Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License
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Follow her on Twitter @ByRebeccaBowe.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50e1da0639521639108e89c123a76c9c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Rebecca Bowe | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50e1da0639521639108e89c123a76c9c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/50e1da0639521639108e89c123a76c9c?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rbowe"},"markfiore":{"type":"authors","id":"3236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3236","found":true},"name":"Mark Fiore","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Fiore","slug":"markfiore","email":"mark@markfiore.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED News Cartoonist","bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11725622":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11725622","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11725622","score":null,"sort":[1550217669000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","title":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License","publishDate":1550217669,"format":"image","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California regulators say a New Jersey telecommunications company tasked with installing fiber optic cables in San Francisco's Inner Richmond neighborhood — a job linked to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">natural gas pipeline explosion\u003c/a> last week — did not have a state contractor's license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advanced Fiber Works, a subcontractor on the project, specializes in fiber optics construction and activation. However, it does not have a license in California and there's no record that it has applied for one, according Rick Lopes, a spokesman for the Contractors State License Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was granted a \u003ca href=\"https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=04233536-25545873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business license\u003c/a> by the California Secretary of State's office on Jan. 29. Verizon's permit from San Francisco Public Works indicated the Geary Boulevard project was to begin on that date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several days later Advanced Fiber Works notified merchants and residents in the area that it was preparing to do work at the site and that they should get ready for noise and other disruptions from the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please be advised that we will be starting some excavation work in the road outside your building. We are installing fiber optic conduit,\" states the flier written with Advanced Fiber Works letterhead but with the contact information for another subcontractor on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the people who received those notices had to evacuate from their stores and homes on Feb. 6, when crews dug into a four-inch PG&E pipeline at Geary Boulevard and Parker Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly flammable gas burst from the rupture, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">caught fire\u003c/a> and sent a column of flames soaring 50 feet into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-alarm blaze burned for more than two hours as PG&E crews struggled to cut off the flow of gas at the site. The fire gutted a restaurant, damaged several other buildings and prompted investigations by the National Transportation Safety Board, the California Public Utilities Commission, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health and the San Francisco Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisors Catherine Stefani and Sandra Lee Fewer called for a hearing to review the incident and asked that representatives of several agencies speak before the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to ensure that contractors conducting work on our streets maintain the highest standards and meet all safety requirements at the federal, state and local level,\" Stefani said before the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11724415\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg 5395w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1200x787.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1920x1260.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5395px) 100vw, 5395px\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10829492/s-f-officials-upheld-in-firing-of-construction-firm-involved-in-gas-line-breaks\">S.F. Officials Upheld in Firing of Construction Firm Involved in Gas Line Breaks\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors\">State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Part of the investigations into the explosion will be aimed at determining the plans and delegation of work for the fiber optic installation that spanned six blocks of Geary between Parker Avenue and Emerson Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project involved several companies in four states. Telecommunications giant Verizon applied for and received a permit from the city for the installation. Verizon then hired MasTec, a Florida infrastructure engineering firm, as its main contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MasTec, in turn, contracted with Advanced Fiber Works, which hired a recently created San Francisco company — Kilford Engineering — for part of the construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Advanced Fiber Works disputed the idea that it was doing physical work on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The work being performed at the job-site had been subcontracted to Kilford Engineering, a state- and city-licensed contractor with many years of experience in underground cable installation. AFW had no employees on site at the time of the incident nor was it performing any physical work associated with the project. At no point was AFW responsible for assigning or providing employees to the job site,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Weiner, a representative for Advanced Fiber Works, said the project was the first the two firms had worked together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weiner did not answer repeated questions about what actual work AFW was tasked with on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11724205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11724205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/IMG_1599-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Raquel Maria Dillon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An employee for Kilford Engineering was driving the excavator that struck the underground natural gas pipeline that ruptured, according to Frank Polizzi, a spokesman for Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polizzi said Kilford was hired to dig a trench, install conduit and seal up the excavation. AFW was supposed to eventually snake cables through the conduit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA is currently investigating Kilford Engineering in connection with the explosion — not the other firms involved in the work, Polizzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kilford Engineering, which obtained its state business and contractors licenses late last year, issued a statement through a communications firm in Cleveland, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is important to note that no cause of the fire has been established and any speculation to the contrary undermines the integrity of this investigation, which must be given time to reveal answers as to what occurred,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopes, the spokesman for the contractors board, said if AFW was involved in physically installing communication lines, the contractor would be in violation of state regulations requiring a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cslb.ca.gov/About_Us/Library/Licensing_Classifications/C-7_-_Low_Voltage_Systems_Contractor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C-7\u003c/a> license to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verizon has not answered questions about the incident since it issued a statement hours after the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for MasTec has not answered questions about the role AFW played on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, NTSB investigators have focused on PG&E's actions. Last Friday, officials with the federal agency said they were trying to find out how long it took PG&E to shut off the gas after the line was broken. Federal investigators planned to secure several feet of the ruptured pipeline and possibly send it to a lab for more analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokeswoman declined to name the contractor that contacted the utility to determine where gas lines were in the area. PG&E has said that it marked the location of the lines before work began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Weiss, a spokesman for the NTSB, said the agency expects to release a preliminary report on the case in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Four government agencies are investigating last week’s pipeline rupture and fire in the city’s Inner Richmond neighborhood.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1567033893,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1014},"headData":{"title":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License | KQED","description":"Four government agencies are investigating last week’s pipeline rupture and fire in the city’s Inner Richmond neighborhood.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11725622 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11725622","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/15/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license/","disqusTitle":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License","path":"/news/11725622/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California regulators say a New Jersey telecommunications company tasked with installing fiber optic cables in San Francisco's Inner Richmond neighborhood — a job linked to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">natural gas pipeline explosion\u003c/a> last week — did not have a state contractor's license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advanced Fiber Works, a subcontractor on the project, specializes in fiber optics construction and activation. However, it does not have a license in California and there's no record that it has applied for one, according Rick Lopes, a spokesman for the Contractors State License Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was granted a \u003ca href=\"https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=04233536-25545873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business license\u003c/a> by the California Secretary of State's office on Jan. 29. Verizon's permit from San Francisco Public Works indicated the Geary Boulevard project was to begin on that date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several days later Advanced Fiber Works notified merchants and residents in the area that it was preparing to do work at the site and that they should get ready for noise and other disruptions from the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please be advised that we will be starting some excavation work in the road outside your building. We are installing fiber optic conduit,\" states the flier written with Advanced Fiber Works letterhead but with the contact information for another subcontractor on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the people who received those notices had to evacuate from their stores and homes on Feb. 6, when crews dug into a four-inch PG&E pipeline at Geary Boulevard and Parker Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly flammable gas burst from the rupture, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">caught fire\u003c/a> and sent a column of flames soaring 50 feet into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-alarm blaze burned for more than two hours as PG&E crews struggled to cut off the flow of gas at the site. The fire gutted a restaurant, damaged several other buildings and prompted investigations by the National Transportation Safety Board, the California Public Utilities Commission, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health and the San Francisco Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisors Catherine Stefani and Sandra Lee Fewer called for a hearing to review the incident and asked that representatives of several agencies speak before the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to ensure that contractors conducting work on our streets maintain the highest standards and meet all safety requirements at the federal, state and local level,\" Stefani said before the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11724415\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg 5395w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1200x787.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1920x1260.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5395px) 100vw, 5395px\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10829492/s-f-officials-upheld-in-firing-of-construction-firm-involved-in-gas-line-breaks\">S.F. Officials Upheld in Firing of Construction Firm Involved in Gas Line Breaks\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors\">State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Part of the investigations into the explosion will be aimed at determining the plans and delegation of work for the fiber optic installation that spanned six blocks of Geary between Parker Avenue and Emerson Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project involved several companies in four states. Telecommunications giant Verizon applied for and received a permit from the city for the installation. Verizon then hired MasTec, a Florida infrastructure engineering firm, as its main contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MasTec, in turn, contracted with Advanced Fiber Works, which hired a recently created San Francisco company — Kilford Engineering — for part of the construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Advanced Fiber Works disputed the idea that it was doing physical work on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The work being performed at the job-site had been subcontracted to Kilford Engineering, a state- and city-licensed contractor with many years of experience in underground cable installation. AFW had no employees on site at the time of the incident nor was it performing any physical work associated with the project. At no point was AFW responsible for assigning or providing employees to the job site,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Weiner, a representative for Advanced Fiber Works, said the project was the first the two firms had worked together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weiner did not answer repeated questions about what actual work AFW was tasked with on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11724205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11724205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/IMG_1599-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Raquel Maria Dillon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An employee for Kilford Engineering was driving the excavator that struck the underground natural gas pipeline that ruptured, according to Frank Polizzi, a spokesman for Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polizzi said Kilford was hired to dig a trench, install conduit and seal up the excavation. AFW was supposed to eventually snake cables through the conduit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA is currently investigating Kilford Engineering in connection with the explosion — not the other firms involved in the work, Polizzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kilford Engineering, which obtained its state business and contractors licenses late last year, issued a statement through a communications firm in Cleveland, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is important to note that no cause of the fire has been established and any speculation to the contrary undermines the integrity of this investigation, which must be given time to reveal answers as to what occurred,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopes, the spokesman for the contractors board, said if AFW was involved in physically installing communication lines, the contractor would be in violation of state regulations requiring a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cslb.ca.gov/About_Us/Library/Licensing_Classifications/C-7_-_Low_Voltage_Systems_Contractor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C-7\u003c/a> license to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verizon has not answered questions about the incident since it issued a statement hours after the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for MasTec has not answered questions about the role AFW played on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, NTSB investigators have focused on PG&E's actions. Last Friday, officials with the federal agency said they were trying to find out how long it took PG&E to shut off the gas after the line was broken. Federal investigators planned to secure several feet of the ruptured pipeline and possibly send it to a lab for more analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokeswoman declined to name the contractor that contacted the utility to determine where gas lines were in the area. PG&E has said that it marked the location of the lines before work began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Weiss, a spokesman for the NTSB, said the agency expects to release a preliminary report on the case in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11725622/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","authors":["258"],"categories":["news_19906","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_19542","news_19436","news_140","news_21393","news_950","news_38","news_1513"],"featImg":"news_11770841","label":"news"},"news_11610546":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11610546","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11610546","score":null,"sort":[1502218307000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"our-backyard-oil-spills","title":"Our Backyard Oil Spills","publishDate":1502218307,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ruptures in September 2015 and May 2016 spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons of crude oil. Be sure to check out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/\">Ted Goldberg's coverage of these oil spills\u003c/a> in the Bay Area's backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1502219665,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":74},"headData":{"title":"Our Backyard Oil Spills | KQED","description":"After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11610546 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11610546","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/08/our-backyard-oil-spills/","disqusTitle":"Our Backyard Oil Spills","path":"/news/11610546/our-backyard-oil-spills","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ruptures in September 2015 and May 2016 spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons of crude oil. Be sure to check out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/\">Ted Goldberg's coverage of these oil spills\u003c/a> in the Bay Area's backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11610546/our-backyard-oil-spills","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20150","news_20949","news_18125","news_21393","news_950"],"featImg":"news_11610547","label":"news_18515"},"news_11495013":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11495013","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11495013","score":null,"sort":[1502090150000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","publishDate":1502090150,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum from Central Valley oil fields to Bay Area refineries after an investigation into two ruptures in eastern Alameda County in 2015 and 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a series of strong recommendations from the Office of the State Fire Marshal's Pipeline Safety Division, a division of Cal Fire that oversees 6,500 miles of pipelines -- the first time the agency has pushed for a pipeline replacement.