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She took off her tennies, put on heels and a tiara, and danced with her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a cake, bottles of champagne and chambelanes, boys who dressed up in suits to escort her into the secret party at a friend’s house. No one was there from Luna’s family, because they couldn’t fathom her as a transgender girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]'The teacher would always ask my mom, ‘Listen, can’t you change your son? Can you take him to a psychologist? A psychiatrist? It’s making my school look bad.'[/pullquote]Moments from that birthday party still linger in Luna’s memory as a time when she truly felt delight and freedom. It was something to be savored again and again as the next decade began to unfold, even as she put back on her soccer jerseys and tried to look like the boy she knew she wasn’t inside. Even as she dealt with brutal violence and decided to take a tremendous risk and leave everything behind in Guatemala to try to find a life in California. The memories were one place in the world where she could imagine being safe, being herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We first met Luna two years ago at a migrant shelter in Tijuana and have stayed in touch with her as she's journeyed across the border, spent months in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention, and sought shelter in Mexico. We’ve spent weeks frantically trying to reach her in an intensive care unit, after she left a voice message that she had been diagnosed with a severe case of COVID-19. “Thank you for telling my story,” she rasped through labored breaths, her voice barely recognizable. “If I die, I hope that one day people will remember something about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-aYksXNNUA\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘Can’t You Change Your Son?’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna grew up on the outskirts of a small city in Central Guatemala, in a house cobbled together from sticks and newspaper. Her mom sold french fries from a cart, and Luna helped care for her three siblings, including a brother with developmental disabilities. Her dad wasn’t part of her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was a voracious reader, spending hours in the town library. At school she would play dress up with the other girls. Luna would transform into a butterfly, her wings made from pieces of cardboard she scavenged on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The teacher would always ask my mom, ‘Listen, can’t you change your son? Can you take him to a psychologist? A psychiatrist? It’s making my school look bad,’ ” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said her mom defended her at first. When she came out as gay at age 14, her mom gave a toast with some agua de jamaica. But as Luna got older, she said her mom disapproved of the dresses and the heels. Her son, dressing like a woman? For her, that went against nature. So Luna put back on the soccer jerseys and shorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hurtful things she said to me, I understand them better now,” said Luna. “She just wanted to protect me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11849344\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán has spent most of her life fighting to be accepted as a transgender woman. She said she has often experienced brutal violence when she expresses her true gender identity as a woman.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán has spent most of her life fighting to be accepted as a transgender woman. She said she has often experienced brutal violence when she expresses her true gender identity as a woman. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>October 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Luna was 13, just on the cusp of adolescence, she said she was raped by an older man who was a neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would ask, why me? Tell me — if anyone is up there — explain it to me,” she sighed. “I still haven’t gotten an answer to this day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Luna said she was trafficked into prostitution. Some powerful men in her town forced her into a trafficking ring. The clients? Older men who would pay hundreds of U.S. dollars to sleep with young boys and transgender girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guatemala-humantrafficking/guatemala-closes-its-eyes-to-rampant-child-sex-trafficking-u-n-idUSKCN0YU29V\">Sex trafficking is rampant in Guatemala\u003c/a>, and the United Nations has denounced the shocking number of children forced into trafficking rings because of poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was no one to help. The traffickers, Luna said, had connections with the police and top public officials in town. “If anyone tried to denounce them or file a complaint, they’d throw it in the trash,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the kids trafficked in the ring, she said, were infected with sexually transmitted diseases. When she was 16, Luna said she found out she was HIV-positive. Harassment from people in town, who had already thrown rocks at her and told her to stay away from their children, intensified. Once, she remembered, some people beat her up so badly they broke her collarbone, telling her they wanted her to behave like a \"real man.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My town is so small, there was no information about sexual orientation or HIV,” Luna said. “No information about anything. It’s so close-minded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she turned 19, she said, she was still occasionally forced into sex work. But as she reached adulthood, she started to take some small steps to wrest back control of her life. She signed up for a training course to become a volunteer firefighter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11849342\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán worked as a firefighter in her hometown. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna graduated from the firefighting program. She felt powerful rescuing people from car accidents and hosing down burning buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, she said, the other firefighters found out she was HIV-positive, and began taunting her with homophobic slurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She dreamed about a way out and set her sights on California. She’d seen videos of San Francisco’s massive pride parade. She knew in California she couldn’t be fired or evicted for being transgender, would have the right to get an ID in the name she wants to use, and use the restroom that matches her gender identity. She also hoped it was a place where she could earn enough money to pay for her transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2017 \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna left her family, the fire department, the neighbors, the pimps. She was 22 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She leaped onto that famous train migrants call \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/06/05/318905712/riding-the-beast-across-mexico-to-the-u-s-border\">La Bestia\u003c/a>, or “the beast,” which travels north from Mexico’s southern border. She didn’t wear dresses on the journey. As she’s done for most of her life, she kept her hair short and wore men’s T-shirts and shorts, for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11849343\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She traveled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes. \" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She traveled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Crossing the Border But Not Finding Safety \u003c/strong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>August 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Luna reached the U.S.-Mexico border crossing at Otay Mesa near San Diego, she told an officer she was running away from homophobic violence in Guatemala and was requesting asylum. But her hopes that she would feel protected as soon as she crossed into the U.S. vanished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They took me into some offices. About 30 minutes later, they arrested me. Put chains on my hands, my feet, my waist,” she recalled. “They treat you like a criminal, just for asking for help. It feels horrible, like you’re nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border officials don’t decide on asylum requests — that happens later — but they are responsible for the transfer of detainees to ICE custody, where they'll eventually speak with an asylum officer. However, border officials didn’t check the box on Luna's intake form indicating that she identified as LGBT, nor the box indicating that she could be at increased risk of sexual abuse in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846822\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated Aug. 9, 2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ. \" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Customs and Border Protection 'Detainee Assessment' form dated Aug. 9, 2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s where things started to go wrong for her. ICE eventually assigned Luna a bed in a crowded men’s unit at the Otay Mesa Detention Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten days after she arrived at the border asking for help, an asylum officer with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services conducted a \"credible fear\" interview. That’s when Luna told her she also dressed as a woman at times. The officer found her story credible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, a transgender Latina organization based near Los Angeles called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/LasCrisantemas/?ref=page_internal\">Las Crisantemas\u003c/a> sent a letter of support to the immigration court identifying Luna as a trans woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Luna was never moved to a special detention unit for transgender women, despite the fact that in 2015 ICE had agreed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/ice-issues-new-guidance-care-transgender-individuals-custody\">improve standards for transgender detainees\u003c/a>, including access to separate detention units away from the general population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]'They treat you like a criminal, just for asking for help. It feels horrible, like you’re nothing.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did not put her into the protective custody that is required by their own standards,” said Allegra Love, an attorney with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.santafedreamersproject.org/transdetention\">Santa Fe Dreamers Project\u003c/a>, which has represented hundreds of transgender women in detention over the last few years. She was never Luna’s lawyer, but we asked her to review Luna’s case after KQED sued ICE to obtain her immigration records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone expresses to them, ‘Hey, look, I am trans, I have gender dysphoria. I am not the gender you think I am,’ then the government has this responsibility acknowledged by their own hand to take that seriously and protect people from heightened danger,” said Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Luna would spend months in the men’s unit before her asylum case could be fully heard — months when she said she was repeatedly harassed and belittled by the other detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846829\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Layers of security fencing at Otay Mesa immigration Detention Facility just east of San Diego, where Luna Guzmán was held for eight months while waiting to present her asylum claim.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layers of security fencing at Otay Mesa Detention Center just east of San Diego, where Luna Guzmán was held for eight months while waiting to present her asylum claim. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Backlogged Immigration Court, Long Months in Detention\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna appeared before immigration Judge Olga Attia, appointed to the immigration court in 2017 by former Attorney General Jeff Sessions. Luna was assigned an interpreter, but no lawyer. If she had wanted one, she would have had to find and pay for one herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the audio recordings of her hearings at the immigration court, Luna told the judge she was worried about being detained for so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t always get the medicine I need for my chronic condition [HIV],” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, I don’t have jurisdiction over such matters,” Attia told her. “You need to bring this to the attention of the detention officers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna was in detention for five months before she was able to officially present her asylum application to Judge Attia. Then the judge informed her there were no available appointments to hear the merits of her case for another five months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>February 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After six months in detention, Luna was eligible to get out on bond. ICE attorneys didn’t object as she had no criminal history. The judge set the bond at $4,500, but like many asylum seekers, she had no way to pay that kind of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pleaded with the judge. “It’s hurting me, psychologically,” she said. “I’ve never been locked up, your honor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to tolerate being in detention in a men’s unit any longer, Luna did something she never expected to do. She gave up on her asylum case and asked to be deported right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been eight months since I was detained at the detention center, your honor,” she said through an interpreter. “I feel alone. I don’t have the words to explain to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as Attia accepted the withdrawal of Luna’s asylum application, it wasn’t clear that the judge understood that Luna was transgender. Even after the interpreter explained that Luna was referring to herself in the feminine pronoun, Attia kept calling Luna “sir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can only imagine the loss of hope that someone experiences when they're fleeing a country where the reason their life is in danger is because their institutions refuse to acknowledge who they are,” said Love, the attorney who has represented dozens of transgender detainees from Central America. “Then to arrive with a hopeful feeling in a place where they think they are going to have a different treatment, and then to have law enforcement officers and judges — officers of the court — immediately reject them as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if Luna had decided to stay in detention and pursue her asylum claim, the odds were against her, especially without a lawyer. During the last year of the Obama administration, 55% of all asylum applications were denied. Under the Trump administration, those numbers jumped to a record high of 72% in 2020, according to data from \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/whatsnew/email.201028.html\">Syracuse University's TRAC project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For asylum seekers from Guatemala, the rate is even higher: 85.8% of those applications are denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the plane ICE chartered to transport Luna and other detainees back to Guatemala, she recalled, she had a panic attack, shaking so badly she could barely walk onto the tarmac when she landed in Guatemala City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she went to stay with her sister, who had married an evangelical Christian. After a few days, however, she said her sister gave her some money and asked her to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a home with me as a sister,” Luna remembered her saying. “Only as a brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna had left Guatemala and had gradually made her way back to the U.S.-Mexico border, hoping to find her way to California again. We met Luna while she was staying at \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CasadelMigranteTijuana/\">Casa del Migrante\u003c/a>, a migrant shelter in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]'I am a transgender woman. I’m not going to live dressed as a boy my whole life. One day soon I want everyone who knows me to say, \"Luna made it. She fought for her dreams and they came true.\"'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was trying to make it as a dishwasher in a restaurant where the owner kept making homophobic comments. She was also scrambling to find a clinic to get her HIV medication without a Mexican ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soles of her tennis shoes were wearing thin, and she was wearing a soccer jersey, her hair buzzed short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am a transgender woman. I’m not going to live dressed as a boy my whole life,” Luna told us. “One day soon I want everyone who knows me to say, ‘Luna made it. She fought for her dreams and they came true.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán stands in front of a mural in Tijuana. As a child, she often dressed up as a butterfly. In detention, she said she felt like a “butterfly with its wings cut off.”\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán stands in front of a mural in Tijuana. As a child, she often dressed up as a butterfly. In detention, she said she felt like a “butterfly with its wings cut off.” \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month later, Luna messaged via WhatsApp to say she knew her dream of coming to California was probably over, because she had given up her asylum case the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, a few weeks later, she sent a video of herself standing someplace windy, with the border wall far behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look!” she exclaimed. “I crossed! I’ll see you in San Francisco, by the Golden Gate bridge, for a coffee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the WhatsApp feed went quiet for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>February 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, we got a collect call from Otay Mesa Detention Center. Over the scratchy phone line, Luna said she was in the same cell and the same bed where she had stayed the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like a butterfly who’s had her wings cut off,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘I’ve Been a Prisoner in My Own Body, Now I’m a Prisoner Here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 12, 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Luna had been detained for about six weeks, ICE granted us permission to interview her in person at Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We followed a guard to a waiting room with other families. A sign above one guard’s gray metal desk proclaimed “Hope is the anchor for the soul. Be grateful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they called our names, we walked down past a heavy door, to where Luna sat in a tiny room. She wore blue crocs, brown socks and a blue uniform with “detainee” emblazoned on the back in white letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846827\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The California Report’s Sasha Khokha interviews Luna Guzmán inside Otay Mesa Detention Center in March 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Report’s Sasha Khokha interviews Luna Guzmán inside Otay Mesa Detention Center in March 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She looked gaunt and exhausted, but her eyes were still bright. Her hair was shorn super-short. She had to cut it all off after a bully hacked off a chunk of it with a razor, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me he couldn’t stand homosexuals and whipped out the razor,” she said. “He told me if I complained to the guards, it would be worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said that happened at the Metropolitan Correctional Facility, a federal jail in San Diego, where she had been held for about a week after Border Patrol agents picked her up. She was charged there with the federal crime of illegally reentering the U.S., after President Trump ramped up prosecutions under a \"zero tolerance\" policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the sexual harassment at the ICE detention facility, she said, was even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people here, they touch your butt, your breasts, they look at you when you’re taking a shower,” she said. “They flash us. I don’t want to be here anymore. I know if I complain they won’t listen to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna told us she couldn’t afford to buy shampoo or snacks from the detention center commissary. She said other inmates offered to buy them for her, in exchange for sexual favors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to do something I don’t want to do for a cup of soup that costs 60 cents,” she said. “I’m not going to have sex with anyone here. There’s discrimination on the outside. But here, it’s a different world. It’s worse. ... You have nowhere to go to get away from it. You’re trapped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/lgbtq-rights/news/2018/05/30/451294/ices-rejection-rules-placing-lgbt-immigrants-severe-risk-sexual-abuse/\">2018 study \u003c/a>found that LGBT immigrants are nearly 100 times more likely to be sexually harassed or assaulted in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been a prisoner in my own body, I’m now a prisoner here,” Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told us she didn’t want to cry in front of us. She wanted to be the strong person who had impressed us with her courage and tenacity when we met her in Tijuana four months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after our interview, we peeked back through a window of the tiny room. Her head was on the table, and she was sobbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846828\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán puts her head down and cries after her interview with reporters Sasha Khokha and Erin Siegal McIntyre. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán puts her head down and cries after her interview with reporters Sasha Khokha and Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luna’s second stint in detention only lasted a couple months. ICE moved to deport her as soon as possible: She had re-entered the U.S. by climbing the border fence and violated the five-year bar on re-entry imposed on her when she was deported the first time. Now, she was barred from returning to the U.S. for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was her second time in detention, and she still had no lawyer. No one to tell her about an alternative to asylum — something called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.justia.com/lgbtq/immigration/transgender-rights/\">withholding of removal,\u003c/a>” which has allowed some transgender women from Central America to stay in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If she had partnered with a skilled asylum lawyer, we would be having a really different conversation right now about her,” said Love. “We might be talking about her now in 2020, enrolling in community college or, you know, getting her first apartment or, in fact, getting her legal permanent residence in the United States and having a green card. But instead, she was not provided with the due process that she was owed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘It’s Not Safe For You To Stay in Guatemala’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 27, 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna was deported a second time to Guatemala City. KQED hired a film crew to meet her when she got off the plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She counted out four U.S. dollar bills from a plastic bag marked “personal property” — money she said she earned working in the laundry at the detention center. She brushed her hand over her face, as if to make it all go away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she headed to \u003ca href=\"https://asociacionlambda.com/\">Asociación Lambda\u003c/a>, an LGBT organization in Guatemala City that helps deportees, but after hearing her story, an intake worker told Luna it was unsafe for her to stay in Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your profile is very high risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He didn’t need to remind her about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-02-13/ice-deported-trans-asylum-seeker-she-was-killed-el-salvador\">trans women who’ve been murdered\u003c/a> recently after being deported back to Central America. He also said he worried the traffickers from her hometown might have connections in Guatemala City and could track her down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He arranged for a safe house in a secret location, but Luna decided to leave after just one night there. She refused to feel locked up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By now we’d been reporting on Luna’s story for five months. Some transgender California Report listeners in Modesto who heard one of the stories even reached out to her and sent her $80, money that helped her get out of Guatemala again and start another journey back to the border. They also put together a drag performance that they dedicated to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April-July 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few more months, Luna found her way out of Guatemala and back to Mexico. She applied for a humanitarian visa to stay temporarily and found a job making tortillas in a restaurant in Tapachula. She met some new friends, other transgender migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, emboldened by her new friends, she decided to dress as a woman again, for dinner with them at a local cafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she called at 6 a.m. the next morning, crying. She said she had been raped by five armed men, who abducted her while she was waiting alone for a taxi after dinner. She said they beat her, kicking her in the kidneys, where she was recovering from a recent infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why is that every time I show the person I really am, does it go so wrong?” she sobbed. “Why is life so hard?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was too afraid to file a complaint with the Mexican police, that they would probably do nothing but laugh at her and say homophobic things. She sent me a Facebook post about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.diariodelsur.com.mx/local/gobierno-de-chiapas-complice-en-crimenes-de-odio-y-violencia-activistas-3949418.html\">death of a gay activist, Juan Ruiz Nicolas\u003c/a>, who was assassinated in Tapachula, the town where she was staying near the Guatemala border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Allegra Love, attorney with Santa Fe Dreamers Project\"]'If [Luna] had partnered with a skilled asylum lawyer, we would be having a really different conversation right now about her. We might be talking about her now in 2020, enrolling in community college ... getting her first apartment or, in fact, getting her legal permanent residence in the United States.