Point Reyes National SeashorePoint Reyes National Seashore
Cattle Ranching Is at the Center of a Battle Brewing in Point Reyes
Lawsuit: Deaths of Point Reyes Elk Due to National Park Service Negligence
About That 'Exercise' Exemption ...
Point Reyes Beach Taken Over by Elephant Seals During Shutdown to Reopen for Viewing
Shutdown Leads to Elephant Seal Takeover
'You Don’t Have to Come Back': Life and Death in the Waters of Point Reyes
Lawsuit Challenges Cattle Ranches at Point Reyes National Seashore
National Park Service, Drakes Bay Oyster Co. Announce Exit Agreement
Feds Pursue 'Prompt Wind-Down' of Drakes Bay Oyster Co.
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She's formerly the host of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/pop/category/the-cooler/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Cooler\u003c/a> podcast.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"teacupinthebay","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"about","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"mindshift","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Carly Severn | KQED","description":"Senior Editor, Audience News ","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/carlysevern"},"dkatayama":{"type":"authors","id":"7240","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"7240","found":true},"name":"Devin Katayama","firstName":"Devin","lastName":"Katayama","slug":"dkatayama","email":"dkatayama@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Editor of Talent and Development","bio":"Devin Katayama is former Editor of Talent and Development for KQED. He supported our internship program and on-call staff by looking for equitable opportunities to improve the newsroom.\r\n\r\nHe previously hosted The Bay and American Suburb podcasts from KQED News. Prior to returning to the Bay Area in 2015, Devin was the education reporter for WFPL in Louisville and worked as a producer with radio stations in Chicago and Portland, OR. His work has appeared on NPR’s \u003cem>Morning Edition, All Things Considered, The Takeaway\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Here and Now.\u003c/em>\r\n\r\nDevin earned his MA in Journalism from Columbia College Chicago, where he was a Follett Fellow and the recipient of the 2011 Studs Terkel Community Media Workshop Scholarship for his story on Chicago's homeless youth. He won WBUR's 2014 Daniel Schorr award and a regional RTNDA Edward R. Murrow Award for his documentary \"At Risk\" that looked at issues facing some of Louisville's students. Devin has also received numerous local awards from the Associated Press and the Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"RadioDevin","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Devin Katayama | KQED","description":"Editor of Talent and Development","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0d2978a31002fb2de107921a8e18405?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dkatayama"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11936802":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11936802","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11936802","score":null,"sort":[1672916417000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cattle-ranching-is-at-the-center-of-a-battle-brewing-in-point-reyes","title":"Cattle Ranching Is at the Center of a Battle Brewing in Point Reyes","publishDate":1672916417,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Cattle Ranching Is at the Center of a Battle Brewing in Point Reyes | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3QhozaD\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is inspired by a question from Bay Curious listener Beth Touchette. She asked, “How did we end up allowing cattle in Point Reyes National Seashore?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]aturday, Aug. 28, 2021, brought a dramatic scene to the normally peaceful, windblown hills of Tomales Point in Point Reyes National Seashore. Dozens of people, from small children to older adults, hauled jugs of water over hills and through valleys only to dump their precious cargo into nearly dry ponds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were trying to keep the Tule elk that live on a fenced preserve alive during one of California’s longest droughts. In 2019, nearly a third of the herd died from a shortage of water and malnutrition — in part because they could not roam beyond the tall fence that contained them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Elk/Tule-Elk\">Tule elk\u003c/a> are an endemic species found only in California. They were hunted almost to extinction in the 1800s, but have been making a comeback in places like Point Reyes. The elk are big, averaging around 400 pounds, and need room to roam and forage. But this herd is isolated behind the fence to keep them away from another animal grazing in the park — an animal that some environmentalists say is being given priority: cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Point Reyes National Seashore was established in 1962, it’s been a lot of things to a lot of people. To the general public, it’s a beloved park that offers beautiful coastline, lush forests and windswept grassy hills. To environmentalists, it’s a habitat worth preserving. To ranchers, it’s the land their livelihoods depend on. To the area’s Native people, it’s long been a homeland with sacred sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, these competing interests could exist in relative harmony on the 70,000 acres that make up the park — but increasing demands on the land have caused things to sour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-scaled-e1672874259984.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"A group of female Tule elk lounge on a green hillside. The rugged California coastline and ocean are visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Once abundant in Point Reyes, Tule elk were nearly hunted to extinction. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How cattle came to graze on Point Reyes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Point Reyes peninsula is the homeland of the Coast Miwok people, who lived here for generations alongside the Tule elk. When Spanish missionaries colonized the area, they brought cows with them. Although the missionaries were based in San Rafael, their cows would roam as far west as the Point Reyes peninsula. Later, when Spain granted the land to Mexico, rancheros divided up the peninsula and continued to run cattle. After the Mexican-American war, California changed hands once again to become part of the United States. In the chaotic transition period, the boundaries of the Mexican ranches on the peninsula were challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at some of the Spanish land grants, they literally said from the tree to the rock,” said Loretta Farley, a former park ranger at Point Reyes National Seashore. “So that’s really open to interpretation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squatters moved in and settled on the land. The Mexican rancheros took them to court, but lost because they didn’t have the paperwork to demarcate the boundaries of their land. The legal battles were many and complicated, but when the dust settled in 1857, the law firm of Shafter, Shafter, Park and Heydenfeldt emerged as primary owners of the peninsula we now know as Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a series of tremendous fights we have beaten our adversaries at all points and, what is more, have humbled the strongest and the proudest of them,” \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/pore/hrs-ranching.pdf\">wrote Oscar Shafter (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936882\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 637px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"881\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg 637w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map-160x221.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A historic map of the alphabet ranch parcels in Point Reyes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Shafter brothers divided their property into more than 30 sections and leased the land to immigrants flooding into the area from places like Ireland, Switzerland and the Azores, in Portugal. The Shafters named the ranches from A to Z, what we now call the historic alphabet ranches, and developed a flourishing dairy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco was growing rapidly and people were hungry for the butter and cheese produced at the dairy farms. Later, when refrigeration was invented, the farms would also ship milk. At one point, the Point Reyes dairies produced more butter than anywhere else in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, the Shafter families sold some of their land to the farmers who had been leasing it from them. Some of those families are still operating beef and dairy ranches to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Home of the Coast Miwok\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the laborers on those early dairy ranches were Coast Miwok people who had been enslaved by Spanish missionaries, but returned to their homes along Tomales Bay if they were able. Their way of life had been completely upended, and now white ranchers owned the land and offered some of the only employment around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My grandmother was a ranch cook,” said Theresa Harlan. “My uncles worked on ranches as ranch hands.” Harlan is now the founder and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alliance4felixcove.org/\">Alliance for Felix Cove\u003c/a>; the cove is known as Laird’s Landing on maps. Harlan’s mother is Tomalko (Coast Miwok Tomales Bay) and grew up in a small wooden cabin here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family would row a small skiff across the bay to get mail or supplies that they couldn’t make themselves,” she said. “They say it was a 30-minute row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harlan’s family was evicted in the 1950s by the white dairy farmers who owned the land at the time, Sayles Turney and James Lundgren. Harlan’s family tried to fight the eviction, saying they’d been there since the 1800s, and the case went all the way to the state Supreme Court. Her family ultimately lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-scaled-e1672872337625.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A couple stands below the porch of an old wooden cabin\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Theresa Harlan and her husband, Ken Tiger, pose in front of the wood cabin her great-grandfather Joe Felix built. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a historic site,” Harlan said. “This needs to be protected. This little house sits neglected. Why? Why? Because it was the home of Tomalko people, California Indian people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been pushing the National Park Service and the \u003ca href=\"https://gratonrancheria.com/\">Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria\u003c/a>, the federally recognized tribe with whom it partners to preserve Coast Miwok sites, to do more to explain and protect her family’s legacy here. In particular, she wants visitors to know that as recently as the 1950s Tomalko people lived here, but were pushed out, repeating the violent history of Indigenous people throughout California. This is family lore to her, not ancient history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other Coast Miwok archaeological sites in Point Reyes, but many of them are kept confidential because they are sacred. The cabins in Felix Cove represent a more modern side of Native American history here, one that existed alongside the ranching history, which has already been designated as historic. Still, far fewer people know about Theresa Harlan’s family than about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/news/newsreleases_20181113_ranches_national_register_of_historic_places.htm\">historic alphabet ranches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From private ranch land to national park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, West Marin remained quite rural, with the ranches dominating local life and culture. But after World War II, when the Bay Area population was booming and demand for housing was high, real estate speculators started eyeing the Point Reyes peninsula for subdivision and development. Conservationists and local residents didn’t want to see that happen. They rallied together to advocate for a national seashore that would preserve the coastline for the public in perpetuity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A local U.S. representative, Clem Miller, was the primary force advocating for the national seashore in Washington, D.C. To achieve the dream, park advocates had to convince the ranchers to sell their land to the federal government. At first, many ranchers were adamantly opposed to the idea, but they also saw that if it wanted to, the government could use eminent domain to take their land, so instead they made a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was most interested in preserving the coastline. So, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_gmp_ea_goga_pore_1980_map_management_zoning.pdf\">divided the park into pastoral zones and wilderness areas (PDF)\u003c/a>. The ranchers sold their land to the government, but retained the right to ranch the land in the pastoral zones. It took years for the federal government to acquire the land, but by 1978, most of the ranchers had signed 25-year leases. At the end of the lease, the Park Service could decide whether to renew or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement made most parties happy. Conservationists were proud to have saved the area for the public. And the ranchers had earned a chunk of cash, while retaining the right to lease their lands from the government. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/historyculture/people_coastmiwok.htm\">The Coast Miwok, however, continued to struggle for recognition.