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href=\"https://nocoalinoakland.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024-01-23-Final-Judgment.pdf\"> ruled against a group of developers \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://nocoalinoakland.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024-01-23-Final-Judgment.pdf\">(PDF)\u003c/a> who were\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985591/oakland-might-have-lost-its-coal-war-and-could-have-to-pay-millions\"> seeking nearly $160 million from the city in what they said was lost profits\u003c/a> after the city terminated its ground lease for the terminal, thwarting the controversial project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge instead agreed with attorneys for the city, who argued the group’s projected profits were speculative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, however, means that development of the new bulk terminal — which had been halted for years due to the litigation — can now resume under an extended deadline more than two years out, putting environmental activists opposed to the project on high alert.[aside postID=\"science_1985591\" hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/12/portofoakland-qut-1020x675.jpg']“We applaud the court’s refusal to reward the would-be coal terminal developers with the massive payoff they sought by suing the City,” Ted Franklin, an organizer with the activist group No Coal in Oakland, said in a statement. But he also acknowledged the battle to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extended development deadline is “setting the stage for a renewed campaign to keep coal out of Oakland,” Franklin said. “We are ready for the fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin’s group is among a handful of local environmental justice organizations that have long opposed a prospective coal terminal, citing concerns over increased levels of pollution from coal dust and truck exhaust that would disproportionately impact already hard-hit communities of color in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the developers decide to move forward with their plan to put a polluting coal export terminal in the Port of Oakland, even in light of the court’s decision, they can expect a long, uphill battle,” Ben Eichenberg, an attorney with San Francisco Baykeeper, said in a statement, following Tuesday’s order. “For over a decade, frontline communities have demonstrated their resolve to keep this poisonous project out of West Oakland, and the Oakland city council and city attorney’s office have remained steadfast in opposing it every step of the way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wise’s latest decision follows her ruling last month, when she sided with Oakland Bulk and Oversized Terminal LLC (OBOT) and its owner, Phil Tagami, ruling that the city had improperly terminated its lease in 2018 when it claimed the group had missed key construction deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its suit against the city, Tagami’s group also accused officials of blocking access to necessary documents related to the project, which it argued created costly delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge then gave the group a choice between restoring its lease with the city, with the new deadline or taking just under $320,000 and walking away from the project altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group opted to renew the lease, but it continued to press for the $159.6 million in damages it had originally sought — an effort the judge quashed on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OBOT’s attorney did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland could still choose to appeal the court’s decision to stop the project from moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we appreciate that the trial court ultimately correctly rejected OBOT’s attempts to obtain hundreds of millions of dollars in damages that it is not entitled to under the contract or law, the City’s position remains that the court erred in making its initial finding in favor of OBOT on the City’s and OBOT’s dueling breach of contract claims,” Oakland City Attorney Barbara Parker said in an email.”The City will continue to evaluate all of its legal options as it pursues its rights to bring this longstanding dispute to final resolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"But the judge’s order means development of the new bulk terminal can now resume under an extended deadline, putting environmental activists opposed to the project on high alert.\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706131446,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":670},"headData":{"title":"Judge Denies Developer's $160 Million Suit Against Oakland in Ongoing Coal Terminal Battle | KQED","description":"But the judge’s order means development of the new bulk terminal can now resume under an extended deadline, putting environmental activists opposed to the project on high alert.\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Judge Denies Developer's $160 Million Suit Against Oakland in Ongoing Coal Terminal 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Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Superior Court Judge Noël Wise\u003ca href=\"https://nocoalinoakland.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024-01-23-Final-Judgment.pdf\"> ruled against a group of developers \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://nocoalinoakland.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024-01-23-Final-Judgment.pdf\">(PDF)\u003c/a> who were\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1985591/oakland-might-have-lost-its-coal-war-and-could-have-to-pay-millions\"> seeking nearly $160 million from the city in what they said was lost profits\u003c/a> after the city terminated its ground lease for the terminal, thwarting the controversial project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge instead agreed with attorneys for the city, who argued the group’s projected profits were speculative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, however, means that development of the new bulk terminal — which had been halted for years due to the litigation — can now resume under an extended deadline more than two years out, putting environmental activists opposed to the project on high alert.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1985591","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/12/portofoakland-qut-1020x675.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We applaud the court’s refusal to reward the would-be coal terminal developers with the massive payoff they sought by suing the City,” Ted Franklin, an organizer with the activist group No Coal in Oakland, said in a statement. But he also acknowledged the battle to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extended development deadline is “setting the stage for a renewed campaign to keep coal out of Oakland,” Franklin said. “We are ready for the fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin’s group is among a handful of local environmental justice organizations that have long opposed a prospective coal terminal, citing concerns over increased levels of pollution from coal dust and truck exhaust that would disproportionately impact already hard-hit communities of color in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the developers decide to move forward with their plan to put a polluting coal export terminal in the Port of Oakland, even in light of the court’s decision, they can expect a long, uphill battle,” Ben Eichenberg, an attorney with San Francisco Baykeeper, said in a statement, following Tuesday’s order. “For over a decade, frontline communities have demonstrated their resolve to keep this poisonous project out of West Oakland, and the Oakland city council and city attorney’s office have remained steadfast in opposing it every step of the way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wise’s latest decision follows her ruling last month, when she sided with Oakland Bulk and Oversized Terminal LLC (OBOT) and its owner, Phil Tagami, ruling that the city had improperly terminated its lease in 2018 when it claimed the group had missed key construction deadlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its suit against the city, Tagami’s group also accused officials of blocking access to necessary documents related to the project, which it argued created costly delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge then gave the group a choice between restoring its lease with the city, with the new deadline or taking just under $320,000 and walking away from the project altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group opted to renew the lease, but it continued to press for the $159.6 million in damages it had originally sought — an effort the judge quashed on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OBOT’s attorney did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Oakland could still choose to appeal the court’s decision to stop the project from moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we appreciate that the trial court ultimately correctly rejected OBOT’s attempts to obtain hundreds of millions of dollars in damages that it is not entitled to under the contract or law, the City’s position remains that the court erred in making its initial finding in favor of OBOT on the City’s and OBOT’s dueling breach of contract claims,” Oakland City Attorney Barbara Parker said in an email.”The City will continue to evaluate all of its legal options as it pursues its rights to bring this longstanding dispute to final resolution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11973469/judge-denies-developers-160-million-suit-against-oakland-in-ongoing-coal-terminal-battle","authors":["11840"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_18299","news_20278","news_2045"],"featImg":"news_11973472","label":"news"},"news_11938273":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11938273","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11938273","score":null,"sort":[1674136807000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"our-worst-nightmare-as-storms-raged-millions-of-gallons-of-sewage-spilled-into-bay-area-waterways-streets-and-yards","title":"'Our Worst Nightmare': As Storms Raged, Some 62 Million Gallons of Sewage Spilled Into Bay Area Waterways, Streets and Yards","publishDate":1674136807,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:45 a.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 5 million gallons of untreated sewage spilled into Oakland waterways during record-breaking rainfall on New Year’s Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Castro Valley, residents reported sewage backing up into their drains and front yards.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Eileen White, executive officer, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board\"]'When we're out of the reactive mode, I think it'll be good to reflect afterwards about what can the Bay Area do to be better prepared for these events.'[/pullquote]“This is our worst nightmare,” said Michael Nelson, spokesperson for the Castro Valley Sanitary District. “Nobody wants to have to go stay in a hotel because their home is flooded with sewage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nine atmospheric river storms that began dumping vast amounts of rain on the state in late December, and refused to let up until last weekend, overwhelmed aging sewer systems, forcing wastewater agencies in the nine-county Bay Area to collectively release some 62 million gallons of raw or only partially treated sewage into nearby waterways, according to initial estimates from the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's enough sewage to fill about 94 Olympic swimming pools — more than three times the amount the board initially reported after the first round of storms in early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eileen White, the board's executive officer, confirmed those figures on Thursday, but emphasized that they are “preliminary” and “not exactly precise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local wastewater agencies are required to immediately report the estimated volume of any unauthorized sewage discharges, she said, but noted that a more accurate accounting of the extent of the spillage wouldn't be available until next month, when their final analyses are submitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it definitely gives you the magnitude,” said White, who until recently oversaw wastewater operations at the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD). “The intensity of the storms went beyond [most agencies'] storage and treatment capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to a rather disgusting realization: We’re going to have to change how we get rid of all our poop.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'The new normal'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“You forget about it when you're in drought for many years,” White said. “But then when you get to events that occurred over the last week, it's a wake-up call. Because I think that's going to be the new normal with climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These types of massive rainstorms, she notes, are expected to hit the region more frequently — and even increase in intensity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we're out of the reactive mode,” she added, “I think it'll be good to reflect afterwards about what can the Bay Area do to be better prepared for these events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938381\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11938381 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"A sketch of the municipal wastewater pathway\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A simplified sketch of the basic path our sewage takes from toilet to treatment facility. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Usually — ideally — when you flush your toilet or wash your dishes, waste drains into sewer laterals, which are maintained by property owners. From there it flows into the city’s pipes, and is then diverted to \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/951ee3f1ff624b3f97f2983a5f5d0bcf\">the pipes of the local utility district\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In much of the East Bay, the wastewater then passes through interceptors that act as gatekeepers: If the flow is below a certain volume, it continues to EBMUD’s main wastewater treatment facility, where it is cleaned and released into the bay. During some severe storms, excess water is also diverted to wet weather storage tanks, treated to basic standards, and then released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on New Year’s Eve — \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1609513939376943111\">Oakland’s wettest day on record\u003c/a> — multiple points along that system were overwhelmed and failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unprecedented rainfall saturated the soil and seeped into old, cracked sewer laterals, adding to the volume of flow. As Castro Valley’s pipes filled to capacity, sewage backed up onto some people’s properties, spilling onto their yards — toilet paper and all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A torrent of poop\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A mighty, mounting flood of poop and rainwater surged through much of EBMUD's wastewater system. It percolated out of maintenance holes in Berkeley, Albany and Alameda, and overflowed at the utility's south interceptor near the Oakland Coliseum, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/2022-12-31-1700-Sanitary-sewer-overflow-advisory-__-East-Bay-Municipal-Utility-District-1.pdf\">dumping some 4.7 million gallons into San Leandro Creek and the Oakland Estuary (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The huge influx of rainwater exceeded our ability to move and treat that wastewater,” said Andrea Pook, spokesperson for EBMUD. “It overflowed before it even got to our system, despite the activation of all of our wet-weather facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938382\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11938382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A large drain pipe sticking out into a muddy creek.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A drainpipe leading to a very swollen San Leandro Creek in East Oakland on Jan. 9, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spillage in the East Bay was hardly unique. Major spills occurred throughout the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to White, from the water board, entire neighborhoods along San Francisco’s Folsom Street flooded with a mixture of stormwater and sewage. (Interestingly, San Francisco and Sacramento, which also experienced flooding, are the only two cities in California that have a single-pipe system for both wastewater and stormwater.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among a host of other soiled locations, sewage also flowed into scenic Half Moon Bay, when Pilarcitos Creek flooded the area’s wastewater treatment plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Serious health hazards\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Raw sewage — even diluted with rainwater — poses serious health hazards. “When we talk about these sewage spills, we're talking about people being exposed to pathogens, bacteria, viruses that can cause really serious illnesses,” said Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper, a regional environmental group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choksi-Chugh strongly recommends avoiding any contact with bay water or creek water — or even street puddles — for at least several days after a major storm. “Anyone who is walking down the street is possibly exposed to raw sewage when there's an overflow in the street from a manhole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Choksi-Chugh notes, lower-income communities of color often live in the most affected neighborhoods — the ones more susceptible to flooding and closer to the bayshore where the sewage ends up. She points out that EBMUD’s main treatment facility, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/east-bay/50k-gallons-of-raw-sewage-spilled-into-estuary-after-power-outage-affects-ebmud-wastewater-plant/2345085/\">50,000 gallons of sewage spilled during a 2020 power outage\u003c/a>, is located in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that's already a community that's impacted really heavily by industrial pollution, and other environmental factors,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938427\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11938427\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg\" alt=\"Aerial view of a large wastewater treatment plant.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-800x520.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of EBMUD's wastewater treatment plant in West Oakland. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the broader environmental impact: The pathogens and bacteria in the sewage — even a large amount of treated sewage — can also sicken fish and other wildlife, Choksi-Chugh said. “It can cause low dissolved oxygen, which can lead to fish not being able to breathe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was on full, fetid display during a heat wave in late August, when thousands of dead fish \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/08/28/thousands-of-dead-fish-found-at-oaklands-lake-merritt/\">washed up at Oakland's Lake Merritt and nearby shorelines\u003c/a>. The fish die-off followed an uncontrolled algal bloom — known as a \"red tide\" event — likely caused by the discharge of too much sewage or fertilizer into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>So, how do we fix this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With bigger and more frequent storms predicted, most Bay Area wastewater agency officials interviewed for this story agreed on the need to strengthen the region’s aging infrastructure. The question is, which parts of it?[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"wastewater\"]EBMUD contends that it is pivotal to start at the source, and encourages property owners to fix old, cracked sewer laterals that connect their toilets to municipal pipes. Doing so would prevent less rainwater from entering the system, reducing the risk of it being overwhelmed. The utility says it has already seen a 22% decrease in flow since 2011, which it attributes to homeowners and cities fixing their pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we done yet? No,” said Pook. “But we're definitely on our way to helping to decrease those flows into our wastewater system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities can also upgrade their pipes — the next segment of the wastewater system — to increase capacity. But that’s extremely expensive, and generally requires exceedingly unpopular rate hikes. For instance, replacing the relatively small sewer system in Castro Valley — a community of fewer than 65,000 people — would cost around $500 million, said Nelson, of the sanitary district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pipes are underground, they're not sexy, they're out of sight, out of mind,” the Baykeeper’s Choksi-Chugh said. “City councils just don't tend to prioritize funding maintenance of these pipes and making sure that they're upgraded and maintained properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while acknowledging the importance of these localized approaches, Choksi-Chugh also argues that more of the onus should be placed on the utilities, rather than their customers. Water districts, she says, need to overhaul their sorely outdated treatment plants — an intimidatingly expensive proposition, but one whose costs can be partially offset by new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/15/1055841358/biden-signs-1t-bipartisan-infrastructure-bill-into-law\">federal\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\">state\u003c/a> infrastructure grants and loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because then we wouldn't be discharging all of this untreated sewage into the bay,” she said. “We would actually be capturing it all and recycling it. And it wouldn't be having these kinds of impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm really hoping,” Choksi-Chugh added, “that this is a wake-up call for the wastewater industry and for the local government agencies to say we need to invest in better infrastructure around the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes additional reporting from KQED's Lesley McClurg.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The massive amount of rainfall quickly overwhelmed the Bay Area's sewer systems, exposing major cracks and deficiencies in the region's aging infrastructure. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1674325065,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":1623},"headData":{"title":"'Our Worst Nightmare': As Storms Raged, Some 62 Million Gallons of Sewage Spilled Into Bay Area Waterways, Streets and Yards | KQED","description":"The massive amount of rainfall quickly overwhelmed the Bay Area's sewer systems, exposing major cracks and deficiencies in the region's aging infrastructure. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'Our Worst Nightmare': As Storms Raged, Some 62 Million Gallons of Sewage Spilled Into Bay Area Waterways, Streets and Yards","datePublished":"2023-01-19T14:00:07.000Z","dateModified":"2023-01-21T18:17:45.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/71b9ca2f-d288-4c91-b7e8-af8d015adef9/audio.mp3","nprByline":"Katherine Monahan and Matthew Green","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11938273/our-worst-nightmare-as-storms-raged-millions-of-gallons-of-sewage-spilled-into-bay-area-waterways-streets-and-yards","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:45 a.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Close to 5 million gallons of untreated sewage spilled into Oakland waterways during record-breaking rainfall on New Year’s Eve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Castro Valley, residents reported sewage backing up into their drains and front yards.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'When we're out of the reactive mode, I think it'll be good to reflect afterwards about what can the Bay Area do to be better prepared for these events.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Eileen White, executive officer, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“This is our worst nightmare,” said Michael Nelson, spokesperson for the Castro Valley Sanitary District. “Nobody wants to have to go stay in a hotel because their home is flooded with sewage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nine atmospheric river storms that began dumping vast amounts of rain on the state in late December, and refused to let up until last weekend, overwhelmed aging sewer systems, forcing wastewater agencies in the nine-county Bay Area to collectively release some 62 million gallons of raw or only partially treated sewage into nearby waterways, according to initial estimates from the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's enough sewage to fill about 94 Olympic swimming pools — more than three times the amount the board initially reported after the first round of storms in early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eileen White, the board's executive officer, confirmed those figures on Thursday, but emphasized that they are “preliminary” and “not exactly precise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local wastewater agencies are required to immediately report the estimated volume of any unauthorized sewage discharges, she said, but noted that a more accurate accounting of the extent of the spillage wouldn't be available until next month, when their final analyses are submitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it definitely gives you the magnitude,” said White, who until recently oversaw wastewater operations at the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD). “The intensity of the storms went beyond [most agencies'] storage and treatment capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which brings us to a rather disgusting realization: We’re going to have to change how we get rid of all our poop.