Environmental Group Loses Latest Legal Battle to Shut Down Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant
California's Last Nuclear Plant Is Slated to Close by 2025. Why Some Scientists Worry That Could Be Bad News for Carbon Emissions
San Onofre Nuclear Waste May Go to New Mexico, Instead of 100 Feet From the Beach
Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site
Survivors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Disaster Fear Being Forgotten
Nuclear Regulatory Commission Calls San Onofre Tube Failures 'Significant Issue'
Japan's Nukes: What and Where They Are
Japan Quake-Tsunami Aftermath: Fears About Nuclear Plants
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He was chosen for a spring 2017 residency at the Mesa Refuge to advance his research on California salmon.\r\n\r\nEmail Dan at: \u003ca href=\"mailto:dbrekke@kqed.org\">dbrekke@kqed.org\u003c/a>\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Twitter:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">twitter.com/danbrekke\u003c/a>\r\n\u003cstrong>Facebook:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.facebook.com/danbrekke\u003c/a>\r\n\u003cstrong>LinkedIn:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twitter":"danbrekke","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/dan.brekke/","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/danbrekke/","sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["administrator","create_posts"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"liveblog","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dan Brekke | KQED","description":"KQED Editor and Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8126230345efca3f7aa89b1a402be45?s=600&d=mm&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/danbrekke"},"kqednewsstaffandwires":{"type":"authors","id":"237","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"237","found":true},"name":"KQED News Staff and Wires","firstName":"KQED News Staff and Wires","lastName":null,"slug":"kqednewsstaffandwires","email":"onlinenewsstaff@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/72295af8ebbfbd19a4948f5271285664?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"lowdown","roles":["author"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"KQED News Staff and Wires | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/72295af8ebbfbd19a4948f5271285664?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/72295af8ebbfbd19a4948f5271285664?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kqednewsstaffandwires"},"sgonzalez":{"type":"authors","id":"11621","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11621","found":true},"name":"Saul Gonzalez","firstName":"Saul","lastName":"Gonzalez","slug":"sgonzalez","email":"sgonzalez@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Host, The California Report","bio":"A Golden State native, Saul has been the Los Angeles co-host of \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em>since 2019, covering such issues as homelessness and housing policy, the state's response to climate change and the ravages of the Covid pandemic. Whenever possible, tries to be outside of the studio, connecting these big issues to the daily lives of Californians experiencing them in very personal ways.\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED, Saul worked for the PBS \u003cem>NewsHour, Religion & Ethics Newsweekly, \u003c/em>and public radio affiliate KCRW in Santa Monica, where he also hosted the podcast series \"There Goes the Neighborhood\" about gentrification. For his work, Saul has been honored with several Emmys and is a two-time winner of the L.A. Press Club's Radio Journalist of the Year Award.\r\n\r\nWhen not working, Saul spends his time trying to hone his amateur photography skills and spending as much time as possible in bookstores and coffee houses.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/06e10f8ad252ef896cc4dc6bbee5f901?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Saul Gonzalez | KQED","description":"Host, The California Report","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/06e10f8ad252ef896cc4dc6bbee5f901?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/06e10f8ad252ef896cc4dc6bbee5f901?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/sgonzalez"},"jrodriguez":{"type":"authors","id":"11690","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11690","found":true},"name":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez","firstName":"Joe","lastName":"Fitzgerald Rodriguez","slug":"jrodriguez","email":"jrodriguez@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Reporter and Producer","bio":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez is a reporter and digital producer for KQED covering politics. Joe most recently wrote for the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> as a political columnist covering The City. He was raised in San Francisco and has spent his reporting career in his beloved, foggy, city by the bay. Joe was 12-years-old when he conducted his first interview in journalism, grilling former San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown for the Marina Middle School newspaper, \u003cem>The Penguin Press, \u003c/em>and he continues to report on the San Francisco Bay Area to this day.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"FitztheReporter","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/fitzthereporter/","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"elections","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"liveblog","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez | KQED","description":"Reporter and Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2247beb0564c1e9c62228d5649d2edac?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/jrodriguez"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11959091":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11959091","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11959091","score":null,"sort":[1692921823000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"environmental-group-loses-legal-battle-to-shut-down-diablo-canyon-nuclear-plant","title":"Environmental Group Loses Latest Legal Battle to Shut Down Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant","publishDate":1692921823,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Environmental Group Loses Latest Legal Battle to Shut Down Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A California judge on Thursday rejected an environmental group’s lawsuit that sought to block the state’s largest utility from seeking to extend the operating life of the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends of the Earth \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/diablo-canyon-nuclear-extension-california-reactors-pge-cd398f8251311053b08aa8fbfcfa8ef4\">sued in state Superior Court\u003c/a> in April, hoping to derail a state-backed proposal to keep the twin-domed plant running for at least five additional years. The group was part of a 2016 agreement with operator Pacific Gas & Electric to shutter the state’s last nuclear power plant by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid concerns over power supplies in a changing climate, Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom and the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-legislature-sacramento-gavin-newsom-81edef684cf0c15f2940db7ff66eb8b2\">opened the way\u003c/a> for PG&E to seek a longer lifespan last year. In legal filings, the environmental group argued that the 2016 deal to close the reactors “is not fully extinguished,” and that the utility would break what it called a binding contract if it asked federal regulators to extend the operating licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an 18-page ruling, Judge Ethan P. Schulman dismissed the complaint, agreeing with the company that Friends of the Earth was asking the court to “impermissibly hinder or interfere” with state regulatory oversight of the seaside plant, located midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the group’s request was granted, the court would be placed in conflict with state regulators, and it would “enmesh the court in complex questions of energy, economic and environmental policy” that are best handled by the California Public Utilities Commission and other agencies, Schulman wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said it might appeal.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hallie Templeton, legal director, Friends of the Earth\"]‘The fight to shutter Diablo Canyon is not over.’[/pullquote]“The fight to shutter Diablo Canyon is not over,” Hallie Templeton, legal director for Friends of the Earth, said in a statement. The group has a separate case pending in federal court involving regulatory issues tied to the plant’s operation and possible extension of the licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, PG&E spokesperson Suzanne Hosn said the company is following California energy policy “and our actions toward relicensing Diablo Canyon Power Plant are consistent with the direction of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The operating license for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/diab1.html\">the Unit 1 reactor\u003c/a> expires next year, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/diab2.html\">Unit 2\u003c/a> license expires in 2025. The company intends to apply to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission by the end of the year to extend operations by as much as two decades.[aside postID=science_1982651 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/str_nifFusion_v002-1020x649.png']California is the birthplace of the modern environmental movement and for decades has had a fraught relationship with nuclear power, which doesn’t produce carbon pollution like fossil fuels but leaves behind waste that can remain \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/radwaste.html\">dangerously radioactive for centuries\u003c/a>. The Newsom administration is pushing to expand solar power and other clean energy as the state aims to cut emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s decision last year \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-legislature-gavin-newsom-climate-and-environment-4968ee9da7fd1d10ad67bfdf03950873\">to support a longer operating run\u003c/a> for Diablo Canyon shocked environmentalists and anti-nuclear advocates because he had once been a leading voice for closing the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit represented another mile-marker in a long-running fight over the operation and safety of the decades-old plant, which Newsom says should keep running beyond 2025 to ward off possible blackouts as California transitions to solar and other renewable energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diablo Canyon produces 9% of the state’s electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this juncture, it’s not clear if the reactors will continue operating beyond the expiration of their licenses in 2024 and 2025 — and if so, for how long — since many regulatory and legal hurdles remain. [aside label='More on Clean Energy' tag='clean-energy'] For example, it’s not yet publicly known what it will cost to update the plant for a longer run given that PG&E was preparing to close it for years. The state could consider backing out if capital costs climb over $1.4 billion \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> —\u003c/span> the amount of a forgivable loan the state authorized for PG&E last year as part of the legislative plan to keep the reactors running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction at Diablo Canyon began in the 1960s. Critics say potential earthquakes from nearby faults not known to exist when the design was approved \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/a8e61684b8e54fb7b9c8523cad84a9b5\">could damage equipment and release radiation.\u003c/a> One fault was not discovered until 2008. PG&E has long said the plant is safe, an assessment the NRC has supported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. nuclear industry has been through a tough stretch, with reactors retiring and its share of energy production slipping since 2012. But many industry leaders \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-politics-utilities-nuclear-power-climate-and-environment-23357f4087988a9d21fe714e5660838b\">see a renaissance on the horizon,\u003c/a> as climate change has brought attention to carbon-free power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A California judge rejected an environmental group's lawsuit that aimed to block PG&E from extending the operating life of the state's last nuclear power plant.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1692984993,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":831},"headData":{"title":"Environmental Group Loses Latest Legal Battle to Shut Down Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant | KQED","description":"A California judge rejected an environmental group's lawsuit that aimed to block PG&E from extending the operating life of the state's last nuclear power plant.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MichaelRBloodAP\">Michael R. Blood\u003c/a>\u003cbr>The Associated Press","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11959091/environmental-group-loses-legal-battle-to-shut-down-diablo-canyon-nuclear-plant","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A California judge on Thursday rejected an environmental group’s lawsuit that sought to block the state’s largest utility from seeking to extend the operating life of the Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends of the Earth \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/diablo-canyon-nuclear-extension-california-reactors-pge-cd398f8251311053b08aa8fbfcfa8ef4\">sued in state Superior Court\u003c/a> in April, hoping to derail a state-backed proposal to keep the twin-domed plant running for at least five additional years. The group was part of a 2016 agreement with operator Pacific Gas & Electric to shutter the state’s last nuclear power plant by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid concerns over power supplies in a changing climate, Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom and the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-legislature-sacramento-gavin-newsom-81edef684cf0c15f2940db7ff66eb8b2\">opened the way\u003c/a> for PG&E to seek a longer lifespan last year. In legal filings, the environmental group argued that the 2016 deal to close the reactors “is not fully extinguished,” and that the utility would break what it called a binding contract if it asked federal regulators to extend the operating licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an 18-page ruling, Judge Ethan P. Schulman dismissed the complaint, agreeing with the company that Friends of the Earth was asking the court to “impermissibly hinder or interfere” with state regulatory oversight of the seaside plant, located midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the group’s request was granted, the court would be placed in conflict with state regulators, and it would “enmesh the court in complex questions of energy, economic and environmental policy” that are best handled by the California Public Utilities Commission and other agencies, Schulman wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group said it might appeal.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The fight to shutter Diablo Canyon is not over.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Hallie Templeton, legal director, Friends of the Earth","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The fight to shutter Diablo Canyon is not over,” Hallie Templeton, legal director for Friends of the Earth, said in a statement. The group has a separate case pending in federal court involving regulatory issues tied to the plant’s operation and possible extension of the licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, PG&E spokesperson Suzanne Hosn said the company is following California energy policy “and our actions toward relicensing Diablo Canyon Power Plant are consistent with the direction of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The operating license for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/diab1.html\">the Unit 1 reactor\u003c/a> expires next year, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/reactors/diab2.html\">Unit 2\u003c/a> license expires in 2025. The company intends to apply to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission by the end of the year to extend operations by as much as two decades.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1982651","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/05/str_nifFusion_v002-1020x649.png","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>California is the birthplace of the modern environmental movement and for decades has had a fraught relationship with nuclear power, which doesn’t produce carbon pollution like fossil fuels but leaves behind waste that can remain \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/radwaste.html\">dangerously radioactive for centuries\u003c/a>. The Newsom administration is pushing to expand solar power and other clean energy as the state aims to cut emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s decision last year \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-legislature-gavin-newsom-climate-and-environment-4968ee9da7fd1d10ad67bfdf03950873\">to support a longer operating run\u003c/a> for Diablo Canyon shocked environmentalists and anti-nuclear advocates because he had once been a leading voice for closing the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit represented another mile-marker in a long-running fight over the operation and safety of the decades-old plant, which Newsom says should keep running beyond 2025 to ward off possible blackouts as California transitions to solar and other renewable energy sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diablo Canyon produces 9% of the state’s electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this juncture, it’s not clear if the reactors will continue operating beyond the expiration of their licenses in 2024 and 2025 — and if so, for how long — since many regulatory and legal hurdles remain. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Clean Energy ","tag":"clean-energy"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> For example, it’s not yet publicly known what it will cost to update the plant for a longer run given that PG&E was preparing to close it for years. The state could consider backing out if capital costs climb over $1.4 billion \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> —\u003c/span> the amount of a forgivable loan the state authorized for PG&E last year as part of the legislative plan to keep the reactors running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction at Diablo Canyon began in the 1960s. Critics say potential earthquakes from nearby faults not known to exist when the design was approved \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/a8e61684b8e54fb7b9c8523cad84a9b5\">could damage equipment and release radiation.