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original 25-year leases have long expired, but for decades the Park Service has renewed them on a five-year basis. This longevity has made the ranches an important part of the economy and culture of West Marin, as well as key players in the local organic food scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recent controversies challenge the status quo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the National Park Service, which manages Point Reyes National Seashore, started a public process to update its Ranch Comprehensive Management Plan. Environmental groups watching the process believed the Park Service was heading down a road that would give ranchers more of what they wanted, without considering the rest of the park’s needs. So in 2016, a coalition of environmental groups sued the Park Service. They pointed out that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/management/upload/planning_gmp_1980.pdf\">Point Reyes General Management Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, the document that governs park activities, hadn’t been updated since 1980. Awareness of sensitive habitats, endangered species, climate change and the impacts of cattle on ecosystems had evolved since then, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parties came to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_ranch_cmp_settlement_agreement_final_170714.pdf\">court-approved settlement agreement (PDF)\u003c/a> that required the Park Service to amend its general management plan with an emphasis on the 28,000 acres affected by ranching activities. They had to come up with several scenarios, including one that would eliminate all ranching from the park. They also had to detail the environmental impacts of their preferred option, which involved several rounds of public comment and a presentation before the California Coastal Commission, which safeguards the state’s coastline and is concerned with the health of the waterways that run into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936897\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg\" alt='Protesters hold signs that say \"Save the Elk\" and \"Protect the Herd.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest the National Park Service over a plan to cull Tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore in Northern California. \u003ccite>(Peg Hunter/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the past several years, in public comment and through advocacy, environmentalists have argued that it’s time for cattle ranching to end in Point Reyes National Seashore. They say cattle suppress endemic plant species and endanger protected animals like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/amphibians/California_red-legged_frog/index.html\">California red-legged frog\u003c/a> when their manure gets into waterways. And, they’re concerned that as climate change worsens, drier conditions will be the norm, further upsetting ecosystems. If water and grass are scarce in Point Reyes, they say, it should go to the endemic flora and fauna, not cattle raised by private businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating the matter are the Tule elk, which have no natural predators now that grizzly bears no longer roam the area. Current management practices used throughout the state call for \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=162912&inline\">lethal termination to keep herd sizes in check (PDF)\u003c/a>. But in the 1990s, the Park Service got major pushback from the public when they proposed killing some of the Tule elk behind the fence once their numbers had grown too large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, in 1998, the Park Service moved some of the elk from behind the fence to a wilderness area near Limantour Beach. In the early 2000s, some of those elk migrated to an area near Drakes Beach, creating another herd.* These free-roaming herds have increasingly created problems for the ranchers, knocking down fences and competing for the same grass cattle eat. The Park Service has said it will actively keep these unfenced herds at specific sizes, terminating elk if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-scaled-e1672877098790.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Four male elk walk down a grassy hillside\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the ’70s, the Park Service designated the northern tip of Point Reyes as an elk preserve. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The elk situation has increasingly called attention to the Park Service’s management of the national seashore. Some Bay Area residents, like our question-asker this week, Beth Touchette, are wondering whether ranching is still appropriate there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Cattle ranching] never really bothered me until the drought got really bad,” she said. “There’s just limited resources and it’s like, well, how do we decide who gets this limited water? Should it be cattle ranching or should it be trying to keep the wildlife in the national park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranching advocates and the National Park Service say the issue needn’t be so cut-and-dried. While they admit they do need to plan for more extreme dry conditions in the future, they contend there are ways for the agency to balance ecological diversity with the direction from Congress and the Department of the Interior to continue to grant leases to ranchers. They say they are committed to more monitoring and regulation of the ranches in the park to ensure high environmental standards are met. In public comment, the ranchers also have committed to complying with environmental requirements. The Secretary of the interior could decide to end the decades long agreement, but so far each one, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/office-of-the-secretary\">the current Secretary Deb Haaland,\u003c/a> have not chosen to exercise that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All eyes on what’s next\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>History is at the heart of the debate about the future of Point Reyes National Seashore. The Coast Miwok were pushed off this land by Spanish colonizers, and again by ranchers decades later. Environmentalists and ranchers once found middle ground to create this 70,000-acre park. That ground has gotten shaky. How and if the Park Service can balance the interests of all parties going forward is yet to be seen. But the economic future of part of the community, the health of the environment and the very spirit of this land are at stake. Everyone will be watching what happens here next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story said the NPS created the Drakes Bay herd, when in fact the second herd was a product of the original elk migrating to a new area. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Visitors searching for tule elk in Point Reyes are sometimes surprised to find cattle grazing on commercial ranches. This week on we explore the legacy of ranching on this land, and hear from those who want it to end.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700531898,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":2406},"headData":{"title":"Cattle Ranching Is at the Center of a Battle Brewing in Point Reyes | KQED","description":"Visitors searching for tule elk in Point Reyes are sometimes surprised to find cattle grazing on commercial ranches. This week on we explore the legacy of ranching on this land, and hear from those who want it to end.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/EBCBFA/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC5399481021.mp3?updated=1672875097","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11936802/cattle-ranching-is-at-the-center-of-a-battle-brewing-in-point-reyes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3QhozaD\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is inspired by a question from Bay Curious listener Beth Touchette. She asked, “How did we end up allowing cattle in Point Reyes National Seashore?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>aturday, Aug. 28, 2021, brought a dramatic scene to the normally peaceful, windblown hills of Tomales Point in Point Reyes National Seashore. Dozens of people, from small children to older adults, hauled jugs of water over hills and through valleys only to dump their precious cargo into nearly dry ponds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were trying to keep the Tule elk that live on a fenced preserve alive during one of California’s longest droughts. In 2019, nearly a third of the herd died from a shortage of water and malnutrition — in part because they could not roam beyond the tall fence that contained them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Mammals/Elk/Tule-Elk\">Tule elk\u003c/a> are an endemic species found only in California. They were hunted almost to extinction in the 1800s, but have been making a comeback in places like Point Reyes. The elk are big, averaging around 400 pounds, and need room to roam and forage. But this herd is isolated behind the fence to keep them away from another animal grazing in the park — an animal that some environmentalists say is being given priority: cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Point Reyes National Seashore was established in 1962, it’s been a lot of things to a lot of people. To the general public, it’s a beloved park that offers beautiful coastline, lush forests and windswept grassy hills. To environmentalists, it’s a habitat worth preserving. To ranchers, it’s the land their livelihoods depend on. To the area’s Native people, it’s long been a homeland with sacred sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, these competing interests could exist in relative harmony on the 70,000 acres that make up the park — but increasing demands on the land have caused things to sour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-scaled-e1672874259984.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936864\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5101-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"A group of female Tule elk lounge on a green hillside. The rugged California coastline and ocean are visible in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Once abundant in Point Reyes, Tule elk were nearly hunted to extinction. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How cattle came to graze on Point Reyes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Point Reyes peninsula is the homeland of the Coast Miwok people, who lived here for generations alongside the Tule elk. When Spanish missionaries colonized the area, they brought cows with them. Although the missionaries were based in San Rafael, their cows would roam as far west as the Point Reyes peninsula. Later, when Spain granted the land to Mexico, rancheros divided up the peninsula and continued to run cattle. After the Mexican-American war, California changed hands once again to become part of the United States. In the chaotic transition period, the boundaries of the Mexican ranches on the peninsula were challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at some of the Spanish land grants, they literally said from the tree to the rock,” said Loretta Farley, a former park ranger at Point Reyes National Seashore. “So that’s really open to interpretation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squatters moved in and settled on the land. The Mexican rancheros took them to court, but lost because they didn’t have the paperwork to demarcate the boundaries of their land. The legal battles were many and complicated, but when the dust settled in 1857, the law firm of Shafter, Shafter, Park and Heydenfeldt emerged as primary owners of the peninsula we now know as Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a series of tremendous fights we have beaten our adversaries at all points and, what is more, have humbled the strongest and the proudest of them,” \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/pore/hrs-ranching.pdf\">wrote Oscar Shafter (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936882\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 637px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936882\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"637\" height=\"881\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map.jpg 637w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Alphabet-Ranch-Map-160x221.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A historic map of the alphabet ranch parcels in Point Reyes.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Shafter brothers divided their property into more than 30 sections and leased the land to immigrants flooding into the area from places like Ireland, Switzerland and the Azores, in Portugal. The Shafters named the ranches from A to Z, what we now call the historic alphabet ranches, and developed a flourishing dairy business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco was growing rapidly and people were hungry for the butter and cheese produced at the dairy farms. Later, when refrigeration was invented, the farms would also ship milk. At one point, the Point Reyes dairies produced more butter than anywhere else in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, the Shafter families sold some of their land to the farmers who had been leasing it from them. Some of those families are still operating beef and dairy ranches to this day.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Home of the Coast Miwok\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many of the laborers on those early dairy ranches were Coast Miwok people who had been enslaved by Spanish missionaries, but returned to their homes along Tomales Bay if they were able. Their way of life had been completely upended, and now white ranchers owned the land and offered some of the only employment around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My grandmother was a ranch cook,” said Theresa Harlan. “My uncles worked on ranches as ranch hands.” Harlan is now the founder and director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.alliance4felixcove.org/\">Alliance for Felix Cove\u003c/a>; the cove is known as Laird’s Landing on maps. Harlan’s mother is Tomalko (Coast Miwok Tomales Bay) and grew up in a small wooden cabin here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family would row a small skiff across the bay to get mail or supplies that they couldn’t make themselves,” she said. “They say it was a 30-minute row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harlan’s family was evicted in the 1950s by the white dairy farmers who owned the land at the time, Sayles Turney and James Lundgren. Harlan’s family tried to fight the eviction, saying they’d been there since the 1800s, and the case went all the way to the state Supreme Court. Her family ultimately lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936854\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-scaled-e1672872337625.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/IMG_2299-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A couple stands below the porch of an old wooden cabin\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Theresa Harlan and her husband, Ken Tiger, pose in front of the wood cabin her great-grandfather Joe Felix built. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is a historic site,” Harlan said. “This needs to be protected. This little house sits neglected. Why? Why? Because it was the home of Tomalko people, California Indian people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been pushing the National Park Service and the \u003ca href=\"https://gratonrancheria.com/\">Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria\u003c/a>, the federally recognized tribe with whom it partners to preserve Coast Miwok sites, to do more to explain and protect her family’s legacy here. In particular, she wants visitors to know that as recently as the 1950s Tomalko people lived here, but were pushed out, repeating the violent history of Indigenous people throughout California. This is family lore to her, not ancient history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other Coast Miwok archaeological sites in Point Reyes, but many of them are kept confidential because they are sacred. The cabins in Felix Cove represent a more modern side of Native American history here, one that existed alongside the ranching history, which has already been designated as historic. Still, far fewer people know about Theresa Harlan’s family than about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/news/newsreleases_20181113_ranches_national_register_of_historic_places.htm\">historic alphabet ranches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From private ranch land to national park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, West Marin remained quite rural, with the ranches dominating local life and culture. But after World War II, when the Bay Area population was booming and demand for housing was high, real estate speculators started eyeing the Point Reyes peninsula for subdivision and development. Conservationists and local residents didn’t want to see that happen. They rallied together to advocate for a national seashore that would preserve the coastline for the public in perpetuity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A local U.S. representative, Clem Miller, was the primary force advocating for the national seashore in Washington, D.C. To achieve the dream, park advocates had to convince the ranchers to sell their land to the federal government. At first, many ranchers were adamantly opposed to the idea, but they also saw that if it wanted to, the government could use eminent domain to take their land, so instead they made a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was most interested in preserving the coastline. So, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_gmp_ea_goga_pore_1980_map_management_zoning.pdf\">divided the park into pastoral zones and wilderness areas (PDF)\u003c/a>. The ranchers sold their land to the government, but retained the right to ranch the land in the pastoral zones. It took years for the federal government to acquire the land, but by 1978, most of the ranchers had signed 25-year leases. At the end of the lease, the Park Service could decide whether to renew or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement made most parties happy. Conservationists were proud to have saved the area for the public. And the ranchers had earned a chunk of cash, while retaining the right to lease their lands from the government. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/historyculture/people_coastmiwok.htm\">The Coast Miwok, however, continued to struggle for recognition.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original 25-year leases have long expired, but for decades the Park Service has renewed them on a five-year basis. This longevity has made the ranches an important part of the economy and culture of West Marin, as well as key players in the local organic food scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recent controversies challenge the status quo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the National Park Service, which manages Point Reyes National Seashore, started a public process to update its Ranch Comprehensive Management Plan. Environmental groups watching the process believed the Park Service was heading down a road that would give ranchers more of what they wanted, without considering the rest of the park’s needs. So in 2016, a coalition of environmental groups sued the Park Service. They pointed out that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/management/upload/planning_gmp_1980.pdf\">Point Reyes General Management Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, the document that governs park activities, hadn’t been updated since 1980. Awareness of sensitive habitats, endangered species, climate change and the impacts of cattle on ecosystems had evolved since then, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parties came to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/getinvolved/upload/planning_ranch_cmp_settlement_agreement_final_170714.pdf\">court-approved settlement agreement (PDF)\u003c/a> that required the Park Service to amend its general management plan with an emphasis on the 28,000 acres affected by ranching activities. They had to come up with several scenarios, including one that would eliminate all ranching from the park. They also had to detail the environmental impacts of their preferred option, which involved several rounds of public comment and a presentation before the California Coastal Commission, which safeguards the state’s coastline and is concerned with the health of the waterways that run into the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936897\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg\" alt='Protesters hold signs that say \"Save the Elk\" and \"Protect the Herd.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Point-Reyes-Protest.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest the National Park Service over a plan to cull Tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore in Northern California. \u003ccite>(Peg Hunter/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the past several years, in public comment and through advocacy, environmentalists have argued that it’s time for cattle ranching to end in Point Reyes National Seashore. They say cattle suppress endemic plant species and endanger protected animals like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/amphibians/California_red-legged_frog/index.html\">California red-legged frog\u003c/a> when their manure gets into waterways. And, they’re concerned that as climate change worsens, drier conditions will be the norm, further upsetting ecosystems. If water and grass are scarce in Point Reyes, they say, it should go to the endemic flora and fauna, not cattle raised by private businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Complicating the matter are the Tule elk, which have no natural predators now that grizzly bears no longer roam the area. Current management practices used throughout the state call for \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=162912&inline\">lethal termination to keep herd sizes in check (PDF)\u003c/a>. But in the 1990s, the Park Service got major pushback from the public when they proposed killing some of the Tule elk behind the fence once their numbers had grown too large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, in 1998, the Park Service moved some of the elk from behind the fence to a wilderness area near Limantour Beach. In the early 2000s, some of those elk migrated to an area near Drakes Beach, creating another herd.* These free-roaming herds have increasingly created problems for the ranchers, knocking down fences and competing for the same grass cattle eat. The Park Service has said it will actively keep these unfenced herds at specific sizes, terminating elk if need be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-scaled-e1672877098790.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11936879\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/DSC5237-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Four male elk walk down a grassy hillside\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the ’70s, the Park Service designated the northern tip of Point Reyes as an elk preserve. \u003ccite>(Amanda Font/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The elk situation has increasingly called attention to the Park Service’s management of the national seashore. Some Bay Area residents, like our question-asker this week, Beth Touchette, are wondering whether ranching is still appropriate there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Cattle ranching] never really bothered me until the drought got really bad,” she said. “There’s just limited resources and it’s like, well, how do we decide who gets this limited water? Should it be cattle ranching or should it be trying to keep the wildlife in the national park?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranching advocates and the National Park Service say the issue needn’t be so cut-and-dried. While they admit they do need to plan for more extreme dry conditions in the future, they contend there are ways for the agency to balance ecological diversity with the direction from Congress and the Department of the Interior to continue to grant leases to ranchers. They say they are committed to more monitoring and regulation of the ranches in the park to ensure high environmental standards are met. In public comment, the ranchers also have committed to complying with environmental requirements. The Secretary of the interior could decide to end the decades long agreement, but so far each one, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/office-of-the-secretary\">the current Secretary Deb Haaland,\u003c/a> have not chosen to exercise that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>All eyes on what’s next\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>History is at the heart of the debate about the future of Point Reyes National Seashore. The Coast Miwok were pushed off this land by Spanish colonizers, and again by ranchers decades later. Environmentalists and ranchers once found middle ground to create this 70,000-acre park. That ground has gotten shaky. How and if the Park Service can balance the interests of all parties going forward is yet to be seen. But the economic future of part of the community, the health of the environment and the very spirit of this land are at stake. Everyone will be watching what happens here next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*An earlier version of this story said the NPS created the Drakes Bay herd, when in fact the second herd was a product of the original elk migrating to a new area. We regret the error.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11936802/cattle-ranching-is-at-the-center-of-a-battle-brewing-in-point-reyes","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_18334","news_21074","news_29873","news_1262","news_3286","news_3287","news_29613"],"featImg":"news_11936894","label":"source_news_11936802"},"news_11878963":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11878963","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11878963","score":null,"sort":[1624406314000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"lawsuit-deaths-of-point-reyes-elk-due-to-national-park-service-negligence","title":"Lawsuit: Deaths of Point Reyes Elk Due to National Park Service Negligence","publishDate":1624406314,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Dozens of tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore have died from starvation and dehydration in the last year because the animals couldn't get past a fence that the National Park Service placed to stop them from competing for food and water with cattle, according to a lawsuit filed Tuesday against the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California residents and the Animal Legal Defense Fund sued the park service in federal court in San Francisco, claiming it is being negligent and saying more animals will die if the agency is not ordered to provide food and water during the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The National Park Service has a responsibility to protect and preserve these beautiful animals. The idea that depriving them of food and water somehow fulfills that responsibility isn't just absurd, it's undeniably inhumane,\" said Kate Barnekow, of Harvard Law School's Animal Law & Policy Clinic, who is representing the plaintiffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jack Gescheidt, environmentalist and plaintiff in the lawsuit\"]'The knowledge that approximately a third of the Tomales Point herd of tule elk has already died from a lack of adequate water and forage is absolutely chilling.'[/pullquote]Point Reyes National Seashore spokeswoman Melanie Gunn said she couldn't comment on pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule elk are a subspecies of elk native to California. The 700-pound animals, which were hunted to near extinction in the 1800s, were reintroduced in Point Reyes in 1978. Herds of the animals roam within a preserve at Tomales Point at the northern end of the national seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the lawsuit, 152 elk — more than a third of the population — have died since last year, and necropsies obtained under the Freedom of Information Act show that the emaciated elk died of starvation or dehydration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park service announced earlier this month that it had installed three large troughs after many of the stock ponds and other water sources began drying up earlier than expected due to lack of rain. But that water was only accessible to one of four herds at Tomales Point, the lawsuit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fence was erected decades ago to prevent the elk from competing with the cattle that are permitted by the park service to graze on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest names in the Bay Area's organic meat and dairy industry lease land in Point Reyes, including Straus Family Creamery, Bill Niman and Nicolette Hahn Niman of BN Ranch, LLC (\u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/2017/3/22/15027302/blue-apron-bn-ranch-bill-niman-acquisition\">and formerly of Niman Ranch fame\u003c/a>), and David Evans of Marin Sun Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plaintiff Jack Gescheidt, an environmentalist and artist, has been visiting \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/tomales_point.htm\">Tomales Point\u003c/a> for at least 20 years. He said the park service cited him after he took troughs of water to the elk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The knowledge that approximately a third of the Tomales Point herd of tule elk has already died from a lack of adequate water and forage is absolutely chilling,\" he said. \"I see these beautiful animals and want them to experience a healthy, happy, safe life, but I know that so many of them will die—through no fault of their own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dozens of tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore have died from starvation and dehydration in the last year. A lawsuit filed Tuesday places blame on the National Park Service.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1624410326,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":521},"headData":{"title":"Lawsuit: Deaths of Point Reyes Elk Due to National Park Service Negligence | KQED","description":"Dozens of tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore have died from starvation and dehydration in the last year. A lawsuit filed Tuesday places blame on the National Park Service.