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>'The new normal'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“You forget about it when you're in drought for many years,” White said. “But then when you get to events that occurred over the last week, it's a wake-up call. Because I think that's going to be the new normal with climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These types of massive rainstorms, she notes, are expected to hit the region more frequently — and even increase in intensity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we're out of the reactive mode,” she added, “I think it'll be good to reflect afterwards about what can the Bay Area do to be better prepared for these events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938381\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11938381 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"A sketch of the municipal wastewater pathway\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/Untitled_Artwork-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A simplified sketch of the basic path our sewage takes from toilet to treatment facility. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Usually — ideally — when you flush your toilet or wash your dishes, waste drains into sewer laterals, which are maintained by property owners. From there it flows into the city’s pipes, and is then diverted to \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/951ee3f1ff624b3f97f2983a5f5d0bcf\">the pipes of the local utility district\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In much of the East Bay, the wastewater then passes through interceptors that act as gatekeepers: If the flow is below a certain volume, it continues to EBMUD’s main wastewater treatment facility, where it is cleaned and released into the bay. During some severe storms, excess water is also diverted to wet weather storage tanks, treated to basic standards, and then released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on New Year’s Eve — \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1609513939376943111\">Oakland’s wettest day on record\u003c/a> — multiple points along that system were overwhelmed and failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unprecedented rainfall saturated the soil and seeped into old, cracked sewer laterals, adding to the volume of flow. As Castro Valley’s pipes filled to capacity, sewage backed up onto some people’s properties, spilling onto their yards — toilet paper and all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A torrent of poop\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A mighty, mounting flood of poop and rainwater surged through much of EBMUD's wastewater system. It percolated out of maintenance holes in Berkeley, Albany and Alameda, and overflowed at the utility's south interceptor near the Oakland Coliseum, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/2022-12-31-1700-Sanitary-sewer-overflow-advisory-__-East-Bay-Municipal-Utility-District-1.pdf\">dumping some 4.7 million gallons into San Leandro Creek and the Oakland Estuary (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The huge influx of rainwater exceeded our ability to move and treat that wastewater,” said Andrea Pook, spokesperson for EBMUD. “It overflowed before it even got to our system, despite the activation of all of our wet-weather facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938382\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11938382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A large drain pipe sticking out into a muddy creek.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS61947_020_KQED_EBMUDWastewater_01092023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A drainpipe leading to a very swollen San Leandro Creek in East Oakland on Jan. 9, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The spillage in the East Bay was hardly unique. Major spills occurred throughout the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to White, from the water board, entire neighborhoods along San Francisco’s Folsom Street flooded with a mixture of stormwater and sewage. (Interestingly, San Francisco and Sacramento, which also experienced flooding, are the only two cities in California that have a single-pipe system for both wastewater and stormwater.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among a host of other soiled locations, sewage also flowed into scenic Half Moon Bay, when Pilarcitos Creek flooded the area’s wastewater treatment plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Serious health hazards\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Raw sewage — even diluted with rainwater — poses serious health hazards. “When we talk about these sewage spills, we're talking about people being exposed to pathogens, bacteria, viruses that can cause really serious illnesses,” said Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper, a regional environmental group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choksi-Chugh strongly recommends avoiding any contact with bay water or creek water — or even street puddles — for at least several days after a major storm. “Anyone who is walking down the street is possibly exposed to raw sewage when there's an overflow in the street from a manhole,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Choksi-Chugh notes, lower-income communities of color often live in the most affected neighborhoods — the ones more susceptible to flooding and closer to the bayshore where the sewage ends up. She points out that EBMUD’s main treatment facility, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/east-bay/50k-gallons-of-raw-sewage-spilled-into-estuary-after-power-outage-affects-ebmud-wastewater-plant/2345085/\">50,000 gallons of sewage spilled during a 2020 power outage\u003c/a>, is located in West Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that's already a community that's impacted really heavily by industrial pollution, and other environmental factors,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11938427\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11938427\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg\" alt=\"Aerial view of a large wastewater treatment plant.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314.jpg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-800x520.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1221901314-160x104.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of EBMUD's wastewater treatment plant in West Oakland. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And then there’s the broader environmental impact: The pathogens and bacteria in the sewage — even a large amount of treated sewage — can also sicken fish and other wildlife, Choksi-Chugh said. “It can cause low dissolved oxygen, which can lead to fish not being able to breathe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was on full, fetid display during a heat wave in late August, when thousands of dead fish \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/08/28/thousands-of-dead-fish-found-at-oaklands-lake-merritt/\">washed up at Oakland's Lake Merritt and nearby shorelines\u003c/a>. The fish die-off followed an uncontrolled algal bloom — known as a \"red tide\" event — likely caused by the discharge of too much sewage or fertilizer into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>So, how do we fix this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With bigger and more frequent storms predicted, most Bay Area wastewater agency officials interviewed for this story agreed on the need to strengthen the region’s aging infrastructure. The question is, which parts of it?\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"wastewater"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>EBMUD contends that it is pivotal to start at the source, and encourages property owners to fix old, cracked sewer laterals that connect their toilets to municipal pipes. Doing so would prevent less rainwater from entering the system, reducing the risk of it being overwhelmed. The utility says it has already seen a 22% decrease in flow since 2011, which it attributes to homeowners and cities fixing their pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we done yet? No,” said Pook. “But we're definitely on our way to helping to decrease those flows into our wastewater system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities can also upgrade their pipes — the next segment of the wastewater system — to increase capacity. But that’s extremely expensive, and generally requires exceedingly unpopular rate hikes. For instance, replacing the relatively small sewer system in Castro Valley — a community of fewer than 65,000 people — would cost around $500 million, said Nelson, of the sanitary district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pipes are underground, they're not sexy, they're out of sight, out of mind,” the Baykeeper’s Choksi-Chugh said. “City councils just don't tend to prioritize funding maintenance of these pipes and making sure that they're upgraded and maintained properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while acknowledging the importance of these localized approaches, Choksi-Chugh also argues that more of the onus should be placed on the utilities, rather than their customers. Water districts, she says, need to overhaul their sorely outdated treatment plants — an intimidatingly expensive proposition, but one whose costs can be partially offset by new \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/15/1055841358/biden-signs-1t-bipartisan-infrastructure-bill-into-law\">federal\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\">state\u003c/a> infrastructure grants and loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because then we wouldn't be discharging all of this untreated sewage into the bay,” she said. “We would actually be capturing it all and recycling it. And it wouldn't be having these kinds of impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm really hoping,” Choksi-Chugh added, “that this is a wake-up call for the wastewater industry and for the local government agencies to say we need to invest in better infrastructure around the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes additional reporting from KQED's Lesley McClurg.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11938273/our-worst-nightmare-as-storms-raged-millions-of-gallons-of-sewage-spilled-into-bay-area-waterways-streets-and-yards","authors":["byline_news_11938273"],"categories":["news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_295","news_18299","news_1730","news_5909","news_20287"],"featImg":"news_11938448","label":"news"},"news_11903447":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11903447","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11903447","score":null,"sort":[1643752568000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-jurys-out-is-californias-landmark-environmental-justice-law-helping-communities-with-the-dirtiest-air","title":"'The Jury's Out': Is California's Landmark Environmental Justice Law Helping Communities With the Dirtiest Air?","publishDate":1643752568,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The South Stockton classroom where Ashley Pearl Pana spent recess trapped indoors is still there, 16 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wind stirred up dust and soot, when the sun stewed smokestack and tailpipe exhaust into smog, when pollution squeezed her airways, Pana’s asthma forced her inside, behind the classroom’s closed door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the kids were playing outside, and I’d just watch them through the windows,” Pana, now 23, said while visiting her old elementary school. A new generation of children, masked against COVID-19’s newest threats to still-developing lungs, ran in the playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ashley Pearl Pana, Stockton resident\"]'No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life, something I have to be constantly aware about.'[/pullquote]It was a clear day, the kind that makes South Stockton’s consistently filthy air difficult to imagine. But in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/maps-data\">one of California’s most dangerously polluted communities\u003c/a>, emergency room visits for asthma attacks are among the highest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life,” Pana said, “something I have to be constantly aware about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">Assembly Bill 617, passed in 2017\u003c/a>, requires local air districts and the state Air Resources Board to reduce air pollution in marginalized communities. The law established the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">Community Air Protection Program\u003c/a>, which tasks residents and local officials with shaping regulations and steering state money to a handful of hot spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hailed as “\u003ca href=\"https://blogs.edf.org/climate411/2017/07/12/california-models-climate-and-air-pollution-action-with-balanced-approach/\">unprecedented\u003c/a>” by some environmental groups, the law was supposed to create a program to measure and combat air pollution at the neighborhood level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, more than $1 billion in state funds has been appropriated for community grants, industry incentives and government costs. But it's still not possible to gauge whether the program will improve the smoggy and toxic air that almost 4 million people breathe in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">15 communities.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">communities\u003c/a> — including Richmond, West Oakland, Stockton, San Bernardino and Wilmington — have high poverty rates and are predominantly Latino, Black and Asian American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, even as the law’s clean-air program prepares to fold in new neighborhoods, a major question lingers: Is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jury’s out,” said \u003ca href=\"https://humanecology.ucdavis.edu/jonathan-london\">Jonathan London\u003c/a>, an associate professor of human ecology at UC Davis who is keeping tabs on the law. It’s “an ongoing experiment with the potential for significant benefits, but also significant obstacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates have called the law \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/2017/07/justice-deferred-a-break-down-of-californias-cap-trade-bill-from-the-environmental-justice-perspective/\">toothless\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/CEJA_AB617_r4-2.pdf\">warn that\u003c/a> it has “largely failed to produce the promised quantifiable, permanent, and enforceable emissions reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1399px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903595\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\" alt=\"Left photo: A woman wearing glasses. Right photo: A woman's hands, filled with various breathing medications.\" width=\"1399\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png 1399w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-800x277.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-1020x354.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-160x55.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1399px) 100vw, 1399px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Pearl Pana (left) in South Stockton, where she grew up. Pana (right) shows the inhalers and other medication she uses daily to manage her asthma. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The struggle to achieve the law’s ambitious goals has been marked by battles between residents and local air regulators, and by jurisdictional juggling among agencies, each responsible for a different portion of pollution. Meanwhile, people continue to suffer from inhaling dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it having the improvements that I want it to have, at the level that I wanted to have? No, we need a lot more,” said Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://a58.asmdc.org/\">Cristina Garcia\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Bell Gardens, who authored the bill. “Is it engaging the community and empowering them, so they could push for change? Oh, definitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is just one tool — and, its author acknowledges, an imperfect one at that — intending to fix decades of environmental racism, questionable land-use decisions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/11/california-housing-crisis-podcast-freeways/\">freeway construction\u003c/a> that have left \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/attach/2019/02/cv-air-pollution-CA-web.pdf\">poor communities of color\u003c/a> hemmed in \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">by California’s industrial corridors\u003c/a>. It’s a monumental task, and experts say no one law will be a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At stake is the health of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">millions of people\u003c/a> who live near California’s refineries, ports and freeways that are the sources of smog and other toxic pollutants that trigger asthma attacks and have been linked to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Air Resources Board staff recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/mt/2021/mt102821.pdf?_ga=2.69808464.133961995.1641835269-324582198.1598231589\">called it\u003c/a> “a catalyst to change the way we work with communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some Stockton residents and community groups have had a far different experience, tangling with local air regulators about funding decisions and delayed air-pollution monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the beginning of this process, we were all kumbaya,” said Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, a historic preservation organization turned environmental justice group in South Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end,” he said, “it was terrible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-tremendous-amount-of-frustration\">'Tremendous amount of frustration'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than half a century, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history\">state\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/research/publications/50-years-of-progress\">local air regulators\u003c/a> have enacted pioneering rules to clean up pollution from smokestacks and tailpipes. Trailblazing mandates \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/03/california-diesel-rules/\">to tackle diesel exhaust\u003c/a> — a known carcinogen — and other toxic air contaminants \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b02766\">cut Californians’ risk of getting cancer from bad air by 76%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it hasn’t been enough. Parts of California still have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/research/sota/city-rankings/most-polluted-cities\">worst air quality in the country\u003c/a>, with about 87% of Californians living in areas that exceeded federal healthy air standards in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Joaquin Valley alone, breathing fine particles is estimated to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/clean-air-plan-san-joaquin-valley-first-meet-all-federal-standards-fine-particle-pollution\">1,200 premature deaths\u003c/a> from respiratory and heart disease per year. Poor communities of color are still exposed to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-03/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_acc.pdf\">double the cancer-causing diesel exhaust\u003c/a> than that of their more affluent neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://calmatters-ab617-maps.netlify.app/#amp=1\" width=\"1000\" height=\"780\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia’s law aimed to tackle pollution hot spots by creating a greater role for community activists and residents in the complex regulatory process. Local air districts responsible for regulating smokestack pollution must now work with communities to craft clean-air plans. The law also calls for increased air monitoring, bigger fines for polluters and faster deployment of new pollution-scrubbing retrofits on smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/carb-announces-new-director-office-community-air-protection#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%20CARB%20Executive%20Officer,Community%20Air%20Protection%20(DOCAP).\">Deldi Reyes\u003c/a>, director of the Air Resources Board’s Office of Community Air Protection, told board members at an October meeting that there has been progress since the environmental justice law was enacted, with an estimated 75 tons of fine particles expected to be cut across 11 communities — equivalent to removing 75,000 heavy-duty diesel trucks from California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the law\u003c/a> nor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/final-community-air-protection-blueprint\">the state-developed guidelines\u003c/a> for its implementation include specific targets for measurably improving air quality or public health in the selected communities. Though the program relies heavily on time and effort from community members, decision-making is ultimately left to state and local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to see more accountability built into the program,” said \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/leadership/john-r-balmes-md\">Dr. John Balmes\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at UCSF and a member of the California Air Resources Board. “I don’t think that’s too much to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes, however, urged patience. \u003ca href=\"https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/board/books/2021/102821/21-11-3pres.pdf\">Of the 15 communities\u003c/a>, three are still developing their clean-air plans and four are in their first year of implementation, she said. “It’s just too early to point to any of the communities and say, ‘Oh, they haven’t met their goals.’ Air quality does not change on a dime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental justice advocate in Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/about-woeip/margaret-gordon/\">Margaret Gordon\u003c/a>, agreed. “This is not instant. This is not Top Ramen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">Even the law’s birth\u003c/a> was contentious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation was framed as a companion to a bill \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/08/california-climate-deal-net-big-bucks-polluters/\">extending the life of cap and trade\u003c/a>, California’s trailblazing carbon market designed to reduce climate-warming emissions. Under cap and trade, companies operating refineries, power plants and other industrial facilities can buy or trade credits to meet a declining cap on greenhouse gases without cutting local pollution.[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"environmental-justice\"]Environmental justice advocates fought the cap-and-trade extension, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/07/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">declaring it a “deal with the devil”\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/reporttopics/envother/env17_other/From-Plan-to-Progress-Appendix-A.pdf\">usurped local power\u003c/a> to cut carbon emissions from industrial facilities like refineries. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002604\">One analysis\u003c/a> found that neighborhoods with increasing pollution during cap and trade’s early years were more likely home to people of color and people living in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law — less stringent than \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\">an earlier version\u003c/a> that died in the Assembly — was supposed to end the unequal pollution burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet many residents and environmental justice advocates say the law pits disadvantaged communities against each other for selection in the program, and its effectiveness varies drastically by air district. In \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/17RD035%20-%20English%20-%20AB%20617%20UC%20Davis%20Report%20Final%20for%20distribution.pdf\">a UC Davis assessment\u003c/a>, participants described a program that fails to provide adequate training for community members who may have language barriers and limited knowledge of topics like refinery flares and pollution controls for ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was like a beautiful thing that was going to bring us something into our communities to protect them from cap and trade, and also try to get the community involved,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/magali-sanchez-hall-4617b048/\">Magali Sanchez-Hall\u003c/a>, an environmental activist and resident of Wilmington, in Los Angeles County. “That’s not what I have experienced, at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/applications/stationary-source-emissions\">a major source\u003c/a> of industrial air pollution, has said it supports the intent of the environmental justice law. But at the negotiating table with legislators, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">it pushed back against stricter controls\u003c/a> over pollution and later tried, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2018-10/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_appendix_c.pdf\">but failed\u003c/a>, to remove language in state guidelines that called for the “most stringent approaches for reducing emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local air regulators list frustrations of their own in implementing the law: insufficient funding, inadequate time to repair community relationships damaged over decades, and no new authority over local governments’ land-use decisions, such as warehouse construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a tremendous amount of frustration between the various community groups and the district,” said Wayne Nastri, executive officer of the South Coast Air Quality Management District, the powerful agency responsible for the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/nav/about\"> air quality of about17 million people\u003c/a> in the Los Angeles basin. “It’s difficult to put those programs together when there isn’t trust between the community groups and the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-asthma-freeways-and-port-pollution-in-stockton\">Asthma, freeways and port pollution in Stockton\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the banks of the \u003ca href=\"http://delta.