Safety, Competition Concerns Raised Over Proposed Sale of Major California Oil Pipeline
Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License
CPUC Says PG&E Violated Federal Safety Rules in East Bay Gas Outage
Our Backyard Oil Spills
After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline
Sponsored
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He graduated from Oberlin College in Ohio in 1998.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/16d702c9ec5f696d78dbfb76b592cf0a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"TedrickG","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ted Goldberg | KQED","description":"KQED Senior Editor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/16d702c9ec5f696d78dbfb76b592cf0a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/16d702c9ec5f696d78dbfb76b592cf0a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/tgoldberg"},"markfiore":{"type":"authors","id":"3236","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3236","found":true},"name":"Mark Fiore","firstName":"Mark","lastName":"Fiore","slug":"markfiore","email":"mark@markfiore.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED News Cartoonist","bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"MarkFiore","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mark Fiore | KQED","description":"KQED News Cartoonist","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/markfiore"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal 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FM","link":"/"}},"news_11752024":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11752024","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11752024","score":null,"sort":[1561383012000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"industry-safety-advocates-raise-concerns-over-sale-of-large-california-oil-pipeline","title":"Safety, Competition Concerns Raised Over Proposed Sale of Major California Oil Pipeline","publishDate":1561383012,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes a correction (see end of text). \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A leading safety expert says California regulators should give careful scrutiny to the proposed purchase of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum to several Bay Area oil refineries because of the prospective buyer's record of oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal has also drawn widespread concern from California energy companies, which have told regulators that the sale of the Shell Oil pipeline system to Long Beach-based Crimson Pipeline could harm them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson has proposed buying the Shell system, one of three pipeline networks that carry crude oil from Central California oil fields to the Bay Area, for at least $120 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson already owns one of the pipeline systems, and industry groups say that the sale would allow the company to dominate the transportation of crude to refineries in Contra Costa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission has begun reviewing the proposed sale, a process that could take between several months to more than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the nation's top pipeline safety experts said he's concerned about the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://pstrust.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pipeline Safety Trust\u003c/a>, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, said the CPUC should carefully review Crimson's recent safety history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the regulators would want to get some assurance that Crimson has the ability to operate and maintain a pipeline that's already been somewhat problematic,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Shell's management, the pipeline ruptured in 2015 and 2016, releasing tens of thousands of gallons of oil in eastern Alameda County and causing millions of dollars in damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills prompted California's fire marshal, for the first time, to call on a pipeline operator \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to replace about 12 miles of the line\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weimer pointed to recent data from the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration as demonstrating potential concern about Crimson's operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the metrics PHMSA uses to compare how much oil a pipeline spills is \"barrel miles.\" Each barrel mile represents one barrel of oil transported 1 mile in a pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By that measure -- the number of barrels spilled per billion barrel miles -- PHMSA says Crimson had the nation's second-highest three-year average of oil spilled. The agency data included spills from 2016 through 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/communities/ventura/2018/12/22/crimson-pipeline-oil-spill-ventura-spurs-homeowner-lawsuits/2318377002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a Crimson line ruptured\u003c/a>, spilling 45,000 gallons of crude in Ventura. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-live-updates-oil-spill-ventura-crimson-pipeline-has-history-of-spills-1466709978-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> reported the company had recorded 10 spills in the previous decade, totaling 313,000 gallons and causing close to $6 million in property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weimer said the CPUC should require Crimson to explain its record of spills. He added that regulators should consider how the Shell pipeline system works when assessing Crimson's purchase proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Shell pipeline carries crude that's heated and pushed through at different pressures, two factors that raise safety challenges, according to Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's pipeline problems arose \"because of those two exact things,\" Weimer said. \"They need to make sure that Crimson has the ability to deal with those types of issues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Crimson did not respond to a request for comment on industry and safety concerns tied to the proposed sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sale Raises Industry Concerns\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell and Crimson announced the pipeline deal in January. Crimson, which owns \u003ca href=\"https://www.crimsonmidstream.com/pipeline-locations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">several other lines\u003c/a> in California and Louisiana, \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M281/K395/281395615.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed paperwork\u003c/a> in April asking the CPUC to approve the sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That centerpiece of the deal is the San Pablo Bay Pipeline, a 177-mile system that runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the Shell and Marathon refineries in Martinez and Valero in Benicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Pablo Bay system is one of three pipelines that bring crude oil to Bay Area refineries. Crimson already owns a line known as the KLM pipeline, and Phillips 66 runs a pipeline that brings crude from Kern County to its refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson says in its CPUC filing its plan to buy the Shell line is in the public interest, would benefit producers and refineries, and would not harm competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it wants to sell its pipelines in California because they \"are not a strategic fit in its portfolio,\" company spokesman Ray Fisher said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11754005/shell-to-sell-martinez-refinery-for-1-billion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreed to sell its Martinez refinery\u003c/a> to PBF Energy, a large independent refining company, for up to $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil Giants That Run Bay Area Refineries Want Assurances\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero Energy Co., which has a major refinery in Benicia, and Marathon Petroleum, which owns the old Tesoro refinery (formerly known as the Golden Eagle refinery) in Martinez, have filed \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M294/K815/294815760.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">official protests\u003c/a> with the CPUC over the sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The major oil companies, referred to as \"joint shippers\" in their CPUC filing, say they fear Crimson will charge them more than Shell currently does to transport crude to their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Joint shippers respectfully urge the commission to direct Crimson to provide, and to carefully review, Crimson's financial books and records to properly assess whether Crimson is economically equipped to acquire yet another large pipeline infrastructure,\" the companies wrote to the CPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero and Marathon say they want assurances that Crimson will continue to provide heated crude to Bay Area refineries, as Shell has been doing. The also want to know whether the company plans to consolidate what would be its two lines between the Central Valley and Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero and Marathon declined comment beyond the public filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Independent Producers Protest Deal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A trade association representing 500 independent crude oil and natural gas producers and other companies \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M290/K324/290324430.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has also filed a protest\u003c/a> with the CPUC over the proposed sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By any measure, Crimson will have substantial market power over a critical pipeline for California petroleum resources,\" said the filing from the California Independent Petroleum Association. The group said it represents about 70% of the state's oil producers and 90% of its natural gas producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association wants to be assured that if the sale goes through, its members rates won't change for at least five years. It expressed worries that if Crimson were to shut down one of the two main pipelines, some of its members would be forced to truck their product to Bay Area refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those concerns may be tied to a change in oil production in the last couple of decades: Oil producers are pumping out less oil, and both the Shell and KLM lines are carrying less crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Much of the active pipeline capacity out of the San Joaquin Valley is unfilled,\" Crimson said in its filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That can have a negative effect on line performance. If a pipeline has too little oil, the fuel can solidify and damage the line. Operators heat the crude petroleum to avoid that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like trying to move cold honey through a pipeline. It won't move if it's cold. You need to keep it warm enough to keep it moving,\" said the Pipeline Safety Trust's Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIPA CEO Rock Zierman says his association supports the deal -- his association just wants to make sure its members don't lose out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is of significant interest to CIPA members that the transaction results in fair and reasonable rates and competitive conditions of operation for California's petroleum pipelines,\" Zierman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The goal of the protest is for the CPUC to grant 'party status' to CIPA, so that independent producers can ensure their interests are heard during the transaction process,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> This story originally reported that Shell Oil's pipeline carries crude petroleum to Chevron's Richmond refinery, information included in Crimson's application to the CPUC. However, Chevron says the Richmond facility gets crude only by ship, through the refinery's marine terminal.