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11878963 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11878963","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/06/22/lawsuit-deaths-of-point-reyes-elk-due-to-national-park-service-negligence/","disqusTitle":"Lawsuit: Deaths of Point Reyes Elk Due to National Park Service Negligence","nprByline":"Olga R. Rodriguez \u003cbr> The Associated Press","path":"/news/11878963/lawsuit-deaths-of-point-reyes-elk-due-to-national-park-service-negligence","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dozens of tule elk at Point Reyes National Seashore have died from starvation and dehydration in the last year because the animals couldn't get past a fence that the National Park Service placed to stop them from competing for food and water with cattle, according to a lawsuit filed Tuesday against the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California residents and the Animal Legal Defense Fund sued the park service in federal court in San Francisco, claiming it is being negligent and saying more animals will die if the agency is not ordered to provide food and water during the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The National Park Service has a responsibility to protect and preserve these beautiful animals. The idea that depriving them of food and water somehow fulfills that responsibility isn't just absurd, it's undeniably inhumane,\" said Kate Barnekow, of Harvard Law School's Animal Law & Policy Clinic, who is representing the plaintiffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'The knowledge that approximately a third of the Tomales Point herd of tule elk has already died from a lack of adequate water and forage is absolutely chilling.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Jack Gescheidt, environmentalist and plaintiff in the lawsuit","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Point Reyes National Seashore spokeswoman Melanie Gunn said she couldn't comment on pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tule elk are a subspecies of elk native to California. The 700-pound animals, which were hunted to near extinction in the 1800s, were reintroduced in Point Reyes in 1978. Herds of the animals roam within a preserve at Tomales Point at the northern end of the national seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the lawsuit, 152 elk — more than a third of the population — have died since last year, and necropsies obtained under the Freedom of Information Act show that the emaciated elk died of starvation or dehydration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park service announced earlier this month that it had installed three large troughs after many of the stock ponds and other water sources began drying up earlier than expected due to lack of rain. But that water was only accessible to one of four herds at Tomales Point, the lawsuit said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fence was erected decades ago to prevent the elk from competing with the cattle that are permitted by the park service to graze on public land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the biggest names in the Bay Area's organic meat and dairy industry lease land in Point Reyes, including Straus Family Creamery, Bill Niman and Nicolette Hahn Niman of BN Ranch, LLC (\u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/2017/3/22/15027302/blue-apron-bn-ranch-bill-niman-acquisition\">and formerly of Niman Ranch fame\u003c/a>), and David Evans of Marin Sun Farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plaintiff Jack Gescheidt, an environmentalist and artist, has been visiting \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/tomales_point.htm\">Tomales Point\u003c/a> for at least 20 years. He said the park service cited him after he took troughs of water to the elk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The knowledge that approximately a third of the Tomales Point herd of tule elk has already died from a lack of adequate water and forage is absolutely chilling,\" he said. \"I see these beautiful animals and want them to experience a healthy, happy, safe life, but I know that so many of them will die—through no fault of their own.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11878963/lawsuit-deaths-of-point-reyes-elk-due-to-national-park-service-negligence","authors":["byline_news_11878963"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_18132","news_17898","news_3286","news_3287","news_29613"],"featImg":"news_11878969","label":"news"},"news_11808315":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11808315","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11808315","score":null,"sort":[1585007920000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"about-that-exercise-exemption","title":"About That 'Exercise' Exemption ...","publishDate":1585007920,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>How much outdoor time is too much under a shelter-in-place order?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After crowds descended on Stinson Beach over the weekend, Marin County officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957877/live-updates-coronavirus-in-the-san-francisco-bay-area\">begged people to stay home\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Point Reyes National Seashore to Yosemite National Park, facilities and in some cases entire national parks have been shut down in response to the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelter-in-place rules currently allow for wiggle room to get exercise or to walk the dog outdoors, but these rules may be tightened if last weekend's crowd scenes are repeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're not in doubt, stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"How much outdoor time is too much under a shelter-in-place order? After crowds descended on Stinson Beach over the weekend, Marin County officials begged people to stay home. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1585008560,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":105},"headData":{"title":"About That 'Exercise' Exemption ... | KQED","description":"How much outdoor time is too much under a shelter-in-place order? After crowds descended on Stinson Beach over the weekend, Marin County officials begged people to stay home. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11808315 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11808315","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/03/23/about-that-exercise-exemption/","disqusTitle":"About That 'Exercise' Exemption ...","path":"/news/11808315/about-that-exercise-exemption","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>How much outdoor time is too much under a shelter-in-place order?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After crowds descended on Stinson Beach over the weekend, Marin County officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1957877/live-updates-coronavirus-in-the-san-francisco-bay-area\">begged people to stay home\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Point Reyes National Seashore to Yosemite National Park, facilities and in some cases entire national parks have been shut down in response to the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelter-in-place rules currently allow for wiggle room to get exercise or to walk the dog outdoors, but these rules may be tightened if last weekend's crowd scenes are repeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When in doubt, stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you're not in doubt, stay home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11808315/about-that-exercise-exemption","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_27350","news_27504","news_20949","news_3287","news_27638","news_4709"],"featImg":"news_11808323","label":"news_18515"},"news_11722180":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11722180","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11722180","score":null,"sort":[1549057215000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"elephant-seals-take-over-popular-point-reyes-beach-left-unguarded-during-shutdown","title":"Point Reyes Beach Taken Over by Elephant Seals During Shutdown to Reopen for Viewing","publishDate":1549057215,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Friday, Feb. 1, at 12:45 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourists unable to visit a popular beach in Northern California that was taken over by a colony of nursing elephant seals during the government shutdown will be able to get an up-close view of the creatures, officials said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes National Seashore rangers and volunteer docents will lead small groups of visitors starting Saturday to the edge of a parking lot so they can safely see the elephant seals and their newborn pups, said park spokesman John Dell'Osso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 adult seals that gave birth to 35 pups took over Drakes Beach during the 35-day government shutdown, leading park officials to close access to the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's likely that recent storms and high tides inundated the animal's normal habitat, and so they sought a wider swath of dry land around the corner, Dell'Osso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the guided tours will be an opportunity for visitors to witness the recovery of a once-threatened species from about 40 yards away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can normally view the seals from an overlook at Chimney Rock, often with assistance from volunteer docents who provide binoculars and spotting scopes as well as interpretive materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a great story about the recovery of a species,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dell'Osso said a large winter storm is forecast for this weekend and that may keep people away, but officials will decide next week if the weekend tours will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elephant seals began appearing at the seashore in the 1970s after an absence of more than 150 years. The marine mammals spend most of their lives out in the ocean but return to shore each winter to birth pups and breed and, later, in spring or summer, to molt, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Press Democrat reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, Jan. 30:\u003c/strong> When the government goes away, the elephant seals will play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's at least what happened at Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown earlier this month, when no staff members were on duty to ward off a colony of the large marine mammals from congregating on a popular beach, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 adult seals that have birthed 35 pups took over \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/miZRPgrbarm\">Drakes Beach\u003c/a> by knocking down a fence and moving into the parking lot, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Point-Reyes-Drakes-Beach-elephant-seals-13570578.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle reported Wednesday\u003c/a>. The seals continued lounging in the sand after the park reopened on Sunday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/elephant_seals.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prompting park staff to close\u003c/a> the beach and the road leading to it from Sir Francis Drake Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/nbcbayarea/status/1090105097957376000\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park north of San Francisco is home to a colony of about 1,500 elephant seals that tend to frequent another nearby beach with 100-foot-tall cliffs that keep the animals protected and mostly hidden from the public, said park spokesman John Dell'Osso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dell'Osso said it's likely the recent storms and high tides inundated their normal gathering spot with water, and so they sought a wider swath of dry land nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes you go out with tarps and you shake the tarps, and it annoys them and they move the other direction,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because nobody was at work to address the seal migration, the animals took over. One seal even ventured under a picnic table near a cafe, the Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials have no plans to try to move the elephant seals, as some are still nursing their pups. But Dell'Osso said the park is considering offering guided tours of the colony.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"About 60 adult seals that gave birth to 35 pups took over Drakes Beach during the 35-day government shutdown, leading park officials to close access to the beach.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1549061927,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":586},"headData":{"title":"Point Reyes Beach Taken Over by Elephant Seals During Shutdown to Reopen for Viewing | KQED","description":"About 60 adult seals that gave birth to 35 pups took over Drakes Beach during the 35-day government shutdown, leading park officials to close access to the beach.