\u003cbr>\n[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/ShellOilLine.mp3\" image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/07/shellpipelinegp3.jpg\" title=\"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruptures took place on Shell's 177-mile-long San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the company's Martinez refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">May 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found both were caused by \"fatigue cracks\" that grew as pressure on the underground line fluctuated to deal with different grades of oil, according to documents obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two ruptures spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons on grassland near Interstate 580 and resulted in more than $6 million in damage, emergency response and cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610225\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 561px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11610225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg 561w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-160x220.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-240x330.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-375x516.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-520x716.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows the length of the Shell Oil pipeline. The break on May 20, 2016, occurred between Livermore and Tracy in East Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Cal Fire)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil from the first spill seeped 10 feet into the ground. Crude from the second incident was discovered as much as 20 feet beneath the surface, according to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. The water agency oversaw the cleanups, which involved removing nearly 16,000 tons of contaminated soil and dumping it in an Altamont Pass landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing an investigation into the 2016 spill, the fire marshal's office placed the pipeline on its list of higher-risk lines, requiring Shell to conduct more frequent inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell had inspected the failed sections of pipeline just months before they broke. The state last inspected the pipeline in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal is calling on the company to review all of its California pipelines that switch between different pressure levels to see if they need more frequent inspections. The state agency also wants to know whether the company can reduce the practice, known as \"pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's pipeline division also says it will review Shell's pipeline integrity management program this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics, Safety Advocates Call For Penalty Against Shell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and experts who reviewed the investigations into the breaks for KQED applauded the state for taking action but say regulators should have been more aggressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\">From the Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Click on the map above from the Center for Biological Diversity to see a map of the Shell Oil pipeline and nearby endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We don't think that what they're recommending goes far enough,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan noted the state fire marshal's office is calling for repairs along just a small portion of a pipeline that runs past several reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two breaks on the same pipeline in the same area, the state should slap Shell with a monetary penalty, he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it triggers one leak and then triggers another one, the company needs to be held responsible in a financial way for the damage that it caused,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a penalty would be warranted especially in this case where there's two failures on a pipe so close together,\" Weimer said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"6hATIqtIBApr69U4cQJyFoWGS9gZGjzm\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Mathisen, the state fire marshal, says regulators did not penalize Shell because the company did not violate any pipeline safety law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's Pipeline Safety Division last fined a pipeline operator -- a $78,000 civil penalty against Phillips 66 -- in March 2014, the agency says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Break Prompts Shell to Change Pipeline Inspections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September 2015 break, Shell conducted inspections using so-called \u003ca href=\"http://smartpigs.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smart pigs\u003c/a>, devices that travel inside pipelines while they're still operating, instead of \u003ca href=\"http://petrowiki.org/Hydrostatic_testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hydrostatic testing\u003c/a>, where a section of pipeline is shut down and tested for leaks and weakness with high-pressure water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they had done a hydrotest at that time instead of running these smart pigs they probably would have found this problem and prevented the 2016 failure,\" said Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs didn't work out very well in this instance,\" Weimer said. \"Hydrotests oftentimes will find these types of failures where these smart pigs won't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy crude the San Pablo Pipeline was transporting when it ruptured is similar to the tar sands oil the Keystone Pipeline is expected to transport, Weimer noted. That thickness could cause \"cyclic fatigue\" on other lines throughout California, he said, so the state should require all oil pipeline operators to conduct the hydrotesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs just aren't smart enough on some of these flaws,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month after the May 2016 oil spill, Shell says, it conducted hydrostatic testing on the pipeline -- the first of its kind on the line in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the two spills prompted the company to expand the range of problems it looks for when it inspects the San Pablo Pipeline and some of its other lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Details of Investigation Into Second Oil Spill\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents obtained by KQED give a vivid picture of how the second pipeline spill unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after midnight on May 20, 2016, Shell's pipeline control center in Houston, Texas, detected a drop in operating pressure on the pipeline near West Patterson Pass Road and Interstate 580. At the time, it was pumping more than 6,000 barrels of heavy crude per hour, state officials said. The company says it immediately shut down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later the company \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/488e4a35e60e506e88257fb900336731?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified \u003c/a>the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, several local agencies were called in to respond, and a cleanup effort began that would last for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20, 2016, pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, a federal regulator wanted answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please provide a report on this event when possible,\" wrote Peter Katchmar, an accident coordinator at the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) in an email to the state fire marshal's office four hours after the rupture took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 24-inch pipeline released 500 barrels of oil from a break that measured 45 by 4.5 inches, according to state investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it did for the September 2015 break, Shell hired the risk management firm, Det Norske Veritas (DNV), to investigate the May 2016 spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2015 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>DNV and Shell say the rupture was due to a \"fatigue crack\" that grew over time. The oil company also says that smart pig, or in-line, tests conducted on the pipeline before the break were incorrectly reported to Shell officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says that incorrect information led them to increase pressure on the line three days before it ruptured. The oil giant blames a firm it hired to do the in-line inspections on the heels of the first break, the Rosen Group, for failing to identify and report the fatigue crack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the ... surveys confirming the absence of any actionable defects, the recommendation was made ... to remove the operating pressure reductions,\" Shell said in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Rosen declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the inline inspection company's mistakes that may have led to the pipeline break, Shell continues to use Rosen for in-line inspections, company spokesman Ray Fisher said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the first break, DNV said small pits of corrosion, along with the line's frequent changes in pressure due to the different grades of oil it carries, contributed to the rupture. The firm added that the crack could have developed when the pipe was transported to the West Coast 35 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report Shell said it wants to improve detecting cracks along its pipelines and take a closer look at its pipes that undergo aggressive pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There needs to be corporate awareness for what pressure cycling does to the pipelines,\" Shell's review said. \"This action needs to lead to more discipline and visibility of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10974518\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20, 2016, Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fisher says crude that the pipeline brings from the Central Valley to refineries in the Bay Area \"varies in viscosity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Customer demands frequently dictate varying pressure loads on the pipeline,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has taken measures to reduce pressure cycling on the pipeline that broke as well as others in its network, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State's Reliance on Private Industry to Police Itself\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, KQED reported the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state relied heavily on Shell\u003c/a> to investigate the September 2015 break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the state's probe into the second spill -- the state's findings mirror the company's conclusions -- was basically another regurgitation of the oil giant's own review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan, of the Center for Biological Diversity, says that shows the state fire marshal isn't up to the job of overseeing pipeline safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we are letting companies police their own pipelines, we cannot be sure that they're doing a good job,\" Sullivan said. \"This operator is operating a very dangerous pipeline and they do not seem to have a system in place to prevent these kinds of leaks. I don't think Cal Fire's report and recommendations really changes that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan says Cal Fire does not have enough engineers to police the hundreds of pipelines it's responsible for watching over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's impossible for them to do the kind of rigorous oversight that they should be doing,\" he said, adding that the agency needs more resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they continue to take the kind of lax approach with enforcement that we've seen certainly with these two incidents, I think it's worth considering if there is another agency that could do this better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, the pipeline safety division had just a handful of inspectors and engineers. A top official with the agency said then that it had been working with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">minimum staff for several years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state's new fire marshal says that's changing significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been able to bolster our pipeline safety resources significantly,\" said Mathisen in an interview. \"We've more than doubled our engineers on staff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the San Pablo Bay Pipeline broke, the agency had five engineers who oversaw 752 intrastate pipelines, according to Mathisen. The division conducted an average of nine investigations a year for the last five years, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, now the agency has 13 engineers and supervisors and there are plans to hire 13 more, Upton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mathisen says he wants his agency to take a more active role in pipeline break investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in staff came as a result of legislation in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/21/crews-struggle-to-clean-up-oil-spill-near-santa-barbara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Refugio oil spill\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara County that mandated more pipeline inspections and required the oil industry to put in place better leak detection systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are gaining the resources to keep up,\" Mathisen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators recently ordered another change: Companies hired by the oil industry to inspect pipelines are now required to send the results of those tests to the fire marshal's office before they are sent to the line operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shell Works to Replace Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company recently began the process of replacing three sections of pipeline totaling 12.5 miles, company spokesman Fisher said. Each of those sections -- one near Tracy, one near the Stanislaus-Merced county line, and one near Coalinga -- involves pipeline that was manufactured in 1982 and then stored outside for six years before being shipped to California and installed as part of an existing pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell is choosing to replace the 1982 Columbia pipe sections with newly fabricated pipe out of an abundance of caution, despite the existing pipeline having been repaired and passing subsequent hydrotests,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it expects to complete construction of the new pipeline sections by 2019, he said. The company plans to shut down the line for several days when it's installed, a move that has to be worked out with the refinery companies the pipeline serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell is not disclosing the cost of the project.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Two pipeline ruptures occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and May 2016.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1502146699,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":74,"wordCount":2224},"headData":{"title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline | KQED","description":"Two pipeline ruptures occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and May 2016.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11495013 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11495013","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/","disqusTitle":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","path":"/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum from Central Valley oil fields to Bay Area refineries after an investigation into two ruptures in eastern Alameda County in 2015 and 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a series of strong recommendations from the Office of the State Fire Marshal's Pipeline Safety Division, a division of Cal Fire that oversees 6,500 miles of pipelines -- the first time the agency has pushed for a pipeline replacement.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/ShellOilLine.mp3","image":"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/07/shellpipelinegp3.jpg","title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruptures took place on Shell's 177-mile-long San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the company's Martinez refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">May 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found both were caused by \"fatigue cracks\" that grew as pressure on the underground line fluctuated to deal with different grades of oil, according to documents obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two ruptures spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons on grassland near Interstate 580 and resulted in more than $6 million in damage, emergency response and cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610225\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 561px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11610225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg 561w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-160x220.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-240x330.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-375x516.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-520x716.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows the length of the Shell Oil pipeline. The break on May 20, 2016, occurred between Livermore and Tracy in East Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Cal Fire)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil from the first spill seeped 10 feet into the ground. Crude from the second incident was discovered as much as 20 feet beneath the surface, according to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. The water agency oversaw the cleanups, which involved removing nearly 16,000 tons of contaminated soil and dumping it in an Altamont Pass landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing an investigation into the 2016 spill, the fire marshal's office placed the pipeline on its list of higher-risk lines, requiring Shell to conduct more frequent inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell had inspected the failed sections of pipeline just months before they broke. The state last inspected the pipeline in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal is calling on the company to review all of its California pipelines that switch between different pressure levels to see if they need more frequent inspections. The state agency also wants to know whether the company can reduce the practice, known as \"pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's pipeline division also says it will review Shell's pipeline integrity management program this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics, Safety Advocates Call For Penalty Against Shell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and experts who reviewed the investigations into the breaks for KQED applauded the state for taking action but say regulators should have been more aggressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\">From the Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Click on the map above from the Center for Biological Diversity to see a map of the Shell Oil pipeline and nearby endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We don't think that what they're recommending goes far enough,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan noted the state fire marshal's office is calling for repairs along just a small portion of a pipeline that runs past several reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two breaks on the same pipeline in the same area, the state should slap Shell with a monetary penalty, he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it triggers one leak and then triggers another one, the company needs to be held responsible in a financial way for the damage that it caused,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a penalty would be warranted especially in this case where there's two failures on a pipe so close together,\" Weimer said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Mathisen, the state fire marshal, says regulators did not penalize Shell because the company did not violate any pipeline safety law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's Pipeline Safety Division last fined a pipeline operator -- a $78,000 civil penalty against Phillips 66 -- in March 2014, the agency says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Break Prompts Shell to Change Pipeline Inspections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September 2015 break, Shell conducted inspections using so-called \u003ca href=\"http://smartpigs.