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Shell Oil pipeline, which carries crude to Bay Area refineries, has a history of recent spills. So does the firm that wants to buy it. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1561510699,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1318},"headData":{"title":"Safety, Competition Concerns Raised Over Proposed Sale of Major California Oil Pipeline | KQED","description":"Shell Oil pipeline, which carries crude to Bay Area refineries, has a history of recent spills. So does the firm that wants to buy it. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Safety, Competition Concerns Raised Over Proposed Sale of Major California Oil Pipeline","datePublished":"2019-06-24T13:30:12.000Z","dateModified":"2019-06-26T00:58:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11752024 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11752024","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/06/24/industry-safety-advocates-raise-concerns-over-sale-of-large-california-oil-pipeline/","disqusTitle":"Safety, Competition Concerns Raised Over Proposed Sale of Major California Oil Pipeline","path":"/news/11752024/industry-safety-advocates-raise-concerns-over-sale-of-large-california-oil-pipeline","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes a correction (see end of text). \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A leading safety expert says California regulators should give careful scrutiny to the proposed purchase of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum to several Bay Area oil refineries because of the prospective buyer's record of oil spills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal has also drawn widespread concern from California energy companies, which have told regulators that the sale of the Shell Oil pipeline system to Long Beach-based Crimson Pipeline could harm them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson has proposed buying the Shell system, one of three pipeline networks that carry crude oil from Central California oil fields to the Bay Area, for at least $120 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson already owns one of the pipeline systems, and industry groups say that the sale would allow the company to dominate the transportation of crude to refineries in Contra Costa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission has begun reviewing the proposed sale, a process that could take between several months to more than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the nation's top pipeline safety experts said he's concerned about the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://pstrust.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pipeline Safety Trust\u003c/a>, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, said the CPUC should carefully review Crimson's recent safety history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the regulators would want to get some assurance that Crimson has the ability to operate and maintain a pipeline that's already been somewhat problematic,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Shell's management, the pipeline ruptured in 2015 and 2016, releasing tens of thousands of gallons of oil in eastern Alameda County and causing millions of dollars in damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills prompted California's fire marshal, for the first time, to call on a pipeline operator \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to replace about 12 miles of the line\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weimer pointed to recent data from the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration as demonstrating potential concern about Crimson's operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the metrics PHMSA uses to compare how much oil a pipeline spills is \"barrel miles.\" Each barrel mile represents one barrel of oil transported 1 mile in a pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By that measure -- the number of barrels spilled per billion barrel miles -- PHMSA says Crimson had the nation's second-highest three-year average of oil spilled. The agency data included spills from 2016 through 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/communities/ventura/2018/12/22/crimson-pipeline-oil-spill-ventura-spurs-homeowner-lawsuits/2318377002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a Crimson line ruptured\u003c/a>, spilling 45,000 gallons of crude in Ventura. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-live-updates-oil-spill-ventura-crimson-pipeline-has-history-of-spills-1466709978-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> reported the company had recorded 10 spills in the previous decade, totaling 313,000 gallons and causing close to $6 million in property damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weimer said the CPUC should require Crimson to explain its record of spills. He added that regulators should consider how the Shell pipeline system works when assessing Crimson's purchase proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Shell pipeline carries crude that's heated and pushed through at different pressures, two factors that raise safety challenges, according to Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell's pipeline problems arose \"because of those two exact things,\" Weimer said. \"They need to make sure that Crimson has the ability to deal with those types of issues.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Crimson did not respond to a request for comment on industry and safety concerns tied to the proposed sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sale Raises Industry Concerns\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell and Crimson announced the pipeline deal in January. Crimson, which owns \u003ca href=\"https://www.crimsonmidstream.com/pipeline-locations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">several other lines\u003c/a> in California and Louisiana, \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M281/K395/281395615.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed paperwork\u003c/a> in April asking the CPUC to approve the sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That centerpiece of the deal is the San Pablo Bay Pipeline, a 177-mile system that runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the Shell and Marathon refineries in Martinez and Valero in Benicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Pablo Bay system is one of three pipelines that bring crude oil to Bay Area refineries. Crimson already owns a line known as the KLM pipeline, and Phillips 66 runs a pipeline that brings crude from Kern County to its refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crimson says in its CPUC filing its plan to buy the Shell line is in the public interest, would benefit producers and refineries, and would not harm competition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it wants to sell its pipelines in California because they \"are not a strategic fit in its portfolio,\" company spokesman Ray Fisher said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11754005/shell-to-sell-martinez-refinery-for-1-billion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">agreed to sell its Martinez refinery\u003c/a> to PBF Energy, a large independent refining company, for up to $1 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oil Giants That Run Bay Area Refineries Want Assurances\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero Energy Co., which has a major refinery in Benicia, and Marathon Petroleum, which owns the old Tesoro refinery (formerly known as the Golden Eagle refinery) in Martinez, have filed \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M294/K815/294815760.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">official protests\u003c/a> with the CPUC over the sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The major oil companies, referred to as \"joint shippers\" in their CPUC filing, say they fear Crimson will charge them more than Shell currently does to transport crude to their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Joint shippers respectfully urge the commission to direct Crimson to provide, and to carefully review, Crimson's financial books and records to properly assess whether Crimson is economically equipped to acquire yet another large pipeline infrastructure,\" the companies wrote to the CPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero and Marathon say they want assurances that Crimson will continue to provide heated crude to Bay Area refineries, as Shell has been doing. The also want to know whether the company plans to consolidate what would be its two lines between the Central Valley and Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero and Marathon declined comment beyond the public filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Independent Producers Protest Deal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A trade association representing 500 independent crude oil and natural gas producers and other companies \u003ca href=\"http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000/M290/K324/290324430.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has also filed a protest\u003c/a> with the CPUC over the proposed sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By any measure, Crimson will have substantial market power over a critical pipeline for California petroleum resources,\" said the filing from the California Independent Petroleum Association. The group said it represents about 70% of the state's oil producers and 90% of its natural gas producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association wants to be assured that if the sale goes through, its members rates won't change for at least five years. It expressed worries that if Crimson were to shut down one of the two main pipelines, some of its members would be forced to truck their product to Bay Area refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those concerns may be tied to a change in oil production in the last couple of decades: Oil producers are pumping out less oil, and both the Shell and KLM lines are carrying less crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Much of the active pipeline capacity out of the San Joaquin Valley is unfilled,\" Crimson said in its filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That can have a negative effect on line performance. If a pipeline has too little oil, the fuel can solidify and damage the line. Operators heat the crude petroleum to avoid that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like trying to move cold honey through a pipeline. It won't move if it's cold. You need to keep it warm enough to keep it moving,\" said the Pipeline Safety Trust's Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIPA CEO Rock Zierman says his association supports the deal -- his association just wants to make sure its members don't lose out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is of significant interest to CIPA members that the transaction results in fair and reasonable rates and competitive conditions of operation for California's petroleum pipelines,\" Zierman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The goal of the protest is for the CPUC to grant 'party status' to CIPA, so that independent producers can ensure their interests are heard during the transaction process,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> This story originally reported that Shell Oil's pipeline carries crude petroleum to Chevron's Richmond refinery, information included in Crimson's application to the CPUC. However, Chevron says the Richmond facility gets crude only by ship, through the refinery's marine terminal.