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Delta-Map-2020-508.pdf\">San Joaquin River\u003c/a> sits Stockton, home to an inland port. Trucks roar over freeways that cleave a city spotted with heavy industry, creased by rail lines and ringed by farm fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicles are a major source of smog and fine particles in South Stockton, with port-related operations accounting for about a quarter of the area’s dangerous diesel exhaust. Two of the 18 Stockton census tracts included in the state \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">program\u003c/a> are ranked within the top 1% of the most pollution-burdened areas in California. Eleven are in the top 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\" alt=\"A large highway over a river.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Interstate 5 cuts over a channel off the San Joaquin River in Stockton, where freeways are a major source of pollution. The city has some of the highest rates of emergency room visits for asthma in the state. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2020-01-22/us-news-special-report-stockton-calif-is-the-most-diverse-city-in-america\">racially diverse cities in the country\u003c/a>, Stockton bears the scars of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f167b251809c43778a2f9f040f43d2f5\">racial residential segregation and redlining\u003c/a>. State and local officials plowed the Crosstown Freeway through communities of color, with demolitions and displacements starting in the late 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the neighborhoods crushed beneath freeway expansion was Little Manila, where only two of the original buildings in a once-vibrant Filipino American community remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton neighborhoods, especially those near the freeways, have some of the highest rates of asthma-related emergency room visits in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo, a second-generation Filipino American who co-founded Little Manila Rising, a community preservation group, is also fighting for clean air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be irresponsible for us to try to save these buildings and expect people to come here, when \u003cem>this,” \u003c/em>said Delvo, gesturing at the freeway looming over him, his voice raised over the roaring trucks, “exists right here. And the fact is that there are families in this community that need to breathe this air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Pana, the consequences of a childhood spent in South Stockton still linger. Her family moved there from the Philippines when she was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pana has gone to the emergency room twice in just the past year for asthma attacks, and uses inhalers and other medications on a daily basis to keep her airways open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just my life, and it was normalized,” said Pana, an aspiring social worker and former youth climate advocate with Little Manila Rising. “It’s not normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining the Community Air Protection Program, however, hasn’t been the salve for generations of environmental racism that Pana, Delvo and others had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo once sat on \u003ca href=\"https://community.valleyair.org/media/1697/member-reference-guide.pdf\">the program’s community steering committee\u003c/a> before a colleague took over the role. Now he wonders whether the law can ever really be effective, given its reliance on air districts like the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District that have long presided over \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sanjoaquinvalley/epa-activities-cleaner-air\">some of the most polluted air in the country\u003c/a>. At a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/hjn8PFJ0M-g?t=8459\">board meeting\u003c/a>, a top air district official called the committee merely a “consultative body” without “any direct authority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903574\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903574\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\" alt=\"A man with glasses stands against a blue wall outside of a building.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, stands in front of a Stockton building that was originally the Filipino Recreation Hall but is now boarded up. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the intention of the legislation is good,” Delvo said. “But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it. That’s the problem. That’s why you have widespread marginalization, specifically in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort in Stockton has been plagued by delays and jurisdictional infighting. One example: A program to monitor the air at local schools that stalled after the Stockton Unified School District refused to host the devices, according to the air district. Stockton Unified representatives did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article253058573.html\">biggest battle\u003c/a> came when advocacy groups questioned a district program to provide $5 million to the port to help pay for cleaner equipment, tugboat engines and a pollution capture device for tankers.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising\"]'I think the intention of the legislation is good. But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it.'[/pullquote]“If this is just a process where we’re handing out money to industry to subsidize expanding their emissions, then that’s not something that [we] can be in support of,” Catherine Garoupa White, executive director of the Central Valley Air Quality Coalition, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MvPAVp7opWU?t=2978\">community steering committee meeting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, state and local regulators approved a plan that eliminated the port incentives, but did not reallocate the $5 million to another Stockton program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home to fertilizer importers, petroleum and biodiesel storage, cement companies, a biomass burning facility and other industries, the port supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofstockton.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/POS_Facts_infographic.pdf\">thousands of jobs\u003c/a>. Another 400 acres are approved for new development. Some of its tenants are planning expansions, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Wingfield, the port’s director of environmental and public affairs, said port expansion and pollution don’t necessarily go hand in hand. About 60% of the port’s cargo-handling equipment is zero emission, he said. Cleaning up operations is costly, so extra funding would help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our annual budget is, like, $50 million. That’s a significant risk, and a significant investment for us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-decades-long-battle-in-la-county-s-port-communities\">A decades-long battle in LA County's port communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 350 miles south, in the southwestern end of Los Angeles County, Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach joined the Community Air Protection Program a year ahead of Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District officials say two sets of important emission-cutting rules enacted last year were accelerated because of the environmental justice law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the region, which is predominantly Latino, live with polluting industries almost in their backyards: \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/chapter-5b---draft---refineries---july-2019.pdf?sfvrsn=4#:~:text=The%20Wilmington%2C%20Carson%2C%20West%20Long,and%20two%20hydrogen%20production%20plants.\">five oil refineries\u003c/a>, nine rail yards, \u003ca href=\"https://www.porttechnology.org/news/top-5-ports-in-the-united-states/\">the nation’s two busiest ports\u003c/a>, 43 miles of freeway, three Superfund hazardous waste sites and other industrial facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Los Angeles/Long Beach port area visit emergency rooms for asthma attacks \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">40% more often\u003c/a> than the state average. And their cancer risk from toxic air, primarily from diesel exhaust, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-v\">35% higher\u003c/a> than the Los Angeles basin’s average in 2018 — although less than \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-iv\">half the estimates\u003c/a> for 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]After months of discussion with community activists, the South Coast Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/final-cerp-wcwlb.pdf?sfvrsn=8\">committed \u003c/a>to cutting smog-forming gases and sulfur from oil refineries in half by 2030, and in November set \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-refinerery-rules-nov5-2021.pdf\">new mandates\u003c/a> to eliminate up to eight tons a day of emissions from 16 oil refineries and other industrial plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules, projected to cost the companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2021/2021-Nov5-034.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than $2 billion\u003c/a>, are intended to satisfy \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the environmental justice law’s requirement\u003c/a> that industries accelerate installation of the best available technology to control smog-forming emissions and other pollution. They also play a key role in the Los Angeles basin’s latest efforts to comply with national health standards for smog — a half-century-long quest for the nation’s smoggiest region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their negotiations, oil companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/Proposed-Rules/1109.1/wspa-pr1109-1-small-refinery-heaters-comment-letter-to-scaqmd-august-4-2021-(final)---copy.pdf?sfvrsn=4\">asked the district\u003c/a> to prove “both technical feasibility and cost effectiveness” and “provide a reasonable schedule” to install new technology on refinery heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the timelines stretch to 2035 — far beyond the law’s Dec. 31, 2023, deadline. About half of the emissions reductions are expected by next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another measure adopted last year takes aim at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-waisr-may7-2021.pdf\">diesel exhaust and smog-forming gases \u003c/a>from Southern California’s warehouses, a growing source in the San Bernardino area, which is another of the 15 communities in the state’s environmental justice program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2021/reg6_5_210721_2021_023-pdf.pdf?la=en\">The Bay Area also enacted a rule \u003c/a>last year to cut refinery pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach area, advocates called the new refinery rule a limited victory that has taken, and will take, far too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now all eyes have turned to pollution from the ports, where recent shipping backups have caused soot and smog to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/SPBP_Congestion_Anchorage_Emissions_Final.pdf\">skyrocket\u003c/a>. After years of negotiations with the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, the air district board decided that if the port fails to come up with an acceptable \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/fbmsm-docs/08112021-draft-marine-ports-mou-pola-polb-staff.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">clean-air plan\u003c/a> by this Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan/facility-based-mobile-source-measures/comm-ports-wkng-grp\">the board will draft mandatory rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a battle to get clean-air regulation,” said Chris Chavez, who grew up in West Long Beach and is now deputy policy director with the Coalition for Clean Air. “It’s just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-community-groups-call-for-change\">Community groups call for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After more than four years, the law has reached an inflection point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/PBP%20Writers%20Group%20Draft%20for%20CARB%202021.09.08_acc.pdf\">The People’s Blueprint\u003c/a>, proposed by community groups and environmental advocates, seeks explicit new policies and training promoting equity and inclusion. It also calls for greater transparency and community control over budgets, and consequences for air districts that fail to show progress or act without community input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State air board officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Blueprint%20Process%209.8.21%20FNL_v3.pdf\">are reviewing\u003c/a> the proposal, and plan to draft new guidelines expected to be considered next year. “There is nothing off the table,” the air board’s Reyes told CalMatters. “We really need to find ways to expand the benefits of the program … because it’s not sustainable, especially if the funding levels stay consistent in the way that they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians live in thousands of census tracts the state \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2017/04/SB-535-Designation-Final.pdf\">considers disadvantaged\u003c/a>, in part because they may bear disproportionate burdens of pollution. Focusing on only 15 communities “is not satisfying,” said Garcia, the original bill's author. “We’re leaving behind a bunch of potential communities, and they all deserve justice.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Chris Chavez, deputy policy director, Coalition for Clean Air\"]'It's still a battle to get clean air regulation. It's just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.'[/pullquote]Legislative efforts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccair.org/advancing-environmental-justice-through-law/\">to tackle environmental justice\u003c/a> more widely, however, have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Garcia introduced a bill barring refineries and other facilities that fail to promptly install the latest pollution-scrubbing technology from participating in cap and trade. Bills in the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1296\">Assembly\u003c/a> proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">adding environmental justice representatives\u003c/a> to the Los Angeles basin air district’s board. Two more bills tried to take aim at \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB499\">industrial\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">warehouse\u003c/a> expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None succeeded, though some have \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">already\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1001\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">revived\u003c/a> for another pass through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, residents across the state are still waiting to find out whether California’s landmark environmental justice law will make a difference in their daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If not, “then community members and organizations have to take matters into their own hands,” Pana said, standing outside her old school in Stockton. “We’re going to keep fighting for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The 2017 law is meant to improve air quality in 15 hot spot communities, home to nearly 4 million people. But after more than 4 years and $1 billion invested, it remains unclear how much of a difference it's made.\r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1643759286,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://calmatters-ab617-maps.netlify.app/#amp=1"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":79,"wordCount":3615},"headData":{"title":"'The Jury's Out': Is California's Landmark Environmental Justice Law Helping Communities With the Dirtiest Air? | KQED","description":"The 2017 law is meant to improve air quality in 15 hot spot communities, home to nearly 4 million people. But after more than 4 years and $1 billion invested, it remains unclear how much of a difference it's made.\r\n\r\n","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'The Jury's Out': Is California's Landmark Environmental Justice Law Helping Communities With the Dirtiest Air?","datePublished":"2022-02-01T21:56:08.000Z","dateModified":"2022-02-01T23:48:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11903447 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11903447","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/02/01/the-jurys-out-is-californias-landmark-environmental-justice-law-helping-communities-with-the-dirtiest-air/","disqusTitle":"'The Jury's Out': Is California's Landmark Environmental Justice Law Helping Communities With the Dirtiest Air?","source":"CalMatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/rachel-becker/\">Rachel Becker\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11903447/the-jurys-out-is-californias-landmark-environmental-justice-law-helping-communities-with-the-dirtiest-air","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The South Stockton classroom where Ashley Pearl Pana spent recess trapped indoors is still there, 16 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the wind stirred up dust and soot, when the sun stewed smokestack and tailpipe exhaust into smog, when pollution squeezed her airways, Pana’s asthma forced her inside, behind the classroom’s closed door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the kids were playing outside, and I’d just watch them through the windows,” Pana, now 23, said while visiting her old elementary school. A new generation of children, masked against COVID-19’s newest threats to still-developing lungs, ran in the playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life, something I have to be constantly aware about.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Ashley Pearl Pana, Stockton resident","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It was a clear day, the kind that makes South Stockton’s consistently filthy air difficult to imagine. But in \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/calenviroscreen/maps-data\">one of California’s most dangerously polluted communities\u003c/a>, emergency room visits for asthma attacks are among the highest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what, air quality is always an issue in my life,” Pana said, “something I have to be constantly aware about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">Assembly Bill 617, passed in 2017\u003c/a>, requires local air districts and the state Air Resources Board to reduce air pollution in marginalized communities. The law established the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">Community Air Protection Program\u003c/a>, which tasks residents and local officials with shaping regulations and steering state money to a handful of hot spots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hailed as “\u003ca href=\"https://blogs.edf.org/climate411/2017/07/12/california-models-climate-and-air-pollution-action-with-balanced-approach/\">unprecedented\u003c/a>” by some environmental groups, the law was supposed to create a program to measure and combat air pollution at the neighborhood level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, more than $1 billion in state funds has been appropriated for community grants, industry incentives and government costs. But it's still not possible to gauge whether the program will improve the smoggy and toxic air that almost 4 million people breathe in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">15 communities.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp-communities\">communities\u003c/a> — including Richmond, West Oakland, Stockton, San Bernardino and Wilmington — have high poverty rates and are predominantly Latino, Black and Asian American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, even as the law’s clean-air program prepares to fold in new neighborhoods, a major question lingers: Is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The jury’s out,” said \u003ca href=\"https://humanecology.ucdavis.edu/jonathan-london\">Jonathan London\u003c/a>, an associate professor of human ecology at UC Davis who is keeping tabs on the law. It’s “an ongoing experiment with the potential for significant benefits, but also significant obstacles.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates have called the law \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/2017/07/justice-deferred-a-break-down-of-californias-cap-trade-bill-from-the-environmental-justice-perspective/\">toothless\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://caleja.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/CEJA_AB617_r4-2.pdf\">warn that\u003c/a> it has “largely failed to produce the promised quantifiable, permanent, and enforceable emissions reductions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1399px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903595\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png\" alt=\"Left photo: A woman wearing glasses. Right photo: A woman's hands, filled with various breathing medications.\" width=\"1399\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM.png 1399w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-800x277.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-1020x354.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/Screen-Shot-2022-02-01-at-1.29.49-PM-160x55.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1399px) 100vw, 1399px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ashley Pearl Pana (left) in South Stockton, where she grew up. Pana (right) shows the inhalers and other medication she uses daily to manage her asthma. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The struggle to achieve the law’s ambitious goals has been marked by battles between residents and local air regulators, and by jurisdictional juggling among agencies, each responsible for a different portion of pollution. Meanwhile, people continue to suffer from inhaling dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it having the improvements that I want it to have, at the level that I wanted to have? No, we need a lot more,” said Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://a58.asmdc.org/\">Cristina Garcia\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Bell Gardens, who authored the bill. “Is it engaging the community and empowering them, so they could push for change? Oh, definitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is just one tool — and, its author acknowledges, an imperfect one at that — intending to fix decades of environmental racism, questionable land-use decisions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2021/11/california-housing-crisis-podcast-freeways/\">freeway construction\u003c/a> that have left \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/attach/2019/02/cv-air-pollution-CA-web.pdf\">poor communities of color\u003c/a> hemmed in \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">by California’s industrial corridors\u003c/a>. It’s a monumental task, and experts say no one law will be a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At stake is the health of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f555670d30a942e4b46b18293e2795a7\">millions of people\u003c/a> who live near California’s refineries, ports and freeways that are the sources of smog and other toxic pollutants that trigger asthma attacks and have been linked to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Air Resources Board staff recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/board/mt/2021/mt102821.pdf?