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FM","link":"/"}},"news_11958011":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11958011","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11958011","score":null,"sort":[1691787648000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-tribes-environmental-groups-urge-epa-probe-state-water-board","title":"California Tribes, Environmental Groups Urge EPA Probe of State Water Board","publishDate":1691787648,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California Tribes, Environmental Groups Urge EPA Probe of State Water Board | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The Biden administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/environmental-justice\">environmental justice\u003c/a> office is investigating whether California’s water agency has discriminated against Native Americans and other people of color by failing to protect the water quality of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco-bay\">San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Gary Mulcahy, government liaison, Winnemem Wintu Tribe\"]‘It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights.’[/pullquote] The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s investigation was triggered by a complaint filed by tribes and environmental justice organizations that says the state Water Resources Control Board for over a decade “has failed to uphold its statutory duty” to review and update water quality standards in the Bay-Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights,” Gary Mulcahy, government liaison for the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state water agency has allowed “waterways to descend into ecological crisis, with the resulting environmental burdens falling most heavily on Native tribes and other communities of color,” the complaint says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups also said the agency “has intentionally excluded local Native Tribes and Black, Asian and Latino residents from participation in the policymaking process associated with the Bay-Delta Plan,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.restorethedelta.org/wp-content/uploads/2023.08.08-REC_Acceptance_01RNO-23-R9.pdf\">according to an EPA letter to the state dated Tuesday (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackie Carpenter, a spokesperson for the water board, said the agency will cooperate fully and “believes U.S. EPA will ultimately conclude the board has acted appropriately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Water Board deeply values its partnership with tribes to protect and preserve California’s water resources. The board’s highest water quality planning priority has been restoring native fish species in the Delta watershed that many tribes rely upon,” Carpenter said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watershed is the heart of California’s water supply: Covering \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drought/delta/#:~:text=The%20Delta%20watershed%20comprises%20approximately,millions%20of%20acres%20of%20farmland.\">about 20% of California\u003c/a>, it includes the Sacramento and San Joaquin river systems and is a vital water source for 27 million Californians and 750,000 acres of farmland.[aside postID=news_11957413 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1020x680.jpg']The Bay-Delta is \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/bay_delta/docs/sed/sac_delta_framework_070618%20.pdf\">experiencing an “ecological crisis,” (PDF)\u003c/a> state water regulators have said, including a “prolonged and precipitous decline in numerous native species,” such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/sacramento-river-winter-run-chinook-salmon\">endangered winter-run Chinook salmon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Delta-Smelt\">the tiny Delta smelt\u003c/a>. Intensifying water development, diversions and dwindling freshwater flows have exacerbated the crisis. And the relentless \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center/science/emergency-drought-barriers-impacts-cyanohabs-and\">push of salt water into the Delta and blossoming harmful algal blooms\u003c/a> have left \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/06/california-water-delta-tunnel/\">farmers and residents desperate for solutions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Healthy waterways and fisheries are critical to the culture and diet of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians and Winnemem Wintu Tribe. Harmful algal blooms, low flows and water contamination also prevent people of color in South Stockton and other communities from using waterways in their neighborhoods for recreation or subsistence fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s decision to investigate comes as water board scientists prepare a staff report on updating the Bay-Delta’s water quality plan. Carpenter said the report will evaluate certain tribal beneficial uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the possible approaches considered in the updated plan will be \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/Agreement-with-Local-Water-Suppliers-to-Improve-the-Health-of-Rivers-and-Landscapes\">a $2.6 billion\u003c/a> deal that Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/NewsRoom/Voluntary-Agreement-Package-March-29-2022.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\">struck last March with major water suppliers and agricultural irrigation districts (PDF)\u003c/a>, which voluntarily agreed to address flows and habitats in the Delta.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising\"]‘As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities.’[/pullquote]Tribes and environmental organizations said the deal came from backroom negotiations between water suppliers and officials that excluded people of color, and that it “fails to protect the health of the estuary, its native fish and wildlife, and the jobs and communities that depend on its health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint mentions Newsom’s voluntary agreements 52 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities,” Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, an organization based in Stockton, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said in its letter that while an investigation “is not a decision on the merits,” the complaint meets the requirements for initiating its probe, including that “it alleges discriminatory acts by the Board which is a recipient of EPA financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water board will have 30 days to respond, and the EPA will issue its findings within the next six months unless both sides agree to resolve the issue informally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A discrimination complaint filed by Native American tribes and environmental justice groups alleges California failed to protect water quality in the Bay-Delta.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1691781186,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":848},"headData":{"title":"California Tribes, Environmental Groups Urge EPA Probe of State Water Board | KQED","description":"A discrimination complaint filed by Native American tribes and environmental justice groups alleges California failed to protect water quality in the Bay-Delta.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California Tribes, Environmental Groups Urge EPA Probe of State Water Board","datePublished":"2023-08-11T21:00:48.000Z","dateModified":"2023-08-11T19:13:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"CalMatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/rachel-becker/\">Rachel Becker\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11958011/california-tribes-environmental-groups-urge-epa-probe-state-water-board","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/environmental-justice\">environmental justice\u003c/a> office is investigating whether California’s water agency has discriminated against Native Americans and other people of color by failing to protect the water quality of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco-bay\">San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Gary Mulcahy, government liaison, Winnemem Wintu Tribe","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s investigation was triggered by a complaint filed by tribes and environmental justice organizations that says the state Water Resources Control Board for over a decade “has failed to uphold its statutory duty” to review and update water quality standards in the Bay-Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty bad when California Indians have to file a complaint with the Federal Government so that the State doesn’t violate our civil rights,” Gary Mulcahy, government liaison for the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state water agency has allowed “waterways to descend into ecological crisis, with the resulting environmental burdens falling most heavily on Native tribes and other communities of color,” the complaint says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups also said the agency “has intentionally excluded local Native Tribes and Black, Asian and Latino residents from participation in the policymaking process associated with the Bay-Delta Plan,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.restorethedelta.org/wp-content/uploads/2023.08.08-REC_Acceptance_01RNO-23-R9.pdf\">according to an EPA letter to the state dated Tuesday (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackie Carpenter, a spokesperson for the water board, said the agency will cooperate fully and “believes U.S. EPA will ultimately conclude the board has acted appropriately.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Water Board deeply values its partnership with tribes to protect and preserve California’s water resources. The board’s highest water quality planning priority has been restoring native fish species in the Delta watershed that many tribes rely upon,” Carpenter said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The watershed is the heart of California’s water supply: Covering \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drought/delta/#:~:text=The%20Delta%20watershed%20comprises%20approximately,millions%20of%20acres%20of%20farmland.\">about 20% of California\u003c/a>, it includes the Sacramento and San Joaquin river systems and is a vital water source for 27 million Californians and 750,000 acres of farmland.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11957413","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Bay-Delta is \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/bay_delta/docs/sed/sac_delta_framework_070618%20.pdf\">experiencing an “ecological crisis,” (PDF)\u003c/a> state water regulators have said, including a “prolonged and precipitous decline in numerous native species,” such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-species-conservation/sacramento-river-winter-run-chinook-salmon\">endangered winter-run Chinook salmon\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Delta-Smelt\">the tiny Delta smelt\u003c/a>. Intensifying water development, diversions and dwindling freshwater flows have exacerbated the crisis. And the relentless \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center/science/emergency-drought-barriers-impacts-cyanohabs-and\">push of salt water into the Delta and blossoming harmful algal blooms\u003c/a> have left \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/06/california-water-delta-tunnel/\">farmers and residents desperate for solutions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Healthy waterways and fisheries are critical to the culture and diet of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians and Winnemem Wintu Tribe. Harmful algal blooms, low flows and water contamination also prevent people of color in South Stockton and other communities from using waterways in their neighborhoods for recreation or subsistence fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA’s decision to investigate comes as water board scientists prepare a staff report on updating the Bay-Delta’s water quality plan. Carpenter said the report will evaluate certain tribal beneficial uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the possible approaches considered in the updated plan will be \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/Newsroom/Page-Content/News-List/Agreement-with-Local-Water-Suppliers-to-Improve-the-Health-of-Rivers-and-Landscapes\">a $2.6 billion\u003c/a> deal that Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/NewsRoom/Voluntary-Agreement-Package-March-29-2022.pdf?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\">struck last March with major water suppliers and agricultural irrigation districts (PDF)\u003c/a>, which voluntarily agreed to address flows and habitats in the Delta.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dillon Delvo, executive director, Little Manila Rising","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Tribes and environmental organizations said the deal came from backroom negotiations between water suppliers and officials that excluded people of color, and that it “fails to protect the health of the estuary, its native fish and wildlife, and the jobs and communities that depend on its health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint mentions Newsom’s voluntary agreements 52 times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>As long as the state upholds historic water rights, that we all know to be racist and unfair, we will continue to have first- and second-class California communities,” Dillon Delvo, executive director of Little Manila Rising, an organization based in Stockton, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said in its letter that while an investigation “is not a decision on the merits,” the complaint meets the requirements for initiating its probe, including that “it alleges discriminatory acts by the Board which is a recipient of EPA financial assistance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s water board will have 30 days to respond, and the EPA will issue its findings within the next six months unless both sides agree to resolve the issue informally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11958011/california-tribes-environmental-groups-urge-epa-probe-state-water-board","authors":["byline_news_11958011"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_20075","news_28272","news_18538","news_6179","news_31791","news_20447","news_29943","news_31960","news_31599","news_18863","news_21506","news_18142","news_1262","news_29002","news_2513","news_6653","news_1861"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11958021","label":"source_news_11958011"},"news_11884967":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11884967","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11884967","score":null,"sort":[1628879316000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"from-double-masking-to-adding-filters-heres-how-to-up-your-mask-game","title":"From Double-Masking to Adding Filters: Here's How to Up Your Mask Game","publishDate":1628879316,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>With the delta variant surging and health officials urging indoor mask use — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884778/san-franciscos-new-vaccine-mandate-when-it-starts-what-it-covers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">requiring masks indoors\u003c/a> for many Bay Area locations — you've likely pulled out your old cloth masks. But it may be time for an upgrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Masks still work, but with delta, we need better-performing masks,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.air.cee.vt.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Linsey Marr\u003c/a>, a researcher at Virginia Tech who studies airborne virus transmission.[aside postID=news_11884778]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant transmits more than twice as easily as the original strain of the coronavirus. It's now \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/08/11/1026190062/covid-delta-variant-transmission-cdc-chickenpox\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one of the most contagious respiratory viruses\u003c/a> we know of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also replicates quickly in the noses and throats of infected people, so they could be walking around with 1,000 times more virus in their bodies than if they had the original strain. All of that means it's imperative that you make sure your mask is protective, and not simply a bedazzled decoration for your face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes a high-performing mask? Marr says a mask's filtration efficiency is a function of both what material it's made of and how well it seals to your face. So whatever you do, make sure there are no gaps under cheeks or chin where the virus could sneak in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for more tips on how to seriously boost the protection your face mask offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. Consider N95s and KN95s.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some public health experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/transcript-dr-scott-gottlieb-on-face-the-nation-july-25-2021/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have suggested \u003c/a>that the spread of delta calls for donning more seriously protective masks like the gold standard of protection, N95 respirators, which block out at least 95% of particles when worn correctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is N95s are plentiful these days. However, they do have a downside: Because they seal so tightly to your face (that's why they work so well), N95s aren't exactly fun to wear, notes \u003ca href=\"https://dcasip.medicine.duke.edu/staff/ibukun-c-kalu-md\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Ibukun Kalu\u003c/a>, a pediatric infectious disease physician at Duke University Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one wants to wear an N95 for eight hours,\" Kalu says. She says they're great protection when you are in a high-risk situation such as caring for a COVID-19 patient, \"but it can be quite uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you decide to opt for an N95 anyway, watch out for fakes. Check the CDC's site for advice on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/usernotices/counterfeitResp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to spot a counterfeit\u003c/a> and a list (last updated in June) of\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/respsource3surgicaln95.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> trusted sources for surgical N95s\u003c/a>. You can also find more guidance on choosing a good fit among different N95 styles, and buy a NIOSH-approved mask at companies like \u003ca href=\"https://aiden.health/pages/fitkit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aiden\u003c/a> and the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://shop.projectn95.org/find-the-right-mask\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Project N95.