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smart pigs\u003c/a>, devices that travel inside pipelines while they're still operating, instead of \u003ca href=\"http://petrowiki.org/Hydrostatic_testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hydrostatic testing\u003c/a>, where a section of pipeline is shut down and tested for leaks and weakness with high-pressure water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they had done a hydrotest at that time instead of running these smart pigs they probably would have found this problem and prevented the 2016 failure,\" said Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs didn't work out very well in this instance,\" Weimer said. \"Hydrotests oftentimes will find these types of failures where these smart pigs won't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy crude the San Pablo Pipeline was transporting when it ruptured is similar to the tar sands oil the Keystone Pipeline is expected to transport, Weimer noted. That thickness could cause \"cyclic fatigue\" on other lines throughout California, he said, so the state should require all oil pipeline operators to conduct the hydrotesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs just aren't smart enough on some of these flaws,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month after the May 2016 oil spill, Shell says, it conducted hydrostatic testing on the pipeline -- the first of its kind on the line in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the two spills prompted the company to expand the range of problems it looks for when it inspects the San Pablo Pipeline and some of its other lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Details of Investigation Into Second Oil Spill\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents obtained by KQED give a vivid picture of how the second pipeline spill unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after midnight on May 20, 2016, Shell's pipeline control center in Houston, Texas, detected a drop in operating pressure on the pipeline near West Patterson Pass Road and Interstate 580. At the time, it was pumping more than 6,000 barrels of heavy crude per hour, state officials said. The company says it immediately shut down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later the company \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/488e4a35e60e506e88257fb900336731?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified \u003c/a>the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, several local agencies were called in to respond, and a cleanup effort began that would last for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20, 2016, pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, a federal regulator wanted answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please provide a report on this event when possible,\" wrote Peter Katchmar, an accident coordinator at the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) in an email to the state fire marshal's office four hours after the rupture took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 24-inch pipeline released 500 barrels of oil from a break that measured 45 by 4.5 inches, according to state investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it did for the September 2015 break, Shell hired the risk management firm, Det Norske Veritas (DNV), to investigate the May 2016 spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2015 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>DNV and Shell say the rupture was due to a \"fatigue crack\" that grew over time. The oil company also says that smart pig, or in-line, tests conducted on the pipeline before the break were incorrectly reported to Shell officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says that incorrect information led them to increase pressure on the line three days before it ruptured. The oil giant blames a firm it hired to do the in-line inspections on the heels of the first break, the Rosen Group, for failing to identify and report the fatigue crack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the ... surveys confirming the absence of any actionable defects, the recommendation was made ... to remove the operating pressure reductions,\" Shell said in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Rosen declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the inline inspection company's mistakes that may have led to the pipeline break, Shell continues to use Rosen for in-line inspections, company spokesman Ray Fisher said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the first break, DNV said small pits of corrosion, along with the line's frequent changes in pressure due to the different grades of oil it carries, contributed to the rupture. The firm added that the crack could have developed when the pipe was transported to the West Coast 35 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report Shell said it wants to improve detecting cracks along its pipelines and take a closer look at its pipes that undergo aggressive pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There needs to be corporate awareness for what pressure cycling does to the pipelines,\" Shell's review said. \"This action needs to lead to more discipline and visibility of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10974518\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20, 2016, Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fisher says crude that the pipeline brings from the Central Valley to refineries in the Bay Area \"varies in viscosity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Customer demands frequently dictate varying pressure loads on the pipeline,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has taken measures to reduce pressure cycling on the pipeline that broke as well as others in its network, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State's Reliance on Private Industry to Police Itself\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, KQED reported the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state relied heavily on Shell\u003c/a> to investigate the September 2015 break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the state's probe into the second spill -- the state's findings mirror the company's conclusions -- was basically another regurgitation of the oil giant's own review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan, of the Center for Biological Diversity, says that shows the state fire marshal isn't up to the job of overseeing pipeline safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we are letting companies police their own pipelines, we cannot be sure that they're doing a good job,\" Sullivan said. \"This operator is operating a very dangerous pipeline and they do not seem to have a system in place to prevent these kinds of leaks. I don't think Cal Fire's report and recommendations really changes that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan says Cal Fire does not have enough engineers to police the hundreds of pipelines it's responsible for watching over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's impossible for them to do the kind of rigorous oversight that they should be doing,\" he said, adding that the agency needs more resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they continue to take the kind of lax approach with enforcement that we've seen certainly with these two incidents, I think it's worth considering if there is another agency that could do this better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, the pipeline safety division had just a handful of inspectors and engineers. A top official with the agency said then that it had been working with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">minimum staff for several years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state's new fire marshal says that's changing significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been able to bolster our pipeline safety resources significantly,\" said Mathisen in an interview. \"We've more than doubled our engineers on staff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the San Pablo Bay Pipeline broke, the agency had five engineers who oversaw 752 intrastate pipelines, according to Mathisen. The division conducted an average of nine investigations a year for the last five years, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, now the agency has 13 engineers and supervisors and there are plans to hire 13 more, Upton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mathisen says he wants his agency to take a more active role in pipeline break investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in staff came as a result of legislation in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/21/crews-struggle-to-clean-up-oil-spill-near-santa-barbara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Refugio oil spill\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara County that mandated more pipeline inspections and required the oil industry to put in place better leak detection systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are gaining the resources to keep up,\" Mathisen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators recently ordered another change: Companies hired by the oil industry to inspect pipelines are now required to send the results of those tests to the fire marshal's office before they are sent to the line operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shell Works to Replace Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company recently began the process of replacing three sections of pipeline totaling 12.5 miles, company spokesman Fisher said. Each of those sections -- one near Tracy, one near the Stanislaus-Merced county line, and one near Coalinga -- involves pipeline that was manufactured in 1982 and then stored outside for six years before being shipped to California and installed as part of an existing pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell is choosing to replace the 1982 Columbia pipe sections with newly fabricated pipe out of an abundance of caution, despite the existing pipeline having been repaired and passing subsequent hydrotests,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it expects to complete construction of the new pipeline sections by 2019, he said. The company plans to shut down the line for several days when it's installed, a move that has to be worked out with the refinery companies the pipeline serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell is not disclosing the cost of the project.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","authors":["258"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8","news_356","news_1397"],"tags":["news_19542","news_21393","news_950","news_20456","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_10974511","label":"news_72"},"news_11127324":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11127324","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11127324","score":null,"sort":[1476352848000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"protests-disrupt-pipelines-across-the-west","title":"Protests Disrupt Pipelines Across the Northern U.S.","publishDate":1476352848,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The fight over transporting crude oil has spread across the northern U.S., with protesters disrupting pipelines that carry crude from Canada into the U.S. At least one protester has been injured and dozens have been arrested since Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unrest, in communities from Minnesota to Washington state, is connected in each case to the ongoing battle over an oil pipeline under construction in North Dakota. Since it was approved by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/08/25/491377956/native-americans-protest-new-oil-pipeline-in-north-dakota\">over the summer\u003c/a>, more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/12/493532162/n-d-pipeline-protester-its-about-our-rights-as-native-people\">1,000 people\u003c/a> have protested against the Dakota Access Pipeline — specifically the portion that is slated to run under a river near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe opposes the pipeline because they say the route crosses \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3098063-Mentz.html\">sacred sites and burial places\u003c/a>, and they are concerned that if the pipeline ruptures, an oil spill could pollute drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3097679-Standing-Rock-Sioux-Tribe-Army-Corps.html\">temporarily halted\u003c/a> while the courts reviewed the tribe's complaints, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/weekend-court-decision-restarts-dakota-access-pipeline-construction-private-lands/\">on Sunday\u003c/a> a federal appeals court paved the way for building to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was when two days of clashes began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NewsHour/status/786197730481827840\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday morning, the company building the Dakota Access Pipeline -- Energy Transfer Partners -- went ahead with construction, despite a \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/joint-statement-department-justice-department-army-and-department-interior-regarding-dc\">joint statement\u003c/a> from the U.S. Departments of Justice, Army and Interior requesting that they voluntarily pause until the Corps finishes its review of the pipeline's entire route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, 27 people near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation were arrested for what the local sheriff called a \"riot,\" \u003ca href=\"http://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-and-regional/arrests-made-at-st-anthony-protest-sites/article_ba8d2aab-cf9c-5fa1-a268-46661bb51966.html\">according to the Bismarck Tribune\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a Columbus Day protest in Reno, Nevada, turned dangerous when a pickup truck barreled through a crowd of people demonstrating for Native American land rights, hurting several people and seriously injuring one woman, \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj20e6759XPAhXDVyYKHS-BBGYQqQIIHTAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rgj.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2F2016%2F10%2F10%2Fdriver-plows-through-reno-protesters-under-arch%2F91883894%2F&usg=AFQjCNFXMBv7UAcU4LMGxDkfTL1zZHz3aQ&sig2=EoJiFfeZsfSuGBSXgeV9_w&bvm=bv.135475266,d.eWE\">according to the Reno Gazette-Journal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/100010016970938/videos/349103885433508/\">Audio from the scene appeared to capture\u003c/a> the pickup truck revving its engine before accelerating into a crosswalk. The Reno Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjGueGf8dXPAhWG6iYKHSqZBoIQFgglMAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rgj.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2F2016%2F10%2F11%2Fupdate-reno-arch-incident%2F91903256%2F&usg=AFQjCNHzv31n3QOrzNPvnxKrM02hSDSs9Q&sig2=H43W5ErhK7sMrtvXN2aXJw&bvm=bv.135475266,d.eWE\">told the paper\u003c/a> they are investigating the incident and have not arrested the driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"pDfklo2TQNITUAAaDuum19HIeiBU94eY\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Tuesday, a group acting in support of Dakota Access Pipeline protesters carried out a coordinated protest that briefly shut down five pipelines that carry crude oil into the U.S. from Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate Disobedience Action Fund \u003ca href=\"http://www.shutitdown.today/press\">said on its website\u003c/a> that a total of nine people affiliated with the group were arrested for tampering with two pipelines in Minnesota, and three others in Washington state, North Dakota and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two Minnesota pipelines are run by the energy company Enbridge, which took to Twitter to condemn the protests as dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are aware of tampering that occurred on our infrastructure this morning -- this action is incredibly dangerous and reckless,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Enbridge?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">the company tweeted\u003c/a>. \"Those involved claim to be protecting the environment, but their actions invite environmental incident and create a safety risk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Enbridge/status/785886797452771328\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Washington state, a spokesman for the Trans Mountain pipeline, Ali Hounsell, confirmed by email that three people were arrested after tampering with the Puget Sound portion of that pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company echoed the concerns of other companies, calling the protesters \"reckless.\" A spokesman for the company's Canadian operation told NPR the pipeline was not operating at the time, but that a line that feeds into the affected area was shut down as a precaution until the section could be inspected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Spectra Energy also confirmed a section of the company's Express pipeline in Montana had been shut down on Tuesday after people tampered with a valve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Association of Oil Pipe Lines, a trade group, released a statement calling for activists to \"end their forms of dangerous protest,\" and warning that \"incorrectly closing a valve in the middle of a pipeline ... could cause a pressure surge, rupture the pipeline and cause a spill.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Protests+Disrupt+Pipelines+Across+The+West&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On Tuesday activists targeted five pipelines carrying crude oil into the U.S. from Canada, as construction resumed on a North Dakota pipeline. The day before, 27 protesters were arrested.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1476396524,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":652},"headData":{"title":"Protests Disrupt Pipelines Across the Northern U.S. | KQED","description":"On Tuesday activists targeted five pipelines carrying crude oil into the U.S. from Canada, as construction resumed on a North Dakota pipeline. The day before, 27 protesters were arrested.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11127324 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11127324","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/13/protests-disrupt-pipelines-across-the-west/","disqusTitle":"Protests Disrupt Pipelines Across the Northern U.S.","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"http://www.npr.org/","nprByline":"Rebecca Hersher","nprImageAgency":"Andrew Cullen","nprStoryId":"497673866","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=497673866&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/10/12/497673866/protests-disrupt-pipelines-across-the-west?ft=nprml&f=497673866","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 12 Oct 2016 17:11:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 12 Oct 2016 17:08:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 12 Oct 2016 17:11:36 -0400","path":"/news/11127324/protests-disrupt-pipelines-across-the-west","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The fight over transporting crude oil has spread across the northern U.S., with protesters disrupting pipelines that carry crude from Canada into the U.S. At least one protester has been injured and dozens have been arrested since Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unrest, in communities from Minnesota to Washington state, is connected in each case to the ongoing battle over an oil pipeline under construction in North Dakota. Since it was approved by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/08/25/491377956/native-americans-protest-new-oil-pipeline-in-north-dakota\">over the summer\u003c/a>, more than \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/12/493532162/n-d-pipeline-protester-its-about-our-rights-as-native-people\">1,000 people\u003c/a> have protested against the Dakota Access Pipeline — specifically the portion that is slated to run under a river near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe opposes the pipeline because they say the route crosses \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3098063-Mentz.html\">sacred sites and burial places\u003c/a>, and they are concerned that if the pipeline ruptures, an oil spill could pollute drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction had \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3097679-Standing-Rock-Sioux-Tribe-Army-Corps.html\">temporarily halted\u003c/a> while the courts reviewed the tribe's complaints, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/weekend-court-decision-restarts-dakota-access-pipeline-construction-private-lands/\">on Sunday\u003c/a> a federal appeals court paved the way for building to resume.