\u003c/a> One fault was not discovered until 2008. PG&E has long said the plant is safe, an assessment the NRC has supported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. nuclear industry has been through a tough stretch, with reactors retiring and its share of energy production slipping since 2012. But many industry leaders \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-politics-utilities-nuclear-power-climate-and-environment-23357f4087988a9d21fe714e5660838b\">see a renaissance on the horizon,\u003c/a> as climate change has brought attention to carbon-free power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11959091/environmental-group-loses-legal-battle-to-shut-down-diablo-canyon-nuclear-plant","authors":["byline_news_11959091"],"categories":["news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18538","news_1068","news_1029","news_1069","news_140","news_3187"],"featImg":"news_11959099","label":"news"},"news_11897239":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11897239","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11897239","score":null,"sort":[1637787023000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-last-nuclear-plant-is-slated-to-close-in-2025-why-some-scientists-worry-thats-bad-news-for-carbon-emissions","title":"California's Last Nuclear Plant Is Slated to Close by 2025. Why Some Scientists Worry That Could Be Bad News for Carbon Emissions","publishDate":1637787023,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The massive 2,200-megawatt Diablo Canyon Power Plant, the last-standing nuclear power facility in California, is scheduled to fully shut down operations by 2025, ending the state's reliance on nuclear energy. Some energy experts, though, warn that shuttering the plant — a goal long sought by anti-nuclear advocates — could ultimately lead to a spike in the state’s greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://energy.stanford.edu/publications/assessment-diablo-canyon-nuclear-plant-zero-carbon-electricity-desalination-and\">a recent report from researchers at Stanford Energy\u003c/a>, shuttering the San Luis Obispo County facility, which opened in 1985 in the face of fierce opposition, would likely make the state more dependent on natural gas for its electricity production. Natural gas is composed mostly of methane, a climate-warming gas more potent than carbon dioxide when released into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='climate-change']The report's findings spurred the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/11/16/closing-californias-last-nuclear-power-plant-would-be-mistake/\">Washington Post's editorial board to declare that shutting the plant down would be the \"the definition of climate incoherence.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report's authors recommend delaying the closure of Diablo Canyon by 10 years, to 2035. Doing so, they predict, would yield a 10% reduction over 2017 levels in carbon emissions generated by California's power sector, while saving some $2.6 billion in power system costs and bolstering system reliability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report goes on to suggest several new uses for the plant should it remain open for another decade, including as the power source for a major desalination complex that could produce fresh water at 80 times the rate of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.carlsbaddesal.com/\">Carlsbad Desalination Plant\u003c/a>. It also suggests the possibility of connecting the nuclear facility to a hydrogen plant to produce clean hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some energy experts say the analysis simply underscores the need for California to double down on its clean-energy production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You shut down Diablo Canyon, something is going to replace it. We still have electricity demand. People still will use the same amount of electricity the day Diablo Canyon goes offline,\" Mark Specht, an energy analyst at the Union of Concerned Scientists, told The California Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using only natural gas to supplant Diablo Canyon's power supply would be the emissions equivalent of adding 300,000 cars to California's roads, according to research by Specht's team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, that should send a clear message that \"there is no time to waste\" \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/my-turn/2021/05/will-california-keep-the-lights-on-when-diablo-canyon-shuts-down/\"> in creating new clean-energy infrastructure to replace the nuclear plant's output\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are talking about three or four years and then the power plant goes offline, and building new clean resources takes years. Folks have to be working on this right now to make sure we replace the power plant with clean energy,\" Specht said.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Bill Monning, former state senator\"]'When people say it's clean energy, that's right at a certain level, but it doesn't take into account the waste that is left behind the spent rods.'[/pullquote]The debate over the plant's closure comes just weeks after world leaders gathered in Glasgow, Scotland, for the United Nations climate summit in an urgent effort to dramatically reduce global carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping the plant open also doesn't jibe with former state Sen. Bill Monning, who used to represent the district where Diablo Canyon is located, and who worked on legislation securing hundreds of millions of dollars in funding to help the area prepare for the economic impacts of its closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When people say it's clean energy, that's right at a certain level, but it doesn't take into account the waste that is left behind the spent fuel rods,\" Monning told The California Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so as people kind of weigh in now and say, 'Well, why don't we keep it open? There's a gap between available renewable energy, this is so-called clean energy' — it doesn't take into account that history [of waste],\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monning says he's confident the nuclear plant won't continue running past 2025, in large part because no one with decision-making power, including its operator — Pacific Gas and Electric — wants it open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E was a member of this agreement and has no interest in seeking to renew their licensing,\" Monning said. \"And there's no evidence that anybody else does, either.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from NPR's Lauren Sommer.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Some energy experts are sharply divided over the state's plan to close its last remaining nuclear plant. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1637803870,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":733},"headData":{"title":"California's Last Nuclear Plant Is Slated to Close by 2025. Why Some Scientists Worry That Could Be Bad News for Carbon Emissions | KQED","description":"Some energy experts are sharply divided over the state's plan to close its last remaining nuclear plant. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11897239 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11897239","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/11/24/californias-last-nuclear-plant-is-slated-to-close-in-2025-why-some-scientists-worry-thats-bad-news-for-carbon-emissions/","disqusTitle":"California's Last Nuclear Plant Is Slated to Close by 2025. Why Some Scientists Worry That Could Be Bad News for Carbon Emissions","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/1b5e653c-035b-437f-b2f0-ade801118a96/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11897239/californias-last-nuclear-plant-is-slated-to-close-in-2025-why-some-scientists-worry-thats-bad-news-for-carbon-emissions","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The massive 2,200-megawatt Diablo Canyon Power Plant, the last-standing nuclear power facility in California, is scheduled to fully shut down operations by 2025, ending the state's reliance on nuclear energy. Some energy experts, though, warn that shuttering the plant — a goal long sought by anti-nuclear advocates — could ultimately lead to a spike in the state’s greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://energy.stanford.edu/publications/assessment-diablo-canyon-nuclear-plant-zero-carbon-electricity-desalination-and\">a recent report from researchers at Stanford Energy\u003c/a>, shuttering the San Luis Obispo County facility, which opened in 1985 in the face of fierce opposition, would likely make the state more dependent on natural gas for its electricity production. Natural gas is composed mostly of methane, a climate-warming gas more potent than carbon dioxide when released into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"climate-change"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The report's findings spurred the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/11/16/closing-californias-last-nuclear-power-plant-would-be-mistake/\">Washington Post's editorial board to declare that shutting the plant down would be the \"the definition of climate incoherence.\"\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report's authors recommend delaying the closure of Diablo Canyon by 10 years, to 2035. Doing so, they predict, would yield a 10% reduction over 2017 levels in carbon emissions generated by California's power sector, while saving some $2.6 billion in power system costs and bolstering system reliability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report goes on to suggest several new uses for the plant should it remain open for another decade, including as the power source for a major desalination complex that could produce fresh water at 80 times the rate of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.carlsbaddesal.com/\">Carlsbad Desalination Plant\u003c/a>. It also suggests the possibility of connecting the nuclear facility to a hydrogen plant to produce clean hydrogen fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some energy experts say the analysis simply underscores the need for California to double down on its clean-energy production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You shut down Diablo Canyon, something is going to replace it. We still have electricity demand. People still will use the same amount of electricity the day Diablo Canyon goes offline,\" Mark Specht, an energy analyst at the Union of Concerned Scientists, told The California Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using only natural gas to supplant Diablo Canyon's power supply would be the emissions equivalent of adding 300,000 cars to California's roads, according to research by Specht's team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he says, that should send a clear message that \"there is no time to waste\" \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/my-turn/2021/05/will-california-keep-the-lights-on-when-diablo-canyon-shuts-down/\"> in creating new clean-energy infrastructure to replace the nuclear plant's output\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are talking about three or four years and then the power plant goes offline, and building new clean resources takes years. Folks have to be working on this right now to make sure we replace the power plant with clean energy,\" Specht said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'When people say it's clean energy, that's right at a certain level, but it doesn't take into account the waste that is left behind the spent rods.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Bill Monning, former state senator","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The debate over the plant's closure comes just weeks after world leaders gathered in Glasgow, Scotland, for the United Nations climate summit in an urgent effort to dramatically reduce global carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping the plant open also doesn't jibe with former state Sen. Bill Monning, who used to represent the district where Diablo Canyon is located, and who worked on legislation securing hundreds of millions of dollars in funding to help the area prepare for the economic impacts of its closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When people say it's clean energy, that's right at a certain level, but it doesn't take into account the waste that is left behind the spent fuel rods,\" Monning told The California Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so as people kind of weigh in now and say, 'Well, why don't we keep it open? There's a gap between available renewable energy, this is so-called clean energy' — it doesn't take into account that history [of waste],\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monning says he's confident the nuclear plant won't continue running past 2025, in large part because no one with decision-making power, including its operator — Pacific Gas and Electric — wants it open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E was a member of this agreement and has no interest in seeking to renew their licensing,\" Monning said. \"And there's no evidence that anybody else does, either.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from NPR's Lauren Sommer.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11897239/californias-last-nuclear-plant-is-slated-to-close-in-2025-why-some-scientists-worry-thats-bad-news-for-carbon-emissions","authors":["11621","11690"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_1625","news_30297","news_21349","news_255","news_1068","news_1029","news_1069","news_20913"],"featImg":"news_11897278","label":"news_72"},"news_11656012":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11656012","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11656012","score":null,"sort":[1521144202000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"san-onofre-nuclear-waste-may-go-to-new-mexico-instead-of-100-feet-from-the-beach","title":"San Onofre Nuclear Waste May Go to New Mexico, Instead of 100 Feet From the Beach","publishDate":1521144202,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a technical review of a license for an interim storage site for nuclear waste in New Mexico -- and that's a hopeful sign for those fighting to find an alternative to burying spent nuclear fuel 100 feet from the beach at the now-closed San Onofre nuclear plant, in northern San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sseb.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Eddy-Lea-Energy-Alliance.pdf\">The Eddy-Lea Energy Alliance\u003c/a>, a coalition of cities and counties in the southeast corner of New Mexico, is ready and willing to accept nuclear waste — for a price. \u003ca href=\"https://holtecinternational.com/2017/11/28/update-on-the-subterranean-used-fuel-storage-system-hi-storm-umax-and-the-universal-transport-package-hi-star-190/\">Holtec, the company that designed the latest waste storage at San Onofre,\u003c/a> applied for a license last spring to build an interim storage site on 1,000 acres purchased by the alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the NRC has agreed to consider it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Heaton, chair of the Eddy-Lea Energy Alliance, said there are more than 30 states around the nation waiting for a safer place to store nuclear waste. Current federal priorities are to move the oldest nuclear waste first. But Heaton said if this license is granted, Holtec, a private company, could have a say in which nuclear waste gets priority, and San Onofre should be high on the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are on the oceanfront, you are also in a very seismically unstable area, as well as being in a high-density population area,” he said. “Those things, I think, would play into the decision-making about which fuel goes first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heaton said Congress has refused to consider interim storage sites like the one in New Mexico and refused to release billions of dollars in a fund originally intended for a stalled permanent storage site at Yucca Mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that the reality is that if Congress sees that a facility is in fact licensed and ready to operate, it may, in fact, change their mind,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Congress changes its mind or not, Heaton said, ratepayers and taxpayers are paying for the storage of nuclear waste. The federal government has failed in its obligation to find a long-term storage site, and utilities are suing the U.S. Treasury for the costs of storing waste on site, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key issue is the liability for any future problems with the waste, which remains radioactive for thousands of years. Holtec said in an email that it is willing to take title to the fuel, provided appropriate contracting conditions are in place.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a technical review of a license for an interim storage site for nuclear waste in New Mexico.\r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1521152393,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":413},"headData":{"title":"San Onofre Nuclear Waste May Go to New Mexico, Instead of 100 Feet From the Beach | KQED","description":"The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a technical review of a license for an interim storage site for nuclear waste in New Mexico.\r\n\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11656012 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11656012","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/03/15/san-onofre-nuclear-waste-may-go-to-new-mexico-instead-of-100-feet-from-the-beach/","disqusTitle":"San Onofre Nuclear Waste May Go to New Mexico, Instead of 100 Feet From the Beach","source":"KPBS","sourceUrl":"http://www.kpbs.org/","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/03/NuclearWasteStorageSt.mp3","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/staff/alison-st-john/\">Alison St John\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11656012/san-onofre-nuclear-waste-may-go-to-new-mexico-instead-of-100-feet-from-the-beach","audioDuration":92000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has begun a technical review of a license for an interim storage site for nuclear waste in New Mexico -- and that's a hopeful sign for those fighting to find an alternative to burying spent nuclear fuel 100 feet from the beach at the now-closed San Onofre nuclear plant, in northern San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sseb.