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11722180 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11722180","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/01/elephant-seals-take-over-popular-point-reyes-beach-left-unguarded-during-shutdown/","disqusTitle":"Point Reyes Beach Taken Over by Elephant Seals During Shutdown to Reopen for Viewing","nprByline":"Associated Press","path":"/news/11722180/elephant-seals-take-over-popular-point-reyes-beach-left-unguarded-during-shutdown","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Friday, Feb. 1, at 12:45 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tourists unable to visit a popular beach in Northern California that was taken over by a colony of nursing elephant seals during the government shutdown will be able to get an up-close view of the creatures, officials said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes National Seashore rangers and volunteer docents will lead small groups of visitors starting Saturday to the edge of a parking lot so they can safely see the elephant seals and their newborn pups, said park spokesman John Dell'Osso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 adult seals that gave birth to 35 pups took over Drakes Beach during the 35-day government shutdown, leading park officials to close access to the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's likely that recent storms and high tides inundated the animal's normal habitat, and so they sought a wider swath of dry land around the corner, Dell'Osso said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the guided tours will be an opportunity for visitors to witness the recovery of a once-threatened species from about 40 yards away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors can normally view the seals from an overlook at Chimney Rock, often with assistance from volunteer docents who provide binoculars and spotting scopes as well as interpretive materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a great story about the recovery of a species,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dell'Osso said a large winter storm is forecast for this weekend and that may keep people away, but officials will decide next week if the weekend tours will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elephant seals began appearing at the seashore in the 1970s after an absence of more than 150 years. The marine mammals spend most of their lives out in the ocean but return to shore each winter to birth pups and breed and, later, in spring or summer, to molt, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Press Democrat reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, Jan. 30:\u003c/strong> When the government goes away, the elephant seals will play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's at least what happened at Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown earlier this month, when no staff members were on duty to ward off a colony of the large marine mammals from congregating on a popular beach, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 adult seals that have birthed 35 pups took over \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/maps/miZRPgrbarm\">Drakes Beach\u003c/a> by knocking down a fence and moving into the parking lot, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Point-Reyes-Drakes-Beach-elephant-seals-13570578.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Chronicle reported Wednesday\u003c/a>. The seals continued lounging in the sand after the park reopened on Sunday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/elephant_seals.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prompting park staff to close\u003c/a> the beach and the road leading to it from Sir Francis Drake Boulevard.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1090105097957376000"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The park north of San Francisco is home to a colony of about 1,500 elephant seals that tend to frequent another nearby beach with 100-foot-tall cliffs that keep the animals protected and mostly hidden from the public, said park spokesman John Dell'Osso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dell'Osso said it's likely the recent storms and high tides inundated their normal gathering spot with water, and so they sought a wider swath of dry land nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes you go out with tarps and you shake the tarps, and it annoys them and they move the other direction,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because nobody was at work to address the seal migration, the animals took over. One seal even ventured under a picnic table near a cafe, the Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials have no plans to try to move the elephant seals, as some are still nursing their pups. But Dell'Osso said the park is considering offering guided tours of the colony.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11722180/elephant-seals-take-over-popular-point-reyes-beach-left-unguarded-during-shutdown","authors":["byline_news_11722180"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_24912","news_1204","news_3287"],"featImg":"news_11722225","label":"news_72"},"news_11722249":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11722249","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11722249","score":null,"sort":[1548890233000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"shutdown-leads-to-elephant-seal-takeover","title":"Shutdown Leads to Elephant Seal Takeover","publishDate":1548890233,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Elephant seals \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioredrakesseals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took over Drakes Beach\u003c/a> in Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the usual contingent of \u003cem>Homo sapiens\u003c/em> were scarce during the shutdown, scores of elephant seal pups and their parents — who can weigh in around 5,000 pounds — began to congregate on the beach, eventually knocking down a fence and moving into the parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of now, the National Park Service has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/elephant_seals.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closed the beach\u003c/a> in order to give the seals plenty of room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The elephant seals have not taken a position on funding President Trump's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Elephant seals took over Drakes Beach in Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1548891136,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":99},"headData":{"title":"Shutdown Leads to Elephant Seal Takeover | KQED","description":"Elephant seals took over Drakes Beach in Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11722249 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11722249","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/01/30/shutdown-leads-to-elephant-seal-takeover/","disqusTitle":"Shutdown Leads to Elephant Seal Takeover","path":"/news/11722249/shutdown-leads-to-elephant-seal-takeover","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Elephant seals \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioredrakesseals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took over Drakes Beach\u003c/a> in Point Reyes National Seashore during the government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the usual contingent of \u003cem>Homo sapiens\u003c/em> were scarce during the shutdown, scores of elephant seal pups and their parents — who can weigh in around 5,000 pounds — began to congregate on the beach, eventually knocking down a fence and moving into the parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of now, the National Park Service has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/learn/nature/elephant_seals.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closed the beach\u003c/a> in order to give the seals plenty of room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The elephant seals have not taken a position on funding President Trump's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11722249/shutdown-leads-to-elephant-seal-takeover","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18132","news_24912","news_1204","news_20949","news_24748","news_3287"],"featImg":"news_11722258","label":"news_18515"},"news_11659308":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11659308","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11659308","score":null,"sort":[1523058340000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"you-dont-have-to-come-back-life-and-death-in-the-waters-of-point-reyes","title":"'You Don’t Have to Come Back': Life and Death in the Waters of Point Reyes","publishDate":1523058340,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>“You have to go out, but you don’t have to come back” -- motto attributed to the Life Saving Service, 19th century\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The words “California coast” conjure a certain image -- sun-drenched beaches, warm waters -- in the popular imagination. Point Reyes National Seashore, 50 miles north of San Francisco, does not fit that image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the foggiest, windiest places in North America, for hundreds of years this stretch of the Pacific Ocean has posed incredible danger to seafarers. And hidden away inland, just off the road to Point Reyes’ famous lighthouse, there’s a tiny burial ground that conveys the human cost of this rugged, treacherous coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The graves of the four \"surfmen\" in Point Reyes at the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery is concealed within a knoll of cypress and eucalyptus trees, and most visitors drive right past it. Here, simple headstones mark the bodies of four young immigrants from Sweden, Finland and Germany. Known as “surfmen”, they were members of what was then called the Life Saving Service -- what we now know as the United States Coast Guard. All four lost their lives working in Point Reyes in the 1890s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the cemetery, you can just see the exact stretch of coastline on which those surfmen spent their last months at Point Reyes’ very first Life-Saving Station. This area is known as the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the most treacherous stretch of water out here,” says John Dell’Osso, who has worked in Point Reyes for the National Park Service for 35 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659318 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 12 mile stretch of coastline known as the Great Beach, where Point Reyes' first-ever Life-Saving Station was built \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes stretches out 10 miles from the mainland into the Pacific Ocean, resulting in its infamous high coastal winds and thick shrouding fogs. Even the logbooks of Sir Francis Drake’s ship in 1579 complain of \"the stinking fogges\" here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the first recorded shipwreck on the West Coast occurred: a Spanish galleon, torn on the rocks in 1595. Until the lighthouse was built in 1870, sailors on these waters making the turn into San Francisco Bay had no warning of the jagged land they were about to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service says that before the Life-Saving Station was built around 1890, the beaches were littered with shipwrecks -- that residents often had to watch as those passengers and crew drowned in the waters in front of them. They couldn’t go in because in a place like Point Reyes, the surf is the thing that will kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659483\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659483 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-800x496.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1020x632.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1180x731.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-960x595.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-240x149.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-375x232.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Point Reyes Life-Saving Station (1889-1927) at which the four surfmen would have served, \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We don’t know a lot about the young men lying in the cemetery, but we know how dangerous, punishing and isolating their work was in the Life Saving Service. At the Point Reyes Lighthouse, says Dell’Osso, winds “have been clocked at 133 miles per hour. We close the [visitor] stairs at 40 miles per hour because you can barely stand in that condition.” Regardless, he says, “if there was a rescue to be done, these individuals did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no motorized boats, or radios, or powerful searchlights like the Coast Guard has today. These men were dragging their small lifeboats across the hard sand, through mounds of driftwood, and rowing out to shipwrecks by hand, in swells that could reach as high as 12 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you've ever seen some of the stormy conditions in the Point Reyes Seashore when we have pounding surf coming in,” says Dell’Osso, \"it's frightening to think that they did that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1020x670.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1180x775.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-960x631.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-375x246.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfboat launch at Drakes Bay in Point Reyes, circa 1900 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Often, when the waves prevented the surfmen’s rowboat from reaching a sinking ship, they would have to rescue the passengers one by one using a “breeches buoy”: a pair of thick, wide pants sewn into a life-ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was into this that an exhausted, freezing, wet survivor would slide their legs and be hauled over to safety, high above the raging waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original \"breeches buoy\" in the Point Reyes Lifeboat Station at Chimney Rock \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they weren’t making rescues, these men were relentlessly training -- ready to launch themselves into the ocean at a moment’s notice. So dangerous was their work that the four surfmen lying in the cemetery didn’t even die making a rescue, but in training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Carstens, of Germany, and Andrew Anderson, a Swede, died on a freezing December morning in 1890, as they were pulling their training boat back onto shore. According to the station’s logbooks, a huge breaker rose and overturned the vessel onto them, inflicting massive internal injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account of the accident in the \u003cem>Sausalito News\u003c/em> relates how Anderson in particular was dragged from the surf “insensible, with the blood pouring from his mouth.” Both men died within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659497\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1123\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-960x562.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-240x140.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-375x219.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-520x304.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A \"breeches buoy' rescue, circa 1912 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over two years later, the second Swede, George Larson, died in the same spot, in exactly the same way. Yet their Finnish crewmate, John Korpala, wasn’t anywhere near a boat when he died in 1891. After hours patrolling the freezing wet beach, he went to bed with chills and never woke up. The coroner’s verdict was a hemorrhage in his lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they were kind of a different breed of individuals,” says Dell’Osso. “So I'm not sure if they were frightened, or they were, like, gung-ho to go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, he says, their story is one “about lives of sacrifice and service. And that's that's exactly what they did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659494 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1094\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-160x91.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-800x456.