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people have a harder time with the straps that N95s use to attach to your head. In that case, you can also consider KN95 respirators, which often attach with more comfortable ear loops. KN95s are regulated by the Chinese government, and, like N95s, they're supposed to filter out at least 95% of small airborne particles, although the testing standards differ in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, counterfeits have also been a problem with KN95s. And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-brief-fda-revokes-emergency-use-authorizations-certain-respirators-and-decontamination-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA recently revoked the emergency use authorization\u003c/a> it had granted to KN95s, which allowed them to be used in health care settings. However, you can still search the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/revoked-euas-non-niosh-approved-disposable-filtering-facepiece-respirators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA's list of formerly approved KN95s\u003c/a>. You may also want to check NIOSH's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/respirators/testing/NonNIOSHresults.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list of foreign-made respirators it tested\u003c/a> for filtration efficiency in the past, though the agency has now stopped doing those tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you opt for one of these respirators, make sure they also fit tightly to your face. And remember, no matter what you choose, the best mask is ultimately the one you will wear consistently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884968\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11884968\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Layering a cloth mask on top of a surgical mask helps achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration. Double-masking like this increases protection against the coronavirus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering a cloth mask on top of a surgical mask helps achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration. Double-masking like this increases protection against the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Michele Abercrombie/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>2. Wear two masks.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One good way to get a better mask is to double up, says Marr, the researcher at Virginia Tech. Start with a surgical mask closest to your face, she says, and then add a cloth one on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The downside of surgical masks is that many of them fit loosely — and a mask's ability to filter out particles depends partly on how well it seals to your face. By layering a cloth mask on top, you can achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration, says Marr, who\u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/med/pdf/S2666-6340(20)30072-6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> co-wrote a commentary earlier this year \u003c/a>recommending double-masking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choose a surgical mask made out of a nonwoven material called polypropylene, because that material holds an electrostatic charge that allows it to trap particles. (Some surgical masks are made of paper.) Then add a good-quality cloth mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don't keep piling on masks, Marr warns; just one additional mask is plenty. If your masks become too hard to breathe through, air will leak in and out through the sides instead. \"Then it's like you have a hole in your mask,\" Marr told NPR earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884970\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11884970\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Tie the ear loops close to the edges of the mask and tuck in the side pleats to minimizes gaps (left). Or use a hair clip to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head to achieve a tighter seal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320.jpg 1149w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tie the ear loops close to the edges of the mask and tuck in the side pleats to minimize gaps (left). Or use a hair clip to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head to achieve a tighter seal (right). \u003ccite>(Michele Abercrombie/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>3. Make your mask fit tighter.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even at this late stage in the pandemic, it still bears repeating: Don't let your nose hang over your mask — that defeats the purpose! And to get the best protection, you also need to make sure that your mask fits as snugly as possible over your mouth and nostrils, up to your nose bridge, and that you don't see any gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mask's filtration efficiency varies depending on how well it conforms to your face, as a\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2774266?alert=article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> study\u003c/a> in JAMA Internal Medicine illustrates. Researchers found that the surgical masks they tested blocked out just 38.5% of small particles on average when worn normally. But filtration efficiency jumped when they tried various hacks to make the mask seal better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One trick they tested: Tie the ear loops into a knot as close to the edges of the mask as possible, then tuck the side pleats in to minimize any gaps that appear along the edges, as in the left photo, above. This boosted the surgical mask's filtration efficiency to 60%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another simple hack is to use a hair clip, as in the photo above at right, to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head. That raises the mask's filtration efficiency to nearly 65%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also try a mask fitter or brace — an elastic frame that fits over a mask to make it seal more tightly to the wearer's nose, mouth and face. \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.31.20249101v1.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">One study\u003c/a> from researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that using a mask fitter enhanced a surgical mask's filtration efficiency from under 20% to over 90%. [aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That shows you how important the fit is and how good a surgical mask can be if you are able to eliminate the leaks,\" notes Marr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test whether your mask fits well, try wearing it with glasses, suggests \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/jamie-weaver\">Jamie Weaver\u003c/a>, a research chemist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology who has been studying the filtration efficiencies of mask materials. \"If you start fogging up your glasses, that's a sign of a leak. I've also seen people put little hand mirrors next to the edge of their masks and breathe and see if they fog up mirrors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>4. Add a filter.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>You can boost filtration efficiency by wearing a two-layer mask with a pocket where you can insert a filter. The outer layers should be made of a tight-weave fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marr suggests using a surgical mask in the filter pocket. (You can cut the surgical mask to fit the pocket if need be.) She says HEPA filters cut out from the filters used in portable air cleaners work very well (\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBIaWCO6iFs&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here's her how-to video\u003c/a>). You can also buy fabric masks with a filter layer permanently attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another filter option: a material available at fabric stores called spunbond, also sold under the brand name Oly Fun. It's made out of polypropylene, so it also uses the power of static electricity to trap particles. Adding a filter made out of two layers of polypropylene could boost a cotton mask's filtration efficiency by as much as 35%, Stanford University researcher Yi Cui\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/07/01/880621610/a-users-guide-to-masks-what-s-best-at-protecting-others-and-yourself\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> told NPR\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to mask filters, \"the size of the filter seems to matter,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/jamie-weaver\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weaver\u003c/a>, who co-authored a \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.1c05182#.YOzeMdJ1iFM.twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> on the topic in the journal ACS Nano. Choose a filter that spans the material of your cloth mask, Weaver says — and make sure it's breathable.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. Choose a better cloth mask.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you're sticking with a cloth mask, make sure the one you wear is as protective as it can be. Opt for at least two layers in your mask — three layers are even better: Studies have shown that a three-layer mask made from tightly woven cotton fabric works well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look for fabrics that don't let light pass through when held up to a light source. (Think slightly stiffer dress-shirt cotton rather than thin T-shirt cotton.)\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One excellent choice: cotton flannel, says Weaver. She and her colleagues have found that a two-layer cotton flannel mask's filtration efficiency \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsanm.0c03319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jumped by an average of 33% \u003c/a>when it becomes humid — the kind of conditions created when you're breathing into the mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Synthetic fibers didn't perform as well, and they saw no boost from humidity. Perhaps not surprisingly given these findings, Weaver says her go-to mask of choice is a homemade multilayer cotton flannel mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/christopher-d-zangmeister\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Christopher Zangmeister\u003c/a>, a researcher at NIST, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/07/01/880621610/a-users-guide-to-masks-what-s-best-at-protecting-others-and-yourself\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">explained to NPR\u003c/a> last year, tightly woven natural cotton fibers with a raised nap, like flannel, tend to have more three-dimensional structure than synthetic fibers. That can create more roadblocks to stop an incoming particle. That said, filtration tests have shown that some masks made of other fabrics, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/06/881504418/want-to-create-a-better-mask-its-harder-than-it-seams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">like an engineered knit\u003c/a>, can be highly effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Rob Stein contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Time+To+Up+Your+Mask+Game&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"These suggestions and simple at-home hacks can make your mask a better barrier against the surging delta variant.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1628894096,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1734},"headData":{"title":"From Double-Masking to Adding Filters: Here's How to Up Your Mask Game | KQED","description":"These suggestions and simple at-home hacks can make your mask a better barrier against the surging delta variant.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"From Double-Masking to Adding Filters: Here's How to Up Your Mask Game","datePublished":"2021-08-13T18:28:36.000Z","dateModified":"2021-08-13T22:34:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11884967 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11884967","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/08/13/from-double-masking-to-adding-filters-heres-how-to-up-your-mask-game/","disqusTitle":"From Double-Masking to Adding Filters: Here's How to Up Your Mask Game","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Michele Abercrombie","nprByline":"Maria Godoy","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"962197192","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=962197192&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/02/03/962197192/5-hacks-to-make-your-face-mask-more-protective?ft=nprml&f=962197192","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 13 Aug 2021 11:39:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 03 Feb 2021 10:02:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 13 Aug 2021 11:39:56 -0400","path":"/news/11884967/from-double-masking-to-adding-filters-heres-how-to-up-your-mask-game","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With the delta variant surging and health officials urging indoor mask use — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884778/san-franciscos-new-vaccine-mandate-when-it-starts-what-it-covers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">requiring masks indoors\u003c/a> for many Bay Area locations — you've likely pulled out your old cloth masks. But it may be time for an upgrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Masks still work, but with delta, we need better-performing masks,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.air.cee.vt.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Linsey Marr\u003c/a>, a researcher at Virginia Tech who studies airborne virus transmission.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11884778","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant transmits more than twice as easily as the original strain of the coronavirus. It's now \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/08/11/1026190062/covid-delta-variant-transmission-cdc-chickenpox\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one of the most contagious respiratory viruses\u003c/a> we know of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also replicates quickly in the noses and throats of infected people, so they could be walking around with 1,000 times more virus in their bodies than if they had the original strain. All of that means it's imperative that you make sure your mask is protective, and not simply a bedazzled decoration for your face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes a high-performing mask? Marr says a mask's filtration efficiency is a function of both what material it's made of and how well it seals to your face. So whatever you do, make sure there are no gaps under cheeks or chin where the virus could sneak in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for more tips on how to seriously boost the protection your face mask offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>1. Consider N95s and KN95s.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some public health experts \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/transcript-dr-scott-gottlieb-on-face-the-nation-july-25-2021/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have suggested \u003c/a>that the spread of delta calls for donning more seriously protective masks like the gold standard of protection, N95 respirators, which block out at least 95% of particles when worn correctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is N95s are plentiful these days. However, they do have a downside: Because they seal so tightly to your face (that's why they work so well), N95s aren't exactly fun to wear, notes \u003ca href=\"https://dcasip.medicine.duke.edu/staff/ibukun-c-kalu-md\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Ibukun Kalu\u003c/a>, a pediatric infectious disease physician at Duke University Medical Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No one wants to wear an N95 for eight hours,\" Kalu says. She says they're great protection when you are in a high-risk situation such as caring for a COVID-19 patient, \"but it can be quite uncomfortable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you decide to opt for an N95 anyway, watch out for fakes. Check the CDC's site for advice on \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/usernotices/counterfeitResp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">how to spot a counterfeit\u003c/a> and a list (last updated in June) of\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/respsource3surgicaln95.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> trusted sources for surgical N95s\u003c/a>. You can also find more guidance on choosing a good fit among different N95 styles, and buy a NIOSH-approved mask at companies like \u003ca href=\"https://aiden.health/pages/fitkit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aiden\u003c/a> and the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://shop.projectn95.org/find-the-right-mask\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Project N95.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people have a harder time with the straps that N95s use to attach to your head. In that case, you can also consider KN95 respirators, which often attach with more comfortable ear loops. KN95s are regulated by the Chinese government, and, like N95s, they're supposed to filter out at least 95% of small airborne particles, although the testing standards differ in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, counterfeits have also been a problem with KN95s. And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-brief-fda-revokes-emergency-use-authorizations-certain-respirators-and-decontamination-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA recently revoked the emergency use authorization\u003c/a> it had granted to KN95s, which allowed them to be used in health care settings. However, you can still search the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/revoked-euas-non-niosh-approved-disposable-filtering-facepiece-respirators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA's list of formerly approved KN95s\u003c/a>. You may also want to check NIOSH's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/respirators/testing/NonNIOSHresults.