_ga=2.69808464.133961995.1641835269-324582198.1598231589\">called it\u003c/a> “a catalyst to change the way we work with communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet some Stockton residents and community groups have had a far different experience, tangling with local air regulators about funding decisions and delayed air-pollution monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the beginning of this process, we were all kumbaya,” said Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, a historic preservation organization turned environmental justice group in South Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end,” he said, “it was terrible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-tremendous-amount-of-frustration\">'Tremendous amount of frustration'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than half a century, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/history\">state\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/research/publications/50-years-of-progress\">local air regulators\u003c/a> have enacted pioneering rules to clean up pollution from smokestacks and tailpipes. Trailblazing mandates \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/03/california-diesel-rules/\">to tackle diesel exhaust\u003c/a> — a known carcinogen — and other toxic air contaminants \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b02766\">cut Californians’ risk of getting cancer from bad air by 76%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it hasn’t been enough. Parts of California still have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lung.org/research/sota/city-rankings/most-polluted-cities\">worst air quality in the country\u003c/a>, with about 87% of Californians living in areas that exceeded federal healthy air standards in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Joaquin Valley alone, breathing fine particles is estimated to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/clean-air-plan-san-joaquin-valley-first-meet-all-federal-standards-fine-particle-pollution\">1,200 premature deaths\u003c/a> from respiratory and heart disease per year. Poor communities of color are still exposed to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-03/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_acc.pdf\">double the cancer-causing diesel exhaust\u003c/a> than that of their more affluent neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://calmatters-ab617-maps.netlify.app/#amp=1\" width=\"1000\" height=\"780\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia’s law aimed to tackle pollution hot spots by creating a greater role for community activists and residents in the complex regulatory process. Local air districts responsible for regulating smokestack pollution must now work with communities to craft clean-air plans. The law also calls for increased air monitoring, bigger fines for polluters and faster deployment of new pollution-scrubbing retrofits on smokestacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/carb-announces-new-director-office-community-air-protection#:~:text=SACRAMENTO%20%E2%80%93%20Today%20CARB%20Executive%20Officer,Community%20Air%20Protection%20(DOCAP).\">Deldi Reyes\u003c/a>, director of the Air Resources Board’s Office of Community Air Protection, told board members at an October meeting that there has been progress since the environmental justice law was enacted, with an estimated 75 tons of fine particles expected to be cut across 11 communities — equivalent to removing 75,000 heavy-duty diesel trucks from California roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the law\u003c/a> nor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/final-community-air-protection-blueprint\">the state-developed guidelines\u003c/a> for its implementation include specific targets for measurably improving air quality or public health in the selected communities. Though the program relies heavily on time and effort from community members, decision-making is ultimately left to state and local air regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d like to see more accountability built into the program,” said \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/about/leadership/john-r-balmes-md\">Dr. John Balmes\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at UCSF and a member of the California Air Resources Board. “I don’t think that’s too much to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes, however, urged patience. \u003ca href=\"https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/board/books/2021/102821/21-11-3pres.pdf\">Of the 15 communities\u003c/a>, three are still developing their clean-air plans and four are in their first year of implementation, she said. “It’s just too early to point to any of the communities and say, ‘Oh, they haven’t met their goals.’ Air quality does not change on a dime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An environmental justice advocate in Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://woeip.org/about-woeip/margaret-gordon/\">Margaret Gordon\u003c/a>, agreed. “This is not instant. This is not Top Ramen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">Even the law’s birth\u003c/a> was contentious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation was framed as a companion to a bill \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/08/california-climate-deal-net-big-bucks-polluters/\">extending the life of cap and trade\u003c/a>, California’s trailblazing carbon market designed to reduce climate-warming emissions. Under cap and trade, companies operating refineries, power plants and other industrial facilities can buy or trade credits to meet a declining cap on greenhouse gases without cutting local pollution.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"environmental-justice"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Environmental justice advocates fought the cap-and-trade extension, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2017/07/pollution-bill-legislature-just-passed-downpayment-environmental-justice/\">declaring it a “deal with the devil”\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/reporttopics/envother/env17_other/From-Plan-to-Progress-Appendix-A.pdf\">usurped local power\u003c/a> to cut carbon emissions from industrial facilities like refineries. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002604\">One analysis\u003c/a> found that neighborhoods with increasing pollution during cap and trade’s early years were more likely home to people of color and people living in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law — less stringent than \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB378\">an earlier version\u003c/a> that died in the Assembly — was supposed to end the unequal pollution burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet many residents and environmental justice advocates say the law pits disadvantaged communities against each other for selection in the program, and its effectiveness varies drastically by air district. In \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/17RD035%20-%20English%20-%20AB%20617%20UC%20Davis%20Report%20Final%20for%20distribution.pdf\">a UC Davis assessment\u003c/a>, participants described a program that fails to provide adequate training for community members who may have language barriers and limited knowledge of topics like refinery flares and pollution controls for ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was like a beautiful thing that was going to bring us something into our communities to protect them from cap and trade, and also try to get the community involved,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/magali-sanchez-hall-4617b048/\">Magali Sanchez-Hall\u003c/a>, an environmental activist and resident of Wilmington, in Los Angeles County. “That’s not what I have experienced, at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/applications/stationary-source-emissions\">a major source\u003c/a> of industrial air pollution, has said it supports the intent of the environmental justice law. But at the negotiating table with legislators, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2017/07/california-environmental-success-poor-communities-remain-polluted/\">it pushed back against stricter controls\u003c/a> over pollution and later tried, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2018-10/final_community_air_protection_blueprint_october_2018_appendix_c.pdf\">but failed\u003c/a>, to remove language in state guidelines that called for the “most stringent approaches for reducing emissions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and local air regulators list frustrations of their own in implementing the law: insufficient funding, inadequate time to repair community relationships damaged over decades, and no new authority over local governments’ land-use decisions, such as warehouse construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a tremendous amount of frustration between the various community groups and the district,” said Wayne Nastri, executive officer of the South Coast Air Quality Management District, the powerful agency responsible for the\u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/nav/about\"> air quality of about17 million people\u003c/a> in the Los Angeles basin. “It’s difficult to put those programs together when there isn’t trust between the community groups and the regulators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-asthma-freeways-and-port-pollution-in-stockton\">Asthma, freeways and port pollution in Stockton\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On the banks of the \u003ca href=\"http://delta.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Delta-Map-2020-508.pdf\">San Joaquin River\u003c/a> sits Stockton, home to an inland port. Trucks roar over freeways that cleave a city spotted with heavy industry, creased by rail lines and ringed by farm fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicles are a major source of smog and fine particles in South Stockton, with port-related operations accounting for about a quarter of the area’s dangerous diesel exhaust. Two of the 18 Stockton census tracts included in the state \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/capp\">program\u003c/a> are ranked within the top 1% of the most pollution-burdened areas in California. Eleven are in the top 25%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903575\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903575\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg\" alt=\"A large highway over a river.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_642-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Interstate 5 cuts over a channel off the San Joaquin River in Stockton, where freeways are a major source of pollution. The city has some of the highest rates of emergency room visits for asthma in the state. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/info/blogs/press-room/articles/2020-01-22/us-news-special-report-stockton-calif-is-the-most-diverse-city-in-america\">racially diverse cities in the country\u003c/a>, Stockton bears the scars of \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f167b251809c43778a2f9f040f43d2f5\">racial residential segregation and redlining\u003c/a>. State and local officials plowed the Crosstown Freeway through communities of color, with demolitions and displacements starting in the late 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the neighborhoods crushed beneath freeway expansion was Little Manila, where only two of the original buildings in a once-vibrant Filipino American community remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton neighborhoods, especially those near the freeways, have some of the highest rates of asthma-related emergency room visits in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo, a second-generation Filipino American who co-founded Little Manila Rising, a community preservation group, is also fighting for clean air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be irresponsible for us to try to save these buildings and expect people to come here, when \u003cem>this,” \u003c/em>said Delvo, gesturing at the freeway looming over him, his voice raised over the roaring trucks, “exists right here. And the fact is that there are families in this community that need to breathe this air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Pana, the consequences of a childhood spent in South Stockton still linger. Her family moved there from the Philippines when she was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pana has gone to the emergency room twice in just the past year for asthma attacks, and uses inhalers and other medications on a daily basis to keep her airways open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s just my life, and it was normalized,” said Pana, an aspiring social worker and former youth climate advocate with Little Manila Rising. “It’s not normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining the Community Air Protection Program, however, hasn’t been the salve for generations of environmental racism that Pana, Delvo and others had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delvo once sat on \u003ca href=\"https://community.valleyair.org/media/1697/member-reference-guide.pdf\">the program’s community steering committee\u003c/a> before a colleague took over the role. Now he wonders whether the law can ever really be effective, given its reliance on air districts like the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District that have long presided over \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sanjoaquinvalley/epa-activities-cleaner-air\">some of the most polluted air in the country\u003c/a>. At a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/hjn8PFJ0M-g?t=8459\">board meeting\u003c/a>, a top air district official called the committee merely a “consultative body” without “any direct authority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903574\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903574\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg\" alt=\"A man with glasses stands against a blue wall outside of a building.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690.jpeg 1024w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-1020x679.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/101321-_Stockton_Pollution_FG_CM_690-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, stands in front of a Stockton building that was originally the Filipino Recreation Hall but is now boarded up. \u003ccite>(Fred Greaves/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think the intention of the legislation is good,” Delvo said. “But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it. That’s the problem. That’s why you have widespread marginalization, specifically in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort in Stockton has been plagued by delays and jurisdictional infighting. One example: A program to monitor the air at local schools that stalled after the Stockton Unified School District refused to host the devices, according to the air district. Stockton Unified representatives did not respond to multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/op-ed/article253058573.html\">biggest battle\u003c/a> came when advocacy groups questioned a district program to provide $5 million to the port to help pay for cleaner equipment, tugboat engines and a pollution capture device for tankers.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I think the intention of the legislation is good. But once it comes into the hands of whatever local agency is controlling it, they control the outcome of it.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If this is just a process where we’re handing out money to industry to subsidize expanding their emissions, then that’s not something that [we] can be in support of,” Catherine Garoupa White, executive director of the Central Valley Air Quality Coalition, said at a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MvPAVp7opWU?t=2978\">community steering committee meeting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, state and local regulators approved a plan that eliminated the port incentives, but did not reallocate the $5 million to another Stockton program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Home to fertilizer importers, petroleum and biodiesel storage, cement companies, a biomass burning facility and other industries, the port supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.portofstockton.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/POS_Facts_infographic.pdf\">thousands of jobs\u003c/a>. Another 400 acres are approved for new development. Some of its tenants are planning expansions, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jeff Wingfield, the port’s director of environmental and public affairs, said port expansion and pollution don’t necessarily go hand in hand. About 60% of the port’s cargo-handling equipment is zero emission, he said. Cleaning up operations is costly, so extra funding would help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our annual budget is, like, $50 million. That’s a significant risk, and a significant investment for us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-decades-long-battle-in-la-county-s-port-communities\">A decades-long battle in LA County's port communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About 350 miles south, in the southwestern end of Los Angeles County, Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach joined the Community Air Protection Program a year ahead of Stockton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District officials say two sets of important emission-cutting rules enacted last year were accelerated because of the environmental justice law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the region, which is predominantly Latino, live with polluting industries almost in their backyards: \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/chapter-5b---draft---refineries---july-2019.pdf?sfvrsn=4#:~:text=The%20Wilmington%2C%20Carson%2C%20West%20Long,and%20two%20hydrogen%20production%20plants.\">five oil refineries\u003c/a>, nine rail yards, \u003ca href=\"https://www.porttechnology.org/news/top-5-ports-in-the-united-states/\">the nation’s two busiest ports\u003c/a>, 43 miles of freeway, three Superfund hazardous waste sites and other industrial facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents in the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Los Angeles/Long Beach port area visit emergency rooms for asthma attacks \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">40% more often\u003c/a> than the state average. And their cancer risk from toxic air, primarily from diesel exhaust, was \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-v\">35% higher\u003c/a> than the Los Angeles basin’s average in 2018 — although less than \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-studies/health-studies/mates-iv\">half the estimates\u003c/a> for 2012 and 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>After months of discussion with community activists, the South Coast Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ab-617-ab-134/steering-committees/wilmington/cerp/final-cerp-wcwlb.pdf?sfvrsn=8\">committed \u003c/a>to cutting smog-forming gases and sulfur from oil refineries in half by 2030, and in November set \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-refinerery-rules-nov5-2021.pdf\">new mandates\u003c/a> to eliminate up to eight tons a day of emissions from 16 oil refineries and other industrial plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules, projected to cost the companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2021/2021-Nov5-034.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than $2 billion\u003c/a>, are intended to satisfy \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB617\">the environmental justice law’s requirement\u003c/a> that industries accelerate installation of the best available technology to control smog-forming emissions and other pollution. They also play a key role in the Los Angeles basin’s latest efforts to comply with national health standards for smog — a half-century-long quest for the nation’s smoggiest region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their negotiations, oil companies \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/Proposed-Rules/1109.1/wspa-pr1109-1-small-refinery-heaters-comment-letter-to-scaqmd-august-4-2021-(final)---copy.pdf?sfvrsn=4\">asked the district\u003c/a> to prove “both technical feasibility and cost effectiveness” and “provide a reasonable schedule” to install new technology on refinery heaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the timelines stretch to 2035 — far beyond the law’s Dec. 31, 2023, deadline. About half of the emissions reductions are expected by next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another measure adopted last year takes aim at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/news-archive/2021/board-adopts-waisr-may7-2021.pdf\">diesel exhaust and smog-forming gases \u003c/a>from Southern California’s warehouses, a growing source in the San Bernardino area, which is another of the 15 communities in the state’s environmental justice program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2021/reg6_5_210721_2021_023-pdf.pdf?la=en\">The Bay Area also enacted a rule \u003c/a>last year to cut refinery pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the Wilmington, Carson and West Long Beach area, advocates called the new refinery rule a limited victory that has taken, and will take, far too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now all eyes have turned to pollution from the ports, where recent shipping backups have caused soot and smog to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/SPBP_Congestion_Anchorage_Emissions_Final.pdf\">skyrocket\u003c/a>. After years of negotiations with the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, the air district board decided that if the port fails to come up with an acceptable \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/fbmsm-docs/08112021-draft-marine-ports-mou-pola-polb-staff.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">clean-air plan\u003c/a> by this Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan/facility-based-mobile-source-measures/comm-ports-wkng-grp\">the board will draft mandatory rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s still a battle to get clean-air regulation,” said Chris Chavez, who grew up in West Long Beach and is now deputy policy director with the Coalition for Clean Air. “It’s just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-community-groups-call-for-change\">Community groups call for change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After more than four years, the law has reached an inflection point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/PBP%20Writers%20Group%20Draft%20for%20CARB%202021.09.08_acc.pdf\">The People’s Blueprint\u003c/a>, proposed by community groups and environmental advocates, seeks explicit new policies and training promoting equity and inclusion. It also calls for greater transparency and community control over budgets, and consequences for air districts that fail to show progress or act without community input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State air board officials \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Blueprint%20Process%209.8.21%20FNL_v3.pdf\">are reviewing\u003c/a> the proposal, and plan to draft new guidelines expected to be considered next year. “There is nothing off the table,” the air board’s Reyes told CalMatters. “We really need to find ways to expand the benefits of the program … because it’s not sustainable, especially if the funding levels stay consistent in the way that they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians live in thousands of census tracts the state \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2017/04/SB-535-Designation-Final.pdf\">considers disadvantaged\u003c/a>, in part because they may bear disproportionate burdens of pollution. Focusing on only 15 communities “is not satisfying,” said Garcia, the original bill's author. “We’re leaving behind a bunch of potential communities, and they all deserve justice.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It's still a battle to get clean air regulation. It's just that we have a better shot at it now than we had a couple years ago.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Chris Chavez, deputy policy director, Coalition for Clean Air","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Legislative efforts \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccair.org/advancing-environmental-justice-through-law/\">to tackle environmental justice\u003c/a> more widely, however, have stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Garcia introduced a bill barring refineries and other facilities that fail to promptly install the latest pollution-scrubbing technology from participating in cap and trade. Bills in the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">Senate\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1296\">Assembly\u003c/a> proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">adding environmental justice representatives\u003c/a> to the Los Angeles basin air district’s board. Two more bills tried to take aim at \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB499\">industrial\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">warehouse\u003c/a> expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None succeeded, though some have \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB342\">already\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1001\">been\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1547\">revived\u003c/a> for another pass through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, residents across the state are still waiting to find out whether California’s landmark environmental justice law will make a difference in their daily lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If not, “then community members and organizations have to take matters into their own hands,” Pana said, standing outside her old school in Stockton. “We’re going to keep fighting for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11903447/the-jurys-out-is-californias-landmark-environmental-justice-law-helping-communities-with-the-dirtiest-air","authors":["byline_news_11903447"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_2036","news_2928","news_18299"],"featImg":"news_11903576","label":"source_news_11903447"},"news_11899974":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11899974","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11899974","score":null,"sort":[1640181601000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","title":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California","publishDate":1640181601,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":253,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California officials have filed a statewide lawsuit against Walmart Inc. alleging that the company illegally disposed of hazardous waste at landfills across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Walmart%20Complaint.pdf\">42-page document filed Monday by state prosecutors\u003c/a>, the lawsuit alleges the retail giant illegally dumped nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta and 12 California district attorneys said Walmart violated California's environmental laws and regulations by dumping hazardous waste products at landfills that aren't equipped to handle the materials, including alkaline and lithium batteries, insect killer sprays, aerosol cans, toxic cleaning supplies and LED lightbulbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rob Bonta, California Attorney General\"]'Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year.'