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she didn’t report the rape to anyone, it’s hard to confirm that Luna was assaulted. This is part of the paradox for asylum seekers. They’re expected to document and prove the horrible things that have happened to them, but all too often, the act of reporting these abuses could put them in more danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, as journalists, we’ve done our best to vet her story. KQED even sued the Department of Homeland Security to obtain Luna’s records. But when it comes to what happened to Luna in Guatemala or Mexico, there’s no way to prove the trafficking and the violence. She’s been in transit so long, living on the street and in shelters, that she has little documentation of her life. Still, Luna’s story is consistent with what advocates and investigations into the treatment of transgender and \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollcall.com/2020/09/24/house-report-medical-neglect-falsified-records-harmed-detained-immigrants/\">HIV-positive immigration detainees\u003c/a> have found. Much of it is also echoed in her asylum application and in her health records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna eventually received a temporary humanitarian visa and Mexican identification card, good for one year. The Mexican government sent her back to Tijuana, to a safe house for LGBT refugees called \u003ca href=\"https://casaarcoiris.org/en/\">Casa Arcoiris\u003c/a>, or rainbow house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán walks through Tijuana with friends from Casa Arco Iris, a shelter for LGBTQ refugees from around the world waiting in Mexico to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán walks through Tijuana with friends from Casa Arcoiris, a shelter for LGBTQ refugees from around the world waiting in Mexico to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>October 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, we decided to visit her again in Tijuana to see how she was doing. But we couldn’t meet her at the safe house where she was staying, because they wanted to keep the location secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, we met up with Luna and some of her new shelter-mates at a huge supermarket where they were shopping for dried beans, carrots and cabbage. They each took turns cooking a meal from their home country for the other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One nonbinary friend from Honduras, who didn’t want to give their name for safety, said Luna is beloved in the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody loves her. She’s shared her history, so much we have in common,” they said. “We’ve become like family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That community, that stability, had changed things for Luna. She was wearing dresses and lipstick more often, laughing more with her new friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846825\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"In Tijuana, Luna Guzmán has been able to express and explore her gender identity more openly.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Tijuana, Luna Guzmán has been able to express and explore her gender identity more openly. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But she got serious again when she took us to see the section of border fence where she crossed the last time she came to California. She pointed to squirrels and dragonflies flitting between the slats of the fence, between countries, without even knowing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s only we humans that don’t have that freedom,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked what she thought about as she gazed through the bars of the fence to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This wall kills your dreams. It takes away everything,” she said. “I told myself that when I climbed over this wall. I would leave my past behind. I would be reborn. That’s California, but I can’t get there. One day I will. It might be 2050, or 2100, but I will get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846830\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán stands at the border fence in Tijuana, at the section she had climbed across in January 2019 during her second attempt to immigrate to California. She had been deported the year before after giving up her asylum claim, unable to withstand long months of detention and sexual harassment at the detention center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán stands at the border fence in Tijuana, at the section she had climbed across in January 2019 during her second attempt to immigrate to California. She had been deported the year before after giving up her asylum claim, unable to withstand long months of detention and sexual harassment at the detention center. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'Thank You for Telling My Story'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the COVID-19 outbreak arrived in Mexico, Luna left us a voicemail that she planned to shelter in place with a friend outside of Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We talked about her relief that she was far away from the Otay Mesa Detention Center, which turned out to have one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11816707/man-dies-of-covid-19-in-san-diego-ice-detention-center-lawyers-say\">biggest outbreaks of COVID-19\u003c/a>. That, ironically, being deported may have saved her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, if she had still been in detention, she might have been released to a sponsor in the U.S. — as some other transgender detainees have been — to avoid the risk of getting coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a month later, in April, Luna left a voice memo. Her breathing was so heavy and ragged it was hard to understand. She said she was in the ICU at the public hospital in Tijuana, sick with COVID-19. They were about to put her on a respirator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank you for everything,” she rasped. “For wanting to tell my story. Hopefully people will remember a little bit about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, as has happened so many times over the last two years, the WhatsApp feed with Luna went quiet for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, after several weeks in the hospital, Luna left another message from her hospital bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had taken her off the ventilator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh God, I thought I was gonna die,” she breathed. “But nope, Luna, she’s still here, resisting everything. I’ve got a lot more life in me. A lot I still want to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna left us a voice message, saying the Mexican government just extended her humanitarian visa for another year. Still, it's been difficult for her to work and pay her rent in Tijuana. She has lingering symptoms from COVID-19, including fatigue, difficulty breathing and sore vocal cords. Her immune system is also struggling to fight HIV. She's worried her body isn't strong enough to fight off another virus, so is staying at home as much as possible to avoid getting reinfected with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna also said she and other migrants are celebrating Joe Biden's win and hoping that he will make good on his campaign pledge to \"end President Trump's detrimental asylum policies,\" which included making it harder for LGBTQ migrants to seek protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said she's ready to try for asylum in the U.S. again if things change with the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're warriors, and we've gotten through a lot of tough situations,\" Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna is still dealing with the after-effects of COVID-19. She gets out of breath easily and has to use an inhaler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of donations from listeners, she’s been able to find stable housing in Tijuana, where she’s working part time as a dishwasher. On April 8, Luna proudly graduated from a 12-week course in gardening, nutrition and cooking for migrants on the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Lareinaluna31/status/1380357337186140162?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s sitting tight, waiting for a chance to work with an immigration lawyer to try to reopen her case. She said as more asylum seekers waiting at the border are getting a chance to present their claims, she’s hopeful the transgender migrants among them will find conditions in detention improved under the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>May 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna calls and leaves a voice message, nearly shrieking with excitement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am in the US! I am in San Diego. I was able to cross yesterday!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, she had the help of an attorney, from the Oakland-based Transgender Law Center, who helped her with an application for humanitarian parole. And it was approved, allowing her to come into the United States while she waits for another chance to go in front of an immigration judge and ask for protection. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11876583 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Luna-Times-Square-1-1020x876.jpg']The Queer Detainee Empowerment Project in New York City agreed to sponsor Luna. They are helping her with housing, medical care and finding a lawyer to represent her in immigration court. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sent her a plane ticket for travel from San Diego to JFK – and she boarded a flight May 17 after quarantining at a hotel in San Diego and taking a COVID test. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she arrived in New York, a volunteer took her to a shelter that houses transgender women in Jamaica, Queens. She’ll eventually be able to get her own apartment, through a program in New York City that guarantees housing for people living with HIV. With her humanitarian parole status, Luna is eligible for Medicaid in New York, which can help her get HIV meds, hormones or eventually, gender-affirming surgery. QDEP can help her with English-language classes and mental health services, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll still have to present her case in front of an immigration judge in New York. But this time, she’ll have a lawyer to represent her. With the pandemic, the backlog of immigration cases could take many months – even years to resolve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Luna is waiting, she can start to live the life she’s dreamed about. She’s been sending us videos of her dancing to street musicians in Times Square, and wearing her new pink high tops to take the subway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m living my dream, right?” Luna said in a recent voice message. “I may not be in California, but I am in New York. I know the universe will bring good things, and I’m going to be OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on Dec. 4, 2020 and last updated on June 4, 2021.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This project was supported by a grant from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women’s Media Foundation\u003c/a>. Their Reporting Grants for Women’s Stories Program is funded by the Secular Society. Luna Guzmán's voice in English in the audio documentary was performed by pioneering transgender actress \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"We spent two years following Luna Guzmán’s harrowing journey as she fights for her dream of coming to California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1622850654,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":155,"wordCount":5944},"headData":{"title":"‘A Butterfly With My Wings Cut Off’: A Transgender Asylum Seeker’s Quest to Come to California | KQED","description":"We spent two years following Luna Guzmán’s harrowing journey as she fights for her dream of coming to California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘A Butterfly With My Wings Cut Off’: A Transgender Asylum Seeker’s Quest to Come to California","datePublished":"2021-04-09T23:30:40.000Z","dateModified":"2021-06-04T23:50:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11844742 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11844742","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/04/09/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california/","disqusTitle":"‘A Butterfly With My Wings Cut Off’: A Transgender Asylum Seeker’s Quest to Come to California","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9472731956.mp3","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/sasha-khokha\">Sasha Khokha\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://erin-mcintyre.com/\">Erin Siegal McIntyre\u003c/a>","path":"/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california","audioDuration":2518000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11852044/una-mariposa-con-las-alas-rotas-la-busqueda-de-una-solicitante-de-asilo-transgenera-para-llegar-a-california\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Since \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a> first aired this documentary in December 2020, dozens of listeners reached out to help Luna Guzmán with messages of encouragement and support. In May, 2021, Luna was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11876583/living-my-dream-after-years-transgender-asylum-seeker-finally-makes-it-to-the-us\">finally able to make it to the US\u003c/a>, where she is now waiting for another chance to go before an immigration judge and ask for protection.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">W\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hen she turned 15, like so many girls in her town in Guatemala, Luna Guzmán celebrated with a quinceañera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My friend lent me the dress because she saw the way I used to cry every time we passed the dress shop on the way to school, with all those beautiful dresses,” she said in Spanish. “I would just press my hand up against the glass and stare at them for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dress she borrowed was turquoise, with a long skirt. She took off her tennies, put on heels and a tiara, and danced with her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a cake, bottles of champagne and chambelanes, boys who dressed up in suits to escort her into the secret party at a friend’s house. No one was there from Luna’s family, because they couldn’t fathom her as a transgender girl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'The teacher would always ask my mom, ‘Listen, can’t you change your son? Can you take him to a psychologist? A psychiatrist? It’s making my school look bad.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Moments from that birthday party still linger in Luna’s memory as a time when she truly felt delight and freedom. It was something to be savored again and again as the next decade began to unfold, even as she put back on her soccer jerseys and tried to look like the boy she knew she wasn’t inside. Even as she dealt with brutal violence and decided to take a tremendous risk and leave everything behind in Guatemala to try to find a life in California. The memories were one place in the world where she could imagine being safe, being herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We first met Luna two years ago at a migrant shelter in Tijuana and have stayed in touch with her as she's journeyed across the border, spent months in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention, and sought shelter in Mexico. We’ve spent weeks frantically trying to reach her in an intensive care unit, after she left a voice message that she had been diagnosed with a severe case of COVID-19. “Thank you for telling my story,” she rasped through labored breaths, her voice barely recognizable. “If I die, I hope that one day people will remember something about me.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘Can’t You Change Your Son?’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna grew up on the outskirts of a small city in Central Guatemala, in a house cobbled together from sticks and newspaper. Her mom sold french fries from a cart, and Luna helped care for her three siblings, including a brother with developmental disabilities. Her dad wasn’t part of her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was a voracious reader, spending hours in the town library. At school she would play dress up with the other girls. Luna would transform into a butterfly, her wings made from pieces of cardboard she scavenged on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The teacher would always ask my mom, ‘Listen, can’t you change your son? Can you take him to a psychologist? A psychiatrist? It’s making my school look bad,’ ” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said her mom defended her at first. When she came out as gay at age 14, her mom gave a toast with some agua de jamaica. But as Luna got older, she said her mom disapproved of the dresses and the heels. Her son, dressing like a woman? For her, that went against nature. So Luna put back on the soccer jerseys and shorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hurtful things she said to me, I understand them better now,” said Luna. “She just wanted to protect me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11849344\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán has spent most of her life fighting to be accepted as a transgender woman. She said she has often experienced brutal violence when she expresses her true gender identity as a woman.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán has spent most of her life fighting to be accepted as a transgender woman. She said she has often experienced brutal violence when she expresses her true gender identity as a woman. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>October 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Luna was 13, just on the cusp of adolescence, she said she was raped by an older man who was a neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would ask, why me? Tell me — if anyone is up there — explain it to me,” she sighed. “I still haven’t gotten an answer to this day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Luna said she was trafficked into prostitution. Some powerful men in her town forced her into a trafficking ring. The clients? Older men who would pay hundreds of U.S. dollars to sleep with young boys and transgender girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guatemala-humantrafficking/guatemala-closes-its-eyes-to-rampant-child-sex-trafficking-u-n-idUSKCN0YU29V\">Sex trafficking is rampant in Guatemala\u003c/a>, and the United Nations has denounced the shocking number of children forced into trafficking rings because of poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was no one to help. The traffickers, Luna said, had connections with the police and top public officials in town. “If anyone tried to denounce them or file a complaint, they’d throw it in the trash,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the kids trafficked in the ring, she said, were infected with sexually transmitted diseases. When she was 16, Luna said she found out she was HIV-positive. Harassment from people in town, who had already thrown rocks at her and told her to stay away from their children, intensified. Once, she remembered, some people beat her up so badly they broke her collarbone, telling her they wanted her to behave like a \"real man.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My town is so small, there was no information about sexual orientation or HIV,” Luna said. “No information about anything. It’s so close-minded.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she turned 19, she said, she was still occasionally forced into sex work. But as she reached adulthood, she started to take some small steps to wrest back control of her life. She signed up for a training course to become a volunteer firefighter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11849342\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán worked as a firefighter in her hometown. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna graduated from the firefighting program. She felt powerful rescuing people from car accidents and hosing down burning buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, she said, the other firefighters found out she was HIV-positive, and began taunting her with homophobic slurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She dreamed about a way out and set her sights on California. She’d seen videos of San Francisco’s massive pride parade. She knew in California she couldn’t be fired or evicted for being transgender, would have the right to get an ID in the name she wants to use, and use the restroom that matches her gender identity. She also hoped it was a place where she could earn enough money to pay for her transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2017 \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna left her family, the fire department, the neighbors, the pimps. She was 22 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She leaped onto that famous train migrants call \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/06/05/318905712/riding-the-beast-across-mexico-to-the-u-s-border\">La Bestia\u003c/a>, or “the beast,” which travels north from Mexico’s southern border. She didn’t wear dresses on the journey. As she’s done for most of her life, she kept her hair short and wore men’s T-shirts and shorts, for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11849343\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She traveled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes. \" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She traveled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003cstrong>Crossing the Border But Not Finding Safety \u003c/strong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>August 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Luna reached the U.S.-Mexico border crossing at Otay Mesa near San Diego, she told an officer she was running away from homophobic violence in Guatemala and was requesting asylum. But her hopes that she would feel protected as soon as she crossed into the U.S. vanished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They took me into some offices. About 30 minutes later, they arrested me. Put chains on my hands, my feet, my waist,” she recalled. “They treat you like a criminal, just for asking for help. It feels horrible, like you’re nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border officials don’t decide on asylum requests — that happens later — but they are responsible for the transfer of detainees to ICE custody, where they'll eventually speak with an asylum officer. However, border officials didn’t check the box on Luna's intake form indicating that she identified as LGBT, nor the box indicating that she could be at increased risk of sexual abuse in detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846822\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated Aug. 9, 2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ. \" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Customs and Border Protection 'Detainee Assessment' form dated Aug. 9, 2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s where things started to go wrong for her. ICE eventually assigned Luna a bed in a crowded men’s unit at the Otay Mesa Detention Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten days after she arrived at the border asking for help, an asylum officer with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services conducted a \"credible fear\" interview. That’s when Luna told her she also dressed as a woman at times. The officer found her story credible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few weeks later, a transgender Latina organization based near Los Angeles called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/LasCrisantemas/?ref=page_internal\">Las Crisantemas\u003c/a> sent a letter of support to the immigration court identifying Luna as a trans woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Luna was never moved to a special detention unit for transgender women, despite the fact that in 2015 ICE had agreed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/ice-issues-new-guidance-care-transgender-individuals-custody\">improve standards for transgender detainees\u003c/a>, including access to separate detention units away from the general population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'They treat you like a criminal, just for asking for help. It feels horrible, like you’re nothing.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did not put her into the protective custody that is required by their own standards,” said Allegra Love, an attorney with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.santafedreamersproject.org/transdetention\">Santa Fe Dreamers Project\u003c/a>, which has represented hundreds of transgender women in detention over the last few years. She was never Luna’s lawyer, but we asked her to review Luna’s case after KQED sued ICE to obtain her immigration records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone expresses to them, ‘Hey, look, I am trans, I have gender dysphoria. I am not the gender you think I am,’ then the government has this responsibility acknowledged by their own hand to take that seriously and protect people from heightened danger,” said Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Luna would spend months in the men’s unit before her asylum case could be fully heard — months when she said she was repeatedly harassed and belittled by the other detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846829\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Layers of security fencing at Otay Mesa immigration Detention Facility just east of San Diego, where Luna Guzmán was held for eight months while waiting to present her asylum claim.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layers of security fencing at Otay Mesa Detention Center just east of San Diego, where Luna Guzmán was held for eight months while waiting to present her asylum claim. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Backlogged Immigration Court, Long Months in Detention\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna appeared before immigration Judge Olga Attia, appointed to the immigration court in 2017 by former Attorney General Jeff Sessions. Luna was assigned an interpreter, but no lawyer. If she had wanted one, she would have had to find and pay for one herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the audio recordings of her hearings at the immigration court, Luna told the judge she was worried about being detained for so long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t always get the medicine I need for my chronic condition [HIV],” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, I don’t have jurisdiction over such matters,” Attia told her. “You need to bring this to the attention of the detention officers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna was in detention for five months before she was able to officially present her asylum application to Judge Attia. Then the judge informed her there were no available appointments to hear the merits of her case for another five months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>February 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After six months in detention, Luna was eligible to get out on bond. ICE attorneys didn’t object as she had no criminal history. The judge set the bond at $4,500, but like many asylum seekers, she had no way to pay that kind of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pleaded with the judge. “It’s hurting me, psychologically,” she said. “I’ve never been locked up, your honor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to tolerate being in detention in a men’s unit any longer, Luna did something she never expected to do. She gave up on her asylum case and asked to be deported right away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been eight months since I was detained at the detention center, your honor,” she said through an interpreter. “I feel alone. I don’t have the words to explain to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as Attia accepted the withdrawal of Luna’s asylum application, it wasn’t clear that the judge understood that Luna was transgender. Even after the interpreter explained that Luna was referring to herself in the feminine pronoun, Attia kept calling Luna “sir.