Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush
Ohlone People Rejoice After City of Berkeley Votes to Return Sacred Land
Connecting Climbers with the Native History of Indian and Mortar Rocks
$100 Million Grant to Assist California Native Tribes With Buying Back Land
'We Have a Vision': East Bay Ohlone Tribe Looks to Future as Oakland Announces Landback Plan
Bay Curious: The History of the Bay’s 425 Shellmounds
There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go?
Sometimes the Bear Eats You: Grizzly Bears in the Bay Area
Discovering a Better Day
Sponsored
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Nik’s reporting interests include policing, public health, environment, immigration, housing and the points where these issues intersect.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e391b3a18ce4a53a7ca3f3065c74418b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/nikaltenberg/","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Nik Altenberg | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e391b3a18ce4a53a7ca3f3065c74418b?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e391b3a18ce4a53a7ca3f3065c74418b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/naltenberg"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11980053":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11980053","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11980053","score":null,"sort":[1710950416000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"northern-california-tribe-to-get-back-125-acres-of-ancestral-land-stolen-during-gold-rush","title":"Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush","publishDate":1710950416,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California’s Yurok Tribe, which had 90% of its territory taken from it during the Gold Rush of the mid-1800s, will be getting a slice of its land back to serve as a new gateway to Redwood National and State Parks visited by 1 million people a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yurok will be the first Native people to manage tribal land with the National Park Service under a historic memorandum of understanding signed Tuesday by the tribe, Redwood National and State Parks and the nonprofit Save the Redwoods League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement “starts the process of changing the narrative about how, by whom and for whom we steward natural lands,” Sam Hodder, president and CEO of Save the Redwoods League, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe will take ownership in 2026 of 125 acres near the tiny Northern California community of Orick in Humboldt County after restoration of a local tributary, Prairie Creek, is complete under the deal. The site will introduce visitors to Yurok customs, culture and history, the tribe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area is home to the world’s tallest trees — some reaching more than 350 feet. It’s about a mile from the Pacific coast and adjacent to the Redwood National and State Parks, which includes one national park and three California state parks totaling nearly 132,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The return of the land — named ’O Rew in the Yurok Language — more than a century after it was stolen from California’s largest tribe is proof of the “sheer will and perseverance of the Yurok people,” said Rosie Clayburn, the tribe’s cultural resources director. “We kind of don’t give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rosie Clayburn, cultural resources director, Yurok Tribe\"]‘This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.’[/pullquote]For the tribe, redwoods are considered living beings and traditionally only fallen trees have been used to build their homes and canoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the original stewards of this land, we look forward to working together with the Redwood National and State Parks to manage it,” Clayburn said. “This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property is at the heart of the tribe’s ancestral land and was taken in the 1800s to exploit its old-growth redwoods and other natural resources, the tribe said. Save the Redwoods League bought the property in 2013 and began working with the tribe and others to restore it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the property was paved over by a lumber operation that worked there for 50 years and also buried Prairie Creek, where salmon would swim upstream from the Pacific to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing Land Back movement has been returning Indigenous homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European settlers arrived. That has seen Native American tribes taking a greater role in restoring rivers and lands to how they were before they were expropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a 2.2-acre parking lot \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/berkeley-tribal-land-returned-b310527bcaba81fcbbc9fd9f6ff0af93\">was returned to the Ohlone people\u003c/a> where they established the first human settlement beside San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago. In 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-environment-and-nature-forests-california-native-americans-00156ebf0d5a16eea463b3944e828e8b\">more than 500 acres\u003c/a> of redwood forest on the Lost Coast were returned the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council, a group of 10 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ’O Rew property represents just a tiny fraction of the more than 500,000 acres of the ancestral land of the Yurok, whose reservation straddles the lower 44 miles of the Klamath River. The Yurok tribe is also helping lead efforts in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-native-americans-dams-salmon-311ea96fda0fe1b0052ab8cef9ae36a9\">largest dam removal project\u003c/a> in U.S. history along the California-Oregon border to restore the Klamath and boost the salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101894121,news_11966087,news_11979268,forum_2010101892718\"]Plans for ‘O Rew include a traditional Yurok village of redwood plank houses and a sweat house. There also will be a new visitor and cultural center displaying scores of sacred artefacts from deerskins to baskets that have been returned to the tribe from university and museum collections, Clayburn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center, which will include information on the redwoods and forest restoration, also will serve as a hub for the tribe to carry out their traditions, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will add more than a mile of new trails, including a new segment of the California Coastal Trail, with interpretive exhibits. The trails will connect to many of the existing trails inside the parks, including to popular old-growth redwood groves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe had already been restoring salmon habitat for three years on the property, building a meandering stream channel, two connected ponds and about 20 acres of floodplain while dismantling a defunct mill site. Crews also planted more than 50,000 native plants, including grass-like slough sedge, black cottonwood and coast redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salmon were once abundant in rivers and streams running through these redwood forests, But dams, logging, development and drought — due in part to climate change — have destroyed the waterways and threatened many of these species. Last year recreational and commercial king salmon fishing seasons \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/salmon-fishing-ban-chinook-west-coast-fd818fb1489834d5f8f9371818178b11\">were closed\u003c/a> along much of the West Coast due to near-record low numbers of the iconic fish returning to their spawning grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of juvenile coho and chinook salmon and steelhead have already returned to Prairie Creek along with red-legged frogs, northwestern salamanders, waterfowl and other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwoods National Park Superintendent Steve Mietz praised the restoration of the area and its return to the tribe, saying it is “healing the land while healing the relationships among all the people who inhabit this magnificent forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Yurok Tribe in Humboldt County signed an agreement with the California and National Park Service and will get back the land by 2026, as part of the growing Land Back movement.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1710895127,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1017},"headData":{"title":"Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush | KQED","description":"The Yurok Tribe in Humboldt County signed an agreement with the California and National Park Service and will get back the land by 2026, as part of the growing Land Back movement.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush","datePublished":"2024-03-20T16:00:16.000Z","dateModified":"2024-03-20T00:38:47.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Julie Watson\u003cbr>Associated Press","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11980053/northern-california-tribe-to-get-back-125-acres-of-ancestral-land-stolen-during-gold-rush","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Yurok Tribe, which had 90% of its territory taken from it during the Gold Rush of the mid-1800s, will be getting a slice of its land back to serve as a new gateway to Redwood National and State Parks visited by 1 million people a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yurok will be the first Native people to manage tribal land with the National Park Service under a historic memorandum of understanding signed Tuesday by the tribe, Redwood National and State Parks and the nonprofit Save the Redwoods League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement “starts the process of changing the narrative about how, by whom and for whom we steward natural lands,” Sam Hodder, president and CEO of Save the Redwoods League, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe will take ownership in 2026 of 125 acres near the tiny Northern California community of Orick in Humboldt County after restoration of a local tributary, Prairie Creek, is complete under the deal. The site will introduce visitors to Yurok customs, culture and history, the tribe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area is home to the world’s tallest trees — some reaching more than 350 feet. It’s about a mile from the Pacific coast and adjacent to the Redwood National and State Parks, which includes one national park and three California state parks totaling nearly 132,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The return of the land — named ’O Rew in the Yurok Language — more than a century after it was stolen from California’s largest tribe is proof of the “sheer will and perseverance of the Yurok people,” said Rosie Clayburn, the tribe’s cultural resources director. “We kind of don’t give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Rosie Clayburn, cultural resources director, Yurok Tribe","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For the tribe, redwoods are considered living beings and traditionally only fallen trees have been used to build their homes and canoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the original stewards of this land, we look forward to working together with the Redwood National and State Parks to manage it,” Clayburn said. “This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property is at the heart of the tribe’s ancestral land and was taken in the 1800s to exploit its old-growth redwoods and other natural resources, the tribe said. Save the Redwoods League bought the property in 2013 and began working with the tribe and others to restore it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the property was paved over by a lumber operation that worked there for 50 years and also buried Prairie Creek, where salmon would swim upstream from the Pacific to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing Land Back movement has been returning Indigenous homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European settlers arrived. That has seen Native American tribes taking a greater role in restoring rivers and lands to how they were before they were expropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a 2.2-acre parking lot \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/berkeley-tribal-land-returned-b310527bcaba81fcbbc9fd9f6ff0af93\">was returned to the Ohlone people\u003c/a> where they established the first human settlement beside San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago. In 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-environment-and-nature-forests-california-native-americans-00156ebf0d5a16eea463b3944e828e8b\">more than 500 acres\u003c/a> of redwood forest on the Lost Coast were returned the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council, a group of 10 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ’O Rew property represents just a tiny fraction of the more than 500,000 acres of the ancestral land of the Yurok, whose reservation straddles the lower 44 miles of the Klamath River. The Yurok tribe is also helping lead efforts in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-native-americans-dams-salmon-311ea96fda0fe1b0052ab8cef9ae36a9\">largest dam removal project\u003c/a> in U.S. history along the California-Oregon border to restore the Klamath and boost the salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"forum_2010101894121,news_11966087,news_11979268,forum_2010101892718"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Plans for ‘O Rew include a traditional Yurok village of redwood plank houses and a sweat house. There also will be a new visitor and cultural center displaying scores of sacred artefacts from deerskins to baskets that have been returned to the tribe from university and museum collections, Clayburn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center, which will include information on the redwoods and forest restoration, also will serve as a hub for the tribe to carry out their traditions, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will add more than a mile of new trails, including a new segment of the California Coastal Trail, with interpretive exhibits. The trails will connect to many of the existing trails inside the parks, including to popular old-growth redwood groves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe had already been restoring salmon habitat for three years on the property, building a meandering stream channel, two connected ponds and about 20 acres of floodplain while dismantling a defunct mill site. Crews also planted more than 50,000 native plants, including grass-like slough sedge, black cottonwood and coast redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salmon were once abundant in rivers and streams running through these redwood forests, But dams, logging, development and drought — due in part to climate change — have destroyed the waterways and threatened many of these species. Last year recreational and commercial king salmon fishing seasons \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/salmon-fishing-ban-chinook-west-coast-fd818fb1489834d5f8f9371818178b11\">were closed\u003c/a> along much of the West Coast due to near-record low numbers of the iconic fish returning to their spawning grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of juvenile coho and chinook salmon and steelhead have already returned to Prairie Creek along with red-legged frogs, northwestern salamanders, waterfowl and other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwoods National Park Superintendent Steve Mietz praised the restoration of the area and its return to the tribe, saying it is “healing the land while healing the relationships among all the people who inhabit this magnificent forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11980053/northern-california-tribe-to-get-back-125-acres-of-ancestral-land-stolen-during-gold-rush","authors":["byline_news_11980053"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_23593","news_28859","news_30283","news_21733","news_21176","news_22761","news_19976"],"featImg":"news_11980072","label":"news"},"news_11979268":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11979268","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11979268","score":null,"sort":[1710361636000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ohlone-people-rejoice-after-city-of-berkeley-votes-to-return-sacred-land-to-tribe","title":"Ohlone People Rejoice After City of Berkeley Votes to Return Sacred Land","publishDate":1710361636,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Ohlone People Rejoice After City of Berkeley Votes to Return Sacred Land | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Ohlone people and their allies rejoiced Wednesday over the return of sacred native land dating back thousands of years, saying the move righted a historic wrong and restored the people who were first on the land now called Berkeley to their rightful place in history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2.2-acre parking lot is the only undeveloped portion of the shellmound in West Berkeley, where ancestors of today’s Ohlone people established the first human settlement on the shores of the San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Berkeley Mayor Jesse Arreguín\"]‘[I]t’s been a long effort … long, long legal battles, many meetings. People prayed, people protested. But all along, it’s been an incredible community effort. And I’m very grateful that we were able to do this today.’