110523a.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Holding cages, Salinas Valley State Prison \" width=\"243\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28314\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image from today's Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Plata. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leafing through the \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/09-1233.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">84 pages of decision and dissents\u003c/a> from the U.S. Supreme Court today, the first sign you're in unusual territory is the pictures. The majority opinion from Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy includes three images depicting conditions in California's prisons. Two show generic scenes of overcrowding in a system that in 2006 was packed to 185 percent of its designed capacity. (One unforgettable portrait of the overflow conditions came from NPR's Laura Sullivan in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=92296114\" target=\"_blank\">a 2008 story on San Quentin\u003c/a>.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third image (right) shows cages used to confine some mentally disturbed prisoners. Here's how the opinion describes them: \"Because of a shortage of treatment beds, suicidal inmates may be held for prolonged periods in telephone-booth sized cages without toilets. ... A psychiatric expert reported observing an inmate who had been held in such a cage for nearly 24 hours, standing in a pool of his own urine, unresponsive and nearly catatonic. Prison officials explained they had 'no place to put him.' \"\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\n(By the way: the use of images in U.S. Supreme Court opinions: rare but not unprecedented. For instance, see the 2003 opinion \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/04pdf/03-1500.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Van Orden v. Perry\u003c/a>, in which the court held that a display of the Ten Commandments on the Texas state capitol grounds did not violate the First Amendment's \u003ca href=\"http://topics.law.cornell.edu/wex/establishment_clause\" target=\"_blank\">establishment clause\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court was divided 5-4 in today's Brown v. Plata. But even that close result masks the bitterness of the split. The 84 pages comprise Kennedy's majority opinion—joined by Associate Justices Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan—and two dissents: one by Antonin Scalia (joined by Clarence Thomas) and one by Samuel Alito ( joined by Chief Justice John Roberts.) The dissents are incendiary, but more on that in a moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority opinion may be read as a condemnation of inhumane conditions in California prisons and as a ringing defense of the notion that under our Constitution society owes those we imprison a basic measure of rights:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n\"As a consequence of their own actions, prisoners may be deprived of rights that are fundamental to liberty. Yet the law and the Constitution demand recognition of certain other rights. Prisoners retain the essence of human dignity inherent in all persons. Respect for that dignity animates the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. ' \"The basic concept underlying the Eighth Amendment is nothing less than the dignity of man.\" ' (Atkins v. Virginia 2002, Trop v. Dulles 1958.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To incarcerate, society takes from prisoners the means to provide for their own needs. Prisoners are dependent on the State for food, clothing, and necessary medical care. A prison’s failure to provide sustenance for inmates 'may actually produce physical \"torture or a lingering death.\" ' (in Estelle v. Gamble 1976, in re Kemmler 1890). ... Just as a prisoner may starve if not fed, he or she may suffer or die if not provided adequate medical care. A prison that deprives prisoners of basic sustenance, including adequate medical care, is incompatible with the concept of human dignity and has no place in civilized society.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But today's decision actually turns on something a little more mundane than the principles underlying the Eighth Amendment. The court's charge was to adjudicate the California's challenge to lower federal courts' findings and prescriptions for the prison system under a 1996 law called the\u003ca href=\"http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Boston_PLRA_Treatise.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> Prison Litigation Reform Act\u003c/a>, or PLRA. The law seeks to make it harder for prisoners to sue over the conditions of their incarceration and requires both inmates and the courts that hear their cases to jump through a series of hoops in seeking and granting remedies to situations like dangerously inadequate mental health care—the allegation that drove the original federal court case (now known as Coleman v. Brown et al.). For instance, inmates must show they've exhausted every available avenue for resolving a complaint inside prison—using the prison's grievance procedures, say—before suing. The law also requires a special three-judge panel, rather than a single judge, to pass judgment on relief for prisoner lawsuits. In granting relief, a three-judge panel is required to come up with a sharply focused remedy to fix a constitutional violation. The panel must also give \"substantial weight\" to how its remedy will affect public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, California argued that the federal courts where the case began overstepped their bounds when they convened a three-judge district court panel to consider the issue of medical care in the prisons; and that the three-judge panel was wrong in its conclusion that overcrowding was the cause of poor medical care, that the conclusion was based on outdated information, and that the panel's remedy—to require