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can only imagine the loss of hope that someone experiences when they're fleeing a country where the reason their life is in danger is because their institutions refuse to acknowledge who they are,” said Love, the attorney who has represented dozens of transgender detainees from Central America. “Then to arrive with a hopeful feeling in a place where they think they are going to have a different treatment, and then to have law enforcement officers and judges — officers of the court — immediately reject them as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if Luna had decided to stay in detention and pursue her asylum claim, the odds were against her, especially without a lawyer. During the last year of the Obama administration, 55% of all asylum applications were denied. Under the Trump administration, those numbers jumped to a record high of 72% in 2020, according to data from \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/whatsnew/email.201028.html\">Syracuse University's TRAC project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For asylum seekers from Guatemala, the rate is even higher: 85.8% of those applications are denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the plane ICE chartered to transport Luna and other detainees back to Guatemala, she recalled, she had a panic attack, shaking so badly she could barely walk onto the tarmac when she landed in Guatemala City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she went to stay with her sister, who had married an evangelical Christian. After a few days, however, she said her sister gave her some money and asked her to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have a home with me as a sister,” Luna remembered her saying. “Only as a brother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna had left Guatemala and had gradually made her way back to the U.S.-Mexico border, hoping to find her way to California again. We met Luna while she was staying at \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CasadelMigranteTijuana/\">Casa del Migrante\u003c/a>, a migrant shelter in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I am a transgender woman. I’m not going to live dressed as a boy my whole life. One day soon I want everyone who knows me to say, \"Luna made it. She fought for her dreams and they came true.\"'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was trying to make it as a dishwasher in a restaurant where the owner kept making homophobic comments. She was also scrambling to find a clinic to get her HIV medication without a Mexican ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The soles of her tennis shoes were wearing thin, and she was wearing a soccer jersey, her hair buzzed short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am a transgender woman. I’m not going to live dressed as a boy my whole life,” Luna told us. “One day soon I want everyone who knows me to say, ‘Luna made it. She fought for her dreams and they came true.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846832\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán stands in front of a mural in Tijuana. As a child, she often dressed up as a butterfly. In detention, she said she felt like a “butterfly with its wings cut off.”\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán stands in front of a mural in Tijuana. As a child, she often dressed up as a butterfly. In detention, she said she felt like a “butterfly with its wings cut off.” \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>January 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month later, Luna messaged via WhatsApp to say she knew her dream of coming to California was probably over, because she had given up her asylum case the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But then, a few weeks later, she sent a video of herself standing someplace windy, with the border wall far behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look!” she exclaimed. “I crossed! I’ll see you in San Francisco, by the Golden Gate bridge, for a coffee.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the WhatsApp feed went quiet for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>February 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, we got a collect call from Otay Mesa Detention Center. Over the scratchy phone line, Luna said she was in the same cell and the same bed where she had stayed the year before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like a butterfly who’s had her wings cut off,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘I’ve Been a Prisoner in My Own Body, Now I’m a Prisoner Here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 12, 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Luna had been detained for about six weeks, ICE granted us permission to interview her in person at Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We followed a guard to a waiting room with other families. A sign above one guard’s gray metal desk proclaimed “Hope is the anchor for the soul. Be grateful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they called our names, we walked down past a heavy door, to where Luna sat in a tiny room. She wore blue crocs, brown socks and a blue uniform with “detainee” emblazoned on the back in white letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846827\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The California Report’s Sasha Khokha interviews Luna Guzmán inside Otay Mesa Detention Center in March 2019. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Report’s Sasha Khokha interviews Luna Guzmán inside Otay Mesa Detention Center in March 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She looked gaunt and exhausted, but her eyes were still bright. Her hair was shorn super-short. She had to cut it all off after a bully hacked off a chunk of it with a razor, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me he couldn’t stand homosexuals and whipped out the razor,” she said. “He told me if I complained to the guards, it would be worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said that happened at the Metropolitan Correctional Facility, a federal jail in San Diego, where she had been held for about a week after Border Patrol agents picked her up. She was charged there with the federal crime of illegally reentering the U.S., after President Trump ramped up prosecutions under a \"zero tolerance\" policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the sexual harassment at the ICE detention facility, she said, was even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people here, they touch your butt, your breasts, they look at you when you’re taking a shower,” she said. “They flash us. I don’t want to be here anymore. I know if I complain they won’t listen to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna told us she couldn’t afford to buy shampoo or snacks from the detention center commissary. She said other inmates offered to buy them for her, in exchange for sexual favors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to do something I don’t want to do for a cup of soup that costs 60 cents,” she said. “I’m not going to have sex with anyone here. There’s discrimination on the outside. But here, it’s a different world. It’s worse. ... You have nowhere to go to get away from it. You’re trapped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/lgbtq-rights/news/2018/05/30/451294/ices-rejection-rules-placing-lgbt-immigrants-severe-risk-sexual-abuse/\">2018 study \u003c/a>found that LGBT immigrants are nearly 100 times more likely to be sexually harassed or assaulted in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been a prisoner in my own body, I’m now a prisoner here,” Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told us she didn’t want to cry in front of us. She wanted to be the strong person who had impressed us with her courage and tenacity when we met her in Tijuana four months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after our interview, we peeked back through a window of the tiny room. Her head was on the table, and she was sobbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846828\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán puts her head down and cries after her interview with reporters Sasha Khokha and Erin Siegal McIntyre. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán puts her head down and cries after her interview with reporters Sasha Khokha and Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luna’s second stint in detention only lasted a couple months. ICE moved to deport her as soon as possible: She had re-entered the U.S. by climbing the border fence and violated the five-year bar on re-entry imposed on her when she was deported the first time. Now, she was barred from returning to the U.S. for 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was her second time in detention, and she still had no lawyer. No one to tell her about an alternative to asylum — something called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.justia.com/lgbtq/immigration/transgender-rights/\">withholding of removal,\u003c/a>” which has allowed some transgender women from Central America to stay in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If she had partnered with a skilled asylum lawyer, we would be having a really different conversation right now about her,” said Love. “We might be talking about her now in 2020, enrolling in community college or, you know, getting her first apartment or, in fact, getting her legal permanent residence in the United States and having a green card. But instead, she was not provided with the due process that she was owed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>‘It’s Not Safe For You To Stay in Guatemala’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 27, 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna was deported a second time to Guatemala City. KQED hired a film crew to meet her when she got off the plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She counted out four U.S. dollar bills from a plastic bag marked “personal property” — money she said she earned working in the laundry at the detention center. She brushed her hand over her face, as if to make it all go away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she headed to \u003ca href=\"https://asociacionlambda.com/\">Asociación Lambda\u003c/a>, an LGBT organization in Guatemala City that helps deportees, but after hearing her story, an intake worker told Luna it was unsafe for her to stay in Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your profile is very high risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He didn’t need to remind her about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-02-13/ice-deported-trans-asylum-seeker-she-was-killed-el-salvador\">trans women who’ve been murdered\u003c/a> recently after being deported back to Central America. He also said he worried the traffickers from her hometown might have connections in Guatemala City and could track her down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He arranged for a safe house in a secret location, but Luna decided to leave after just one night there. She refused to feel locked up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By now we’d been reporting on Luna’s story for five months. Some transgender California Report listeners in Modesto who heard one of the stories even reached out to her and sent her $80, money that helped her get out of Guatemala again and start another journey back to the border. They also put together a drag performance that they dedicated to her.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April-July 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a few more months, Luna found her way out of Guatemala and back to Mexico. She applied for a humanitarian visa to stay temporarily and found a job making tortillas in a restaurant in Tapachula. She met some new friends, other transgender migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, emboldened by her new friends, she decided to dress as a woman again, for dinner with them at a local cafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she called at 6 a.m. the next morning, crying. She said she had been raped by five armed men, who abducted her while she was waiting alone for a taxi after dinner. She said they beat her, kicking her in the kidneys, where she was recovering from a recent infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why is that every time I show the person I really am, does it go so wrong?” she sobbed. “Why is life so hard?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she was too afraid to file a complaint with the Mexican police, that they would probably do nothing but laugh at her and say homophobic things. She sent me a Facebook post about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.diariodelsur.com.mx/local/gobierno-de-chiapas-complice-en-crimenes-de-odio-y-violencia-activistas-3949418.html\">death of a gay activist, Juan Ruiz Nicolas\u003c/a>, who was assassinated in Tapachula, the town where she was staying near the Guatemala border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'If [Luna] had partnered with a skilled asylum lawyer, we would be having a really different conversation right now about her. We might be talking about her now in 2020, enrolling in community college ... getting her first apartment or, in fact, getting her legal permanent residence in the United States.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Allegra Love, attorney with Santa Fe Dreamers Project","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she didn’t report the rape to anyone, it’s hard to confirm that Luna was assaulted. This is part of the paradox for asylum seekers. They’re expected to document and prove the horrible things that have happened to them, but all too often, the act of reporting these abuses could put them in more danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, as journalists, we’ve done our best to vet her story. KQED even sued the Department of Homeland Security to obtain Luna’s records. But when it comes to what happened to Luna in Guatemala or Mexico, there’s no way to prove the trafficking and the violence. She’s been in transit so long, living on the street and in shelters, that she has little documentation of her life. Still, Luna’s story is consistent with what advocates and investigations into the treatment of transgender and \u003ca href=\"https://www.rollcall.com/2020/09/24/house-report-medical-neglect-falsified-records-harmed-detained-immigrants/\">HIV-positive immigration detainees\u003c/a> have found. Much of it is also echoed in her asylum application and in her health records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna eventually received a temporary humanitarian visa and Mexican identification card, good for one year. The Mexican government sent her back to Tijuana, to a safe house for LGBT refugees called \u003ca href=\"https://casaarcoiris.org/en/\">Casa Arcoiris\u003c/a>, or rainbow house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846833\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán walks through Tijuana with friends from Casa Arco Iris, a shelter for LGBTQ refugees from around the world waiting in Mexico to seek asylum in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán walks through Tijuana with friends from Casa Arcoiris, a shelter for LGBTQ refugees from around the world waiting in Mexico to seek asylum in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>October 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, we decided to visit her again in Tijuana to see how she was doing. But we couldn’t meet her at the safe house where she was staying, because they wanted to keep the location secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, we met up with Luna and some of her new shelter-mates at a huge supermarket where they were shopping for dried beans, carrots and cabbage. They each took turns cooking a meal from their home country for the other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One nonbinary friend from Honduras, who didn’t want to give their name for safety, said Luna is beloved in the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody loves her. She’s shared her history, so much we have in common,” they said. “We’ve become like family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That community, that stability, had changed things for Luna. She was wearing dresses and lipstick more often, laughing more with her new friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846825\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"In Tijuana, Luna Guzmán has been able to express and explore her gender identity more openly.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Tijuana, Luna Guzmán has been able to express and explore her gender identity more openly. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But she got serious again when she took us to see the section of border fence where she crossed the last time she came to California. She pointed to squirrels and dragonflies flitting between the slats of the fence, between countries, without even knowing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s only we humans that don’t have that freedom,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked what she thought about as she gazed through the bars of the fence to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This wall kills your dreams. It takes away everything,” she said. “I told myself that when I climbed over this wall. I would leave my past behind. I would be reborn. That’s California, but I can’t get there. One day I will. It might be 2050, or 2100, but I will get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11846830\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán stands at the border fence in Tijuana, at the section she had climbed across in January 2019 during her second attempt to immigrate to California. She had been deported the year before after giving up her asylum claim, unable to withstand long months of detention and sexual harassment at the detention center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán stands at the border fence in Tijuana, at the section she had climbed across in January 2019 during her second attempt to immigrate to California. She had been deported the year before after giving up her asylum claim, unable to withstand long months of detention and sexual harassment at the detention center. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'Thank You for Telling My Story'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>March 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the COVID-19 outbreak arrived in Mexico, Luna left us a voicemail that she planned to shelter in place with a friend outside of Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We talked about her relief that she was far away from the Otay Mesa Detention Center, which turned out to have one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11816707/man-dies-of-covid-19-in-san-diego-ice-detention-center-lawyers-say\">biggest outbreaks of COVID-19\u003c/a>. That, ironically, being deported may have saved her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, if she had still been in detention, she might have been released to a sponsor in the U.S. — as some other transgender detainees have been — to avoid the risk of getting coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a month later, in April, Luna left a voice memo. Her breathing was so heavy and ragged it was hard to understand. She said she was in the ICU at the public hospital in Tijuana, sick with COVID-19. They were about to put her on a respirator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank you for everything,” she rasped. “For wanting to tell my story. Hopefully people will remember a little bit about me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, as has happened so many times over the last two years, the WhatsApp feed with Luna went quiet for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, after several weeks in the hospital, Luna left another message from her hospital bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had taken her off the ventilator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh God, I thought I was gonna die,” she breathed. “But nope, Luna, she’s still here, resisting everything. I’ve got a lot more life in me. A lot I still want to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>November 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna left us a voice message, saying the Mexican government just extended her humanitarian visa for another year. Still, it's been difficult for her to work and pay her rent in Tijuana. She has lingering symptoms from COVID-19, including fatigue, difficulty breathing and sore vocal cords. Her immune system is also struggling to fight HIV. She's worried her body isn't strong enough to fight off another virus, so is staying at home as much as possible to avoid getting reinfected with COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna also said she and other migrants are celebrating Joe Biden's win and hoping that he will make good on his campaign pledge to \"end President Trump's detrimental asylum policies,\" which included making it harder for LGBTQ migrants to seek protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna said she's ready to try for asylum in the U.S. again if things change with the new administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're warriors, and we've gotten through a lot of tough situations,\" Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>April 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna is still dealing with the after-effects of COVID-19. She gets out of breath easily and has to use an inhaler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of donations from listeners, she’s been able to find stable housing in Tijuana, where she’s working part time as a dishwasher. On April 8, Luna proudly graduated from a 12-week course in gardening, nutrition and cooking for migrants on the border.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1380357337186140162"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>She’s sitting tight, waiting for a chance to work with an immigration lawyer to try to reopen her case. She said as more asylum seekers waiting at the border are getting a chance to present their claims, she’s hopeful the transgender migrants among them will find conditions in detention improved under the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>May 2021\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna calls and leaves a voice message, nearly shrieking with excitement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am in the US! I am in San Diego. I was able to cross yesterday!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, she had the help of an attorney, from the Oakland-based Transgender Law Center, who helped her with an application for humanitarian parole. And it was approved, allowing her to come into the United States while she waits for another chance to go in front of an immigration judge and ask for protection. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11876583","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/Luna-Times-Square-1-1020x876.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Queer Detainee Empowerment Project in New York City agreed to sponsor Luna. They are helping her with housing, medical care and finding a lawyer to represent her in immigration court. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sent her a plane ticket for travel from San Diego to JFK – and she boarded a flight May 17 after quarantining at a hotel in San Diego and taking a COVID test. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she arrived in New York, a volunteer took her to a shelter that houses transgender women in Jamaica, Queens. She’ll eventually be able to get her own apartment, through a program in New York City that guarantees housing for people living with HIV. With her humanitarian parole status, Luna is eligible for Medicaid in New York, which can help her get HIV meds, hormones or eventually, gender-affirming surgery. QDEP can help her with English-language classes and mental health services, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll still have to present her case in front of an immigration judge in New York. But this time, she’ll have a lawyer to represent her. With the pandemic, the backlog of immigration cases could take many months – even years to resolve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Luna is waiting, she can start to live the life she’s dreamed about. She’s been sending us videos of her dancing to street musicians in Times Square, and wearing her new pink high tops to take the subway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m living my dream, right?” Luna said in a recent voice message. “I may not be in California, but I am in New York. I know the universe will bring good things, and I’m going to be OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on Dec. 4, 2020 and last updated on June 4, 2021.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This project was supported by a grant from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women’s Media Foundation\u003c/a>. Their Reporting Grants for Women’s Stories Program is funded by the Secular Society. Luna Guzmán's voice in English in the audio documentary was performed by pioneering transgender actress \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california","authors":["byline_news_11844742"],"programs":["news_26731"],"categories":["news_457","news_1169","news_8"],"tags":["news_23087","news_23653","news_20458","news_18538","news_20575","news_24253","news_27626","news_21691","news_21027","news_20202","news_20004","news_1435","news_23797","news_24942","news_2486","news_3173"],"featImg":"news_11852386","label":"news_26731"},"news_11852044":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11852044","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11852044","score":null,"sort":[1608596765000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"una-mariposa-con-las-alas-rotas-la-busqueda-de-una-solicitante-de-asilo-transgenera-para-llegar-a-california","title":"‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California","publishDate":1608596765,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nota de editorx: Pese a que la Real Academia Española (RAE) específica el uso del término transgénero para describir y abarcar todas las experiencias trans dentro del arco de la identidad de género, hemos decidido utilizar la palabra transgénera con la intención de usar un término que mejor corresponda a las experiencias e identidad de Luna.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplió 15 años, como tantas chicas en su pueblo en Guatemala, Luna Guzmán celebró con una quinceañera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me prestaron el vestido de una compañera porque yo lloraba. Cada vez que íbamos a la escuela teníamos que pasar en frente de una tienda donde habían vestidos de novia y de quinceañera”, dijo Luna. “Yo siempre me quedaba viendo, hasta tocaba el vidrio”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El vestido que pidió prestado era de color turquesa, con una falda larga. Se quitó sus zapatos tenis, se puso los tacones y una tiara y empezó a bailar con sus amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Había un pastel, botellas de champán y chambelanes, chicos que se vistieron en trajes para acompañarla a la fiesta secreta en casa de un amigo. Ninguno de sus parientes estaba allí porque no podían imaginar a Luna como una niña transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]'La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No los puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instantes de esa fiesta de cumpleaños perduran en la memoria de Luna como un tiempo en su vida en el cual sintió verdaderamente el placer y la libertad. Era algo para saborear una y otra vez conforme iniciaba la década siguiente, cuando vestía camisetas de fútbol y trataba de parecerse al chico que sabía no llevaba por dentro. Mientras lidiaba con una violencia brutal, decidió tomar el tremendo riesgo de dejar atrás todo en Guatemala y tratar de encontrar una nueva vida en California. Las memorias eran un lugar en donde ella podía imaginarse a salvo, siendo ella misma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conocimos a Luna en un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana dos años atrás y desde entonces nos hemos mantenido en contacto con ella, durante su viaje por la frontera, donde pasó meses detenida por el Servicio de Inmigración y Control de Aduanas (ICE por sus siglas en inglés), y su búsqueda por el amparo en México. Pasamos semanas tratando desesperadamente de localizarla en una unidad de cuidados intensivos después de que ella dejara un mensaje de voz en el que había sido diagnosticada con un caso severo de COVID-19. “Gracias por contar mi historia”, dijo con voz ronca y entrecortada, apenas se reconocía su voz . “Gracias por todo. Por contar mi historia. Si muero, ojalá que la gente un día se acuerde de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-aYksXNNUA\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘¿No puedes cambiar a tu hijo?