[/pullquote]The lawsuit also claims Walmart dumped \"confidential customer information\" at these landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year. From there, these products may seep into the state's drinking water as toxic pollutants or into the air as dangerous gases,\" Bonta said \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-announces-statewide-lawsuit-against-walmart-illegal\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said the lawsuit filed against the retail giant should serve as a warning to the state's \"worst offenders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement to NPR, Walmart said the company will defend itself and said the lawsuit is \"unjustified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have met with the state numerous times and walked them through our industry-leading hazardous waste compliance programs in an effort to avoid litigation. Instead, they filed this unjustified lawsuit,\" Walmart spokesperson Randy Hargrove said. \"The state is demanding a level of compliance regarding waste disposal from our stores of common household products and other items that goes beyond what is required by law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest lawsuit filed against Walmart isn't the company's first with the state of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='environment']In 2010, the California Attorney General's Office reached a $25 million settlement against the retail giant for illegally disposing of hazardous waste. But according to the attorney general's office, a 2015 inspection found that Walmart continued to dump waste illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart is a responsible corporate citizen in California and everywhere we operate. We take our obligation to protect the environment seriously and have industry-leading processes in place to comply with local, state and federal environmental laws,\" Hargrove said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, California investigators said 58 inspections of trash compactors taken from Walmart stores found dozens of items classified as either hazardous waste, medical waste or customer records with personal information.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"State prosecutors accuse Walmart of illegally dumping nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1640203136,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":458},"headData":{"title":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California | KQED","description":"State prosecutors accuse Walmart of illegally dumping nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California","datePublished":"2021-12-22T14:00:01.000Z","dateModified":"2021-12-22T19:58:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11899974 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11899974","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/12/22/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california/","disqusTitle":"Walmart Faces Lawsuit for Allegedly Dumping Enormous Amounts of Toxic Waste in California","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/1019412563/jonathan-franklin\">Jonathan Franklin\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11899974/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California officials have filed a statewide lawsuit against Walmart Inc. alleging that the company illegally disposed of hazardous waste at landfills across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Walmart%20Complaint.pdf\">42-page document filed Monday by state prosecutors\u003c/a>, the lawsuit alleges the retail giant illegally dumped nearly 160,000 pounds of hazardous waste, or more than 1 million items, each year in California over the last six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta and 12 California district attorneys said Walmart violated California's environmental laws and regulations by dumping hazardous waste products at landfills that aren't equipped to handle the materials, including alkaline and lithium batteries, insect killer sprays, aerosol cans, toxic cleaning supplies and LED lightbulbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Rob Bonta, California Attorney General","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The lawsuit also claims Walmart dumped \"confidential customer information\" at these landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart's own audits found that the company is dumping hazardous waste at local landfills at a rate of more than one million items each year. From there, these products may seep into the state's drinking water as toxic pollutants or into the air as dangerous gases,\" Bonta said \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-announces-statewide-lawsuit-against-walmart-illegal\">in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said the lawsuit filed against the retail giant should serve as a warning to the state's \"worst offenders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement to NPR, Walmart said the company will defend itself and said the lawsuit is \"unjustified.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have met with the state numerous times and walked them through our industry-leading hazardous waste compliance programs in an effort to avoid litigation. Instead, they filed this unjustified lawsuit,\" Walmart spokesperson Randy Hargrove said. \"The state is demanding a level of compliance regarding waste disposal from our stores of common household products and other items that goes beyond what is required by law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest lawsuit filed against Walmart isn't the company's first with the state of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"environment"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 2010, the California Attorney General's Office reached a $25 million settlement against the retail giant for illegally disposing of hazardous waste. But according to the attorney general's office, a 2015 inspection found that Walmart continued to dump waste illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Walmart is a responsible corporate citizen in California and everywhere we operate. We take our obligation to protect the environment seriously and have industry-leading processes in place to comply with local, state and federal environmental laws,\" Hargrove said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, California investigators said 58 inspections of trash compactors taken from Walmart stores found dozens of items classified as either hazardous waste, medical waste or customer records with personal information.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11899974/walmart-faces-lawsuit-for-allegedly-dumping-enormous-amounts-of-toxic-waste-in-california","authors":["byline_news_11899974"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20023","news_18299","news_25283","news_30354","news_5798","news_24849","news_2920","news_3674","news_20830","news_1563"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11899993","label":"news_253"},"news_11897470":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11897470","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11897470","score":null,"sort":[1637977508000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ahead-of-californias-ban-on-gas-powered-tools-some-landscapers-call-the-states-subsidy-inadequate","title":"Ahead of California's Ban on Gas-Powered Tools, Some Landscapers Call the State's Subsidy Inadequate","publishDate":1637977508,"format":"standard","headTitle":"CALmatters | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18481,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/calmatters-en-espanol/2021/11/un-cupon-del-50-de-descuento-para-una-herramienta-electrica-los-jardineros-dicen-que-el-subsidio-de-california-es-inadecuado/\">\u003cem>Leer en español.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Gov. Gavin Newsom has signed a bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977168/the-sounds-of-silence-california-bans-new-gas-powered-leaf-blowers\">banning the sale of most new gas-powered tools by 2024\u003c/a>, gardeners and landscapers say a $30 million state subsidy isn’t nearly enough to help small operators make the switch to electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency responsible for administering the subsidy estimates it has only enough to give each self-employed gardener a 50% coupon for one tool, far from the truckload of leaf blowers, lawn mowers, small chain saws, brush cutters and trimmers most haul around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"science_1977168\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS52049_GettyImages-1346603572-qut-1020x695.jpg\"]In fact, local governments have learned they need to offer more. In Southern California, a regional air quality district that has been running a similar incentive program since 2017, saw few takers until it increased rebates to 75% per tool. The district paired that with an outreach program and encouraged landscapers to test electric equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board is still figuring out who will qualify for the rebate, and Assemblymember Marc Berman, one of the authors of the bill, said he’s open to adding more funding if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s not make the perfect be the enemy of the good,” said the Menlo Park Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists hailed the first-in-the-nation law for advancing California’s clean energy goals, noting the state estimates that smog-forming pollution from small gas-powered engines will surpass emissions from passenger cars this year. But electrifying the landscaping industry creates financial and physical burdens for the estimated 60,000 one-person and often unlicensed landscaping operations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes373011.htm\">an industry that sees an average income under $40,000 a year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897482\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897482 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03.jpg\" alt=\"A chain saw lies on the ground, next to a red gasoline tank.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chain saw and gas can on the ground during fire mitigation work at a property along Via Floreado in Orinda on Nov. 16, 2021. Ken’s Rototilling and Landscaping owns around 50 gas-powered tools that could be affected by a state ban on new small gas motors. \u003ccite>(Aric Crabb/Bay Area News Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s an argument for subsidizing the transition. An electric leaf blower and batteries cost nearly twice as much as a comparable gas version. California estimates that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/barcu/regact/2021/sore21/isor.pdf#page=22\">a full transition of nearly 3 million tools used by landscaping professionals will cost $1.29 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan, a landscaper who asked to be identified by his first name only because he fears losing business, uses a mix of electric and gas equipment. The electric ones fall short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have 10 to 15 houses a day right now, but with electric [tools], I may do seven or five houses a day,” he said. That’s a loss of $1,000 a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, Bryan has told his kid he can’t afford books or a new laptop. The cost of a full conversion by purchasing all electric tools, he said, would require him to raise prices 30%. He fears his residential clients will purchase their own tools and do it themselves, pushing him out of a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the bill was signed, Berman and Assemblymember Lorena Gonzalez of San Diego called it a win for both the environment and human health. Electric tools have already been widely adopted by California homeowners, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/3.24.21%20Workshop%20Staff%20Presentation.pdf\">but only a fraction of commercial landscaping companies have made the switch, according to a 2018 survey by the air resources board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"science_1977672\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/RS52246_029_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]At that time, 8 in 10 landscapers said they planned on buying gas-powered equipment with many prioritizing performance, run time and cost. But operating a gas-powered leaf blower for one hour, for example, emits the same amount of pollution as driving a Toyota Camry from Los Angeles to Denver, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawn equipment conversion will bring the rest of the state in line with cities such as Palo Alto, Los Altos and Menlo Park, which have already banned noisy leaf blowers. The law also directs the air resources board to come up with statewide regulations for other small motor equipment, such as golf carts, small generators and power washers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the landscaping industry, the main target of the ban, says the transition has already been costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Wood purchased four batteries for his electric leaf blower after a number of communities in the Bay Area banned gas-powered leaf blowers. Woods, who owns a small landscaping business, immediately noticed the batteries don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never spent $200 on something that lasted 45 minutes,” Wood said, “and it doesn’t last for six to eight houses a day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the batteries drain, Wood’s two employees resort to raking, which takes three times as long to complete a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests back him up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Reports rated gas and electric tools, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/lawn-mowers-and-tractors/ego-electric-mower-vs-honda-gas-mower-face-off-a6853992124/\">lawn mowers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/leaf-blowers/buying-guide/index.htm\">leaf blowers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/leaf-blowers/buying-guide/index.htm\">string trimmers\u003c/a>, side by side. The nonprofit consumer organization found that battery-powered tools, with low maintenance and ease of use, were strong candidates for homeowners with less than an acre of land who could wait to recharge their batteries. But when it came to larger plots, more robust weeds to whack, or long hours of use, gas tools excelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As an industry, we want this [battery-powered] equipment to be able to handle what we throw at it,” said Sandra Giarde, executive director of the California Landscape Contractors Association. “But it’s not there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897483\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11897483\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01.jpg\" alt=\"A man holds up a chainsaw in the outdoors and looks up at the canopy.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jorge Mijango of Ken's Rototilling and Landscaping uses a chain saw to cut trees for fire mitigation at a property along Via Floreado in Orinda on Nov. 16, 2021. The landscaping company owns around 50 gas-powered tools that could be affected by a state ban on new small gas motors. \u003ccite>(Aric Crabb/Bay Area News Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The air resources board said the technology is close enough. While electric tools may not have the same power, they offer other benefits, such as longer life span, better torque for some tools and savings on gas and maintenance, said air pollution specialist Christopher Dilbeck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that, yes, there will be substantial costs associated with what we are proposing,” said Dilbeck. “That is part of why this funding is available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='climate']The board, which will allocate the state’s $30 million subsidy, has yet to release how it will hand out incentives other than saying it will target small operators, including those without a business license. In one scenario, California could offer 12,000 small landscapers a 50% discount on all their new tools, or every sole proprietor could receive a 50% discount on one tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are not going to be able to get the jobs done as fast,” said Ken Tamplen, owner of Ken’s Rototilling and Landscaping in Contra Costa County. “You’re not going to be able to make as much money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California will ban most new gas-powered lawn equipment starting in 2024, but industry officials say the $30 million incentive program for small operators is not enough.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1638219353,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1197},"headData":{"title":"Ahead of California's Ban on Gas-Powered Tools, Some Landscapers Call the State's Subsidy Inadequate | KQED","description":"California will ban most new gas-powered lawn equipment starting in 2024, but industry officials say the $30 million incentive program for small operators is not enough.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Ahead of California's Ban on Gas-Powered Tools, Some Landscapers Call the State's Subsidy Inadequate","datePublished":"2021-11-27T01:45:08.000Z","dateModified":"2021-11-29T20:55:53.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11897470 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11897470","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/11/26/ahead-of-californias-ban-on-gas-powered-tools-some-landscapers-call-the-states-subsidy-inadequate/","disqusTitle":"Ahead of California's Ban on Gas-Powered Tools, Some Landscapers Call the State's Subsidy Inadequate","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/jesse-bedayn/\">Jesse Bedayn\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11897470/ahead-of-californias-ban-on-gas-powered-tools-some-landscapers-call-the-states-subsidy-inadequate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/calmatters-en-espanol/2021/11/un-cupon-del-50-de-descuento-para-una-herramienta-electrica-los-jardineros-dicen-que-el-subsidio-de-california-es-inadecuado/\">\u003cem>Leer en español.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Gov. Gavin Newsom has signed a bill \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977168/the-sounds-of-silence-california-bans-new-gas-powered-leaf-blowers\">banning the sale of most new gas-powered tools by 2024\u003c/a>, gardeners and landscapers say a $30 million state subsidy isn’t nearly enough to help small operators make the switch to electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency responsible for administering the subsidy estimates it has only enough to give each self-employed gardener a 50% coupon for one tool, far from the truckload of leaf blowers, lawn mowers, small chain saws, brush cutters and trimmers most haul around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1977168","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/10/RS52049_GettyImages-1346603572-qut-1020x695.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In fact, local governments have learned they need to offer more. In Southern California, a regional air quality district that has been running a similar incentive program since 2017, saw few takers until it increased rebates to 75% per tool. The district paired that with an outreach program and encouraged landscapers to test electric equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board is still figuring out who will qualify for the rebate, and Assemblymember Marc Berman, one of the authors of the bill, said he’s open to adding more funding if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s not make the perfect be the enemy of the good,” said the Menlo Park Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists hailed the first-in-the-nation law for advancing California’s clean energy goals, noting the state estimates that smog-forming pollution from small gas-powered engines will surpass emissions from passenger cars this year. But electrifying the landscaping industry creates financial and physical burdens for the estimated 60,000 one-person and often unlicensed landscaping operations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes373011.htm\">an industry that sees an average income under $40,000 a year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897482\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11897482 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03.jpg\" alt=\"A chain saw lies on the ground, next to a red gasoline tank.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-03-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chain saw and gas can on the ground during fire mitigation work at a property along Via Floreado in Orinda on Nov. 16, 2021. Ken’s Rototilling and Landscaping owns around 50 gas-powered tools that could be affected by a state ban on new small gas motors. \u003ccite>(Aric Crabb/Bay Area News Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There’s an argument for subsidizing the transition. An electric leaf blower and batteries cost nearly twice as much as a comparable gas version. California estimates that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/barcu/regact/2021/sore21/isor.pdf#page=22\">a full transition of nearly 3 million tools used by landscaping professionals will cost $1.29 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bryan, a landscaper who asked to be identified by his first name only because he fears losing business, uses a mix of electric and gas equipment. The electric ones fall short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have 10 to 15 houses a day right now, but with electric [tools], I may do seven or five houses a day,” he said. That’s a loss of $1,000 a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, Bryan has told his kid he can’t afford books or a new laptop. The cost of a full conversion by purchasing all electric tools, he said, would require him to raise prices 30%. He fears his residential clients will purchase their own tools and do it themselves, pushing him out of a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the bill was signed, Berman and Assemblymember Lorena Gonzalez of San Diego called it a win for both the environment and human health. Electric tools have already been widely adopted by California homeowners, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/3.24.21%20Workshop%20Staff%20Presentation.pdf\">but only a fraction of commercial landscaping companies have made the switch, according to a 2018 survey by the air resources board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_1977672","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/11/RS52246_029_SanFrancisco_YouthClimateStrike_10292021-qut-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At that time, 8 in 10 landscapers said they planned on buying gas-powered equipment with many prioritizing performance, run time and cost. But operating a gas-powered leaf blower for one hour, for example, emits the same amount of pollution as driving a Toyota Camry from Los Angeles to Denver, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawn equipment conversion will bring the rest of the state in line with cities such as Palo Alto, Los Altos and Menlo Park, which have already banned noisy leaf blowers. The law also directs the air resources board to come up with statewide regulations for other small motor equipment, such as golf carts, small generators and power washers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the landscaping industry, the main target of the ban, says the transition has already been costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Wood purchased four batteries for his electric leaf blower after a number of communities in the Bay Area banned gas-powered leaf blowers. Woods, who owns a small landscaping business, immediately noticed the batteries don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never spent $200 on something that lasted 45 minutes,” Wood said, “and it doesn’t last for six to eight houses a day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the batteries drain, Wood’s two employees resort to raking, which takes three times as long to complete a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tests back him up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Reports rated gas and electric tools, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/lawn-mowers-and-tractors/ego-electric-mower-vs-honda-gas-mower-face-off-a6853992124/\">lawn mowers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/leaf-blowers/buying-guide/index.htm\">leaf blowers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/leaf-blowers/buying-guide/index.htm\">string trimmers\u003c/a>, side by side. The nonprofit consumer organization found that battery-powered tools, with low maintenance and ease of use, were strong candidates for homeowners with less than an acre of land who could wait to recharge their batteries. But when it came to larger plots, more robust weeds to whack, or long hours of use, gas tools excelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As an industry, we want this [battery-powered] equipment to be able to handle what we throw at it,” said Sandra Giarde, executive director of the California Landscape Contractors Association. “But it’s not there yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897483\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11897483\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01.jpg\" alt=\"A man holds up a chainsaw in the outdoors and looks up at the canopy.