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1020x581.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1180x672.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-960x547.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-240x137.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-375x214.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-520x296.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Life-Saving team at Point Reyes, date unknown \u003ccite>(National Maritime Museum, San Francisco/Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the turn of the century, the Lifesaving Service was combined with the United States Revenue Cutter Service to form the Coast Guard we know today. In 1927, the station was moved to Chimney Rock, away from the deadly surf of the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Lifeboat Station still stands today, complete with pier and “marine railway” tracks used to launch the agency’s new motorized lifeboats. Although it demonstrates just a few decades' technological advancement, this newer building is a world away from the hand-dragged rowboats commanded by the earlier surfmen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only the tiny cemetery a few miles away bears witness to the life and work of those first rescuers. Yet the reason that the four surfmen are buried here, of all places, lies a little further up that hill in the form of \u003cem>more\u003c/em> headstones -- all belonging to a local Swedish family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659323\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Driftwood on the Great Beach of Point Reyes. On foggy days like this, visibility is minimal. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when the surfmen died, the land belonged to a dairy rancher called Peter Henry Claussen. This is the Claussen family graveyard, on the historic G Ranch, and he made space here “realizing that there was no [other] place to bury these individuals -- and they were for the most part very young men,” according to Dell’Osso. Claussen himself is buried here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claussen’s gift doesn’t attract too much attention these days, and it’s often mistakenly attributed to his own father, Hinrik, who by then had been dead for several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659320\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Dell'Osso, National Park Service chief interpretation officer, in front of Point Reyes' Historic Life-Saving Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Claussen's motives for donating this land on his own family’s burial plot, a place he’d already buried his father and his wife, it’s generally assumed he felt a sense of duty to fellow immigrants -- the community’s young local heroes with no real family in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a tribute to him in the \u003cem>Marin Journal\u003c/em>, written by a friend in 1915 just after his death, may offer a little further insight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it we learn that Claussen himself had been a sailor, from the age of 15 -- that it was men like him that the surfmen sacrificed their lives to rescue. He was also no stranger to the terror of life-saving, having assisted in the rescue effort when a British ship called the \u003cem>Warrior Queen\u003c/em> ran aground in Point Reyes back in 1874.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659316\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign off the highway points to the knoll of trees that hides the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The tribute also makes clear how tight-knit the Scandinavian community at Point Reyes was in those days, asserting that “all the Scandinavians on Point Reyes called him not Captain but 'Papa Claussen.' They came to him for advice, sympathy, and comfort, which he never denied them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So perhaps the four immigrant surfmen weren’t just courageous strangers to Claussen. These young men may have been his friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps it’s right that a place as hidden, and still as this, keeps a few secrets yet.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A tiny hidden cemetery reveals the brutal realities of saving shipwrecked sailors in the 19th century.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1523066330,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1607},"headData":{"title":"'You Don’t Have to Come Back': Life and Death in the Waters of Point Reyes | KQED","description":"A tiny hidden cemetery reveals the brutal realities of saving shipwrecked sailors in the 19th century.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11659308 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11659308","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/04/06/you-dont-have-to-come-back-life-and-death-in-the-waters-of-point-reyes/","disqusTitle":"'You Don’t Have to Come Back': Life and Death in the Waters of Point Reyes","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/04/SevernPointReyes.mp3","path":"/news/11659308/you-dont-have-to-come-back-life-and-death-in-the-waters-of-point-reyes","audioDuration":554000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>“You have to go out, but you don’t have to come back” -- motto attributed to the Life Saving Service, 19th century\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The words “California coast” conjure a certain image -- sun-drenched beaches, warm waters -- in the popular imagination. Point Reyes National Seashore, 50 miles north of San Francisco, does not fit that image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the foggiest, windiest places in North America, for hundreds of years this stretch of the Pacific Ocean has posed incredible danger to seafarers. And hidden away inland, just off the road to Point Reyes’ famous lighthouse, there’s a tiny burial ground that conveys the human cost of this rugged, treacherous coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659314 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30221_DSC_0965-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The graves of the four \"surfmen\" in Point Reyes at the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery is concealed within a knoll of cypress and eucalyptus trees, and most visitors drive right past it. Here, simple headstones mark the bodies of four young immigrants from Sweden, Finland and Germany. Known as “surfmen”, they were members of what was then called the Life Saving Service -- what we now know as the United States Coast Guard. All four lost their lives working in Point Reyes in the 1890s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the cemetery, you can just see the exact stretch of coastline on which those surfmen spent their last months at Point Reyes’ very first Life-Saving Station. This area is known as the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the most treacherous stretch of water out here,” says John Dell’Osso, who has worked in Point Reyes for the National Park Service for 35 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659318 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30208_DSC_1071-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 12 mile stretch of coastline known as the Great Beach, where Point Reyes' first-ever Life-Saving Station was built \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes stretches out 10 miles from the mainland into the Pacific Ocean, resulting in its infamous high coastal winds and thick shrouding fogs. Even the logbooks of Sir Francis Drake’s ship in 1579 complain of \"the stinking fogges\" here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where the first recorded shipwreck on the West Coast occurred: a Spanish galleon, torn on the rocks in 1595. Until the lighthouse was built in 1870, sailors on these waters making the turn into San Francisco Bay had no warning of the jagged land they were about to strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service says that before the Life-Saving Station was built around 1890, the beaches were littered with shipwrecks -- that residents often had to watch as those passengers and crew drowned in the waters in front of them. They couldn’t go in because in a place like Point Reyes, the surf is the thing that will kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659483\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659483 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-160x99.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-800x496.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1020x632.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-1180x731.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-960x595.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-240x149.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-375x232.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30223_surfmen-in-front-of-life-saving-stn-qut-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Point Reyes Life-Saving Station (1889-1927) at which the four surfmen would have served, \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We don’t know a lot about the young men lying in the cemetery, but we know how dangerous, punishing and isolating their work was in the Life Saving Service. At the Point Reyes Lighthouse, says Dell’Osso, winds “have been clocked at 133 miles per hour. We close the [visitor] stairs at 40 miles per hour because you can barely stand in that condition.” Regardless, he says, “if there was a rescue to be done, these individuals did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were no motorized boats, or radios, or powerful searchlights like the Coast Guard has today. These men were dragging their small lifeboats across the hard sand, through mounds of driftwood, and rowing out to shipwrecks by hand, in swells that could reach as high as 12 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you've ever seen some of the stormy conditions in the Point Reyes Seashore when we have pounding surf coming in,” says Dell’Osso, \"it's frightening to think that they did that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1261\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1020x670.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-1180x775.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-960x631.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-375x246.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30226_Launching-lifeboat-7930-qut-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfboat launch at Drakes Bay in Point Reyes, circa 1900 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Often, when the waves prevented the surfmen’s rowboat from reaching a sinking ship, they would have to rescue the passengers one by one using a “breeches buoy”: a pair of thick, wide pants sewn into a life-ring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was into this that an exhausted, freezing, wet survivor would slide their legs and be hauled over to safety, high above the raging waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30203_DSC_1049-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original \"breeches buoy\" in the Point Reyes Lifeboat Station at Chimney Rock \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When they weren’t making rescues, these men were relentlessly training -- ready to launch themselves into the ocean at a moment’s notice. So dangerous was their work that the four surfmen lying in the cemetery didn’t even die making a rescue, but in training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fred Carstens, of Germany, and Andrew Anderson, a Swede, died on a freezing December morning in 1890, as they were pulling their training boat back onto shore. According to the station’s logbooks, a huge breaker rose and overturned the vessel onto them, inflicting massive internal injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The account of the accident in the \u003cem>Sausalito News\u003c/em> relates how Anderson in particular was dragged from the surf “insensible, with the blood pouring from his mouth.” Both men died within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659497\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659497\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1123\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-160x94.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-800x468.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1020x597.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-1180x690.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-960x562.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-240x140.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-375x219.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30227_14970-Samoa-shipwreck-large-200-dpi-qut-520x304.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A \"breeches buoy' rescue, circa 1912 \u003ccite>(Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over two years later, the second Swede, George Larson, died in the same spot, in exactly the same way. Yet their Finnish crewmate, John Korpala, wasn’t anywhere near a boat when he died in 1891. After hours patrolling the freezing wet beach, he went to bed with chills and never woke up. The coroner’s verdict was a hemorrhage in his lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they were kind of a different breed of individuals,” says Dell’Osso. “So I'm not sure if they were frightened, or they were, like, gung-ho to go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, he says, their story is one “about lives of sacrifice and service. And that's that's exactly what they did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659494 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1094\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-160x91.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-800x456.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1020x581.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-1180x672.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-960x547.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-240x137.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-375x214.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30225_Surfmen-qut-520x296.