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was when two days of clashes began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"786197730481827840"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>On Monday morning, the company building the Dakota Access Pipeline -- Energy Transfer Partners -- went ahead with construction, despite a \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/joint-statement-department-justice-department-army-and-department-interior-regarding-dc\">joint statement\u003c/a> from the U.S. Departments of Justice, Army and Interior requesting that they voluntarily pause until the Corps finishes its review of the pipeline's entire route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, 27 people near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation were arrested for what the local sheriff called a \"riot,\" \u003ca href=\"http://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-and-regional/arrests-made-at-st-anthony-protest-sites/article_ba8d2aab-cf9c-5fa1-a268-46661bb51966.html\">according to the Bismarck Tribune\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a Columbus Day protest in Reno, Nevada, turned dangerous when a pickup truck barreled through a crowd of people demonstrating for Native American land rights, hurting several people and seriously injuring one woman, \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj20e6759XPAhXDVyYKHS-BBGYQqQIIHTAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rgj.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2F2016%2F10%2F10%2Fdriver-plows-through-reno-protesters-under-arch%2F91883894%2F&usg=AFQjCNFXMBv7UAcU4LMGxDkfTL1zZHz3aQ&sig2=EoJiFfeZsfSuGBSXgeV9_w&bvm=bv.135475266,d.eWE\">according to the Reno Gazette-Journal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/100010016970938/videos/349103885433508/\">Audio from the scene appeared to capture\u003c/a> the pickup truck revving its engine before accelerating into a crosswalk. The Reno Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjGueGf8dXPAhWG6iYKHSqZBoIQFgglMAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rgj.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2F2016%2F10%2F11%2Fupdate-reno-arch-incident%2F91903256%2F&usg=AFQjCNHzv31n3QOrzNPvnxKrM02hSDSs9Q&sig2=H43W5ErhK7sMrtvXN2aXJw&bvm=bv.135475266,d.eWE\">told the paper\u003c/a> they are investigating the incident and have not arrested the driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Tuesday, a group acting in support of Dakota Access Pipeline protesters carried out a coordinated protest that briefly shut down five pipelines that carry crude oil into the U.S. from Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate Disobedience Action Fund \u003ca href=\"http://www.shutitdown.today/press\">said on its website\u003c/a> that a total of nine people affiliated with the group were arrested for tampering with two pipelines in Minnesota, and three others in Washington state, North Dakota and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two Minnesota pipelines are run by the energy company Enbridge, which took to Twitter to condemn the protests as dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are aware of tampering that occurred on our infrastructure this morning -- this action is incredibly dangerous and reckless,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Enbridge?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">the company tweeted\u003c/a>. \"Those involved claim to be protecting the environment, but their actions invite environmental incident and create a safety risk.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"785886797452771328"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In Washington state, a spokesman for the Trans Mountain pipeline, Ali Hounsell, confirmed by email that three people were arrested after tampering with the Puget Sound portion of that pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company echoed the concerns of other companies, calling the protesters \"reckless.\" A spokesman for the company's Canadian operation told NPR the pipeline was not operating at the time, but that a line that feeds into the affected area was shut down as a precaution until the section could be inspected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Spectra Energy also confirmed a section of the company's Express pipeline in Montana had been shut down on Tuesday after people tampered with a valve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Association of Oil Pipe Lines, a trade group, released a statement calling for activists to \"end their forms of dangerous protest,\" and warning that \"incorrectly closing a valve in the middle of a pipeline ... could cause a pressure surge, rupture the pipeline and cause a spill.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Protests+Disrupt+Pipelines+Across+The+West&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11127324/protests-disrupt-pipelines-across-the-west","authors":["byline_news_11127324"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_950","news_20064","news_17286"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11127336","label":"source_news_11127324"},"news_11074703":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11074703","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11074703","score":null,"sort":[1476140135000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company","title":"Critics Question State Pipeline Oversight After 2 Altamont Oil Spills","publishDate":1476140135,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The San Bruno gas pipeline explosion of 2010 brought unprecedented scrutiny to the state’s network of natural gas pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, two breaks in an East Bay pipeline have sparked questions about whether the state office charged with overseeing oil pipeline safety is up to the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has learned that the state investigation into the rupture of a 24-inch Shell Oil Co. pipeline on the eastern edge of the Bay Area in September 2015 relied heavily on the energy company's own analysis of the incident -- some critics say too heavily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287080575\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of the State Fire Marshal, a division of Cal Fire charged with investigating oil pipeline incidents inside the state, never took possession of the portion of the line that broke and did not conduct its own inspection of the line after it ruptured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In assessing the rupture's cause, the fire marshal's \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788523/Office-of-the-State-Fire-Marchal-rport-on-the-Sept-17-2015-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=YNy3ioXbzWM9JJj6h5QD\" target=\"_blank\">report\u003c/a> merely quoted a three-sentence summary provided by a firm Shell hired to look into the incident. The fire marshal's review failed to document when, where or by whom the pipe was manufactured or how it got to the West Coast decades ago -- a trip that could have weakened the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's office says the company did not violate state regulations in connection with the rupture and did not levy any penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight months later, in May 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\">the Shell pipeline broke again\u003c/a> and spilled crude oil in the same area, just off Interstate 580 near Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although state reports say the spills were cleaned up and \"no water was affected,\" each rupture along the company's San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which brings crude oil from the Central Valley to the Bay Area, led to tens of thousands of gallons of crude to spill onto ranch land in the Altamont Pass, alarming environmentalists and prompting concern from at least one state lawmaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED obtained Shell's analysis of the break and the fire marshal's report on the incident through a California Public Records Act request, to learn more about the investigation into the Sept. 16, 2015, spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pipeline experts, safety advocates and environmentalists who have reviewed those records say they reveal weaknesses in the way many crude pipelines in California are regulated. They also raise questions about whether the state fire marshal's office is equipped to oversee this part of the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286469556?secret_token=s-0klrw\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inadequate Oversight\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire says 752 intrastate pipelines are under its jurisdiction. One of the nation's leading experts on pipeline safety says that should change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cal Fire does not have the appropriate tools to regulate and inspect something as sophisticated and intricate as a pipeline,\" says Robert Bea, professor emeritus at the Center for Catastrophic Risk Management at UC Berkeley's College of Engineering. \"For us to turn to our heroes in Cal Fire and expect them to do this is not fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bea says the California Public Utilities Commission and the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration are better suited for such investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The understanding of cracking threats and what are the appropriate assessment methods may not be well understood by state regulators,\" says Richard Kuprewicz, president of Accufacts Inc., a Redmond, Washington-based firm that specializes in pipeline investigations. He notes that part of the cause of the September break was a small crack in the line that expanded over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The California fire marshal used to be considered one of the better state regulators in the country, and then they went through some funding issues,\" says Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, a Bellingham, Washington-based nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They actually backed away from a lot of their regulatory authority,\" Weimer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Dp2gwxfYC5m1m6DsMCLF7ieqAXGdfWoy\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cal Fire seems to almost have completely outsourced the investigation into this very serious incident to Shell itself,\" adds Patrick Sullivan, the climate media director with the activist Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a pipeline here that has failed again and again,\" Sullivan says. \"The state ought to be taking a much harder look and do its own hands-on investigation to figure out what's really going on here. Cal Fire doesn't have enough staff, it doesn't have enough resources and it does not have the will to really keep a close eye on pipelines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's director of pipeline safety acknowledged after a major crude oil pipeline rupture last year near Santa Barbara that the agency has been \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\">working with a minimum staff\u003c/a> for years -- but Cal Fire emphasizes that its fire marshal's office followed state regulations in investigating last September's Altamont spill and note that Shell commissioned a well-respected third party to investigate the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire argues that federal law calls for pipeline operators to analyze the cause of accidents involving their lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to the \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline\">fire marshal's website\u003c/a>, the office's Pipeline Safety Division \"is also responsible for the investigation of all spills, ruptures, fires, or pipeline incidents for cause and determination of probable violations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire spokeswoman Lynne Tolmachoff says because the September spill uncovered no violations, there was no need for state regulators to conduct their own inspection of the pipe afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Cause for Alarm'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\">two spills\u003c/a> took place at the border between Alameda and San Joaquin counties on a pipeline that stretches from Coalinga in Fresno County to Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1Y7CgYIFSHfCiilZXgjKY61Ggc14\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After learning of the two breaks, San Joaquin County Assemblywoman \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/01/lawmaker-wants-answers-after-shell-crude-oil-pipeline-suffers-2nd-rupture-and-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">Susan Eggman met with Shell executives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's really cause for alarm up and down that pipeline,\" Eggman said following the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's office is still investigating the most recent break, which occurred on May 20. That rupture spilled what Shell estimates to be at least 20,000 gallons of crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788136/Shell-Pipeline-Company-Sept-16-2015-Rupture-Report-and-Analysis?secret_password=C5CVRS7rs2jwjD5n7Fik\" target=\"_blank\">Read Shell's analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788848/Det-Norske-Veritas-Metallurgical-Analysis-of-the-September-2015-Shell-Oil-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=t8eHzUOnC3QEqnhrIckh\" target=\"_blank\">Read Det Norske Veritas' analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788523/Office-of-the-State-Fire-Marchal-Report-on-the-Sept-17-2015-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=YNy3ioXbzWM9JJj6h5QD\" target=\"_blank\">Read the Office of the State Fire Marshal analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Initially, Shell said the September break spilled the same amount. Shell spokesman Ray Fisher wrote KQED in an email in late May that 500 barrels had spilled, a volume equivalent to 21,000 gallons. But Shell's own investigative documents show that 900 barrels, or close to 38,000 gallons, spilled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's common for oil companies to provide lower estimates on the amount of fuel lost in a pipeline break, according to Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the number turns out to be way different than what you originally said without a good justifiable reason, credibility starts to get lost on all sides,\" he says. \"That's a problem across the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisher said the initial figure was based on engineering and field data in September. He said the company updated the estimate in its report to federal regulators in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The emergency response, cleanup and pipeline repairs stemming from the September spill cost $1.2 million, according to Shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pipeline Had Safety Issues\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the first rupture the energy company hired a risk management firm, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788848/Det-Norske-Veritas-Metallurgical-Analysis-of-the-September-2015-Shell-Oil-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=t8eHzUOnC3QEqnhrIckh\" target=\"_blank\">Det Norske Veritas (DNV)\u003c/a>, to investigate. According to DNV and Shell's documents, the September and May spills were not the only dangerous incidents associated with the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, less than a decade after the pipe was installed, an unspecified defect in the pipe caused a failure on the line. Forty feet of the pipe had to be replaced. Shell says it's unable to find more information about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Records were basic and did not have modern level of report detail,\" Shell's analysis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1998 incident, along with a spill the following year, prompted Cal Fire to place the pipeline on its list of \"high-risk\" lines, a classification that requires a different level of inspections. For the next several years, crews found possible dents, corrosion and grind marks on the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's Fisher calls those kinds of observations normal and says the company's willingness to point them out represents \"proactive steps to preserve the integrity and reliability of the pipeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2004, the state removed the line from its list of high-risk pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, pumps connected to the pipeline were blocked, resulting in a fire. While Shell said that the fire was a significant event leading up to last September's spill, company officials at the time determined that the fire \"did not likely affect the pipeline from a heat or pressure perspective.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An Industrywide Problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Shell, the September 2015 rupture began at a pre-existing fatigue crack that was 36 inches long and 6 inches wide. A \"longitudinal seam failure\" grew over time in a corroded section of pipe and eventually ruptured after line pressure fluctuated to accommodate different grades of oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2016 rupture.\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2016 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The pipeline has been aggressively cycled in the last year of operation,\" Shell's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bea says the kind of cracking involved in the rupture is a common cause for pipeline breaks. \"It is an industrywide problem,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are moving very heavy crude through this pipeline at very high temperatures and they're doing it at very high pressures, and they're alternating those pressures so they're putting a ton of stress on this pipeline,\" adds CBD's Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the needs of the market are responsible, in part, for the pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ideally, a pipeline would operate at a constant pressure,\" Fisher wrote in an email. \"However, customer demands, especially on common carrier pipelines, dictate loads on the pipeline. These resulting variations in load requirements result in pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The September spill led Shell to take \"steps to reduce the pressure cycling of this pipeline,\" Fisher wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over a month before the September spill, Shell crews conducted in-line inspections of the pipe and reported that there were no problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's analysis showed that the rupture took place four minutes after crews raised pressure on the pipeline in the middle of the night. More than eight hours later, the company confirmed that the rupture caused a spill with crude oil being released onto pasture land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Holes in Pipe's History\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNV's report speculates that the crack could have developed from in-service operation or when the pipe was transported to the West Coast after it was manufactured, which Shell now says -- contrary to its initial report -- was in 1982.