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11752024/industry-safety-advocates-raise-concerns-over-sale-of-large-california-oil-pipeline","authors":["258"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_19542","news_21390","news_21393","news_20456"],"featImg":"news_10974514","label":"news_72"},"news_11725622":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11725622","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11725622","score":null,"sort":[1550217669000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","title":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License","publishDate":1550217669,"format":"image","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California regulators say a New Jersey telecommunications company tasked with installing fiber optic cables in San Francisco's Inner Richmond neighborhood — a job linked to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">natural gas pipeline explosion\u003c/a> last week — did not have a state contractor's license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advanced Fiber Works, a subcontractor on the project, specializes in fiber optics construction and activation. However, it does not have a license in California and there's no record that it has applied for one, according Rick Lopes, a spokesman for the Contractors State License Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was granted a \u003ca href=\"https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=04233536-25545873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business license\u003c/a> by the California Secretary of State's office on Jan. 29. Verizon's permit from San Francisco Public Works indicated the Geary Boulevard project was to begin on that date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several days later Advanced Fiber Works notified merchants and residents in the area that it was preparing to do work at the site and that they should get ready for noise and other disruptions from the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please be advised that we will be starting some excavation work in the road outside your building. We are installing fiber optic conduit,\" states the flier written with Advanced Fiber Works letterhead but with the contact information for another subcontractor on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the people who received those notices had to evacuate from their stores and homes on Feb. 6, when crews dug into a four-inch PG&E pipeline at Geary Boulevard and Parker Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly flammable gas burst from the rupture, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">caught fire\u003c/a> and sent a column of flames soaring 50 feet into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-alarm blaze burned for more than two hours as PG&E crews struggled to cut off the flow of gas at the site. The fire gutted a restaurant, damaged several other buildings and prompted investigations by the National Transportation Safety Board, the California Public Utilities Commission, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health and the San Francisco Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisors Catherine Stefani and Sandra Lee Fewer called for a hearing to review the incident and asked that representatives of several agencies speak before the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to ensure that contractors conducting work on our streets maintain the highest standards and meet all safety requirements at the federal, state and local level,\" Stefani said before the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11724415\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg 5395w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1200x787.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1920x1260.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5395px) 100vw, 5395px\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10829492/s-f-officials-upheld-in-firing-of-construction-firm-involved-in-gas-line-breaks\">S.F. Officials Upheld in Firing of Construction Firm Involved in Gas Line Breaks\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors\">State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Part of the investigations into the explosion will be aimed at determining the plans and delegation of work for the fiber optic installation that spanned six blocks of Geary between Parker Avenue and Emerson Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project involved several companies in four states. Telecommunications giant Verizon applied for and received a permit from the city for the installation. Verizon then hired MasTec, a Florida infrastructure engineering firm, as its main contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MasTec, in turn, contracted with Advanced Fiber Works, which hired a recently created San Francisco company — Kilford Engineering — for part of the construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Advanced Fiber Works disputed the idea that it was doing physical work on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The work being performed at the job-site had been subcontracted to Kilford Engineering, a state- and city-licensed contractor with many years of experience in underground cable installation. AFW had no employees on site at the time of the incident nor was it performing any physical work associated with the project. At no point was AFW responsible for assigning or providing employees to the job site,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Weiner, a representative for Advanced Fiber Works, said the project was the first the two firms had worked together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weiner did not answer repeated questions about what actual work AFW was tasked with on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11724205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11724205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/IMG_1599-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Raquel Maria Dillon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An employee for Kilford Engineering was driving the excavator that struck the underground natural gas pipeline that ruptured, according to Frank Polizzi, a spokesman for Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polizzi said Kilford was hired to dig a trench, install conduit and seal up the excavation. AFW was supposed to eventually snake cables through the conduit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA is currently investigating Kilford Engineering in connection with the explosion — not the other firms involved in the work, Polizzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kilford Engineering, which obtained its state business and contractors licenses late last year, issued a statement through a communications firm in Cleveland, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is important to note that no cause of the fire has been established and any speculation to the contrary undermines the integrity of this investigation, which must be given time to reveal answers as to what occurred,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopes, the spokesman for the contractors board, said if AFW was involved in physically installing communication lines, the contractor would be in violation of state regulations requiring a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cslb.ca.gov/About_Us/Library/Licensing_Classifications/C-7_-_Low_Voltage_Systems_Contractor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C-7\u003c/a> license to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verizon has not answered questions about the incident since it issued a statement hours after the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for MasTec has not answered questions about the role AFW played on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, NTSB investigators have focused on PG&E's actions. Last Friday, officials with the federal agency said they were trying to find out how long it took PG&E to shut off the gas after the line was broken. Federal investigators planned to secure several feet of the ruptured pipeline and possibly send it to a lab for more analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokeswoman declined to name the contractor that contacted the utility to determine where gas lines were in the area. PG&E has said that it marked the location of the lines before work began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Weiss, a spokesman for the NTSB, said the agency expects to release a preliminary report on the case in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Four government agencies are investigating last week’s pipeline rupture and fire in the city’s Inner Richmond neighborhood.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1567033893,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1014},"headData":{"title":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License | KQED","description":"Four government agencies are investigating last week’s pipeline rupture and fire in the city’s Inner Richmond neighborhood.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License","datePublished":"2019-02-15T08:01:09.000Z","dateModified":"2019-08-28T23:11:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11725622 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11725622","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/02/15/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license/","disqusTitle":"Contractor Tied to San Francisco Pipeline Explosion Didn’t Have a License","path":"/news/11725622/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California regulators say a New Jersey telecommunications company tasked with installing fiber optic cables in San Francisco's Inner Richmond neighborhood — a job linked to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">natural gas pipeline explosion\u003c/a> last week — did not have a state contractor's license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advanced Fiber Works, a subcontractor on the project, specializes in fiber optics construction and activation. However, it does not have a license in California and there's no record that it has applied for one, according Rick Lopes, a spokesman for the Contractors State License Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was granted a \u003ca href=\"https://businesssearch.sos.ca.gov/Document/RetrievePDF?Id=04233536-25545873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business license\u003c/a> by the California Secretary of State's office on Jan. 29. Verizon's permit from San Francisco Public Works indicated the Geary Boulevard project was to begin on that date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several days later Advanced Fiber Works notified merchants and residents in the area that it was preparing to do work at the site and that they should get ready for noise and other disruptions from the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please be advised that we will be starting some excavation work in the road outside your building. We are installing fiber optic conduit,\" states the flier written with Advanced Fiber Works letterhead but with the contact information for another subcontractor on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the people who received those notices had to evacuate from their stores and homes on Feb. 6, when crews dug into a four-inch PG&E pipeline at Geary Boulevard and Parker Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The highly flammable gas burst from the rupture, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723887/s-f-firefighters-battle-3-alarm-natural-gas-blaze-on-geary-boulevard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">caught fire\u003c/a> and sent a column of flames soaring 50 feet into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three-alarm blaze burned for more than two hours as PG&E crews struggled to cut off the flow of gas at the site. The fire gutted a restaurant, damaged several other buildings and prompted investigations by the National Transportation Safety Board, the California Public Utilities Commission, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health and the San Francisco Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisors Catherine Stefani and Sandra Lee Fewer called for a hearing to review the incident and asked that representatives of several agencies speak before the Board of Supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to ensure that contractors conducting work on our streets maintain the highest standards and meet all safety requirements at the federal, state and local level,\" Stefani said before the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2>Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11724415\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954.jpg 5395w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-800x525.