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna creció en las afueras de una pequeña ciudad en el área central de Guatemala, en una casa construida por palos y periódicos. Su madre vendía papas fritas en un carrito de comida y Luna ayudó a cuidar a sus tres hermanos, uno de ellos con discapacidades del desarrollo. Su padre no formó parte de su vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que era una voraz lectora, pasando horas en la biblioteca de su ciudad. En la escuela jugaba a disfrazarse con otras chicas. Luna se transformaba en una mariposa, sus alas estaban hechas de pedazos de cartón que encontraba en las calles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que su madre la defendió al principio. Cuando confesó ser gay a los 14 años, su mamá brindó con una copa de agua de jamaica. Pero a medida que Luna crecía, su madre desaprobaba los vestidos y los tacones. Su hijo, ¿vistiéndose como una mujer? Para ella, eso iba en contra de la naturaleza. Entonces Luna volvió a vestir con camisetas de fútbol y pantalones cortos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Esos desprecios ahora los entiendo”, dijo Luna. “Ella tal vez quería protegerme”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849344 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A los 13 años, justo en la cúspide de su adolescencia, Luna fue violada por un hombre mayor que era su vecino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“En un principio decía ¿por qué a mí? Explícame ¿por qué a mí? Si hay alguien ahí arriba por qué no me explicas”, suspiró Luna. “Pero nunca obtuve esa respuesta. Nunca la obtuve. Hasta hoy en día nunca la he tenido.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que poco después fue forzada a integrar una red de tráfico de personas y labor sexual. Algunos hombres de mucho poder en su pueblo la obligaron a entrar a una red de tráfico de personas. ¿Los clientes? Hombres mayores que pagaban cientos de dólares estadounidenses para dormir con niños pequeños y niñas transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El tráfico de personas y la explotación sexual están desenfrenados en Guatemala, y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ha denunciado el alarmante número de menores de edad forzados a ingresar a redes de tráfico debido a la pobreza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero no había nadie que la ayudara. Los proxenetas, según Luna, tenían vínculos con la policía y los principales funcionarios públicos de la ciudad. “Si alguien intentaba denunciarlos o presentar una denuncia, lo tiraban a la basura”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos menores de edad en la red de tráfico de personas estaban infectados con enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Cuando tenía 16 años, Luna descubrió que era portadora del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, conocido también como VIH. El acoso de la gente se intensificó en una ciudad donde ya se le había arrojado piedras y manifestado que se mantuviera alejada de los niños. Luna recuerda que, una vez, algunas personas la golpearon con tanta fuerza que le rompieron la clavícula y le dijeron que se comportara como un “hombre de verdad”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mi pueblo es tan pequeño. No hay información sobre orientación sexual, sobre VIH”, dijo Luna. “No hay información de nada. Es muy cerrado (de mente)”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplío 19 años, Luna cuenta que todavía la obligaban ocasionalmente a trabajar en la red de tráfico sexual. Al llegar a la edad adulta, comenzó a dar algunos pasos para recuperar el control de su vida. Se inscribió en un curso para convertirse en una bombero voluntaria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849342 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán trabajó como bombera en su pueblo natal. Ella dice que abandonó la cuadrilla luego de sufrir acoso y amenazas homofóbicas. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se graduó del programa de bomberos. Se sentía valerosa al rescatar personas de accidentes automovilísticos y apagar edificios en llamas. Pero luego, los otros bomberos descubrieron que era portadora del VIH y comenzaron a burlarse de ella con insultos homofóbicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soñó entonces con una salida y puso su mirada en California. Había visto vídeos del enorme desfile del orgullo LGBTQ en San Francisco. Sabía que en California no podría ser despedida o desalojada por ser transgénera, tendría derecho a obtener una identificación con el nombre que deseaba y a usar el baño que coincida con su género. También esperaba poder ganar lo suficiente dinero para pagar su transición.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dejó a su familia, el departamento de bomberos, los vecinos y los proxenetas. Tenía 22 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Se subió al famoso tren que los migrantes llaman La Bestia, que viaja de la frontera sur a la frontera norte de México. No usó vestidos en el viaje. Como ha hecho durante la mayor parte de su vida, mantuvo su cabello corto y usó camisetas y pantalones cortos de hombre por seguridad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849343 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She travelled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes.\" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán montada en un tren, el cual la llevaría de Guatemala a México en 2017. Viajó con otros migrantes LGBTQ y dijo que una vez fueron atacados por hombres armados con machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cruzando la Frontera Sin Un Respaldo Seguro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Agosto de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando Luna llegó al cruce fronterizo entre Estados Unidos y México en Otay Mesa, cerca de San Diego, le dijo a un oficial que estaba huyendo de la violencia homofóbica en Guatemala y que estaba pidiendo asilo. Sin embargo, sus esperanzas de sentirse protegida se desvanecieron al cruzar a Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me entraron a unas oficinas. Y como a los 30 minutos me arrestaron en unas cadenas en las manos, en los pies, en la cintura”, dijo Luna. “Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los agentes fronterizos no determinan las solicitudes de asilo—eso sucede más tarde—pero son responsables de la transferencia de los detenidos en custodia de ICE, donde eventualmente hablan con un oficial encargado de procesar una petición de asilo. Sin embargo, los funcionarios fronterizos no marcaron la casilla en el formulario de admisión de Luna que indica que se identificó como LGBTQ, ni la casilla que indica que podría correr un mayor riesgo de abuso sexual durante su detención.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846822 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated 8/9/2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un formulario titulado 'Evaluación del detenido' de la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza, con la fecha 9 de agosto, de 2017. Pese a que Luna Guzmán claramente le explicó a los oficiales que ella había sido un blanco de violencia homofóbica, ellos no marcaron la casilla para identificar a Luna como alguien LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fue entonces cuando las cosas empezaron a complicarse. ICE finalmente le asignó a Luna una cama en la unidad de hombres s en el centro de detención de Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diez días después de que llegó a la frontera pidiendo ayuda, un oficial del Servicio y Ciudadanía de los Estados Unidos realizó una entrevista de “miedo creíble”. Fue entonces cuando Luna dijo que a veces también se vestía como mujer. El oficial denominó su historia como verídica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Semanas más tarde, una organización latina que apoya a las personas trangénero con sede cerca de Los Ángeles llamada Las Crisantemas envió una carta de apoyo a la corte de inmigración reconociendo a Luna como una mujer trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sin embargo, Luna nunca fue trasladada a una unidad de detención para mujeres transgénera, a pesar de que en 2015 ICE había acordado mejorar los estándares para las detenidas transgénera, incluido el acceso a unidades separadas de la población en general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]'Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No la pusieron bajo la custodia protectora que requieren sus propios estándares”, dijo Allegra Love, abogada del Santa Fe Dreamers Project, quien ha representado a cientos de mujeres transgénera detenidas en los últimos años. Ella nunca fue la abogada de Luna, pero le pedimos que revisara su caso luego de que KQED demandó a ICE para obtener sus registros de inmigración.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si alguien les dice: ‘oye, mira, soy trans, tengo disforia de género. No soy del género que crees que soy’, entonces el gobierno tiene esta responsabilidad consentida por su propia mano de tomar eso en serio y proteger a las personas de un mayor peligro”, dijo Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pasó meses en la unidad de hombres antes de que su caso de asilo pudiera ser escuchado por completo, meses en los que dijo que los otros detenidos la acosaban y menospreciaban repetidamente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846829 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Tribunal de inmigración aplazado, largos meses detenida\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna compareció ante la jueza de inmigración Olga Attia, asignada para la corte de inmgiración en 2017 por el entonces fiscal general Jeff Sessions. A Luna se le asignó un intérprete, pero ningún abogado. Si hubiera querido uno, habría tenido que encontrarlo y pagarlo por su propia cuenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En las grabaciones de audio de las audiencias en la corte de inmigración, Luna le dijo a la jueza que estaba preocupada de estar detenida durante tanto tiempo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es que no siempre me dan la medicina que necesito para la enfermedad crónica que yo sufro”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desafortunadamente, no tengo jurisdicción sobre tales asuntos,” le dijo Attia. “Debe informar a los oficiales de detención de esto”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna estuvo detenida durante cinco meses antes de poder presentar oficialmente su solicitud de asilo a la jueza Attia. Luego, la jueza le informó que no había citas disponibles para conocer la profundidad de su caso hasta otros cinco meses más.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de seis meses detenida, Luna era elegible para salir bajo fianza. Los abogados de ICE no se opusieron puesto que ella no tenía antecedentes penales. La jueza fijó la fianza en 4,500 dólares, sin embargo, como muchos solicitantes de asilo, Luna no tenía forma de pagar esa cantidad de dinero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A mí me hace daño psicológicamente. Yo nunca he estado detenida, su señoría”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incapaz de tolerar su detención en una unidad de hombres, Luna realizó algo que jamás pensó que podría. Renunció a su caso de asilo y pidió ser deportada de inmediato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voy a cumplir 8 meses de estar detenida en el centro de detención'', dijo Luna a través de un intérprete. “Me siento sola. No tengo palabras para explicarle, su señoría”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incluso cuando Attia aceptó el retiro de la solicitud de asilo, no estaba claro que la jueza entendía que Luna era transgénera. Después de que el intérprete explicó que Luna se refería a sí misma con el pronombre femenino, Attia siguió llamando a Luna “señor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sólo puedo imaginar la pérdida de esperanza que alguien experimenta cuando huye de un país donde la razón por la que su vida está en peligro es porque sus instituciones se niegan a reconocer quiénes son”, dijo Love, la abogada que ha representado a decenas de personas trans detenidas provenientes de Centroamérica. “Luego llegar con un sentimiento de esperanza a un lugar donde creen que van a recibir un trato diferente, y luego que los agentes del orden y los jueces, oficiales de la corte, los rechacen inmediatamente también”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si Luna hubiera decidido permanecer detenida y continuar con su solicitud de asilo, las probabilidades estaban en su contra especialmente sin un abogado. Durante el último año de la administración de Barack Obama, se denegó el 55 por ciento de todas las peticiones de asilo. Bajo la administración de Donald Trump, esas cifras subieron a un récord del 72 por ciento en 2020, según datos del proyecto TRAC de la Universidad de Syracuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Para los solicitantes de asilo de Guatemala, la tasa es aún mayor: el 85.8 por ciento de esas solicitudes son rechazadas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En el avión chárter de ICE para transportar a Luna y otros detenidos de regreso a Guatemala, ella recuerda que tuvo un ataque de pánico, temblaba tanto que apenas podía caminar sobre la pista cuando aterrizó en Ciudad de Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que fue a quedarse con su hermana, quien se había casado con un cristiano evangélico. Sin embargo, después de unos días, su hermana le dio algo de dinero y le pidió que se marchara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No tienes un hogar conmigo como una hermana”, recordó Luna que su hermana le dijo. “Solo como un hermano”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se fue de Guatemala y poco a poco regresó a la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México, con la esperanza de encontrar un camino de regreso a California. Conocimos a Luna mientras se hospedaba en Casa del Migrante, un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Luna Guzmán\"]\"Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfó. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó\".[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que estaba tratando de seguir adelante como lavaplatos en un restaurante donde el dueño hacía comentarios homofóbicos. También luchaba por encontrar una clínica donde obtener su medicamento contra el VIH sin una identificación mexicana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las suelas de sus zapatos se estaban desgastando y vestía una camiseta de fútbol, su cabello era muy corto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfo. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\".' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\". \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un mes después, Luna mandó un mensaje vía WhatsApp para decir que sabía que su sueño de venir a California probablemente terminó porque había renunciado a su solicitud de asilo el año anterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero luego, unas semanas más tarde, envió un vídeo suyo, de pie, en un lugar con mucho viento, y con el muro fronterizo detrás de ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¡Mira!” exclamó Luna. “¡Crucé! Te veré en San Francisco, junto al puente Golden Gate para tomar un café”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WhatsApp se mantuvo en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recibimos finalmente una llamada que debimos pagar del centro de detención de Otay Mesa. Luna dijo a través de la línea telefónica desafinada que estaba en la misma celda y en la misma cama en la que se había quedado el año pasado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Le quita las alas a una mariposa, así me siento yo ahora”, dijo Luna. “He sido una prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12 de marzo de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de que Luna estuvo detenida durante unas seis semanas, ICE nos concedió permiso para entrevistarla en persona en Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seguimos a un guardia a una sala de espera con otras familias. Un letrero sobre el escritorio de metal gris de un guardia decía: “la esperanza es el ancla del alma. Sé agradecido”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando llamaron nuestros nombres, pasamos por una puerta pesada hasta donde Luna estaba sentada en una pequeña habitación. Vestía sandalias Crocs azules, calcetines marrones y un uniforme azul con la palabra “detenida” estampada en la espalda con letras blancas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846827 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Se veía demacrada y exhausta, pero sus ojos aún brillaban. Su cabello era muy corto. Luna dijo que tuvo que cortárselo todo después de que un hombre le quitara un trozo de cabello con una navaja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me dijo que no toleraba a los homosexuales y me cortó con la navaja”, dijo Luna. “De un rastrillo de una rasuradora me cortó mi cabello. Fue muy duro para mí porque me dijo que si yo me quejaba con los oficiales me iba a ir peor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo además que eso sucedió en el Centro Correccional Metropolitano, una cárcel federal en San Diego, donde estuvo detenida durante aproximadamente una semana después de que los agentes de la patrulla fronteriza la recogieran. Fue acusada allí del delito federal de reingreso ilegal a Estados Unidos, luego de que el presidente Trump intensificara los enjuiciamientos bajo una política de “cero tolerancia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero el acoso sexual en el centro de detención de ICE fue aún peor, agregó Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí hay personas que nos tocan el trasero, que nos tocan las bubis que nos miran cuando nos estamos bañando”, dijo Luna. “ Quieren que nos enseñen sus partes. Yo no quiero estar más tiempo acá. Yo sé que si yo me meto una queja, no me van a hacer caso. Yo se que no me van a hacer caso”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Además, Luna dijo que no le alcanzaba el dinero para comprarse champú o bocadillos en la tienda del centro de detención. Agregó que otros presos se ofrecieron a comprárselos a cambio de favores sexuales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yo no voy a hacer algo que no me guste por una sopa que vale 60 centavos de dólar”, dijo Luna. Yo no voy a estar haciendo cosas malas, tener sexo con nadie acá. Toda la discriminación que vivimos allá afuera, acá es peor porque acá es otro mundo. Acá es un mundo de la discriminación y la homofobia y el acoso es súper grandísimo. Es peor que allá afuera. Porque acá no tienes para dónde ir, acá está todo cerrado”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un estudio en 2018 encontró que los inmigrantes LGBTQ tienen casi 100 veces más probabilidades de ser acosados o agredidos sexualmente durante una detención de ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sido prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que no quería llorar delante de nosotros. Quería ser la persona fuerte que nos había impresionado con su coraje y tenacidad cuando la conocimos en Tijuana cuatro meses atrás.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero después de nuestra entrevista nos asomamos por una ventana de la pequeña habitación. Tenía la cabeza sobre la mesa y sollozaba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846828 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>El segundo período de detención de Luna solo duró un par de meses. ICE trató de deportarla lo antes posible: había reingresado a Estados Unidos escalando la valla fronteriza y violó la prohibición de cinco años de reingreso que se le impuso cuando fue deportada por primera vez. Ahora se le prohibió regresar al país en 20 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esta era la segunda vez que estaba detenida y todavía no tenía abogado. Nadie que le ofrezca una alternativa al asilo, algo llamado “Retención de la Expulsión”, que ha permitido que algunas mujeres trans de Centroamérica se queden en Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella”, dijo Love. “Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribiéndose en una universidad comunitaria o, ya sabes, consiguiendo su primer apartamento o, de hecho, obteniendo su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos y una green card o permiso de residencia. Pero en cambio, no se le proporcionó el proceso que se merecía”.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“No es seguro que te quedes en Guatemala”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo 27 de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna fue deportada por segunda vez a la Ciudad de Guatemala. KQED contrató a un equipo de filmación para encontrarse con ella cuando bajara del avión.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contó cuatro dólares estadounidense de una bolsa de plástico marcada como “propiedad personal”, dinero ganado trabajando en la lavandería del centro de detención. Se pasó la mano por la cara, como queriendo que todo desapareciera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego se dirigió a la Asociación Lambda, una organización LGBTQ en la Ciudad de Guatemala que ayuda a los deportados, que después de escuchar su historia, un empleado de admisión le dijo a Luna que no era seguro quedarse en Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Su perfil es de alto riesgo”, dijo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No necesitaba recordarle sobre las mujeres trans que fueron asesinadas recientemente después de haber sido deportadas a Centroamérica. El empleado de admisión dijo también que le preocupaba que los proxenetas en su ciudad natal pudieran tener conexiones en la Ciudad de Guatemala y rastrearla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consiguió una casa segura en un lugar secreto, pero Luna decidió irse después de pasar una noche allí. Se negó a sentirse encerrada de nuevo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A estas alturas llevábamos cinco meses informando sobre la historia de Luna. Algunos oyentes transgéneros de California Report en Modesto que escucharon una de las historias, la contactaron y le enviaron 80 dólares, dinero que la ayudó a salir de Guatemala nuevamente y emprender otro viaje de regreso a la frontera. También organizaron un \u003cem>drag show\u003c/em> dedicado a Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril y julio de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de unos meses más, Luna encontró la manera de salir de Guatemala y regresar a México. Solicitó una visa humanitaria para quedarse temporalmente y encontró trabajo haciendo tortillas en un restaurante de Tapachula. Conoció a algunos nuevos amigos, otros migrantes transgéneros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pronto, llena de valor por sus nuevos amigos, decidió vestirse de mujer nuevamente para cenar con ellos en un café local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La mañana siguiente, a las 6 a.m. llamó llorando. Dijo que había sido violada por cinco hombres armados, que la secuestraron mientras esperaba un taxi después de cenar. Dijo que la golpearon y la patearon en los riñones, donde se estaba recuperando de una reciente infección.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Por qué tengo que sufrir tanto? ¿Por qué la vida es injusta conmigo?”, sollozó Luna. “¿Por qué cuando demuestro la persona que soy, siempre me va mal, eso es lo que no entiendo”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que tenía demasiado miedo de presentar una demanda ante la policía mexicana, porque probablemente no harían más que reírse de ella y decir cosas homofóbicas. Me envió una publicación en Facebook sobre la muerte de un activista gay, Juan Ruiz Nicolás, quien fue asesinado en Tapachula, el pueblo donde se hospedaba cerca de la frontera con Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Allegra Love, abogada con Santa Fe Dreamers Project\"]'Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella. Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribirse en un colegio comunitario o, ya sabes, conseguir su primer apartamento o, de hecho, conseguir su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos'.