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to KQED inquiries, Shell provided several other details of the pipe's history omitted from the report provided to -- and relied upon by -- the Office of the State Fire Marshal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original document said the pipe manufacturer was unknown, for instance. Company spokesman Ray Fisher said in a later email that the pipe was made by Houston's Armco Steel Corp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, Fisher and the company's report says, the pipe took a circuitous route to California. After Armco made it, the pipe was apparently purchased by and shipped to Columbia Gas, a big East Coast provider of natural gas. For about six years, \"the pipe sat in the yard exposed to elements in Delaware, Maryland or Pennsylvania,\" the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Texaco bought the pipe, which Fisher says was shipped cross-country by rail to Coalinga. The 24-inch pipe, which had a wall thickness of about a quarter-inch, may have suffered a \"transportation fatigue crack\" when it was moved to Coalinga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's lack of consistent paperwork is part of growing problem in the pipeline industry, according to Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're finding more and more companies that have undergone pipeline rupture failures where all of the sudden records have disappeared or they can't find them,\" said Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shoddy documentation involving a ruptured pipeline was an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/05/08/93305/feds_demand_accurate_gas_pipeline_safety_records?category=bay+area\" target=\"_blank\">issue that came to light\u003c/a> after PG&E's San Bruno disaster in 2010. The incident involved a poorly welded natural gas pipeline, installed in the 1950s, that ruptured and exploded. The blast and subsequent fire killed eight people destroyed 38 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286470710?secret_token=s-TLok3\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inspection Methods Questioned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts and safety advocates also expressed concern that Shell's inspections did not reveal the crack that led to the rupture -- all the more dangerous since a break took place eight months afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crack that eventually led to the September break could have been there in 1990, the year the pipe underwent its last hydrotest, when a section of a line is filled with water at high pressure to detect problems. The flaw was not detected then or in subsequent examinations using other inspection methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the September 2015 spill, Shell conducted inspections every two years on the line using electronic tools that seek pipeline defects, according to the company. Cal Fire says Shell has \"historically\" asked the office for permission to conduct inspections using in-line mechanical probes, instead of hydrotests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State law requires pipelines considered high risk to be hydrotested every year. Pipelines that are at least 10 years old, like the San Pablo Bay Pipeline, are supposed to be hydrotested every three years, unless they get an exemption from the OSFM. In fact, the OSFM prefers the in-line inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120103\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 579px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11120103\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Aerial view of the clean-up scene after the September 2015 oil pipeline rupture in the Altamont Pass near Tracy.\" width=\"579\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo.jpg 579w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-400x390.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aerial view of the cleanup scene after the September 2015 oil pipeline rupture in the Altamont Pass near Tracy. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the California Regional Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Hydrotests only test the pipeline integrity at that moment in time,\" says Cal Fire's Tolmachoff. \"In-line inspection tools are capable of detecting anomalies such as dents, gouges, mental loss, etc., that could lead to a release.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some experts say that the way in which the company is assessing risks on the pipe has not worked well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those internal inspection computers they run through pipelines -- it's pretty well-known in the industry that they have a real hard time identifying this type of crack on those types of seam welds,\" Weimer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the in-line inspection tool didn't spot the crack and two months later or less it ruptured, something's wrong here,\" Kuprewicz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September spill, Shell conducted more in-line inspections of the pipeline, which found \"no additional defects similar to that which caused the September release,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in June, a month after the pipeline's most recent rupture, Shell conducted a hydro test in the line, the first such exam on the pipe in more than 25 years, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell has had trouble with this pipeline before,\" Bea says. \"You can expect to see similar trouble with this same pipeline and with others like it again.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State fire officials, charged with ensuring oil pipeline safety, relied on company findings in assessing the first of two incidents near Tracy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1476194202,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":77,"wordCount":2611},"headData":{"title":"Critics Question State Pipeline Oversight After 2 Altamont Oil Spills | KQED","description":"State fire officials, charged with ensuring oil pipeline safety, relied on company findings in assessing the first of two incidents near Tracy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11074703 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11074703","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company/","disqusTitle":"Critics Question State Pipeline Oversight After 2 Altamont Oil Spills","path":"/news/11074703/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The San Bruno gas pipeline explosion of 2010 brought unprecedented scrutiny to the state’s network of natural gas pipelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, two breaks in an East Bay pipeline have sparked questions about whether the state office charged with overseeing oil pipeline safety is up to the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has learned that the state investigation into the rupture of a 24-inch Shell Oil Co. pipeline on the eastern edge of the Bay Area in September 2015 relied heavily on the energy company's own analysis of the incident -- some critics say too heavily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287080575&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287080575'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of the State Fire Marshal, a division of Cal Fire charged with investigating oil pipeline incidents inside the state, never took possession of the portion of the line that broke and did not conduct its own inspection of the line after it ruptured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In assessing the rupture's cause, the fire marshal's \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788523/Office-of-the-State-Fire-Marchal-rport-on-the-Sept-17-2015-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=YNy3ioXbzWM9JJj6h5QD\" target=\"_blank\">report\u003c/a> merely quoted a three-sentence summary provided by a firm Shell hired to look into the incident. The fire marshal's review failed to document when, where or by whom the pipe was manufactured or how it got to the West Coast decades ago -- a trip that could have weakened the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's office says the company did not violate state regulations in connection with the rupture and did not levy any penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight months later, in May 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\">the Shell pipeline broke again\u003c/a> and spilled crude oil in the same area, just off Interstate 580 near Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20 pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although state reports say the spills were cleaned up and \"no water was affected,\" each rupture along the company's San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which brings crude oil from the Central Valley to the Bay Area, led to tens of thousands of gallons of crude to spill onto ranch land in the Altamont Pass, alarming environmentalists and prompting concern from at least one state lawmaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED obtained Shell's analysis of the break and the fire marshal's report on the incident through a California Public Records Act request, to learn more about the investigation into the Sept. 16, 2015, spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pipeline experts, safety advocates and environmentalists who have reviewed those records say they reveal weaknesses in the way many crude pipelines in California are regulated. They also raise questions about whether the state fire marshal's office is equipped to oversee this part of the oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286469556?secret_token=s-0klrw&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286469556?secret_token=s-0klrw'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inadequate Oversight\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire says 752 intrastate pipelines are under its jurisdiction. One of the nation's leading experts on pipeline safety says that should change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cal Fire does not have the appropriate tools to regulate and inspect something as sophisticated and intricate as a pipeline,\" says Robert Bea, professor emeritus at the Center for Catastrophic Risk Management at UC Berkeley's College of Engineering. \"For us to turn to our heroes in Cal Fire and expect them to do this is not fair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bea says the California Public Utilities Commission and the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration are better suited for such investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The understanding of cracking threats and what are the appropriate assessment methods may not be well understood by state regulators,\" says Richard Kuprewicz, president of Accufacts Inc., a Redmond, Washington-based firm that specializes in pipeline investigations. He notes that part of the cause of the September break was a small crack in the line that expanded over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The California fire marshal used to be considered one of the better state regulators in the country, and then they went through some funding issues,\" says Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, a Bellingham, Washington-based nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They actually backed away from a lot of their regulatory authority,\" Weimer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cal Fire seems to almost have completely outsourced the investigation into this very serious incident to Shell itself,\" adds Patrick Sullivan, the climate media director with the activist Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a pipeline here that has failed again and again,\" Sullivan says. \"The state ought to be taking a much harder look and do its own hands-on investigation to figure out what's really going on here. Cal Fire doesn't have enough staff, it doesn't have enough resources and it does not have the will to really keep a close eye on pipelines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's director of pipeline safety acknowledged after a major crude oil pipeline rupture last year near Santa Barbara that the agency has been \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\">working with a minimum staff\u003c/a> for years -- but Cal Fire emphasizes that its fire marshal's office followed state regulations in investigating last September's Altamont spill and note that Shell commissioned a well-respected third party to investigate the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire argues that federal law calls for pipeline operators to analyze the cause of accidents involving their lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to the \u003ca href=\"http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/pipeline/pipeline\">fire marshal's website\u003c/a>, the office's Pipeline Safety Division \"is also responsible for the investigation of all spills, ruptures, fires, or pipeline incidents for cause and determination of probable violations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire spokeswoman Lynne Tolmachoff says because the September spill uncovered no violations, there was no need for state regulators to conduct their own inspection of the pipe afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Cause for Alarm'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\">two spills\u003c/a> took place at the border between Alameda and San Joaquin counties on a pipeline that stretches from Coalinga in Fresno County to Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1Y7CgYIFSHfCiilZXgjKY61Ggc14\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After learning of the two breaks, San Joaquin County Assemblywoman \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/01/lawmaker-wants-answers-after-shell-crude-oil-pipeline-suffers-2nd-rupture-and-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">Susan Eggman met with Shell executives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's really cause for alarm up and down that pipeline,\" Eggman said following the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's office is still investigating the most recent break, which occurred on May 20. That rupture spilled what Shell estimates to be at least 20,000 gallons of crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788136/Shell-Pipeline-Company-Sept-16-2015-Rupture-Report-and-Analysis?secret_password=C5CVRS7rs2jwjD5n7Fik\" target=\"_blank\">Read Shell's analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788848/Det-Norske-Veritas-Metallurgical-Analysis-of-the-September-2015-Shell-Oil-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=t8eHzUOnC3QEqnhrIckh\" target=\"_blank\">Read Det Norske Veritas' analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788523/Office-of-the-State-Fire-Marchal-Report-on-the-Sept-17-2015-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=YNy3ioXbzWM9JJj6h5QD\" target=\"_blank\">Read the Office of the State Fire Marshal analysis of the September 2015 pipeline rupture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Initially, Shell said the September break spilled the same amount. Shell spokesman Ray Fisher wrote KQED in an email in late May that 500 barrels had spilled, a volume equivalent to 21,000 gallons. But Shell's own investigative documents show that 900 barrels, or close to 38,000 gallons, spilled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's common for oil companies to provide lower estimates on the amount of fuel lost in a pipeline break, according to Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the number turns out to be way different than what you originally said without a good justifiable reason, credibility starts to get lost on all sides,\" he says. \"That's a problem across the country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisher said the initial figure was based on engineering and field data in September. He said the company updated the estimate in its report to federal regulators in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The emergency response, cleanup and pipeline repairs stemming from the September spill cost $1.2 million, according to Shell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pipeline Had Safety Issues\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the first rupture the energy company hired a risk management firm, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/326788848/Det-Norske-Veritas-Metallurgical-Analysis-of-the-September-2015-Shell-Oil-Pipeline-Rupture?secret_password=t8eHzUOnC3QEqnhrIckh\" target=\"_blank\">Det Norske Veritas (DNV)\u003c/a>, to investigate. According to DNV and Shell's documents, the September and May spills were not the only dangerous incidents associated with the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, less than a decade after the pipe was installed, an unspecified defect in the pipe caused a failure on the line. Forty feet of the pipe had to be replaced. Shell says it's unable to find more information about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Records were basic and did not have modern level of report detail,\" Shell's analysis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1998 incident, along with a spill the following year, prompted Cal Fire to place the pipeline on its list of \"high-risk\" lines, a classification that requires a different level of inspections. For the next several years, crews found possible dents, corrosion and grind marks on the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's Fisher calls those kinds of observations normal and says the company's willingness to point them out represents \"proactive steps to preserve the integrity and reliability of the pipeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2004, the state removed the line from its list of high-risk pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, pumps connected to the pipeline were blocked, resulting in a fire. While Shell said that the fire was a significant event leading up to last September's spill, company officials at the time determined that the fire \"did not likely affect the pipeline from a heat or pressure perspective.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An Industrywide Problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Shell, the September 2015 rupture began at a pre-existing fatigue crack that was 36 inches long and 6 inches wide. A \"longitudinal seam failure\" grew over time in a corroded section of pipe and eventually ruptured after line pressure fluctuated to accommodate different grades of oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2016 rupture.\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2016 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The pipeline has been aggressively cycled in the last year of operation,\" Shell's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bea says the kind of cracking involved in the rupture is a common cause for pipeline breaks. \"It is an industrywide problem,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are moving very heavy crude through this pipeline at very high temperatures and they're doing it at very high pressures, and they're alternating those pressures so they're putting a ton of stress on this pipeline,\" adds CBD's Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the needs of the market are responsible, in part, for the pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ideally, a pipeline would operate at a constant pressure,\" Fisher wrote in an email. \"However, customer demands, especially on common carrier pipelines, dictate loads on the pipeline. These resulting variations in load requirements result in pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The September spill led Shell to take \"steps to reduce the pressure cycling of this pipeline,\" Fisher wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over a month before the September spill, Shell crews conducted in-line inspections of the pipe and reported that there were no problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's analysis showed that the rupture took place four minutes after crews raised pressure on the pipeline in the middle of the night. More than eight hours later, the company confirmed that the rupture caused a spill with crude oil being released onto pasture land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Holes in Pipe's History\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNV's report speculates that the crack could have developed from in-service operation or when the pipe was transported to the West Coast after it was manufactured, which Shell now says -- contrary to its initial report -- was in 1982.