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list of foreign-made respirators it tested\u003c/a> for filtration efficiency in the past, though the agency has now stopped doing those tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you opt for one of these respirators, make sure they also fit tightly to your face. And remember, no matter what you choose, the best mask is ultimately the one you will wear consistently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884968\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11884968\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Layering a cloth mask on top of a surgical mask helps achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration. Double-masking like this increases protection against the coronavirus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/double_mask_custom-15044e62df8e964c3a1de85eaa63887b12034dc3-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Layering a cloth mask on top of a surgical mask helps achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration. Double-masking like this increases protection against the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Michele Abercrombie/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>2. Wear two masks.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>One good way to get a better mask is to double up, says Marr, the researcher at Virginia Tech. Start with a surgical mask closest to your face, she says, and then add a cloth one on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The downside of surgical masks is that many of them fit loosely — and a mask's ability to filter out particles depends partly on how well it seals to your face. By layering a cloth mask on top, you can achieve a tighter fit while also adding an extra layer of filtration, says Marr, who\u003ca href=\"https://www.cell.com/med/pdf/S2666-6340(20)30072-6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> co-wrote a commentary earlier this year \u003c/a>recommending double-masking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choose a surgical mask made out of a nonwoven material called polypropylene, because that material holds an electrostatic charge that allows it to trap particles. (Some surgical masks are made of paper.) Then add a good-quality cloth mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don't keep piling on masks, Marr warns; just one additional mask is plenty. If your masks become too hard to breathe through, air will leak in and out through the sides instead. \"Then it's like you have a hole in your mask,\" Marr told NPR earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884970\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11884970\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Tie the ear loops close to the edges of the mask and tuck in the side pleats to minimizes gaps (left). Or use a hair clip to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head to achieve a tighter seal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/mask_diptych_hacks_wide-8e3f48f24fa8e66af92ad2817e7a082645af6320.jpg 1149w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tie the ear loops close to the edges of the mask and tuck in the side pleats to minimize gaps (left). Or use a hair clip to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head to achieve a tighter seal (right). \u003ccite>(Michele Abercrombie/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>3. Make your mask fit tighter.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Even at this late stage in the pandemic, it still bears repeating: Don't let your nose hang over your mask — that defeats the purpose! And to get the best protection, you also need to make sure that your mask fits as snugly as possible over your mouth and nostrils, up to your nose bridge, and that you don't see any gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mask's filtration efficiency varies depending on how well it conforms to your face, as a\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2774266?alert=article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> study\u003c/a> in JAMA Internal Medicine illustrates. Researchers found that the surgical masks they tested blocked out just 38.5% of small particles on average when worn normally. But filtration efficiency jumped when they tried various hacks to make the mask seal better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One trick they tested: Tie the ear loops into a knot as close to the edges of the mask as possible, then tuck the side pleats in to minimize any gaps that appear along the edges, as in the left photo, above. This boosted the surgical mask's filtration efficiency to 60%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another simple hack is to use a hair clip, as in the photo above at right, to hold the ear loops tightly at the back of the head. That raises the mask's filtration efficiency to nearly 65%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also try a mask fitter or brace — an elastic frame that fits over a mask to make it seal more tightly to the wearer's nose, mouth and face. \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.31.20249101v1.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">One study\u003c/a> from researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that using a mask fitter enhanced a surgical mask's filtration efficiency from under 20% to over 90%. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"coronavirus","label":"More Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That shows you how important the fit is and how good a surgical mask can be if you are able to eliminate the leaks,\" notes Marr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To test whether your mask fits well, try wearing it with glasses, suggests \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/jamie-weaver\">Jamie Weaver\u003c/a>, a research chemist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology who has been studying the filtration efficiencies of mask materials. \"If you start fogging up your glasses, that's a sign of a leak. I've also seen people put little hand mirrors next to the edge of their masks and breathe and see if they fog up mirrors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>4. Add a filter.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>You can boost filtration efficiency by wearing a two-layer mask with a pocket where you can insert a filter. The outer layers should be made of a tight-weave fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marr suggests using a surgical mask in the filter pocket. (You can cut the surgical mask to fit the pocket if need be.) She says HEPA filters cut out from the filters used in portable air cleaners work very well (\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBIaWCO6iFs&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here's her how-to video\u003c/a>). You can also buy fabric masks with a filter layer permanently attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another filter option: a material available at fabric stores called spunbond, also sold under the brand name Oly Fun. It's made out of polypropylene, so it also uses the power of static electricity to trap particles. Adding a filter made out of two layers of polypropylene could boost a cotton mask's filtration efficiency by as much as 35%, Stanford University researcher Yi Cui\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/07/01/880621610/a-users-guide-to-masks-what-s-best-at-protecting-others-and-yourself\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> told NPR\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to mask filters, \"the size of the filter seems to matter,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/jamie-weaver\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Weaver\u003c/a>, who co-authored a \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.1c05182#.YOzeMdJ1iFM.twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> on the topic in the journal ACS Nano. Choose a filter that spans the material of your cloth mask, Weaver says — and make sure it's breathable.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>5. Choose a better cloth mask.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you're sticking with a cloth mask, make sure the one you wear is as protective as it can be. Opt for at least two layers in your mask — three layers are even better: Studies have shown that a three-layer mask made from tightly woven cotton fabric works well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look for fabrics that don't let light pass through when held up to a light source. (Think slightly stiffer dress-shirt cotton rather than thin T-shirt cotton.)\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One excellent choice: cotton flannel, says Weaver. She and her colleagues have found that a two-layer cotton flannel mask's filtration efficiency \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsanm.0c03319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jumped by an average of 33% \u003c/a>when it becomes humid — the kind of conditions created when you're breathing into the mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Synthetic fibers didn't perform as well, and they saw no boost from humidity. Perhaps not surprisingly given these findings, Weaver says her go-to mask of choice is a homemade multilayer cotton flannel mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/people/christopher-d-zangmeister\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Christopher Zangmeister\u003c/a>, a researcher at NIST, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/07/01/880621610/a-users-guide-to-masks-what-s-best-at-protecting-others-and-yourself\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">explained to NPR\u003c/a> last year, tightly woven natural cotton fibers with a raised nap, like flannel, tend to have more three-dimensional structure than synthetic fibers. That can create more roadblocks to stop an incoming particle. That said, filtration tests have shown that some masks made of other fabrics, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/06/881504418/want-to-create-a-better-mask-its-harder-than-it-seams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">like an engineered knit\u003c/a>, can be highly effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's Rob Stein contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Time+To+Up+Your+Mask+Game&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11884967/from-double-masking-to-adding-filters-heres-how-to-up-your-mask-game","authors":["byline_news_11884967"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_27350","news_27504","news_18863","news_29644","news_27804","news_27651"],"featImg":"news_11885015","label":"source_news_11884967"},"news_11883559":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11883559","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11883559","score":null,"sort":[1628071222000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-race-against-time-to-stop-the-delta-variant-in-the-bay","title":"The Race Against Time to Stop the Delta Variant in the Bay","publishDate":1628071222,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The Race Against Time to Stop the Delta Variant in the Bay | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Just when there was a palpable sense that everything might be OK, the highly contagious Delta variant of COVID-19 came along. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The race to vaccinate more people is now even more urgent; \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">healthcare workers who are seeing more patients say another surge is entirely preventable, if only more people would get vaccinated. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesleywmcclurg/\">Lesley McClurg\u003c/a>, KQED science reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC7881377396&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the episode transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/37jrVnS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spotify\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stitcher\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, NPR One or via \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexa\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700692751,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":106},"headData":{"title":"The Race Against Time to Stop the Delta Variant in the Bay | KQED","description":"Just when there was a palpable sense that everything might be OK, the highly contagious Delta variant of COVID-19 came along. The race to vaccinate more people is now even more urgent; healthcare workers who are seeing more patients say another surge is entirely preventable, if only more people would get vaccinated. Guest: Lesley McClurg,","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"The Race Against Time to Stop the Delta Variant in the Bay","datePublished":"2021-08-04T10:00:22.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-22T22:39:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7881377396.mp3?updated=1628034132","path":"/news/11883559/the-race-against-time-to-stop-the-delta-variant-in-the-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Just when there was a palpable sense that everything might be OK, the highly contagious Delta variant of COVID-19 came along. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The race to vaccinate more people is now even more urgent; \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">healthcare workers who are seeing more patients say another surge is entirely preventable, if only more people would get vaccinated. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesleywmcclurg/\">Lesley McClurg\u003c/a>, KQED science reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC7881377396&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the episode transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/37jrVnS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Follow \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spotify\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stitcher\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, NPR One or via \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexa\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11883559/the-race-against-time-to-stop-the-delta-variant-in-the-bay","authors":["7240","11229","8654","11649"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520","news_356"],"tags":["news_27504","news_18863","news_28199","news_22598"],"featImg":"news_11882842","label":"source_news_11883559"},"news_11883324":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11883324","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11883324","score":null,"sort":[1627819202000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"kids-are-heading-back-to-school-heres-how-to-keep-them-safe-as-delta-variant-spreads","title":"Kids Are Heading Back to School. Here's How to Keep Them Safe as Delta Variant Spreads","publishDate":1627819202,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/K-12-Guidance-2021-22-School-Year.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">current rules\u003c/a> for schools require all staff, students and visitors to wear masks inside school buildings when classes begin in just a few weeks. It's a big moment for kids and families as many children will be seeing the inside of a classroom for the first time in 18 months — but returning to school comes in the shadow of the delta variant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Natalia Navarro spoke with pediatrician and UCSF associate professor Sunitha Kaiser about how to keep kids safe from COVID-19 as they head back to class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED's Natalia Navarro: Do you think schools can reopen safely — and how will that work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Sunitha Kaiser:\u003c/strong> Yes, we're confident that schools can reopen safely. But each school district will be monitoring very closely for rises in COVID infections over time, and anything concerning. They'll be keeping a very close eye to continue to ensure safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know how to keep kids safe from this virus: continue to have schools tackle multiple strategies of minimizing the risks, keeping kids and adults masked, trying to promote physical distance and ventilation, and keeping folks out of school when they have symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we also know vaccines are incredibly effective. We know that most kids are actually getting COVID at home from close household contacts. The best way to boost safety is for whoever is eligible to get vaccinated — close household contacts and family members — to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you think FDA approval for Pfizer for children under 12 is coming soon?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hope so. We think that it will come by the end of this calendar year. But it does depend on the pace and findings of the trials in children, which are still ongoing. We do hope that by the end of the year, even the youngest children will be able to get vaccinated. But it already makes a tremendous difference in school settings for children 12 and older to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From your research during last winter's surge before vaccines, what works to prevent transmission between kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We studied over 50 sites around San Francisco that supported kids and coming in person to do their online learning. We studied them for four months during the highest peak in San Francisco, much higher than current levels when vaccinations were not yet widely available. We observed over 1,700 children and over 200 adults, and there was only one case of hub-based COVID transmission and adult-to-adult case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It really signified an overwhelming level of safety with the strategies they had in place, which at the time did not include vaccinations. The core principles we've learned that prevent COVID are masking, maximizing physical distance, keeping kids and adults out that have any COVID symptoms and maximizing ventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents and caregivers be asking their districts going into this fall?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They should be asking their districts what their COVID prevention strategies are, including the ones we've discussed, and how they're going to monitor and ensure our safety going forward. They should also ask proactively how the school is going to work in partnership with health care entities or others to ensure the availability of testing for rapid testing for any children or adults who need it, which will continue to add a layer of safety. There's much better infrastructure for that now than there has been in the past. [aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You mentioned that COVID transmission is more common between adults than between kids. If you were a teacher, would you be nervous right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best thing teachers can do to ease their anxiety is get vaccinated. That's the biggest thing we can do to decrease our own personal risk, regardless of our work situation, because we know that we have these incredibly effective vaccines. Thus far, even against delta, they show really strong protection against severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I would encourage them to be increasingly secure in the fact that now we have recommendations around keeping everyone masked indoors regardless of vaccination status. And we're going to have a growing portion of folks getting vaccinated which can drive down community problems and overall risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Unvaccinated Californians can go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"6\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call (833) 422-4255 to schedule their appointment or go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov/clinic\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/clinic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"7\">myturn.ca.gov/clinic\u003c/a> to find a walk-in clinic in their county.