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Como no reportó la violación a nadie, es difícil confirmar que Luna fue agredida. Esto es parte de la paradoja de los solicitantes de asilo. Se espera que documenten y prueben las cosas horribles que les han sucedido, pero con demasiada frecuencia, el acto de demandar estos abusos podría ponerlos en mayor peligro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por supuesto, como periodistas, hemos hecho todo lo posible para examinar su historia. KQED incluso demandó al Departamento de Seguridad Nacional para obtener los registros de Luna. Pero cuando se trata de lo que sucedió a Luna en Guatemala o México, no hay forma de probar el tráfico y la violencia. Llevaba tanto tiempo en tránsito, viviendo en la calle y en refugios, que tiene poca documentación de su vida. Aún así, la historia de Luna es consistente con lo que han encontrado los defensores y las investigaciones sobre el trato de los detenidos inmigrantes transgéneros y portadores de VIH. Mucho de esto también se refleja en su solicitud de asilo y en sus registros médicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna finalmente recibió una visa humanitaria temporal y una tarjeta de identificación mexicana, válida por un año. El gobierno mexicano la envió de regreso a Tijuana, a una casa segura para refugiados LGBTQ llamada Casa Arcoíris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En octubre decidimos volver a visitarla en Tijuana para saber cómo estaba. Pero no pudimos encontrarnos con ella en la casa donde se quedaba porque querían mantener la ubicación en secreto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nos encontramos con Luna y uno de sus nuevos compañeros refugiados en un enorme supermercado donde compraban frijoles secos, zanahorias y repollo. Cada uno de ellos se turnaron para cocinar un platillo de su país de origen para los otros habitantes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Une amige no binario de Honduras, que no quiso dar su nombre por seguridad, dijo que Luna es bien querida en la casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se ha encariñado con todo el mundo. Todo el mundo la aprecia mucho”, dijo une compañere refugiados de Luna. \u003cspan style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u003c/span>\"Ha compartido su historia. La comunidad LGBT nos hace una conexión como familia\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esa comunidad, esa estabilidad, cambiaron las cosas para Luna. Llevaba vestido y lápiz labial con más frecuencia, se reía más con sus nuevos amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846825 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pero su semblante cambió cuando nos llevó a ver la sección de la valla fronteriza por donde cruzó la última vez que vino a California. Señaló ardillas y libélulas que volaban entre los listones de la cerca, entre países, sin siquiera saberlo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es algo que los humanos se nos limita a veces, verdad, que no tenemos esa libertad”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Le preguntamos qué pensaba mientras miraba a través de los barrotes de la cerca hacia California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es un muro que mata sueños, que quita todo”, dijo Luna “Yo dije de este muro para acá, voy a dejar todo mi pasado. No a voltear ni a ver. Aquí es el nuevo inicio, aquí volví a nacer. Eso es California, y no se va a ir. Algún día yo voy a ir ahí. No sé si hasta cuando sea el 2050 o 2100 pero voy a ir ahí algún día”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846830 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>“Gracias por contar mi historia”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando el brote de COVID-19 llegó a México, Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz. Planeaba quedarse en un albergue con una amiga en las afueras de Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hablamos sobre su alivio por estar lejos del centro de detención de Otay Mesa que resultó tener uno de los mayores brotes de COVID-19. Irónicamente, ser deportada pudo haberle salvado la vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por otro lado, si todavía estuviera detenida, podría haber sido entregada a un patrocinador en EE.UU., como lo han estado algunos otros detenidos transgénera, para evitar el riesgo de contraer coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero un mes después, en abril, Luna dejó una mensaje de voz. Su respiración era tan pesada y astrosa que era difícil de entender. Dijo que estaba en una unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital público de Tijuana, enferma de COVID-19. Estaban a punto de ponerle un respirador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gracias por todo”, dijo Luna con voz ronca. “Por querer contar mi historia. Ojalá la gente recuerde un poco de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego, como ha sucedido tantas veces en los últimos dos años, la conversación con Luna en WhatsApp se quedó en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finalmente, luego de varias semanas en el hospital, Luna dejó otro mensaje desde su cama de hospital. La habían desconectado del ventilador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ay, Dios, yo pensé que iba a morir”, suspiró. “Pero no, aquí la pinche Luna está todavía aquí. Aquí está todavía resistiendo todo esto. Tengo mucho que vivir, mucho que expresar todavía. Soy una mujer fuerte. He sobrevivido todo, puedo sobrevivir esto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Historias Relacionadas' tag='kqed-en-espanol']\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz diciendo que el gobierno mexicano acaba de extender su visa humanitaria por un año más. Para ella era complicado trabajar y pagar alquiler en Tijuana. Tiene síntomas persistentes de coronavirus que incluyen fatiga, dificultad para respirar y dolor en las cuerdas vocales. Su sistema inmunológico también estaba luchando para combatir el VIH. Le preocupa que su cuerpo no sea lo suficientemente fuerte para combatir otro virus, por lo que se queda en casa lo más posible para evitar volver a infectarse con COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que ella y otros migrantes están celebrando la victoria de Joe Biden y esperan que él cumpla su promesa de campaña de “poner fin a las políticas de asilo perjudiciales del presidente Trump”, que incluían dificultar la búsqueda de protección para los migrantes LGBTQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que está lista para solicitar asilo en Estados Unidos nuevamente si las cosas cambian bajo el nuevo gobierno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí estamos echándole ganas a la vida. Somos guerrilleras y hemos pasado por momentos difíciles. Tenemos esperanzas siempre, siempre sonriendole a la vida”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este reporte fue traducido por el periodista Kervy Robles y editado por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lblanco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lina Blanco\u003c/a> también contribuyeron a esta versión en español. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este proyecto contó con el apoyo de una subvención de la fundación \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women's Media\u003c/a>. Su programa de Subvenciones para reportar las historias de las mujeres recibe fondos de la organización Secular Society. \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna\u003c/a>, actriz transgénero vanguardista, dio su voz para el doblaje de Luna Guzmán en el audio \u003c/em>\u003cem>documental.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Hemos seguido la historia de Luna Guzmán por dos años, desde que llegó a Tijuana luego de haber abandonado su vieja vida en Guatemala con el sueño de llegar a California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1608620235,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":140,"wordCount":6656},"headData":{"title":"‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California | KQED","description":"Hemos seguido la historia de Luna Guzmán por dos años, desde que llegó a Tijuana luego de haber abandonado su vieja vida en Guatemala con el sueño de llegar a California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California","datePublished":"2020-12-22T00:26:05.000Z","dateModified":"2020-12-22T06:57:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11852044 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11852044","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/12/21/una-mariposa-con-las-alas-rotas-la-busqueda-de-una-solicitante-de-asilo-transgenera-para-llegar-a-california/","disqusTitle":"‘Una mariposa con las alas rotas’: La búsqueda de una solicitante de asilo transgénera para llegar a California","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2614661071.mp3","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/sasha-khokha\">Sasha Khokha\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://erin-mcintyre.com/\">Erin Siegal McIntyre\u003c/a>","path":"/news/11852044/una-mariposa-con-las-alas-rotas-la-busqueda-de-una-solicitante-de-asilo-transgenera-para-llegar-a-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11844742/a-butterfly-with-my-wings-cut-off-a-transgender-asylum-seekers-quest-to-come-to-california\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nota de editorx: Pese a que la Real Academia Española (RAE) específica el uso del término transgénero para describir y abarcar todas las experiencias trans dentro del arco de la identidad de género, hemos decidido utilizar la palabra transgénera con la intención de usar un término que mejor corresponda a las experiencias e identidad de Luna.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplió 15 años, como tantas chicas en su pueblo en Guatemala, Luna Guzmán celebró con una quinceañera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me prestaron el vestido de una compañera porque yo lloraba. Cada vez que íbamos a la escuela teníamos que pasar en frente de una tienda donde habían vestidos de novia y de quinceañera”, dijo Luna. “Yo siempre me quedaba viendo, hasta tocaba el vidrio”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El vestido que pidió prestado era de color turquesa, con una falda larga. Se quitó sus zapatos tenis, se puso los tacones y una tiara y empezó a bailar con sus amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Había un pastel, botellas de champán y chambelanes, chicos que se vistieron en trajes para acompañarla a la fiesta secreta en casa de un amigo. Ninguno de sus parientes estaba allí porque no podían imaginar a Luna como una niña transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No los puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instantes de esa fiesta de cumpleaños perduran en la memoria de Luna como un tiempo en su vida en el cual sintió verdaderamente el placer y la libertad. Era algo para saborear una y otra vez conforme iniciaba la década siguiente, cuando vestía camisetas de fútbol y trataba de parecerse al chico que sabía no llevaba por dentro. Mientras lidiaba con una violencia brutal, decidió tomar el tremendo riesgo de dejar atrás todo en Guatemala y tratar de encontrar una nueva vida en California. Las memorias eran un lugar en donde ella podía imaginarse a salvo, siendo ella misma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conocimos a Luna en un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana dos años atrás y desde entonces nos hemos mantenido en contacto con ella, durante su viaje por la frontera, donde pasó meses detenida por el Servicio de Inmigración y Control de Aduanas (ICE por sus siglas en inglés), y su búsqueda por el amparo en México. Pasamos semanas tratando desesperadamente de localizarla en una unidad de cuidados intensivos después de que ella dejara un mensaje de voz en el que había sido diagnosticada con un caso severo de COVID-19. “Gracias por contar mi historia”, dijo con voz ronca y entrecortada, apenas se reconocía su voz . “Gracias por todo. Por contar mi historia. Si muero, ojalá que la gente un día se acuerde de mí”.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/8-aYksXNNUA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>‘¿No puedes cambiar a tu hijo?’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Luna creció en las afueras de una pequeña ciudad en el área central de Guatemala, en una casa construida por palos y periódicos. Su madre vendía papas fritas en un carrito de comida y Luna ayudó a cuidar a sus tres hermanos, uno de ellos con discapacidades del desarrollo. Su padre no formó parte de su vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que era una voraz lectora, pasando horas en la biblioteca de su ciudad. En la escuela jugaba a disfrazarse con otras chicas. Luna se transformaba en una mariposa, sus alas estaban hechas de pedazos de cartón que encontraba en las calles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“La maestra siempre hablaba con mi mamá. Le decía, ‘¿Oye por qué no puedes cambiar a tu hijo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psicólogo? ¿No lo puedes llevar con un psiquiatra? Hace ver mal a mi escuela”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que su madre la defendió al principio. Cuando confesó ser gay a los 14 años, su mamá brindó con una copa de agua de jamaica. Pero a medida que Luna crecía, su madre desaprobaba los vestidos y los tacones. Su hijo, ¿vistiéndose como una mujer? Para ella, eso iba en contra de la naturaleza. Entonces Luna volvió a vestir con camisetas de fútbol y pantalones cortos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Esos desprecios ahora los entiendo”, dijo Luna. “Ella tal vez quería protegerme”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849344\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849344 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg\" alt=\"A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-800x613.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2-1536x1177.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RS45761__MG_2008_crop-qut_v2.jpg 1856w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lo largo de su vida, Luna Guzmán ha luchado para ser aceptada como mujer transgénera. Ella ha dicho que ha sido víctima de violencia brutal cuando demuestra su verdadera identidad de género como mujer. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2007\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A los 13 años, justo en la cúspide de su adolescencia, Luna fue violada por un hombre mayor que era su vecino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“En un principio decía ¿por qué a mí? Explícame ¿por qué a mí? Si hay alguien ahí arriba por qué no me explicas”, suspiró Luna. “Pero nunca obtuve esa respuesta. Nunca la obtuve. Hasta hoy en día nunca la he tenido.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna contó que poco después fue forzada a integrar una red de tráfico de personas y labor sexual. Algunos hombres de mucho poder en su pueblo la obligaron a entrar a una red de tráfico de personas. ¿Los clientes? Hombres mayores que pagaban cientos de dólares estadounidenses para dormir con niños pequeños y niñas transgénera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El tráfico de personas y la explotación sexual están desenfrenados en Guatemala, y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ha denunciado el alarmante número de menores de edad forzados a ingresar a redes de tráfico debido a la pobreza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero no había nadie que la ayudara. Los proxenetas, según Luna, tenían vínculos con la policía y los principales funcionarios públicos de la ciudad. “Si alguien intentaba denunciarlos o presentar una denuncia, lo tiraban a la basura”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos menores de edad en la red de tráfico de personas estaban infectados con enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Cuando tenía 16 años, Luna descubrió que era portadora del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, conocido también como VIH. El acoso de la gente se intensificó en una ciudad donde ya se le había arrojado piedras y manifestado que se mantuviera alejada de los niños. Luna recuerda que, una vez, algunas personas la golpearon con tanta fuerza que le rompieron la clavícula y le dijeron que se comportara como un “hombre de verdad”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mi pueblo es tan pequeño. No hay información sobre orientación sexual, sobre VIH”, dijo Luna. “No hay información de nada. Es muy cerrado (de mente)”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando cumplío 19 años, Luna cuenta que todavía la obligaban ocasionalmente a trabajar en la red de tráfico sexual. Al llegar a la edad adulta, comenzó a dar algunos pasos para recuperar el control de su vida. Se inscribió en un curso para convertirse en una bombero voluntaria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849342\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849342 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán worked as a fire fighter in her home town. She said she left the department after experiencing harassment and homophobic threats.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/IMG_0768_v3.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán trabajó como bombera en su pueblo natal. Ella dice que abandonó la cuadrilla luego de sufrir acoso y amenazas homofóbicas. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2014\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se graduó del programa de bomberos. Se sentía valerosa al rescatar personas de accidentes automovilísticos y apagar edificios en llamas. Pero luego, los otros bomberos descubrieron que era portadora del VIH y comenzaron a burlarse de ella con insultos homofóbicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soñó entonces con una salida y puso su mirada en California. Había visto vídeos del enorme desfile del orgullo LGBTQ en San Francisco. Sabía que en California no podría ser despedida o desalojada por ser transgénera, tendría derecho a obtener una identificación con el nombre que deseaba y a usar el baño que coincida con su género. También esperaba poder ganar lo suficiente dinero para pagar su transición.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dejó a su familia, el departamento de bomberos, los vecinos y los proxenetas. Tenía 22 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Se subió al famoso tren que los migrantes llaman La Bestia, que viaja de la frontera sur a la frontera norte de México. No usó vestidos en el viaje. Como ha hecho durante la mayor parte de su vida, mantuvo su cabello corto y usó camisetas y pantalones cortos de hombre por seguridad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11849343\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 694px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11849343 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán rides a train heading from Guatemala through Mexico in 2017. She travelled with several other LGBTQ migrants and said that at one point they were attacked by men armed with machetes.\" width=\"694\" height=\"390\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2.jpg 694w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/LUNA-TRAIN-2019-03-30-12-57-30_cropped_v2-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán montada en un tren, el cual la llevaría de Guatemala a México en 2017. Viajó con otros migrantes LGBTQ y dijo que una vez fueron atacados por hombres armados con machetes. \u003ccite>(Cortesía de Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Cruzando la Frontera Sin Un Respaldo Seguro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Agosto de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando Luna llegó al cruce fronterizo entre Estados Unidos y México en Otay Mesa, cerca de San Diego, le dijo a un oficial que estaba huyendo de la violencia homofóbica en Guatemala y que estaba pidiendo asilo. Sin embargo, sus esperanzas de sentirse protegida se desvanecieron al cruzar a Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me entraron a unas oficinas. Y como a los 30 minutos me arrestaron en unas cadenas en las manos, en los pies, en la cintura”, dijo Luna. “Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los agentes fronterizos no determinan las solicitudes de asilo—eso sucede más tarde—pero son responsables de la transferencia de los detenidos en custodia de ICE, donde eventualmente hablan con un oficial encargado de procesar una petición de asilo. Sin embargo, los funcionarios fronterizos no marcaron la casilla en el formulario de admisión de Luna que indica que se identificó como LGBTQ, ni la casilla que indica que podría correr un mayor riesgo de abuso sexual durante su detención.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846822\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846822 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png\" alt=\"U.S. Customs and Border Patrol “Detainee Assessment” form dated 8/9/2017. Although Luna Guzmán clearly told officials she feared homophobic violence, they did not check the box noting that she identified as LGBTQ.\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-800x490.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-1020x624.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot-160x98.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Detainee-Assess-Form-screen-shot.png 1428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un formulario titulado 'Evaluación del detenido' de la Oficina de Aduanas y Protección Fronteriza, con la fecha 9 de agosto, de 2017. Pese a que Luna Guzmán claramente le explicó a los oficiales que ella había sido un blanco de violencia homofóbica, ellos no marcaron la casilla para identificar a Luna como alguien LGBTQ. \u003ccite>(Solicitud de información bajo la Ley por la Libertad de la Información)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fue entonces cuando las cosas empezaron a complicarse. ICE finalmente le asignó a Luna una cama en la unidad de hombres s en el centro de detención de Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diez días después de que llegó a la frontera pidiendo ayuda, un oficial del Servicio y Ciudadanía de los Estados Unidos realizó una entrevista de “miedo creíble”. Fue entonces cuando Luna dijo que a veces también se vestía como mujer. El oficial denominó su historia como verídica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Semanas más tarde, una organización latina que apoya a las personas trangénero con sede cerca de Los Ángeles llamada Las Crisantemas envió una carta de apoyo a la corte de inmigración reconociendo a Luna como una mujer trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sin embargo, Luna nunca fue trasladada a una unidad de detención para mujeres transgénera, a pesar de que en 2015 ICE había acordado mejorar los estándares para las detenidas transgénera, incluido el acceso a unidades separadas de la población en general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Aquí te tratan como un criminal, solamente por eso. Se siente bien feo, te sientes como un zero a la izquierda'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No la pusieron bajo la custodia protectora que requieren sus propios estándares”, dijo Allegra Love, abogada del Santa Fe Dreamers Project, quien ha representado a cientos de mujeres transgénera detenidas en los últimos años. Ella nunca fue la abogada de Luna, pero le pedimos que revisara su caso luego de que KQED demandó a ICE para obtener sus registros de inmigración.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si alguien les dice: ‘oye, mira, soy trans, tengo disforia de género. No soy del género que crees que soy’, entonces el gobierno tiene esta responsabilidad consentida por su propia mano de tomar eso en serio y proteger a las personas de un mayor peligro”, dijo Love.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna pasó meses en la unidad de hombres antes de que su caso de asilo pudiera ser escuchado por completo, meses en los que dijo que los otros detenidos la acosaban y menospreciaban repetidamente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846829\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846829 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45759__MG_0162-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Varias rejas de seguridad rodean el centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa, ubicado al este de San Diego, donde Luna Guzmán fue detenida por ocho meses mientras esperaba presentar su solicitud para recibir asilo. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Tribunal de inmigración aplazado, largos meses detenida\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2017\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna compareció ante la jueza de inmigración Olga Attia, asignada para la corte de inmgiración en 2017 por el entonces fiscal general Jeff Sessions. A Luna se le asignó un intérprete, pero ningún abogado. Si hubiera querido uno, habría tenido que encontrarlo y pagarlo por su propia cuenta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En las grabaciones de audio de las audiencias en la corte de inmigración, Luna le dijo a la jueza que estaba preocupada de estar detenida durante tanto tiempo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es que no siempre me dan la medicina que necesito para la enfermedad crónica que yo sufro”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Desafortunadamente, no tengo jurisdicción sobre tales asuntos,” le dijo Attia. “Debe informar a los oficiales de detención de esto”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna estuvo detenida durante cinco meses antes de poder presentar oficialmente su solicitud de asilo a la jueza Attia. Luego, la jueza le informó que no había citas disponibles para conocer la profundidad de su caso hasta otros cinco meses más.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de seis meses detenida, Luna era elegible para salir bajo fianza. Los abogados de ICE no se opusieron puesto que ella no tenía antecedentes penales. La jueza fijó la fianza en 4,500 dólares, sin embargo, como muchos solicitantes de asilo, Luna no tenía forma de pagar esa cantidad de dinero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A mí me hace daño psicológicamente. Yo nunca he estado detenida, su señoría”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incapaz de tolerar su detención en una unidad de hombres, Luna realizó algo que jamás pensó que podría. Renunció a su caso de asilo y pidió ser deportada de inmediato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voy a cumplir 8 meses de estar detenida en el centro de detención'', dijo Luna a través de un intérprete. “Me siento sola. No tengo palabras para explicarle, su señoría”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incluso cuando Attia aceptó el retiro de la solicitud de asilo, no estaba claro que la jueza entendía que Luna era transgénera. Después de que el intérprete explicó que Luna se refería a sí misma con el pronombre femenino, Attia siguió llamando a Luna “señor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sólo puedo imaginar la pérdida de esperanza que alguien experimenta cuando huye de un país donde la razón por la que su vida está en peligro es porque sus instituciones se niegan a reconocer quiénes son”, dijo Love, la abogada que ha representado a decenas de personas trans detenidas provenientes de Centroamérica. “Luego llegar con un sentimiento de esperanza a un lugar donde creen que van a recibir un trato diferente, y luego que los agentes del orden y los jueces, oficiales de la corte, los rechacen inmediatamente también”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si Luna hubiera decidido permanecer detenida y continuar con su solicitud de asilo, las probabilidades estaban en su contra especialmente sin un abogado. Durante el último año de la administración de Barack Obama, se denegó el 55 por ciento de todas las peticiones de asilo. Bajo la administración de Donald Trump, esas cifras subieron a un récord del 72 por ciento en 2020, según datos del proyecto TRAC de la Universidad de Syracuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Para los solicitantes de asilo de Guatemala, la tasa es aún mayor: el 85.8 por ciento de esas solicitudes son rechazadas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En el avión chárter de ICE para transportar a Luna y otros detenidos de regreso a Guatemala, ella recuerda que tuvo un ataque de pánico, temblaba tanto que apenas podía caminar sobre la pista cuando aterrizó en Ciudad de Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que fue a quedarse con su hermana, quien se había casado con un cristiano evangélico. Sin embargo, después de unos días, su hermana le dio algo de dinero y le pidió que se marchara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No tienes un hogar conmigo como una hermana”, recordó Luna que su hermana le dijo. “Solo como un hermano”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2018\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna se fue de Guatemala y poco a poco regresó a la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México, con la esperanza de encontrar un camino de regreso a California. Conocimos a Luna mientras se hospedaba en Casa del Migrante, un refugio para migrantes en Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\"Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfó. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó\".","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Luna Guzmán","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que estaba tratando de seguir adelante como lavaplatos en un restaurante donde el dueño hacía comentarios homofóbicos. También luchaba por encontrar una clínica donde obtener su medicamento contra el VIH sin una identificación mexicana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las suelas de sus zapatos se estaban desgastando y vestía una camiseta de fútbol, su cabello era muy corto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Soy una mujer transgénera, pero no toda mi vida voy a vivir vestido como un niño. Yo quiero que el día de mañana todas las personas que me conocen digan , ‘Luna. Triunfo. Luna luchó por sus sueños y los alcanzó”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846832\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846832 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\".' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45762__MG_2087-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán posa enfrente de un mural en Tijuana. Cuando era pequeña, ella se disfrazaba como una mariposa. Mientras estaba detenida, dijo que se sentía como \"una mariposa con las alas rotas\". \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un mes después, Luna mandó un mensaje vía WhatsApp para decir que sabía que su sueño de venir a California probablemente terminó porque había renunciado a su solicitud de asilo el año anterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero luego, unas semanas más tarde, envió un vídeo suyo, de pie, en un lugar con mucho viento, y con el muro fronterizo detrás de ella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¡Mira!” exclamó Luna. “¡Crucé! Te veré en San Francisco, junto al puente Golden Gate para tomar un café”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WhatsApp se mantuvo en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Febrero de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recibimos finalmente una llamada que debimos pagar del centro de detención de Otay Mesa. Luna dijo a través de la línea telefónica desafinada que estaba en la misma celda y en la misma cama en la que se había quedado el año pasado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Le quita las alas a una mariposa, así me siento yo ahora”, dijo Luna. “He sido una prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>12 de marzo de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de que Luna estuvo detenida durante unas seis semanas, ICE nos concedió permiso para entrevistarla en persona en Otay Mesa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seguimos a un guardia a una sala de espera con otras familias. Un letrero sobre el escritorio de metal gris de un guardia decía: “la esperanza es el ancla del alma. Sé agradecido”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando llamaron nuestros nombres, pasamos por una puerta pesada hasta donde Luna estaba sentada en una pequeña habitación. Vestía sandalias Crocs azules, calcetines marrones y un uniforme azul con la palabra “detenida” estampada en la espalda con letras blancas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846827\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846827 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45757__MG_0143-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sasha Khokha de The California Report entrevistó a Luna Guzmán dentro del centro de detención de migrantes Otay Mesa en marzo de 2019. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Se veía demacrada y exhausta, pero sus ojos aún brillaban. Su cabello era muy corto. Luna dijo que tuvo que cortárselo todo después de que un hombre le quitara un trozo de cabello con una navaja.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me dijo que no toleraba a los homosexuales y me cortó con la navaja”, dijo Luna. “De un rastrillo de una rasuradora me cortó mi cabello. Fue muy duro para mí porque me dijo que si yo me quejaba con los oficiales me iba a ir peor”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo además que eso sucedió en el Centro Correccional Metropolitano, una cárcel federal en San Diego, donde estuvo detenida durante aproximadamente una semana después de que los agentes de la patrulla fronteriza la recogieran. Fue acusada allí del delito federal de reingreso ilegal a Estados Unidos, luego de que el presidente Trump intensificara los enjuiciamientos bajo una política de “cero tolerancia”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero el acoso sexual en el centro de detención de ICE fue aún peor, agregó Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí hay personas que nos tocan el trasero, que nos tocan las bubis que nos miran cuando nos estamos bañando”, dijo Luna. “ Quieren que nos enseñen sus partes. Yo no quiero estar más tiempo acá. Yo sé que si yo me meto una queja, no me van a hacer caso. Yo se que no me van a hacer caso”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Además, Luna dijo que no le alcanzaba el dinero para comprarse champú o bocadillos en la tienda del centro de detención. Agregó que otros presos se ofrecieron a comprárselos a cambio de favores sexuales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yo no voy a hacer algo que no me guste por una sopa que vale 60 centavos de dólar”, dijo Luna. Yo no voy a estar haciendo cosas malas, tener sexo con nadie acá. Toda la discriminación que vivimos allá afuera, acá es peor porque acá es otro mundo. Acá es un mundo de la discriminación y la homofobia y el acoso es súper grandísimo. Es peor que allá afuera. Porque acá no tienes para dónde ir, acá está todo cerrado”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Un estudio en 2018 encontró que los inmigrantes LGBTQ tienen casi 100 veces más probabilidades de ser acosados o agredidos sexualmente durante una detención de ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He sido prisionera en mi propio cuerpo, ahora soy una prisionera aquí”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que no quería llorar delante de nosotros. Quería ser la persona fuerte que nos había impresionado con su coraje y tenacidad cuando la conocimos en Tijuana cuatro meses atrás.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero después de nuestra entrevista nos asomamos por una ventana de la pequeña habitación. Tenía la cabeza sobre la mesa y sollozaba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846828\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846828 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45758__MG_0156-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán llora cabizbaja después de su entrevista con las reporteras Sasha Khokha y Erin Siegal McIntyre. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre. )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>El segundo período de detención de Luna solo duró un par de meses. ICE trató de deportarla lo antes posible: había reingresado a Estados Unidos escalando la valla fronteriza y violó la prohibición de cinco años de reingreso que se le impuso cuando fue deportada por primera vez. Ahora se le prohibió regresar al país en 20 años.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esta era la segunda vez que estaba detenida y todavía no tenía abogado. Nadie que le ofrezca una alternativa al asilo, algo llamado “Retención de la Expulsión”, que ha permitido que algunas mujeres trans de Centroamérica se queden en Estados Unidos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella”, dijo Love. “Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribiéndose en una universidad comunitaria o, ya sabes, consiguiendo su primer apartamento o, de hecho, obteniendo su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos y una green card o permiso de residencia. Pero en cambio, no se le proporcionó el proceso que se merecía”.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“No es seguro que te quedes en Guatemala”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo 27 de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna fue deportada por segunda vez a la Ciudad de Guatemala. KQED contrató a un equipo de filmación para encontrarse con ella cuando bajara del avión.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contó cuatro dólares estadounidense de una bolsa de plástico marcada como “propiedad personal”, dinero ganado trabajando en la lavandería del centro de detención. Se pasó la mano por la cara, como queriendo que todo desapareciera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego se dirigió a la Asociación Lambda, una organización LGBTQ en la Ciudad de Guatemala que ayuda a los deportados, que después de escuchar su historia, un empleado de admisión le dijo a Luna que no era seguro quedarse en Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Su perfil es de alto riesgo”, dijo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No necesitaba recordarle sobre las mujeres trans que fueron asesinadas recientemente después de haber sido deportadas a Centroamérica. El empleado de admisión dijo también que le preocupaba que los proxenetas en su ciudad natal pudieran tener conexiones en la Ciudad de Guatemala y rastrearla.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consiguió una casa segura en un lugar secreto, pero Luna decidió irse después de pasar una noche allí. Se negó a sentirse encerrada de nuevo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A estas alturas llevábamos cinco meses informando sobre la historia de Luna. Algunos oyentes transgéneros de California Report en Modesto que escucharon una de las historias, la contactaron y le enviaron 80 dólares, dinero que la ayudó a salir de Guatemala nuevamente y emprender otro viaje de regreso a la frontera. También organizaron un \u003cem>drag show\u003c/em> dedicado a Luna.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/XkR9vHtM9T8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Abril y julio de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Después de unos meses más, Luna encontró la manera de salir de Guatemala y regresar a México. Solicitó una visa humanitaria para quedarse temporalmente y encontró trabajo haciendo tortillas en un restaurante de Tapachula. Conoció a algunos nuevos amigos, otros migrantes transgéneros.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pronto, llena de valor por sus nuevos amigos, decidió vestirse de mujer nuevamente para cenar con ellos en un café local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La mañana siguiente, a las 6 a.m. llamó llorando. Dijo que había sido violada por cinco hombres armados, que la secuestraron mientras esperaba un taxi después de cenar. Dijo que la golpearon y la patearon en los riñones, donde se estaba recuperando de una reciente infección.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Por qué tengo que sufrir tanto? ¿Por qué la vida es injusta conmigo?”, sollozó Luna. “¿Por qué cuando demuestro la persona que soy, siempre me va mal, eso es lo que no entiendo”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que tenía demasiado miedo de presentar una demanda ante la policía mexicana, porque probablemente no harían más que reírse de ella y decir cosas homofóbicas. Me envió una publicación en Facebook sobre la muerte de un activista gay, Juan Ruiz Nicolás, quien fue asesinado en Tapachula, el pueblo donde se hospedaba cerca de la frontera con Guatemala.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Si ella se hubiera asociado con un buen abogado de asilo, ahora mismo estaríamos teniendo una conversación realmente diferente sobre ella. Podríamos estar hablando de ella ahora en 2020, inscribirse en un colegio comunitario o, ya sabes, conseguir su primer apartamento o, de hecho, conseguir su residencia legal permanente en Estados Unidos'.","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Allegra Love, abogada con Santa Fe Dreamers Project","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Como no reportó la violación a nadie, es difícil confirmar que Luna fue agredida. Esto es parte de la paradoja de los solicitantes de asilo. Se espera que documenten y prueben las cosas horribles que les han sucedido, pero con demasiada frecuencia, el acto de demandar estos abusos podría ponerlos en mayor peligro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por supuesto, como periodistas, hemos hecho todo lo posible para examinar su historia. KQED incluso demandó al Departamento de Seguridad Nacional para obtener los registros de Luna. Pero cuando se trata de lo que sucedió a Luna en Guatemala o México, no hay forma de probar el tráfico y la violencia. Llevaba tanto tiempo en tránsito, viviendo en la calle y en refugios, que tiene poca documentación de su vida. Aún así, la historia de Luna es consistente con lo que han encontrado los defensores y las investigaciones sobre el trato de los detenidos inmigrantes transgéneros y portadores de VIH. Mucho de esto también se refleja en su solicitud de asilo y en sus registros médicos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna finalmente recibió una visa humanitaria temporal y una tarjeta de identificación mexicana, válida por un año. El gobierno mexicano la envió de regreso a Tijuana, a una casa segura para refugiados LGBTQ llamada Casa Arcoíris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846833\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45763__MG_2127-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán camina por las calles de Tijuana con sus amistades de Casa Arcoíris, un albergue para refugiados LGBTQ provenientes de todo el mundo que esperan en México para recibir asilo en los Estados Unidos. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Octubre de 2019\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>En octubre decidimos volver a visitarla en Tijuana para saber cómo estaba. Pero no pudimos encontrarnos con ella en la casa donde se quedaba porque querían mantener la ubicación en secreto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nos encontramos con Luna y uno de sus nuevos compañeros refugiados en un enorme supermercado donde compraban frijoles secos, zanahorias y repollo. Cada uno de ellos se turnaron para cocinar un platillo de su país de origen para los otros habitantes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Une amige no binario de Honduras, que no quiso dar su nombre por seguridad, dijo que Luna es bien querida en la casa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Se ha encariñado con todo el mundo. Todo el mundo la aprecia mucho”, dijo une compañere refugiados de Luna. \u003cspan style=\"color: #ff0000\"> \u003c/span>\"Ha compartido su historia. La comunidad LGBT nos hace una conexión como familia\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esa comunidad, esa estabilidad, cambiaron las cosas para Luna. Llevaba vestido y lápiz labial con más frecuencia, se reía más con sus nuevos amigos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846825\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846825 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg\" alt=\"En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad.\" width=\"800\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-800x632.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-1020x805.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych-160x126.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Luna_diptych.jpg 1368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">En Tijuana, Luna Guzmán ha logrado expresar y explorar su identidad de género con más libertad. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Luna Guzmán)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pero su semblante cambió cuando nos llevó a ver la sección de la valla fronteriza por donde cruzó la última vez que vino a California. Señaló ardillas y libélulas que volaban entre los listones de la cerca, entre países, sin siquiera saberlo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es algo que los humanos se nos limita a veces, verdad, que no tenemos esa libertad”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Le preguntamos qué pensaba mientras miraba a través de los barrotes de la cerca hacia California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Es un muro que mata sueños, que quita todo”, dijo Luna “Yo dije de este muro para acá, voy a dejar todo mi pasado. No a voltear ni a ver. Aquí es el nuevo inicio, aquí volví a nacer. Eso es California, y no se va a ir. Algún día yo voy a ir ahí. No sé si hasta cuando sea el 2050 o 2100 pero voy a ir ahí algún día”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11846830\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11846830 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45760__MG_1096-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Guzmán mira a través de la valla fronteriza en Tijuana, desde el mismo sitio en donde cruzó la frontera en enero de 2019 cuando intentaba entrar a California por segunda vez. Había sido deportada anteriormente luego de que abandonó su solicitud de asilo ya que no podía aguantar más meses largos de sufrir acosos y abusos en el centro de detención. \u003ccite>(Erin Siegal McIntyre)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>“Gracias por contar mi historia”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Marzo de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuando el brote de COVID-19 llegó a México, Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz. Planeaba quedarse en un albergue con una amiga en las afueras de Ensenada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hablamos sobre su alivio por estar lejos del centro de detención de Otay Mesa que resultó tener uno de los mayores brotes de COVID-19. Irónicamente, ser deportada pudo haberle salvado la vida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por otro lado, si todavía estuviera detenida, podría haber sido entregada a un patrocinador en EE.UU., como lo han estado algunos otros detenidos transgénera, para evitar el riesgo de contraer coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pero un mes después, en abril, Luna dejó una mensaje de voz. Su respiración era tan pesada y astrosa que era difícil de entender. Dijo que estaba en una unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital público de Tijuana, enferma de COVID-19. Estaban a punto de ponerle un respirador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gracias por todo”, dijo Luna con voz ronca. “Por querer contar mi historia. Ojalá la gente recuerde un poco de mí”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luego, como ha sucedido tantas veces en los últimos dos años, la conversación con Luna en WhatsApp se quedó en silencio durante semanas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finalmente, luego de varias semanas en el hospital, Luna dejó otro mensaje desde su cama de hospital. La habían desconectado del ventilador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ay, Dios, yo pensé que iba a morir”, suspiró. “Pero no, aquí la pinche Luna está todavía aquí. Aquí está todavía resistiendo todo esto. Tengo mucho que vivir, mucho que expresar todavía. Soy una mujer fuerte. He sobrevivido todo, puedo sobrevivir esto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Historias Relacionadas ","tag":"kqed-en-espanol"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Noviembre de 2020\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna nos dejó un mensaje de voz diciendo que el gobierno mexicano acaba de extender su visa humanitaria por un año más. Para ella era complicado trabajar y pagar alquiler en Tijuana. Tiene síntomas persistentes de coronavirus que incluyen fatiga, dificultad para respirar y dolor en las cuerdas vocales. Su sistema inmunológico también estaba luchando para combatir el VIH. Le preocupa que su cuerpo no sea lo suficientemente fuerte para combatir otro virus, por lo que se queda en casa lo más posible para evitar volver a infectarse con COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo también que ella y otros migrantes están celebrando la victoria de Joe Biden y esperan que él cumpla su promesa de campaña de “poner fin a las políticas de asilo perjudiciales del presidente Trump”, que incluían dificultar la búsqueda de protección para los migrantes LGBTQ.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luna dijo que está lista para solicitar asilo en Estados Unidos nuevamente si las cosas cambian bajo el nuevo gobierno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aquí estamos echándole ganas a la vida. Somos guerrilleras y hemos pasado por momentos difíciles. Tenemos esperanzas siempre, siempre sonriendole a la vida”, dijo Luna.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este reporte fue traducido por el periodista Kervy Robles y editado por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amorga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adriana Morga\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a> y \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/lblanco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lina Blanco\u003c/a> también contribuyeron a esta versión en español. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Este proyecto contó con el apoyo de una subvención de la fundación \u003ca href=\"https://www.iwmf.org/\">International Women's Media\u003c/a>. Su programa de Subvenciones para reportar las historias de las mujeres recibe fondos de la organización Secular Society. \u003ca href=\"https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10656367/\">Zoey Luna\u003c/a>, actriz transgénero vanguardista, dio su voz para el doblaje de Luna Guzmán en el audio \u003c/em>\u003cem>documental.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11852044/una-mariposa-con-las-alas-rotas-la-busqueda-de-una-solicitante-de-asilo-transgenera-para-llegar-a-california","authors":["byline_news_11852044"],"categories":["news_28523"],"tags":["news_28954","news_23087","news_20458","news_20575","news_24253","news_28586","news_21691","news_21027","news_20202","news_28535","news_27775","news_28444","news_1435","news_23797","news_24942","news_2486","news_28955","news_3173"],"featImg":"news_11846826","label":"news"},"news_11707691":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11707691","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11707691","score":null,"sort":[1548518411000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"letter-to-my-california-dreamer-discovering-my-true-self-in-modesto","title":"Letter to My California Dreamer: Discovering My True Self in Modesto","publishDate":1548518411,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Letter to My CA Dreamer | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>For our series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Letter to My California Dreamer,\"\u003c/a> we’re asking Californians from all walks of life to write a short letter to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>What happened to it?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a letter from Toni Rodriguez to himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Self,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You grew up in the “Boogie Down” Bronx of New York. Your childhood memories consist of steel, rubble, and moonlight over vacant lots. You dreamt a lot. Mostly about sunny skies, endless deserts, beautiful foliage, surfing with the Beach Boys, and hiking over something other than concrete. You listened to your favorite song “California Dreaming” by the Mamas and the Papas, especially during the harsh winters. But you never stopped dreaming about leaving your concrete jungle to go to the Golden State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715778\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715778\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-800x690.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"690\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-800x690.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-160x138.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-1020x880.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-1200x1035.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut.jpg 1844w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni (11 years old) gets a new football video game for Christmas. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">That day arrived when you became a truck driver. You started delivering from the East Coast to the West Coast. On your way to Fontana, California, you would often go off route to drive along the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">After a few years of trucking, you settled down and got married in the Midwest. You began driving regionally, leaving you nowhere near the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">When you later enrolled in nursing school, you missed the smell of the desert and the excitement of a road trip adventure. Making ends meet in your new career became a challenge, but you found travel nursing as a lucrative option. So, you applied for your California nursing license and after receiving it, you decided on a travel contract in Modesto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715786\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 442px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11715786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"442\" height=\"641\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut.jpg 442w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni's high school senior portrait, 18 years old. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">The cost of living there seemed reasonable and it was centrally located to all the places you wanted to see in California. You ended up loving Modesto, going so far as to apply for a permanent position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">The distance from Kentucky took a toll on your marriage. It led to a separation and ultimately a divorce. But it wasn't hard for you to leave the Blue Grass state. You spent years as a Kentucky taxpayer, unwittingly funding projects and decisions you did not agree with. From a Creationist museum to a law team hired to fight against gay marriage to the sponsoring of a “bathroom bill” against transgender people, the oppression had become stifling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Meanwhile, in the Golden State, you were discovering yourself and the real you wanted to come out. With the unwavering support of your Modesto coworkers, you got the courage to be who you really are. When you announced your transition from female to male, no one batted an eyelid in your new office job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Being a transgender male in such a supportive environment helped you gain confidence as both a quality assurance RN and a male. The office aspect of the job has given you plenty of opportunity to master the classic bow tie, a skill that hasn’t gone unnoticed among your male colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715789\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715789\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-800x615.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"615\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-800x615.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-1020x785.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-1200x923.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut.jpg 1486w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni, before, and after, two years later. He had gender reaffirming surgery for his chest in December 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Thank you for never giving up on the California Dream. Now, I feel I’m finally home. I have my sunny skies, endless deserts, beautiful foliage, surfing at the beach (though not with the Beach Boys), and I can hike over something other than concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003cbr>\nToni\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Toni Rodriguez never gave up on the California Dream. When he finally left the Midwest he got the courage to transition from female to male. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1549066731,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":607},"headData":{"title":"Letter to My California Dreamer: Discovering My True Self in Modesto | KQED","description":"Toni Rodriguez never gave up on the California Dream. When he finally left the Midwest he got the courage to transition from female to male. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Letter to My California Dreamer: Discovering My True Self in Modesto","datePublished":"2019-01-26T16:00:11.000Z","dateModified":"2019-02-02T00:18:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11707691 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11707691","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/01/26/letter-to-my-california-dreamer-discovering-my-true-self-in-modesto/","disqusTitle":"Letter to My California Dreamer: Discovering My True Self in Modesto","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2019/01/TransTrucker.mp3","nprByline":"Toni Rodriguez","audioTrackLength":224,"path":"/news/11707691/letter-to-my-california-dreamer-discovering-my-true-self-in-modesto","audioDuration":236000,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For our series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Letter to My California Dreamer,\"\u003c/a> we’re asking Californians from all walks of life to write a short letter to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>What happened to it?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a letter from Toni Rodriguez to himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Self,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You grew up in the “Boogie Down” Bronx of New York. Your childhood memories consist of steel, rubble, and moonlight over vacant lots. You dreamt a lot. Mostly about sunny skies, endless deserts, beautiful foliage, surfing with the Beach Boys, and hiking over something other than concrete. You listened to your favorite song “California Dreaming” by the Mamas and the Papas, especially during the harsh winters. But you never stopped dreaming about leaving your concrete jungle to go to the Golden State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715778\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715778\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-800x690.