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to KQED inquiries, Shell provided several other details of the pipe's history omitted from the report provided to -- and relied upon by -- the Office of the State Fire Marshal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original document said the pipe manufacturer was unknown, for instance. Company spokesman Ray Fisher said in a later email that the pipe was made by Houston's Armco Steel Corp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, Fisher and the company's report says, the pipe took a circuitous route to California. After Armco made it, the pipe was apparently purchased by and shipped to Columbia Gas, a big East Coast provider of natural gas. For about six years, \"the pipe sat in the yard exposed to elements in Delaware, Maryland or Pennsylvania,\" the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Texaco bought the pipe, which Fisher says was shipped cross-country by rail to Coalinga. The 24-inch pipe, which had a wall thickness of about a quarter-inch, may have suffered a \"transportation fatigue crack\" when it was moved to Coalinga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's lack of consistent paperwork is part of growing problem in the pipeline industry, according to Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're finding more and more companies that have undergone pipeline rupture failures where all of the sudden records have disappeared or they can't find them,\" said Kuprewicz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shoddy documentation involving a ruptured pipeline was an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2012/05/08/93305/feds_demand_accurate_gas_pipeline_safety_records?category=bay+area\" target=\"_blank\">issue that came to light\u003c/a> after PG&E's San Bruno disaster in 2010. The incident involved a poorly welded natural gas pipeline, installed in the 1950s, that ruptured and exploded. The blast and subsequent fire killed eight people destroyed 38 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286470710?secret_token=s-TLok3&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286470710?secret_token=s-TLok3'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Inspection Methods Questioned\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts and safety advocates also expressed concern that Shell's inspections did not reveal the crack that led to the rupture -- all the more dangerous since a break took place eight months afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crack that eventually led to the September break could have been there in 1990, the year the pipe underwent its last hydrotest, when a section of a line is filled with water at high pressure to detect problems. The flaw was not detected then or in subsequent examinations using other inspection methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the September 2015 spill, Shell conducted inspections every two years on the line using electronic tools that seek pipeline defects, according to the company. Cal Fire says Shell has \"historically\" asked the office for permission to conduct inspections using in-line mechanical probes, instead of hydrotests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State law requires pipelines considered high risk to be hydrotested every year. Pipelines that are at least 10 years old, like the San Pablo Bay Pipeline, are supposed to be hydrotested every three years, unless they get an exemption from the OSFM. In fact, the OSFM prefers the in-line inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120103\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 579px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11120103\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Aerial view of the clean-up scene after the September 2015 oil pipeline rupture in the Altamont Pass near Tracy.\" width=\"579\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo.jpg 579w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-400x390.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/oil-spill-photo-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aerial view of the cleanup scene after the September 2015 oil pipeline rupture in the Altamont Pass near Tracy. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the California Regional Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Hydrotests only test the pipeline integrity at that moment in time,\" says Cal Fire's Tolmachoff. \"In-line inspection tools are capable of detecting anomalies such as dents, gouges, mental loss, etc., that could lead to a release.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some experts say that the way in which the company is assessing risks on the pipe has not worked well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those internal inspection computers they run through pipelines -- it's pretty well-known in the industry that they have a real hard time identifying this type of crack on those types of seam welds,\" Weimer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the in-line inspection tool didn't spot the crack and two months later or less it ruptured, something's wrong here,\" Kuprewicz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September spill, Shell conducted more in-line inspections of the pipeline, which found \"no additional defects similar to that which caused the September release,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in June, a month after the pipeline's most recent rupture, Shell conducted a hydro test in the line, the first such exam on the pipe in more than 25 years, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell has had trouble with this pipeline before,\" Bea says. \"You can expect to see similar trouble with this same pipeline and with others like it again.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11074703/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company","authors":["258"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_19542","news_950","news_20028"],"featImg":"news_10967212","label":"news_72"},"news_10543975":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10543975","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10543975","score":null,"sort":[1433174459000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors","title":"State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions","publishDate":1433174459,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The state is investigating a Pacific Gas & Electric Co. safety program -- a probe initiated after a member of Congress flagged a potential “safety threat that could lead to explosions,” KQED has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The probe by the California Public Utilities Commission concerns “cross bores,” which occur when an underground natural gas line pierces another utility line -- usually a sewer line -- below the soil surface. Cross bores can result when work crews use an installation technique that doesn’t involve digging a trench, which means they can't see whether pipeline damage has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright pullquote\">'These allegations suggested that deficiencies in the program were potentially a safety threat that could lead to explosions.' \u003ccite>Rep. Jackie Speier\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These unintended pipe intersections might go undetected for years without causing a problem. But some Bay Area cities have recently partnered with utility companies to launch repair efforts out of concern that they are dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always the risk for gas explosions,” said Tyrone Jue, a spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, when asked about the safety hazard. “The [sewer] laterals would act like a vent, such that if there was a gas leak on that line, the gas could go up that lateral,” potentially traveling into a home or office space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This could happen if a line was damaged, triggering a gas leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been 18 accidents resulting from cross-boring in the United States since 2002, according to the Gas Technology Institute. Mark Bruce, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crossboresafety.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Cross Bore Safety Association\u003c/a>, said that's likely \"an understated number.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's impossible to know, because the Department of Transportation’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration\u003c/a> does not specifically track cross-bore accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You should be concerned, but not irrationally concerned because this is a fixable problem,\" said Bruce. \"It's going to take many years to get this done, because we've spent decades putting them in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Congresswoman Flags Safety Issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2014, Rep. Jackie Speier contacted the CPUC, flagging potential \"deficiencies\" in a PG&E program created to identify and repair cross bores. An email reference to her letter was buried among more than 65,000 emails included in some 123,000 documents PG&E was forced to release due to a lawsuit after the fatal 2010 pipeline explosion in San Bruno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208360183\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Performed by utility contractors, PG&E’s cross-bore safety program entailed reaching out to individual property owners and running cameras through underground pipes, to be followed by any needed repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier (D-San Mateo) confirmed to KQED that she had contacted the CPUC Safety and Enforcement Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allegations were brought to my attention that testing was sometimes done by unqualified personnel, that test results from some addresses may have been falsified or addresses slated for testing were eliminated without supporting evidence,” Speier explained in an email to KQED. “These allegations suggested that deficiencies in the program were potentially a safety threat that could lead to explosions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emails in July 2014 between a CPUC Safety and Enforcement Division official and PG&E -- in response to Speier's concerns --indicated that a CPUC investigator would be initiating contact with the utility. But the findings of this probe have yet to be disclosed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier's letter to the CPUC contained an excerpt from a June 17, 2013, email between apparent contractors that had been shared with her office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a large number of addresses with potential cross bores [that were] never inspected,” says the excerpted email cited in Speier’s letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unnamed author requests PG&E involvement, noting, “I just don’t want to be asked the question of why an assigned address wasn’t inspected AFTER a cross bore in an uninspected address blows up. This is a very real and dangerous potential; in my humble perspective as an inspector in this program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/267077044/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-KMh4hcKk0nMTQRbaRyhh&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_22473\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “large number of addresses” referenced in the June 2013 email provided by the whistleblower were slated for inspection in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CPUC spokeswoman Constance Gordon told KQED that the state investigation began in July 2014. \"Whistleblower complaints are always screened for immediate safety concerns and then assigned to an investigator, in this case in our Safety and Enforcement Division,\" she said. \"The investigation includes fact-gathering, code compliance and sufficient corrective actions as warranted by the specific case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “We cannot comment further until the investigation is completed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E responded to calls with a written statement saying that: \"As part of our commitment to the safety of our customers and the communities we serve, PG&E has deployed a comprehensive program to prevent, identify and repair cross bores throughout our natural gas system. We hold our employees and contractors to high standards and maintain a rigorous quality control process for this work. We are committed to cooperating fully with any reviews by our regulators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is facing criminal negligence charges for violating pipeline safety laws and obstructing justice in the case of the San Bruno transmission pipeline explosion, which killed eight people and destroyed 38 homes in September 2010. And two related investigations, one federal and state, focus on alleged improper communications with utility executives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cross-Bore Explosions Can Be Deadly\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 29, 1976, an explosion and fire destroyed a house in Kenosha, Wisconsin, killing Cletus Weston, 60, and his son, David, 26. Four other people were injured and two adjacent houses were also damaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that morning the Weston family had called a sewer cleaning company to remove a blockage. The cleaner inserted an auger into a 6-inch sewer lateral. But the auger struck and ruptured a 2-inch plastic gas main, even though the home was not served by natural gas. Quickly, gas flowed into the house through the sewer system and an explosion occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, the National Transportation Safety Board \u003ca href=\"http://www.crossboresafety.org/documents/NTSB%20Cross%20Bore%20Recommendation%2012November1976.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">disclosed\u003c/a> that the gas main had been installed by boring through the sewer lateral -- a cross bore. The explosion prompted the NTSB to issue a series of recommendations, including that “inspections [should be made] …. where gas mains and sewer laterals may be in proximity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it took decades, and more explosions, for many municipalities and utilities to begin searching for cross bores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cross Bores Discovered In Bay Area\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/doc/267081902/PG-E-s-Cross-Bore-Inspection-Program?secret_password=eYwZTAoOGpeYfzQPJhea\" target=\"_blank\">documents\u003c/a> from PG&E, there have been five \"near hits\" in San Francisco and the Peninsula since 2012 in which cross bores were damaged and gas was released. But they were fixed before any property damage occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers found 24 cross bores within four city blocks in Palo Alto, according to a document cited by PG&E and presented at the Northeast Gas Association. The City Council approved $3.8 million in 2011 to inspect sewer laterals and make repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10547039\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 639px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10547039\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png\" alt=\"Example of a cross bore.\" width=\"639\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png 639w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1-400x302.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a cross bore. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cross Bore Safety Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Tyrone Jue noted that the SFPUC, the agency tasked with maintaining city sewer lines, was largely unaware of cross bores until its street crews uncovered them during routine maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[PG&E] had been doing the trenchless pipeline installation for a while, prior to us finding out about it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E later provided data suggesting that there were about 1,000 locations in the city where cross bores had occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/doc/267071564/San-Francisco-Complaint-Against-PG-E\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> filed against PG&E by San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera suggests that there could be even more. “PG&E has identified thousands of additional locations where PG&E’s cross-bores might have caused damage to city sewer laterals,” Herrera’s June 6, 2013, complaint noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Jue and Deputy City Attorney Theresa Mueller assured KQED that the problem was in the process of being addressed, both through a formal agreement between the city and the utility and through repairs, performed either by PG&E or SFPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A vast majority of them have already been fixed,” Jue explained. However, “There are some that are still remaining.” Meanwhile, cost recovery for damage to sewer lines is still the subject of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city made repairs to nearly 100 locations where sewer pipes were damaged by gas lines, incurring more than $1.2 million in costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Efforts to Raise Awareness About Cross Bores\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has issued tens of thousands of brochures to sewer districts, public works agencies, plumbers and equipment rental stores to raise awareness about \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/gaselectricsafety/sewercleaningsafety/index.page\">cross-bore safety concerns\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, public safety programs stress that property owners should be aware of the potential safety hazard caused by cross bores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK, someone’s sewer or toilet is backing up. Normally they just call the plumber. Now they’re saying, call the gas company first to make sure there’s not a cross bore,” said Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you or your plumber perform a repair to a sewer line outside of your foundation, call \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/diggingyard/callbeforeyoudig/index.page?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=811safedigging&gclid=CPOtxrO86MUCFY-TfgodJpgAZg\" target=\"_blank\">811\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto's Mayor Youth Video Corp made the video below about cross bores.\u003cbr>\nhttps://vimeo.com/48531246\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There were at least 18 serious accidents since 2002 resulting from 'cross-boring' in the U.S.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1433353511,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1584},"headData":{"title":"State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions | KQED","description":"There were at least 18 serious accidents since 2002 resulting from 'cross-boring' in the U.S.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10543975 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10543975","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/01/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors/","disqusTitle":"State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions","path":"/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The state is investigating a Pacific Gas & Electric Co. safety program -- a probe initiated after a member of Congress flagged a potential “safety threat that could lead to explosions,” KQED has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The probe by the California Public Utilities Commission concerns “cross bores,” which occur when an underground natural gas line pierces another utility line -- usually a sewer line -- below the soil surface. Cross bores can result when work crews use an installation technique that doesn’t involve digging a trench, which means they can't see whether pipeline damage has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright pullquote\">'These allegations suggested that deficiencies in the program were potentially a safety threat that could lead to explosions.' \u003ccite>Rep. Jackie Speier\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These unintended pipe intersections might go undetected for years without causing a problem. But some Bay Area cities have recently partnered with utility companies to launch repair efforts out of concern that they are dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s always the risk for gas explosions,” said Tyrone Jue, a spokesman for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, when asked about the safety hazard. “The [sewer] laterals would act like a vent, such that if there was a gas leak on that line, the gas could go up that lateral,” potentially traveling into a home or office space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This could happen if a line was damaged, triggering a gas leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been 18 accidents resulting from cross-boring in the United States since 2002, according to the Gas Technology Institute. Mark Bruce, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crossboresafety.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Cross Bore Safety Association\u003c/a>, said that's likely \"an understated number.