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/111621-Gas-Lawn-Ban-CAD-CM-01-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jorge Mijango of Ken's Rototilling and Landscaping uses a chain saw to cut trees for fire mitigation at a property along Via Floreado in Orinda on Nov. 16, 2021. The landscaping company owns around 50 gas-powered tools that could be affected by a state ban on new small gas motors. \u003ccite>(Aric Crabb/Bay Area News Group)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The air resources board said the technology is close enough. While electric tools may not have the same power, they offer other benefits, such as longer life span, better torque for some tools and savings on gas and maintenance, said air pollution specialist Christopher Dilbeck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that, yes, there will be substantial costs associated with what we are proposing,” said Dilbeck. “That is part of why this funding is available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"climate"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The board, which will allocate the state’s $30 million subsidy, has yet to release how it will hand out incentives other than saying it will target small operators, including those without a business license. In one scenario, California could offer 12,000 small landscapers a 50% discount on all their new tools, or every sole proprietor could receive a 50% discount on one tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are not going to be able to get the jobs done as fast,” said Ken Tamplen, owner of Ken’s Rototilling and Landscaping in Contra Costa County. “You’re not going to be able to make as much money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11897470/ahead-of-californias-ban-on-gas-powered-tools-some-landscapers-call-the-states-subsidy-inadequate","authors":["byline_news_11897470"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_30308","news_2036","news_23716","news_19204","news_255","news_18299","news_30310","news_6402","news_30309","news_4990","news_4992","news_2920","news_28133","news_30311"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11897480","label":"news_18481"},"news_11895438":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11895438","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11895438","score":null,"sort":[1636477234000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"richmond-to-chevron-listen-to-our-residents-concerns-about-your-problems","title":"Richmond to Chevron: Listen to Our Residents' Safety Concerns","publishDate":1636477234,"format":"aside","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>https://youtu.be/zeUjeOeM24s\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond city leaders sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeUjeOeM24s\">recording of a recent city council meeting\u003c/a> to Chevron executives documenting the concerns local residents have about a significant malfunction the oil giant's refinery recently experienced that has led the facility to send gases to its flares on and off for days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal to send the video to the company, which passed unanimously last Tuesday night, came after two Chevron officials gave a presentation to the city council about the accident that took place during last month's massive storm, which triggered the facility to belch out flames and smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the city council and local residents said at the meeting they were dissatisfied by the explanation and are looking for answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That Chevron presentation was a lot of talk and nothing was learned,\" said Randy Joseph, who lives in Richmond. \"There were a bunch of non-answers. We've learned nothing about what happened during the flaring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11894150/chevron-refinery-malfunction-during-storm-shut-down-processing-units-causing-fire-and-toxic-flaring\">problems began Oct. 4\u003c/a>, when an \"atmospheric river\" brought strong rain and wind to the Bay Area. The refinery says it lost some power and steam production, leading to a small fire and several process units going offline. That triggered a safety technique, known as flaring, in which the facility sends gases to its flares to relieve pressure and stabilize operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, Richmond resident Floy Andrews said she could smell what seemed like fuel from her porch. \"I was basically slammed with this petroleum odor. It was overwhelming,\" she told the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11860400 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg\" alt=\"View from a rocky shoreline across the bay to a refinery spewing a massive plume of smoke.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flaring at Chevron's Richmond refinery as seen from Berkeley's César Chávez Park on Nov. 2, 2020. \u003ccite>(Queena Kim/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Several days after the refinery lost steam and power, the company sent a \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/chevron-incident-2021-1024-72hr-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preliminary report\u003c/a> to Contra Costa County health officials that revealed that, in the first two days of flaring, the facility released close to 17 tons of sulfur dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report to the county, during last Tuesday's presentation and in multiple statements, Chevron has emphasized that the air quality tests it took — and ones that local agencies conducted — did not detect any violations of health standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, local air regulators are investigating whether Chevron's flaring led to a series of odors in the area, according to Ralph Borrmann, a representative of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the storm, the West Contra Costa Unified School District closed Richmond High along with Ford and Peres elementary schools because of a strong fuel-like odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days later, on Oct. 28, teachers and students at Richmond High smelled gas again and were briefly evacuated.[aside postID=news_11894150,news_11893678,news_11894079 label='Related Posts']It's unclear what caused the odors at the school campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last Friday afternoon, county supervisor John Gioia, who sits on the board that oversees the air district, said he felt sick from an odor at Richmond's Martin Luther King Jr. track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a strong objectionable gasoline odor here,\" Gioia tweeted. \"I can hardly stand it. It makes me feel nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Chevron representative Linsi Crain emphasized that the company does not believe the odor Gioia experienced was tied to the refinery's flaring and that company crews conducted air samplings and found no health violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe this report is linked to our facility,\" Crain wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During last Tuesday's council meeting, Chevron's refinery process safety manager Patricia Roberts tried to soothe concerns from local residents and city officials about the problems the refinery has been experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Normally, we only want to come to the city council with good news,\" Roberts said at the beginning of her presentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sorry to have to come to talk to you guys about an incident. I understand there's a lot of community concern about flaring and the noise and the visual impacts that it makes,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts emphasized that flaring is a safety technique that helps the refinery reduce dangers to the surrounding area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We never want to flare. We do everything that we can to avoid it. And, when we do have to flare, we try to stop it as fast as possible,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Chevron official, refinery reliability manager Laura Leeds, told the council all of the company's air quality tests showed that none of the releases violated health regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't feel that anybody should be concerned about their health because there was nothing detectable,\" Leeds said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's presentation before the council did not reveal anything the Chevron's 72-hour report hadn't said a week earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Tom Butt said the refinery should have provided more details, an apology and a plan to fix the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm disappointed in the presentation,\" Butt said. \"I expect something better from Chevron when they're invited to come to talk to the public like this. I think you should show a little contriteness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts and Leeds explained that another refinery official, who could have addressed some of the council's questions, couldn't make the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several members of the council, including Melvin Willis, said the intermittent releases had their constituents worried about their health and yearning for information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seeing the rain and then seeing flames in the air one day and then to wake up the next day with more flames and wake up in the middle of the night to text messages at 3 a.m., talking about more flaring and people reporting odors, it's kind of hard not to be concerned,\" Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City and county officials — and some members of the public — say Chevron just needs to provide more detailed information about what's going on when the refinery is having problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The communication with the community is vital,\" said Richmond resident Don Gosney. \"Chevron needs to do a better job. Everybody needs to do a better job on this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron does post some information about refinery accidents on its Facebook page and often refers people to its fence-line air monitoring \u003ca href=\"https://richmondairmonitoring.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">page\u003c/a>. County and city officials often issue alerts through Nixle and Twitter. Many of those posts, though, do not include details about the cause of a refinery problem or how long it may lead to gas releases.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tom Butt, mayor of Richmond\"]'I expect something better from Chevron when they're invited to come to talk to the public like this.'[/pullquote]Councilmember Nate Bates proposed that the city send a recording of the meeting to Chevron executives so they could see and hear the concerns from members of the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They need to understand how serious this community is about flaring,\" Bates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city then sent a link of a one-hour portion of the meeting to Chevron. A top company executive said he watched the video and would share it with others at the firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After decades working in refining, I understand that flaring can be a concern to some that aren't familiar with its essential function in protecting people and the environment,\" Chris Cavote, a Chevron executive, wrote to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavote said a key refinery official, a facility manager, couldn't make it to the meeting because the closed session of the hearing ran longer than expected and the manager had to leave for a personal matter. He said that the company plans to respond to some of the questions the council posed that the two other refinery officials couldn't answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we would rather not flare, it is sometimes necessary to relieve pressure or combust gases we can't recover so that they aren't vented into the atmosphere,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavote then warned that as the refinery ramped up to full operations over several days, there could be more intermittent flaring on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has had more flaring operations than any other refinery in the county the last five years, according to data from the health department. The recent round, though, has increased worries from Contra Costa's top refinery regulator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Contra Costa Health Services is extremely concerned with the increased number of flaring incidents at [the] Chevron Richmond refinery,\" Matthew Kaufmann, director of the county's hazardous materials program, wrote in an email last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That agency has asked Chevron to provide more details about its recent problems, with \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/hazmat/\">a response due later this month and set to be posted here\u003c/a>. The air district also requires the company to submit a causal report 60 days after the initial incident, \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/about-air-quality/research-and-data/flare-data/flare-causal-reports\">which is expected to be posted here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Richmond city leaders sent a recording of a recent city council meeting to Chevron executives documenting residents' concerns about a major refinery malfunction last month that resulted in days of gas flaring.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1636497336,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":1449},"headData":{"title":"Richmond to Chevron: Listen to Our Residents' Safety Concerns | KQED","description":"Richmond city leaders sent a recording of a recent city council meeting to Chevron executives documenting residents' concerns about a major refinery malfunction last month that resulted in days of gas flaring.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Richmond to Chevron: Listen to Our Residents' Safety Concerns","datePublished":"2021-11-09T17:00:34.000Z","dateModified":"2021-11-09T22:35:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11895438 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11895438","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/11/09/richmond-to-chevron-listen-to-our-residents-concerns-about-your-problems/","disqusTitle":"Richmond to Chevron: Listen to Our Residents' Safety Concerns","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11895438/richmond-to-chevron-listen-to-our-residents-concerns-about-your-problems","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zeUjeOeM24s'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zeUjeOeM24s'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Richmond city leaders sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeUjeOeM24s\">recording of a recent city council meeting\u003c/a> to Chevron executives documenting the concerns local residents have about a significant malfunction the oil giant's refinery recently experienced that has led the facility to send gases to its flares on and off for days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal to send the video to the company, which passed unanimously last Tuesday night, came after two Chevron officials gave a presentation to the city council about the accident that took place during last month's massive storm, which triggered the facility to belch out flames and smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the city council and local residents said at the meeting they were dissatisfied by the explanation and are looking for answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That Chevron presentation was a lot of talk and nothing was learned,\" said Randy Joseph, who lives in Richmond. \"There were a bunch of non-answers. We've learned nothing about what happened during the flaring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11894150/chevron-refinery-malfunction-during-storm-shut-down-processing-units-causing-fire-and-toxic-flaring\">problems began Oct. 4\u003c/a>, when an \"atmospheric river\" brought strong rain and wind to the Bay Area. The refinery says it lost some power and steam production, leading to a small fire and several process units going offline. That triggered a safety technique, known as flaring, in which the facility sends gases to its flares to relieve pressure and stabilize operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That day, Richmond resident Floy Andrews said she could smell what seemed like fuel from her porch. \"I was basically slammed with this petroleum odor. It was overwhelming,\" she told the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860400\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11860400 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg\" alt=\"View from a rocky shoreline across the bay to a refinery spewing a massive plume of smoke.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/chevron-flaring-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flaring at Chevron's Richmond refinery as seen from Berkeley's César Chávez Park on Nov. 2, 2020. \u003ccite>(Queena Kim/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Several days after the refinery lost steam and power, the company sent a \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/chevron-incident-2021-1024-72hr-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preliminary report\u003c/a> to Contra Costa County health officials that revealed that, in the first two days of flaring, the facility released close to 17 tons of sulfur dioxide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report to the county, during last Tuesday's presentation and in multiple statements, Chevron has emphasized that the air quality tests it took — and ones that local agencies conducted — did not detect any violations of health standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, local air regulators are investigating whether Chevron's flaring led to a series of odors in the area, according to Ralph Borrmann, a representative of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the storm, the West Contra Costa Unified School District closed Richmond High along with Ford and Peres elementary schools because of a strong fuel-like odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days later, on Oct. 28, teachers and students at Richmond High smelled gas again and were briefly evacuated.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11894150,news_11893678,news_11894079","label":"Related Posts "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It's unclear what caused the odors at the school campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As recently as last Friday afternoon, county supervisor John Gioia, who sits on the board that oversees the air district, said he felt sick from an odor at Richmond's Martin Luther King Jr. track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a strong objectionable gasoline odor here,\" Gioia tweeted. \"I can hardly stand it. It makes me feel nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Chevron representative Linsi Crain emphasized that the company does not believe the odor Gioia experienced was tied to the refinery's flaring and that company crews conducted air samplings and found no health violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe this report is linked to our facility,\" Crain wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During last Tuesday's council meeting, Chevron's refinery process safety manager Patricia Roberts tried to soothe concerns from local residents and city officials about the problems the refinery has been experiencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Normally, we only want to come to the city council with good news,\" Roberts said at the beginning of her presentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm sorry to have to come to talk to you guys about an incident. I understand there's a lot of community concern about flaring and the noise and the visual impacts that it makes,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts emphasized that flaring is a safety technique that helps the refinery reduce dangers to the surrounding area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We never want to flare. We do everything that we can to avoid it. And, when we do have to flare, we try to stop it as fast as possible,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Chevron official, refinery reliability manager Laura Leeds, told the council all of the company's air quality tests showed that none of the releases violated health regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't feel that anybody should be concerned about their health because there was nothing detectable,\" Leeds said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's presentation before the council did not reveal anything the Chevron's 72-hour report hadn't said a week earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Tom Butt said the refinery should have provided more details, an apology and a plan to fix the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm disappointed in the presentation,\" Butt said. \"I expect something better from Chevron when they're invited to come to talk to the public like this. I think you should show a little contriteness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts and Leeds explained that another refinery official, who could have addressed some of the council's questions, couldn't make the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several members of the council, including Melvin Willis, said the intermittent releases had their constituents worried about their health and yearning for information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seeing the rain and then seeing flames in the air one day and then to wake up the next day with more flames and wake up in the middle of the night to text messages at 3 a.m., talking about more flaring and people reporting odors, it's kind of hard not to be concerned,\" Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City and county officials — and some members of the public — say Chevron just needs to provide more detailed information about what's going on when the refinery is having problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The communication with the community is vital,\" said Richmond resident Don Gosney. \"Chevron needs to do a better job. Everybody needs to do a better job on this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron does post some information about refinery accidents on its Facebook page and often refers people to its fence-line air monitoring \u003ca href=\"https://richmondairmonitoring.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">page\u003c/a>. County and city officials often issue alerts through Nixle and Twitter. Many of those posts, though, do not include details about the cause of a refinery problem or how long it may lead to gas releases.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I expect something better from Chevron when they're invited to come to talk to the public like this.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Tom Butt, mayor of Richmond","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Councilmember Nate Bates proposed that the city send a recording of the meeting to Chevron executives so they could see and hear the concerns from members of the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They need to understand how serious this community is about flaring,\" Bates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city then sent a link of a one-hour portion of the meeting to Chevron. A top company executive said he watched the video and would share it with others at the firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After decades working in refining, I understand that flaring can be a concern to some that aren't familiar with its essential function in protecting people and the environment,\" Chris Cavote, a Chevron executive, wrote to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavote said a key refinery official, a facility manager, couldn't make it to the meeting because the closed session of the hearing ran longer than expected and the manager had to leave for a personal matter. He said that the company plans to respond to some of the questions the council posed that the two other refinery officials couldn't answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While we would rather not flare, it is sometimes necessary to relieve pressure or combust gases we can't recover so that they aren't vented into the atmosphere,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cavote then warned that as the refinery ramped up to full operations over several days, there could be more intermittent flaring on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has had more flaring operations than any other refinery in the county the last five years, according to data from the health department. The recent round, though, has increased worries from Contra Costa's top refinery regulator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Contra Costa Health Services is extremely concerned with the increased number of flaring incidents at [the] Chevron Richmond refinery,\" Matthew Kaufmann, director of the county's hazardous materials program, wrote in an email last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That agency has asked Chevron to provide more details about its recent problems, with \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/hazmat/\">a response due later this month and set to be posted here\u003c/a>. The air district also requires the company to submit a causal report 60 days after the initial incident, \u003ca href=\"https://www.baaqmd.gov/about-air-quality/research-and-data/flare-data/flare-causal-reports\">which is expected to be posted here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11895438/richmond-to-chevron-listen-to-our-residents-concerns-about-your-problems","authors":["258"],"categories":["news_19906","news_28250","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_4223","news_18299","news_19960","news_579"],"featImg":"news_11860400","label":"news"},"news_11883910":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11883910","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11883910","score":null,"sort":[1628196965000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-crisis-on-our-hands-children-near-san-joses-reid-hillview-airport-exposed-to-dangerously-high-lead-levels-new-study-shows","title":"‘A Crisis on Our Hands’: Children Near San Jose’s Reid-Hillview Airport Exposed to Dangerously High Lead Levels, New Study Shows","publishDate":1628196965,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Some children living near a small airport in San Jose have dangerously high blood lead levels — similar to those found in kids in Flint, Michigan, during the peak of its water crisis — according to a new study commissioned by Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report details the findings of 17,000 blood samples collected from 2011-2020 from children under 18 years of age living near the Reid-Hillview Airport in East San Jose. Children downwind from the airport had significantly higher blood lead levels than those upwind, with elevated levels of 0.4 micrograms per deciliter, it found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison, lead levels found in children during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/news-event/flint-water-crisis\">Flint water crisis\u003c/a> were between 0.35 to 0.45 micrograms per deciliter over the baseline.