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"690\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-800x690.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-160x138.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-1020x880.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut-1200x1035.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34599_received_2146855858976468_1-qut.jpg 1844w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni (11 years old) gets a new football video game for Christmas. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">That day arrived when you became a truck driver. You started delivering from the East Coast to the West Coast. On your way to Fontana, California, you would often go off route to drive along the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">After a few years of trucking, you settled down and got married in the Midwest. You began driving regionally, leaving you nowhere near the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">When you later enrolled in nursing school, you missed the smell of the desert and the excitement of a road trip adventure. Making ends meet in your new career became a challenge, but you found travel nursing as a lucrative option. So, you applied for your California nursing license and after receiving it, you decided on a travel contract in Modesto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715786\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 442px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11715786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"442\" height=\"641\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut.jpg 442w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34600_Attach617_20181118_155433_1-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni's high school senior portrait, 18 years old. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">The cost of living there seemed reasonable and it was centrally located to all the places you wanted to see in California. You ended up loving Modesto, going so far as to apply for a permanent position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">The distance from Kentucky took a toll on your marriage. It led to a separation and ultimately a divorce. But it wasn't hard for you to leave the Blue Grass state. You spent years as a Kentucky taxpayer, unwittingly funding projects and decisions you did not agree with. From a Creationist museum to a law team hired to fight against gay marriage to the sponsoring of a “bathroom bill” against transgender people, the oppression had become stifling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Meanwhile, in the Golden State, you were discovering yourself and the real you wanted to come out. With the unwavering support of your Modesto coworkers, you got the courage to be who you really are. When you announced your transition from female to male, no one batted an eyelid in your new office job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Being a transgender male in such a supportive environment helped you gain confidence as both a quality assurance RN and a male. The office aspect of the job has given you plenty of opportunity to master the classic bow tie, a skill that hasn’t gone unnoticed among your male colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715789\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715789\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-800x615.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"615\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-800x615.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-160x123.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-1020x785.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut-1200x923.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/RS34603_IMG_20190103_114429_1-qut.jpg 1486w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Toni, before, and after, two years later. He had gender reaffirming surgery for his chest in December 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Toni Rodriguez.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Thank you for never giving up on the California Dream. Now, I feel I’m finally home. I have my sunny skies, endless deserts, beautiful foliage, surfing at the beach (though not with the Beach Boys), and I can hike over something other than concrete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003cbr>\nToni\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11707691/letter-to-my-california-dreamer-discovering-my-true-self-in-modesto","authors":["byline_news_11707691"],"programs":["news_72"],"series":["news_24148"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_23499","news_23351","news_1435","news_20732","news_2486"],"featImg":"news_11721348","label":"news_72"},"news_11671527":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11671527","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11671527","score":null,"sort":[1527798185000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"as-republican-jeff-denham-pushes-to-extend-daca-how-do-voters-feel","title":"As Republican Jeff Denham Pushes to Extend DACA, How Do Voters Feel?","publishDate":1527798185,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California Republican congressman Jeff Denham (R-Turlock) is among a group of lawmakers bucking his own party and trying to \u003ca href=\"https://riponadvance.com/stories/support-queen-hill-rule-denham-hurd-dreamer-bill-edges-closer-house-floor/\">force an immigration vote\u003c/a> in the House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's \u003ca href=\"https://denham.house.gov/uploadedfiles/usa_act_one_pager_-_english.pdf\">supporting a bill\u003c/a> that would extend the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA), which provides protections to immigrants who were brought into the country illegally as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Democrats \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/politics-government/election/article205419754.html\">targeting his seat\u003c/a>, Denham needs to appeal to moderates, without angering the Republican base. That could be tricky in a district that went for Democrat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. The \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/60day-stwddirprim-2018/congressional.pdf\">most recent data\u003c/a> show 38.51 percent of voters registered as Democrats, 35.66 percent as Republicans and 20.51 percent as no party preference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An unscientific sampling of voters found a wide range of feelings about the four-term incumbent congressman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671557\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671557\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"People gather for a public concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People gather for a public concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza, Bill Heyden sat in a folding chair and watched as the band warmed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property manager and one-time DJ already cast his mail-in ballot for Denham, and is generally supportive of tougher immigration policies. But he said kids shouldn’t be punished for their parents’ decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents are the ones who knew all along what they were doing and went along with the program,\" Heyden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Runners prepare to start a Memorial Day 5K in Modesto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Runners prepare to start a Memorial Day 5K in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Heyden’s view echoed those of several other concertgoers. But opinions were a bit more mixed at a Memorial Day 5K race the next day. Ernestina Santana was there to cheer on her husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Go Jesse! Go, babe, go! Come on, babe,\" she yelled as he ran by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santana voted for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and generally considers herself a Democrat. She’s not a supporter of Denham, but \u003cem>does\u003c/em> like his efforts to extend DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, it’s very important. It’s a lot of children, young adults that are going to be affected by it,\" she said. \"So they shouldn’t have to live in fear, in limbo of not knowing what their future is going to hold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that morning people were already lined up out the door of Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop, a local favorite. But the line moved quickly as boxes of glazed, sprinkled and chocolate doughnuts were quickly packed up and handed off to eager customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671563\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671563\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Donuts at Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop in Modesto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Donuts at Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among those waiting was Peter Lejeck, who called Denham’s efforts to extend DACA \"a last-ditch effort to get re-elected.” Lejeck said he’d been hoping to get Denham voted out of office for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has done nothing for us in this area and just repeatedly done things that are bad for us,\" Lejeck said. \"I mean, we heavily depended on the Obamacare and he voted to repeal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham is also facing pushback from people who used to support him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In downtown Modesto, members of the conservative Central Valley Patriots recently held a “Constitutional March.” Several in the group said Denham has lost touch with his constituents. Member Terry Koster said he’s supporting a Republican challenger to Denham in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jeff Denham has turned his back on us,\" Koster said. \"And now he’s promoting illegal aliens. Which, nobody has a problem with legal immigration. What we have a problem with is breaking rules and coming into the country and cutting in the line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671565\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-800x545.jpg\" alt=\"A booth at the Modesto Farmer's Market.\" width=\"800\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-800x545.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1200x818.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-960x654.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-375x255.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A booth at the Modesto farmers market. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A couple of blocks away at the Modesto farmers market, people strolled along with arms full of flowers, strawberries and tomatoes. Farmer John Bava watched it all. He grows almonds, walnuts and mushrooms. Bava said he has probably voted for Denham at some point but is undecided at the moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s frustrated by the lack of progress in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, nobody gets along in this country anymore,\" Bava said. \"I have to sit out there in the county, I gotta get along with the workers, I gotta get along with the city management, I gotta get along with the county officials, I got the ag commissioners. If we don’t get along, nothing gets done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bava said he's ready for a political change and is considering his options. That thinking could mean trouble for Denham, but Republican political consultant Rob Stutzman said Denham has faced challenges before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Denham is a proven vote-getter in the valley for a couple decades. He’s faced well-funded challengers and even a recall when he was a state senator,\" Stutzman said. \"The Democrats have never been able to topple him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stutzman said efforts to push through a DACA fix show he's in touch with what his voters want.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The California congressman is bucking his own party and leading an effort to force an immigration vote in the House.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1527801749,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":25,"wordCount":847},"headData":{"title":"As Republican Jeff Denham Pushes to Extend DACA, How Do Voters Feel? | KQED","description":"The California congressman is bucking his own party and leading an effort to force an immigration vote in the House.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"As Republican Jeff Denham Pushes to Extend DACA, How Do Voters Feel?","datePublished":"2018-05-31T20:23:05.000Z","dateModified":"2018-05-31T21:22:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11671527 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11671527","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/05/31/as-republican-jeff-denham-pushes-to-extend-daca-how-do-voters-feel/","disqusTitle":"As Republican Jeff Denham Pushes to Extend DACA, How Do Voters Feel?","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/05/DenhamModestoOrr180531.mp3","path":"/news/11671527/as-republican-jeff-denham-pushes-to-extend-daca-how-do-voters-feel","audioDuration":201000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Republican congressman Jeff Denham (R-Turlock) is among a group of lawmakers bucking his own party and trying to \u003ca href=\"https://riponadvance.com/stories/support-queen-hill-rule-denham-hurd-dreamer-bill-edges-closer-house-floor/\">force an immigration vote\u003c/a> in the House of Representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's \u003ca href=\"https://denham.house.gov/uploadedfiles/usa_act_one_pager_-_english.pdf\">supporting a bill\u003c/a> that would extend the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA), which provides protections to immigrants who were brought into the country illegally as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Democrats \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/politics-government/election/article205419754.html\">targeting his seat\u003c/a>, Denham needs to appeal to moderates, without angering the Republican base. That could be tricky in a district that went for Democrat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. The \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/60day-stwddirprim-2018/congressional.pdf\">most recent data\u003c/a> show 38.51 percent of voters registered as Democrats, 35.66 percent as Republicans and 20.51 percent as no party preference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An unscientific sampling of voters found a wide range of feelings about the four-term incumbent congressman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671557\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671557\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"People gather for a public concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31210_Concert-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People gather for a public concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a concert in Modesto's 10th Street Plaza, Bill Heyden sat in a folding chair and watched as the band warmed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property manager and one-time DJ already cast his mail-in ballot for Denham, and is generally supportive of tougher immigration policies. But he said kids shouldn’t be punished for their parents’ decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents are the ones who knew all along what they were doing and went along with the program,\" Heyden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671560\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671560\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Runners prepare to start a Memorial Day 5K in Modesto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31213_Race-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Runners prepare to start a Memorial Day 5K in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Heyden’s view echoed those of several other concertgoers. But opinions were a bit more mixed at a Memorial Day 5K race the next day. Ernestina Santana was there to cheer on her husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Go Jesse! Go, babe, go! Come on, babe,\" she yelled as he ran by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santana voted for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and generally considers herself a Democrat. She’s not a supporter of Denham, but \u003cem>does\u003c/em> like his efforts to extend DACA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, it’s very important. It’s a lot of children, young adults that are going to be affected by it,\" she said. \"So they shouldn’t have to live in fear, in limbo of not knowing what their future is going to hold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later that morning people were already lined up out the door of Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop, a local favorite. But the line moved quickly as boxes of glazed, sprinkled and chocolate doughnuts were quickly packed up and handed off to eager customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671563\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671563\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Donuts at Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop in Modesto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31212_Donuts-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Donuts at Mr. T's Delicate Donut Shop in Modesto. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among those waiting was Peter Lejeck, who called Denham’s efforts to extend DACA \"a last-ditch effort to get re-elected.” Lejeck said he’d been hoping to get Denham voted out of office for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He has done nothing for us in this area and just repeatedly done things that are bad for us,\" Lejeck said. \"I mean, we heavily depended on the Obamacare and he voted to repeal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denham is also facing pushback from people who used to support him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In downtown Modesto, members of the conservative Central Valley Patriots recently held a “Constitutional March.” Several in the group said Denham has lost touch with his constituents. Member Terry Koster said he’s supporting a Republican challenger to Denham in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jeff Denham has turned his back on us,\" Koster said. \"And now he’s promoting illegal aliens. Which, nobody has a problem with legal immigration. What we have a problem with is breaking rules and coming into the country and cutting in the line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671565\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-800x545.jpg\" alt=\"A booth at the Modesto Farmer's Market.\" width=\"800\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-800x545.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1020x695.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1200x818.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-1180x804.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-960x654.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-375x255.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RS31211_Farmers-market-qut-520x354.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A booth at the Modesto farmers market. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A couple of blocks away at the Modesto farmers market, people strolled along with arms full of flowers, strawberries and tomatoes. Farmer John Bava watched it all. He grows almonds, walnuts and mushrooms. Bava said he has probably voted for Denham at some point but is undecided at the moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s frustrated by the lack of progress in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, nobody gets along in this country anymore,\" Bava said. \"I have to sit out there in the county, I gotta get along with the workers, I gotta get along with the city management, I gotta get along with the county officials, I got the ag commissioners. If we don’t get along, nothing gets done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bava said he's ready for a political change and is considering his options. That thinking could mean trouble for Denham, but Republican political consultant Rob Stutzman said Denham has faced challenges before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Denham is a proven vote-getter in the valley for a couple decades. He’s faced well-funded challengers and even a recall when he was a state senator,\" Stutzman said. \"The Democrats have never been able to topple him.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stutzman said efforts to push through a DACA fix show he's in touch with what his voters want.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11671527/as-republican-jeff-denham-pushes-to-extend-daca-how-do-voters-feel","authors":["11200"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1169","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_23241","news_20226","news_20415","news_20191","news_23228","news_4874","news_1435","news_17041","news_244"],"featImg":"news_11671727","label":"news_72"},"news_11653000":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11653000","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11653000","score":null,"sort":[1520112108000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"this-financier-put-the-modest-in-modesto","title":"This Financier Put the 'Modest' in Modesto","publishDate":1520112108,"format":"audio","headTitle":"A Place Called What?! | The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>A lot of us Californians like to hit the open road, explore miles of highway and venture off onto some back roads. Sometimes, we come across towns with some pretty bizarre and surprising names. For this installment in our series “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/a-place-called-what/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a>” we head to Modesto in Stanislaus County. Know an unusual place name in California? Tell us about it in the comments below, or send a note to calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wayne Mathes, a 40-year resident of Modesto, knows a lot about his city. \"The town basically popped up overnight,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11653662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Walter_B._Wood_House-e1520111768414.jpg\" alt=\"Built in 1877, the Walter B. Wood House is one of Modesto's few remaining examples of Victorian architecture. The building is listed in the National Registry of Historic Places.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1754\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Built in 1877, the Walter B. Wood House is one of Modesto's few remaining examples of Victorian architecture. The building is listed in the National Registry of Historic Places. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mathes, who works as the cultural services program director for Modesto, says the city was supposed to be named after William Ralston, a powerful financier who started the Bank of California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He declined to have the town named after himself,\" Mathes says. A person involved in the layout of the town said the financier was modest. \"The Spanish word for modest is 'modesto,' and that's how Modesto got its name,\" Mathes explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modesto was founded in 1870 as a result of the railroad coming down through the Central Valley. Mathes says people living in the surrounding river towns \"packed up all of their belongings including their houses and literally moved them to Modesto,\" because the railroad was a more dependable source of transportation compared to the rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11653661\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Modesto_High_School_Built_in_1918_Modesto_Calif_71531-e1520111587172.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration of the Modesto High School, built in 1918.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1249\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration of the Modesto High School, built in 1918. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some buildings in surrounding towns were taken apart brick by brick and then rebuilt in Modesto. \"It was a major operation,\" Mathes says. The Ross House Hotel, originally built in Paradise City, was \"literally cut in half,\" Mathes says. The first half of the hotel was moved successfully and made it to Modesto in November 1870 but the second half didn't make it until January 1871. \"The hotel had been put back together,\" Mathes says, \"and they had a grand opening here in Modesto.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"You've probably heard of Modesto. Ever wonder why it's named after the Spanish word for 'modest?'","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1520381274,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":357},"headData":{"title":"This Financier Put the 'Modest' in Modesto | KQED","description":"You've probably heard of Modesto. Ever wonder why it's named after the Spanish word for 'modest?'","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"This Financier Put the 'Modest' in Modesto","datePublished":"2018-03-03T21:21:48.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-07T00:07:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11653000 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11653000","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/03/03/this-financier-put-the-modest-in-modesto/","disqusTitle":"This Financier Put the 'Modest' in Modesto","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/03/PlaceCalledModesto.mp3","path":"/news/11653000/this-financier-put-the-modest-in-modesto","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>A lot of us Californians like to hit the open road, explore miles of highway and venture off onto some back roads. Sometimes, we come across towns with some pretty bizarre and surprising names. For this installment in our series “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/a-place-called-what/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a>” we head to Modesto in Stanislaus County. Know an unusual place name in California? Tell us about it in the comments below, or send a note to calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wayne Mathes, a 40-year resident of Modesto, knows a lot about his city. \"The town basically popped up overnight,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11653662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Walter_B._Wood_House-e1520111768414.jpg\" alt=\"Built in 1877, the Walter B. Wood House is one of Modesto's few remaining examples of Victorian architecture. The building is listed in the National Registry of Historic Places.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1754\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Built in 1877, the Walter B. Wood House is one of Modesto's few remaining examples of Victorian architecture. The building is listed in the National Registry of Historic Places. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mathes, who works as the cultural services program director for Modesto, says the city was supposed to be named after William Ralston, a powerful financier who started the Bank of California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He declined to have the town named after himself,\" Mathes says. A person involved in the layout of the town said the financier was modest. \"The Spanish word for modest is 'modesto,' and that's how Modesto got its name,\" Mathes explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modesto was founded in 1870 as a result of the railroad coming down through the Central Valley. Mathes says people living in the surrounding river towns \"packed up all of their belongings including their houses and literally moved them to Modesto,\" because the railroad was a more dependable source of transportation compared to the rivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11653661\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/Modesto_High_School_Built_in_1918_Modesto_Calif_71531-e1520111587172.