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/Eddy-Lea-Energy-Alliance.pdf\">The Eddy-Lea Energy Alliance\u003c/a>, a coalition of cities and counties in the southeast corner of New Mexico, is ready and willing to accept nuclear waste — for a price. \u003ca href=\"https://holtecinternational.com/2017/11/28/update-on-the-subterranean-used-fuel-storage-system-hi-storm-umax-and-the-universal-transport-package-hi-star-190/\">Holtec, the company that designed the latest waste storage at San Onofre,\u003c/a> applied for a license last spring to build an interim storage site on 1,000 acres purchased by the alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the NRC has agreed to consider it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Heaton, chair of the Eddy-Lea Energy Alliance, said there are more than 30 states around the nation waiting for a safer place to store nuclear waste. Current federal priorities are to move the oldest nuclear waste first. But Heaton said if this license is granted, Holtec, a private company, could have a say in which nuclear waste gets priority, and San Onofre should be high on the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are on the oceanfront, you are also in a very seismically unstable area, as well as being in a high-density population area,” he said. “Those things, I think, would play into the decision-making about which fuel goes first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heaton said Congress has refused to consider interim storage sites like the one in New Mexico and refused to release billions of dollars in a fund originally intended for a stalled permanent storage site at Yucca Mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that the reality is that if Congress sees that a facility is in fact licensed and ready to operate, it may, in fact, change their mind,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether Congress changes its mind or not, Heaton said, ratepayers and taxpayers are paying for the storage of nuclear waste. The federal government has failed in its obligation to find a long-term storage site, and utilities are suing the U.S. Treasury for the costs of storing waste on site, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key issue is the liability for any future problems with the waste, which remains radioactive for thousands of years. Holtec said in an email that it is willing to take title to the fuel, provided appropriate contracting conditions are in place.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11656012/san-onofre-nuclear-waste-may-go-to-new-mexico-instead-of-100-feet-from-the-beach","authors":["byline_news_11656012"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_1029","news_20913","news_4486","news_1067","news_17286"],"affiliates":["news_7054"],"featImg":"news_11656018","label":"source_news_11656012"},"news_11359480":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11359480","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11359480","score":null,"sort":[1492758607000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site","title":"Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site","publishDate":1492758607,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem> Reporting for this story was supported by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\" target=\"_blank\">Fund for Investigative Journalism.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One sleepy Saturday morning in late August 1959, the federal Atomic Energy Commission issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2703248-Atomic-Energy-Commission-Press-Release.html\" target=\"_blank\">a press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>During an inspection of fuel elements on July 26 at the Sodium Reactor Experiment, operated for the Atomic Energy Commission at Santa Susana, California by Atomics International, a division of North American Aviation, Inc., a parted fuel element was observed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fuel element damage is not an indication of unsafe reactor conditions. No release of radioactive materials to the plant or its environs occurred and operating personnel were not exposed to harmful conditions.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In fact, there was a partial nuclear plant meltdown in the hills just 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details of what happened at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, including the venting of an unknown amount of radioactive gases, did not receive much media attention, and the facts of the accident weren't really known to the public for the better part of two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the environmental damage has yet to be fully addressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/04/2017-04-21a-tcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24625_DSC_0026-qut-1920x1285.jpg\" Title=\"Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Decades of Polluting the Mountains\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Santa Susana was founded in the mid-1940s at what was then the remote fringe of a largely rural San Fernando Valley. The laboratory developed and tested 10 nuclear reactors for the federal government and tested rocket engines for half a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1959 meltdown was just one mishap in decades of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html\" target=\"_blank\">left by atomic research\u003c/a>, the open-air \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2339522-3131-a1bp-lr1.html#document/p17/a238264\" target=\"_blank\">burning of toxic wastes\u003c/a> and thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3473599-Space-History-at-SSFL-2010-04-28.html\">NASA rocket engine tests\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"WTxtI9KNKG0pwjmpsmg5Ci4rqA2kZbEX\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space agency technicians used at least 800,000 gallons of the carcinogenic chemical compound \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/trichloroethylene-tce\" target=\"_blank\">trichloroethylene (TCE) \u003c/a>as a degreasing agent, then poured it out on the ground, where it flowed into unlined ponds and percolated down to local aquifers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752182-SSFL-PASI-Report-r2-Complete.html#document/p8/a282098\" target=\"_blank\">records show\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/ViewByEPAID/CAN000908498\" target=\"_blank\">EPA estimates\u003c/a> that half a million gallons of the substance remain in the soil and groundwater beneath the lab. Other contaminants from NASA’s activities include \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminant_perchlorate_january2014_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">perchlorate, \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hydrazine/\" target=\"_blank\">hydrazines\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pcbs/learn-about-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs\" target=\"_blank\">PCBs\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/dioxin\" target=\"_blank\">dioxins\u003c/a> and heavy metals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\">the EPA found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11383385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11383385\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut.jpg\" alt=\"NASA used trichloroethylene, a carcinogen, as a degreaser on its rocket test stands, then poured it into unlined storage ponds. An estimated half-million gallons of trichloroethylene have contaminated the ground beneath Santa Susana.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA used trichloroethylene, a carcinogen, as a degreaser on its rocket test stands, and then poured it into unlined storage ponds. An estimated half-million gallons of trichloroethylene have contaminated the ground beneath Santa Susana. \u003ccite>(William Preston Bowling)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At its height in the 1960s, the laboratory employed some 9,000 workers and carried out as many as eight rocket engine tests a day. People remember how the thundering roar of the rockets used to rattle windows in the rapidly growing suburbs nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the lab sits idle behind a security fence. The last nuclear experiment there concluded nearly 30 years ago, and the rocket engine testing wound up in 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giant rocket engine test stands still loom intact, but many of the lab’s industrial buildings have been leveled. Those remaining are slowly weathering. The rusting industrial wasteland seems incongruous today, a silent blot on a vista of chaparral and majestic sandstone bluffs. Still, nature is fighting back. In places, black sage, mule fat bush and \u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersociety.org/Yerba_About.htm\" target=\"_blank\">yerba santa\u003c/a> are starting to crowd the roads. Mountain lions, bobcats, coyotes and deer roam the grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.boeing.com\" target=\"_blank\">The Boeing Co. \u003c/a>took over most of the 2,850-acre lab site when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, and has pledged to preserve its portion of the land as open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11371914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11371914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is in the Simi Hills about 30 miles west of downtown Los Angeles.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1292\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-800x538.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-1180x794.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-960x646.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-375x252.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is in the Simi Hills about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But some neighbors and nuclear watchdog groups call that a public relations ploy meant to obscure the extent of the contamination. They fear that by getting Santa Susana designated as parkland, Boeing could avoid hundreds of millions of dollars in cleanup costs. Environmental remediation standards for such land are less stringent than they are for places where people live. They point out that even if nobody ever lives on the mountain site itself, the suburbs extend to just half a mile from the lab gates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics are also wary of the lab’s two other landowners, the \u003ca href=\"https://energy.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Energy, or DOE, \u003c/a>and\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov\" target=\"_blank\"> NASA. \u003c/a> In half a century of polluting the mountains, neither agency has come up with a thorough cleanup plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Moment of Hope Turns Sour\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In late 2010, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\">California Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003c/a> -- the state agency in charge of regulating California’s most polluted sites -- tried to get things moving. It signed \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\" target=\"_blank\">agreements\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">DOE\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html\">NASA \u003c/a> that required the federal agencies to remove all radioactive and chemical contamination from federally controlled property at Santa Susana, restoring the land to the condition it was in before rocketry and nuclear experiments began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists called the agreement a triumph for the environment and public health. They trusted state regulators’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2703460-DTSC-s-2010-Explanation-For-Applying.html#document/p21/a275250\" target=\"_blank\">promise\u003c/a> to make Boeing follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The history of this has been that of callous disregard for public health and safety, essentially cutting every corner you can.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsch, UC Santa Cruz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Instead, the standards for Boeing’s portion of the cleanup have been weakened to match company wishes. And both federal agencies are questioning the extent of their commitments to restore the land. The cleanup, which was supposed to be finished by now, hasn’t even cleared the planning stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some activists wonder whether the toxic threats in the land will ever be removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The history of this has been that of callous disregard for public health and safety, essentially cutting every corner you can, having a cozy relationship with regulators that lets you bypass normal rules,” says longtime lab critic Dan Hirsch. He's president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and directs the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cancer Risk Studies Hotly Debated\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Several studies have linked Santa Susana to increased cancer risks. However, scientists associated with the laboratory’s owners have questioned such findings, saying they make unwarranted assumptions about how much poison people actually are exposed to, or extrapolate from study populations that are too small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has gone on for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997, UCLA School of Public Health researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752394-UCLA-Rocketdyne-Radiation-Study-Sept-1997-Release.html#document/p8/a282262\">found\u003c/a> that field lab workers who were exposed to radiation at Santa Susana have an increased risk of dying of cancer. Researchers estimated the risks at six to eight times higher than those permitted under federal guidelines for long-term exposure to low-level radiation. News stories at the time quoted scholars hired by the laboratory to review the findings as questioning the study’s methodology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years later, the School of Public Health scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752395-UCLA-Rocketdyne-Chemical-Study-Jan-1999.html#document/p7/a286836\" target=\"_blank\">published research\u003c/a> showing twice as many lung cancers in workers who faced a lot of exposure to hydrazine on the job, compared with workers who didn’t. The authors said they couldn’t prove hydrazine exposure was to blame, but they were confident some chemical or chemicals related to hydrazine or other aspects of rocket engine fueling was the source of the danger. Again, scholars under contract with the laboratory’s owners called the findings inconclusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, Boeing funded its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2339865-rocketdyne-worker-health-study-executive-summary.html#document/p8/a238275\" target=\"_blank\">study,\u003c/a> which offered sharply different findings. After examining more than 46,000 people who worked for six months or longer at Santa Susana and an affiliated research facility in Canoga Park, researchers found a cancer death rate lower than that of the general population. Further, the paper’s authors pointed out that \"no cause of death was significantly elevated,\" even among those exposed to radiation and toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, press accounts quoted a UCLA researcher who noted that Boeing had paid a private research company more than twice what the DOE paid for the UCLA studies, and who speculated that the Boeing report’s conclusions were tailored to meet the client’s wishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'All the older people who lived above me, to the east, they all died of some sort of cancer.'\u003ccite>Holly Huff, Santa Susana neighbor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The debate resumed the following year, when another UCLA scholar published \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752826-UCLA-2006-Cohen-UCLA-2006-02-02.html#document/p107/a282273\">findings\u003c/a> on how poisons appear to have migrated from Santa Susana. Researchers reported that, from the 1950s through the '70s, people living within 2 miles of the field laboratory could have been exposed to significant amounts of TCE, hydrazine and other contaminants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752866-Boeing-2006-Boeing-Comments-on-UCLA-Exposure.html#document/p1/a282285\" target=\"_blank\">replied with a letter\u003c/a> to the study’s lead author, with copies to federal, state and local legislators, saying he was overstating the health risks by consistently choosing the worst-case exposure scenario. Boeing asserted that many of the contaminants cited in the report probably dissipate as they migrate from the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2007, University of Michigan researchers found the incidence of thyroid, bladder and blood system cancers to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2343941-uofm-rocketdyne-epidemiologic-study-feb-2007.html#document/p4/a349138\">more than 60 percent higher\u003c/a> for people living within 2 miles of the site than for those more than 5 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For all the scientific claims and counterclaims, Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff knows what she sees in her own body and among her friends and relatives. She has leukemia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367302\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367302\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff recently visited the place just outside the the field laboratory where she once grew flowers for sale. She thinks poison from the laboratory caused her leukemia.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff recently visited the place just outside the the field laboratory where she once grew flowers for sale. She thinks poison from the laboratory caused her leukemia. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A good friend, I just found out has esophagus cancer,\" she says. \"My brother’s friend he went to school with all his life, over at Chatsworth Lake, she died last summer from a brain tumor. All the older people who lived above me, to the east, they all died of some sort of cancer. I don’t know. Is it just because cancer is everywhere? I don’t think so. I do know it’s here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Local Governments Say Cleanup Plan Fails to Address Problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The DOE estimates that honoring its pledge to remove all the pollution it caused could mean excavating up to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p49/a339476\" target=\"_blank\">1.4 million cubic yards\u003c/a> of contaminated dirt from the 130 acres of land it is responsible for. That’s more than three times the volume of the Rose Bowl -- and removing that much dirt could cost at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p48/a339588\" target=\"_blank\">$468 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A DOE study published in January proposes leaving \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p29/a346483\" target=\"_blank\">more than a third\u003c/a> of the department's pollution in place. It includes the option of reducing the cleanup much more and cutting costs \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p48/a339588\" target=\"_blank\">by up to 75 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3560276-Ventura-County-Board-of-Supervisors-Letter.html\">Ventura County Board of Supervisors\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3560273-LA-City-Mayor-Letter-and-Council-Resolution.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles City Council\u003c/a> have all protested the study -- and this April they reiterated their criticism in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3617755-Signed-Joint-Letter-DOE-DEIS.html\" target=\"_blank\">joint letter\u003c/a>. The state Department of Toxic Substances Control also has \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3617756-DTSC-Comments-on-DOE-s-DEIS-for-Area-IV-Santa.html#document/p1/a348882\">declared\u003c/a> that the proposed cleanup fails to meet DOE's 2010 commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, NASA has estimated that keeping its agreement to remove all its waste would mean digging out up to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2755545-SSFL-Final-EIS.html#document/p91/a282753\" target=\"_blank\">half a million cubic yards of dirt at a cost of $200 million\u003c/a>. The agency’s inspector general has pointed out that that’s more than three times \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3473565-IG-14-021.html#document/p18/a339579\" target=\"_blank\">NASA’s annual cleanup budget\u003c/a> for the entire country. NASA has yet to come up with a concrete plan to proceed.