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1020x669.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1200x787.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1095654954-1920x1260.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 5395px) 100vw, 5395px\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10829492/s-f-officials-upheld-in-firing-of-construction-firm-involved-in-gas-line-breaks\">S.F. Officials Upheld in Firing of Construction Firm Involved in Gas Line Breaks\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003ch4>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10543975/state-investigating-whisteblower-report-of-potentially-explosive-pipeline-errors\">State Probing PG&E Safety Program After Concerns Raised About Potential Explosions\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Part of the investigations into the explosion will be aimed at determining the plans and delegation of work for the fiber optic installation that spanned six blocks of Geary between Parker Avenue and Emerson Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project involved several companies in four states. Telecommunications giant Verizon applied for and received a permit from the city for the installation. Verizon then hired MasTec, a Florida infrastructure engineering firm, as its main contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MasTec, in turn, contracted with Advanced Fiber Works, which hired a recently created San Francisco company — Kilford Engineering — for part of the construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Advanced Fiber Works disputed the idea that it was doing physical work on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The work being performed at the job-site had been subcontracted to Kilford Engineering, a state- and city-licensed contractor with many years of experience in underground cable installation. AFW had no employees on site at the time of the incident nor was it performing any physical work associated with the project. At no point was AFW responsible for assigning or providing employees to the job site,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Weiner, a representative for Advanced Fiber Works, said the project was the first the two firms had worked together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weiner did not answer repeated questions about what actual work AFW was tasked with on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11724205\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11724205\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/IMG_1599-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crews from PG&E and the San Francisco Fire Department at the scene of a natural gas blast and fire on Geary Boulevard in the city's Inner Richmond neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Raquel Maria Dillon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An employee for Kilford Engineering was driving the excavator that struck the underground natural gas pipeline that ruptured, according to Frank Polizzi, a spokesman for Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polizzi said Kilford was hired to dig a trench, install conduit and seal up the excavation. AFW was supposed to eventually snake cables through the conduit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA is currently investigating Kilford Engineering in connection with the explosion — not the other firms involved in the work, Polizzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kilford Engineering, which obtained its state business and contractors licenses late last year, issued a statement through a communications firm in Cleveland, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is important to note that no cause of the fire has been established and any speculation to the contrary undermines the integrity of this investigation, which must be given time to reveal answers as to what occurred,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopes, the spokesman for the contractors board, said if AFW was involved in physically installing communication lines, the contractor would be in violation of state regulations requiring a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cslb.ca.gov/About_Us/Library/Licensing_Classifications/C-7_-_Low_Voltage_Systems_Contractor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C-7\u003c/a> license to do the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verizon has not answered questions about the incident since it issued a statement hours after the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for MasTec has not answered questions about the role AFW played on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, NTSB investigators have focused on PG&E's actions. Last Friday, officials with the federal agency said they were trying to find out how long it took PG&E to shut off the gas after the line was broken. Federal investigators planned to secure several feet of the ruptured pipeline and possibly send it to a lab for more analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A PG&E spokeswoman declined to name the contractor that contacted the utility to determine where gas lines were in the area. PG&E has said that it marked the location of the lines before work began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Weiss, a spokesman for the NTSB, said the agency expects to release a preliminary report on the case in the coming days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11725622/contractor-tied-to-san-francisco-pipeline-explosion-didnt-have-a-license","authors":["258"],"categories":["news_19906","news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_19542","news_19436","news_140","news_21393","news_950","news_38","news_1513"],"featImg":"news_11770841","label":"news"},"news_11613672":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11613672","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11613672","score":null,"sort":[1505804500000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cpuc-says-pge-violated-federal-safety-rules-in-east-bay-gas-outage","title":"CPUC Says PG&E Violated Federal Safety Rules in East Bay Gas Outage","publishDate":1505804500,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric broke federal pipeline safety regulations in connection with a major natural gas outage in eastern Contra Costa County, state regulators have concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission probe, outlined in \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4053634/CPUC-Incident-Investigation-Report-PG-amp-E.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a previously undisclosed report\u003c/a> completed last April and obtained recently by KQED under the California Public Records Act, says the utility's failure to follow its own written safety procedures led to the emergency shutdown of gas service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2015/12/28/discovery-bay-outage-pge-working-to-restore-gas-service/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">December 2015 outage\u003c/a>, caused by excessive levels of water vapor in the gas supply, left thousands of people in the eastern Contra Costa County towns of Discovery Bay and Byron without heat as temperatures dipped below freezing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/12/pge-finds-weaknesses-in-its-gas-storage-system-in-review-of-major-2015-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">own review\u003c/a> uncovered a series of errors and other problems at the McDonald Island storage facility that led to the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internal review found the company's own risk-management practices failed to adequately consider the dangers associated with moisture entering its natural gas pipelines. The study also found that because of poor corrective maintenance procedures at McDonald Island, workers there didn't trust instrument readings at the facility, causing them to \"normalize\" deviations from standard operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's analysis said the moisture buildup and outage occurred because a bypass valve at McDonald Island was improperly left open. That mistake allowed moisture-laden natural gas to flow from the storage facility into PG&E's pipeline network without passing through equipment designed to remove water vapor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E failed to check the position of (the) valve, and hence failed to comply with its operational procedure,\" the CPUC report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-1996-title49-vol3/pdf/CFR-1996-title49-vol3-sec192-605.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal safety regulations\u003c/a> require pipeline operators to prepare and follow their own operations, maintenance and emergency procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's guidelines for its Whisky Slough station at McDonald Island require that the valve at the center of the outage be checked to make sure that it's closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E failed to do so and hence is in non-compliance for not following its own operational procedure,\" the CPUC report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's staff report shows that PG&E lacked a system that would ensure its internal safety guidelines were followed, according to Steve Weissman, a former CPUC administrative law judge and lecturer at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since we're dealing with safety issues here with natural gas flows, the need to have those checks and balances could hardly be more important,\" Weissman said after reviewing the CPUC report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're dealing with here is ongoing human judgement and the potential for human error,\" Weissman said. \"Even though PG&E succeeded in catching its mistake this time before anybody got hurt, that doesn't eliminate the importance of having the safeguard in place from the outset.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local consumer advocates who reviewed the CPUC staff's report say it shows that PG&E committed \"sloppy mistakes\" in the Discovery Bay gas outage and it has not learned lessons from the deadly San Bruno gas pipeline explosion in September 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E's ads tell us they're putting safety first, but this report tells us different,\" said Mindy Spatt, a spokeswoman for The Utility Reform Network (TURN).