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cindy Chavez, Santa Clara County supervisor\"]'We know this is damaging children's developing brains. What this very thorough study proves is that we literally have a crisis on our hands.'[/pullquote]“This is a public health issue, it's an environmental justice issue and it's an equity issue,” County Supervisor Cindy Chavez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know this is damaging children's developing brains,” she said. “What this very thorough study proves is that we literally have a crisis on our hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the small planes that fly in and out of the airport have piston engines that still run on leaded fuel, even though leaded gas for cars was banned decades ago. Lead from aircraft exhaust and unburned fuel can filter from the air and settle on houses and public surfaces, putting residents at risk of lead poisoning — especially those living downwind within a half-mile of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, in the case of airborne lead, children will [inhale] some, but it will also settle out onto the windowsills, onto the floors of their home, onto the tabletops and they will ingest it,” said Dr. Bruce Lanphear, a pediatric epidemiologist whose work is referenced multiple times in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lanphear, a professor at Simon Fraser University, emphasized that lead is a neurotoxin that affects developing brains and nervous systems. For children, he said, there is no safe level of consumption. The younger the child, the more harmful it is to ingest, and even small amounts of lead exposure add up over time and have severe long-lasting impacts, increasing the risk of developmental delays and other negative health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said toddlers were most at risk of higher blood lead levels because they discover the world through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lanphear said the study’s results all pointed to the same conclusion: “The airport endangers the lives of people who live around the airport, but especially children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sammy Zahran, a professor of epidemiology and economics at Colorado State University, and the study's lead author, said the evidence provides “compelling reason to reduce or eliminate aviation lead emissions to safeguard the welfare and life chances of at-risk children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]He said numerous studies have linked elevated blood levels in children to “cognitive and intellectual impairments, poor academic achievement, and higher risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, among other things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Controlling for many variables, researchers also calculated how many aircraft running on leaded gas took off from the airport and how much lead formula gas was sold there. The total amounted to more than 5 metric tons of lead between January 2011 and December 2018, they found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a 2020 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency report identified Reid-Hillview as the 25th-highest lead-emitting airport in the country, with lead emissions from piston aircraft exceeding safety thresholds set by the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"lead-poisoning\"]And 95122, the ZIP code of the airport and surrounding neighborhoods, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DEODC/CLPPB/Pages/data.aspx\">one of the top 200 ZIP codes\u003c/a> for lead poisoning among children in the state, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparing the lead levels in children near the airport to those found in kids in Flint, Zahran noted that Flint's water crisis lasted less than a year and a half, while the release of lead into the environment around Reid-Hillview is “continuous, a daily unabated stream of an undeniably harmful toxic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport is mainly used by private pilots, flight schools and San Jose State University's aviation program. In recent decades, with the rapid expansion of the city, more developments have sprouted around the facility, and an increasing number of families have moved in. The community is home to many low-income Latino and Asian families, and there are now at least 21 sites serving children within a 1.5-mile radius of the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not blaming the people who bought houses or the people who are flying airplanes,” Chavez said. “That was a mistake of government to not better protect them. These land uses are incongruous. We didn't know as much as we do now about air pollution then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armed with these recent findings, she said, the county should move to quickly close the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors voted last year to phase out the airport, but the soonest it could close under the current arrangement would be 2031 because of obligations connected to Federal Aviation Administration grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Stephen Harris, a pediatrician at Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose, said the situation calls for more immediate action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've seen a number of children who have been lead poisoned. I've seen the effects on their brain development, their cognitive abilities and IQ,” Harris said. “I want people to take a good, hard look at this study. We need to think very seriously about what our priorities are in this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from Jana Kadah of Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The blood lead levels found in children downwind from the airport are similar to those detected in kids in Flint, Michigan, during the peak of that city's water crisis, researchers said.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1628299032,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":995},"headData":{"title":"‘A Crisis on Our Hands’: Children Near San Jose’s Reid-Hillview Airport Exposed to Dangerously High Lead Levels, New Study Shows | KQED","description":"The blood lead levels found in children downwind from the airport are similar to those detected in kids in Flint, Michigan, during the peak of that city's water crisis, researchers said.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘A Crisis on Our Hands’: Children Near San Jose’s Reid-Hillview Airport Exposed to Dangerously High Lead Levels, New Study Shows","datePublished":"2021-08-05T20:56:05.000Z","dateModified":"2021-08-07T01:17:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11883910 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11883910","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/08/05/a-crisis-on-our-hands-children-near-san-joses-reid-hillview-airport-exposed-to-dangerously-high-lead-levels-new-study-shows/","disqusTitle":"‘A Crisis on Our Hands’: Children Near San Jose’s Reid-Hillview Airport Exposed to Dangerously High Lead Levels, New Study Shows","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2021/08/AviationFuelFinney.mp3","path":"/news/11883910/a-crisis-on-our-hands-children-near-san-joses-reid-hillview-airport-exposed-to-dangerously-high-lead-levels-new-study-shows","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Some children living near a small airport in San Jose have dangerously high blood lead levels — similar to those found in kids in Flint, Michigan, during the peak of its water crisis — according to a new study commissioned by Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report details the findings of 17,000 blood samples collected from 2011-2020 from children under 18 years of age living near the Reid-Hillview Airport in East San Jose. Children downwind from the airport had significantly higher blood lead levels than those upwind, with elevated levels of 0.4 micrograms per deciliter, it found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison, lead levels found in children during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/news-event/flint-water-crisis\">Flint water crisis\u003c/a> were between 0.35 to 0.45 micrograms per deciliter over the baseline.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We know this is damaging children's developing brains. What this very thorough study proves is that we literally have a crisis on our hands.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Cindy Chavez, Santa Clara County supervisor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“This is a public health issue, it's an environmental justice issue and it's an equity issue,” County Supervisor Cindy Chavez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know this is damaging children's developing brains,” she said. “What this very thorough study proves is that we literally have a crisis on our hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the small planes that fly in and out of the airport have piston engines that still run on leaded fuel, even though leaded gas for cars was banned decades ago. Lead from aircraft exhaust and unburned fuel can filter from the air and settle on houses and public surfaces, putting residents at risk of lead poisoning — especially those living downwind within a half-mile of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, in the case of airborne lead, children will [inhale] some, but it will also settle out onto the windowsills, onto the floors of their home, onto the tabletops and they will ingest it,” said Dr. Bruce Lanphear, a pediatric epidemiologist whose work is referenced multiple times in the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lanphear, a professor at Simon Fraser University, emphasized that lead is a neurotoxin that affects developing brains and nervous systems. For children, he said, there is no safe level of consumption. The younger the child, the more harmful it is to ingest, and even small amounts of lead exposure add up over time and have severe long-lasting impacts, increasing the risk of developmental delays and other negative health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said toddlers were most at risk of higher blood lead levels because they discover the world through their mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lanphear said the study’s results all pointed to the same conclusion: “The airport endangers the lives of people who live around the airport, but especially children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sammy Zahran, a professor of epidemiology and economics at Colorado State University, and the study's lead author, said the evidence provides “compelling reason to reduce or eliminate aviation lead emissions to safeguard the welfare and life chances of at-risk children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He said numerous studies have linked elevated blood levels in children to “cognitive and intellectual impairments, poor academic achievement, and higher risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, among other things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Controlling for many variables, researchers also calculated how many aircraft running on leaded gas took off from the airport and how much lead formula gas was sold there. The total amounted to more than 5 metric tons of lead between January 2011 and December 2018, they found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a 2020 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency report identified Reid-Hillview as the 25th-highest lead-emitting airport in the country, with lead emissions from piston aircraft exceeding safety thresholds set by the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"lead-poisoning"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>And 95122, the ZIP code of the airport and surrounding neighborhoods, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DEODC/CLPPB/Pages/data.aspx\">one of the top 200 ZIP codes\u003c/a> for lead poisoning among children in the state, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparing the lead levels in children near the airport to those found in kids in Flint, Zahran noted that Flint's water crisis lasted less than a year and a half, while the release of lead into the environment around Reid-Hillview is “continuous, a daily unabated stream of an undeniably harmful toxic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport is mainly used by private pilots, flight schools and San Jose State University's aviation program. In recent decades, with the rapid expansion of the city, more developments have sprouted around the facility, and an increasing number of families have moved in. The community is home to many low-income Latino and Asian families, and there are now at least 21 sites serving children within a 1.5-mile radius of the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not blaming the people who bought houses or the people who are flying airplanes,” Chavez said. “That was a mistake of government to not better protect them. These land uses are incongruous. We didn't know as much as we do now about air pollution then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armed with these recent findings, she said, the county should move to quickly close the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors voted last year to phase out the airport, but the soonest it could close under the current arrangement would be 2031 because of obligations connected to Federal Aviation Administration grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Stephen Harris, a pediatrician at Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose, said the situation calls for more immediate action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I've seen a number of children who have been lead poisoned. I've seen the effects on their brain development, their cognitive abilities and IQ,” Harris said. “I want people to take a good, hard look at this study. We need to think very seriously about what our priorities are in this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from Jana Kadah of Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11883910/a-crisis-on-our-hands-children-near-san-joses-reid-hillview-airport-exposed-to-dangerously-high-lead-levels-new-study-shows","authors":["11495"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_18299","news_5356","news_19960"],"featImg":"news_11883914","label":"news"},"news_11881164":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11881164","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11881164","score":null,"sort":[1626294296000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"extreme-heat-is-getting-worse-for-low-income-non-white-americans-new-study-finds","title":"Extreme Heat Is Getting Worse for Low-Income, Non-White Americans, New Study Finds","publishDate":1626294296,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>As record-high heat hammers much of the country, a new \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021EF002016\">study\u003c/a> shows that in many American cities, residents of lower-income neighborhoods and communities of color often endure far higher temperatures than those who live in whiter, wealthier communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Urban areas are known to be hotter than more rural ones, but the research published Tuesday in the journal Earth's Future provides one of the most detailed looks to date at how differences in heat extremes break down along racial and socioeconomic lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors used satellite imagery to measure land surface temperature in 1,056 counties across the country, home to about 300 million people. They found that in more than 70% of those counties, neighborhoods that are lower income and those that have larger percentages of people of color \"experience significantly more extreme surface urban heat than their wealthier, whiter counterparts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Relying on U.S. census data, the researchers found that in areas with higher rates of poverty, temperatures can be as much as 7 degrees Fahrenheit warmer during the summer months than in nearby wealthier neighborhoods. The same held true for predominantly minority communities, as compared to nearby non-Hispanic, white neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is the latest to show how climate change driven by human activity disproportionately harms people of color and poor people. The warming climate is \u003ca href=\"https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/chapter/1/\">making\u003c/a> heat waves more frequent and intense. And even without heat waves, Americans can expect\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/30/climate/how-much-hotter-is-your-hometown.html\"> far more days over 90 degrees Fahrenheit\u003c/a> than there were just a few decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-heat-related-deaths\">Heat is the biggest weather-related killer of Americans, \u003c/a>according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kuow.org/stories/nearly-700-people-believed-to-have-died-in-northwest-heat-wave\">estimated 800 people\u003c/a> have already died in the heat wave that has gripped the Pacific Northwest this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers — Susanne Benz and Jennifer Burney of UC San Diego — found that in 76% of the counties they studied, lower-income communities experienced higher temperatures than those with higher incomes. When looking at neighborhoods by race, in 71% of counties, people of color lived in neighborhoods with higher temperatures than residents in largely white communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers point to several factors that are driving up temperatures in these neighborhoods, including more buildings, less vegetation, and to a lesser extent, higher population density.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previous \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0249715\">studies\u003c/a> have shown that less vegetation can impact a city's temperature, and that neighborhoods that are lower income and where there are more people of color tend to have less tree cover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11879641,science_1975631,science_1975668\"]The researchers also note that the temperature differences they found weren't unique to larger, more developed cities; heat disparities were also evident in many smaller, more rural areas with newer developments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The existence of these gradients implies that the inequality we find in our cities does not only develop after large urbanization and growth, but manifests early in the existence of a city itself,\" the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its authors also point to a long history of racist land-use policies that have driven such disparities, and urge local policymakers to make equitable development decisions that incorporate heat mitigation strategies, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These areas have less tree canopy, more streets, and higher building densities,\" the authors contend, \"meaning that in addition to their other racist outcomes, redlining policies directly codified into law existing disparity in urban land use and reinforced urban design choices that magnify urban heating into the present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Extreme+Heat+Is+Getting+Worse+For+Low-Income%2C+Non-White+Americans%2C+A+New+Study+Shows&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Matthew Green contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A new study shows that in more than 70% of all U.S. counties, temperatures are notably higher in neighborhoods that are predominantly low income and where more people of color live. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1626300747,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":588},"headData":{"title":"Extreme Heat Is Getting Worse for Low-Income, Non-White Americans, New Study Finds | KQED","description":"A new study shows that in more than 70% of all U.S. counties, temperatures are notably higher in neighborhoods that are predominantly low income and where more people of color live. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Extreme Heat Is Getting Worse for Low-Income, Non-White Americans, New Study Finds","datePublished":"2021-07-14T20:24:56.000Z","dateModified":"2021-07-14T22:12:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11881164 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11881164","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/07/14/extreme-heat-is-getting-worse-for-low-income-non-white-americans-new-study-finds/","disqusTitle":"Extreme Heat Is Getting Worse for Low-Income, Non-White Americans, New Study Finds","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Frederic J. Brown","nprByline":"Deepa Shivaram","nprImageAgency":"AFP via Getty Images","nprStoryId":"1015983700","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1015983700&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/14/1015983700/extreme-heat-is-getting-worse-for-low-income-non-white-americans-a-new-study-sho?ft=nprml&f=1015983700","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 14 Jul 2021 14:44:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 14 Jul 2021 14:43:38 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 14 Jul 2021 14:44:03 -0400","path":"/news/11881164/extreme-heat-is-getting-worse-for-low-income-non-white-americans-new-study-finds","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As record-high heat hammers much of the country, a new \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021EF002016\">study\u003c/a> shows that in many American cities, residents of lower-income neighborhoods and communities of color often endure far higher temperatures than those who live in whiter, wealthier communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Urban areas are known to be hotter than more rural ones, but the research published Tuesday in the journal Earth's Future provides one of the most detailed looks to date at how differences in heat extremes break down along racial and socioeconomic lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors used satellite imagery to measure land surface temperature in 1,056 counties across the country, home to about 300 million people. They found that in more than 70% of those counties, neighborhoods that are lower income and those that have larger percentages of people of color \"experience significantly more extreme surface urban heat than their wealthier, whiter counterparts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Relying on U.S. census data, the researchers found that in areas with higher rates of poverty, temperatures can be as much as 7 degrees Fahrenheit warmer during the summer months than in nearby wealthier neighborhoods. The same held true for predominantly minority communities, as compared to nearby non-Hispanic, white neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is the latest to show how climate change driven by human activity disproportionately harms people of color and poor people. The warming climate is \u003ca href=\"https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/chapter/1/\">making\u003c/a> heat waves more frequent and intense. And even without heat waves, Americans can expect\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/30/climate/how-much-hotter-is-your-hometown.html\"> far more days over 90 degrees Fahrenheit\u003c/a> than there were just a few decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-heat-related-deaths\">Heat is the biggest weather-related killer of Americans, \u003c/a>according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kuow.org/stories/nearly-700-people-believed-to-have-died-in-northwest-heat-wave\">estimated 800 people\u003c/a> have already died in the heat wave that has gripped the Pacific Northwest this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers — Susanne Benz and Jennifer Burney of UC San Diego — found that in 76% of the counties they studied, lower-income communities experienced higher temperatures than those with higher incomes. When looking at neighborhoods by race, in 71% of counties, people of color lived in neighborhoods with higher temperatures than residents in largely white communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers point to several factors that are driving up temperatures in these neighborhoods, including more buildings, less vegetation, and to a lesser extent, higher population density.