[/pullquote]Berkeley’s City Council voted unanimously Tuesday to adopt an ordinance giving the title of the land to the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust, a San Francisco Bay Area collective led by women that works to return land to Indigenous people. The collective raised most of the money needed to reach an agreement with developers who own the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The site will be home to education, prayer and preservation, and will outlast every one of us today to continue telling the story of the Ohlone people,” said Mayor Jesse Arreguín at a celebratory press conference on Fourth Street in Berkeley Wednesday. He said their history is “marked not by adversity, but more importantly, by their unwavering resilience as a community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arreguín added that he thought it was “pretty absurd” that they had to buy the site to give it back to Indigenous people “when this was theirs all along, and we stole it from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I]t’s been a long effort … long, long legal battles, many meetings. People prayed, people protested. But all along, it’s been an incredible community effort. And I’m very grateful that we were able to do this today,” Arreguín said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheyenne Zepeda from the\u003cb> \u003c/b>Confederated Villages of Lisjan Nation said that they’ve been praying and fighting for this recognition for over 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a huge parking lot that’s been paved over, we’re looking towards the train tracks, there’s also the freeway that’s here off of university, and we don’t see the beautiful ground that it was before, but we will … we will again,” Zepeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cheyenne Zepeda, Confederated Villages of Lisjan Nation\"]‘[W]e don’t see the beautiful ground that it was before, but we will … we will again.’[/pullquote]The crowd cheered as speakers talked of a movement to restore other lands to Indigenous people. The site — a three-block area Berkeley designated as a landmark in 2000 — will be home to native medicines and foods, an oasis for pollinators and wildlife, and a place for youth to learn about their heritage, including ancient dances and ceremonies, said Melissa Nelson, chair of the board of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thousands of years ago, this site was a thriving … urban center for Native Americans, for California Indians with their beautiful shellmounds dotted all around the bay,” Nelson said. “We want to be a place for global Indigenous leadership to come and gather in solidarity. We want to educate, we want to restore, and we want to heal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Spanish colonizers arrived in the region, the area held a village and a massive shell mound with a height of 20 feet and the length and width of a football field that was a ceremonial and burial site. Built over years with mussel, clam and oyster shells, human remains, and artifacts, the mound also served as a lookout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spanish removed the Ohlone from their villages and forced them into labor at local missions. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Anglo settlers took over the land and razed the shell mound to line roadbeds in Berkeley with shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11959169,news_11969401,news_11970846\"]The agreement with Berkeley-based Ruegg & Ellsworth LLC, which owns the parking lot, comes after a six-year legal fight that started in 2018 when the developer sued the city after officials denied its application to build a 260-unit apartment building with 50% affordable housing and 27,500 feet of retail and parking space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement was reached after Ruegg & Ellsworth agreed to accept $27 million to settle all outstanding claims and to turn the property over to Berkeley. The Sogorea Te’ Land Trust contributed $25.5 million and Berkeley paid $1.5 million, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trust plans to build a commemorative park with a new shell mound and a cultural center to house some of the pottery, jewelry, baskets and other artifacts found over the years and that are in the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould, co-founder of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust and tribal chair of the Confederated Villages of Lisjan Ohlone, attended Tuesday’s City Council meeting via video conference and wiped away tears after the council voted to return the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mound that once stood there was “a place where we first said goodbye to someone,” she said. “To have this place saved forever, I am beyond words.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sara Hossaini contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There was celebration at a press conference in Berkeley a day after Berkeley’s City Council voted unanimously to adopt an ordinance giving the title of the land to the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1710392959,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":959},"headData":{"title":"Ohlone People Rejoice After City of Berkeley Votes to Return Sacred Land | KQED","description":"There was celebration at a press conference in Berkeley a day after Berkeley’s City Council voted unanimously to adopt an ordinance giving the title of the land to the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Ohlone People Rejoice After City of Berkeley Votes to Return Sacred Land","datePublished":"2024-03-13T20:27:16.000Z","dateModified":"2024-03-14T05:09:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Janie Har\u003cbr>Associated Press","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11979268/ohlone-people-rejoice-after-city-of-berkeley-votes-to-return-sacred-land-to-tribe","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ohlone people and their allies rejoiced Wednesday over the return of sacred native land dating back thousands of years, saying the move righted a historic wrong and restored the people who were first on the land now called Berkeley to their rightful place in history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2.2-acre parking lot is the only undeveloped portion of the shellmound in West Berkeley, where ancestors of today’s Ohlone people established the first human settlement on the shores of the San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘[I]t’s been a long effort … long, long legal battles, many meetings. People prayed, people protested. But all along, it’s been an incredible community effort. And I’m very grateful that we were able to do this today.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Berkeley Mayor Jesse Arreguín","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Berkeley’s City Council voted unanimously Tuesday to adopt an ordinance giving the title of the land to the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust, a San Francisco Bay Area collective led by women that works to return land to Indigenous people. The collective raised most of the money needed to reach an agreement with developers who own the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The site will be home to education, prayer and preservation, and will outlast every one of us today to continue telling the story of the Ohlone people,” said Mayor Jesse Arreguín at a celebratory press conference on Fourth Street in Berkeley Wednesday. He said their history is “marked not by adversity, but more importantly, by their unwavering resilience as a community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arreguín added that he thought it was “pretty absurd” that they had to buy the site to give it back to Indigenous people “when this was theirs all along, and we stole it from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I]t’s been a long effort … long, long legal battles, many meetings. People prayed, people protested. But all along, it’s been an incredible community effort. And I’m very grateful that we were able to do this today,” Arreguín said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheyenne Zepeda from the\u003cb> \u003c/b>Confederated Villages of Lisjan Nation said that they’ve been praying and fighting for this recognition for over 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a huge parking lot that’s been paved over, we’re looking towards the train tracks, there’s also the freeway that’s here off of university, and we don’t see the beautiful ground that it was before, but we will … we will again,” Zepeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘[W]e don’t see the beautiful ground that it was before, but we will … we will again.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Cheyenne Zepeda, Confederated Villages of Lisjan Nation","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The crowd cheered as speakers talked of a movement to restore other lands to Indigenous people. The site — a three-block area Berkeley designated as a landmark in 2000 — will be home to native medicines and foods, an oasis for pollinators and wildlife, and a place for youth to learn about their heritage, including ancient dances and ceremonies, said Melissa Nelson, chair of the board of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thousands of years ago, this site was a thriving … urban center for Native Americans, for California Indians with their beautiful shellmounds dotted all around the bay,” Nelson said. “We want to be a place for global Indigenous leadership to come and gather in solidarity. We want to educate, we want to restore, and we want to heal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Spanish colonizers arrived in the region, the area held a village and a massive shell mound with a height of 20 feet and the length and width of a football field that was a ceremonial and burial site. Built over years with mussel, clam and oyster shells, human remains, and artifacts, the mound also served as a lookout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spanish removed the Ohlone from their villages and forced them into labor at local missions. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Anglo settlers took over the land and razed the shell mound to line roadbeds in Berkeley with shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11959169,news_11969401,news_11970846"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The agreement with Berkeley-based Ruegg & Ellsworth LLC, which owns the parking lot, comes after a six-year legal fight that started in 2018 when the developer sued the city after officials denied its application to build a 260-unit apartment building with 50% affordable housing and 27,500 feet of retail and parking space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement was reached after Ruegg & Ellsworth agreed to accept $27 million to settle all outstanding claims and to turn the property over to Berkeley. The Sogorea Te’ Land Trust contributed $25.5 million and Berkeley paid $1.5 million, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trust plans to build a commemorative park with a new shell mound and a cultural center to house some of the pottery, jewelry, baskets and other artifacts found over the years and that are in the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould, co-founder of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust and tribal chair of the Confederated Villages of Lisjan Ohlone, attended Tuesday’s City Council meeting via video conference and wiped away tears after the council voted to return the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mound that once stood there was “a place where we first said goodbye to someone,” she said. “To have this place saved forever, I am beyond words.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Sara Hossaini contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11979268/ohlone-people-rejoice-after-city-of-berkeley-votes-to-return-sacred-land-to-tribe","authors":["byline_news_11979268"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_27626","news_27966","news_21512","news_21733"],"featImg":"news_11979333","label":"news"},"news_11970466":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11970466","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11970466","score":null,"sort":[1703070036000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"connecting-climbers-with-the-native-history-of-indian-and-mortar-rocks","title":"Connecting Climbers with the Native History of Indian and Mortar Rocks","publishDate":1703070036,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Connecting Climbers with the Native History of Indian and Mortar Rocks | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nestled in the Berkeley Hills, Indian and Mortar rocks are popular hangout spots known in part for epic views of the Bay. For climbers like Berkeleyside reporter Ally Markovich, they’re known for their outsized role in the development of bouldering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But for the native Ohlone, the boulders are a symbol of a destroyed cultural landscape, and an urgent call to protect native history.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6238199084\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Links:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Part I: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/12/06/indian-rock-mortar-rock-berkeley-ohlone-indigenous-history\">The stories Indian and Mortar rocks can tell us\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Part II: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/12/07/rock-climbing-indian-rock-mortar-rock\">How Berkeley’s famous boulders took rock climbing to new heights\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local News to Keep You Rooted. Growing up, Ally Markovich loved to climb things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I was always scrambling on trees and rocks. And yeah, one of my first dream jobs is to be a tree climber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>For Ally, now a reporter with Berkeleyside climbing was a gateway to the outdoors. So about five years ago, she got into climbing as a sport. She loved the way that her body felt moving in all these new ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I love this sense of achievement. When I succeeded at a climb that I couldn’t even start a couple of weeks ago. Now it’s a huge part of my life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Some of Ally’s favorite spots to climb are Indian and mortar rocks, these famous boulders tucked into an upscale residential neighborhood in Berkeley. Dozens of people visit the rocks every day for the breathtaking views of the Bay Area from the top. And lots of climbers like Ali go there to grab the same holds that legends of the sport once did. These rocks are sacred not just for climbers, but for native communities who have made the Bay Area home for thousands of years. Even though that cultural significance is rarely recognized by those who visit. For native people, the invisible history of the rocks is representative of a destroyed cultural landscape worth protecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indigenous people have for a long time been excluded from telling the story of Berkeley and of Indian and water rocks. And yet through that there’s their incredible resistance and survival, and they’re still here and fighting for their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, we’ll talk with Ally Markovich about her two part series for Berkeley Side on the native history of Indian and water rocks and the role that climbers like her can play in helping to remember it. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So I’ve been to Indian Rock to hang out with my friends before, as many people do. But for those who maybe aren’t familiar, can you describe these rocks and where they are?