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"KQED's Natalia Navarro interviewed pediatrician and UCSF associate professor Sunitha Kaiser to talk about how to keep kids safe from COVID-19 as schools begin to re-open.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1657153841,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":758},"headData":{"title":"Kids Are Heading Back to School. Here's How to Keep Them Safe as Delta Variant Spreads | KQED","description":"KQED's Natalia Navarro interviewed pediatrician and UCSF associate professor Sunitha Kaiser to talk about how to keep kids safe from COVID-19 as schools begin to re-open.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Kids Are Heading Back to School. Here's How to Keep Them Safe as Delta Variant Spreads","datePublished":"2021-08-01T12:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2022-07-07T00:30:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11883324 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11883324","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/08/01/kids-are-heading-back-to-school-heres-how-to-keep-them-safe-as-delta-variant-spreads/","disqusTitle":"Kids Are Heading Back to School. Here's How to Keep Them Safe as Delta Variant Spreads","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2021/07/SchoolVaccinesNavarro.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11883324/kids-are-heading-back-to-school-heres-how-to-keep-them-safe-as-delta-variant-spreads","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/K-12-Guidance-2021-22-School-Year.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">current rules\u003c/a> for schools require all staff, students and visitors to wear masks inside school buildings when classes begin in just a few weeks. It's a big moment for kids and families as many children will be seeing the inside of a classroom for the first time in 18 months — but returning to school comes in the shadow of the delta variant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Natalia Navarro spoke with pediatrician and UCSF associate professor Sunitha Kaiser about how to keep kids safe from COVID-19 as they head back to class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED's Natalia Navarro: Do you think schools can reopen safely — and how will that work?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Professor Sunitha Kaiser:\u003c/strong> Yes, we're confident that schools can reopen safely. But each school district will be monitoring very closely for rises in COVID infections over time, and anything concerning. They'll be keeping a very close eye to continue to ensure safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know how to keep kids safe from this virus: continue to have schools tackle multiple strategies of minimizing the risks, keeping kids and adults masked, trying to promote physical distance and ventilation, and keeping folks out of school when they have symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we also know vaccines are incredibly effective. We know that most kids are actually getting COVID at home from close household contacts. The best way to boost safety is for whoever is eligible to get vaccinated — close household contacts and family members — to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you think FDA approval for Pfizer for children under 12 is coming soon?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hope so. We think that it will come by the end of this calendar year. But it does depend on the pace and findings of the trials in children, which are still ongoing. We do hope that by the end of the year, even the youngest children will be able to get vaccinated. But it already makes a tremendous difference in school settings for children 12 and older to be vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From your research during last winter's surge before vaccines, what works to prevent transmission between kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We studied over 50 sites around San Francisco that supported kids and coming in person to do their online learning. We studied them for four months during the highest peak in San Francisco, much higher than current levels when vaccinations were not yet widely available. We observed over 1,700 children and over 200 adults, and there was only one case of hub-based COVID transmission and adult-to-adult case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It really signified an overwhelming level of safety with the strategies they had in place, which at the time did not include vaccinations. The core principles we've learned that prevent COVID are masking, maximizing physical distance, keeping kids and adults out that have any COVID symptoms and maximizing ventilation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents and caregivers be asking their districts going into this fall?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They should be asking their districts what their COVID prevention strategies are, including the ones we've discussed, and how they're going to monitor and ensure our safety going forward. They should also ask proactively how the school is going to work in partnership with health care entities or others to ensure the availability of testing for rapid testing for any children or adults who need it, which will continue to add a layer of safety. There's much better infrastructure for that now than there has been in the past. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"coronavirus","label":"More Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You mentioned that COVID transmission is more common between adults than between kids. If you were a teacher, would you be nervous right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best thing teachers can do to ease their anxiety is get vaccinated. That's the biggest thing we can do to decrease our own personal risk, regardless of our work situation, because we know that we have these incredibly effective vaccines. Thus far, even against delta, they show really strong protection against severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I would encourage them to be increasingly secure in the fact that now we have recommendations around keeping everyone masked indoors regardless of vaccination status. And we're going to have a growing portion of folks getting vaccinated which can drive down community problems and overall risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Unvaccinated Californians can go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"6\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call (833) 422-4255 to schedule their appointment or go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov/clinic\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/clinic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"7\">myturn.ca.gov/clinic\u003c/a> to find a walk-in clinic in their county.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11883324/kids-are-heading-back-to-school-heres-how-to-keep-them-safe-as-delta-variant-spreads","authors":["11756","11626"],"categories":["news_18540","news_457","news_28250","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_27350","news_27989","news_18863","news_29644","news_20013","news_22602"],"featImg":"news_11883330","label":"news"},"news_11882840":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11882840","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11882840","score":null,"sort":[1627646457000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"it-gives-me-tremendous-anxiety-californias-delta-surge-sparks-flashbacks-for-many-health-care-workers","title":"‘It Gives Me Tremendous Anxiety’: California's Delta Surge Sparks Flashbacks for Many Health Care Workers","publishDate":1627646457,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Remember that moment just about a month ago when there was a palpable sense everything might be OK?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economy was reopening. People were packing back into restaurants. Sweaty bodies filled clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even exhausted health care workers breathed their first deep sigh of relief as communities across California experienced the first real lull in the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like COVID updates — none,” said Dr. Nicole Braxley, an emergency medicine physician at Mercy San Juan Medical Center in Carmichael. “And everyone’s like, ‘Yeah! Let’s talk about something else.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Not Out of The Woods Yet’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Then the delta variant hit California, and rapidly took hold, particularly in unvaccinated pockets of the state. It now \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions\">appears\u003c/a> to be spreading two to three times faster than the original strain of the virus. Early \u003ca href=\"https://virological.org/t/viral-infection-and-transmission-in-a-large-well-traced-outbreak-caused-by-the-delta-sars-cov-2-variant/724\">research\u003c/a> from China shows that people who catch the delta variant have, on average, about 1,000 times more copies of the virus in their respiratory tracts than those who contracted the original bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Dr. Nicole Braxley, Mercy San Juan Medical Center in Carmichael\"]'There are places in the world and people in countries that would give their right arm to get a vaccine.'[/pullquote]Case tallies are rising across the state. In Sacramento County, where Carmichael is located, \u003ca href=\"https://sac-epidemiology.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=e11bc926165742ab99f834079f618dad\">hundreds\u003c/a> of people a day are now testing positive. Less than a month ago, Braxley was seeing one or two COVID-19 patients a week. Now, she's treating about a dozen people a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of them are unvaccinated, and many express regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a gentleman that I had to admit for COVID,” said Braxley, the Mercy San Juan Medical Center physician. “And he said, ‘Can you give [the vaccine] to me today? I've been meaning to get it.’ It's too late. The decision has already been made and the damage is done. And so now we just have to admit the patient and hope for the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant is even taking hold in places like San Francisco, where \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/data/covid-19-vaccinations#vaccinated-san-franciscans\">77% of eligible residents\u003c/a> are fully vaccinated. The vast majority of hospitalized cases are among unvaccinated people, but there is also the occasional severe breakthrough case — when a fully vaccinated person contracts the virus — mostly in older people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liz McCusker, a nurse in the emergency room at Saint Francis Memorial Hospital in San Francisco, remembers an 81-year-old man who arrived with a violent cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was such a lovely gentleman,” she said. “He’d gone down the path of having the vaccine and taking care of himself, but developed these symptoms and was really very sick. It’s just sad to see that again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His condition never improved, and he eventually died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sort of a reminder that we are not out of the woods yet,” McCusker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Flashbacks to Last Winter\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Along with spreading faster, the delta variant might also be more potent than the original strain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're seeing patients becoming sicker and their conditions are worsening much more quickly,” Dr. Mira Irons, the American Medical Association’s chief health and science officer, said in a recent “AMA COVID-19 Update” \u003ca href=\"https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/mira-irons-md-vaccination-efforts-and-novavax-details\">video\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention changed its masking guidance. The agency is now urging anyone living in areas with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/28/health/substantial-or-high-covid-19-transmission-wellness/index.html\">\"substantial\" and \"high\" transmission\u003c/a> of COVID-19 to mask up indoors. The recommendation applies to nearly \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#county-view\">two-thirds\u003c/a> of all US counties, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR21-234.aspx\">more than 90%\u003c/a> of California. State health officials are also following suit and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11882864/california-once-again-recommends-everyone-mask-up-indoors\">encouraging all residents\u003c/a> to mask up in indoor public spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"delta-variant\"]\"In recent days, I have seen new scientific data from recent outbreak investigations showing that the delta variant behaves uniquely differently from past strains of the virus that cause COVID-19,\" CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said during\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/t0727-covid-19-telebrief.mp3\"> a media briefing\u003c/a> on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. vaccine supply is ample, but only about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covidview/index.html\">half of all Americans\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/nCOV2019.aspx\">half of Californians\u003c/a>, are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And vaccination rates have slowed substantially. In the early days of the rollout, demand for shots far outweighed supply. Now, public health officials are grappling with the opposite problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mass vaccine sites have shut down in urban areas because long lines shrunk to nothing. The same is true in many rural counties. In Lassen County, for instance, fewer than 20% of residents are fully vaccinated. And across the Central Valley, many counties have plateaued at a full vaccination rate of around 35%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are places in the world and people in countries that would give their right arm to get a vaccine,” said Braxley, with tears in her eyes. She apologized for getting emotional. It’s not usually her style, she says, but it’s been a long year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s hot spot is, again, Los Angeles County, where \u003ca href=\"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/data/index.htm\">thousands\u003c/a> of people are now testing positive every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm running around like a chicken without a head,” said Dr. Dinora Chinchilla, a pulmonologist specializing in critical care in Los Angeles County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s drowning under her current load of patients, all of whom are battling the virus. The situation is sparking flashbacks for her to last winter’s peak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives me tremendous anxiety to think that we're going the other direction again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The night after her interview, Chinchilla sent a text reporting that two more of her patients had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Daunting Task Ahead\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newson says he’s not only exhausted, but floored that people are still hesitant about getting the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the deadliness and efficiency of the delta virus, you're putting other innocent people's lives at risk, you're putting businesses at risk, you're putting at risk the ability to educate our kids by getting them back in person full time for in-person instruction,” he said during a media briefing on Monday. “You don't have a choice to go out and drink and drive and put everybody else's lives at risk, that's the equivalent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]Many local public health officials across the state are desperately scrambling to get more people vaccinated. In Alameda County, crews are going door to door with the goal of 90,000 home visits in census tracts with the lowest vaccine rates. The hope is that in-person conversations will motivate on-the-fence residents to sign up for an appointment. Similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/05/04/as-california-surpasses-30-million-vaccines-governor-newsom-doubles-down-on-efforts-to-vaccinate-hard-to-reach-communities/\">efforts\u003c/a> are also unfolding in more than a dozen other counties across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Race Against Time’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some counties are also throwing vaccine parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent July rally in Alameda, on an urban community farm adjacent to a low-income housing complex, balloons line fences, hamburger smoke billows from grills, and an emcee jumps on the stage to announce $100 and $500 raffle prizes to the growing crowd. Even Alameda Mayor Marilyn Ezzy Ashcraft stops by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to meet people where we are,” she said. “But I do feel that it’s a race against time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of teens clap enthusiastically for Z’haria Anderson, 15, after a nurse administers a shot of the Pfizer vaccine in her left arm. Anderson, who works on the farm, says her schedule has been packed, and so is delighted the vaccination event came to her today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just feels really nice knowing that I'm contributing to helping the world get a little bit safer,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Z’haria Anderson, 15\"]'It just feels really nice knowing that I'm contributing to helping the world get a little bit safer.'