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"It doesn’t make any sense at all to put this habitat at risk, and people use the term ‘moonscape.' \"\u003ccite>Dave Dassler, Boeing site program closure director\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Co., which is responsible for more than three-quarters of the land, hasn’t published any cost analysis as detailed as the federal agencies have provided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever Boeing’s site program closure director, Dave Dassler, talks about cleanup standards, he stresses the environmental cost of removing too much dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t make any sense at all to put this habitat at risk, and people use the term ‘moonscape,’ ” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dassler advocates what he calls a “suburban residential” cleanup standard for Boeing’s property. Environmental activists say that he’s distorting that regulatory category and that in fact the standards he’s pushing don’t meet residential requirements at all. Dassler insists that the standard is safe, especially since Santa Susana will eventually become a park where nobody lives and people visit only occasionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He estimates that the company could finish its share of the cleanup by removing no more than 400,000 cubic yards of dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s less than either NASA or the DOE face on their much smaller portions of Santa Susana’s grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367366 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about three miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Boeing Company's Dave Dassler, right, with company attorney and lobbyist Peter Weiner, at a regulatory hearing. Weiner, a former environmental aide to Gov. Jerry Brown during Brown's first administration, is considered to be one of the most influential environmental attorneys in the state.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boeing has acknowledged in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2429094-64847-boeing-sj-memorandum.html#document/p40/a243517\" target=\"_blank\">a court filing\u003c/a> that requiring it to match NASA’s and the DOE’s cleanup standards could cost the company hundreds of millions of dollars. Any comparison of Boeing’s plan with what the federal agencies are facing makes clear that Boeing stands to save a lot more money than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Susana project director for the DOE, John Jones, also has questioned whether his department’s promise to clean up its nuclear waste needs to be as rigorous. He points out that Santa Susana is the only place where the DOE has agreed to such stringent cleanup rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Clean Is Clean Enough?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the federal Environmental Protection Agency completed a detailed radiation map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight out of 10 times, when technicians found radiation, it was at concentrations low enough that it wasn’t considered a health threat that must be removed. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2313920-65789-final-radiological-characterization-of.html#document/p64/a237500\" target=\"_blank\">still left\u003c/a> nearly 300 hot spots where radioactive \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclide-basics-cesium-137\" target=\"_blank\">cesium-137\u003c/a> exceeded the safety threshold. Another 153 samples had strontium-90 at much higher concentrations than regulators considered safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.psr-la.org/about-psr-la/board-of-directors/\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Dodge of Physicians for Social Responsibility \u003c/a>called the pollution a grave public health risk. To the human body, strontium-90 looks like calcium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s taken up and deposited where calcium would be, which means teeth and bones, therefore causing problems down the road of bone cancer and leukemia,\" he says. And cesium can actually cause cancer in any organ of the body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an October 2015 tour of the Field Lab grounds, DOE Santa Susana Project Director John Jones discounted the threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there are those who are very politically connected who are very good for talking about vast radiological contamination, they need to define what is ‘vast amounts,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367369 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg\" alt=\"In a survey of land around the former reactor site, the U.S. EPA found radioactive cesium, strontium, cobalt and plutonium at levels exceeding the cleanup thresholds, or 'Radiation Trigger Levels.' This detail from a survey map superimposes radiation findings on an aerial photograph.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-800x521.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-1180x769.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-960x626.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a survey of land around the former reactor site, the U.S. EPA found radioactive cesium, strontium, cobalt and plutonium at levels exceeding the cleanup thresholds, or 'Radiation Trigger Levels.' This detail from a survey map superimposes radiation findings on an aerial photograph. \u003ccite>(United States Environmental Protection Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jones described most of the hot spots identified in the survey as just slightly more radioactive than what the EPA had declared safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an engineer, so to me, the numbers don’t lie,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the numbers Jones cited to discredit fears of radiation poisoning were out of date. A year before the interview, the EPA had markedly tightened its national safety \u003ca href=\"http://epa-prgs.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/radionuclides/rprg_search\">guidelines\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones has not responded to repeated requests to say whether he still considers the cleanup too rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To critic Dan Hirsch, the EPA's new stricter rules mean that “the agreement to clean up everything they can detect, that they created, becomes critically more important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Neighborhood Groups in Conflict\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some neighborhood organizations are also pushing for a strict cleanup. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocketdynecleanupcoalition.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Rocketdyne Cleanup Coalition\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ssflworkgroup.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Santa Susana Field Laboratory Work Group\u003c/a> meet regularly for briefings on developments regarding the laboratory. Members frequently testify before local and state lawmakers, urging them to enforce the terms of the 2010 federal agreements and to strengthen the terms that Boeing must meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It feels like we’re back on square one.'\u003ccite>Devyn Gortner, founder Teens Against Toxins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Another group, Teens Against Toxins, formed at the local high school. Co-founder Devyn Gortner has long since graduated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven years ago, when NASA and the DOE signed their agreements, Devyn felt sure her neighborhood would soon be free of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11369637\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11369637 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Jeanne Fjelstand hands out a leaflet warning Santa Susana visitors of remaining chemical and nuclear contamination during a Boeing-sponsored nature tour. Activists say Boeing is emphasizing Santa Susana's environmental value as a tactic to minimize the risk posed by the pollutants that remain at the site.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeanne Fjelstad hands out a leaflet warning Santa Susana visitors of remaining chemical and nuclear contamination during a Boeing-sponsored nature tour. Activists say Boeing is emphasizing Santa Susana's environmental value as a tactic to minimize the risk posed by the pollutants that remain at the site. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, “It feels like we’re back on square one,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some of Santa Susana’s neighbors say the environmental activists worry about the wrong things.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You should only clean up those materials that pose a risk to communities.'\u003ccite>Abe Weitzberg, community advisory group member and former lab physicist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ssflcag.net/\" target=\"_blank\">SSFL Community Advisory Group\u003c/a> is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3474280-SSFL-CAG-Documents.html#document/p5/a339739\">against enforcing\u003c/a> the DOE’s and NASA’s cleanup commitments, arguing that scouring away all pollution will scar the beautiful Simi Hills, damage pre-Colombian historic sites, endanger local wildlife and jeopardize the health of neighbors. They are concerned about trucks carrying hazardous debris through the surrounding suburbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Group member Abe Weitzberg is a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about 3 miles from the lab. He says he helped start the advisory group in part because Hirsch and his supporters kept shouting down skeptics at meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367364\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367364 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about three miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about 3 miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The advisory group has been asking Southern California neighborhood councils -- appointed boards that report community sentiment to the Los Angeles City Council -- to oppose the state’s cleanup agreements with NASA and the DOE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should only clean up those materials that pose a risk to communities. The hydrocarbons from the truck traffic actually pose more of a risk than very small quantities of cesium or strontium or chemicals, up at a place remote to where you live,” Weitzberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone agrees. Melissa Bumstead attended the West Hills Neighborhood Council one night early this month when it considered a resolution opposing the agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They voted overwhelmingly for a very limited cleanup option as I held up a picture of my daughter with no hair,\" she says. \"I feel that denial is a very, very powerful force.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11378520\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11378520 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Gracie Bumstead, 7, was diagnosed at age 4 with a rare form of leukemia. The necklace she wears is made of "courage beads" she received each time she completed a chemotherapy treatment. She's been cancer-free since January 2016. Gracie's mother Melissa, right, says neighborhood children have an unusually high cancer rate.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gracie Bumstead, 7, was diagnosed at age 4 with a rare form of leukemia. The necklace she wears is made of \"courage beads\" she received each time she completed a cancer treatment. She's been cancer-free since January 2016, but still keeps the hairless Barbie doll her parents gave her to help her through the trauma of chemotherapy. Gracie's mother, Melissa, right, believes neighborhood children have an unusually high cancer rate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Bumstead and her husband, Chad, bought their home in 2012, they thought they'd found a fantastic deal. Melissa had checked crime statistics and the performance of local schools. They were thrilled with the backyard pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in January 2014, they took their daughter, Gracie, to a hospital emergency room after she suddenly showed bruising all over her body. Gracie was diagnosed with a rare form of blood cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her child underwent two years of chemotherapy, Bumstead said she kept meeting other parents at the local hospital whose children suffered from rare illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3525565-ReportPediatricCancerCluster-PUBLIC.html#document/p4/a345647\">made a map\u003c/a> of pediatric cancers in her neighborhood. She acknowledges that her data are comprised of family accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, \"even with our rudimentary data, the numbers are alarming,\" Bumstead says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch believes the advisory group is a case of \"Astroturfing,\" where a polluter sets up a fake grass-roots organization that promotes its agenda and opposes strict environmental regulation. Email \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2474383-boeingcagemails.html\">records\u003c/a> show that a Boeing public relations executive advised the group as it was being formed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advisory group member John Luker gets tired of such talk. He says he has yet to see any pollution readings that make him fear Santa Susana will poison him. Meanwhile, he says, the need for a park is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who say I work for the Boeing Co., or they qualify that by saying I work for the goals and the ends of the Boeing Co.,” he says. \"My answer to that is the Boeing Co. works for me. Preserve what we can, clean up what we must, and save for future generations the wonders that are up here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August 2015, the DOE \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/Pages/AdvancedSearch.aspx?k=SSFL%20CAG%20Foundation\" target=\"_blank\">awarded\u003c/a> a $34,100 grant to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3474345-2015-472219588-0c59ea88-Z.html#document/p2/a339756\" target=\"_blank\">foundation\u003c/a> set up and run by advisory group members. Alec Uzemeck, a former advisory group chairman who now serves as the foundation’s secretary and treasurer, says the foundation was created for educational purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The $34,000 is for the CAG (community advisory group) to understand the cleanup process, the documentation, and what’s going on with the agencies and (polluters) and to communicate that to the public. So we’re a communications service to the public and from the public,” he says. “We don’t lobby.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He declined to provide a copy of the bid request and grant documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the DOE has proved equally guarded. Responding to a Freedom of Information Act request in October, a DOE official said he’d completed his review of the documents, but the department’s Washington office wanted to check them prior to release. The department has not produced the records.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Agencies, government and community groups debate risks and costs associated with cleanup at Santa Susana Field Lab in Ventura County.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1494980625,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":80,"wordCount":3738},"headData":{"title":"Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site | KQED","description":"Agencies, government and community groups debate risks and costs associated with cleanup at Santa Susana Field Lab in Ventura County.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11359480 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11359480","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/21/decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site/","disqusTitle":"Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site","path":"/news/11359480/decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem> Reporting for this story was supported by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fij.org\" target=\"_blank\">Fund for Investigative Journalism.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One sleepy Saturday morning in late August 1959, the federal Atomic Energy Commission issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2703248-Atomic-Energy-Commission-Press-Release.html\" target=\"_blank\">a press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>During an inspection of fuel elements on July 26 at the Sodium Reactor Experiment, operated for the Atomic Energy Commission at Santa Susana, California by Atomics International, a division of North American Aviation, Inc., a parted fuel element was observed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fuel element damage is not an indication of unsafe reactor conditions. No release of radioactive materials to the plant or its environs occurred and operating personnel were not exposed to harmful conditions.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In fact, there was a partial nuclear plant meltdown in the hills just 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details of what happened at the Santa Susana Field Laboratory, including the venting of an unknown amount of radioactive gases, did not receive much media attention, and the facts of the accident weren't really known to the public for the better part of two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the environmental damage has yet to be fully addressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/04/2017-04-21a-tcr.