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indian and mortar rocks are a handful of boulders nestled into a prestigious neighborhood near the base of the Berkeley Hills. They’re not too much taller than the houses nearby, but from the top of Indian rock, you have this super beautiful view of the bay. It feels like you can see everything. The Golden Gate Bridge, the cranes in West Oakland Mountain. It’s that view that draws so many people to the rocks. It’s just one of those iconic Berkeley places. Like if you live in the East Bay, chances are you visited Indian Rock to watch the sunset. Maybe you shared Cheeseboard pizza like me with your friends at the top. And it’s also an extremely popular motoring destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What is the allure of these rocks in the climbing community specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>It’s like a rare spot where there’s like really good solid rock climbing, even though it’s in a small space, right in a city. And it’s not that hard to get to A lot of climbing. Legends have climbed here, starting in about in the 1930s. People will definitely recognize Alex Honnold. People like Dave and Brad and Dick Leonard, who end up leading the Sierra Club in the thirties. A lot of techniques around safety that actually engendered a lot of the ambitious, roped climbing in Yosemite sort of started at Indian Rock, and then later the sport of climbing in general began to transition to something much more powerful and dynamic, and the dynamism became defining elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>And one of the places that that happened was in the shift of climbers from Indian Rock across the street to murder rock. And I think it remains a really important goalpost for climbers. But there’s also the like, spirit of the place or something like a little something a little bit more magical, like guidebooks call the rocks, the heart and soul of Bay Area climbing, or also heard the granddaddy of Bay area climbing. And I think that combination captures it. And it’s the kind of place that a lot of climbers devote their lives to. So I think there’s something about them that inspire this. Kind of devotional level of commitment to the rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m curious what role they’ve played in your climbing journey over the years. I mean, are they places you you frequent as a as a climber?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I climb there a lot during the pandemic when climbing gyms closed. And so it became during that time an important place of respect for me and a place that I could connect with my friends, connect with nature. And Indian Rock was one of those places where I could find those special, momentary, fleeting connections with people I didn’t know, which I really loved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It sounds like it’s been a big part of your life as a climber, especially in the last couple of years and as someone living in Berkeley. How then did you start reporting on this longer storied history of these rocks beyond the climbing world?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>In some ways I started with an obvious question, which was Why is this place called Indian Rock? I wanted to know what a lot of people thought of the rock climbers. I wondered whether a lot of people thought that coming on these rocks was problematic. I also wanted to know about the space in general. Like, why? Why the rocks became parks? Who made them? Yeah. But those are some of the questions that I started off with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And also, like, what what exactly, I guess, is the the significance of these rocks to Native folks? What did you learn about the role that these rocks have played in the lives of the native communities in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>So I learned that the rocks are a link between the past and the present for a many people who have made the Bay Area home for thousands of years, or, as I’d say, since time immemorial or the beginning of the world. And it remains a place of cultural significance to a lot of people. Today, I got to be immersed in an entire world view. One aspect of that is many. Aloni like many indigenous people, see things in the natural world like rocks as living beings with a life of their own, a personality of their own. They see them as ancestors or relatives. That’s something that I already really. Felt in some ways being an Indian rock. That’s what drew me to this story, this feeling that there was like more here than just a rock. But learning about the indigenous perspective on that was really powerful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Can you tell me who you met to sort of help you learn about this native history? And what are some of the things that they told you about their connections to these rocks?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Two of the women I met were Monica Arellano and Gloria Arellano Gomez. Monicas the vice chair of the Maloney Tribe, and Gloria is her sister and a former council member of the tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>They were used to processed plant meat and fish. Are people gathered? And why are there so many of the mortars? And in one location? Because it was like a social gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>They brought their three children to the rocks who immediately just disappeared into the park, running around, exploring, doing kid things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>They don’t even realize how special this site is. Right. Yeah. The spiritual elements, I guess you could say to an otro significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>There is a powerful moment in the story when Monica sees herself and her family reflected there and how a lonely ancestors might have also spent time in that same place. Families talking, preparing food while their children scamper around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>It’s like, Wow, you know, our ancestors walked through here. They use this as a processing location. They visited, you know, just like our children are running around right now. You know, our ancestors, the little children riding around. So to have that, you know, that kind of reflection, it just like, I don’t know, it makes me emotional, you know? And I appreciate that. It’s still here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So many people visit these rocks every day in Berkeley. And this native history doesn’t always necessarily feel present. So why don’t you think more people know about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indigenous people have for a long time been excluded from telling the story of Berkeley and of Indian and mortar rocks. I think the names are actually really emblematic of the attempts to erase the indigenous people from the stories. If you think about a name like Indian Rock, it couldn’t be more inaccurate or anonymous. California was densely populated with diverse groups of indigenous people with different traditions and stories and cultures, and then settlers slapped on Indian Rock, eclipsing all of those rich histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>How do we figure out how to take care of these special places?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I also met Corrina Gould at the Rocks. Corrina leads the Confederated Villages of Legion and this Great Land Trust. She says Berkeley grew up without us here for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>How do we know how to ask permission as guests on this land?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I think you’re right. Visitors really rarely engage with native history at the parks, beyond on site parks, if they even pay attention to that. But I think what’s missing from that story is the living culture of the Yellowknife people. They’re current. They’re very much alive. Not in the past. I think people don’t recognize the ongoing development of the culture that exists today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What does it meant that the native significance has not been recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Historically when climbers are practicing the techniques that they were developing in the thirties and forties. That was in some ways a time when more of a damage happened to the rock. So, for example, hammering in nails called pitons into the rocks repeatedly would scar out a crack and widen it. So that’s an example of the kind of damage that is, I wouldn’t say widespread at the rocks, but is there for sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>So I think one of the products of people’s ignorance is that if they’re engaging with the waters at all, non-Indigenous people are often doing so without understanding their significance to Indigenous people and the rich history that preceded them. So when I started reporting this story, someone or many people maybe had been grinding in the mortars. Some native people consider that to be desecration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>If this was a church for a synagogue, something like that, that happened, maybe use that as though it was a hate crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Corrina had heard that the mortars had been damaged. And when we got there, she made a beeline for the mortars around the back of modern Rock Park. And and when she saw the damage, she called it a huge wound. This is the first 10 minutes of us meeting each other, and it introduced me to her view of Indian and mortar rocks as a sacred place. I think it’s notable that at the top of Indian rock, that beautiful view we all enjoy is a view of what Karina called the Western gate, where the Golden Gate Bridge now is. As Corrina said, the WHO channel only saw that as the end of their world. And in the religion, she said, spirits leave the world through the western gate. So it’s really notable that that’s a place that gives access to that view, and maybe in part because of that is a spiritual place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I’m wondering, Ally, how would people like Corrina and Monica like to see the native significance of these rocks honored? Like, what would that look like exactly for them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Monica Arellano said that she would love to see the park renamed by the city in the ten year old only language as opposed to having it be called the murder rock. She also talked about wanting to add more prominent signage. She does like it’s hard for people to realize and have appreciation for the cultural significance of the place. For Corrina, she would prefer a place that references the area’s significance as a sacred place. And one thing that she talked about was what it might be like to hold private ceremonies at Indian Rock. You know, for there to be a time where she and other native people could gather when the park was closed to the general public and, you know, renew the relationship with that area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Oh, I want to move on to kind of come back to you as a reporter, but also as a climber and someone who has an appreciation and a reverence for these rocks. I mean, you did all this reporting for over a year. Is it fair to say your reporting has changed your relationship with these rocks and to climbing as well?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>It has. I think climbers are really good at seeing a lot of aspects of the rock that are invisible to other people, like they’re good at making out a route out of just what someone else looks like, a sheer wall face. You know, they’re really good at knowing just the right way to tell whether a hold is going to crumble out from under them and they shouldn’t touch it or whether it’s strong. But what I think that we are not as good at as climbers is listening to the other stories that the rocks are telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Something that I love about Corrina Gould said was The Rocks will tell us these stories if we listen to them. And I think it’s made me try to be more attuned to the other stories of not only Indian and water rocks, but of the other places that I’m climbing. On a broader scale. It’s not just Indian rock. It’s in too many indigenous people. It’s an entire sacred landscape, right, that’s been developed into these bustling cities that so many of us love and that we call home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>And so I think like how we engage with the significance of a place like Indian and mortar rock in some ways begs the question of, like, how do we engage with our cities, given the fact that these are really significant landscapes as a whole to native people that have been in many ways taken over?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Ally, I really appreciate you for sharing your story with us and your reporting as well. Thank you so much for for joining us on the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Yeah, thank you for having me. I really enjoyed the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Ally Markovich, a reporter for Berkeleyside. By the way, if you want to read Ally’s two part series for Berkeley side on Indian and Mortar rocks, I’ll leave you link to the stories in our show news. This conversation with Ally was cut down and edited by producer Maria Esquinca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>We’re getting help this week from Adhiti Bandlamudi, who scored this episode and added all the tape. Additional production support from me. If you like this episode, send it to one other person. Word of mouth is one of the best ways that you can help us grow our show. The Bay is a production of member supported people powered KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1703114302,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":54,"wordCount":2927},"headData":{"title":"Connecting Climbers with the Native History of Indian and Mortar Rocks | KQED","description":"View the full episode transcript. Nestled in the Berkeley Hills, Indian and Mortar rocks are popular hangout spots known in part for epic views of the Bay. For climbers like Berkeleyside reporter Ally Markovich, they’re known for their outsized role in the development of bouldering. But for the native Ohlone, the boulders are a symbol of a destroyed cultural landscape, and an urgent call to protect native history. Links: Part I: The stories Indian and Mortar rocks can tell us Part II: How Berkeley’s famous boulders took rock climbing to new heights Episode Transcript This is a computer-generated transcript. While","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Connecting Climbers with the Native History of Indian and Mortar Rocks","datePublished":"2023-12-20T11:00:36.000Z","dateModified":"2023-12-20T23:18:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6238199084.mp3?updated=1703024898","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11970466/connecting-climbers-with-the-native-history-of-indian-and-mortar-rocks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nestled in the Berkeley Hills, Indian and Mortar rocks are popular hangout spots known in part for epic views of the Bay. For climbers like Berkeleyside reporter Ally Markovich, they’re known for their outsized role in the development of bouldering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But for the native Ohlone, the boulders are a symbol of a destroyed cultural landscape, and an urgent call to protect native history.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6238199084\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Links:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Part I: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/12/06/indian-rock-mortar-rock-berkeley-ohlone-indigenous-history\">The stories Indian and Mortar rocks can tell us\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Part II: \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/12/07/rock-climbing-indian-rock-mortar-rock\">How Berkeley’s famous boulders took rock climbing to new heights\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local News to Keep You Rooted. Growing up, Ally Markovich loved to climb things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I was always scrambling on trees and rocks. And yeah, one of my first dream jobs is to be a tree climber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>For Ally, now a reporter with Berkeleyside climbing was a gateway to the outdoors. So about five years ago, she got into climbing as a sport. She loved the way that her body felt moving in all these new ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I love this sense of achievement. When I succeeded at a climb that I couldn’t even start a couple of weeks ago. Now it’s a huge part of my life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Some of Ally’s favorite spots to climb are Indian and mortar rocks, these famous boulders tucked into an upscale residential neighborhood in Berkeley. Dozens of people visit the rocks every day for the breathtaking views of the Bay Area from the top. And lots of climbers like Ali go there to grab the same holds that legends of the sport once did. These rocks are sacred not just for climbers, but for native communities who have made the Bay Area home for thousands of years. Even though that cultural significance is rarely recognized by those who visit. For native people, the invisible history of the rocks is representative of a destroyed cultural landscape worth protecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indigenous people have for a long time been excluded from telling the story of Berkeley and of Indian and water rocks. And yet through that there’s their incredible resistance and survival, and they’re still here and fighting for their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, we’ll talk with Ally Markovich about her two part series for Berkeley Side on the native history of Indian and water rocks and the role that climbers like her can play in helping to remember it. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So I’ve been to Indian Rock to hang out with my friends before, as many people do. But for those who maybe aren’t familiar, can you describe these rocks and where they are?