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Life-Saving team at Point Reyes, date unknown \u003ccite>(National Maritime Museum, San Francisco/Point Reyes National Seashore Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the turn of the century, the Lifesaving Service was combined with the United States Revenue Cutter Service to form the Coast Guard we know today. In 1927, the station was moved to Chimney Rock, away from the deadly surf of the Great Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Lifeboat Station still stands today, complete with pier and “marine railway” tracks used to launch the agency’s new motorized lifeboats. Although it demonstrates just a few decades' technological advancement, this newer building is a world away from the hand-dragged rowboats commanded by the earlier surfmen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, only the tiny cemetery a few miles away bears witness to the life and work of those first rescuers. Yet the reason that the four surfmen are buried here, of all places, lies a little further up that hill in the form of \u003cem>more\u003c/em> headstones -- all belonging to a local Swedish family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659323\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30207_DSC_1074-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Driftwood on the Great Beach of Point Reyes. On foggy days like this, visibility is minimal. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back when the surfmen died, the land belonged to a dairy rancher called Peter Henry Claussen. This is the Claussen family graveyard, on the historic G Ranch, and he made space here “realizing that there was no [other] place to bury these individuals -- and they were for the most part very young men,” according to Dell’Osso. Claussen himself is buried here, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claussen’s gift doesn’t attract too much attention these days, and it’s often mistakenly attributed to his own father, Hinrik, who by then had been dead for several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659320\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11659320 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30218_DSC_0986-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Dell'Osso, National Park Service chief interpretation officer, in front of Point Reyes' Historic Life-Saving Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Claussen's motives for donating this land on his own family’s burial plot, a place he’d already buried his father and his wife, it’s generally assumed he felt a sense of duty to fellow immigrants -- the community’s young local heroes with no real family in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a tribute to him in the \u003cem>Marin Journal\u003c/em>, written by a friend in 1915 just after his death, may offer a little further insight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it we learn that Claussen himself had been a sailor, from the age of 15 -- that it was men like him that the surfmen sacrificed their lives to rescue. He was also no stranger to the terror of life-saving, having assisted in the rescue effort when a British ship called the \u003cem>Warrior Queen\u003c/em> ran aground in Point Reyes back in 1874.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11659316\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30219_DSC_0982-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign off the highway points to the knoll of trees that hides the Historic Life-Saving Station Cemetery \u003ccite>(Carly Severn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The tribute also makes clear how tight-knit the Scandinavian community at Point Reyes was in those days, asserting that “all the Scandinavians on Point Reyes called him not Captain but 'Papa Claussen.' They came to him for advice, sympathy, and comfort, which he never denied them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So perhaps the four immigrant surfmen weren’t just courageous strangers to Claussen. These young men may have been his friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But perhaps it’s right that a place as hidden, and still as this, keeps a few secrets yet.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11659308/you-dont-have-to-come-back-life-and-death-in-the-waters-of-point-reyes","authors":["3243"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_22926","news_20397","news_21880","news_19542","news_22924","news_3286","news_3287","news_5467","news_21131","news_22923"],"featImg":"news_11659531","label":"news_72"},"news_10861539":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10861539","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10861539","score":null,"sort":[1455293150000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"lawsuit-challenges-cattle-ranches-at-point-reyes-national-seashore","title":"Lawsuit Challenges Cattle Ranches at Point Reyes National Seashore","publishDate":1455293150,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The ranches that have long been a part of the landscape at Point Reyes National Seashore are now the target of a lawsuit that argues the cattle operations are causing serious environmental damage and that federal officials aren't doing enough to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a question that comes down to whether we should have farming and agriculture in national parks,\" said Paul Rogers, KQED's managing editor of Science, who wrote about the lawsuit in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_29504013/point-reyes-lawsuit-challenges-historic-ranching-operations-at\"> San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/246629323&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three environmental groups -- Mill Valley's \u003ca href=\"http://www.rri.org/index.php\" target=\"_blank\">Resource Renewal Institute\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernwatersheds.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Western Watersheds Project\u003c/a> -- are challenging a National Park Service plan to grant 20-year leases to Point Reyes ranches without first studying their impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the lawsuit filed in U.S. District Court\u003ca href=\"#pointreyeslawsuit\"> in San Francisco, the groups say National Park Service documents show that ranching operations are having adverse effects, including impairing resources like water quality, wildlife and recreational uses.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ranchers argue that they are an important part of Point Reyes history, with some families having worked on the peninsula since the 1860s. They point out that when the national seashore was established in 1962, there was an alliance between the ranching families and environmentalists who sought to prevent development in the area. Now that alliance seems to be over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A National Park Service representative expressed support for continued ranching on Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ranching is here to stay at Point Reyes National Seashore,\" Melanie Gunn, a spokeswoman for the park, told Rogers. \"It's an important part of our history and an active part of the seashore. The seashore wouldn't be here if it wasn't for the ranchers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"pointreyeslawsuit\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/299090141/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-nLpoyzuTMsVfDQgm53jJ&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_19667\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Suit charges National Park Service has failed to adequately assess the environmental harm done by historic cattle operations at seashore.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1455322810,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":284},"headData":{"title":"Lawsuit Challenges Cattle Ranches at Point Reyes National Seashore | KQED","description":"Suit charges National Park Service has failed to adequately assess the environmental harm done by historic cattle operations at seashore.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10861539 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10861539","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/12/lawsuit-challenges-cattle-ranches-at-point-reyes-national-seashore/","disqusTitle":"Lawsuit Challenges Cattle Ranches at Point Reyes National Seashore","path":"/news/10861539/lawsuit-challenges-cattle-ranches-at-point-reyes-national-seashore","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The ranches that have long been a part of the landscape at Point Reyes National Seashore are now the target of a lawsuit that argues the cattle operations are causing serious environmental damage and that federal officials aren't doing enough to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a question that comes down to whether we should have farming and agriculture in national parks,\" said Paul Rogers, KQED's managing editor of Science, who wrote about the lawsuit in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_29504013/point-reyes-lawsuit-challenges-historic-ranching-operations-at\"> San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/246629323&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three environmental groups -- Mill Valley's \u003ca href=\"http://www.rri.org/index.php\" target=\"_blank\">Resource Renewal Institute\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.westernwatersheds.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Western Watersheds Project\u003c/a> -- are challenging a National Park Service plan to grant 20-year leases to Point Reyes ranches without first studying their impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the lawsuit filed in U.S. District Court\u003ca href=\"#pointreyeslawsuit\"> in San Francisco, the groups say National Park Service documents show that ranching operations are having adverse effects, including impairing resources like water quality, wildlife and recreational uses.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ranchers argue that they are an important part of Point Reyes history, with some families having worked on the peninsula since the 1860s. They point out that when the national seashore was established in 1962, there was an alliance between the ranching families and environmentalists who sought to prevent development in the area. Now that alliance seems to be over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A National Park Service representative expressed support for continued ranching on Point Reyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ranching is here to stay at Point Reyes National Seashore,\" Melanie Gunn, a spokeswoman for the park, told Rogers. \"It's an important part of our history and an active part of the seashore. The seashore wouldn't be here if it wasn't for the ranchers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"pointreyeslawsuit\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/299090141/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-nLpoyzuTMsVfDQgm53jJ&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_19667\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10861539/lawsuit-challenges-cattle-ranches-at-point-reyes-national-seashore","authors":["7240"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_3287"],"featImg":"news_10861671","label":"news_6944"},"news_10342641":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10342641","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10342641","score":null,"sort":[1412629951000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"national-park-service-drakes-bay-oyster-co-announce-exit-agreement","title":"National Park Service, Drakes Bay Oyster Co. Announce Exit Agreement","publishDate":1412629951,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>After nearly a decade of negotiations, scientific studies, congressional intervention and protracted legal skirmishing, the National Park Service and Drakes Bay Oyster Co. announced Monday they've reached agreement on terms for the firm's final exit from Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the deal announced by both sides -- formally, a proposed consent decree (\u003ca href=\"#drakesbaydecree\">embedded below\u003c/a>) that still needs federal court approval -- Drakes Bay will be allowed to continue harvesting shellfish from the national park's Drakes Estero through Dec. 31. After losing its final legal round in June, when \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/30/supreme-court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-appeal/\" target=\"_blank\">the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear its case\u003c/a>, the company had expressed concern about the large number of salable oysters it might have to dump if forced to shut down immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/05/video-last-day-at-drakes-bay-oyster-companys-retail-business/\" target=\"_blank\">shut down retail operations at the oyster farm\u003c/a> at the end of July. It has continued to sell to wholesalers while owner Kevin Lunny and his attorneys negotiated with the park service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's agreement also addresses the contentious issue of how and when the oyster company's infrastructure, including miles of \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=creosote\" target=\"_blank\">creosote\u003c/a>-coated wooden racks, will be removed from the estero. Drakes Bay has agreed to work with park officials to identify all of its unused racks and other equipment and allow it to be removed immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the agreement also includes a promise by the National Park Service to help Drakes Bay workers relocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyster farming at Drakes Estero began more than a century ago, long before the establishment of Point Reyes National Seashore by laws passed in the 1960s and '70s. In 1972, the federal government granted the shellfish operation, then known as Johnson's Oyster Farm, a 40-year lease. In 2004, Lunny and his family took over the lease from the Johnsons, cleaned up and improved the operation and began a campaign to extend the lease. The National Park Service declined to do so, leading to passage of legislation by Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-California, that would allow the secretary of the Interior to extend the lease. After extensive (and disputed) environmental studies, Interior Secretary Ken Salazar decided to let the lease end on schedule in late 2012. The Lunnys challenged that decision in court and lost both at the district level and the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals before the Supreme Court refused to hear the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate press release issued Monday, the Lunny family announced that it intends to open a new restaurant and oyster operation on nearby Tomales Bay, already the home of several successful oyster farms. From the statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“This new venture will allow us to continue to provide jobs for many of our oyster workers while supporting other small family farms and fishermen in West Marin County,” said Kevin Lunny. “We are delighted that we will be able to continue to offer bags of oysters to our cherished Drakes Bay retail customers. And we are very excited about the opportunity to serve oysters and other fabulous local food at this stunning location on the water, with dining and decks overlooking beautiful Tomales Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomales Bay Resort owner Jeff Harriman said “I am thrilled to have the Lunnys bring the restaurant component to our 5 acre, 35 room Resort and Marina.