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24625_DSC_0026-qut-1920x1285.jpg","title":"Decades Later, Industry and Regulators Fail to Clean Up Former Rocket Test Site","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Decades of Polluting the Mountains\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Santa Susana was founded in the mid-1940s at what was then the remote fringe of a largely rural San Fernando Valley. The laboratory developed and tested 10 nuclear reactors for the federal government and tested rocket engines for half a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1959 meltdown was just one mishap in decades of pollution \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2271069-report-of-the-santa-susana-field-laboratory-panel.html\" target=\"_blank\">left by atomic research\u003c/a>, the open-air \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2339522-3131-a1bp-lr1.html#document/p17/a238264\" target=\"_blank\">burning of toxic wastes\u003c/a> and thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3473599-Space-History-at-SSFL-2010-04-28.html\">NASA rocket engine tests\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space agency technicians used at least 800,000 gallons of the carcinogenic chemical compound \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/trichloroethylene-tce\" target=\"_blank\">trichloroethylene (TCE) \u003c/a>as a degreasing agent, then poured it out on the ground, where it flowed into unlined ponds and percolated down to local aquifers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752182-SSFL-PASI-Report-r2-Complete.html#document/p8/a282098\" target=\"_blank\">records show\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/ViewByEPAID/CAN000908498\" target=\"_blank\">EPA estimates\u003c/a> that half a million gallons of the substance remain in the soil and groundwater beneath the lab. Other contaminants from NASA’s activities include \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminant_perchlorate_january2014_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">perchlorate, \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hydrazine/\" target=\"_blank\">hydrazines\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/pcbs/learn-about-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs\" target=\"_blank\">PCBs\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/dioxin\" target=\"_blank\">dioxins\u003c/a> and heavy metals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2424338-11-30-07-preliminary-assessment-site-inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\">the EPA found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11383385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11383385\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut.jpg\" alt=\"NASA used trichloroethylene, a carcinogen, as a degreaser on its rocket test stands, then poured it into unlined storage ponds. An estimated half-million gallons of trichloroethylene have contaminated the ground beneath Santa Susana.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24626_DSC_1223-photo-by-William-Preston-Bowling-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA used trichloroethylene, a carcinogen, as a degreaser on its rocket test stands, and then poured it into unlined storage ponds. An estimated half-million gallons of trichloroethylene have contaminated the ground beneath Santa Susana. \u003ccite>(William Preston Bowling)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At its height in the 1960s, the laboratory employed some 9,000 workers and carried out as many as eight rocket engine tests a day. People remember how the thundering roar of the rockets used to rattle windows in the rapidly growing suburbs nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the lab sits idle behind a security fence. The last nuclear experiment there concluded nearly 30 years ago, and the rocket engine testing wound up in 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giant rocket engine test stands still loom intact, but many of the lab’s industrial buildings have been leveled. Those remaining are slowly weathering. The rusting industrial wasteland seems incongruous today, a silent blot on a vista of chaparral and majestic sandstone bluffs. Still, nature is fighting back. In places, black sage, mule fat bush and \u003ca href=\"http://www.flowersociety.org/Yerba_About.htm\" target=\"_blank\">yerba santa\u003c/a> are starting to crowd the roads. Mountain lions, bobcats, coyotes and deer roam the grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.boeing.com\" target=\"_blank\">The Boeing Co. \u003c/a>took over most of the 2,850-acre lab site when it acquired \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocket.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Aerojet Rocketdyne\u003c/a> in 1996, and has pledged to preserve its portion of the land as open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11371914\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11371914\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is in the Simi Hills about 30 miles west of downtown Los Angeles.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1292\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-800x538.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-1020x686.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-1180x794.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-960x646.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-240x162.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-375x252.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24703_DTSC_Map-qut-1-520x350.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Susana Field Laboratory is in the Simi Hills about 30 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Source: California Department of Toxic Substances Control)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But some neighbors and nuclear watchdog groups call that a public relations ploy meant to obscure the extent of the contamination. They fear that by getting Santa Susana designated as parkland, Boeing could avoid hundreds of millions of dollars in cleanup costs. Environmental remediation standards for such land are less stringent than they are for places where people live. They point out that even if nobody ever lives on the mountain site itself, the suburbs extend to just half a mile from the lab gates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics are also wary of the lab’s two other landowners, the \u003ca href=\"https://energy.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Department of Energy, or DOE, \u003c/a>and\u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov\" target=\"_blank\"> NASA. \u003c/a> In half a century of polluting the mountains, neither agency has come up with a thorough cleanup plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Moment of Hope Turns Sour\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In late 2010, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dtsc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\">California Department of Toxic Substances Control \u003c/a> -- the state agency in charge of regulating California’s most polluted sites -- tried to get things moving. It signed \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/dec/HQ_10-326_Santa_Susana.html\" target=\"_blank\">agreements\u003c/a> with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761442-64791-SSFL-DOE-AOC-Final.html#document/p5/a339563\">DOE\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2761443-NASA-DTSC-Final-AOC-Dec-2010.html\">NASA \u003c/a> that required the federal agencies to remove all radioactive and chemical contamination from federally controlled property at Santa Susana, restoring the land to the condition it was in before rocketry and nuclear experiments began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists called the agreement a triumph for the environment and public health. They trusted state regulators’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2703460-DTSC-s-2010-Explanation-For-Applying.html#document/p21/a275250\" target=\"_blank\">promise\u003c/a> to make Boeing follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The history of this has been that of callous disregard for public health and safety, essentially cutting every corner you can.'\u003ccite>Dan Hirsch, UC Santa Cruz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Instead, the standards for Boeing’s portion of the cleanup have been weakened to match company wishes. And both federal agencies are questioning the extent of their commitments to restore the land. The cleanup, which was supposed to be finished by now, hasn’t even cleared the planning stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some activists wonder whether the toxic threats in the land will ever be removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The history of this has been that of callous disregard for public health and safety, essentially cutting every corner you can, having a cozy relationship with regulators that lets you bypass normal rules,” says longtime lab critic Dan Hirsch. He's president of the nuclear watchdog group \u003ca href=\"http://committeetobridgethegap.org/\">Committee to Bridge the Gap\u003c/a> and directs the \u003ca href=\"https://socialsciences.ucsc.edu/academics/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=dohirsch\" target=\"_blank\">Program on Environmental and Nuclear Policy at UC Santa Cruz.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Cancer Risk Studies Hotly Debated\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Several studies have linked Santa Susana to increased cancer risks. However, scientists associated with the laboratory’s owners have questioned such findings, saying they make unwarranted assumptions about how much poison people actually are exposed to, or extrapolate from study populations that are too small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate has gone on for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997, UCLA School of Public Health researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752394-UCLA-Rocketdyne-Radiation-Study-Sept-1997-Release.html#document/p8/a282262\">found\u003c/a> that field lab workers who were exposed to radiation at Santa Susana have an increased risk of dying of cancer. Researchers estimated the risks at six to eight times higher than those permitted under federal guidelines for long-term exposure to low-level radiation. News stories at the time quoted scholars hired by the laboratory to review the findings as questioning the study’s methodology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years later, the School of Public Health scientists \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752395-UCLA-Rocketdyne-Chemical-Study-Jan-1999.html#document/p7/a286836\" target=\"_blank\">published research\u003c/a> showing twice as many lung cancers in workers who faced a lot of exposure to hydrazine on the job, compared with workers who didn’t. The authors said they couldn’t prove hydrazine exposure was to blame, but they were confident some chemical or chemicals related to hydrazine or other aspects of rocket engine fueling was the source of the danger. Again, scholars under contract with the laboratory’s owners called the findings inconclusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, Boeing funded its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2339865-rocketdyne-worker-health-study-executive-summary.html#document/p8/a238275\" target=\"_blank\">study,\u003c/a> which offered sharply different findings. After examining more than 46,000 people who worked for six months or longer at Santa Susana and an affiliated research facility in Canoga Park, researchers found a cancer death rate lower than that of the general population. Further, the paper’s authors pointed out that \"no cause of death was significantly elevated,\" even among those exposed to radiation and toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, press accounts quoted a UCLA researcher who noted that Boeing had paid a private research company more than twice what the DOE paid for the UCLA studies, and who speculated that the Boeing report’s conclusions were tailored to meet the client’s wishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'All the older people who lived above me, to the east, they all died of some sort of cancer.'\u003ccite>Holly Huff, Santa Susana neighbor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The debate resumed the following year, when another UCLA scholar published \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752826-UCLA-2006-Cohen-UCLA-2006-02-02.html#document/p107/a282273\">findings\u003c/a> on how poisons appear to have migrated from Santa Susana. Researchers reported that, from the 1950s through the '70s, people living within 2 miles of the field laboratory could have been exposed to significant amounts of TCE, hydrazine and other contaminants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Boeing \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2752866-Boeing-2006-Boeing-Comments-on-UCLA-Exposure.html#document/p1/a282285\" target=\"_blank\">replied with a letter\u003c/a> to the study’s lead author, with copies to federal, state and local legislators, saying he was overstating the health risks by consistently choosing the worst-case exposure scenario. Boeing asserted that many of the contaminants cited in the report probably dissipate as they migrate from the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2007, University of Michigan researchers found the incidence of thyroid, bladder and blood system cancers to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2343941-uofm-rocketdyne-epidemiologic-study-feb-2007.html#document/p4/a349138\">more than 60 percent higher\u003c/a> for people living within 2 miles of the site than for those more than 5 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For all the scientific claims and counterclaims, Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff knows what she sees in her own body and among her friends and relatives. She has leukemia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367302\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367302\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff recently visited the place just outside the the field laboratory where she once grew flowers for sale. She thinks poison from the laboratory caused her leukemia.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24628__DSC0196-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Susana neighbor Holly Huff recently visited the place just outside the the field laboratory where she once grew flowers for sale. She thinks poison from the laboratory caused her leukemia. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A good friend, I just found out has esophagus cancer,\" she says. \"My brother’s friend he went to school with all his life, over at Chatsworth Lake, she died last summer from a brain tumor. All the older people who lived above me, to the east, they all died of some sort of cancer. I don’t know. Is it just because cancer is everywhere? I don’t think so. I do know it’s here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Local Governments Say Cleanup Plan Fails to Address Problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The DOE estimates that honoring its pledge to remove all the pollution it caused could mean excavating up to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p49/a339476\" target=\"_blank\">1.4 million cubic yards\u003c/a> of contaminated dirt from the 130 acres of land it is responsible for. That’s more than three times the volume of the Rose Bowl -- and removing that much dirt could cost at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p48/a339588\" target=\"_blank\">$468 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A DOE study published in January proposes leaving \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p29/a346483\" target=\"_blank\">more than a third\u003c/a> of the department's pollution in place. It includes the option of reducing the cleanup much more and cutting costs \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3472706-Summary.html#document/p48/a339588\" target=\"_blank\">by up to 75 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3560276-Ventura-County-Board-of-Supervisors-Letter.html\">Ventura County Board of Supervisors\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3515481-SSFL-Letter-to-B-Lee.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3560273-LA-City-Mayor-Letter-and-Council-Resolution.html\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles City Council\u003c/a> have all protested the study -- and this April they reiterated their criticism in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3617755-Signed-Joint-Letter-DOE-DEIS.html\" target=\"_blank\">joint letter\u003c/a>. The state Department of Toxic Substances Control also has \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3617756-DTSC-Comments-on-DOE-s-DEIS-for-Area-IV-Santa.html#document/p1/a348882\">declared\u003c/a> that the proposed cleanup fails to meet DOE's 2010 commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For its part, NASA has estimated that keeping its agreement to remove all its waste would mean digging out up to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2755545-SSFL-Final-EIS.html#document/p91/a282753\" target=\"_blank\">half a million cubic yards of dirt at a cost of $200 million\u003c/a>. The agency’s inspector general has pointed out that that’s more than three times \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3473565-IG-14-021.html#document/p18/a339579\" target=\"_blank\">NASA’s annual cleanup budget\u003c/a> for the entire country. NASA has yet to come up with a concrete plan to proceed.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"It doesn’t make any sense at all to put this habitat at risk, and people use the term ‘moonscape.' \"\u003ccite>Dave Dassler, Boeing site program closure director\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The Boeing Co., which is responsible for more than three-quarters of the land, hasn’t published any cost analysis as detailed as the federal agencies have provided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever Boeing’s site program closure director, Dave Dassler, talks about cleanup standards, he stresses the environmental cost of removing too much dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t make any sense at all to put this habitat at risk, and people use the term ‘moonscape,’ ” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dassler advocates what he calls a “suburban residential” cleanup standard for Boeing’s property. Environmental activists say that he’s distorting that regulatory category and that in fact the standards he’s pushing don’t meet residential requirements at all. Dassler insists that the standard is safe, especially since Santa Susana will eventually become a park where nobody lives and people visit only occasionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He estimates that the company could finish its share of the cleanup by removing no more than 400,000 cubic yards of dirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s less than either NASA or the DOE face on their much smaller portions of Santa Susana’s grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367366 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about three miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24634_DSC_0064-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Boeing Company's Dave Dassler, right, with company attorney and lobbyist Peter Weiner, at a regulatory hearing. Weiner, a former environmental aide to Gov. Jerry Brown during Brown's first administration, is considered to be one of the most influential environmental attorneys in the state.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boeing has acknowledged in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2429094-64847-boeing-sj-memorandum.html#document/p40/a243517\" target=\"_blank\">a court filing\u003c/a> that requiring it to match NASA’s and the DOE’s cleanup standards could cost the company hundreds of millions of dollars. Any comparison of Boeing’s plan with what the federal agencies are facing makes clear that Boeing stands to save a lot more money than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Susana project director for the DOE, John Jones, also has questioned whether his department’s promise to clean up its nuclear waste needs to be as rigorous. He points out that Santa Susana is the only place where the DOE has agreed to such stringent cleanup rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Clean Is Clean Enough?