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's impossible to know, because the Department of Transportation’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration\u003c/a> does not specifically track cross-bore accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You should be concerned, but not irrationally concerned because this is a fixable problem,\" said Bruce. \"It's going to take many years to get this done, because we've spent decades putting them in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Congresswoman Flags Safety Issue\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2014, Rep. Jackie Speier contacted the CPUC, flagging potential \"deficiencies\" in a PG&E program created to identify and repair cross bores. An email reference to her letter was buried among more than 65,000 emails included in some 123,000 documents PG&E was forced to release due to a lawsuit after the fatal 2010 pipeline explosion in San Bruno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208360183&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208360183'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Performed by utility contractors, PG&E’s cross-bore safety program entailed reaching out to individual property owners and running cameras through underground pipes, to be followed by any needed repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier (D-San Mateo) confirmed to KQED that she had contacted the CPUC Safety and Enforcement Division.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Allegations were brought to my attention that testing was sometimes done by unqualified personnel, that test results from some addresses may have been falsified or addresses slated for testing were eliminated without supporting evidence,” Speier explained in an email to KQED. “These allegations suggested that deficiencies in the program were potentially a safety threat that could lead to explosions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emails in July 2014 between a CPUC Safety and Enforcement Division official and PG&E -- in response to Speier's concerns --indicated that a CPUC investigator would be initiating contact with the utility. But the findings of this probe have yet to be disclosed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speier's letter to the CPUC contained an excerpt from a June 17, 2013, email between apparent contractors that had been shared with her office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a large number of addresses with potential cross bores [that were] never inspected,” says the excerpted email cited in Speier’s letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unnamed author requests PG&E involvement, noting, “I just don’t want to be asked the question of why an assigned address wasn’t inspected AFTER a cross bore in an uninspected address blows up. This is a very real and dangerous potential; in my humble perspective as an inspector in this program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/267077044/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_key=key-KMh4hcKk0nMTQRbaRyhh&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"0.7729220222793488\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_22473\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “large number of addresses” referenced in the June 2013 email provided by the whistleblower were slated for inspection in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CPUC spokeswoman Constance Gordon told KQED that the state investigation began in July 2014. \"Whistleblower complaints are always screened for immediate safety concerns and then assigned to an investigator, in this case in our Safety and Enforcement Division,\" she said. \"The investigation includes fact-gathering, code compliance and sufficient corrective actions as warranted by the specific case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “We cannot comment further until the investigation is completed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E responded to calls with a written statement saying that: \"As part of our commitment to the safety of our customers and the communities we serve, PG&E has deployed a comprehensive program to prevent, identify and repair cross bores throughout our natural gas system. We hold our employees and contractors to high standards and maintain a rigorous quality control process for this work. We are committed to cooperating fully with any reviews by our regulators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is facing criminal negligence charges for violating pipeline safety laws and obstructing justice in the case of the San Bruno transmission pipeline explosion, which killed eight people and destroyed 38 homes in September 2010. And two related investigations, one federal and state, focus on alleged improper communications with utility executives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cross-Bore Explosions Can Be Deadly\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 29, 1976, an explosion and fire destroyed a house in Kenosha, Wisconsin, killing Cletus Weston, 60, and his son, David, 26. Four other people were injured and two adjacent houses were also damaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that morning the Weston family had called a sewer cleaning company to remove a blockage. The cleaner inserted an auger into a 6-inch sewer lateral. But the auger struck and ruptured a 2-inch plastic gas main, even though the home was not served by natural gas. Quickly, gas flowed into the house through the sewer system and an explosion occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, the National Transportation Safety Board \u003ca href=\"http://www.crossboresafety.org/documents/NTSB%20Cross%20Bore%20Recommendation%2012November1976.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">disclosed\u003c/a> that the gas main had been installed by boring through the sewer lateral -- a cross bore. The explosion prompted the NTSB to issue a series of recommendations, including that “inspections [should be made] …. where gas mains and sewer laterals may be in proximity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it took decades, and more explosions, for many municipalities and utilities to begin searching for cross bores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cross Bores Discovered In Bay Area\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAccording to \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/doc/267081902/PG-E-s-Cross-Bore-Inspection-Program?secret_password=eYwZTAoOGpeYfzQPJhea\" target=\"_blank\">documents\u003c/a> from PG&E, there have been five \"near hits\" in San Francisco and the Peninsula since 2012 in which cross bores were damaged and gas was released. But they were fixed before any property damage occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers found 24 cross bores within four city blocks in Palo Alto, according to a document cited by PG&E and presented at the Northeast Gas Association. The City Council approved $3.8 million in 2011 to inspect sewer laterals and make repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10547039\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 639px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10547039\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png\" alt=\"Example of a cross bore.\" width=\"639\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1.png 639w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/4011_S_146th_St_Tukwila_CrossBorePhoto1-400x302.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a cross bore. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Cross Bore Safety Association)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Tyrone Jue noted that the SFPUC, the agency tasked with maintaining city sewer lines, was largely unaware of cross bores until its street crews uncovered them during routine maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[PG&E] had been doing the trenchless pipeline installation for a while, prior to us finding out about it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E later provided data suggesting that there were about 1,000 locations in the city where cross bores had occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scribd.com/doc/267071564/San-Francisco-Complaint-Against-PG-E\" target=\"_blank\">complaint\u003c/a> filed against PG&E by San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera suggests that there could be even more. “PG&E has identified thousands of additional locations where PG&E’s cross-bores might have caused damage to city sewer laterals,” Herrera’s June 6, 2013, complaint noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Jue and Deputy City Attorney Theresa Mueller assured KQED that the problem was in the process of being addressed, both through a formal agreement between the city and the utility and through repairs, performed either by PG&E or SFPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A vast majority of them have already been fixed,” Jue explained. However, “There are some that are still remaining.” Meanwhile, cost recovery for damage to sewer lines is still the subject of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city made repairs to nearly 100 locations where sewer pipes were damaged by gas lines, incurring more than $1.2 million in costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Efforts to Raise Awareness About Cross Bores\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has issued tens of thousands of brochures to sewer districts, public works agencies, plumbers and equipment rental stores to raise awareness about \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/gaselectricsafety/sewercleaningsafety/index.page\">cross-bore safety concerns\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, public safety programs stress that property owners should be aware of the potential safety hazard caused by cross bores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK, someone’s sewer or toilet is backing up. Normally they just call the plumber. Now they’re saying, call the gas company first to make sure there’s not a cross bore,” said Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you or your plumber perform a repair to a sewer line outside of your foundation, call \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/diggingyard/callbeforeyoudig/index.page?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=811safedigging&gclid=CPOtxrO86MUCFY-TfgodJpgAZg\" target=\"_blank\">811\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto's Mayor Youth Video Corp made the video below about cross bores.\u003cbr>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"vimeoLink","attributes":{"named":{"vimeoId":"48531246"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors","authors":["3231","199"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_1066","news_140","news_950","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_10544077","label":"news_72"},"news_22481":{"type":"posts","id":"news_22481","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"22481","score":null,"sort":[1301957515000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-next-for-san-bruno-families","title":"What's Next for San Bruno Families? ","publishDate":1301957515,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22490\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/SanBrunoONeils.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-22490\" title=\"SanBrunoONeils\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/SanBrunoONeils-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Siler/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED Reporter Tara Siler has covered the San Bruno gas pipeline story ever since explosion, more than seven months ago. A lot of her coverage has dealt with \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201102250850/a\">regulations\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201103150850/b\">oversight \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201103290850/a\">fines\u003c/a>. But her story that aired this morning on \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201104040850/a\">The California Report \u003c/a>focused on how people are deciding whether to stay and rebuild their lives and homes, or move away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can listen to Tara talk with Kelly Wilkinson about some of the personal reporting she did for the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio:http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/Kelly-Tara-San-Bruno.mp3|titles=Kelly Tara San Bruno]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1301957515,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":109},"headData":{"title":"What's Next for San Bruno Families? | KQED","description":"KQED Reporter Tara Siler has covered the San Bruno gas pipeline story ever since explosion, more than seven months ago. A lot of her coverage has dealt with regulations, oversight and fines. But her story that aired this morning on The California Report focused on how people are deciding whether to stay and rebuild their","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"22481 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=22481","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/04/04/whats-next-for-san-bruno-families/","disqusTitle":"What's Next for San Bruno Families? ","path":"/news/22481/whats-next-for-san-bruno-families","audioUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/files/2011/04/Kelly-Tara-San-Bruno.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22490\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/SanBrunoONeils.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-22490\" title=\"SanBrunoONeils\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/SanBrunoONeils-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Siler/KQED\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED Reporter Tara Siler has covered the San Bruno gas pipeline story ever since explosion, more than seven months ago. A lot of her coverage has dealt with \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201102250850/a\">regulations\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201103150850/b\">oversight \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201103290850/a\">fines\u003c/a>. But her story that aired this morning on \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201104040850/a\">The California Report \u003c/a>focused on how people are deciding whether to stay and rebuild their lives and homes, or move away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can listen to Tara talk with Kelly Wilkinson about some of the personal reporting she did for the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"label":":http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/Kelly-Tara-San-Bruno.mp3|titles=Kelly Tara San Bruno"},"numeric":[":http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/04/Kelly-Tara-San-Bruno.mp3|titles=Kelly","Tara","San","Bruno"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/22481/whats-next-for-san-bruno-families","authors":["41"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_950","news_930","news_1166"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_22423":{"type":"posts","id":"news_22423","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"22423","score":null,"sort":[1301938291000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"morning-splash-sf-parking-rate-experiment-cfl-lightbulbs-not-getting-recycled-will-state-lawmakers-keep-car-perks","title":"Morning Splash: SF Parking Rate Experiment; CFL Lightbulbs Not Getting Recycled; Will State Lawmakers Keep Car Perks?","publishDate":1301938291,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/04/02/BAV61INM5L.DTL&tsp=1\">San Francisco Parking Rates Set to Change\u003c/a> (SF Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO -- San Francisco drivers will be the focus of a nationally watched experiment to combat congestion and air pollution by regularly adjusting parking prices at curbside meters and public garages. If the city-run program, tentatively set to launch April 21, works as advertised, it will change not only the way motorists pay for parking, but also how they think about it…Rates at curbside meters in the project area will be adjusted block by block in an attempt to have at least one parking space available at any time on a given block.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/san-mateo-county/ci_17769040\">Feds Call on Industry to Repair Aging Pipelines\u003c/a> (AP/San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>ALLENTOWN, Pa. -- Federal transportation officials demanded Monday that pipeline companies speed up efforts to repair and replace aging oil and gas lines, saying recent deadly explosions in San Bruno and Pennsylvania highlight the urgent need for safety improvements.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2011/04/04/3525642/car-perk-will-get-scrutiny.html\">State Lawmakers’ Car Perk Faces Scrutiny\u003c/a> (Sacramento Bee)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>California is the only state that provides lawmakers with a car, gas and maintenance paid largely by taxpayers. The perk has withstood the recessionary economy and several rounds of budget-cutting, including $11.2 billion in measures the Legislature approved and Gov. Jerry Brown signed in March.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_17767140\">Santa Cruz Man Attacked at Giants Game in Coma\u003c/a> (Santa Cruz Sentinel)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- A Santa Cruz man assaulted at Dodger Stadium Thursday remained in a medically induced coma Sunday at a Los Angeles area hospital, a co-worker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan Stow, 42, was wearing Giants attire when he and two friends were heckled by several Dodgers fans while walking from the stadium to the parking lot after season opener between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the San Francisco Giants, Los Angeles police said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baycitizen.org/business/story/bay-area-networks-disarray/\">Bay Area Emergency Networks in Disarray\u003c/a> (Bay Citizen)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In the wake of the 9/11 attacks, government officials across the Bay Area scrambled to develop new emergency communications systems that would enable a coordinated response in the event of a major crisis. Federal dollars were available, and it seemed like an opportune moment to upgrade key infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade later, though, both of the big projects that eventually emerged — the East Bay Regional Communications System and the Bay Area Wireless Enhanced Broadband network — are in disarray, despite the commitment of more than $100 million in federal funds.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/04/04/MN3T1IOESJ.DTL\">Majority of Californians Optimistic About Healthcare Overhaul \u003c/a>(SF Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>One year after its enactment, most Californians continue to support the nation's health care overhaul law, even if they have yet to see any personal benefits, according to a Field Poll being released today.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/top-stories/ci_17768378?nclick_check=1\">Southwest Cancels More Flights, Bay Area Airports Affected \u003c/a>(San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Southwest Airlines on Monday announced it expects to cancel about 70 flights out of its 3,400-plus scheduled departures Monday, stemming from a fuselage problem Friday afternoon that affected a Sacramento-bound flight where a panel of the roof ripped off. Monday, Southwest flight boards in the Bay Area showed three flights to-and-from Mineta San Jose International Airport were canceled, three flights leaving Oakland International Airport to Houston, Burbank and Alburqueque were canceled, and one flight out of San Francisco International Airport was also canceled.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baycitizen.org/media/story/chronicle-charge-online-content/\">SF Chronicle to Charge for Online Content \u003c/a>(Bay Citizen)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Hearst Corporation is considering a paywall for \u003ca href=\"http://sfgate.com/\" target=\"_blank\">sfgate.com\u003c/a>, the online portal of the San Francisco Chronicle, as part of a broad, new digital strategy for the paper, according to Chronicle staffers who have been briefed on the company’s plans… While many specifics of the plan — including the monthly subscription fee and exact mix of paywall and embargoed stories — could not be confirmed, newsroom employees said that access to \u003ca href=\"http://sfgate.com/\" target=\"_blank\">sfgate.com\u003c/a> stories for nonsubscribers would be sharply curtailed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.insidebayarea.com/top-stories/ci_17760136\">Mercury in CLF Lightbulbs Not Getting Recycled\u003c/a> (Contra Costa Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The nation's accelerating shift from incandescent bulbs to a new generation of energy-efficient lighting is raising an environmental concern -- the release of tons of mercury every year. The most popular new light -- the curly cue, compact fluorescent light bulbs, or CFLs -- account for a quarter of new bulb sales and each contains up to 5 milligrams of mercury, a potent neurotoxin that's on the worst-offending list of environmental contaminants…yet only about 2 percent of residential consumers and one-third of businesses recycle them, according to the Association of Lighting and Mercury Recyclers.