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indian and mortar rocks are a handful of boulders nestled into a prestigious neighborhood near the base of the Berkeley Hills. They’re not too much taller than the houses nearby, but from the top of Indian rock, you have this super beautiful view of the bay. It feels like you can see everything. The Golden Gate Bridge, the cranes in West Oakland Mountain. It’s that view that draws so many people to the rocks. It’s just one of those iconic Berkeley places. Like if you live in the East Bay, chances are you visited Indian Rock to watch the sunset. Maybe you shared Cheeseboard pizza like me with your friends at the top. And it’s also an extremely popular motoring destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What is the allure of these rocks in the climbing community specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>It’s like a rare spot where there’s like really good solid rock climbing, even though it’s in a small space, right in a city. And it’s not that hard to get to A lot of climbing. Legends have climbed here, starting in about in the 1930s. People will definitely recognize Alex Honnold. People like Dave and Brad and Dick Leonard, who end up leading the Sierra Club in the thirties. A lot of techniques around safety that actually engendered a lot of the ambitious, roped climbing in Yosemite sort of started at Indian Rock, and then later the sport of climbing in general began to transition to something much more powerful and dynamic, and the dynamism became defining elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>And one of the places that that happened was in the shift of climbers from Indian Rock across the street to murder rock. And I think it remains a really important goalpost for climbers. But there’s also the like, spirit of the place or something like a little something a little bit more magical, like guidebooks call the rocks, the heart and soul of Bay Area climbing, or also heard the granddaddy of Bay area climbing. And I think that combination captures it. And it’s the kind of place that a lot of climbers devote their lives to. So I think there’s something about them that inspire this. Kind of devotional level of commitment to the rocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m curious what role they’ve played in your climbing journey over the years. I mean, are they places you you frequent as a as a climber?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I climb there a lot during the pandemic when climbing gyms closed. And so it became during that time an important place of respect for me and a place that I could connect with my friends, connect with nature. And Indian Rock was one of those places where I could find those special, momentary, fleeting connections with people I didn’t know, which I really loved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It sounds like it’s been a big part of your life as a climber, especially in the last couple of years and as someone living in Berkeley. How then did you start reporting on this longer storied history of these rocks beyond the climbing world?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>In some ways I started with an obvious question, which was Why is this place called Indian Rock? I wanted to know what a lot of people thought of the rock climbers. I wondered whether a lot of people thought that coming on these rocks was problematic. I also wanted to know about the space in general. Like, why? Why the rocks became parks? Who made them? Yeah. But those are some of the questions that I started off with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And also, like, what what exactly, I guess, is the the significance of these rocks to Native folks? What did you learn about the role that these rocks have played in the lives of the native communities in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>So I learned that the rocks are a link between the past and the present for a many people who have made the Bay Area home for thousands of years, or, as I’d say, since time immemorial or the beginning of the world. And it remains a place of cultural significance to a lot of people. Today, I got to be immersed in an entire world view. One aspect of that is many. Aloni like many indigenous people, see things in the natural world like rocks as living beings with a life of their own, a personality of their own. They see them as ancestors or relatives. That’s something that I already really. Felt in some ways being an Indian rock. That’s what drew me to this story, this feeling that there was like more here than just a rock. But learning about the indigenous perspective on that was really powerful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Can you tell me who you met to sort of help you learn about this native history? And what are some of the things that they told you about their connections to these rocks?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Two of the women I met were Monica Arellano and Gloria Arellano Gomez. Monicas the vice chair of the Maloney Tribe, and Gloria is her sister and a former council member of the tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>They were used to processed plant meat and fish. Are people gathered? And why are there so many of the mortars? And in one location? Because it was like a social gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>They brought their three children to the rocks who immediately just disappeared into the park, running around, exploring, doing kid things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>They don’t even realize how special this site is. Right. Yeah. The spiritual elements, I guess you could say to an otro significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>There is a powerful moment in the story when Monica sees herself and her family reflected there and how a lonely ancestors might have also spent time in that same place. Families talking, preparing food while their children scamper around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Monica Arellano: \u003c/strong>It’s like, Wow, you know, our ancestors walked through here. They use this as a processing location. They visited, you know, just like our children are running around right now. You know, our ancestors, the little children riding around. So to have that, you know, that kind of reflection, it just like, I don’t know, it makes me emotional, you know? And I appreciate that. It’s still here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So many people visit these rocks every day in Berkeley. And this native history doesn’t always necessarily feel present. So why don’t you think more people know about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Indigenous people have for a long time been excluded from telling the story of Berkeley and of Indian and mortar rocks. I think the names are actually really emblematic of the attempts to erase the indigenous people from the stories. If you think about a name like Indian Rock, it couldn’t be more inaccurate or anonymous. California was densely populated with diverse groups of indigenous people with different traditions and stories and cultures, and then settlers slapped on Indian Rock, eclipsing all of those rich histories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>How do we figure out how to take care of these special places?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I also met Corrina Gould at the Rocks. Corrina leads the Confederated Villages of Legion and this Great Land Trust. She says Berkeley grew up without us here for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>How do we know how to ask permission as guests on this land?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>I think you’re right. Visitors really rarely engage with native history at the parks, beyond on site parks, if they even pay attention to that. But I think what’s missing from that story is the living culture of the Yellowknife people. They’re current. They’re very much alive. Not in the past. I think people don’t recognize the ongoing development of the culture that exists today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What does it meant that the native significance has not been recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Historically when climbers are practicing the techniques that they were developing in the thirties and forties. That was in some ways a time when more of a damage happened to the rock. So, for example, hammering in nails called pitons into the rocks repeatedly would scar out a crack and widen it. So that’s an example of the kind of damage that is, I wouldn’t say widespread at the rocks, but is there for sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>So I think one of the products of people’s ignorance is that if they’re engaging with the waters at all, non-Indigenous people are often doing so without understanding their significance to Indigenous people and the rich history that preceded them. So when I started reporting this story, someone or many people maybe had been grinding in the mortars. Some native people consider that to be desecration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Corrina Gould: \u003c/strong>If this was a church for a synagogue, something like that, that happened, maybe use that as though it was a hate crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Corrina had heard that the mortars had been damaged. And when we got there, she made a beeline for the mortars around the back of modern Rock Park. And and when she saw the damage, she called it a huge wound. This is the first 10 minutes of us meeting each other, and it introduced me to her view of Indian and mortar rocks as a sacred place. I think it’s notable that at the top of Indian rock, that beautiful view we all enjoy is a view of what Karina called the Western gate, where the Golden Gate Bridge now is. As Corrina said, the WHO channel only saw that as the end of their world. And in the religion, she said, spirits leave the world through the western gate. So it’s really notable that that’s a place that gives access to that view, and maybe in part because of that is a spiritual place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I’m wondering, Ally, how would people like Corrina and Monica like to see the native significance of these rocks honored? Like, what would that look like exactly for them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Monica Arellano said that she would love to see the park renamed by the city in the ten year old only language as opposed to having it be called the murder rock. She also talked about wanting to add more prominent signage. She does like it’s hard for people to realize and have appreciation for the cultural significance of the place. For Corrina, she would prefer a place that references the area’s significance as a sacred place. And one thing that she talked about was what it might be like to hold private ceremonies at Indian Rock. You know, for there to be a time where she and other native people could gather when the park was closed to the general public and, you know, renew the relationship with that area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Oh, I want to move on to kind of come back to you as a reporter, but also as a climber and someone who has an appreciation and a reverence for these rocks. I mean, you did all this reporting for over a year. Is it fair to say your reporting has changed your relationship with these rocks and to climbing as well?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>It has. I think climbers are really good at seeing a lot of aspects of the rock that are invisible to other people, like they’re good at making out a route out of just what someone else looks like, a sheer wall face. You know, they’re really good at knowing just the right way to tell whether a hold is going to crumble out from under them and they shouldn’t touch it or whether it’s strong. But what I think that we are not as good at as climbers is listening to the other stories that the rocks are telling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Something that I love about Corrina Gould said was The Rocks will tell us these stories if we listen to them. And I think it’s made me try to be more attuned to the other stories of not only Indian and water rocks, but of the other places that I’m climbing. On a broader scale. It’s not just Indian rock. It’s in too many indigenous people. It’s an entire sacred landscape, right, that’s been developed into these bustling cities that so many of us love and that we call home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>And so I think like how we engage with the significance of a place like Indian and mortar rock in some ways begs the question of, like, how do we engage with our cities, given the fact that these are really significant landscapes as a whole to native people that have been in many ways taken over?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Ally, I really appreciate you for sharing your story with us and your reporting as well. Thank you so much for for joining us on the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ally Markovich: \u003c/strong>Yeah, thank you for having me. I really enjoyed the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Ally Markovich, a reporter for Berkeleyside. By the way, if you want to read Ally’s two part series for Berkeley side on Indian and Mortar rocks, I’ll leave you link to the stories in our show news. This conversation with Ally was cut down and edited by producer Maria Esquinca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>We’re getting help this week from Adhiti Bandlamudi, who scored this episode and added all the tape. Additional production support from me. If you like this episode, send it to one other person. Word of mouth is one of the best ways that you can help us grow our show. The Bay is a production of member supported people powered KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11970466/connecting-climbers-with-the-native-history-of-indian-and-mortar-rocks","authors":["8654","11802","11672"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_33680","news_21733","news_23447","news_22598"],"featImg":"news_11970469","label":"source_news_11970466"},"news_11957413":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11957413","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11957413","score":null,"sort":[1691179204000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"100-million-grant-to-assist-california-native-tribes-with-buying-back-land","title":"$100 Million Grant to Assist California Native Tribes With Buying Back Land","publishDate":1691179204,"format":"standard","headTitle":"$100 Million Grant to Assist California Native Tribes With Buying Back Land | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Native American tribes in California can apply for money to help buy back lands they lost during colonization, the California Natural Resources Agency announced Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intention of the $100 million Tribal Nature-Based Solutions grant program is to advance the state’s climate goals by giving tribes the opportunity to buy land for conservation and cultural projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The purpose of the grant program really is to strengthen our partnerships with tribes in the natural resources conservation and environmental space,” said Geneva Thompson, Deputy Secretary of Tribal Affairs for the agency. The grant program is part of a broader strategy in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration to promote “nature-based” solutions to climate change, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.californianature.ca.gov/\">30×30 plan\u003c/a> to conserve 30% of California’s lands and coastal waters by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that the lands benefit and are healthier by being stewarded by tribes and by being lived with in relation to tribal traditional ecological knowledge [and] cultural practices,” Thompson said. The grant will assist tribes to “reacquire those lands to ensure that tribes are back in the stewardship role.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forestry management and restoration through cultural burning, or the use of fire to manage land, is one type of project that tribes can propose to apply for this money. Initiatives to recover ancestral knowledge and practices, such as traditional food harvesting, will also be considered. Newsom announced the grant program during a Truth and Healing Council meeting last year.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Geneva Thompson, deputy secretary of tribal affairs, California Natural Resources Agency\"]‘We know that the lands benefit and are healthier by being stewarded by tribes and by being lived with in relation to tribal traditional ecological knowledge [and] cultural practices.’