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The last things customers want to hear are that PG&E's asset and risk-management practices are still inadequate,\" Spatt said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has until Monday to respond to the commission's report. The company is reviewing the CPUC's notice of probable violation, said PG&E spokesman Greg Snapper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency plans to determine whether to issue any fines or penalties after that, a decision that would lead to talks with the company and a recommendation by an administrative law judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that PG&E discovered problems associated with the outage on its own and that the incident caused no harm could reduce the chances of a serious fine against the company, according to Weissman, the former CPUC administrative law judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are factors that are not likely to let PG&E off the hook, but may very well become factors that reduce the overall penalty,\" Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company officials say they quickly made repairs, tried to compensate the affected customers and have taken steps to ensure a similar failure doesn't happen again anywhere in its natural gas pipeline system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been supporting the community ever since we proactively shut off gas to maintain safety for our customers,\" PG&E spokesman Snapper in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E gave $30 to each of the customers affected by the outage, donated thousands of dollars to local schools that served as warming centers and helped finance the building of a new local playground in Discovery Bay, Snapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's report released last year calls for significant reforms, pushing for changes in how PG&E operates its natural gas facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 31 recommendations called for in the analysis, PG&E has completed or is in the process of completing 27 of them, Snapper said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State utility regulator's probe finds that company failed to follow its own written safety procedures in incident that led to emergency shutdown of gas service.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1505861553,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":852},"headData":{"title":"CPUC Says PG&E Violated Federal Safety Rules in East Bay Gas Outage | KQED","description":"State utility regulator's probe finds that company failed to follow its own written safety procedures in incident that led to emergency shutdown of gas service.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"CPUC Says PG&E Violated Federal Safety Rules in East Bay Gas Outage","datePublished":"2017-09-19T07:01:40.000Z","dateModified":"2017-09-19T22:52:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11613672 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11613672","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/19/cpuc-says-pge-violated-federal-safety-rules-in-east-bay-gas-outage/","disqusTitle":"CPUC Says PG&E Violated Federal Safety Rules in East Bay Gas Outage","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/09/GoldbergPGESafetyProblems.mp3","path":"/news/11613672/cpuc-says-pge-violated-federal-safety-rules-in-east-bay-gas-outage","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Pacific Gas & Electric broke federal pipeline safety regulations in connection with a major natural gas outage in eastern Contra Costa County, state regulators have concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission probe, outlined in \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4053634/CPUC-Incident-Investigation-Report-PG-amp-E.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a previously undisclosed report\u003c/a> completed last April and obtained recently by KQED under the California Public Records Act, says the utility's failure to follow its own written safety procedures led to the emergency shutdown of gas service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2015/12/28/discovery-bay-outage-pge-working-to-restore-gas-service/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">December 2015 outage\u003c/a>, caused by excessive levels of water vapor in the gas supply, left thousands of people in the eastern Contra Costa County towns of Discovery Bay and Byron without heat as temperatures dipped below freezing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/12/pge-finds-weaknesses-in-its-gas-storage-system-in-review-of-major-2015-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">own review\u003c/a> uncovered a series of errors and other problems at the McDonald Island storage facility that led to the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internal review found the company's own risk-management practices failed to adequately consider the dangers associated with moisture entering its natural gas pipelines. The study also found that because of poor corrective maintenance procedures at McDonald Island, workers there didn't trust instrument readings at the facility, causing them to \"normalize\" deviations from standard operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E's analysis said the moisture buildup and outage occurred because a bypass valve at McDonald Island was improperly left open. That mistake allowed moisture-laden natural gas to flow from the storage facility into PG&E's pipeline network without passing through equipment designed to remove water vapor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E failed to check the position of (the) valve, and hence failed to comply with its operational procedure,\" the CPUC report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-1996-title49-vol3/pdf/CFR-1996-title49-vol3-sec192-605.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Federal safety regulations\u003c/a> require pipeline operators to prepare and follow their own operations, maintenance and emergency procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's guidelines for its Whisky Slough station at McDonald Island require that the valve at the center of the outage be checked to make sure that it's closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E failed to do so and hence is in non-compliance for not following its own operational procedure,\" the CPUC report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's staff report shows that PG&E lacked a system that would ensure its internal safety guidelines were followed, according to Steve Weissman, a former CPUC administrative law judge and lecturer at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since we're dealing with safety issues here with natural gas flows, the need to have those checks and balances could hardly be more important,\" Weissman said after reviewing the CPUC report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're dealing with here is ongoing human judgement and the potential for human error,\" Weissman said. \"Even though PG&E succeeded in catching its mistake this time before anybody got hurt, that doesn't eliminate the importance of having the safeguard in place from the outset.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local consumer advocates who reviewed the CPUC staff's report say it shows that PG&E committed \"sloppy mistakes\" in the Discovery Bay gas outage and it has not learned lessons from the deadly San Bruno gas pipeline explosion in September 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E's ads tell us they're putting safety first, but this report tells us different,\" said Mindy Spatt, a spokeswoman for The Utility Reform Network (TURN).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The last things customers want to hear are that PG&E's asset and risk-management practices are still inadequate,\" Spatt said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E has until Monday to respond to the commission's report. The company is reviewing the CPUC's notice of probable violation, said PG&E spokesman Greg Snapper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency plans to determine whether to issue any fines or penalties after that, a decision that would lead to talks with the company and a recommendation by an administrative law judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that PG&E discovered problems associated with the outage on its own and that the incident caused no harm could reduce the chances of a serious fine against the company, according to Weissman, the former CPUC administrative law judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are factors that are not likely to let PG&E off the hook, but may very well become factors that reduce the overall penalty,\" Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company officials say they quickly made repairs, tried to compensate the affected customers and have taken steps to ensure a similar failure doesn't happen again anywhere in its natural gas pipeline system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been supporting the community ever since we proactively shut off gas to maintain safety for our customers,\" PG&E spokesman Snapper in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E gave $30 to each of the customers affected by the outage, donated thousands of dollars to local schools that served as warming centers and helped finance the building of a new local playground in Discovery Bay, Snapper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's report released last year calls for significant reforms, pushing for changes in how PG&E operates its natural gas facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 31 recommendations called for in the analysis, PG&E has completed or is in the process of completing 27 of them, Snapper said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11613672/cpuc-says-pge-violated-federal-safety-rules-in-east-bay-gas-outage","authors":["258"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_1066","news_19542","news_140","news_21393","news_17286","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_11617596","label":"news_72"},"news_11610546":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11610546","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11610546","score":null,"sort":[1502218307000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"our-backyard-oil-spills","title":"Our Backyard Oil Spills","publishDate":1502218307,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ruptures in September 2015 and May 2016 spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons of crude oil. Be sure to check out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/\">Ted Goldberg's coverage of these oil spills\u003c/a> in the Bay Area's backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1502219665,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":74},"headData":{"title":"Our Backyard Oil Spills | KQED","description":"After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Our Backyard Oil Spills","datePublished":"2017-08-08T18:51:47.000Z","dateModified":"2017-08-08T19:14:25.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11610546 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11610546","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/08/our-backyard-oil-spills/","disqusTitle":"Our Backyard Oil Spills","path":"/news/11610546/our-backyard-oil-spills","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After two spills among the wind turbines of the Altamont Pass, Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of pipeline that carries crude from Central Valley oil fields. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two ruptures in September 2015 and May 2016 spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons of crude oil. Be sure to check out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/\">Ted Goldberg's coverage of these oil spills\u003c/a> in the Bay Area's backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11610546/our-backyard-oil-spills","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20150","news_20949","news_18125","news_21393","news_950"],"featImg":"news_11610547","label":"news_18515"},"news_11495013":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11495013","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11495013","score":null,"sort":[1502090150000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","publishDate":1502090150,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum from Central Valley oil fields to Bay Area refineries after an investigation into two ruptures in eastern Alameda County in 2015 and 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a series of strong recommendations from the Office of the State Fire Marshal's Pipeline Safety Division, a division of Cal Fire that oversees 6,500 miles of pipelines -- the first time the agency has pushed for a pipeline replacement.\u003cbr>\n[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/ShellOilLine.mp3\" image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/07/shellpipelinegp3.jpg\" title=\"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruptures took place on Shell's 177-mile-long San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the company's Martinez refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">May 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found both were caused by \"fatigue cracks\" that grew as pressure on the underground line fluctuated to deal with different grades of oil, according to documents obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two ruptures spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons on grassland near Interstate 580 and resulted in more than $6 million in damage, emergency response and cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610225\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 561px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11610225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg 561w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-160x220.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-240x330.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-375x516.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-520x716.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows the length of the Shell Oil pipeline. The break on May 20, 2016, occurred between Livermore and Tracy in East Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Cal Fire)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil from the first spill seeped 10 feet into the ground. Crude from the second incident was discovered as much as 20 feet beneath the surface, according to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. The water agency oversaw the cleanups, which involved removing nearly 16,000 tons of contaminated soil and dumping it in an Altamont Pass landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing an investigation into the 2016 spill, the fire marshal's office placed the pipeline on its list of higher-risk lines, requiring Shell to conduct more frequent inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell had inspected the failed sections of pipeline just months before they broke. The state last inspected the pipeline in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal is calling on the company to review all of its California pipelines that switch between different pressure levels to see if they need more frequent inspections. The state agency also wants to know whether the company can reduce the practice, known as \"pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's pipeline division also says it will review Shell's pipeline integrity management program this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics, Safety Advocates Call For Penalty Against Shell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and experts who reviewed the investigations into the breaks for KQED applauded the state for taking action but say regulators should have been more aggressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\">From the Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Click on the map above from the Center for Biological Diversity to see a map of the Shell Oil pipeline and nearby endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We don't think that what they're recommending goes far enough,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan noted the state fire marshal's office is calling for repairs along just a small portion of a pipeline that runs past several reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two breaks on the same pipeline in the same area, the state should slap Shell with a monetary penalty, he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it triggers one leak and then triggers another one, the company needs to be held responsible in a financial way for the damage that it caused,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a penalty would be warranted especially in this case where there's two failures on a pipe so close together,\" Weimer said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"6hATIqtIBApr69U4cQJyFoWGS9gZGjzm\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Mathisen, the state fire marshal, says regulators did not penalize Shell because the company did not violate any pipeline safety law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's Pipeline Safety Division last fined a pipeline operator -- a $78,000 civil penalty against Phillips 66 -- in March 2014, the agency says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Break Prompts Shell to Change Pipeline Inspections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September 2015 break, Shell conducted inspections using so-called \u003ca href=\"http://smartpigs.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smart pigs\u003c/a>, devices that travel inside pipelines while they're still operating, instead of \u003ca href=\"http://petrowiki.org/Hydrostatic_testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hydrostatic testing\u003c/a>, where a section of pipeline is shut down and tested for leaks and weakness with high-pressure water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they had done a hydrotest at that time instead of running these smart pigs they probably would have found this problem and prevented the 2016 failure,\" said Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs didn't work out very well in this instance,\" Weimer said. \"Hydrotests oftentimes will find these types of failures where these smart pigs won't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy crude the San Pablo Pipeline was transporting when it ruptured is similar to the tar sands oil the Keystone Pipeline is expected to transport, Weimer noted. That thickness could cause \"cyclic fatigue\" on other lines throughout California, he said, so the state should require all oil pipeline operators to conduct the hydrotesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs just aren't smart enough on some of these flaws,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month after the May 2016 oil spill, Shell says, it conducted hydrostatic testing on the pipeline -- the first of its kind on the line in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the two spills prompted the company to expand the range of problems it looks for when it inspects the San Pablo Pipeline and some of its other lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Details of Investigation Into Second Oil Spill\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents obtained by KQED give a vivid picture of how the second pipeline spill unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after midnight on May 20, 2016, Shell's pipeline control center in Houston, Texas, detected a drop in operating pressure on the pipeline near West Patterson Pass Road and Interstate 580. At the time, it was pumping more than 6,000 barrels of heavy crude per hour, state officials said. The company says it immediately shut down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later the company \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/488e4a35e60e506e88257fb900336731?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified \u003c/a>the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, several local agencies were called in to respond, and a cleanup effort began that would last for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20, 2016, pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, a federal regulator wanted answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please provide a report on this event when possible,\" wrote Peter Katchmar, an accident coordinator at the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) in an email to the state fire marshal's office four hours after the rupture took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 24-inch pipeline released 500 barrels of oil from a break that measured 45 by 4.5 inches, according to state investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it did for the September 2015 break, Shell hired the risk management firm, Det Norske Veritas (DNV), to investigate the May 2016 spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2015 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>DNV and Shell say the rupture was due to a \"fatigue crack\" that grew over time. The oil company also says that smart pig, or in-line, tests conducted on the pipeline before the break were incorrectly reported to Shell officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says that incorrect information led them to increase pressure on the line three days before it ruptured. The oil giant blames a firm it hired to do the in-line inspections on the heels of the first break, the Rosen Group, for failing to identify and report the fatigue crack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the ... surveys confirming the absence of any actionable defects, the recommendation was made ... to remove the operating pressure reductions,\" Shell said in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Rosen declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the inline inspection company's mistakes that may have led to the pipeline break, Shell continues to use Rosen for in-line inspections, company spokesman Ray Fisher said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the first break, DNV said small pits of corrosion, along with the line's frequent changes in pressure due to the different grades of oil it carries, contributed to the rupture. The firm added that the crack could have developed when the pipe was transported to the West Coast 35 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report Shell said it wants to improve detecting cracks along its pipelines and take a closer look at its pipes that undergo aggressive pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There needs to be corporate awareness for what pressure cycling does to the pipelines,\" Shell's review said. \"This action needs to lead to more discipline and visibility of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10974518\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20, 2016, Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fisher says crude that the pipeline brings from the Central Valley to refineries in the Bay Area \"varies in viscosity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Customer demands frequently dictate varying pressure loads on the pipeline,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has taken measures to reduce pressure cycling on the pipeline that broke as well as others in its network, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State's Reliance on Private Industry to Police Itself\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, KQED reported the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state relied heavily on Shell\u003c/a> to investigate the September 2015 break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the state's probe into the second spill -- the state's findings mirror the company's conclusions -- was basically another regurgitation of the oil giant's own review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan, of the Center for Biological Diversity, says that shows the state fire