the state to reduce the prison population to 137.5 percent of capacity (about 46,000 inmates)—was far too sweeping and prescribed without due consideration for public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And again in short, the court majority rejected the state's argument, flatly affirming the panel's order to reduce the prison population—including a two-year deadline for meeting the inmate quota. The opinion comes with a long final section of advice to both the state and to the three-judge district court\u003cbr>\npanel on how to approach future handling of the case. In essence, the court tells the panel to be open to the state's suggestions for complying with its order; the court notes the state has already made progress in reducing its inmate population and suggests it might apply to extend the deadline for complying to five years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now to the dissents, which are remarkable for their predictions of a reign of terror if the court-ordered cut in prison populations is carried out. Associate Justice Antonin Scalia says that in affirming the lower court's order, the majority is going along with \"what is perhaps the most radical injunction issued by a court in our Nation’s history: an order requiring California to release the staggering number of 46,000 convicted criminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scalia focuses much of his scorn on the opinion's concluding passage. He calls it \"a bizarre coda\"—perhaps just a superfluous reminder to the three-judge district court panel that its order is subject to modification. Or perhaps something else:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I suspect ... that this passage is a warning shot across the bow, telling the District Court that it had \u003cem>better\u003c/em> modify the injunction if the State requests what we invite it to request. Such a warning, if successful, would achieve the benefit of a marginal reduction in the inevitable murders, robberies, and rapes to be committed by the released inmates. ... But perhaps I am being too unkind. ... Perhaps the coda is nothing more than a ceremonial washing of the hands—making it clear for all to see, that if the terrible things sure to happen as a consequence of this outrageous order do happen, they will be none of this Court’s responsibility.\" \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Beyond the vitriol, Scalia's argument is that the lower court litigation failed to find any systemwide violation of the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment, that the majority has accepted a remedy far too broadly drawn to follow the dictates of the Prison Litigation Reform Act, and that the decision continues a trend toward \"structural injunctions\" that involve judges in supervising social institutions. Getting back to the vitriol, Scalia says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"It is also worth noting the peculiarity that the vast majority of inmates most generously rewarded by the release order—the 46,000 whose incarceration will be ended—do not form part of any aggrieved class even under the Court’s expansive notion of constitutional violation. Most of them will not be prisoners with medical conditions or severe mental illness; and many will undoubtedly be fine physical specimens who have developed intimidating muscles pumping iron in the prison gym.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Associate Justice Samuel Alito argues the lower courts failed to establish that overcrowding in California's prisons violates the Eighth Amendment. He, too, is appalled at the order to reduce inmate populations: \"The three-judge court ordered the premature release of approximately \u003cem>46,000 criminals—the equivalent of three Army divisions.\"\u003c/em> (Emphasis in original). He says he'd reverse the lower court for three reasons: the three-judge failed to look at current conditions in the state's prisons; the panel was wrong in ruling that the massive prisoner release is necessary to comply with the Eighth Amendment; and the panel failed to adequately consider the impact of the release on public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alito focuses mostly on that last point, saying that past attempts to reduce overcrowding by releasing inmates—even those found most likely to commit violent crimes—have been a failure. His view of what lies ahead here is dire:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The majority is gambling with the safety of the people of California. Before putting public safety at risk, every reasonable precaution should be taken. The decision below should be reversed, and the case should be remanded for this to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I fear that today’s decision, like prior prisoner release orders, will lead to a grim roster of victims. I hope that I am wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a few years, we will see.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Supreme Court of the United States:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/09-1233.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Brown v. Plata\u003c/a> (PDF)\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1306179603,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1588},"headData":{"title":"Supreme Court's Prison Ruling: A Closer Look | KQED","description":"Leafing through the 84 pages of decision and dissents from the U.S. Supreme Court today, the first sign you're in unusual territory is the pictures. The majority opinion from Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy includes three images depicting conditions in California's prisons. Two show generic scenes of overcrowding in a system that in 2006 was packed","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Supreme Court's Prison Ruling: A Closer Look","datePublished":"2011-05-23T16:08:02.000Z","dateModified":"2011-05-23T19:40:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"28310 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=28310","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/05/23/supreme-courts-prison-ruling-the-highlights/","disqusTitle":"Supreme Court's Prison Ruling: A Closer Look","path":"/news/28310/supreme-courts-prison-ruling-the-highlights","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28314\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 243px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/05/scotus110523a.