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previous \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0249715\">studies\u003c/a> have shown that less vegetation can impact a city's temperature, and that neighborhoods that are lower income and where there are more people of color tend to have less tree cover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"news_11879641,science_1975631,science_1975668"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The researchers also note that the temperature differences they found weren't unique to larger, more developed cities; heat disparities were also evident in many smaller, more rural areas with newer developments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The existence of these gradients implies that the inequality we find in our cities does not only develop after large urbanization and growth, but manifests early in the existence of a city itself,\" the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its authors also point to a long history of racist land-use policies that have driven such disparities, and urge local policymakers to make equitable development decisions that incorporate heat mitigation strategies, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These areas have less tree canopy, more streets, and higher building densities,\" the authors contend, \"meaning that in addition to their other racist outcomes, redlining policies directly codified into law existing disparity in urban land use and reinforced urban design choices that magnify urban heating into the present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Extreme+Heat+Is+Getting+Worse+For+Low-Income%2C+Non-White+Americans%2C+A+New+Study+Shows&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Matthew Green contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11881164/extreme-heat-is-getting-worse-for-low-income-non-white-americans-new-study-finds","authors":["byline_news_11881164"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_18299","news_27626","news_18543","news_18578","news_28539"],"featImg":"news_11881165","label":"source_news_11881164"},"news_11880834":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11880834","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11880834","score":null,"sort":[1626249628000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"nephew-of-slain-activist-berta-caceres-renews-calls-for-ending-aid-to-honduran-military","title":"Nephew of Slain Activist Berta Cáceres Renews Calls for Ending Aid to Honduran Military","publishDate":1626249628,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A Bay Area family member of slain environmental and Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres is calling on the federal government to stop U.S. funding of Honduran military and police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of threats, Cáceres was assassinated in her hometown of La Esperanza in western Honduras in 2016. The renowned environmentalist and Goldman Environmental Prize \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/560202/goldman-environmental-prize-winner-murdered-in-honduras\">winner\u003c/a> had been leading a campaign to stop the construction of a hydroelectric dam on the Gualcarque River, a river considered sacred by the Lenca people. In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/29/world/americas/honduras-bertha-caceres.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">seven men hired as hitmen were convicted in her murder\u003c/a> – but until this month no one accused of masterminding her killing had been held accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 5, the former head of Desarrollos Energéticos S.A. (DESA), the company overseeing the dam project Cáceres fought against, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/caribbean-honduras-3c44bd8b698092aaabb99b94605d311c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was found guilty of participating in her killing\u003c/a>. Prosecutors argued Roberto David Castillo – who was trained in the U.S. and was a former member of the Honduran army during a coup in 2009 – had masterminded Cáceres' murder. He was convicted of being a co-conspirator. The court will determine his sentence, which could be between 24 and 30 years, on Aug. 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_560202]“It is a victory. I can't deny that,” Silvio Carrillo, Cáceres' Oakland-based nephew, told KQED. “But, it doesn't feel like a victory. It is one small drop in the sea of corruption in Honduras and we have a long way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Twitter the day of the ruling he added: \"Berta didn't die, she multiplied.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/angryburrito/status/1412118957578854409\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalwitness.org/en/blog/five-years-since-berta-c%C3%A1ceres-assassination-honduran-defenders-face-greater-danger-than-ever/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Global Witness\u003c/a> reported at least 40 environmental activists have been murdered in Honduras since Cáceres' death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is literally the first time a case like this has been successful — successful in that someone was charged. That is incredibly sad,” Carrillo said. He grew up in Washington, D.C., and is now an Oakland-based journalist who has written op-eds for The New York Times on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/02/opinion/an-idealists-martyrdom-fails-to-move-honduras.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aunt\u003c/a>, as well as on \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/19/opinion/america-honduras-hernandez-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">politics in Honduras\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suyapa Portillo Villeda, a Honduran historian and associate professor at Pitzer College in Southern California, attributes the victory of the dam company executive's conviction to organizers on the ground. She credits COPINH (the Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras), an organization Cáceres started in 1993, for their persistence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really a testament to the organizing,\" Portillo Villeda said, also referencing the collective of organizations that camped out in front of the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Silvio Carrillo, nephew of slain Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres\"]'This situation is closer than you think ... And the reason for that is because it's our money, it's our tax dollars paid to train Honduran police and the Honduran military.'[/pullquote]Since a 2009 coup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/07/crisis-of-honduras-democracy-has-roots-in-us-tacit-support-for-2009-coup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">corruption in Honduras has continued to worsen\u003c/a>. Carrillo, who was born in the U.S. and grew up spending many summers in Honduras, recalled the dangers his aunt faced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They tried to plant a gun on her ... At one point she had to flee — this was just a part of her life,\" he said. Carrillo also recalled traveling with her one night and said it was \"terrifying\" having to take two or three taxi cabs in different directions just to make sure she wasn't being followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, after Cáceres was murdered, Carrillo spent time in the halls of the U.S. Capitol lobbying for accountability. The network that Cáceres had established throughout her long years of advocacy allowed him access to meet with members of Congress and their staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This situation is closer than you think,\" Carrillo said, in reference to why the assassination of an environmental activist in Honduras should matter to those living in the U.S. \"And the reason for that is because it's our money, it's our tax dollars paid to train Honduran police and the Honduran military.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the lobbying Carrillo began over five years ago may finally be paying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion legislation being considered in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/2716/text?\">House\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/388/all-info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate\u003c/a> would suspend support for the Honduran government until corruption and human rights abuses are no longer systemic. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/1574?\">separate bill\u003c/a> in the House, the \"Berta Cáceres Human Rights in Honduras Act,\" is a continuation of what Carrillo was advocating for in 2016 and would stop U.S. assistance to the Honduran police or military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withdrawing funding from the military speaks to Cáceres' legacy, Pitzer College's Portillo Villeda said. She remembers being tear-gassed alongside Cáceres in 2011 while protesting at an airbase. \"Berta was of the generation that understood profoundly what militarization did. The bill really speaks to her legacy and efforts to end militarization and funding for the military,\" Portillo Villeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corruption and violence in Honduras is also directly related to why Hondurans make up a large number of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people have to leave because they can't eat, they can't feed their children, they can't get educated, they can't get health care,\" Carrillo said. \"And so they come here to the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11881108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1309px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1309\" height=\"704\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11881108\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut.jpg 1309w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-800x430.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-1020x549.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-160x86.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1309px) 100vw, 1309px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Indigenous woman lights a candle after Roberto David Castillo, president of Desarrollos Energéticos S.A. (DESA), was found guilty in the murder of Honduran environmentalist and Indigenous leader Berta Cáceres, in Tegucigalpa on July 5, 2021. \u003ccite>(ORLANDO SIERRA/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Honduras has one of the highest homicide rates in the region, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/why-central-american-migrants-are-arriving-us-border\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>. The president's brother is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56589088\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">currently in prison\u003c/a> in the U.S. for drug trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When U.S. Vice President Harris took a recent trip to Central America and the U.S.-Mexico border, she notably did not stop in Honduras. The Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jun/13/biden-harris-central-america-policy-migration-corruption\">appears to be walking a thin line\u003c/a> to avoid showing overt support for the government, while continuing to provide aid to Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think [the Berta Cáceres Human Rights in Honduras Act] is really important,\" Portillo Villeda said. But she added it's also important to scrutinize the federal aid money earmarked for Honduras with the goal of helping stem migration from that country to the U.S. \"We're not going to see what happens with that money,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11703189,news_11738062 label='Related Coverage']For Carrillo, as a journalist thinking through the legacy of his aunt's story, he'd like to make sure it is preserved and shared, perhaps as a documentary. “I have this trove of video, and I'm just waiting for the right time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's hoping to produce something in the near future, but he also knows that it will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want this project, whatever it turns out to be — to not just reflect her legacy, but also to reflect what we can accomplish because we lost her,” he said. His plan is to create something that can show people that not only is it worth the fight, but that \"change can come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo Villeda sees the most recent court win as a continuation of Cáceres' work. She said some people thought the Indigenous women were crazy for thinking they could stop a huge corporation when they protested the hydroelectric dam, \"crazy for thinking that people would care about the environment,\" Portillo Villeda said. But Cáceres \"intentionally gave young women the possibility to become activists, to become organizers — the idea that they could do the impossible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A former executive and ex-military official was just convicted in the murder of Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres. Her Oakland-based nephew says much more needs to be done.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1626536901,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1305},"headData":{"title":"Nephew of Slain Activist Berta Cáceres Renews Calls for Ending Aid to Honduran Military | KQED","description":"A former executive and ex-military official was just convicted in the murder of Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres. Her Oakland-based nephew says much more needs to be done.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Nephew of Slain Activist Berta Cáceres Renews Calls for Ending Aid to Honduran Military","datePublished":"2021-07-14T08:00:28.000Z","dateModified":"2021-07-17T15:48:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11880834 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11880834","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/07/14/nephew-of-slain-activist-berta-caceres-renews-calls-for-ending-aid-to-honduran-military/","disqusTitle":"Nephew of Slain Activist Berta Cáceres Renews Calls for Ending Aid to Honduran Military","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2021/07/BertaCaceras.mp3","path":"/news/11880834/nephew-of-slain-activist-berta-caceres-renews-calls-for-ending-aid-to-honduran-military","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Bay Area family member of slain environmental and Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres is calling on the federal government to stop U.S. funding of Honduran military and police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of threats, Cáceres was assassinated in her hometown of La Esperanza in western Honduras in 2016. The renowned environmentalist and Goldman Environmental Prize \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/560202/goldman-environmental-prize-winner-murdered-in-honduras\">winner\u003c/a> had been leading a campaign to stop the construction of a hydroelectric dam on the Gualcarque River, a river considered sacred by the Lenca people. In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/29/world/americas/honduras-bertha-caceres.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">seven men hired as hitmen were convicted in her murder\u003c/a> – but until this month no one accused of masterminding her killing had been held accountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 5, the former head of Desarrollos Energéticos S.A. (DESA), the company overseeing the dam project Cáceres fought against, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/caribbean-honduras-3c44bd8b698092aaabb99b94605d311c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was found guilty of participating in her killing\u003c/a>. Prosecutors argued Roberto David Castillo – who was trained in the U.S. and was a former member of the Honduran army during a coup in 2009 – had masterminded Cáceres' murder. He was convicted of being a co-conspirator. The court will determine his sentence, which could be between 24 and 30 years, on Aug. 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"science_560202","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It is a victory. I can't deny that,” Silvio Carrillo, Cáceres' Oakland-based nephew, told KQED. “But, it doesn't feel like a victory. It is one small drop in the sea of corruption in Honduras and we have a long way to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Twitter the day of the ruling he added: \"Berta didn't die, she multiplied.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1412118957578854409"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.globalwitness.org/en/blog/five-years-since-berta-c%C3%A1ceres-assassination-honduran-defenders-face-greater-danger-than-ever/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Global Witness\u003c/a> reported at least 40 environmental activists have been murdered in Honduras since Cáceres' death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is literally the first time a case like this has been successful — successful in that someone was charged. That is incredibly sad,” Carrillo said. He grew up in Washington, D.C., and is now an Oakland-based journalist who has written op-eds for The New York Times on his \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/02/opinion/an-idealists-martyrdom-fails-to-move-honduras.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aunt\u003c/a>, as well as on \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/19/opinion/america-honduras-hernandez-trump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">politics in Honduras\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suyapa Portillo Villeda, a Honduran historian and associate professor at Pitzer College in Southern California, attributes the victory of the dam company executive's conviction to organizers on the ground. She credits COPINH (the Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras), an organization Cáceres started in 1993, for their persistence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really a testament to the organizing,\" Portillo Villeda said, also referencing the collective of organizations that camped out in front of the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'This situation is closer than you think ... And the reason for that is because it's our money, it's our tax dollars paid to train Honduran police and the Honduran military.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Silvio Carrillo, nephew of slain Indigenous rights defender Berta Cáceres","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Since a 2009 coup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/07/crisis-of-honduras-democracy-has-roots-in-us-tacit-support-for-2009-coup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">corruption in Honduras has continued to worsen\u003c/a>. Carrillo, who was born in the U.S. and grew up spending many summers in Honduras, recalled the dangers his aunt faced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They tried to plant a gun on her ... At one point she had to flee — this was just a part of her life,\" he said. Carrillo also recalled traveling with her one night and said it was \"terrifying\" having to take two or three taxi cabs in different directions just to make sure she wasn't being followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, after Cáceres was murdered, Carrillo spent time in the halls of the U.S. Capitol lobbying for accountability. The network that Cáceres had established throughout her long years of advocacy allowed him access to meet with members of Congress and their staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This situation is closer than you think,\" Carrillo said, in reference to why the assassination of an environmental activist in Honduras should matter to those living in the U.S. \"And the reason for that is because it's our money, it's our tax dollars paid to train Honduran police and the Honduran military.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the lobbying Carrillo began over five years ago may finally be paying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion legislation being considered in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/2716/text?\">House\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/388/all-info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate\u003c/a> would suspend support for the Honduran government until corruption and human rights abuses are no longer systemic. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/1574?\">separate bill\u003c/a> in the House, the \"Berta Cáceres Human Rights in Honduras Act,\" is a continuation of what Carrillo was advocating for in 2016 and would stop U.S. assistance to the Honduran police or military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withdrawing funding from the military speaks to Cáceres' legacy, Pitzer College's Portillo Villeda said. She remembers being tear-gassed alongside Cáceres in 2011 while protesting at an airbase. \"Berta was of the generation that understood profoundly what militarization did. The bill really speaks to her legacy and efforts to end militarization and funding for the military,\" Portillo Villeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The corruption and violence in Honduras is also directly related to why Hondurans make up a large number of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So many people have to leave because they can't eat, they can't feed their children, they can't get educated, they can't get health care,\" Carrillo said. \"And so they come here to the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11881108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1309px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1309\" height=\"704\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11881108\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut.jpg 1309w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-800x430.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-1020x549.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50218_GettyImages-1233820169-qut-160x86.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1309px) 100vw, 1309px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Indigenous woman lights a candle after Roberto David Castillo, president of Desarrollos Energéticos S.A. (DESA), was found guilty in the murder of Honduran environmentalist and Indigenous leader Berta Cáceres, in Tegucigalpa on July 5, 2021. \u003ccite>(ORLANDO SIERRA/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Honduras has one of the highest homicide rates in the region, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/why-central-american-migrants-are-arriving-us-border\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>. The president's brother is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56589088\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">currently in prison\u003c/a> in the U.S. for drug trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When U.S. Vice President Harris took a recent trip to Central America and the U.S.-Mexico border, she notably did not stop in Honduras. The Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jun/13/biden-harris-central-america-policy-migration-corruption\">appears to be walking a thin line\u003c/a> to avoid showing overt support for the government, while continuing to provide aid to Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think [the Berta Cáceres Human Rights in Honduras Act] is really important,\" Portillo Villeda said. But she added it's also important to scrutinize the federal aid money earmarked for Honduras with the goal of helping stem migration from that country to the U.S. \"We're not going to see what happens with that money,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11703189,news_11738062","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For Carrillo, as a journalist thinking through the legacy of his aunt's story, he'd like to make sure it is preserved and shared, perhaps as a documentary. “I have this trove of video, and I'm just waiting for the right time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's hoping to produce something in the near future, but he also knows that it will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want this project, whatever it turns out to be — to not just reflect her legacy, but also to reflect what we can accomplish because we lost her,” he said. His plan is to create something that can show people that not only is it worth the fight, but that \"change can come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portillo Villeda sees the most recent court win as a continuation of Cáceres' work. She said some people thought the Indigenous women were crazy for thinking they could stop a huge corporation when they protested the hydroelectric dam, \"crazy for thinking that people would care about the environment,\" Portillo Villeda said. But Cáceres \"intentionally gave young women the possibility to become activists, to become organizers — the idea that they could do the impossible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11880834/nephew-of-slain-activist-berta-caceres-renews-calls-for-ending-aid-to-honduran-military","authors":["11626"],"categories":["news_6188","news_28250","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_21077","news_29661","news_19522","news_18299","news_22527","news_29662"],"featImg":"news_11880835","label":"news"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. 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