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the federal Environmental Protection Agency completed a detailed radiation map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight out of 10 times, when technicians found radiation, it was at concentrations low enough that it wasn’t considered a health threat that must be removed. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2313920-65789-final-radiological-characterization-of.html#document/p64/a237500\" target=\"_blank\">still left\u003c/a> nearly 300 hot spots where radioactive \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclide-basics-cesium-137\" target=\"_blank\">cesium-137\u003c/a> exceeded the safety threshold. Another 153 samples had strontium-90 at much higher concentrations than regulators considered safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.psr-la.org/about-psr-la/board-of-directors/\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Dodge of Physicians for Social Responsibility \u003c/a>called the pollution a grave public health risk. To the human body, strontium-90 looks like calcium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s taken up and deposited where calcium would be, which means teeth and bones, therefore causing problems down the road of bone cancer and leukemia,\" he says. And cesium can actually cause cancer in any organ of the body.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an October 2015 tour of the Field Lab grounds, DOE Santa Susana Project Director John Jones discounted the threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although there are those who are very politically connected who are very good for talking about vast radiological contamination, they need to define what is ‘vast amounts,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367369 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg\" alt=\"In a survey of land around the former reactor site, the U.S. EPA found radioactive cesium, strontium, cobalt and plutonium at levels exceeding the cleanup thresholds, or 'Radiation Trigger Levels.' This detail from a survey map superimposes radiation findings on an aerial photograph.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-160x104.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-800x521.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-1020x665.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-1180x769.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-960x626.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-240x156.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-375x244.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24635_RadiationMap-qut-520x339.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a survey of land around the former reactor site, the U.S. EPA found radioactive cesium, strontium, cobalt and plutonium at levels exceeding the cleanup thresholds, or 'Radiation Trigger Levels.' This detail from a survey map superimposes radiation findings on an aerial photograph. \u003ccite>(United States Environmental Protection Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jones described most of the hot spots identified in the survey as just slightly more radioactive than what the EPA had declared safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an engineer, so to me, the numbers don’t lie,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the numbers Jones cited to discredit fears of radiation poisoning were out of date. A year before the interview, the EPA had markedly tightened its national safety \u003ca href=\"http://epa-prgs.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/radionuclides/rprg_search\">guidelines\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones has not responded to repeated requests to say whether he still considers the cleanup too rigorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To critic Dan Hirsch, the EPA's new stricter rules mean that “the agreement to clean up everything they can detect, that they created, becomes critically more important.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Neighborhood Groups in Conflict\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some neighborhood organizations are also pushing for a strict cleanup. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.rocketdynecleanupcoalition.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Rocketdyne Cleanup Coalition\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ssflworkgroup.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Santa Susana Field Laboratory Work Group\u003c/a> meet regularly for briefings on developments regarding the laboratory. Members frequently testify before local and state lawmakers, urging them to enforce the terms of the 2010 federal agreements and to strengthen the terms that Boeing must meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It feels like we’re back on square one.'\u003ccite>Devyn Gortner, founder Teens Against Toxins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Another group, Teens Against Toxins, formed at the local high school. Co-founder Devyn Gortner has long since graduated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven years ago, when NASA and the DOE signed their agreements, Devyn felt sure her neighborhood would soon be free of pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11369637\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11369637 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Jeanne Fjelstand hands out a leaflet warning Santa Susana visitors of remaining chemical and nuclear contamination during a Boeing-sponsored nature tour. Activists say Boeing is emphasizing Santa Susana's environmental value as a tactic to minimize the risk posed by the pollutants that remain at the site.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24677__DSC0012-3-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeanne Fjelstad hands out a leaflet warning Santa Susana visitors of remaining chemical and nuclear contamination during a Boeing-sponsored nature tour. Activists say Boeing is emphasizing Santa Susana's environmental value as a tactic to minimize the risk posed by the pollutants that remain at the site. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, “It feels like we’re back on square one,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some of Santa Susana’s neighbors say the environmental activists worry about the wrong things.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You should only clean up those materials that pose a risk to communities.'\u003ccite>Abe Weitzberg, community advisory group member and former lab physicist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ssflcag.net/\" target=\"_blank\">SSFL Community Advisory Group\u003c/a> is \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3474280-SSFL-CAG-Documents.html#document/p5/a339739\">against enforcing\u003c/a> the DOE’s and NASA’s cleanup commitments, arguing that scouring away all pollution will scar the beautiful Simi Hills, damage pre-Colombian historic sites, endanger local wildlife and jeopardize the health of neighbors. They are concerned about trucks carrying hazardous debris through the surrounding suburbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Group member Abe Weitzberg is a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about 3 miles from the lab. He says he helped start the advisory group in part because Hirsch and his supporters kept shouting down skeptics at meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367364\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11367364 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about three miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24637_DSC_0020-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abe Weitzberg, a former Santa Susana physicist who lives about 3 miles from the lab, is active in the SSFL Community Advisory Group, which opposes the stringent cleanups at Santa Susana that NASA and the federal Department of Energy have agreed to. Weitzberg predicts that if NASA and the DOE do meet the terms of their 2010 commitments, they’ll start a years-long parade of demolition debris through his neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The advisory group has been asking Southern California neighborhood councils -- appointed boards that report community sentiment to the Los Angeles City Council -- to oppose the state’s cleanup agreements with NASA and the DOE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should only clean up those materials that pose a risk to communities. The hydrocarbons from the truck traffic actually pose more of a risk than very small quantities of cesium or strontium or chemicals, up at a place remote to where you live,” Weitzberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not everyone agrees. Melissa Bumstead attended the West Hills Neighborhood Council one night early this month when it considered a resolution opposing the agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They voted overwhelmingly for a very limited cleanup option as I held up a picture of my daughter with no hair,\" she says. \"I feel that denial is a very, very powerful force.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11378520\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11378520 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Gracie Bumstead, 7, was diagnosed at age 4 with a rare form of leukemia. The necklace she wears is made of "courage beads" she received each time she completed a chemotherapy treatment. She's been cancer-free since January 2016. Gracie's mother Melissa, right, says neighborhood children have an unusually high cancer rate.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1285\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24774__DSC0106-2-qut-520x348.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gracie Bumstead, 7, was diagnosed at age 4 with a rare form of leukemia. The necklace she wears is made of \"courage beads\" she received each time she completed a cancer treatment. She's been cancer-free since January 2016, but still keeps the hairless Barbie doll her parents gave her to help her through the trauma of chemotherapy. Gracie's mother, Melissa, right, believes neighborhood children have an unusually high cancer rate. \u003ccite>(Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Bumstead and her husband, Chad, bought their home in 2012, they thought they'd found a fantastic deal. Melissa had checked crime statistics and the performance of local schools. They were thrilled with the backyard pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in January 2014, they took their daughter, Gracie, to a hospital emergency room after she suddenly showed bruising all over her body. Gracie was diagnosed with a rare form of blood cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her child underwent two years of chemotherapy, Bumstead said she kept meeting other parents at the local hospital whose children suffered from rare illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3525565-ReportPediatricCancerCluster-PUBLIC.html#document/p4/a345647\">made a map\u003c/a> of pediatric cancers in her neighborhood. She acknowledges that her data are comprised of family accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, \"even with our rudimentary data, the numbers are alarming,\" Bumstead says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Hirsch believes the advisory group is a case of \"Astroturfing,\" where a polluter sets up a fake grass-roots organization that promotes its agenda and opposes strict environmental regulation. Email \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2474383-boeingcagemails.html\">records\u003c/a> show that a Boeing public relations executive advised the group as it was being formed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advisory group member John Luker gets tired of such talk. He says he has yet to see any pollution readings that make him fear Santa Susana will poison him. Meanwhile, he says, the need for a park is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who say I work for the Boeing Co., or they qualify that by saying I work for the goals and the ends of the Boeing Co.,” he says. \"My answer to that is the Boeing Co. works for me. Preserve what we can, clean up what we must, and save for future generations the wonders that are up here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August 2015, the DOE \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/Pages/AdvancedSearch.aspx?k=SSFL%20CAG%20Foundation\" target=\"_blank\">awarded\u003c/a> a $34,100 grant to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3474345-2015-472219588-0c59ea88-Z.html#document/p2/a339756\" target=\"_blank\">foundation\u003c/a> set up and run by advisory group members. Alec Uzemeck, a former advisory group chairman who now serves as the foundation’s secretary and treasurer, says the foundation was created for educational purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The $34,000 is for the CAG (community advisory group) to understand the cleanup process, the documentation, and what’s going on with the agencies and (polluters) and to communicate that to the public. So we’re a communications service to the public and from the public,” he says. “We don’t lobby.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He declined to provide a copy of the bid request and grant documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the DOE has proved equally guarded. Responding to a Freedom of Information Act request in October, a DOE official said he’d completed his review of the documents, but the department’s Washington office wanted to check them prior to release. The department has not produced the records.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11359480/decades-later-industry-and-regulators-fail-to-clean-up-former-rocket-test-site","authors":["219"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_457","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_355","news_1029","news_2920","news_20796","news_17286","news_17041"],"featImg":"news_11361555","label":"news_72"},"news_138151":{"type":"posts","id":"news_138151","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"138151","score":null,"sort":[1402153239000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"victims-of-the-fukushima-nuclear-disaster-fear-being-forgotten","title":"Survivors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Disaster Fear Being Forgotten","publishDate":1402153239,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_138165\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/477410077.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-138165\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/477410077-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman holds a container filled with fish given by her neighbor outside her temporary house. (Yuriko Nakao/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An elderly woman holds a container filled with fish given by her neighbor outside her temporary house. (Yuriko Nakao/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three years after a massive earthquake and tsunami caused a meltdown of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant more than 100,000 former residents remain displaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Japan, the government is forging ahead with plans to decontaminate and reopen the area currently deemed a \"no-go zone,\" but former residents have mixed feelings about returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Mina Kim spoke with Associated Press reporter \u003ca href=\"http://yurikageyama.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Yuri Kageyama\u003c/a> about the cleanup efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'What we have lost can't be measured in money.'\u003ccite>- Shigetoshi Suzuki, former resident of Tomioka, Japan\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\n\u003cp>Many residents are concerned about the unknown health effects of radiation. After Chernobyl, there was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/backgrounder/en/\" target=\"_blank\">large increase in people with thyroid cancer \u003c/a>who were young children and adolescents at the time of the accident and lived in the most contaminated areas of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may never know because it is very difficult to link individual sicknesses with whatever causes that sickness,\" Kageyama said. \"So the fear just keeps building, the distress keeps building and the people are still there living every day with that uncertainty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents say they are afraid to publicly voice their concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of pressure on these people not to complain, and also there's a lot of pressure on them to say their lives are back in order, that we are over the disaster,\" Kageyama said. \"The perception is prevalent that the government is playing down the bad things and being upbeat about the positive things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of all residents are afraid of being forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wish there were more interest, because the people of Fukushima are extremely worried about being forgotten. This is an important story, it's probably the biggest story of my life. I've been with AP for more than 20 years and I think it's up to us reporters to make sure that important stories are not forgotten,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/152874239&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kageyama will continue to follow the decontamination efforts. You can read her story on Fukushima residents returning below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOMIOKA, Japan (AP) — Whenever Kazuhiro Onuki goes home, to his real home that is, the 66-year-old former librarian dons protective gear from head to toe and hangs a dosimeter around his neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grass grows wild in the backyard. The ceiling leaks. Thieves have ransacked the shelves, leaving papers and clothing all over the floor so there is barely room to walk. Mouse dung is scattered like raisins. There is no running water or electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Above all, radiation is everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's difficult to imagine ever living again in Tomioka, a ghost town about 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the former Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant. And yet more than three years after meltdowns at the plant forced this community of 16,000 people to flee, Onuki can't quite make the psychological break to start anew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His family lived here for four generations. Every time he goes back, he is overcome by emotion. Especially during that brief time in the spring when the cherry blossoms bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They flower as though nothing has happened,\" he said. \"They are weeping because all the people have left.