marshal isn't up to the job of overseeing pipeline safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we are letting companies police their own pipelines, we cannot be sure that they're doing a good job,\" Sullivan said. \"This operator is operating a very dangerous pipeline and they do not seem to have a system in place to prevent these kinds of leaks. I don't think Cal Fire's report and recommendations really changes that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan says Cal Fire does not have enough engineers to police the hundreds of pipelines it's responsible for watching over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's impossible for them to do the kind of rigorous oversight that they should be doing,\" he said, adding that the agency needs more resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they continue to take the kind of lax approach with enforcement that we've seen certainly with these two incidents, I think it's worth considering if there is another agency that could do this better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, the pipeline safety division had just a handful of inspectors and engineers. A top official with the agency said then that it had been working with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">minimum staff for several years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state's new fire marshal says that's changing significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been able to bolster our pipeline safety resources significantly,\" said Mathisen in an interview. \"We've more than doubled our engineers on staff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the San Pablo Bay Pipeline broke, the agency had five engineers who oversaw 752 intrastate pipelines, according to Mathisen. The division conducted an average of nine investigations a year for the last five years, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, now the agency has 13 engineers and supervisors and there are plans to hire 13 more, Upton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mathisen says he wants his agency to take a more active role in pipeline break investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in staff came as a result of legislation in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/21/crews-struggle-to-clean-up-oil-spill-near-santa-barbara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Refugio oil spill\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara County that mandated more pipeline inspections and required the oil industry to put in place better leak detection systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are gaining the resources to keep up,\" Mathisen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators recently ordered another change: Companies hired by the oil industry to inspect pipelines are now required to send the results of those tests to the fire marshal's office before they are sent to the line operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shell Works to Replace Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company recently began the process of replacing three sections of pipeline totaling 12.5 miles, company spokesman Fisher said. Each of those sections -- one near Tracy, one near the Stanislaus-Merced county line, and one near Coalinga -- involves pipeline that was manufactured in 1982 and then stored outside for six years before being shipped to California and installed as part of an existing pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell is choosing to replace the 1982 Columbia pipe sections with newly fabricated pipe out of an abundance of caution, despite the existing pipeline having been repaired and passing subsequent hydrotests,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it expects to complete construction of the new pipeline sections by 2019, he said. The company plans to shut down the line for several days when it's installed, a move that has to be worked out with the refinery companies the pipeline serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell is not disclosing the cost of the project.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Two pipeline ruptures occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and May 2016.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1502146699,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":74,"wordCount":2224},"headData":{"title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline | KQED","description":"Two pipeline ruptures occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and May 2016.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","datePublished":"2017-08-07T07:15:50.000Z","dateModified":"2017-08-07T22:58:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11495013 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11495013","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline/","disqusTitle":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","path":"/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Shell Oil Co. is replacing more than 12 miles of a pipeline that carries crude petroleum from Central Valley oil fields to Bay Area refineries after an investigation into two ruptures in eastern Alameda County in 2015 and 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move follows a series of strong recommendations from the Office of the State Fire Marshal's Pipeline Safety Division, a division of Cal Fire that oversees 6,500 miles of pipelines -- the first time the agency has pushed for a pipeline replacement.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/ShellOilLine.mp3","image":"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/07/shellpipelinegp3.jpg","title":"After Two Spills, Shell Oil to Replace Miles of Problem Pipeline","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruptures took place on Shell's 177-mile-long San Pablo Bay Pipeline, which runs up the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Coalinga, across the southwestern edge of the Delta, and through the hills of eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties to the company's Martinez refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spills occurred between Altamont Pass and Tracy in September 2015 and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/05/24/pipeline-at-center-of-altamont-pass-oil-spill-also-ruptured-last-september/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">May 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found both were caused by \"fatigue cracks\" that grew as pressure on the underground line fluctuated to deal with different grades of oil, according to documents obtained by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two ruptures spilled a total of about 60,000 gallons on grassland near Interstate 580 and resulted in more than $6 million in damage, emergency response and cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610225\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 561px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11610225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture.jpg 561w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-160x220.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-240x330.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-375x516.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture-520x716.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map shows the length of the Shell Oil pipeline. The break on May 20, 2016, occurred between Livermore and Tracy in East Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Cal Fire)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil from the first spill seeped 10 feet into the ground. Crude from the second incident was discovered as much as 20 feet beneath the surface, according to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. The water agency oversaw the cleanups, which involved removing nearly 16,000 tons of contaminated soil and dumping it in an Altamont Pass landfill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing an investigation into the 2016 spill, the fire marshal's office placed the pipeline on its list of higher-risk lines, requiring Shell to conduct more frequent inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell had inspected the failed sections of pipeline just months before they broke. The state last inspected the pipeline in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal is calling on the company to review all of its California pipelines that switch between different pressure levels to see if they need more frequent inspections. The state agency also wants to know whether the company can reduce the practice, known as \"pressure cycling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's pipeline division also says it will review Shell's pipeline integrity management program this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Critics, Safety Advocates Call For Penalty Against Shell\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and experts who reviewed the investigations into the breaks for KQED applauded the state for taking action but say regulators should have been more aggressive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\">From the Center for Biological Diversity\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://center.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=b35f4d78e2d8431b8f28aec94413f42b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Capture2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Click on the map above from the Center for Biological Diversity to see a map of the Shell Oil pipeline and nearby endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We don't think that what they're recommending goes far enough,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan noted the state fire marshal's office is calling for repairs along just a small portion of a pipeline that runs past several reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two breaks on the same pipeline in the same area, the state should slap Shell with a monetary penalty, he said\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it triggers one leak and then triggers another one, the company needs to be held responsible in a financial way for the damage that it caused,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Weimer, executive director of the Pipeline Safety Trust, an independent advocacy group based in Bellingham, Washington, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think a penalty would be warranted especially in this case where there's two failures on a pipe so close together,\" Weimer said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis Mathisen, the state fire marshal, says regulators did not penalize Shell because the company did not violate any pipeline safety law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire marshal's Pipeline Safety Division last fined a pipeline operator -- a $78,000 civil penalty against Phillips 66 -- in March 2014, the agency says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Break Prompts Shell to Change Pipeline Inspections\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the September 2015 break, Shell conducted inspections using so-called \u003ca href=\"http://smartpigs.