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration of the Modesto High School, built in 1918.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1249\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration of the Modesto High School, built in 1918. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some buildings in surrounding towns were taken apart brick by brick and then rebuilt in Modesto. \"It was a major operation,\" Mathes says. The Ross House Hotel, originally built in Paradise City, was \"literally cut in half,\" Mathes says. The first half of the hotel was moved successfully and made it to Modesto in November 1870 but the second half didn't make it until January 1871. \"The hotel had been put back together,\" Mathes says, \"and they had a grand opening here in Modesto.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11653000/this-financier-put-the-modest-in-modesto","authors":["11412","11365"],"programs":["news_72"],"series":["news_21844"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_160","news_1435","news_7085","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11653657","label":"news_72"},"news_93382":{"type":"posts","id":"news_93382","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"93382","score":null,"sort":[1365165039000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners","title":"California Program Hunts Down Illegal Gun Owners","publishDate":1365165039,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>By Elaine Korry\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the most comprehensive gun control laws in the nation. It is also the only state with an active program to disarm people who own guns illegally. Since 2007, the state Department of Justice has been sending trained agents to seize registered firearms from people who have lost their right to own a gun. That can happen after being convicted of a felony or violent misdemeanor, being placed under a restraining order for domestic violence or being adjudicated as mentally unstable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93387\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/04/05/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners/la-county-destroys-several-thousand-confiscated-weapons/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-93387\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-93387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/04/75379491-300x200.jpg\" alt=\" Steel workers look over a pile of more than 4,300 confiscated illegal weapons about to be melted down during the 14th Annual Gun Destruction program. (David McNew/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steel workers look over a pile of more than 4,300 confiscated illegal weapons about to be melted down during the 14th Annual Gun Destruction program. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent evening in Modesto, three white unmarked vans containing special agents of the Bureau of Firearms met at a mall parking lot. After gearing up, they set out on their mission: to track down and seize firearms owned by dangerous criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“27, you good?” The radio crackled as the agents on the team communicated with their supervisor, Special Agent John Marsh. “Yeah, we’re gonna head out to No. 1 on the plan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first stop was the home of a convicted felon who was on probation. A state database of registered firearms showed that the former narcotics dealer had several guns, which were now prohibited because of his conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The convoy pulled up in front of a one-story tan stucco building surrounded by a chain-link fence. Agents surveyed the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“25, yes, we’re Code 4.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nSatisfied they were in the right place, seven agents -- wearing bulletproof vests and carrying .40-caliber Glock pistols -- cautiously moved to the front door. Agent Marsh waited as they made contact, and asked for additional support to deal with several dogs in the backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agents entered the man’s house.They were allowed to search it because he was on probation. The search turned up some ammunition but no weapons. “He said he had sold the guns to a pawnshop, so agents will have to do follow-up to determine if his story is correct or not,” Marsh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team returned empty-handed. But they knew all too well that the guns were out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities have identified tens of thousands of registered firearms in California owned by people who have lost their right to possess a gun. The gun seizure program, dubbed APPS, for Armed and Prohibited Persons, generated a list of prohibited owners by cross-referencing court and mental hospital records with the state’s gun registry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back on the streets of Modesto, the agents arrived at their second stop. \"The next person is also a convicted felon, a female, in possession of two handguns,” Marsh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young woman soon came into the front yard, with several children. The agents entered the house. They did not find any firearms but emerged with a bearded man in handcuffs, who had an outstanding arrest warrant. Patrol cars soon arrived to take him away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93388\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/04/05/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners/img_20130321_175209/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-93388\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-93388\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/04/IMG_20130321_175209-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"The 22-caliber Sturm Ruger semi-automatic rifle seized by state agents working in Modesto. The weapon is one of thousands of illegal weapons confiscated from convicted felons and others who are barred from owning guns. (Elaine Korry/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 22-caliber Sturm Ruger semi-automatic rifle seized by state agents working in Modesto. The weapon is one of thousands of illegal weapons confiscated from convicted felons and others who are barred from owning guns. (Elaine Korry/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the third stop, Marsh said the suspect surrendered within minutes. “He has a misdemeanor conviction; he’s prohibited from owning firearms; he has a .22-caliber rifle inside the residence,” said Marsh. “He’s currently in custody, the firearm will be seized and he’ll be transported to Stanislaus County Jail.” For this offense, the man could be charged with a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Marsh said another potentially lethal weapon, a Sturm Ruger .22-caliber semi-automatic with a collapsible stock, was taken out of circulation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide last year, Bureau of Firearms agents seized nearly 2,000 firearms and more than 100,000 rounds of ammunition through the APPS program. Last month the California State Senate approved a bill by Sen. Mark Leno (D-San Francisco) to appropriate $24 million in new funding to add 36 agents to this unique program. Currently 33 agents are spread over the entire state, which officials say is inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a very labor-intensive process,” said Michelle Gregory, a spokeswoman for Attorney General Kamala Harris. According to Gregory, this type of law enforcement requires extensive background work: cross-checking databases; tracking down addresses; and constantly updating records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have analysts that then go and check all that information,” Gregory said. “Once that’s done, these agents that you see out here tonight get those case files, go through them, and then come out and try to get those firearms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges for the APPS program is that the state cannot identify guns that have never been registered. But John Marsh is convinced his agents have saved lives by disarming dangerous people. He said on a good night the team might collect a dozen or more illegal weapons. And they rarely have a bad night, he said: “Bad nights don’t happen very often. We’re usually successful in disarming individuals every time we go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The APPS program has won even the support of the pro-gun lobby. Sam Paredes, chief lobbyist for Gun Owners of California, which has about 30,000 members, said he has no objections to the APPS program. “It’s about crime control and not gun control,” Paredes said. “It is going after people who by their own actions have gone from being lawful gun owners to unlawful gun owners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Attorney General Harris wrote to Vice President Joe Biden, promoting California’s APPS program as a national model. She also announced her support for U.S. Rep. Mike Thompson's legislation to create a national grant program that would allow other states to start their own programs to seize illegal guns.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1398475075,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1019},"headData":{"title":"California Program Hunts Down Illegal Gun Owners | KQED","description":"By Elaine Korry California has some of the most comprehensive gun control laws in the nation. It is also the only state with an active program to disarm people who own guns illegally. Since 2007, the state Department of Justice has been sending trained agents to seize registered firearms from people who have lost their","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California Program Hunts Down Illegal Gun Owners","datePublished":"2013-04-05T12:30:39.000Z","dateModified":"2014-04-26T01:17:55.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"93382 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=93382","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/04/05/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners/","disqusTitle":"California Program Hunts Down Illegal Gun Owners","path":"/news/93382/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>By Elaine Korry\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has some of the most comprehensive gun control laws in the nation. It is also the only state with an active program to disarm people who own guns illegally. Since 2007, the state Department of Justice has been sending trained agents to seize registered firearms from people who have lost their right to own a gun. That can happen after being convicted of a felony or violent misdemeanor, being placed under a restraining order for domestic violence or being adjudicated as mentally unstable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93387\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/04/05/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners/la-county-destroys-several-thousand-confiscated-weapons/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-93387\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-93387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/04/75379491-300x200.jpg\" alt=\" Steel workers look over a pile of more than 4,300 confiscated illegal weapons about to be melted down during the 14th Annual Gun Destruction program. (David McNew/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steel workers look over a pile of more than 4,300 confiscated illegal weapons about to be melted down during the 14th Annual Gun Destruction program. (David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent evening in Modesto, three white unmarked vans containing special agents of the Bureau of Firearms met at a mall parking lot. After gearing up, they set out on their mission: to track down and seize firearms owned by dangerous criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“27, you good?” The radio crackled as the agents on the team communicated with their supervisor, Special Agent John Marsh. “Yeah, we’re gonna head out to No. 1 on the plan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first stop was the home of a convicted felon who was on probation. A state database of registered firearms showed that the former narcotics dealer had several guns, which were now prohibited because of his conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The convoy pulled up in front of a one-story tan stucco building surrounded by a chain-link fence. Agents surveyed the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“25, yes, we’re Code 4.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nSatisfied they were in the right place, seven agents -- wearing bulletproof vests and carrying .40-caliber Glock pistols -- cautiously moved to the front door. Agent Marsh waited as they made contact, and asked for additional support to deal with several dogs in the backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agents entered the man’s house.They were allowed to search it because he was on probation. The search turned up some ammunition but no weapons. “He said he had sold the guns to a pawnshop, so agents will have to do follow-up to determine if his story is correct or not,” Marsh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team returned empty-handed. But they knew all too well that the guns were out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities have identified tens of thousands of registered firearms in California owned by people who have lost their right to possess a gun. The gun seizure program, dubbed APPS, for Armed and Prohibited Persons, generated a list of prohibited owners by cross-referencing court and mental hospital records with the state’s gun registry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back on the streets of Modesto, the agents arrived at their second stop. \"The next person is also a convicted felon, a female, in possession of two handguns,” Marsh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young woman soon came into the front yard, with several children. The agents entered the house. They did not find any firearms but emerged with a bearded man in handcuffs, who had an outstanding arrest warrant. Patrol cars soon arrived to take him away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93388\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/04/05/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners/img_20130321_175209/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-93388\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-93388\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/04/IMG_20130321_175209-300x225.jpeg\" alt=\"The 22-caliber Sturm Ruger semi-automatic rifle seized by state agents working in Modesto. The weapon is one of thousands of illegal weapons confiscated from convicted felons and others who are barred from owning guns. (Elaine Korry/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 22-caliber Sturm Ruger semi-automatic rifle seized by state agents working in Modesto. The weapon is one of thousands of illegal weapons confiscated from convicted felons and others who are barred from owning guns. (Elaine Korry/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the third stop, Marsh said the suspect surrendered within minutes. “He has a misdemeanor conviction; he’s prohibited from owning firearms; he has a .22-caliber rifle inside the residence,” said Marsh. “He’s currently in custody, the firearm will be seized and he’ll be transported to Stanislaus County Jail.” For this offense, the man could be charged with a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Marsh said another potentially lethal weapon, a Sturm Ruger .22-caliber semi-automatic with a collapsible stock, was taken out of circulation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide last year, Bureau of Firearms agents seized nearly 2,000 firearms and more than 100,000 rounds of ammunition through the APPS program. Last month the California State Senate approved a bill by Sen. Mark Leno (D-San Francisco) to appropriate $24 million in new funding to add 36 agents to this unique program. Currently 33 agents are spread over the entire state, which officials say is inadequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a very labor-intensive process,” said Michelle Gregory, a spokeswoman for Attorney General Kamala Harris. According to Gregory, this type of law enforcement requires extensive background work: cross-checking databases; tracking down addresses; and constantly updating records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have analysts that then go and check all that information,” Gregory said. “Once that’s done, these agents that you see out here tonight get those case files, go through them, and then come out and try to get those firearms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges for the APPS program is that the state cannot identify guns that have never been registered. But John Marsh is convinced his agents have saved lives by disarming dangerous people. He said on a good night the team might collect a dozen or more illegal weapons. And they rarely have a bad night, he said: “Bad nights don’t happen very often. We’re usually successful in disarming individuals every time we go out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The APPS program has won even the support of the pro-gun lobby. Sam Paredes, chief lobbyist for Gun Owners of California, which has about 30,000 members, said he has no objections to the APPS program. “It’s about crime control and not gun control,” Paredes said. “It is going after people who by their own actions have gone from being lawful gun owners to unlawful gun owners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Attorney General Harris wrote to Vice President Joe Biden, promoting California’s APPS program as a national model. She also announced her support for U.S. Rep. Mike Thompson's legislation to create a national grant program that would allow other states to start their own programs to seize illegal guns.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/93382/calif-program-hunts-down-illegal-gunowners","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_152","news_2865","news_1103","news_1435","news_3770"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_73171":{"type":"posts","id":"news_73171","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"73171","score":null,"sort":[1344977888000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"calif-congressman-cardoza-announces-resignation","title":"Calif. Congressman Cardoza Announces Resignation","publishDate":1344977888,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73180\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 195px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/08/Dennis-Cardoza.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-73180 \" title=\"Dennis Cardoza\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/08/Dennis-Cardoza-195x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dennis Cardoza (Office of Dennis Cardoza)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>MERCED, Calif. (AP) — A Congressman from California's Central Valley is resigning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Rep. Dennis Cardoza, whose district includes Modesto, Stockton and Merced, announced his resignation in a statement on Tuesday. It takes effect at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement does not cite a reason for the resignation. But \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/PnaNNQ\">in an interview with the Fresno Bee\u003c/a>, Cardoza says he and his wife are facing parenting challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardoza has three children, two of whom were adopted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has previously said he did not plan to seek another term this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 53-year-old Cardoza has served in Congress since 2002. Among his achievements, he cites the opening of a University of California branch in Merced and the expansion of the port in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1344980871,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":130},"headData":{"title":"Calif. Congressman Cardoza Announces Resignation | KQED","description":"MERCED, Calif. (AP) — A Congressman from California's Central Valley is resigning. Democratic Rep. Dennis Cardoza, whose district includes Modesto, Stockton and Merced, announced his resignation in a statement on Tuesday. It takes effect at midnight. The statement does not cite a reason for the resignation. But in an interview with the Fresno Bee, Cardoza","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Calif. Congressman Cardoza Announces Resignation","datePublished":"2012-08-14T20:58:08.000Z","dateModified":"2012-08-14T21:47:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"73171 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=73171","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/08/14/calif-congressman-cardoza-announces-resignation/","disqusTitle":"Calif. Congressman Cardoza Announces Resignation","path":"/news/73171/calif-congressman-cardoza-announces-resignation","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73180\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 195px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/08/Dennis-Cardoza.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-73180 \" title=\"Dennis Cardoza\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/08/Dennis-Cardoza-195x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dennis Cardoza (Office of Dennis Cardoza)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>MERCED, Calif. (AP) — A Congressman from California's Central Valley is resigning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Rep. Dennis Cardoza, whose district includes Modesto, Stockton and Merced, announced his resignation in a statement on Tuesday. It takes effect at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement does not cite a reason for the resignation. But \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/PnaNNQ\">in an interview with the Fresno Bee\u003c/a>, Cardoza says he and his wife are facing parenting challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardoza has three children, two of whom were adopted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has previously said he did not plan to seek another term this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 53-year-old Cardoza has served in Congress since 2002. Among his achievements, he cites the opening of a University of California branch in Merced and the expansion of the port in Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/73171/calif-congressman-cardoza-announces-resignation","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_13"],"tags":["news_2977","news_311","news_601","news_1435","news_784"],"label":"news_6944"},"news_27642":{"type":"posts","id":"news_27642","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"27642","score":null,"sort":[1305655318000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"tour-of-california-stage-3","title":"Tour of California Stage 3: Into the Valley of Wet","publishDate":1305655318,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The race has departed Auburn for what promises to be a rainy but rapid trip down to Modesto. \u003ca href=\"http://www.amgentourofcalifornia.com/Route/stages/stage3.html\" target=\"_blank\">Stage Three\u003c/a> will sweep along the edge of the Sierra foothills and pass through Folsom and Rancho Murieta, cross the hills between the East Bay Municipal Utility District's Camanche and Pardee reservoirs, past the hamlet of Milton and nearby poultry megafarms, and across table-flat San Joaquin Valley farmland through Oakdale (former home of a Hershey's chocolate plant) to Modesto. Distance: 122 miles. Lots and lots of little hills in the first two-thirds of the route that would test the legs of mere mortals but will be brushed aside by the pros--or at least they'll make it look that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some links:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>cyclingnews.com: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://live.cyclingnews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Stage 3 live report\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Twitter:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23ATOC\" target=\"_blank\">#ATOC (Amgen Tour of California) feed\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>National Weather Service:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://radar.weather.gov/radar.php?rid=dax&product=N0R&overlay=11101111&loop=no\" target=\"_blank\">Sacramento radar\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Weather Underground:\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"\" target=\"_blank\"> Modesto forecast\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1305656072,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":149},"headData":{"title":"Tour of California Stage 3: Into the Valley of Wet | KQED","description":"The race has departed Auburn for what promises to be a rainy but rapid trip down to Modesto. Stage Three will sweep along the edge of the Sierra foothills and pass through Folsom and Rancho Murieta, cross the hills between the East Bay Municipal Utility District's Camanche and Pardee reservoirs, past the hamlet of Milton","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Tour of California Stage 3: Into the Valley of Wet","datePublished":"2011-05-17T18:01:58.000Z","dateModified":"2011-05-17T18:14:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"27642 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=27642","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/05/17/tour-of-california-stage-3/","disqusTitle":"Tour of California Stage 3: Into the Valley of Wet","path":"/news/27642/tour-of-california-stage-3","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The race has departed Auburn for what promises to be a rainy but rapid trip down to Modesto. \u003ca href=\"http://www.amgentourofcalifornia.com/Route/stages/stage3.html\" target=\"_blank\">Stage Three\u003c/a> will sweep along the edge of the Sierra foothills and pass through Folsom and Rancho Murieta, cross the hills between the East Bay Municipal Utility District's Camanche and Pardee reservoirs, past the hamlet of Milton and nearby poultry megafarms, and across table-flat San Joaquin Valley farmland through Oakdale (former home of a Hershey's chocolate plant) to Modesto. Distance: 122 miles. Lots and lots of little hills in the first two-thirds of the route that would test the legs of mere mortals but will be brushed aside by the pros--or at least they'll make it look that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some links:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>cyclingnews.com: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://live.cyclingnews.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Stage 3 live report\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Twitter:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23ATOC\" target=\"_blank\">#ATOC (Amgen Tour of California) feed\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>National Weather Service:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://radar.weather.gov/radar.php?rid=dax&product=N0R&overlay=11101111&loop=no\" target=\"_blank\">Sacramento radar\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>Weather Underground:\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"\" target=\"_blank\"> Modesto forecast\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/27642/tour-of-california-stage-3","authors":["222"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_19906","news_10"],"tags":["news_1434","news_1435","news_1433","news_1429"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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