[/pullquote]Other attendees at the event blamed their belated decision to get vaccinated on being squeamish about the side effects. Some also worried the science wasn’t there yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just think I wanted to watch to see more studies to see how women was reacting to the dosage,” said Roxanne Akins, an Alameda resident. She says she finally showed up because friends and family around her stepped up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were a great inspiration to go ahead and get this done,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event offered residents a lively afternoon, but the tally at the end of the day fell far short of the 75 shots the mayor had expected to see administered: All of the bells and whistles inspired just 13 people to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the battle public health officials continue to face. The process of protecting people is slow and it’s arduous — but it’s the best hope of preventing the delta variant from claiming more lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unvaccinated Californians can go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"6\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call (833) 422-4255 to schedule their appointment or go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov/clinic\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/clinic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"7\">myturn.ca.gov/clinic\u003c/a> to find a walk-in clinic in their county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"After a short respite last month, health care workers across California are now grappling with a surge of new COVID-19 cases. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1627761898,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":41,"wordCount":1543},"headData":{"title":"‘It Gives Me Tremendous Anxiety’: California's Delta Surge Sparks Flashbacks for Many Health Care Workers | KQED","description":"After a short respite last month, health care workers across California are now grappling with a surge of new COVID-19 cases. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘It Gives Me Tremendous Anxiety’: California's Delta Surge Sparks Flashbacks for Many Health Care Workers","datePublished":"2021-07-30T12:00:57.000Z","dateModified":"2021-07-31T20:04:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11882840 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11882840","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/07/30/it-gives-me-tremendous-anxiety-californias-delta-surge-sparks-flashbacks-for-many-health-care-workers/","disqusTitle":"‘It Gives Me Tremendous Anxiety’: California's Delta Surge Sparks Flashbacks for Many Health Care Workers","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/74cce784-84e7-47ca-ae62-ad7301178bd4/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11882840/it-gives-me-tremendous-anxiety-californias-delta-surge-sparks-flashbacks-for-many-health-care-workers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Remember that moment just about a month ago when there was a palpable sense everything might be OK?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economy was reopening. People were packing back into restaurants. Sweaty bodies filled clubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even exhausted health care workers breathed their first deep sigh of relief as communities across California experienced the first real lull in the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like COVID updates — none,” said Dr. Nicole Braxley, an emergency medicine physician at Mercy San Juan Medical Center in Carmichael. “And everyone’s like, ‘Yeah! Let’s talk about something else.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Not Out of The Woods Yet’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Then the delta variant hit California, and rapidly took hold, particularly in unvaccinated pockets of the state. It now \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions\">appears\u003c/a> to be spreading two to three times faster than the original strain of the virus. Early \u003ca href=\"https://virological.org/t/viral-infection-and-transmission-in-a-large-well-traced-outbreak-caused-by-the-delta-sars-cov-2-variant/724\">research\u003c/a> from China shows that people who catch the delta variant have, on average, about 1,000 times more copies of the virus in their respiratory tracts than those who contracted the original bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'There are places in the world and people in countries that would give their right arm to get a vaccine.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Dr. Nicole Braxley, Mercy San Juan Medical Center in Carmichael","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Case tallies are rising across the state. In Sacramento County, where Carmichael is located, \u003ca href=\"https://sac-epidemiology.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=e11bc926165742ab99f834079f618dad\">hundreds\u003c/a> of people a day are now testing positive. Less than a month ago, Braxley was seeing one or two COVID-19 patients a week. Now, she's treating about a dozen people a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of them are unvaccinated, and many express regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a gentleman that I had to admit for COVID,” said Braxley, the Mercy San Juan Medical Center physician. “And he said, ‘Can you give [the vaccine] to me today? I've been meaning to get it.’ It's too late. The decision has already been made and the damage is done. And so now we just have to admit the patient and hope for the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant is even taking hold in places like San Francisco, where \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/data/covid-19-vaccinations#vaccinated-san-franciscans\">77% of eligible residents\u003c/a> are fully vaccinated. The vast majority of hospitalized cases are among unvaccinated people, but there is also the occasional severe breakthrough case — when a fully vaccinated person contracts the virus — mostly in older people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liz McCusker, a nurse in the emergency room at Saint Francis Memorial Hospital in San Francisco, remembers an 81-year-old man who arrived with a violent cough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was such a lovely gentleman,” she said. “He’d gone down the path of having the vaccine and taking care of himself, but developed these symptoms and was really very sick. It’s just sad to see that again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His condition never improved, and he eventually died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sort of a reminder that we are not out of the woods yet,” McCusker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Flashbacks to Last Winter\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Along with spreading faster, the delta variant might also be more potent than the original strain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're seeing patients becoming sicker and their conditions are worsening much more quickly,” Dr. Mira Irons, the American Medical Association’s chief health and science officer, said in a recent “AMA COVID-19 Update” \u003ca href=\"https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/mira-irons-md-vaccination-efforts-and-novavax-details\">video\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention changed its masking guidance. The agency is now urging anyone living in areas with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/28/health/substantial-or-high-covid-19-transmission-wellness/index.html\">\"substantial\" and \"high\" transmission\u003c/a> of COVID-19 to mask up indoors. The recommendation applies to nearly \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#county-view\">two-thirds\u003c/a> of all US counties, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/NR21-234.aspx\">more than 90%\u003c/a> of California. State health officials are also following suit and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11882864/california-once-again-recommends-everyone-mask-up-indoors\">encouraging all residents\u003c/a> to mask up in indoor public spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"delta-variant"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"In recent days, I have seen new scientific data from recent outbreak investigations showing that the delta variant behaves uniquely differently from past strains of the virus that cause COVID-19,\" CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said during\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/t0727-covid-19-telebrief.mp3\"> a media briefing\u003c/a> on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. vaccine supply is ample, but only about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covidview/index.html\">half of all Americans\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Immunization/nCOV2019.aspx\">half of Californians\u003c/a>, are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And vaccination rates have slowed substantially. In the early days of the rollout, demand for shots far outweighed supply. Now, public health officials are grappling with the opposite problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mass vaccine sites have shut down in urban areas because long lines shrunk to nothing. The same is true in many rural counties. In Lassen County, for instance, fewer than 20% of residents are fully vaccinated. And across the Central Valley, many counties have plateaued at a full vaccination rate of around 35%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are places in the world and people in countries that would give their right arm to get a vaccine,” said Braxley, with tears in her eyes. She apologized for getting emotional. It’s not usually her style, she says, but it’s been a long year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s hot spot is, again, Los Angeles County, where \u003ca href=\"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/media/coronavirus/data/index.htm\">thousands\u003c/a> of people are now testing positive every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm running around like a chicken without a head,” said Dr. Dinora Chinchilla, a pulmonologist specializing in critical care in Los Angeles County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s drowning under her current load of patients, all of whom are battling the virus. The situation is sparking flashbacks for her to last winter’s peak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives me tremendous anxiety to think that we're going the other direction again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The night after her interview, Chinchilla sent a text reporting that two more of her patients had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Daunting Task Ahead\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newson says he’s not only exhausted, but floored that people are still hesitant about getting the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the deadliness and efficiency of the delta virus, you're putting other innocent people's lives at risk, you're putting businesses at risk, you're putting at risk the ability to educate our kids by getting them back in person full time for in-person instruction,” he said during a media briefing on Monday. “You don't have a choice to go out and drink and drive and put everybody else's lives at risk, that's the equivalent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many local public health officials across the state are desperately scrambling to get more people vaccinated. In Alameda County, crews are going door to door with the goal of 90,000 home visits in census tracts with the lowest vaccine rates. The hope is that in-person conversations will motivate on-the-fence residents to sign up for an appointment. Similar \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2021/05/04/as-california-surpasses-30-million-vaccines-governor-newsom-doubles-down-on-efforts-to-vaccinate-hard-to-reach-communities/\">efforts\u003c/a> are also unfolding in more than a dozen other counties across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Race Against Time’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Some counties are also throwing vaccine parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent July rally in Alameda, on an urban community farm adjacent to a low-income housing complex, balloons line fences, hamburger smoke billows from grills, and an emcee jumps on the stage to announce $100 and $500 raffle prizes to the growing crowd. Even Alameda Mayor Marilyn Ezzy Ashcraft stops by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to meet people where we are,” she said. “But I do feel that it’s a race against time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of teens clap enthusiastically for Z’haria Anderson, 15, after a nurse administers a shot of the Pfizer vaccine in her left arm. Anderson, who works on the farm, says her schedule has been packed, and so is delighted the vaccination event came to her today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just feels really nice knowing that I'm contributing to helping the world get a little bit safer,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It just feels really nice knowing that I'm contributing to helping the world get a little bit safer.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Z’haria Anderson, 15","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Other attendees at the event blamed their belated decision to get vaccinated on being squeamish about the side effects. Some also worried the science wasn’t there yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just think I wanted to watch to see more studies to see how women was reacting to the dosage,” said Roxanne Akins, an Alameda resident. She says she finally showed up because friends and family around her stepped up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were a great inspiration to go ahead and get this done,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event offered residents a lively afternoon, but the tally at the end of the day fell far short of the 75 shots the mayor had expected to see administered: All of the bells and whistles inspired just 13 people to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the battle public health officials continue to face. The process of protecting people is slow and it’s arduous — but it’s the best hope of preventing the delta variant from claiming more lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unvaccinated Californians can go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"6\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call (833) 422-4255 to schedule their appointment or go to \u003ca title=\"myturn.ca.gov/clinic\" href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/clinic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"7\">myturn.ca.gov/clinic\u003c/a> to find a walk-in clinic in their county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11882840/it-gives-me-tremendous-anxiety-californias-delta-surge-sparks-flashbacks-for-many-health-care-workers","authors":["11229"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_27350","news_27504","news_29076","news_18863","news_29644","news_27626","news_28199","news_29724"],"featImg":"news_11883048","label":"news"},"news_11880495":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11880495","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11880495","score":null,"sort":[1625685129000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"delta-is-now-the-dominant-coronavirus-variant-in-the-us","title":"Delta Is Now the Dominant Coronavirus Variant in the US","publishDate":1625685129,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>The highly contagious delta variant now accounts for more than 51% of COVID-19 cases in the U.S., according \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions\">to new estimates\u003c/a> released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The variant, also known as B.1.617.2, was first detected in India and is spreading quickly across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in parts of the U.S., the delta strain accounts for more than 80% of new infections, including some Midwestern states such as Missouri, Kansas and Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant is already causing 74.3% of infections in Western states, including Utah and Colorado, and 58.8% of infections in Southern states such as Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Oklahoma, according to CDC estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is the vaccines being used in the U.S. all appear to be highly effective at protecting against serious disease, hospitalization and death. And public health officials are urging the roughly 140 million to 150 million people who remain unvaccinated to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now we have two Americas: the vaccinated and the unvaccinated America,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.chop.edu/doctors/offit-paul-a\">says Dr. Paul Offit, \u003c/a>an infectious disease specialist at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're feeling pretty good right now because it's the summer. But come winter, if we still have a significant percentage of the population that is unvaccinated, we're going to see this virus surge again,\" Offit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's crucial to increase vaccinations in other countries,\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.yale.edu/yigh/profile/saad_omer/\"> says Saad Omer\u003c/a>, a vaccine researcher at Yale. \"The world has to get its act together,\" Omer says. \"Otherwise yet another, potentially more dangerous variant could emerge.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The CDC released new estimates showing the highly contagious delta variant now accounts for more than 51% of cases in the U.S. In some parts of the country, the strain is responsible for 80% of cases.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1625685470,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":284},"headData":{"title":"Delta Is Now the Dominant Coronavirus Variant in the US | KQED","description":"The CDC released new estimates showing the highly contagious delta variant now accounts for more than 51% of cases in the U.S. In some parts of the country, the strain is responsible for 80% of cases.