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/05/scotus110523a.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Holding cages, Salinas Valley State Prison \" width=\"243\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28314\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image from today's Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Plata. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leafing through the \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/09-1233.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">84 pages of decision and dissents\u003c/a> from the U.S. Supreme Court today, the first sign you're in unusual territory is the pictures. The majority opinion from Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy includes three images depicting conditions in California's prisons. Two show generic scenes of overcrowding in a system that in 2006 was packed to 185 percent of its designed capacity. (One unforgettable portrait of the overflow conditions came from NPR's Laura Sullivan in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=92296114\" target=\"_blank\">a 2008 story on San Quentin\u003c/a>.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A third image (right) shows cages used to confine some mentally disturbed prisoners. Here's how the opinion describes them: \"Because of a shortage of treatment beds, suicidal inmates may be held for prolonged periods in telephone-booth sized cages without toilets. ... A psychiatric expert reported observing an inmate who had been held in such a cage for nearly 24 hours, standing in a pool of his own urine, unresponsive and nearly catatonic. Prison officials explained they had 'no place to put him.' \"\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\n(By the way: the use of images in U.S. Supreme Court opinions: rare but not unprecedented. For instance, see the 2003 opinion \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/04pdf/03-1500.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Van Orden v. Perry\u003c/a>, in which the court held that a display of the Ten Commandments on the Texas state capitol grounds did not violate the First Amendment's \u003ca href=\"http://topics.law.cornell.edu/wex/establishment_clause\" target=\"_blank\">establishment clause\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court was divided 5-4 in today's Brown v. Plata. But even that close result masks the bitterness of the split. The 84 pages comprise Kennedy's majority opinion—joined by Associate Justices Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan—and two dissents: one by Antonin Scalia (joined by Clarence Thomas) and one by Samuel Alito ( joined by Chief Justice John Roberts.) The dissents are incendiary, but more on that in a moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority opinion may be read as a condemnation of inhumane conditions in California prisons and as a ringing defense of the notion that under our Constitution society owes those we imprison a basic measure of rights:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n\"As a consequence of their own actions, prisoners may be deprived of rights that are fundamental to liberty. Yet the law and the Constitution demand recognition of certain other rights. Prisoners retain the essence of human dignity inherent in all persons. Respect for that dignity animates the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment. ' \"The basic concept underlying the Eighth Amendment is nothing less than the dignity of man.\" ' (Atkins v. Virginia 2002, Trop v. Dulles 1958.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To incarcerate, society takes from prisoners the means to provide for their own needs. Prisoners are dependent on the State for food, clothing, and necessary medical care. A prison’s failure to provide sustenance for inmates 'may actually produce physical \"torture or a lingering death.\" ' (in Estelle v. Gamble 1976, in re Kemmler 1890). ... Just as a prisoner may starve if not fed, he or she may suffer or die if not provided adequate medical care. A prison that deprives prisoners of basic sustenance, including adequate medical care, is incompatible with the concept of human dignity and has no place in civilized society.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>But today's decision actually turns on something a little more mundane than the principles underlying the Eighth Amendment. The court's charge was to adjudicate the California's challenge to lower federal courts' findings and prescriptions for the prison system under a 1996 law called the\u003ca href=\"http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Boston_PLRA_Treatise.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> Prison Litigation Reform Act\u003c/a>, or PLRA. The law seeks to make it harder for prisoners to sue over the conditions of their incarceration and requires both inmates and the courts that hear their cases to jump through a series of hoops in seeking and granting remedies to situations like dangerously inadequate mental health care—the allegation that drove the original federal court case (now known as Coleman v. Brown et al.). For instance, inmates must show they've exhausted every available avenue for resolving a complaint inside prison—using the prison's grievance procedures, say—before suing. The law also requires a special three-judge panel, rather than a single judge, to pass judgment on relief for prisoner lawsuits. In granting relief, a three-judge panel is required to come up with a sharply focused remedy to fix a constitutional violation. The panel must also give \"substantial weight\" to how its remedy will affect public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short, California argued that the federal courts where the case began overstepped their bounds when they convened a three-judge district court panel to consider the issue of medical care in the prisons; and that the three-judge panel was wrong in its conclusion that overcrowding was the cause of poor medical care, that the conclusion was based on outdated information, and that the panel's remedy—to require the state to reduce the prison population to 137.5 percent of capacity (about 46,000 inmates)—was far too sweeping and prescribed without due consideration for public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And again in short, the court majority rejected the state's argument, flatly affirming the panel's order to reduce the prison population—including a two-year deadline for meeting the inmate quota. The opinion comes with a long final section of advice to both the state and to the three-judge district court\u003cbr>\npanel on how to approach future handling of the case. In essence, the court tells the panel to be open to the state's suggestions for complying with its order; the court notes the state has already made progress in reducing its inmate population and suggests it might apply to extend the deadline for complying to five years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now to the dissents, which are remarkable for their predictions of a reign of terror if the court-ordered cut in prison populations is carried out. Associate Justice Antonin Scalia says that in affirming the lower court's order, the majority is going along with \"what is perhaps the most radical injunction issued by a court in our Nation’s history: an order requiring California to release the staggering number of 46,000 convicted criminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scalia focuses much of his scorn on the opinion's concluding passage. He calls it \"a bizarre coda\"—perhaps just a superfluous reminder to the three-judge district court panel that its order is subject to modification. Or perhaps something else:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"I suspect ... that this passage is a warning shot across the bow, telling the District Court that it had \u003cem>better\u003c/em> modify the injunction if the State requests what we invite it to request. Such a warning, if successful, would achieve the benefit of a marginal reduction in the inevitable murders, robberies, and rapes to be committed by the released inmates. ... But perhaps I am being too unkind. ... Perhaps the coda is nothing more than a ceremonial washing of the hands—making it clear for all to see, that if the terrible things sure to happen as a consequence of this outrageous order do happen, they will be none of this Court’s responsibility.\" \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Beyond the vitriol, Scalia's argument is that the lower court litigation failed to find any systemwide violation of the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment, that the majority has accepted a remedy far too broadly drawn to follow the dictates of the Prison Litigation Reform Act, and that the decision continues a trend toward \"structural injunctions\" that involve judges in supervising social institutions. Getting back to the vitriol, Scalia says:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"It is also worth noting the peculiarity that the vast majority of inmates most generously rewarded by the release order—the 46,000 whose incarceration will be ended—do not form part of any aggrieved class even under the Court’s expansive notion of constitutional violation. Most of them will not be prisoners with medical conditions or severe mental illness; and many will undoubtedly be fine physical specimens who have developed intimidating muscles pumping iron in the prison gym.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Associate Justice Samuel Alito argues the lower courts failed to establish that overcrowding in California's prisons violates the Eighth Amendment. He, too, is appalled at the order to reduce inmate populations: \"The three-judge court ordered the premature release of approximately \u003cem>46,000 criminals—the equivalent of three Army divisions.\"\u003c/em> (Emphasis in original). He says he'd reverse the lower court for three reasons: the three-judge failed to look at current conditions in the state's prisons; the panel was wrong in ruling that the massive prisoner release is necessary to comply with the Eighth Amendment; and the panel failed to adequately consider the impact of the release on public safety. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alito focuses mostly on that last point, saying that past attempts to reduce overcrowding by releasing inmates—even those found most likely to commit violent crimes—have been a failure. His view of what lies ahead here is dire:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The majority is gambling with the safety of the people of California. Before putting public safety at risk, every reasonable precaution should be taken. The decision below should be reversed, and the case should be remanded for this to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I fear that today’s decision, like prior prisoner release orders, will lead to a grim roster of victims. I hope that I am wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a few years, we will see.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Supreme Court of the United States:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/09-1233.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Brown v. Plata\u003c/a> (PDF)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/28310/supreme-courts-prison-ruling-the-highlights","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_1476","news_616","news_1473","news_152","news_1475","news_1472","news_1471"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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