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smart pigs\u003c/a>, devices that travel inside pipelines while they're still operating, instead of \u003ca href=\"http://petrowiki.org/Hydrostatic_testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hydrostatic testing\u003c/a>, where a section of pipeline is shut down and tested for leaks and weakness with high-pressure water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they had done a hydrotest at that time instead of running these smart pigs they probably would have found this problem and prevented the 2016 failure,\" said Weimer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs didn't work out very well in this instance,\" Weimer said. \"Hydrotests oftentimes will find these types of failures where these smart pigs won't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heavy crude the San Pablo Pipeline was transporting when it ruptured is similar to the tar sands oil the Keystone Pipeline is expected to transport, Weimer noted. That thickness could cause \"cyclic fatigue\" on other lines throughout California, he said, so the state should require all oil pipeline operators to conduct the hydrotesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Smart pigs just aren't smart enough on some of these flaws,\" Weimer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month after the May 2016 oil spill, Shell says, it conducted hydrostatic testing on the pipeline -- the first of its kind on the line in more than 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says the two spills prompted the company to expand the range of problems it looks for when it inspects the San Pablo Pipeline and some of its other lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Details of Investigation Into Second Oil Spill\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Documents obtained by KQED give a vivid picture of how the second pipeline spill unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after midnight on May 20, 2016, Shell's pipeline control center in Houston, Texas, detected a drop in operating pressure on the pipeline near West Patterson Pass Road and Interstate 580. At the time, it was pumping more than 6,000 barrels of heavy crude per hour, state officials said. The company says it immediately shut down the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later the company \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/488e4a35e60e506e88257fb900336731?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notified \u003c/a>the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, several local agencies were called in to respond, and a cleanup effort began that would last for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 669px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10974514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline.png 669w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipeline-400x300.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Central Valley Water Quality Control Board report on Shell Oil's May 20, 2016, pipeline break. Picture shows inactive older pipeline and newer pipeline that ruptured, spilling about 21,000 gallons of oil. \u003ccite>(Central Valley Water Quality Control Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately, a federal regulator wanted answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Please provide a report on this event when possible,\" wrote Peter Katchmar, an accident coordinator at the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) in an email to the state fire marshal's office four hours after the rupture took place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 24-inch pipeline released 500 barrels of oil from a break that measured 45 by 4.5 inches, according to state investigators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it did for the September 2015 break, Shell hired the risk management firm, Det Norske Veritas (DNV), to investigate the May 2016 spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11120004\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11120004\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-800x335.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split-400x167.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/pipeline-split.jpg 856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of the pipeline longitudinal seam split from the September 2015 rupture. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Shell Oil Company)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>DNV and Shell say the rupture was due to a \"fatigue crack\" that grew over time. The oil company also says that smart pig, or in-line, tests conducted on the pipeline before the break were incorrectly reported to Shell officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says that incorrect information led them to increase pressure on the line three days before it ruptured. The oil giant blames a firm it hired to do the in-line inspections on the heels of the first break, the Rosen Group, for failing to identify and report the fatigue crack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Based on the ... surveys confirming the absence of any actionable defects, the recommendation was made ... to remove the operating pressure reductions,\" Shell said in its report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for Rosen declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the inline inspection company's mistakes that may have led to the pipeline break, Shell continues to use Rosen for in-line inspections, company spokesman Ray Fisher said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the first break, DNV said small pits of corrosion, along with the line's frequent changes in pressure due to the different grades of oil it carries, contributed to the rupture. The firm added that the crack could have developed when the pipe was transported to the West Coast 35 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report Shell said it wants to improve detecting cracks along its pipelines and take a closer look at its pipes that undergo aggressive pressure cycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There needs to be corporate awareness for what pressure cycling does to the pipelines,\" Shell's review said. \"This action needs to lead to more discipline and visibility of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10974518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10974518\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/shellpipelinegp3-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Containers of contaminated soil excavated from the site of May 20, 2016, Shell Oil pipeline rupture east of the Altamont Pass. \u003ccite>(Noah Berger/Courtesy of Greenpeace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fisher says crude that the pipeline brings from the Central Valley to refineries in the Bay Area \"varies in viscosity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Customer demands frequently dictate varying pressure loads on the pipeline,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has taken measures to reduce pressure cycling on the pipeline that broke as well as others in its network, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State's Reliance on Private Industry to Police Itself\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last October, KQED reported the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/state-outsources-east-bay-pipeline-spill-investigation-to-oil-company/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">state relied heavily on Shell\u003c/a> to investigate the September 2015 break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say the state's probe into the second spill -- the state's findings mirror the company's conclusions -- was basically another regurgitation of the oil giant's own review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan, of the Center for Biological Diversity, says that shows the state fire marshal isn't up to the job of overseeing pipeline safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we are letting companies police their own pipelines, we cannot be sure that they're doing a good job,\" Sullivan said. \"This operator is operating a very dangerous pipeline and they do not seem to have a system in place to prevent these kinds of leaks. I don't think Cal Fire's report and recommendations really changes that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sullivan says Cal Fire does not have enough engineers to police the hundreds of pipelines it's responsible for watching over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's impossible for them to do the kind of rigorous oversight that they should be doing,\" he said, adding that the agency needs more resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they continue to take the kind of lax approach with enforcement that we've seen certainly with these two incidents, I think it's worth considering if there is another agency that could do this better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May 2015, the pipeline safety division had just a handful of inspectors and engineers. A top official with the agency said then that it had been working with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/30/patchwork-of-oversight-keep-tabs-of-californias-vast-network-of-oil-pipelines/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">minimum staff for several years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state's new fire marshal says that's changing significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have been able to bolster our pipeline safety resources significantly,\" said Mathisen in an interview. \"We've more than doubled our engineers on staff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the San Pablo Bay Pipeline broke, the agency had five engineers who oversaw 752 intrastate pipelines, according to Mathisen. The division conducted an average of nine investigations a year for the last five years, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, now the agency has 13 engineers and supervisors and there are plans to hire 13 more, Upton says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mathisen says he wants his agency to take a more active role in pipeline break investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase in staff came as a result of legislation in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/21/crews-struggle-to-clean-up-oil-spill-near-santa-barbara/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Refugio oil spill\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara County that mandated more pipeline inspections and required the oil industry to put in place better leak detection systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are gaining the resources to keep up,\" Mathisen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators recently ordered another change: Companies hired by the oil industry to inspect pipelines are now required to send the results of those tests to the fire marshal's office before they are sent to the line operators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shell Works to Replace Pipeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company recently began the process of replacing three sections of pipeline totaling 12.5 miles, company spokesman Fisher said. Each of those sections -- one near Tracy, one near the Stanislaus-Merced county line, and one near Coalinga -- involves pipeline that was manufactured in 1982 and then stored outside for six years before being shipped to California and installed as part of an existing pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Shell is choosing to replace the 1982 Columbia pipe sections with newly fabricated pipe out of an abundance of caution, despite the existing pipeline having been repaired and passing subsequent hydrotests,\" Fisher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell says it expects to complete construction of the new pipeline sections by 2019, he said. The company plans to shut down the line for several days when it's installed, a move that has to be worked out with the refinery companies the pipeline serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell is not disclosing the cost of the project.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11495013/after-two-spills-shell-oil-to-replace-miles-of-problem-pipeline","authors":["258"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8","news_356","news_1397"],"tags":["news_19542","news_21393","news_950","news_20456","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_10974511","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. 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