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here's the announced agreement between the National Park Service and Drakes Bay:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"drakesbaydecree\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/242103670/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_13770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Proposed consent decree would allow company to keep harvesting and selling oysters until New Year's Eve. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1412635425,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":562},"headData":{"title":"National Park Service, Drakes Bay Oyster Co. Announce Exit Agreement | KQED","description":"Proposed consent decree would allow company to keep harvesting and selling oysters until New Year's Eve. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10342641 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10342641","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/10/06/national-park-service-drakes-bay-oyster-co-announce-exit-agreement/","disqusTitle":"National Park Service, Drakes Bay Oyster Co. Announce Exit Agreement","customPermalink":"2014/10/06/point-reyes-national-seashore-agreement-drakes-bay-oyster-company/","path":"/news/10342641/national-park-service-drakes-bay-oyster-co-announce-exit-agreement","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After nearly a decade of negotiations, scientific studies, congressional intervention and protracted legal skirmishing, the National Park Service and Drakes Bay Oyster Co. announced Monday they've reached agreement on terms for the firm's final exit from Point Reyes National Seashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the deal announced by both sides -- formally, a proposed consent decree (\u003ca href=\"#drakesbaydecree\">embedded below\u003c/a>) that still needs federal court approval -- Drakes Bay will be allowed to continue harvesting shellfish from the national park's Drakes Estero through Dec. 31. After losing its final legal round in June, when \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/30/supreme-court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-appeal/\" target=\"_blank\">the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear its case\u003c/a>, the company had expressed concern about the large number of salable oysters it might have to dump if forced to shut down immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/08/05/video-last-day-at-drakes-bay-oyster-companys-retail-business/\" target=\"_blank\">shut down retail operations at the oyster farm\u003c/a> at the end of July. It has continued to sell to wholesalers while owner Kevin Lunny and his attorneys negotiated with the park service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's agreement also addresses the contentious issue of how and when the oyster company's infrastructure, including miles of \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=creosote\" target=\"_blank\">creosote\u003c/a>-coated wooden racks, will be removed from the estero. Drakes Bay has agreed to work with park officials to identify all of its unused racks and other equipment and allow it to be removed immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the agreement also includes a promise by the National Park Service to help Drakes Bay workers relocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyster farming at Drakes Estero began more than a century ago, long before the establishment of Point Reyes National Seashore by laws passed in the 1960s and '70s. In 1972, the federal government granted the shellfish operation, then known as Johnson's Oyster Farm, a 40-year lease. In 2004, Lunny and his family took over the lease from the Johnsons, cleaned up and improved the operation and began a campaign to extend the lease. The National Park Service declined to do so, leading to passage of legislation by Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-California, that would allow the secretary of the Interior to extend the lease. After extensive (and disputed) environmental studies, Interior Secretary Ken Salazar decided to let the lease end on schedule in late 2012. The Lunnys challenged that decision in court and lost both at the district level and the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals before the Supreme Court refused to hear the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate press release issued Monday, the Lunny family announced that it intends to open a new restaurant and oyster operation on nearby Tomales Bay, already the home of several successful oyster farms. From the statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“This new venture will allow us to continue to provide jobs for many of our oyster workers while supporting other small family farms and fishermen in West Marin County,” said Kevin Lunny. “We are delighted that we will be able to continue to offer bags of oysters to our cherished Drakes Bay retail customers. And we are very excited about the opportunity to serve oysters and other fabulous local food at this stunning location on the water, with dining and decks overlooking beautiful Tomales Bay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomales Bay Resort owner Jeff Harriman said “I am thrilled to have the Lunnys bring the restaurant component to our 5 acre, 35 room Resort and Marina.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Here's the announced agreement between the National Park Service and Drakes Bay:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"drakesbaydecree\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/242103670/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_13770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10342641/national-park-service-drakes-bay-oyster-co-announce-exit-agreement","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_3548","news_3287"],"featImg":"news_10342645","label":"news_72"},"news_141232":{"type":"posts","id":"news_141232","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"141232","score":null,"sort":[1404836120000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"government-pursue-prompt-wind-down-of-drakes-bay-oyster-co","title":"Feds Pursue 'Prompt Wind-Down' of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. ","publishDate":1404836120,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/RS6542_74434182-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/RS6542_74434182-lpr-640x434.jpg\" alt=\"Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay at Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"434\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-141310\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay at Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Tuesday 9:15 a.m.: \u003c/strong>A Monday federal court hearing didn't shed any new light on exactly when the Drakes Bay Oyster Co. will close, but lawyers for both the government and the Point Reyes oyster farm confirm they're in discussions. The two sides told U.S. District Court Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers during a case management hearing that they're in settlement discussions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one of the attorneys for Drakes Bay owner Kevin Lunny told the San Francisco Chronicle's Kevin Fagan that \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/End-may-be-near-for-Point-Reyes-oyster-farm-5605362.php\" target=\"_blank\">further legal action in the case is still possible\u003c/a>. Lunny is challenging a November 2012 government decision not to renew the oyster farm's lease at Point Reyes National Seashore. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not over until it's over,\" Bazel told Fagan. \"The litigation is still pending.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post:\u003c/strong> Federal government lawyers are expected to discuss a plan for \"the prompt and orderly wind-down\" of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. operations at Point Reyes National Seashore — marking the possible end of a decade-long regulatory and legal battle over the oyster farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyster company owner Kevin Lunny \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/30/supreme-court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-appeal/\" target=\"_blank\">lost his apparent last-ditch appeal\u003c/a> last week when the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear a challenge to orders from the Interior Department, backed up by lower court judges, to shut down his business on Drakes Estero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Interior Secretary Ken Salazar refused to renew Drakes Bay's lease in November 2012, citing a 1972 law that directed the National Park Service to restore the area to wilderness. Lunny purchased the farm in 2004 and had worked to persuade the park service that it should continue operating both for the sake of historical continuity and because its environmental impact was minimal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday afternoon, attorneys for the two sides are scheduled to meet in a case management conference with U.S. District Court Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, who upheld Salazar's eviction order in February 2013. Salazar's original directive, suspended during 18 months of court appeals, allowed Drakes Bay to continue operation for 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the Supreme Court's action last week, government lawyers said they'd send Lunny and his attorneys a letter \"asking that the parties enter into discussions concerning the prompt and orderly wind-down of the plaintiff's [Lunny's] operations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lunny's attorneys have held out the possibility of pursuing further legal action, perhaps through an amended lawsuit challenging Salazar's 2012 order.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"After U.S. Supreme Court's refusal to hear oyster farm's appeal, attorneys discuss next steps in case.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1404839561,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":428},"headData":{"title":"Feds Pursue 'Prompt Wind-Down' of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. | KQED","description":"After U.S. Supreme Court's refusal to hear oyster farm's appeal, attorneys discuss next steps in case.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"141232 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=141232","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/08/government-pursue-prompt-wind-down-of-drakes-bay-oyster-co/","disqusTitle":"Feds Pursue 'Prompt Wind-Down' of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. ","customPermalink":"2014/07/07/drakes-bay-oyster-company-kevin-lunny-fights-closure-order/","path":"/news/141232/government-pursue-prompt-wind-down-of-drakes-bay-oyster-co","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_141310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/RS6542_74434182-lpr.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/07/RS6542_74434182-lpr-640x434.jpg\" alt=\"Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay at Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"434\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-141310\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay at Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Tuesday 9:15 a.m.: \u003c/strong>A Monday federal court hearing didn't shed any new light on exactly when the Drakes Bay Oyster Co. will close, but lawyers for both the government and the Point Reyes oyster farm confirm they're in discussions. The two sides told U.S. District Court Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers during a case management hearing that they're in settlement discussions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one of the attorneys for Drakes Bay owner Kevin Lunny told the San Francisco Chronicle's Kevin Fagan that \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/End-may-be-near-for-Point-Reyes-oyster-farm-5605362.php\" target=\"_blank\">further legal action in the case is still possible\u003c/a>. Lunny is challenging a November 2012 government decision not to renew the oyster farm's lease at Point Reyes National Seashore. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not over until it's over,\" Bazel told Fagan. \"The litigation is still pending.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post:\u003c/strong> Federal government lawyers are expected to discuss a plan for \"the prompt and orderly wind-down\" of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. operations at Point Reyes National Seashore — marking the possible end of a decade-long regulatory and legal battle over the oyster farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oyster company owner Kevin Lunny \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/30/supreme-court-rejects-drakes-bay-oyster-company-appeal/\" target=\"_blank\">lost his apparent last-ditch appeal\u003c/a> last week when the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear a challenge to orders from the Interior Department, backed up by lower court judges, to shut down his business on Drakes Estero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Interior Secretary Ken Salazar refused to renew Drakes Bay's lease in November 2012, citing a 1972 law that directed the National Park Service to restore the area to wilderness. Lunny purchased the farm in 2004 and had worked to persuade the park service that it should continue operating both for the sake of historical continuity and because its environmental impact was minimal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday afternoon, attorneys for the two sides are scheduled to meet in a case management conference with U.S. District Court Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, who upheld Salazar's eviction order in February 2013. Salazar's original directive, suspended during 18 months of court appeals, allowed Drakes Bay to continue operation for 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the Supreme Court's action last week, government lawyers said they'd send Lunny and his attorneys a letter \"asking that the parties enter into discussions concerning the prompt and orderly wind-down of the plaintiff's [Lunny's] operations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Lunny's attorneys have held out the possibility of pursuing further legal action, perhaps through an amended lawsuit challenging Salazar's 2012 order.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/141232/government-pursue-prompt-wind-down-of-drakes-bay-oyster-co","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_356"],"tags":["news_3548","news_3287"],"featImg":"news_141310","label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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