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Delta Is Now the Dominant Coronavirus Variant in the US","datePublished":"2021-07-07T19:12:09.000Z","dateModified":"2021-07-07T19:17:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11880495 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11880495","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/07/07/delta-is-now-the-dominant-coronavirus-variant-in-the-us/","disqusTitle":"Delta Is Now the Dominant Coronavirus Variant in the US","source":"NPR","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/","nprImageCredit":"Boris Roessler","nprByline":"Jane Greenhalgh and Rob Stein\u003cbr />NPR","nprImageAgency":"DPA/Picture Alliance via Getty","nprStoryId":"1013582342","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1013582342&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/07/06/1013582342/delta-is-now-the-dominant-coronavirus-variant-in-the-u-s?ft=nprml&f=1013582342","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 07 Jul 2021 13:19:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 06 Jul 2021 20:23:40 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 07 Jul 2021 13:19:01 -0400","path":"/news/11880495/delta-is-now-the-dominant-coronavirus-variant-in-the-us","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The highly contagious delta variant now accounts for more than 51% of COVID-19 cases in the U.S., according \u003ca href=\"https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions\">to new estimates\u003c/a> released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The variant, also known as B.1.617.2, was first detected in India and is spreading quickly across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in parts of the U.S., the delta strain accounts for more than 80% of new infections, including some Midwestern states such as Missouri, Kansas and Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"coronavirus","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta variant is already causing 74.3% of infections in Western states, including Utah and Colorado, and 58.8% of infections in Southern states such as Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Oklahoma, according to CDC estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is the vaccines being used in the U.S. all appear to be highly effective at protecting against serious disease, hospitalization and death. And public health officials are urging the roughly 140 million to 150 million people who remain unvaccinated to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now we have two Americas: the vaccinated and the unvaccinated America,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.chop.edu/doctors/offit-paul-a\">says Dr. Paul Offit, \u003c/a>an infectious disease specialist at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're feeling pretty good right now because it's the summer. But come winter, if we still have a significant percentage of the population that is unvaccinated, we're going to see this virus surge again,\" Offit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's crucial to increase vaccinations in other countries,\u003ca href=\"https://medicine.yale.edu/yigh/profile/saad_omer/\"> says Saad Omer\u003c/a>, a vaccine researcher at Yale. \"The world has to get its act together,\" Omer says. \"Otherwise yet another, potentially more dangerous variant could emerge.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11880495/delta-is-now-the-dominant-coronavirus-variant-in-the-us","authors":["byline_news_11880495"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_27350","news_27989","news_27504","news_18863","news_29644"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11880496","label":"source_news_11880495"},"news_10981688":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10981688","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10981688","score":null,"sort":[1465345458000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"court-suspends-metropolitan-water-districts-massive-delta-land-buy","title":"Court Suspends Metropolitan Water District's Massive Delta Land Buy","publishDate":1465345458,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>FRESNO — Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying sprawling farmland that could be used to help build twin tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, a court ruled Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento granted a temporary restraining order the day before escrow was set to close on Metropolitan Water District's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/13/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta\" target=\"_blank\">$175 million deal for 20,000 acres\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling delays the district's purchase by no more than a few weeks, Metropolitan attorney Catherine Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe it's a substantive decision,\" she said, adding that the court probably needs more time to review hundreds of pages of documents filed in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10981692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10981692\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg\" alt=\"Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \" width=\"800\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-400x227.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-1180x671.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-960x546.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Metropolitan Water District)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan will ultimately be cleared to buy the land at the hub of California's water system east of San Francisco and more than 300 miles north of Los Angeles, Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin and Contra Costa counties \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/17/opponents-sue-to-block-l-a-water-districts-purchase-of-delta-islands-2\" target=\"_blank\">filed suit against Metropolitan\u003c/a>, a major backer of Gov. Jerry Brown's plan to build the tunnels to send water south. The counties, which oppose the tunnels, contend that Metropolitan failed to study how the deal may harm the fragile delta before buying the land from a Swiss investment group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"HeCngGj42Bt9Cuujm2laEpVLGWIqYZKH\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan officials say the lawsuit is premature because it has not formally decided how it will use the land. The district says it may use it to store earth from the tunnel project or for habitat restoration to ensure a reliable supply of delta water to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $15.7 billion tunnels plan awaits regulatory approval before work can begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Tuesday, the State Water Resources Control Board dropped a historic $1.4 million fine against the Byron-Bethany Irrigation District, accused of illegally taking river water at the height of drought last summer. The board found that its enforcement officers could not prove their case against Byron-Bethany and a second district, West Side Irrigation, which was ordered to stop taking water but not fined.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying 20,000 acres of farmland that could be used to help build tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1465360941,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":379},"headData":{"title":"Court Suspends Metropolitan Water District's Massive Delta Land Buy | KQED","description":"Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying 20,000 acres of farmland that could be used to help build tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Court Suspends Metropolitan Water District's Massive Delta Land Buy","datePublished":"2016-06-08T00:24:18.000Z","dateModified":"2016-06-08T04:42:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10981688 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10981688","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/07/court-suspends-metropolitan-water-districts-massive-delta-land-buy/","disqusTitle":"Court Suspends Metropolitan Water District's Massive Delta Land Buy","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Scott Smith\u003cbr>Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/10981688/court-suspends-metropolitan-water-districts-massive-delta-land-buy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>FRESNO — Southern California's largest water supplier was temporarily blocked from buying sprawling farmland that could be used to help build twin tunnels under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, a court ruled Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's 3rd District Court of Appeal in Sacramento granted a temporary restraining order the day before escrow was set to close on Metropolitan Water District's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/13/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta\" target=\"_blank\">$175 million deal for 20,000 acres\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling delays the district's purchase by no more than a few weeks, Metropolitan attorney Catherine Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don't believe it's a substantive decision,\" she said, adding that the court probably needs more time to review hundreds of pages of documents filed in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10981692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10981692\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg\" alt=\"Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \" width=\"800\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-800x455.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-400x227.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-1180x671.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/DeltaIslands-1-1920x1091-960x546.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, is selling the Metropolitan Water District about 20,000 acres, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Metropolitan Water District)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan will ultimately be cleared to buy the land at the hub of California's water system east of San Francisco and more than 300 miles north of Los Angeles, Stites said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Joaquin and Contra Costa counties \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/17/opponents-sue-to-block-l-a-water-districts-purchase-of-delta-islands-2\" target=\"_blank\">filed suit against Metropolitan\u003c/a>, a major backer of Gov. Jerry Brown's plan to build the tunnels to send water south. The counties, which oppose the tunnels, contend that Metropolitan failed to study how the deal may harm the fragile delta before buying the land from a Swiss investment group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan officials say the lawsuit is premature because it has not formally decided how it will use the land. The district says it may use it to store earth from the tunnel project or for habitat restoration to ensure a reliable supply of delta water to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $15.7 billion tunnels plan awaits regulatory approval before work can begin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Tuesday, the State Water Resources Control Board dropped a historic $1.4 million fine against the Byron-Bethany Irrigation District, accused of illegally taking river water at the height of drought last summer. The board found that its enforcement officers could not prove their case against Byron-Bethany and a second district, West Side Irrigation, which was ordered to stop taking water but not fined.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10981688/court-suspends-metropolitan-water-districts-massive-delta-land-buy","authors":["byline_news_10981688"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18863","news_18864","news_17286","news_483"],"featImg":"news_10981697","label":"news_72"},"science_742440":{"type":"posts","id":"science_742440","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"742440","score":null,"sort":[1464803007000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-do-we-sustainably-manage-the-deltas-fish","title":"How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish?","publishDate":1464803007,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish? | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>It’s no secret that the ecosystem of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is in rough shape, by many metrics. One of the most talked about, and controversial, subjects is the state of the delta’s native fish populations, including endangered salmon runs and delta smelt. Management to protect critical fish populations has meant curbing water exports from the delta, which support farms and cities farther south and west – a policy unpopular with many water users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is there a better way to do things?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisheries expert \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/people/peter-b-moyle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Peter Moyle\u003c/a>, a distinguished professor emeritus in the Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis\u003c/a>, has some ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle has spent decades studying the ecosystem, gathering data from Suisun Marsh that goes back to 1979 and authoring (or coauthoring) more than 225 publications including the books “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520227545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Inland Fishes of California\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520276086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Suisun Marsh: Ecological History and Possible Futures\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_742447\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-742447\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg\" alt=\"A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \" width=\"384\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt-400x338.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moyle spoke recently with Water Deeply about key problems in the delta, ideas for better management and the how native fish populations can be restored through habitat changes in key areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: When it comes to the delta, we hear a lot about a few endangered species, but how is the delta ecosystem doing as a whole?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Moyle: It’s not an easy question to answer. It’s actually a healthy ecosystem. But it has a lot of undesirable characteristics and by that I mean it’s not a very good place for native fish, like salmon and smelt. But it’s a great place for some of these non-native fish like largemouth bass. It depends on your point of view. If you’re a bass fisherman, the delta is great. If you’re interested in trying to keep native fish species going, like the delta smelt, it’s an ecosystem in pretty bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just a matter of what characteristics of the ecosystem you value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What is the value of native fish in that ecosystem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The ones that people value the most are the salmon, of course; there are four runs of salmon. And there are steelhead, and those fish all have commercial and sport value. Then we have two species of sturgeon, which also have sport value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things our society has done is decide the highest priority for management are endangered species. We have seven endangered fish species in the delta, which take the priority for management. As a society, in a sense, we have made a decision that these native fishes that are in real trouble are what we value most in the system. Even though the ecosystem itself is not doing very well in terms of supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Does it make sense to manage the ecosystem for the protection of endangered species?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It makes sense from the point of view of the Endangered Species Act, but it’s not managing it as an ecosystem. If you focus on just those species you lose track of the bigger picture. If I had my druthers it would be to manage the system for broader ecosystem values that include nonlisted species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta today is what’s called a novel ecosystem: It’s an ecosystem unlike any that has ever existed before. It’s permanently altered by humans and it continues to be altered. It has a mixture of native and non-native species, not only fish but invertebrates, plants, everything out there is a mixture of species from all over the world and they’re all interacting and creating this new ecosystem. There is so much unpredictability about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: How do we go about taking a more holistic management perspective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: My own current thinking is that you have to look at it as not one place, but several places. Specifically, for the native fishes, for salmon and smelt and so forth, we should focus our management on them on the arc of habitat that goes from the Yolo Bypass down to the Cache-Lindsey Slough region, which is essentially the north delta, down the Sacramento River and into Suisun Marsh. That is an arc of habitat tied to the Sacramento River that has the highest-quality water and the most water. There are a lot of tidal marshes that can be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a place where you have the greatest opportunity in interlinked regions for native fish restoration. And that’s making the assumption that the native fish and endangered species are what you want to protect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrast to that is over in the south delta, which is the part most influenced by the large export pumps of the Department of Water Resources and the Bureau of Reclamation. That area has just been devastated from a native fish point of view. Instead its value today is for non-native fish, for largemouth bass and similar species. Maybe that is the way you do it – you manage the delta by region rather than thinking of the delta as one ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What can you do to improve habitat in those areas for native fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: A lot of it involves improving flows through the system. It’s also a corridor for all the migratory fish – the sturgeon, the salmon, the steelhead, they are all migratory. They go up as adults, come down as juveniles. You have to keep water moving through it and that is really the key – you have to manage this area as an estuary. You have to manage the outflows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You either have to reduce the amount of exports substantially or you have to do something like Gov. Brown’s tunnel project or something simpler than what he is proposing, because the present way water is diverted through the system makes it very difficult to maintain it as an estuary. The pull from the pumps changes the whole way the system operates and it makes it very confusing for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: There seems to be a shift toward understanding the importance of floodplains for fisheries.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: There is a growing realization that salmon, especially chinook salmon, were historically floodplain-dependent – no one seemed to recognize that until quite recently because hatcheries basically replaced floodplains for the rearing of salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work started with \u003ca href=\"http://cmsi.ucdavis.edu/events/salmon_symposium_speaker_bios/sommer_ted.