[/pullquote]Thompson said in the process of developing guidelines for this grant program, 45 tribes were consulted and ancestral land return was a top priority. Housing for tribal members was also a concern brought up by tribal representatives, she said, but lands purchased through this grant program cannot be lived on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are 109 federally-recognized tribes in California, and more than 40 tribes have applied for federal status. Thompson said that all California Native American tribes are eligible to apply for the grant, regardless of federally-recognized status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some tribes have raised concerns over the focus of the grant program. Muwekma Ohlone Chairwoman Charlene Nijmeh said in an email that her tribe is open to developing a project for this grant, but “too much focus is on plants and animals and not the native people. It’s a perpetuation of colonialism and performative allyship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for the tribe also wrote in an email that they were not informed of the grant program. Chairwoman Nijmeh also said her tribe was also not included in Newsom’s Truth and Healing Council initiative.[aside label='More on Envrionmental News' tag='environment']The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe, which currently has 614 members, is not a federally-recognized tribe. They lost that status in 1927 when their tribe, along with more than a hundred other tribes in California, were deemed not in need of land by a \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1056&context=hornbeck_usa_3_d\">report on landless tribes (CGI)\u003c/a> issued by an agent for the Bureau of Indian Affairs (at the time called Indian Services).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With few exceptions, tribes that did not gain land then still are landless today, including the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe, whose members say they’ve called the San Francisco Bay Area home for more than 10,000 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1851 and 1852, tribes across California \u003ca href=\"https://americanindian.si.edu/nationtonation/unratified-california-treaty-k.html\">signed 18 treaties\u003c/a> with the U.S. government, relinquishing their territories in exchange for a total of 7.5 million acres of reservations — but the Senate never ratified them. Native people, who had already left their territories, were turned away from the lands allocated in the unratified treaties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor’s Office of Tribal Affairs Secretary Christina Snider-Ashtari said in a press release that the grant program “is a step in the right direction to begin to address some of the historical wrongs committed against California Native peoples.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/California-Launches-Grant-Program-to-Support-California-Native-American-Tribes\">The California Natural Resources Agency\u003c/a> will be hosting a series of webinars for interested tribes, and the first round of applications will be due on Aug. 28.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Tribal Nature-Based Solutions program targets the state's climate goals by giving tribes the chance to buy land for conservation and cultural projects.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706904599,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":726},"headData":{"title":"$100 Million Grant to Assist California Native Tribes With Buying Back Land | KQED","description":"The Tribal Nature-Based Solutions program targets the state's climate goals by giving tribes the chance to buy land for conservation and cultural projects.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"$100 Million Grant to Assist California Native Tribes With Buying Back Land","datePublished":"2023-08-04T20:00:04.000Z","dateModified":"2024-02-02T20:09:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11957413/100-million-grant-to-assist-california-native-tribes-with-buying-back-land","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Native American tribes in California can apply for money to help buy back lands they lost during colonization, the California Natural Resources Agency announced Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The intention of the $100 million Tribal Nature-Based Solutions grant program is to advance the state’s climate goals by giving tribes the opportunity to buy land for conservation and cultural projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The purpose of the grant program really is to strengthen our partnerships with tribes in the natural resources conservation and environmental space,” said Geneva Thompson, Deputy Secretary of Tribal Affairs for the agency. The grant program is part of a broader strategy in Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration to promote “nature-based” solutions to climate change, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.californianature.ca.gov/\">30×30 plan\u003c/a> to conserve 30% of California’s lands and coastal waters by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that the lands benefit and are healthier by being stewarded by tribes and by being lived with in relation to tribal traditional ecological knowledge [and] cultural practices,” Thompson said. The grant will assist tribes to “reacquire those lands to ensure that tribes are back in the stewardship role.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forestry management and restoration through cultural burning, or the use of fire to manage land, is one type of project that tribes can propose to apply for this money. Initiatives to recover ancestral knowledge and practices, such as traditional food harvesting, will also be considered. Newsom announced the grant program during a Truth and Healing Council meeting last year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We know that the lands benefit and are healthier by being stewarded by tribes and by being lived with in relation to tribal traditional ecological knowledge [and] cultural practices.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Geneva Thompson, deputy secretary of tribal affairs, California Natural Resources Agency","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Thompson said in the process of developing guidelines for this grant program, 45 tribes were consulted and ancestral land return was a top priority. Housing for tribal members was also a concern brought up by tribal representatives, she said, but lands purchased through this grant program cannot be lived on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are 109 federally-recognized tribes in California, and more than 40 tribes have applied for federal status. Thompson said that all California Native American tribes are eligible to apply for the grant, regardless of federally-recognized status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some tribes have raised concerns over the focus of the grant program. Muwekma Ohlone Chairwoman Charlene Nijmeh said in an email that her tribe is open to developing a project for this grant, but “too much focus is on plants and animals and not the native people. It’s a perpetuation of colonialism and performative allyship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A representative for the tribe also wrote in an email that they were not informed of the grant program. Chairwoman Nijmeh also said her tribe was also not included in Newsom’s Truth and Healing Council initiative.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Envrionmental News ","tag":"environment"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe, which currently has 614 members, is not a federally-recognized tribe. They lost that status in 1927 when their tribe, along with more than a hundred other tribes in California, were deemed not in need of land by a \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1056&context=hornbeck_usa_3_d\">report on landless tribes (CGI)\u003c/a> issued by an agent for the Bureau of Indian Affairs (at the time called Indian Services).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With few exceptions, tribes that did not gain land then still are landless today, including the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe, whose members say they’ve called the San Francisco Bay Area home for more than 10,000 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1851 and 1852, tribes across California \u003ca href=\"https://americanindian.si.edu/nationtonation/unratified-california-treaty-k.html\">signed 18 treaties\u003c/a> with the U.S. government, relinquishing their territories in exchange for a total of 7.5 million acres of reservations — but the Senate never ratified them. Native people, who had already left their territories, were turned away from the lands allocated in the unratified treaties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor’s Office of Tribal Affairs Secretary Christina Snider-Ashtari said in a press release that the grant program “is a step in the right direction to begin to address some of the historical wrongs committed against California Native peoples.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/California-Launches-Grant-Program-to-Support-California-Native-American-Tribes\">The California Natural Resources Agency\u003c/a> will be hosting a series of webinars for interested tribes, and the first round of applications will be due on Aug. 28.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11957413/100-million-grant-to-assist-california-native-tribes-with-buying-back-land","authors":["11896"],"categories":["news_31795","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_31791","news_16","news_21512","news_1262","news_21733"],"featImg":"news_11957424","label":"news"},"news_11925121":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11925121","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11925121","score":null,"sort":[1662765640000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"we-have-a-vision-east-bay-ohlone-tribe-looks-to-future-as-oakland-announces-landback-plan","title":"'We Have a Vision': East Bay Ohlone Tribe Looks to Future as Oakland Announces Landback Plan","publishDate":1662765640,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>On Thursday, the City of Oakland announced plans to return about 5 acres of Joaquin Miller Park to the East Bay Ohlone, which would make Oakland the first California city ever to turn over part of a municipal park as part of the Indigenous \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/education/535779/land-back-the-indigenous-fight-to-reclaim-stolen-lands\">Land Back movement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved, the site known as Sequoia Point will be co-stewarded by the Sogorea Te' Land Trust, a women-run nonprofit, and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan, an East Bay Ohlone tribe, through the creation of a cultural conservation easement. Under that arrangement, the city will retain emergency access to the land but grant the trust the right to use it in perpetuity for natural resource restoration, cultural practices and public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Corrina Gould, Lisjan Ohlone tribal chair and co-founder of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust, the announcement is the culmination of nearly five years of planning and conversations with the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a vision of a place in the hills that overlooks our territory, that holds us in a basket as we offer prayers, a way for us to tell our story as Lisjan people,\" said Gould at a press conference announcing the plans. \"A way for us to engage our relatives from all walks of life into stewarding this land in the way that it should be stewarded again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the trust said they're in talks with planners and architects about what the site might look like, including options for a public education component, such as space for workshops about Ohlone heritage and culture and the Indigenous Land Back movement, a growing effort to return stolen land to the descendants of Indigenous people who inhabited it for millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925212\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11925212\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg\" alt=\"a poster board showing a mockup of a gazebo\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-800x593.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-1020x756.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-1536x1138.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At a Sept. 8, 2022, press conference, Oakland officials and members of the Sogorea Te' Land Trust shared a mock-up image of a structure the trust is hoping to build at the Sequoia Point site. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The land transfer must still be approved by several committees, including Oakland's Planning Commission and Parks and Recreation Advisory Committee, and the City Council. City Council Member Sheng Thao, who represents the district in which Sequoia Point is located, will host a community meeting on September 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Corrina Gould, co-founder, Sogorea Te' Land Trust\"]'We have a vision of a place in the hills that overlooks our territory ... a way for us to engage our relatives from all walks of life into stewarding this land in the way that it should be stewarded again.'[/pullquote]Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf said she expects the City Council's approval by the end of the year. Returning the land to Native stewardship, said Schaaf in a statement, is a way to \"offer some redress for past injustices to Native people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope the work we are doing in Oakland with the Sogorea Te' Land Trust can serve as a model for other cities working to return Indigenous land to the Indigenous community we stole it from,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11902489,news_11848769,news_11903991\"]Land transfers to Native American groups have made headlines in recent years elsewhere in California. In January, the San Francisco-based Save the Redwoods League bought a remote 523-acre plot of redwoods on the Lost Coast and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11902489/a-real-blessing-tribal-group-reclaims-more-than-500-acres-of-northern-california-redwoods\">transferred ownership to the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council\u003c/a>, or Sinkyone Council, which includes members of 10 federally recognized tribes in Mendocino and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sequoia Point would mark a notable outgrowth of the movement into a densely populated city — one of the first times municipal urban land has been returned to a Native group in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said that for Native people, an announcement like Thursday's is just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really want to lift up that the city of Oakland is the first one to do this,\" she said. \"And I'm hoping that we can use this as a blueprint for other cities that say, 'We can't do this.' There are other tribes around California that want this to happen ... they can use this as an example: Yes, it can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On Thursday, Oakland officials announced plans to return about 5 acres of Joaquin Miller Park to Ohlone stewardship, which would make Oakland the first California city ever to turn over part of a municipal park as part of the Indigenous Land Back movement.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1665437344,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":693},"headData":{"title":"'We Have a Vision': East Bay Ohlone Tribe Looks to Future as Oakland Announces Landback Plan | KQED","description":"On Thursday, Oakland officials announced plans to return about 5 acres of Joaquin Miller Park to Ohlone stewardship, which would make Oakland the first California city ever to turn over part of a municipal park as part of the Indigenous Land Back movement.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'We Have a Vision': East Bay Ohlone Tribe Looks to Future as Oakland Announces Landback Plan","datePublished":"2022-09-09T23:20:40.000Z","dateModified":"2022-10-10T21:29:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11925121 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11925121","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/09/09/we-have-a-vision-east-bay-ohlone-tribe-looks-to-future-as-oakland-announces-landback-plan/","disqusTitle":"'We Have a Vision': East Bay Ohlone Tribe Looks to Future as Oakland Announces Landback Plan","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/cf46f58b-34f1-49df-be0e-af0e014aa02f/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11925121/we-have-a-vision-east-bay-ohlone-tribe-looks-to-future-as-oakland-announces-landback-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Thursday, the City of Oakland announced plans to return about 5 acres of Joaquin Miller Park to the East Bay Ohlone, which would make Oakland the first California city ever to turn over part of a municipal park as part of the Indigenous \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/education/535779/land-back-the-indigenous-fight-to-reclaim-stolen-lands\">Land Back movement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved, the site known as Sequoia Point will be co-stewarded by the Sogorea Te' Land Trust, a women-run nonprofit, and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan, an East Bay Ohlone tribe, through the creation of a cultural conservation easement. Under that arrangement, the city will retain emergency access to the land but grant the trust the right to use it in perpetuity for natural resource restoration, cultural practices and public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Corrina Gould, Lisjan Ohlone tribal chair and co-founder of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust, the announcement is the culmination of nearly five years of planning and conversations with the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a vision of a place in the hills that overlooks our territory, that holds us in a basket as we offer prayers, a way for us to tell our story as Lisjan people,\" said Gould at a press conference announcing the plans. \"A way for us to engage our relatives from all walks of life into stewarding this land in the way that it should be stewarded again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the trust said they're in talks with planners and architects about what the site might look like, including options for a public education component, such as space for workshops about Ohlone heritage and culture and the Indigenous Land Back movement, a growing effort to return stolen land to the descendants of Indigenous people who inhabited it for millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925212\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11925212\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg\" alt=\"a poster board showing a mockup of a gazebo\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1423\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-800x593.