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Japanese government is pushing ahead with efforts to decontaminate and reopen as much of a 20-kilometer (12-mile) no-go zone around the plant as it can. Authorities declared a tiny corner of the zone safe for living as of April 1, and hope to lift evacuation orders in more areas in the coming months and years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former residents have mixed feelings. In their hearts, many want their old lives back. But distrust about the decontamination program runs deep. Will it really be safe? Others among the more than 100,000 displaced have established new lives elsewhere, in the years since the 2011 earthquake and tsunami sent three of Fukushima's reactors into meltdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the evacuation order is lifted for their area, they will lose a monthly stipend of 100,000 yen ($1,000) they receive from Tokyo Electric Power Co., the owner of the Fukushima plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A survey last year found that 16 percent of Tomioka residents wanted to return, 40 percent had decided never to return, and 43 percent were undecided. Two-thirds said they were working before the disaster, but only one-third had jobs at the time of the survey, underlining the challenges to starting over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former resident Shigetoshi Suzuki, a friend of Onuki, is outraged the government would even ask such a question: Do you want to go back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, we all want to return, he said. People like him were effectively forced into retirement, the 65-year-old land surveyor said. If he hadn't evacuated to a Tokyo suburb with his wife, he would have continued working for his longtime clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is a ridiculous question,\" Suzuki said. \"We could have led normal lives. What we have lost can't be measured in money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In protest, he has refused to sign the forms that would allow his property to undergo decontamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has divided the no-go zone into three areas by radiation level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst areas are marked in pink on official maps and classified as \"difficult to return.\" They are still enclosed by a barricade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow designates a \"restricted\" area, limiting visits to a few hours. No overnight stays are allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The green zones are \"in preparations to lift evacuation orders.\" They must be decontaminated, which includes scrubbing building surfaces and scraping off the top layer of soil and is being carried out throughout the zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomioka has all three zones within its boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The green zones are those where authorities have confirmed radiation exposure can be brought below 20 millisieverts a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term goal is to bring annual exposure down to 1 millisievert, or the equivalent of 10 chest X-rays, which was considered the safe level before the disaster, but the government is lifting evacuation orders at higher levels. It says it will monitor the health and exposure of people who move back to such areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the yellow restricted zone, where Sukuki's and Onuki's homes lie, a visitor exceeds 1 millisievert in a matter of a few hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent visit, Onuki and his wife Michiko walked beneath the pink petals floating from a tunnel of cherry trees, previously a local tourist attraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The streets were abandoned, except for a car passing through now and then. The neighborhood was eerily quiet except for the chirping of the nightingales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The prime minister says the accident is under control, but we feel the thing could explode the next minute,\" said Michiko Onuki, who ran a ceramic and craft shop out of their Tomioka home. \"We would have to live in fear of radiation. This town is dead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both wore oversized white astronaut-like gear, which doesn't keep out radioactive rays out but helps prevent radioactive material from being brought back, outside the no-go zone. Filtered masks covered half their faces. They discarded the gear when they left, so they wouldn't bring any radiation back to their Tokyo apartment, which they share with an adult son and daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Junji Oshida, 43, whose family ran an upscale restaurant in Tomioka that specialized in eel, was at first devastated that he lost the traditional sauce for the eel that had been passed down over generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has since opened a new restaurant just outside the zone that caters to nuclear cleanup workers. He recreated the sauce and serves pork, which is cheaper than eel. He lives apart from his wife and sons, who are in a Tokyo suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no sense in looking back,\" Oshida said, still wearing the eel restaurant's emblem on his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older residents can't give up so easily, even those who will never be able to return — like Tomioka city assemblyman Seijun Ando, whose home lies in the most irradiated, pink zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ando, 59, said that dividing Tomioka by radiation levels has pitted one group of residents against another, feeding resentment among some. One idea he has is to bring residents from various towns in the no-go zone together to start a new community in another, less radiated part of Fukushima — a place he described as \"for our grandchildren and great-grandchildren.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can survive anywhere, although I had a plan for my life that was destroyed from its very roots,\" said Ando, tears welling up in his eyes. \"Don't get me wrong. I'm not suffering. I'm just worried for Tomioka.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Three years after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant meltdown, over 100,000 residents remain displaced.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1402118270,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":45,"wordCount":1461},"headData":{"title":"Survivors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Disaster Fear Being Forgotten | KQED","description":"Three years after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant meltdown, over 100,000 residents remain displaced.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"138151 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=138151","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/07/victims-of-the-fukushima-nuclear-disaster-fear-being-forgotten/","disqusTitle":"Survivors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Disaster Fear Being Forgotten","path":"/news/138151/victims-of-the-fukushima-nuclear-disaster-fear-being-forgotten","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_138165\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/477410077.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-138165\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/477410077-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman holds a container filled with fish given by her neighbor outside her temporary house. (Yuriko Nakao/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An elderly woman holds a container filled with fish given by her neighbor outside her temporary house. (Yuriko Nakao/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three years after a massive earthquake and tsunami caused a meltdown of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant more than 100,000 former residents remain displaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Japan, the government is forging ahead with plans to decontaminate and reopen the area currently deemed a \"no-go zone,\" but former residents have mixed feelings about returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Mina Kim spoke with Associated Press reporter \u003ca href=\"http://yurikageyama.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Yuri Kageyama\u003c/a> about the cleanup efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'What we have lost can't be measured in money.'\u003ccite>- Shigetoshi Suzuki, former resident of Tomioka, Japan\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\n\u003cp>Many residents are concerned about the unknown health effects of radiation. After Chernobyl, there was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/chernobyl/backgrounder/en/\" target=\"_blank\">large increase in people with thyroid cancer \u003c/a>who were young children and adolescents at the time of the accident and lived in the most contaminated areas of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may never know because it is very difficult to link individual sicknesses with whatever causes that sickness,\" Kageyama said. \"So the fear just keeps building, the distress keeps building and the people are still there living every day with that uncertainty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents say they are afraid to publicly voice their concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a lot of pressure on these people not to complain, and also there's a lot of pressure on them to say their lives are back in order, that we are over the disaster,\" Kageyama said. \"The perception is prevalent that the government is playing down the bad things and being upbeat about the positive things.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most of all residents are afraid of being forgotten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wish there were more interest, because the people of Fukushima are extremely worried about being forgotten. This is an important story, it's probably the biggest story of my life. I've been with AP for more than 20 years and I think it's up to us reporters to make sure that important stories are not forgotten,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/152874239&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_artwork=true&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kageyama will continue to follow the decontamination efforts. You can read her story on Fukushima residents returning below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOMIOKA, Japan (AP) — Whenever Kazuhiro Onuki goes home, to his real home that is, the 66-year-old former librarian dons protective gear from head to toe and hangs a dosimeter around his neck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grass grows wild in the backyard. The ceiling leaks. Thieves have ransacked the shelves, leaving papers and clothing all over the floor so there is barely room to walk. Mouse dung is scattered like raisins. There is no running water or electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Above all, radiation is everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's difficult to imagine ever living again in Tomioka, a ghost town about 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the former Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant. And yet more than three years after meltdowns at the plant forced this community of 16,000 people to flee, Onuki can't quite make the psychological break to start anew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His family lived here for four generations. Every time he goes back, he is overcome by emotion. Especially during that brief time in the spring when the cherry blossoms bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They flower as though nothing has happened,\" he said. \"They are weeping because all the people have left.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Japanese government is pushing ahead with efforts to decontaminate and reopen as much of a 20-kilometer (12-mile) no-go zone around the plant as it can. Authorities declared a tiny corner of the zone safe for living as of April 1, and hope to lift evacuation orders in more areas in the coming months and years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former residents have mixed feelings. In their hearts, many want their old lives back. But distrust about the decontamination program runs deep. Will it really be safe? Others among the more than 100,000 displaced have established new lives elsewhere, in the years since the 2011 earthquake and tsunami sent three of Fukushima's reactors into meltdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the evacuation order is lifted for their area, they will lose a monthly stipend of 100,000 yen ($1,000) they receive from Tokyo Electric Power Co., the owner of the Fukushima plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A survey last year found that 16 percent of Tomioka residents wanted to return, 40 percent had decided never to return, and 43 percent were undecided. Two-thirds said they were working before the disaster, but only one-third had jobs at the time of the survey, underlining the challenges to starting over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former resident Shigetoshi Suzuki, a friend of Onuki, is outraged the government would even ask such a question: Do you want to go back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, we all want to return, he said. People like him were effectively forced into retirement, the 65-year-old land surveyor said. If he hadn't evacuated to a Tokyo suburb with his wife, he would have continued working for his longtime clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is a ridiculous question,\" Suzuki said. \"We could have led normal lives. What we have lost can't be measured in money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In protest, he has refused to sign the forms that would allow his property to undergo decontamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government has divided the no-go zone into three areas by radiation level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst areas are marked in pink on official maps and classified as \"difficult to return.\" They are still enclosed by a barricade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow designates a \"restricted\" area, limiting visits to a few hours. No overnight stays are allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The green zones are \"in preparations to lift evacuation orders.\" They must be decontaminated, which includes scrubbing building surfaces and scraping off the top layer of soil and is being carried out throughout the zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tomioka has all three zones within its boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The green zones are those where authorities have confirmed radiation exposure can be brought below 20 millisieverts a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-term goal is to bring annual exposure down to 1 millisievert, or the equivalent of 10 chest X-rays, which was considered the safe level before the disaster, but the government is lifting evacuation orders at higher levels. It says it will monitor the health and exposure of people who move back to such areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the yellow restricted zone, where Sukuki's and Onuki's homes lie, a visitor exceeds 1 millisievert in a matter of a few hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent visit, Onuki and his wife Michiko walked beneath the pink petals floating from a tunnel of cherry trees, previously a local tourist attraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The streets were abandoned, except for a car passing through now and then. The neighborhood was eerily quiet except for the chirping of the nightingales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The prime minister says the accident is under control, but we feel the thing could explode the next minute,\" said Michiko Onuki, who ran a ceramic and craft shop out of their Tomioka home. \"We would have to live in fear of radiation. This town is dead.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both wore oversized white astronaut-like gear, which doesn't keep out radioactive rays out but helps prevent radioactive material from being brought back, outside the no-go zone. Filtered masks covered half their faces. They discarded the gear when they left, so they wouldn't bring any radiation back to their Tokyo apartment, which they share with an adult son and daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Junji Oshida, 43, whose family ran an upscale restaurant in Tomioka that specialized in eel, was at first devastated that he lost the traditional sauce for the eel that had been passed down over generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has since opened a new restaurant just outside the zone that caters to nuclear cleanup workers. He recreated the sauce and serves pork, which is cheaper than eel. He lives apart from his wife and sons, who are in a Tokyo suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no sense in looking back,\" Oshida said, still wearing the eel restaurant's emblem on his shirt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Older residents can't give up so easily, even those who will never be able to return — like Tomioka city assemblyman Seijun Ando, whose home lies in the most irradiated, pink zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ando, 59, said that dividing Tomioka by radiation levels has pitted one group of residents against another, feeding resentment among some. One idea he has is to bring residents from various towns in the no-go zone together to start a new community in another, less radiated part of Fukushima — a place he described as \"for our grandchildren and great-grandchildren.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can survive anywhere, although I had a plan for my life that was destroyed from its very roots,\" said Ando, tears welling up in his eyes. \"Don't get me wrong. I'm not suffering. I'm just worried for Tomioka.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/138151/victims-of-the-fukushima-nuclear-disaster-fear-being-forgotten","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_1048","news_1029"],"featImg":"news_138165","label":"news_6944"},"news_59544":{"type":"posts","id":"news_59544","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"59544","score":null,"sort":[1331912334000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"nuclear-regulatory-commission-calls-san-onofre-tube-failures-significant-issue","title":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission Calls San Onofre Tube Failures 'Significant Issue'","publishDate":1331912334,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>LOS ANGELES (AP) Four more tubes that carry radioactive water at a Southern California nuclear power plant failed pressure tests, bringing the number to seven and prompting new safety concerns, authorities disclosed.