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ted Sommer\u003c/a>, one of my graduate students about 20 years ago. They started looking at salmon on the Yolo Bypass and realized that if the Yolo Bypass is flooded and you’re a baby salmon out there, you would grow three or four times bigger than you would if you were staying in the river. It’s a little bit warmer and there is just lots of food out there. The floodplains are really productive places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think about how we can use floodplains to really grow salmon, the first thing you start noticing is that 95 percent of our natural floodplains are gone, but in the Sacramento Valley, they have been pretty much replaced by rice farming. Rice farmers have been very successful at making rice paddies great places to feed ducks and migratory waterfowl, so the question is in the winter, when they are not growing rice, can you also make them good places for salmon? It turns out you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Some people have suggested trying to lower the number of predator fish such as striped bass, in order to protect endangered species. What has your research found about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The delta is so complicated, there are so many things going on, but it’s pretty clear that the thing that is driving the basic changes in the delta ecosystem, that has happened since the 1970s, is the water being exported from the south delta as well as the total reduction in inflow. Some water is also exported outside the delta, too – there is a lot of water that never gets there. But the bottom line is that it just doesn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re a water manager you’re always looking around for something else to blame and the striped bass are an easy target. It’s a non-native fish, it’s a voracious predator – it has a high metabolic rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were lawsuits suing the Department of Fish and Wildlife to take all regulations off striped bass with the idea that if you took away all the fishing regulations on striped bass you could fish it down and there would be fewer predators in the system and therefore there would be more salmon and delta smelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasoning behind that is wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So the science that you found doesn’t support that theory?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: No it doesn’t and, in fact, one of the things I always tell people is that if you’re looking at this from an ecosystem point of view, you have to recognize that striped bass are not specialized on feeding on endangered fish, because endangered fish are too rare to support a predator. What they are specializing on are all the other fish out there and it’s quite likely that the striped bass are suppressing populations of other predators that could feed on the eggs and larvae of delta smelt, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any time you mess with an ecosystem and remove one predator, it’s going to be a response in the system and it may or may not be a response that you like. In the case of striped bass, there are so many other predators out there that, if striped bass are diminished, the others will just go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: One of the biggest critiques of the way the delta is managed now is that pumping is being curtailed to keep more water in the system for endangered fish, but the fish populations are still plummeting. So more water isn’t helping. Is that how you see it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It’s an oversimplification, but it’s the result of the pickle they’ve got themselves in by not doing things right to begin with. You divert so much water now that it is hard for the fish to recover. There is a big shift in the delta ecosystem, especially the south and central delta; in the 1970s and 1980s the amount of water flowing through the delta was really diminished very quickly as the amount of exports rose steadily through that whole period and the ecosystem changed in response to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now we have all these endangered species out there that were really caused, in part (there are lots of things going on), by changes in the way water is moving through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Limiting exports] results in some really substantial losses of water to farms south of the delta as a result of orders that come from the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service. But they are doing it because they have only a few of these fish left and if they get entrained in the pumps, it’s a dead fish and a violation of the Endangered Species Act. So they don’t really have much choice but to shut down the pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a classic case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"start\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/about/\">Water Deeply\u003c/a> is\u003c/span> an independent digital media project dedicated to covering California’s water crisis. The project is part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsdeeply.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News Deeply\u003c/a>, a new media startup and social enterprise based in New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Native fish populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta are critical. Peter Moyle, associate director of the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis, has some ideas on what we can do differently.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704930112,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":41,"wordCount":1995},"headData":{"title":"How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish? | KQED","description":"Native fish populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta are critical. Peter Moyle, associate director of the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis, has some ideas on what we can do differently.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Do We Sustainably Manage the Delta’s Fish?","datePublished":"2016-06-01T17:43:27.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:41:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Water Deeply","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Tara Lohan\u003c/br>Water Deeply","path":"/science/742440/how-do-we-sustainably-manage-the-deltas-fish","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s no secret that the ecosystem of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is in rough shape, by many metrics. One of the most talked about, and controversial, subjects is the state of the delta’s native fish populations, including endangered salmon runs and delta smelt. Management to protect critical fish populations has meant curbing water exports from the delta, which support farms and cities farther south and west – a policy unpopular with many water users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But is there a better way to do things?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fisheries expert \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/people/peter-b-moyle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Peter Moyle\u003c/a>, a distinguished professor emeritus in the Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California, Davis\u003c/a>, has some ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle has spent decades studying the ecosystem, gathering data from Suisun Marsh that goes back to 1979 and authoring (or coauthoring) more than 225 publications including the books “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520227545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Inland Fishes of California\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520276086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Suisun Marsh: Ecological History and Possible Futures\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_742447\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-742447\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg\" alt=\"A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \" width=\"384\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/06/DeltaSmelt-400x338.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Delta smelt caught during an annual fish survey. Biologists warn the fish is close to extinction. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moyle spoke recently with Water Deeply about key problems in the delta, ideas for better management and the how native fish populations can be restored through habitat changes in key areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: When it comes to the delta, we hear a lot about a few endangered species, but how is the delta ecosystem doing as a whole?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Moyle: It’s not an easy question to answer. It’s actually a healthy ecosystem. But it has a lot of undesirable characteristics and by that I mean it’s not a very good place for native fish, like salmon and smelt. But it’s a great place for some of these non-native fish like largemouth bass. It depends on your point of view. If you’re a bass fisherman, the delta is great. If you’re interested in trying to keep native fish species going, like the delta smelt, it’s an ecosystem in pretty bad shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s just a matter of what characteristics of the ecosystem you value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What is the value of native fish in that ecosystem?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The ones that people value the most are the salmon, of course; there are four runs of salmon. And there are steelhead, and those fish all have commercial and sport value. Then we have two species of sturgeon, which also have sport value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things our society has done is decide the highest priority for management are endangered species. We have seven endangered fish species in the delta, which take the priority for management. As a society, in a sense, we have made a decision that these native fishes that are in real trouble are what we value most in the system. Even though the ecosystem itself is not doing very well in terms of supporting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Does it make sense to manage the ecosystem for the protection of endangered species?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It makes sense from the point of view of the Endangered Species Act, but it’s not managing it as an ecosystem. If you focus on just those species you lose track of the bigger picture. If I had my druthers it would be to manage the system for broader ecosystem values that include nonlisted species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delta today is what’s called a novel ecosystem: It’s an ecosystem unlike any that has ever existed before. It’s permanently altered by humans and it continues to be altered. It has a mixture of native and non-native species, not only fish but invertebrates, plants, everything out there is a mixture of species from all over the world and they’re all interacting and creating this new ecosystem. There is so much unpredictability about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: How do we go about taking a more holistic management perspective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: My own current thinking is that you have to look at it as not one place, but several places. Specifically, for the native fishes, for salmon and smelt and so forth, we should focus our management on them on the arc of habitat that goes from the Yolo Bypass down to the Cache-Lindsey Slough region, which is essentially the north delta, down the Sacramento River and into Suisun Marsh. That is an arc of habitat tied to the Sacramento River that has the highest-quality water and the most water. There are a lot of tidal marshes that can be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is a place where you have the greatest opportunity in interlinked regions for native fish restoration. And that’s making the assumption that the native fish and endangered species are what you want to protect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrast to that is over in the south delta, which is the part most influenced by the large export pumps of the Department of Water Resources and the Bureau of Reclamation. That area has just been devastated from a native fish point of view. Instead its value today is for non-native fish, for largemouth bass and similar species. Maybe that is the way you do it – you manage the delta by region rather than thinking of the delta as one ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What can you do to improve habitat in those areas for native fish?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: A lot of it involves improving flows through the system. It’s also a corridor for all the migratory fish – the sturgeon, the salmon, the steelhead, they are all migratory. They go up as adults, come down as juveniles. You have to keep water moving through it and that is really the key – you have to manage this area as an estuary. You have to manage the outflows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You either have to reduce the amount of exports substantially or you have to do something like Gov. Brown’s tunnel project or something simpler than what he is proposing, because the present way water is diverted through the system makes it very difficult to maintain it as an estuary. The pull from the pumps changes the whole way the system operates and it makes it very confusing for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: There seems to be a shift toward understanding the importance of floodplains for fisheries.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: There is a growing realization that salmon, especially chinook salmon, were historically floodplain-dependent – no one seemed to recognize that until quite recently because hatcheries basically replaced floodplains for the rearing of salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work started with \u003ca href=\"http://cmsi.ucdavis.edu/events/salmon_symposium_speaker_bios/sommer_ted.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ted Sommer\u003c/a>, one of my graduate students about 20 years ago. They started looking at salmon on the Yolo Bypass and realized that if the Yolo Bypass is flooded and you’re a baby salmon out there, you would grow three or four times bigger than you would if you were staying in the river. It’s a little bit warmer and there is just lots of food out there. The floodplains are really productive places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think about how we can use floodplains to really grow salmon, the first thing you start noticing is that 95 percent of our natural floodplains are gone, but in the Sacramento Valley, they have been pretty much replaced by rice farming. Rice farmers have been very successful at making rice paddies great places to feed ducks and migratory waterfowl, so the question is in the winter, when they are not growing rice, can you also make them good places for salmon? It turns out you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Some people have suggested trying to lower the number of predator fish such as striped bass, in order to protect endangered species. What has your research found about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: The delta is so complicated, there are so many things going on, but it’s pretty clear that the thing that is driving the basic changes in the delta ecosystem, that has happened since the 1970s, is the water being exported from the south delta as well as the total reduction in inflow. Some water is also exported outside the delta, too – there is a lot of water that never gets there. But the bottom line is that it just doesn’t work very well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re a water manager you’re always looking around for something else to blame and the striped bass are an easy target. It’s a non-native fish, it’s a voracious predator – it has a high metabolic rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were lawsuits suing the Department of Fish and Wildlife to take all regulations off striped bass with the idea that if you took away all the fishing regulations on striped bass you could fish it down and there would be fewer predators in the system and therefore there would be more salmon and delta smelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasoning behind that is wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So the science that you found doesn’t support that theory?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: No it doesn’t and, in fact, one of the things I always tell people is that if you’re looking at this from an ecosystem point of view, you have to recognize that striped bass are not specialized on feeding on endangered fish, because endangered fish are too rare to support a predator. What they are specializing on are all the other fish out there and it’s quite likely that the striped bass are suppressing populations of other predators that could feed on the eggs and larvae of delta smelt, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any time you mess with an ecosystem and remove one predator, it’s going to be a response in the system and it may or may not be a response that you like. In the case of striped bass, there are so many other predators out there that, if striped bass are diminished, the others will just go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: One of the biggest critiques of the way the delta is managed now is that pumping is being curtailed to keep more water in the system for endangered fish, but the fish populations are still plummeting. So more water isn’t helping. Is that how you see it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moyle: It’s an oversimplification, but it’s the result of the pickle they’ve got themselves in by not doing things right to begin with. You divert so much water now that it is hard for the fish to recover. There is a big shift in the delta ecosystem, especially the south and central delta; in the 1970s and 1980s the amount of water flowing through the delta was really diminished very quickly as the amount of exports rose steadily through that whole period and the ecosystem changed in response to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now we have all these endangered species out there that were really caused, in part (there are lots of things going on), by changes in the way water is moving through the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Limiting exports] results in some really substantial losses of water to farms south of the delta as a result of orders that come from the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service. But they are doing it because they have only a few of these fish left and if they get entrained in the pumps, it’s a dead fish and a violation of the Endangered Species Act. So they don’t really have much choice but to shut down the pumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a classic case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"start\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/about/\">Water Deeply\u003c/a> is\u003c/span> an independent digital media project dedicated to covering California’s water crisis. The project is part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.newsdeeply.