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-1020x756.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/IMG_8787-2-1-1536x1138.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At a Sept. 8, 2022, press conference, Oakland officials and members of the Sogorea Te' Land Trust shared a mock-up image of a structure the trust is hoping to build at the Sequoia Point site. \u003ccite>(Annelise Finney/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The land transfer must still be approved by several committees, including Oakland's Planning Commission and Parks and Recreation Advisory Committee, and the City Council. City Council Member Sheng Thao, who represents the district in which Sequoia Point is located, will host a community meeting on September 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We have a vision of a place in the hills that overlooks our territory ... a way for us to engage our relatives from all walks of life into stewarding this land in the way that it should be stewarded again.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Corrina Gould, co-founder, Sogorea Te' Land Trust","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf said she expects the City Council's approval by the end of the year. Returning the land to Native stewardship, said Schaaf in a statement, is a way to \"offer some redress for past injustices to Native people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hope the work we are doing in Oakland with the Sogorea Te' Land Trust can serve as a model for other cities working to return Indigenous land to the Indigenous community we stole it from,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11902489,news_11848769,news_11903991"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Land transfers to Native American groups have made headlines in recent years elsewhere in California. In January, the San Francisco-based Save the Redwoods League bought a remote 523-acre plot of redwoods on the Lost Coast and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11902489/a-real-blessing-tribal-group-reclaims-more-than-500-acres-of-northern-california-redwoods\">transferred ownership to the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council\u003c/a>, or Sinkyone Council, which includes members of 10 federally recognized tribes in Mendocino and Lake counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sequoia Point would mark a notable outgrowth of the movement into a densely populated city — one of the first times municipal urban land has been returned to a Native group in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said that for Native people, an announcement like Thursday's is just the beginning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I really want to lift up that the city of Oakland is the first one to do this,\" she said. \"And I'm hoping that we can use this as a blueprint for other cities that say, 'We can't do this.' There are other tribes around California that want this to happen ... they can use this as an example: Yes, it can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11925121/we-have-a-vision-east-bay-ohlone-tribe-looks-to-future-as-oakland-announces-landback-plan","authors":["7237","11772"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_31097","news_27966","news_28859","news_28042","news_29002","news_18","news_21733"],"featImg":"news_11925209","label":"news"},"news_11910149":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11910149","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11910149","score":null,"sort":[1649066411000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-curious-the-history-of-the-bays-425-shellmounds","title":"Bay Curious: The History of the Bay’s 425 Shellmounds","publishDate":1649066411,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Bay Curious: The History of the Bay’s 425 Shellmounds | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the Emeryville shoreline was a shopping center and commercial area, it was the site of a sacred burial site belonging to the Ohlone people, natives of the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There were once more than 425 of these shellmounds across the Bay Area. And today, native people are still working to protect what’s left of them. The Bay Curious podcast explores the history of these shellmounds, and what happened to them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3x4KVUZ\">\u003cem>Episode Transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This episode of\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\"> Bay Curious\u003c/a> first aired on Nov. 8, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9222326196&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700690683,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":91},"headData":{"title":"Bay Curious: The History of the Bay’s 425 Shellmounds | KQED","description":"Before the Emeryville shoreline was a shopping center and commercial area, it was the site of a sacred burial site belonging to the Ohlone people, natives of the San Francisco Bay Area. There were once more than 425 of these shellmounds across the Bay Area. And today, native people are still working to protect what’s","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Bay Curious: The History of the Bay’s 425 Shellmounds","datePublished":"2022-04-04T10:00:11.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-22T22:04:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9222326196.mp3?updated=1648847233","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11910149/bay-curious-the-history-of-the-bays-425-shellmounds","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the Emeryville shoreline was a shopping center and commercial area, it was the site of a sacred burial site belonging to the Ohlone people, natives of the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There were once more than 425 of these shellmounds across the Bay Area. And today, native people are still working to protect what’s left of them. The Bay Curious podcast explores the history of these shellmounds, and what happened to them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3x4KVUZ\">\u003cem>Episode Transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This episode of\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\"> Bay Curious\u003c/a> first aired on Nov. 8, 2018. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9222326196&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11910149/bay-curious-the-history-of-the-bays-425-shellmounds","authors":["8654","102","8648"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_21733","news_30831","news_22598"],"featImg":"news_11704735","label":"source_news_11910149"},"news_11704679":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11704679","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11704679","score":null,"sort":[1648116052000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go","title":"There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go?","publishDate":1648116052,"format":"standard","headTitle":"There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on Nov. 8, 2018. Since then, the California Court of Appeals ruled that \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/07/29/development-spengers-parking-lot-can-proceed-ohlone-shellmound-ruling\">a housing development could move forward on the West Berkeley Shellmound site\u003c/a>, despite arguments by the city of Berkeley and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan. Berkeley appealed the ruling, but the State Supreme Court declined to hear the case.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]Y[/dropcap]ou may associate the Emeryville shoreline with shops, or the Scandinavian furniture store Ikea. But what you may not know is that before this place was a commercial area, a different human-made structure towered above Bay Area residents: a shellmound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving down Shellmound Street may tip you off, too. It did for Bay Curious listener Paul Gilbert, who used to live and work in Emeryville. He would cross Shellmound Street every day for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And somewhere along the way I’d heard the story that there used to be a Native American mound of shells somewhere along the shore,” Gilbert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind Shellmound Street in Emeryville, and what happened to the Native American shellmounds that I heard it was named after?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shellmounds are human-made mounds of earth and organic matter that were built up over thousands of years. They were created by the people native to the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mounds served many purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shellmounds are created by my ancestors as ceremonial places and as burial sites,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sogoreate-landtrust.org/staff-board/\">Corrina Gould\u003c/a>, tribal spokesperson for the Confederated Villages of Lisjan and co-director of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust. The Lisjan are one of more than 40 native groups that call the greater Bay Area their home. As colonizers came to Northern California, they lumped these distinct Indigenous groups into one. These days this larger group is sometimes called the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704735\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704735\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould said innumerable burials were found in shellmounds: “Children buried with their mothers who had been lost in childbirth. Elders with babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bodies were then covered with layers of soil, shell and rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mussel (like those pictured here), clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mussel shells (like those pictured here) and clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name. \u003ccite>(David Gee/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing bigger over time, the shellmounds transformed the flatlands by the bay waters into an undulating, awe-inspiring scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shellmounds also served as an active space for the living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would come and they would trade with each other, and they would have ceremony at the top of these mounds,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archaeologists have found remnants of communal fireplaces, workshops and homes in the mounds. They were so central to community life that it seems there wasn’t even time for topsoil to build up or for grasses to grow, said UC Berkeley anthropology professor \u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.berkeley.edu/kent-lightfoot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kent Lightfoot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their height, sometimes taller than 30 feet, served as a focal point to navigate across the bay waters, or to communicate with other tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could send signals to other people across the bay because you could see their fires,” Gould said, saying the signals could, among other things, warn groups about toxic red tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704736\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704736\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1020x787.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1200x925.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut.jpg 1582w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s all of these things that are in these mounds that tell us this rich history of our people for thousands and thousands of years,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould is referring to remnants of daily Ohlone life, like remnants of the foods that sustained them: not only the mussel, clam and oyster shells that give the mounds their name, but traces of salmon and sturgeon, deer and acorns from the ample oak trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many shellmounds were in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay Area was a popular place to live for Native Americans. Natural resources from both water and land were abundant here. The area from Point Sur in the south to the Carquinez Strait in the north was one of the most densely populated places for Indigenous people north of Mexico, with roughly 10,000 inhabitants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these people meant a lot of villages, and therefore a lot of shellmounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704814 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg\" alt=\"Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone as Sigorea Te. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone people as Sogorea Te’. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But as colonizers came to California in the 1700s and 1800s, the native population was devastated. They were killed by newly introduced diseases, starvation and genocide. These killings were \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/books/review/an-american-genocide-by-benja.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at times funded by the state of California and the U.S. government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people began to disappear from their traditional land. When their houses of willow branches and tule reeds decomposed, the shellmounds were all that was left to mark where their villages once stood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 650px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11704710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg\" alt=\"A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson.\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg 650w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Stanford's CESTA Spatial History Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1909, a UC Berkeley archaeologist named Nels Nelson counted 425 shellmounds around the Bay Area. He thought there had been many more, too, that already had been worn away by water, time and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould believes that of the shellmounds Nelson documented in 1909, roughly four can still be seen, in such places as San Bruno, Fremont and Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Let’s take a look at the Emeryville shellmound as an example of a larger trend. This shellmound was the biggest one recorded in the Bay Area, more than three stories high and 350 feet in diameter, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 628px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704712 size-full\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg\" alt=\"Demolition of the Emeryville Shellmound.\" width=\"628\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg 628w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-160x70.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-240x105.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-375x164.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-520x227.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demolition of the Emeryville shellmound. If you look for the shellmound today, you won’t find much above ground. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland History Room)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the late 1800s, developers sheared off the top to create a dance pavilion — people were literally dancing on graves. At the base of the shellmound, they constructed an amusement park. Decades later the shellmound was leveled completely to make way for a paint factory. And in the early 2000s, the site of this once-busy Native village became a busy outdoor shopping center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of destruction happened across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gould emphasized that the shellmounds are still here, albeit underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important for us to preserve and protect what’s left,” Gould said. “Even if you as human beings can’t see it on top, we know that the layers of our shellmounds go way deep underneath the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soil below where shellmounds stood is distinct. It’s a dark, rich color from organic material, with white pockets colored by remains of shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rich soil from above-ground shellmounds was used to pave roads, fill in parts of the bay and fertilize gardens. Some of the human remains met similar fates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said the shellmounds are beneath landmarks that Bay Area residents pass daily: a Burger King in downtown Oakland, or Yerba Buena Gardens in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many skeletons have been unceremoniously unearthed. Construction crews and archaeologists uncovered human bones as recently as the early 2000s, while building the Emeryville shops. Gould said most of these were reburied in an undisclosed location on the original site. In the past, remains were treated differently. Professional and amateur archaeologists sought out human bones and artifacts and sent them to universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology has more than 5,000 sets of human remains from the Bay Area alone. A “set” could represent the remains of one or multiple people, or even just an isolated component of a person, according to a spokesperson for the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, Gould and other Ohlone people viewed the Hearst Museum’s collection of human remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the top of the ceiling to the floor there was all these trays with our ancestor remains up and down,” Gould said. “I’ll never forget that experience, that this institution is holding these humans, and for what purpose? And how many is too many?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the ancestors, you know, my direct relations,” Gould said. She choked up as she spoke, describing her reaction after the visit: “I lay down in bed for three days and couldn’t move. And it still hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening with shellmounds now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gould and other Native American activists are fighting to acquire land where the oldest Bay Area shellmound, nearly 5,000 years old, once stood: West Berkeley. The space is privately owned and currently an asphalt parking lot at 1900 Fourth Street, between the Fourth Street shopping corridor and the bay. The location has been designated as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_-_LPC/COB_Landmarks_updated%20April%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">archaeological landmark\u003c/a> by the city of Berkeley since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landowners have sought to build housing here in recent years, but their proposals have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2018/09/05/berkeley-rejects-sb35-application-for-spengers-lot-development-again\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rejected by the city of Berkeley\u003c/a>. While the owners have challenged the city, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2019/10/22/judge-rules-for-berkeley-in-developers-lawsuit-over-spengers-parking-lot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">judge recently ruled\u003c/a> in favor of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould hopes eventually the land will be overseen by Ohlone and other Native Americans. She acknowledges this is just a dream right now, as the owners of the land are not willing to sell. But she said stranger things have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her vision is a space with native plants, a circular dancing structure for Ohlone ceremonies, and a 40-foot-tall mound with a spiral path and information about the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704720 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1200x825.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1920x1320.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St. in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Corrina Gould)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould and others regularly hold intertribal prayers here, on the current parking lot. Over her decades as an activist, Gould said Ohlone events have grown stronger, and the crowds have grown larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees this as part of a larger Ohlone resurgence: consulting for the Hearst Museum that houses bones of their relatives, reviving dance steps no one has followed in 100 years, and learning traditional languages — not spoken in generations — from tape recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her hope is to renew more Ohlone ways, just as she hopes to build a new shellmound on the site of an old one, once flattened.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Shellmounds were used by Ohlone people as burial sites. People used them to navigate bay waters, and gathered on top of them. Now almost all the more than 425 shellmounds once in the Bay Area have been destroyed, paved over or built upon.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700532844,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":48,"wordCount":1759},"headData":{"title":"There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go? | KQED","description":"Shellmounds were used by Ohlone people as burial sites. People used them to navigate bay waters, and gathered on top of them. Now almost all the more than 425 shellmounds once in the Bay Area have been destroyed, paved over or built upon.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"There Were Once More Than 425 Shellmounds in the Bay Area. Where Did They Go?","datePublished":"2022-03-24T10:00:52.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T02:14:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"Bay Curious","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/new-bay-curious/2018/11/Shellmounds.mp3","audioTrackLength":704,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go","audioDuration":711000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on Nov. 8, 2018. Since then, the California Court of Appeals ruled that \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2021/07/29/development-spengers-parking-lot-can-proceed-ohlone-shellmound-ruling\">a housing development could move forward on the West Berkeley Shellmound site\u003c/a>, despite arguments by the city of Berkeley and the Confederated Villages of Lisjan. Berkeley appealed the ruling, but the State Supreme Court declined to hear the case.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">Y\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ou may associate the Emeryville shoreline with shops, or the Scandinavian furniture store Ikea. But what you may not know is that before this place was a commercial area, a different human-made structure towered above Bay Area residents: a shellmound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving down Shellmound Street may tip you off, too. It did for Bay Curious listener Paul Gilbert, who used to live and work in Emeryville. He would cross Shellmound Street every day for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And somewhere along the way I’d heard the story that there used to be a Native American mound of shells somewhere along the shore,” Gilbert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he asked Bay Curious: “What’s the story behind Shellmound Street in Emeryville, and what happened to the Native American shellmounds that I heard it was named after?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shellmounds are human-made mounds of earth and organic matter that were built up over thousands of years. They were created by the people native to the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mounds served many purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shellmounds are created by my ancestors as ceremonial places and as burial sites,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sogoreate-landtrust.org/staff-board/\">Corrina Gould\u003c/a>, tribal spokesperson for the Confederated Villages of Lisjan and co-director of the Sogorea Te’ Land Trust. The Lisjan are one of more than 40 native groups that call the greater Bay Area their home. As colonizers came to Northern California, they lumped these distinct Indigenous groups into one. These days this larger group is sometimes called the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704735\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704735\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33756_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.57.48-PM-qut.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in Mill Valley, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould said innumerable burials were found in shellmounds: “Children buried with their mothers who had been lost in childbirth. Elders with babies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These bodies were then covered with layers of soil, shell and rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704748\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mussel (like those pictured here), clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/106958124_4623a24028_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mussel shells (like those pictured here) and clam and oyster shells give shellmounds their name. \u003ccite>(David Gee/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing bigger over time, the shellmounds transformed the flatlands by the bay waters into an undulating, awe-inspiring scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shellmounds also served as an active space for the living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would come and they would trade with each other, and they would have ceremony at the top of these mounds,” Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archaeologists have found remnants of communal fireplaces, workshops and homes in the mounds. They were so central to community life that it seems there wasn’t even time for topsoil to build up or for grasses to grow, said UC Berkeley anthropology professor \u003ca href=\"https://anthropology.berkeley.edu/kent-lightfoot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kent Lightfoot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their height, sometimes taller than 30 feet, served as a focal point to navigate across the bay waters, or to communicate with other tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could send signals to other people across the bay because you could see their fires,” Gould said, saying the signals could, among other things, warn groups about toxic red tide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704736\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11704736\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg\" alt=\"A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909. From Nelson's report "Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region."\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-800x617.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1020x787.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut-1200x925.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS33755_Screen-Shot-2018-11-07-at-2.58.07-PM-qut.jpg 1582w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shellmound in San Rafael, as photographed by archaeologist Nels Nelson in 1909, from Nelson’s report ‘Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay Region.’\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s all of these things that are in these mounds that tell us this rich history of our people for thousands and thousands of years,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould is referring to remnants of daily Ohlone life, like remnants of the foods that sustained them: not only the mussel, clam and oyster shells that give the mounds their name, but traces of salmon and sturgeon, deer and acorns from the ample oak trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How many shellmounds were in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay Area was a popular place to live for Native Americans. Natural resources from both water and land were abundant here. The area from Point Sur in the south to the Carquinez Strait in the north was one of the most densely populated places for Indigenous people north of Mexico, with roughly 10,000 inhabitants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these people meant a lot of villages, and therefore a lot of shellmounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704814 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg\" alt=\"Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone as Sigorea Te. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/IMG_9392-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corrina Gould stands in front of the site of a former shellmound and village known to Ohlone people as Sogorea Te’. This place is also called Glen Cove Waterfront Park. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But as colonizers came to California in the 1700s and 1800s, the native population was devastated. They were killed by newly introduced diseases, starvation and genocide. These killings were \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/29/books/review/an-american-genocide-by-benja.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">at times funded by the state of California and the U.S. government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native people began to disappear from their traditional land. When their houses of willow branches and tule reeds decomposed, the shellmounds were all that was left to mark where their villages once stood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 650px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11704710\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg\" alt=\"A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson.\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay.jpg 650w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Shell-Mounds-in-SF-Bay-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of shellmounds documented in 1909 by archaeologist Nels Nelson. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Stanford's CESTA Spatial History Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1909, a UC Berkeley archaeologist named Nels Nelson counted 425 shellmounds around the Bay Area. He thought there had been many more, too, that already had been worn away by water, time and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrina Gould believes that of the shellmounds Nelson documented in 1909, roughly four can still be seen, in such places as San Bruno, Fremont and Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What happened to the shellmounds?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Let’s take a look at the Emeryville shellmound as an example of a larger trend. This shellmound was the biggest one recorded in the Bay Area, more than three stories high and 350 feet in diameter, Gould said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704712\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 628px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704712 size-full\" style=\"font-weight: bold;background-color: transparent;color: #767676\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg\" alt=\"Demolition of the Emeryville Shellmound.\" width=\"628\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room.jpg 628w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-160x70.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-240x105.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-375x164.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/oakland_history_room-520x227.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demolition of the Emeryville shellmound. If you look for the shellmound today, you won’t find much above ground. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Oakland History Room)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the late 1800s, developers sheared off the top to create a dance pavilion — people were literally dancing on graves. At the base of the shellmound, they constructed an amusement park. Decades later the shellmound was leveled completely to make way for a paint factory. And in the early 2000s, the site of this once-busy Native village became a busy outdoor shopping center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of destruction happened across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gould emphasized that the shellmounds are still here, albeit underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important for us to preserve and protect what’s left,” Gould said. “Even if you as human beings can’t see it on top, we know that the layers of our shellmounds go way deep underneath the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soil below where shellmounds stood is distinct. It’s a dark, rich color from organic material, with white pockets colored by remains of shells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rich soil from above-ground shellmounds was used to pave roads, fill in parts of the bay and fertilize gardens. Some of the human remains met similar fates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould said the shellmounds are beneath landmarks that Bay Area residents pass daily: a Burger King in downtown Oakland, or Yerba Buena Gardens in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many skeletons have been unceremoniously unearthed. Construction crews and archaeologists uncovered human bones as recently as the early 2000s, while building the Emeryville shops. Gould said most of these were reburied in an undisclosed location on the original site. In the past, remains were treated differently. Professional and amateur archaeologists sought out human bones and artifacts and sent them to universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley’s Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology has more than 5,000 sets of human remains from the Bay Area alone. A “set” could represent the remains of one or multiple people, or even just an isolated component of a person, according to a spokesperson for the museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, Gould and other Ohlone people viewed the Hearst Museum’s collection of human remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the top of the ceiling to the floor there was all these trays with our ancestor remains up and down,” Gould said. “I’ll never forget that experience, that this institution is holding these humans, and for what purpose? And how many is too many?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were the ancestors, you know, my direct relations,” Gould said. She choked up as she spoke, describing her reaction after the visit: “I lay down in bed for three days and couldn’t move. And it still hurts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening with shellmounds now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gould and other Native American activists are fighting to acquire land where the oldest Bay Area shellmound, nearly 5,000 years old, once stood: West Berkeley. The space is privately owned and currently an asphalt parking lot at 1900 Fourth Street, between the Fourth Street shopping corridor and the bay. The location has been designated as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_-_LPC/COB_Landmarks_updated%20April%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">archaeological landmark\u003c/a> by the city of Berkeley since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landowners have sought to build housing here in recent years, but their proposals have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2018/09/05/berkeley-rejects-sb35-application-for-spengers-lot-development-again\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rejected by the city of Berkeley\u003c/a>. While the owners have challenged the city, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2019/10/22/judge-rules-for-berkeley-in-developers-lawsuit-over-spengers-parking-lot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">judge recently ruled\u003c/a> in favor of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gould hopes eventually the land will be overseen by Ohlone and other Native Americans. She acknowledges this is just a dream right now, as the owners of the land are not willing to sell. But she said stranger things have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her vision is a space with native plants, a circular dancing structure for Ohlone ceremonies, and a 40-foot-tall mound with a spiral path and information about the Ohlone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11704720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11704720 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1200x825.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/Ohlone-Vision-rev-June-2018-sm-1920x1320.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vision for what an open space at 1900 Fourth St. in West Berkeley could look like. It would be a monument to Ohlone ancestors and the shellmound that once stood here. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Corrina Gould)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gould and others regularly hold intertribal prayers here, on the current parking lot. Over her decades as an activist, Gould said Ohlone events have grown stronger, and the crowds have grown larger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees this as part of a larger Ohlone resurgence: consulting for the Hearst Museum that houses bones of their relatives, reviving dance steps no one has followed in 100 years, and learning traditional languages — not spoken in generations — from tape recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her hope is to renew more Ohlone ways, just as she hopes to build a new shellmound on the site of an old one, once flattened.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go","authors":["8648"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_18426","news_24211","news_460","news_1262","news_21733"],"featImg":"news_11704111","label":"source_news_11704679"},"news_11896718":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11896718","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11896718","score":null,"sort":[1637777101000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sometimes-the-bear-eats-you-grizzly-bears-in-the-bay-area","title":"Sometimes the Bear Eats You: Grizzly Bears in the Bay Area","publishDate":1637777101,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11896854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png\" alt='Cartoon: a huge grizzly bear holding a man by his leg. Text reads, \"Bay Area grizzly bear attacks! From Antioch to the San Mateo Coast to the Russian River, grizzly attacks were once part of living here.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you may have gathered from \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_California#/media/File:Flag_of_California.svg\">our state flag\u003c/a>, grizzly bears used to roam the hills, meadows and beaches of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only did they roam, they occasionally killed and sometimes ate things slightly outside of their usual dietary regimen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are historical accounts of people being killed by grizzlies around the Bay Area, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/East_Contra_Costa_Historical_Ecology_Study_Final_%28lowres%29_0.pdf\">Antioch\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.southeasternoutdoors.com/wildlife/mammals/fatal-brown-bear-attacks.html\">Russian River\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last documented case of a human killed by a grizzly around these parts was in 1875 — a good, little piece of trivia to remember the next time you drive Highway 1 between San Francisco and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way you'll pass Waddell Beach, which is named after William Waddell, who built a wharf and a sawmill that, \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/goga/hrs-san-mateo.pdf\">according to the National Park Service, cranked out 2 million board-feet of lumber a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides greatly reducing the number of old growth redwood trees in the Santa Cruz Mountains, Waddell was also the last person around here to be killed by a grizzly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890575/fat-bear-week-is-here-take-a-look-at-what-to-expect-and-how-you-can-celebrate\">the beautiful (if sometimes deadly) bears\u003c/a> were well on their way to getting wiped out by settlers by the time Waddell perished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And long before any documented cases of grizzly bear attacks on white settlers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880526/who-were-the-first-people-to-live-in-the-bay-area\">native people around the Bay were living among the grizzlies\u003c/a> for thousands of years.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As you may have gathered from our state flag, grizzly bears used to roam the hills, meadows and beaches of California. Not only did they roam, they occasionally killed and sometimes ate things slightly outside of their usual dietary regimen.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1637777101,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":218},"headData":{"title":"Sometimes the Bear Eats You: Grizzly Bears in the Bay Area | KQED","description":"As you may have gathered from our state flag, grizzly bears used to roam the hills, meadows and beaches of California. Not only did they roam, they occasionally killed and sometimes ate things slightly outside of their usual dietary regimen.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Sometimes the Bear Eats You: Grizzly Bears in the Bay Area","datePublished":"2021-11-24T18:05:01.000Z","dateModified":"2021-11-24T18:05:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11896718 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11896718","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/11/24/sometimes-the-bear-eats-you-grizzly-bears-in-the-bay-area/","disqusTitle":"Sometimes the Bear Eats You: Grizzly Bears in the Bay Area","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11896718/sometimes-the-bear-eats-you-grizzly-bears-in-the-bay-area","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11896854\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png\" alt='Cartoon: a huge grizzly bear holding a man by his leg. Text reads, \"Bay Area grizzly bear attacks! From Antioch to the San Mateo Coast to the Russian River, grizzly attacks were once part of living here.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-800x800.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-160x160.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/grizzlies02-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you may have gathered from \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_California#/media/File:Flag_of_California.svg\">our state flag\u003c/a>, grizzly bears used to roam the hills, meadows and beaches of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only did they roam, they occasionally killed and sometimes ate things slightly outside of their usual dietary regimen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are historical accounts of people being killed by grizzlies around the Bay Area, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/East_Contra_Costa_Historical_Ecology_Study_Final_%28lowres%29_0.pdf\">Antioch\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.southeasternoutdoors.com/wildlife/mammals/fatal-brown-bear-attacks.html\">Russian River\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last documented case of a human killed by a grizzly around these parts was in 1875 — a good, little piece of trivia to remember the next time you drive Highway 1 between San Francisco and Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the way you'll pass Waddell Beach, which is named after William Waddell, who built a wharf and a sawmill that, \u003ca href=\"http://npshistory.com/publications/goga/hrs-san-mateo.pdf\">according to the National Park Service, cranked out 2 million board-feet of lumber a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides greatly reducing the number of old growth redwood trees in the Santa Cruz Mountains, Waddell was also the last person around here to be killed by a grizzly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unfortunately, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890575/fat-bear-week-is-here-take-a-look-at-what-to-expect-and-how-you-can-celebrate\">the beautiful (if sometimes deadly) bears\u003c/a> were well on their way to getting wiped out by settlers by the time Waddell perished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And long before any documented cases of grizzly bear attacks on white settlers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11880526/who-were-the-first-people-to-live-in-the-bay-area\">native people around the Bay were living among the grizzlies\u003c/a> for thousands of years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11896718/sometimes-the-bear-eats-you-grizzly-bears-in-the-bay-area","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_19906"],"tags":["news_19407","news_20949","news_30039","news_1262","news_21733","news_30264","news_30263"],"featImg":"news_11896854","label":"news_18515"},"news_11891890":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11891890","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11891890","score":null,"sort":[1633988799000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"discovering-a-better-day","title":"Discovering a Better Day","publishDate":1633988799,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18515,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11891902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: A sepia tone cartoon showing Miwok and Ohlone Native Americans paddling tule canoes. The caption reads, \"long before Columbus got lost sailing the ocean blue, Ohlone & Miwok were paddling the Bay all around you.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-800x528.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-1020x674.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-160x106.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-1536x1014.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>Indigenous Peoples Day, which began as a Bay Area counterprotest to Columbus Day, \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorebayindigenouspeoples\">may be one step closer to being recognized as a federal holiday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csueastbay.edu/museum/virtual-museum/native-california/5-gen/tribal.html\">rich tradition of Native Americans around the Bay\u003c/a> (and beyond), the absolute \u003cem>least\u003c/em> we could do is turn over a day to honor the people who lived here before colonialism and suffered so much because of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would sure beat a holiday that honors a failed navigator who spread disease, enslavement and genocide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Indigenous Peoples Day, which began as a Bay Area counterprotest to Columbus Day, may be one step closer to being recognized as a federal holiday. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1633999857,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":83},"headData":{"title":"Discovering a Better Day | KQED","description":"Indigenous Peoples Day, which began as a Bay Area counterprotest to Columbus Day, may be one step closer to being recognized as a federal holiday. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Discovering a Better Day","datePublished":"2021-10-11T21:46:39.000Z","dateModified":"2021-10-12T00:50:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11891890 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11891890","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/10/11/discovering-a-better-day/","disqusTitle":"Discovering a Better Day","path":"/news/11891890/discovering-a-better-day","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11891902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png\" alt='Cartoon: A sepia tone cartoon showing Miwok and Ohlone Native Americans paddling tule canoes. The caption reads, \"long before Columbus got lost sailing the ocean blue, Ohlone & Miwok were paddling the Bay all around you.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1268\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final.png 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-800x528.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-1020x674.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-160x106.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/longbefore_101121_final-1536x1014.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>Indigenous Peoples Day, which began as a Bay Area counterprotest to Columbus Day, \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorebayindigenouspeoples\">may be one step closer to being recognized as a federal holiday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csueastbay.edu/museum/virtual-museum/native-california/5-gen/tribal.html\">rich tradition of Native Americans around the Bay\u003c/a> (and beyond), the absolute \u003cem>least\u003c/em> we could do is turn over a day to honor the people who lived here before colonialism and suffered so much because of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would sure beat a holiday that honors a failed navigator who spread disease, enslavement and genocide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11891890/discovering-a-better-day","authors":["3236"],"series":["news_18515"],"categories":["news_13"],"tags":["news_28134","news_28661","news_28648","news_20949","news_30039","news_1262","news_21733"],"featImg":"news_11891902","label":"news_18515"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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