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sciencedude.ocregister.com/2012/03/16/troubled-san-onofre-reactor-tubes-fail-tests/169249/\">More reactor tubes fail; NRC team arrives Monday\u003c/a> (Orange County Register)\n\u003c/li>\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2012/mar/15/nuclear-inspectors-descend-san-onofre/\">Nuclear inspectors descend on San Onofre\u003c/a> (San Diego Union-Tribune)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The four tubes failed Thursday at the San Onofre coastal plant in northern San Diego County, Southern California Edison announced. Three had failed Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility shut down the plant's Unit 3 reactor and began testing samples from thousands of tubes in its steam generators on Jan. 31 after a leak was found. Traces of radiation escaped during the leak, but officials said there was no danger to workers or neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nuclear Regulatory Commission said Thursday it was sending a special team of inspectors to try to determine why the metal tubes, which were installed only a few years ago, have become frail enough to pose a risk of leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>``This is a significant issue,'' said NRC spokeswoman Lara Uselding. ``A tube rupture is really the concern.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a steam generator, hot, pressurized water flowing through bundles of tubes heats non-radioactive water surrounding them. The resulting steam is used to turn turbines to make electricity. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tubes are one of the primary barriers between the radioactive and non-radioactive sides of the plant, according to the NRC. If a tube breaks, there is the potential that radioactivity from the system that pumps water through the reactor could escape into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serious leaks also can drain cooling water from a reactor, said David Lochbaum, director of the nuclear safety project for Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003cbr>\nAn Edison statement said the utility welcomes the NRC Augmented Inspection Team, which is expected to begin work Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators already have been looking into excessive wear on tubes in Unit 3 and its twin, Unit 2, which has been off line for maintenance and refueling. In a $670 million overhaul, two huge steam generators, each containing 9,700 tubes, were replaced in Unit 2 in fall 2009 and a year later in Unit 3.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the agency that operates the state's wholesale power system, the California Independent System Operator, said the San Diego and Los Angeles areas could see rotating power outages this summer if both reactors remain off line. The agency is taking steps to prevent those shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>``It's all about balancing supply and demand,'' said ISO spokeswoman Stephanie McCorkle. ``You have to have a certain amount of plant (power) generation where the heavily populated areas of California are.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant is owned by Edison, San Diego Gas & Electric and the City of Riverside. Southern California Edison serves nearly 14 million residents with electricity in Central and Southern California. \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1331912912,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":469},"headData":{"title":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission Calls San Onofre Tube Failures 'Significant Issue' | KQED","description":"LOS ANGELES (AP) Four more tubes that carry radioactive water at a Southern California nuclear power plant failed pressure tests, bringing the number to seven and prompting new safety concerns, authorities disclosed. More reactor tubes fail; NRC team arrives Monday (Orange County Register) Nuclear inspectors descend on San Onofre (San Diego Union-Tribune) The four tubes","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"59544 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=59544","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/03/16/nuclear-regulatory-commission-calls-san-onofre-tube-failures-significant-issue/","disqusTitle":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission Calls San Onofre Tube Failures 'Significant Issue'","path":"/news/59544/nuclear-regulatory-commission-calls-san-onofre-tube-failures-significant-issue","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES (AP) Four more tubes that carry radioactive water at a Southern California nuclear power plant failed pressure tests, bringing the number to seven and prompting new safety concerns, authorities disclosed.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sciencedude.ocregister.com/2012/03/16/troubled-san-onofre-reactor-tubes-fail-tests/169249/\">More reactor tubes fail; NRC team arrives Monday\u003c/a> (Orange County Register)\n\u003c/li>\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2012/mar/15/nuclear-inspectors-descend-san-onofre/\">Nuclear inspectors descend on San Onofre\u003c/a> (San Diego Union-Tribune)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The four tubes failed Thursday at the San Onofre coastal plant in northern San Diego County, Southern California Edison announced. Three had failed Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility shut down the plant's Unit 3 reactor and began testing samples from thousands of tubes in its steam generators on Jan. 31 after a leak was found. Traces of radiation escaped during the leak, but officials said there was no danger to workers or neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nuclear Regulatory Commission said Thursday it was sending a special team of inspectors to try to determine why the metal tubes, which were installed only a few years ago, have become frail enough to pose a risk of leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>``This is a significant issue,'' said NRC spokeswoman Lara Uselding. ``A tube rupture is really the concern.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside a steam generator, hot, pressurized water flowing through bundles of tubes heats non-radioactive water surrounding them. The resulting steam is used to turn turbines to make electricity. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tubes are one of the primary barriers between the radioactive and non-radioactive sides of the plant, according to the NRC. If a tube breaks, there is the potential that radioactivity from the system that pumps water through the reactor could escape into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serious leaks also can drain cooling water from a reactor, said David Lochbaum, director of the nuclear safety project for Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003cbr>\nAn Edison statement said the utility welcomes the NRC Augmented Inspection Team, which is expected to begin work Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators already have been looking into excessive wear on tubes in Unit 3 and its twin, Unit 2, which has been off line for maintenance and refueling. In a $670 million overhaul, two huge steam generators, each containing 9,700 tubes, were replaced in Unit 2 in fall 2009 and a year later in Unit 3.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the agency that operates the state's wholesale power system, the California Independent System Operator, said the San Diego and Los Angeles areas could see rotating power outages this summer if both reactors remain off line. The agency is taking steps to prevent those shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>``It's all about balancing supply and demand,'' said ISO spokeswoman Stephanie McCorkle. ``You have to have a certain amount of plant (power) generation where the heavily populated areas of California are.''\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant is owned by Edison, San Diego Gas & Electric and the City of Riverside. Southern California Edison serves nearly 14 million residents with electricity in Central and Southern California. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/59544/nuclear-regulatory-commission-calls-san-onofre-tube-failures-significant-issue","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906"],"tags":["news_1029","news_1069","news_1067"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_20063":{"type":"posts","id":"news_20063","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"20063","score":null,"sort":[1300169437000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"japans-nukes-what-and-where-they-are","title":"Japan's Nukes: What and Where They Are","publishDate":1300169437,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/03/japan-nukes.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/03/japan-nukes-259x300.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Japan's Nuclear Power Plants \" width=\"259\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-20064\">\u003c/a>Japan, a country roughly the size of California (but with a population more than three times ours), runs 55 nuclear power reactors at 17 sites. Here's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.japannuclear.com/nuclearpower/program/location.html\" target=\"_blank\">list of plants \u003c/a>from the Japanese power industry. Note that the Fukushima Daiichi site that's the scene of the current nuclear crisis has six reactors on site, with two more scheduled to be built in the next few years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where are all those reactors? The International Nuclear Safety Center at the Argonne National Laboratory in suburban Chicago offers \u003ca href=\"http://www.insc.anl.gov/pwrmaps/map/japan.php\" target=\"_blank\">this map\u003c/a>, complete with data on each nuclear site. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's \u003ca href=\"http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf79.html\" target=\"_blank\">a breakdown\u003c/a> of Japan's nukes from another industry group, the World Nuclear Association. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a little critical perspective in view of current events. Wall Street Journal: \u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703363904576200533746195522.html\" target=\"_blank\">Crisis Revives Doubts on Regulation\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1300169813,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":133},"headData":{"title":"Japan's Nukes: What and Where They Are | KQED","description":"Japan, a country roughly the size of California (but with a population more than three times ours), runs 55 nuclear power reactors at 17 sites. Here's a list of plants from the Japanese power industry. Note that the Fukushima Daiichi site that's the scene of the current nuclear crisis has six reactors on site, with","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"20063 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=20063","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/03/14/japans-nukes-what-and-where-they-are/","disqusTitle":"Japan's Nukes: What and Where They Are","path":"/news/20063/japans-nukes-what-and-where-they-are","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/03/japan-nukes.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/03/japan-nukes-259x300.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Japan's Nuclear Power Plants \" width=\"259\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-20064\">\u003c/a>Japan, a country roughly the size of California (but with a population more than three times ours), runs 55 nuclear power reactors at 17 sites. Here's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.japannuclear.com/nuclearpower/program/location.html\" target=\"_blank\">list of plants \u003c/a>from the Japanese power industry. Note that the Fukushima Daiichi site that's the scene of the current nuclear crisis has six reactors on site, with two more scheduled to be built in the next few years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where are all those reactors? The International Nuclear Safety Center at the Argonne National Laboratory in suburban Chicago offers \u003ca href=\"http://www.insc.anl.gov/pwrmaps/map/japan.php\" target=\"_blank\">this map\u003c/a>, complete with data on each nuclear site. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's \u003ca href=\"http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf79.html\" target=\"_blank\">a breakdown\u003c/a> of Japan's nukes from another industry group, the World Nuclear Association. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a little critical perspective in view of current events. Wall Street Journal: \u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703363904576200533746195522.html\" target=\"_blank\">Crisis Revives Doubts on Regulation\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/20063/japans-nukes-what-and-where-they-are","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_1028","news_740","news_1011","news_881","news_1029"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_19806":{"type":"posts","id":"news_19806","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"19806","score":null,"sort":[1299924143000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"japan-quake-tsunami-aftermath-fears-about-nuclear-plants","title":"Japan Quake-Tsunami Aftermath: Fears About Nuclear Plants","publishDate":1299924143,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In Japan, attention is focusing in two places: First, search and rescue operations and the massive recovery ahead in the large sections of the northeastern coast devastated by Friday's earthquake and tsunamis. The other increasingly critical concern: the condition of damaged nuclear power plants in Fukushima Prefecture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday afternoon, an explosion was seen at the No. 1 Reactor of Fukushima No. 1 power plant. The links:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Daily Yomiuri Online: \u003ca href=\"http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20110312dy01.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Reactor Meltdown Feared\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>New York Times: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/13/world/asia/13nuclear.html?hp\" target=\"_blank\">Explosion Heard at Damaged Japan Nuclear Plant\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>NPR: \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/03/12/134486565/at-crippled-japanese-nuclear-plant-last-ditch-effort-to-prevent-meltdown\">'Last-Ditch Effort' To Prevent Meltdown\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles Times: \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fgw-japan-quake-20110313,0,2572097.story\" target=\"_blank\">Japan's fears mount with nuclear plant blast\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Yomiuri includes this ominous description of the incident:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>An explosion was heard from the No. 1 plant at about 3:36 p.m. [10:36 p.m. Friday night PST] and white smoke was witnessed about 10 minutes later, Tokyo Electric Power Co officials said, adding that four workers were injured. However, the cause of the blast remained unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV footage showed that the No. 1 reactor appeared to have been destroyed, with its outer walls seemingly collapsed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Click the image below for video from Nippon TV's News 24 service, which shows the blast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/articles/2011/03/12/06178055.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://www.news24.jp/pictures/2011/03/12/20110312_0110_188x106.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"188\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/articles/2011/03/12/06178055.html\">福島第１原発で爆発と白煙 ４人ケガ\u003c/a>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/\" target=\"_blank\">日テレNEWS24\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1299963418,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":219},"headData":{"title":"Japan Quake-Tsunami Aftermath: Fears About Nuclear Plants | KQED","description":"In Japan, attention is focusing in two places: First, search and rescue operations and the massive recovery ahead in the large sections of the northeastern coast devastated by Friday's earthquake and tsunamis. The other increasingly critical concern: the condition of damaged nuclear power plants in Fukushima Prefecture. Saturday afternoon, an explosion was seen at the","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"19806 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=19806","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/03/12/japan-quake-tsunami-aftermath-fears-about-nuclear-plants/","disqusTitle":"Japan Quake-Tsunami Aftermath: Fears About Nuclear Plants","path":"/news/19806/japan-quake-tsunami-aftermath-fears-about-nuclear-plants","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In Japan, attention is focusing in two places: First, search and rescue operations and the massive recovery ahead in the large sections of the northeastern coast devastated by Friday's earthquake and tsunamis. The other increasingly critical concern: the condition of damaged nuclear power plants in Fukushima Prefecture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday afternoon, an explosion was seen at the No. 1 Reactor of Fukushima No. 1 power plant. The links:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Daily Yomiuri Online: \u003ca href=\"http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20110312dy01.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Reactor Meltdown Feared\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>New York Times: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/13/world/asia/13nuclear.html?hp\" target=\"_blank\">Explosion Heard at Damaged Japan Nuclear Plant\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>NPR: \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/03/12/134486565/at-crippled-japanese-nuclear-plant-last-ditch-effort-to-prevent-meltdown\">'Last-Ditch Effort' To Prevent Meltdown\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles Times: \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fgw-japan-quake-20110313,0,2572097.story\" target=\"_blank\">Japan's fears mount with nuclear plant blast\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Yomiuri includes this ominous description of the incident:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>An explosion was heard from the No. 1 plant at about 3:36 p.m. [10:36 p.m. Friday night PST] and white smoke was witnessed about 10 minutes later, Tokyo Electric Power Co officials said, adding that four workers were injured. However, the cause of the blast remained unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TV footage showed that the No. 1 reactor appeared to have been destroyed, with its outer walls seemingly collapsed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Click the image below for video from Nippon TV's News 24 service, which shows the blast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/articles/2011/03/12/06178055.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://www.news24.jp/pictures/2011/03/12/20110312_0110_188x106.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"188\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/articles/2011/03/12/06178055.html\">福島第１原発で爆発と白煙 ４人ケガ\u003c/a>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.news24.jp/\" target=\"_blank\">日テレNEWS24\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/19806/japan-quake-tsunami-aftermath-fears-about-nuclear-plants","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"tags":["news_18538","news_1012","news_1028","news_1011","news_881","news_1029","news_1030","news_1013"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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