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News Deeply\u003c/a>, a new media startup and social enterprise based in New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/742440/how-do-we-sustainably-manage-the-deltas-fish","authors":["byline_science_742440"],"categories":["science_40","science_98"],"featImg":"science_742444","label":"source_science_742440"},"news_10927693":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10927693","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10927693","score":null,"sort":[1460587791000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta","title":"Metropolitan Water District's $175 Million Land Deal Raises Alarms in Delta","publishDate":1460587791,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In a multimillion-dollar deal, Southern California’s major water provider is acquiring five tracts of land in the heart of the Sacramento Delta, where the state is proposing to re-engineer water delivery systems. With the land purchase, the Metropolitan Water District is also raising suspicions among its new neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, \u003ca href=\"http://mwdh2o.com/PDF_NewsRoom/Delta_Wetlands.pdf\">is selling Metropolitan about 20,000 acres\u003c/a>, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the tracts are in the path of Gov. Jerry Brown’s $17 billion \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiawaterfix.com/\">California WaterFix\u003c/a>, which would re-plumb the systems connecting Northern California to the thirsty South. The centerpiece of the fix is two tunnels, 50 feet wide, that would act as straws, moving water around and away from the region for the use of thirsty cities and some farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258831710\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now you’re looking at some of the best prime farmland in California,” says Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://restorethedelta.org/\">Restore the Delta\u003c/a>. A fat levee road surrounds Bacon Island’s bowl of land, west of Stockton in San Joaquin County. Farmers grow corn and alfalfa here, in dark rich soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The delta reminds me of Ireland -- you have the similarities between the peat soil, and when it’s green here in the spring it’s just absolutely stunning,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levees have protected the sinking soils of Bacon Island for almost 150 years. Beyond them is some open water and wetland marshes. A western meadowlark calls on a windy day. It’s one of many reasons Barrigan-Parrilla opposes the California WaterFix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the tunnels would come through,” she says. “If the tunnels were built, you’d be looking at piles of muck. Coffer dams. Construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10928606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10928606\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-800x494.jpg\" alt=\"Bacon Island in San Joaquin County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-800x494.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-400x247.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-1180x728.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-960x593.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bacon Island in San Joaquin County. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not just Bacon Island. Barrigan-Parrilla argues the purchase is an existential threat to the delta -- and a grab for the region’s water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"http://mwdh2o.com/\">Metropolitan Water District\u003c/a> is positioning itself so that it can have as much water as it wants to export in a watershed that is actually in decline because of climate change,” she argues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan’s general manager, Jeff Kightlinger, denies this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a water grab there, in the sense of getting more.” In fact, he says, “our water supply depends on a healthy functioning delta ecosystem, and we don’t have that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan is the major financial backer of the California WaterFix. Kightlinger acknowledges that buying the islands could help get those tunnels built, by heading off potential eminent domain fights over access to the route. But he says the purchase wouldn’t dramatically increase the populous South’s rights to Northern California water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually just makes it safer and more effective to move that water,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current landowner Zurich American has sought to use some of the land for water storage and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Metropolitan says it has not finalized plans for the land, Kightlinger says water storage isn’t under consideration. Instead, the district may restore habitat, on the theory that a more healthy delta can more regularly deliver supplies south. Kightlinger calls this “enlightened self-interest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the land could serve as staging areas for the WaterFix, and storage for construction materials. And yes, twin tunnels could wriggle under Bacon and Bouldin Islands. Kightlinger says that’s preferable to an agricultural use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every year there is further farming causing these islands to shrink and subside, and as they subside they become a threat to the entire state of California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta interests rebuke that assertion. And according to Stockton lawyers George V. Hermann and Dante Nomellini, restrictions on land use \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjgov.org/board/Board%20Meetings/Agendas/081313/MG94511/AS94527/AI96736/DO96580/DO_96580.PDF\">in existing covenants\u003c/a> may be able to block Metropolitan’s plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10928612\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10928612\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Central Delta Water Agency's Dante Nomellini says Southern California's water wholesaler, the Metropolitan Water District, goes after water in the Delta the way "a dog...kills chickens."\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-960x642.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Central Delta Water Agency's Dante Nomellini says Southern California's water wholesaler, the Metropolitan Water District, goes after water in the Delta the way \"a dog...kills chickens.\" \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nomellini, who represents neighbors to the island in the Central Delta Water Agency, says Zurich American signed agreements restricting activity on the land back in 2013, including conditions that could keep out the tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes those deals should be honored fully. “What I want is, I want the new buyer to sign our settlement agreement,” Nomellini says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody at Metropolitan has called Hermann or Nomellini to discuss the agreements. Kightlinger says that since Southern California’s land use plans in the delta don’t include reservoirs, the agreements born from a dispute related to reservoirs don’t apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, both men say that on behalf of their clients that they’ll do everything possible to enforce the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"hqSr9Hol6CPvVX3sAAQW5mLG5Jd3QlXg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hermann points out that pumping water to the south over a period of many years has degraded the ecosystem. And Nomellini says he remains suspicious about Kightlinger’s motives. In the delta, opposition to Metropolitan is high and trust in the agency is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I describe them as a dog that kills chickens,” says Nomellini. “They’re real aggressive in the water field, and we in the delta look like chickens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s far from certain the California WaterFix will move forward. Elected officials from Northern California and delta interests continue to protest vehemently. Last month, the State Water Resources Control Board delayed hearings on the project at the request of another state agency, the Department of Water Resources. And federal agencies have demanded more information about the project, including sending environmental documents back for further analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The purchase also remains controversial with Metropolitan’s own members -- two of the largest, Los Angeles and San Diego, opposed the sale, as did Santa Monica. As a result of debate at a meeting in March, Metropolitan’s executive board is slated to revisit the contract later this month, at a special meeting called for April 26.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"'I describe them as a dog that kills chickens. They’re real aggressive in the water field, and we in the delta look like chickens,' says one critic.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1460659350,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1071},"headData":{"title":"Metropolitan Water District's $175 Million Land Deal Raises Alarms in Delta | KQED","description":"'I describe them as a dog that kills chickens. They’re real aggressive in the water field, and we in the delta look like chickens,' says one critic.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Metropolitan Water District's $175 Million Land Deal Raises Alarms in Delta","datePublished":"2016-04-13T22:49:51.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-14T18:42:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10927693 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10927693","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/13/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta/","disqusTitle":"Metropolitan Water District's $175 Million Land Deal Raises Alarms in Delta","path":"/news/10927693/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a multimillion-dollar deal, Southern California’s major water provider is acquiring five tracts of land in the heart of the Sacramento Delta, where the state is proposing to re-engineer water delivery systems. With the land purchase, the Metropolitan Water District is also raising suspicions among its new neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zurich American, a subsidiary of a Swiss insurance company, \u003ca href=\"http://mwdh2o.com/PDF_NewsRoom/Delta_Wetlands.pdf\">is selling Metropolitan about 20,000 acres\u003c/a>, including Bacon Island, Bouldin Island, Webb Tract, most of Holland Tract and a piece of Chipps Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the tracts are in the path of Gov. Jerry Brown’s $17 billion \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiawaterfix.com/\">California WaterFix\u003c/a>, which would re-plumb the systems connecting Northern California to the thirsty South. The centerpiece of the fix is two tunnels, 50 feet wide, that would act as straws, moving water around and away from the region for the use of thirsty cities and some farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258831710&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/258831710'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now you’re looking at some of the best prime farmland in California,” says Barbara Barrigan-Parrilla, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://restorethedelta.org/\">Restore the Delta\u003c/a>. A fat levee road surrounds Bacon Island’s bowl of land, west of Stockton in San Joaquin County. Farmers grow corn and alfalfa here, in dark rich soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The delta reminds me of Ireland -- you have the similarities between the peat soil, and when it’s green here in the spring it’s just absolutely stunning,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levees have protected the sinking soils of Bacon Island for almost 150 years. Beyond them is some open water and wetland marshes. A western meadowlark calls on a windy day. It’s one of many reasons Barrigan-Parrilla opposes the California WaterFix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the tunnels would come through,” she says. “If the tunnels were built, you’d be looking at piles of muck. Coffer dams. Construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10928606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10928606\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-800x494.jpg\" alt=\"Bacon Island in San Joaquin County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-800x494.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-400x247.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-1180x728.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/BaconIsland-960x593.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bacon Island in San Joaquin County. \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not just Bacon Island. Barrigan-Parrilla argues the purchase is an existential threat to the delta -- and a grab for the region’s water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"http://mwdh2o.com/\">Metropolitan Water District\u003c/a> is positioning itself so that it can have as much water as it wants to export in a watershed that is actually in decline because of climate change,” she argues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan’s general manager, Jeff Kightlinger, denies this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a water grab there, in the sense of getting more.” In fact, he says, “our water supply depends on a healthy functioning delta ecosystem, and we don’t have that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Metropolitan is the major financial backer of the California WaterFix. Kightlinger acknowledges that buying the islands could help get those tunnels built, by heading off potential eminent domain fights over access to the route. But he says the purchase wouldn’t dramatically increase the populous South’s rights to Northern California water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It actually just makes it safer and more effective to move that water,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current landowner Zurich American has sought to use some of the land for water storage and marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Metropolitan says it has not finalized plans for the land, Kightlinger says water storage isn’t under consideration. Instead, the district may restore habitat, on the theory that a more healthy delta can more regularly deliver supplies south. Kightlinger calls this “enlightened self-interest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the land could serve as staging areas for the WaterFix, and storage for construction materials. And yes, twin tunnels could wriggle under Bacon and Bouldin Islands. Kightlinger says that’s preferable to an agricultural use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every year there is further farming causing these islands to shrink and subside, and as they subside they become a threat to the entire state of California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta interests rebuke that assertion. And according to Stockton lawyers George V. Hermann and Dante Nomellini, restrictions on land use \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjgov.org/board/Board%20Meetings/Agendas/081313/MG94511/AS94527/AI96736/DO96580/DO_96580.PDF\">in existing covenants\u003c/a> may be able to block Metropolitan’s plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10928612\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10928612\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"The Central Delta Water Agency's Dante Nomellini says Southern California's water wholesaler, the Metropolitan Water District, goes after water in the Delta the way "a dog...kills chickens."\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/Dante-960x642.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Central Delta Water Agency's Dante Nomellini says Southern California's water wholesaler, the Metropolitan Water District, goes after water in the Delta the way \"a dog...kills chickens.\" \u003ccite>(Molly Peterson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nomellini, who represents neighbors to the island in the Central Delta Water Agency, says Zurich American signed agreements restricting activity on the land back in 2013, including conditions that could keep out the tunnels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He believes those deals should be honored fully. “What I want is, I want the new buyer to sign our settlement agreement,” Nomellini says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody at Metropolitan has called Hermann or Nomellini to discuss the agreements. Kightlinger says that since Southern California’s land use plans in the delta don’t include reservoirs, the agreements born from a dispute related to reservoirs don’t apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, both men say that on behalf of their clients that they’ll do everything possible to enforce the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hermann points out that pumping water to the south over a period of many years has degraded the ecosystem. And Nomellini says he remains suspicious about Kightlinger’s motives. In the delta, opposition to Metropolitan is high and trust in the agency is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I describe them as a dog that kills chickens,” says Nomellini. “They’re real aggressive in the water field, and we in the delta look like chickens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s far from certain the California WaterFix will move forward. Elected officials from Northern California and delta interests continue to protest vehemently. Last month, the State Water Resources Control Board delayed hearings on the project at the request of another state agency, the Department of Water Resources. And federal agencies have demanded more information about the project, including sending environmental documents back for further analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The purchase also remains controversial with Metropolitan’s own members -- two of the largest, Los Angeles and San Diego, opposed the sale, as did Santa Monica. As a result of debate at a meeting in March, Metropolitan’s executive board is slated to revisit the contract later this month, at a special meeting called for April 26.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10927693/metropolitan-water-districts-175-million-land-deal-raises-alarms-in-delta","authors":["11223"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_19906","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_18863","news_18864","news_17286","news_17041","news_483"],"featImg":"news_10928442","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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