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1301938291,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":746},"headData":{"title":"Morning Splash: SF Parking Rate Experiment; CFL Lightbulbs Not Getting Recycled; Will State Lawmakers Keep Car Perks? | KQED","description":"San Francisco Parking Rates Set to Change (SF Chronicle) SAN FRANCISCO -- San Francisco drivers will be the focus of a nationally watched experiment to combat congestion and air pollution by regularly adjusting parking prices at curbside meters and public garages. If the city-run program, tentatively set to launch April 21, works as advertised, it","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"22423 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=22423","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/04/04/morning-splash-sf-parking-rate-experiment-cfl-lightbulbs-not-getting-recycled-will-state-lawmakers-keep-car-perks/","disqusTitle":"Morning Splash: SF Parking Rate Experiment; CFL Lightbulbs Not Getting Recycled; Will State Lawmakers Keep Car Perks?","path":"/news/22423/morning-splash-sf-parking-rate-experiment-cfl-lightbulbs-not-getting-recycled-will-state-lawmakers-keep-car-perks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/04/02/BAV61INM5L.DTL&tsp=1\">San Francisco Parking Rates Set to Change\u003c/a> (SF Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>SAN FRANCISCO -- San Francisco drivers will be the focus of a nationally watched experiment to combat congestion and air pollution by regularly adjusting parking prices at curbside meters and public garages. If the city-run program, tentatively set to launch April 21, works as advertised, it will change not only the way motorists pay for parking, but also how they think about it…Rates at curbside meters in the project area will be adjusted block by block in an attempt to have at least one parking space available at any time on a given block.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/san-mateo-county/ci_17769040\">Feds Call on Industry to Repair Aging Pipelines\u003c/a> (AP/San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>ALLENTOWN, Pa. -- Federal transportation officials demanded Monday that pipeline companies speed up efforts to repair and replace aging oil and gas lines, saying recent deadly explosions in San Bruno and Pennsylvania highlight the urgent need for safety improvements.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2011/04/04/3525642/car-perk-will-get-scrutiny.html\">State Lawmakers’ Car Perk Faces Scrutiny\u003c/a> (Sacramento Bee)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>California is the only state that provides lawmakers with a car, gas and maintenance paid largely by taxpayers. The perk has withstood the recessionary economy and several rounds of budget-cutting, including $11.2 billion in measures the Legislature approved and Gov. Jerry Brown signed in March.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_17767140\">Santa Cruz Man Attacked at Giants Game in Coma\u003c/a> (Santa Cruz Sentinel)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES -- A Santa Cruz man assaulted at Dodger Stadium Thursday remained in a medically induced coma Sunday at a Los Angeles area hospital, a co-worker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan Stow, 42, was wearing Giants attire when he and two friends were heckled by several Dodgers fans while walking from the stadium to the parking lot after season opener between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the San Francisco Giants, Los Angeles police said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baycitizen.org/business/story/bay-area-networks-disarray/\">Bay Area Emergency Networks in Disarray\u003c/a> (Bay Citizen)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>In the wake of the 9/11 attacks, government officials across the Bay Area scrambled to develop new emergency communications systems that would enable a coordinated response in the event of a major crisis. Federal dollars were available, and it seemed like an opportune moment to upgrade key infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade later, though, both of the big projects that eventually emerged — the East Bay Regional Communications System and the Bay Area Wireless Enhanced Broadband network — are in disarray, despite the commitment of more than $100 million in federal funds.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/04/04/MN3T1IOESJ.DTL\">Majority of Californians Optimistic About Healthcare Overhaul \u003c/a>(SF Chronicle)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>One year after its enactment, most Californians continue to support the nation's health care overhaul law, even if they have yet to see any personal benefits, according to a Field Poll being released today.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/top-stories/ci_17768378?nclick_check=1\">Southwest Cancels More Flights, Bay Area Airports Affected \u003c/a>(San Jose Mercury News)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Southwest Airlines on Monday announced it expects to cancel about 70 flights out of its 3,400-plus scheduled departures Monday, stemming from a fuselage problem Friday afternoon that affected a Sacramento-bound flight where a panel of the roof ripped off. Monday, Southwest flight boards in the Bay Area showed three flights to-and-from Mineta San Jose International Airport were canceled, three flights leaving Oakland International Airport to Houston, Burbank and Alburqueque were canceled, and one flight out of San Francisco International Airport was also canceled.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.baycitizen.org/media/story/chronicle-charge-online-content/\">SF Chronicle to Charge for Online Content \u003c/a>(Bay Citizen)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The Hearst Corporation is considering a paywall for \u003ca href=\"http://sfgate.com/\" target=\"_blank\">sfgate.com\u003c/a>, the online portal of the San Francisco Chronicle, as part of a broad, new digital strategy for the paper, according to Chronicle staffers who have been briefed on the company’s plans… While many specifics of the plan — including the monthly subscription fee and exact mix of paywall and embargoed stories — could not be confirmed, newsroom employees said that access to \u003ca href=\"http://sfgate.com/\" target=\"_blank\">sfgate.com\u003c/a> stories for nonsubscribers would be sharply curtailed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.insidebayarea.com/top-stories/ci_17760136\">Mercury in CLF Lightbulbs Not Getting Recycled\u003c/a> (Contra Costa Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The nation's accelerating shift from incandescent bulbs to a new generation of energy-efficient lighting is raising an environmental concern -- the release of tons of mercury every year. The most popular new light -- the curly cue, compact fluorescent light bulbs, or CFLs -- account for a quarter of new bulb sales and each contains up to 5 milligrams of mercury, a potent neurotoxin that's on the worst-offending list of environmental contaminants…yet only about 2 percent of residential consumers and one-third of businesses recycle them, according to the Association of Lighting and Mercury Recyclers.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/22423/morning-splash-sf-parking-rate-experiment-cfl-lightbulbs-not-getting-recycled-will-state-lawmakers-keep-car-perks","authors":["41"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_1159","news_950","news_382","news_930"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_18378":{"type":"posts","id":"news_18378","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"18378","score":null,"sort":[1299085211000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-bruno-hearings-day-1-safety-valves-and-a-document-trove","title":"\"Duration of Fire\" Called Inconsquential in PG&E Memo Rejecting Shut-Off Valves","publishDate":1299085211,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board began three days of hearings yesterday on last September's natural gas pipeline disaster in San Bruno. Highlights of the first day's testimony center on PG&E's admission that after a 2006 review of automatic and remotely operated pipeline-shutoff valves, it decided that the devices wouldn't do much to protect life or property and that it didn't need to install them. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That judgment came in a memo from PG&E senior consulting engineer Chih-Hung Lee, who was setting out proposed guidelines for the utility in response to a federal law (\u003ca href=\"http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2009/octqtr/pdf/49cfr192.935.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">CFR 49 Section 192.935\u003c/a>) that directed pipeline operators to \"take additional measures beyond those already required ... to prevent a pipeline failure and to mitigate the consequences of a pipeline failure in a high-consequence area.\" (High-consequence area? Essentially, that's anywhere a pipeline might pose a risk to human life or important infrastructure. The San Bruno neighborhood where PG&E Line 132 exploded and burned was a high-consequence area.)\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nMore specifically, Section 192.935, Paragraph (c) reads: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Automatic shut-off valves (ASV) or Remote control valves (RCV)\u003c/em>. If an operator determines, based on a risk analysis, that an ASV or RCV would be an efficient means of adding protection to a high consequence area in the event of a gas release, an operator must install the ASV or RCV. In making that determination, an operator must, at least, consider the following factors—swiftness of leak detection and pipe shutdown capabilities, the type of gas being transported, operating pressure, the rate of potential release, pipeline profile, the potential for ignition, and location of nearest response personnel. \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Lee's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/460475.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">findings\u003c/a> were based on a review of seven industry reports on the issue of the cost and effectiveness of automated or remote shutoff valves. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on his reading, Lee reported that most damage from a pipeline rupture \"occurs immediately (within 30 seconds) from the initial loss of containment.\" That led him to write that \"the duration of fire [following a pipeline failure] has little or nothing to do with human safety and property damage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee concluded by repeating that statement and suggesting the company's policy should be to prevent pipeline failures through better design and construction methods and a more thorough and vigilant safety campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't appear that Lee's memo includes any explicit consideration of the factors set out in the federal law—\"swiftness of leak detection,\" \"pipe shutdown capabilities,\" \"operating pressure,\" \"the rate of potential release,\" and \"location of nearest response personnel\" all have drawn attention as actual or possible problem areas in PG&E's response to the San Bruno disaster\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Lee's memo drew an angry and astonished reaction from San Bruno Mayor Jim Ruane, who recalled watching the paint melt off one of the city's fire trucks as the September 9 pipeline fire burned uncontrolled for more than 90 minutes. Rep. Jackie Speier, whose district includes San Bruno, called the Lee memo \"absolutely outrageous.\" She has already \u003ca href=\"http://speier.house.gov/index.cfm?sectionid=48§iontree=46,48&itemid=648\" target=\"_blank\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to require installation of automatic or remote shutoff valves near populated areas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can read Lee's memo yourself: It's NTSB Exhibit 2Q: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/460475.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Senior Consulting Engineer RMP-06 Memo to File and Supporting Documents\u003c/a>, one of nearly 200 San Bruno documents, images, and video files the safety board made public today as part of its investigation (see the\u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> List of Contents\u003c/a>). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links to more coverage of today's hearings: \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/top-stories/ci_17510209?nclick_check=1\" target=\"_blank\">PG&E officials grilled about automatic shutoff valves \u003c/a>(San Jose Mercury News)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/BAQ01I15AG.DTL\" target=\"_blank\">Feds grill PG&E on why San Bruno gas kept flowing\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/BAEI1I1OK2.DTL\" target=\"_blank\">San Bruno pipe probably pieced together from scrap\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/MNIG1I1EB4.DTL&tsp=1\" target=\"_blank\">Chaotic first minutes after San Bruno blast\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_17514619\">Confusion and chaos at PG&E on night of San Bruno explosion\u003c/a> (San Jose Mercury News\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1299102772,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":653},"headData":{"title":"\"Duration of Fire\" Called Inconsquential in PG&E Memo Rejecting Shut-Off Valves | KQED","description":"The National Transportation Safety Board began three days of hearings yesterday on last September's natural gas pipeline disaster in San Bruno. Highlights of the first day's testimony center on PG&E's admission that after a 2006 review of automatic and remotely operated pipeline-shutoff valves, it decided that the devices wouldn't do much to protect life or","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"18378 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=18378","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/03/02/san-bruno-hearings-day-1-safety-valves-and-a-document-trove/","disqusTitle":"\"Duration of Fire\" Called Inconsquential in PG&E Memo Rejecting Shut-Off Valves","path":"/news/18378/san-bruno-hearings-day-1-safety-valves-and-a-document-trove","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board began three days of hearings yesterday on last September's natural gas pipeline disaster in San Bruno. Highlights of the first day's testimony center on PG&E's admission that after a 2006 review of automatic and remotely operated pipeline-shutoff valves, it decided that the devices wouldn't do much to protect life or property and that it didn't need to install them. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That judgment came in a memo from PG&E senior consulting engineer Chih-Hung Lee, who was setting out proposed guidelines for the utility in response to a federal law (\u003ca href=\"http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2009/octqtr/pdf/49cfr192.935.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">CFR 49 Section 192.935\u003c/a>) that directed pipeline operators to \"take additional measures beyond those already required ... to prevent a pipeline failure and to mitigate the consequences of a pipeline failure in a high-consequence area.\" (High-consequence area? Essentially, that's anywhere a pipeline might pose a risk to human life or important infrastructure. The San Bruno neighborhood where PG&E Line 132 exploded and burned was a high-consequence area.)\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nMore specifically, Section 192.935, Paragraph (c) reads: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>\"Automatic shut-off valves (ASV) or Remote control valves (RCV)\u003c/em>. If an operator determines, based on a risk analysis, that an ASV or RCV would be an efficient means of adding protection to a high consequence area in the event of a gas release, an operator must install the ASV or RCV. In making that determination, an operator must, at least, consider the following factors—swiftness of leak detection and pipe shutdown capabilities, the type of gas being transported, operating pressure, the rate of potential release, pipeline profile, the potential for ignition, and location of nearest response personnel. \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Lee's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/460475.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">findings\u003c/a> were based on a review of seven industry reports on the issue of the cost and effectiveness of automated or remote shutoff valves. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on his reading, Lee reported that most damage from a pipeline rupture \"occurs immediately (within 30 seconds) from the initial loss of containment.\" That led him to write that \"the duration of fire [following a pipeline failure] has little or nothing to do with human safety and property damage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee concluded by repeating that statement and suggesting the company's policy should be to prevent pipeline failures through better design and construction methods and a more thorough and vigilant safety campaign. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't appear that Lee's memo includes any explicit consideration of the factors set out in the federal law—\"swiftness of leak detection,\" \"pipe shutdown capabilities,\" \"operating pressure,\" \"the rate of potential release,\" and \"location of nearest response personnel\" all have drawn attention as actual or possible problem areas in PG&E's response to the San Bruno disaster\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Lee's memo drew an angry and astonished reaction from San Bruno Mayor Jim Ruane, who recalled watching the paint melt off one of the city's fire trucks as the September 9 pipeline fire burned uncontrolled for more than 90 minutes. Rep. Jackie Speier, whose district includes San Bruno, called the Lee memo \"absolutely outrageous.\" She has already \u003ca href=\"http://speier.house.gov/index.cfm?sectionid=48§iontree=46,48&itemid=648\" target=\"_blank\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> to require installation of automatic or remote shutoff valves near populated areas.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can read Lee's memo yourself: It's NTSB Exhibit 2Q: \u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/460475.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Senior Consulting Engineer RMP-06 Memo to File and Supporting Documents\u003c/a>, one of nearly 200 San Bruno documents, images, and video files the safety board made public today as part of its investigation (see the\u003ca href=\"http://www.ntsb.gov/Dockets/PipeLine/DCA10MP008/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> List of Contents\u003c/a>). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links to more coverage of today's hearings: \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/top-stories/ci_17510209?nclick_check=1\" target=\"_blank\">PG&E officials grilled about automatic shutoff valves \u003c/a>(San Jose Mercury News)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/BAQ01I15AG.DTL\" target=\"_blank\">Feds grill PG&E on why San Bruno gas kept flowing\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/BAEI1I1OK2.DTL\" target=\"_blank\">San Bruno pipe probably pieced together from scrap\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/03/01/MNIG1I1EB4.DTL&tsp=1\" target=\"_blank\">Chaotic first minutes after San Bruno blast\u003c/a> (San Francisco Chronicle)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_17514619\">Confusion and chaos at PG&E on night of San Bruno explosion\u003c/a> (San Jose Mercury News\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/18378/san-bruno-hearings-day-1-safety-valves-and-a-document-trove","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906"],"tags":["news_952","news_949","news_413","news_140","news_950","news_930","news_954"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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