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Scott talks with KQED transportation editor Dan Brekke and CalMatters reporter Yousef Baig about the impact of the high-speed rail project in the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11974239/some-rare-good-news-about-californias-high-speed-rail","authors":["255"],"programs":["news_33544"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_20290","news_311","news_22235"],"featImg":"news_11918840","label":"source_news_11974239"},"news_11972952":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11972952","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11972952","score":null,"sort":[1705684885000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"meet-the-brain-surgeon-who-once-picked-tomatoes-on-california-farms","title":"Meet the Brain Surgeon Who Once Picked Tomatoes on California Farms","publishDate":1705684885,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Meet the Brain Surgeon Who Once Picked Tomatoes on California Farms | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.doctorqmd.com/\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa\u003c/a> operates, his patients are not asleep. They’re alert, and their eyes are wide open, which reduces the risk of damaging a critical area of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every patient always told me, ‘There is no possible way that I can have my surgery awake,’” Quiñones said. “And I say, ‘You’ll find the strength. We all have a strength within us to overcome the most adverse situations.’”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, department chair of neurologic surgery, Mayo Clinic\"]‘I say [to my patients], ‘You’ll find the strength. We all have a strength within us to overcome the most adverse situations.”[/pullquote]His own story is a testament to that advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Quiñones is fondly nicknamed “Dr. Q” by his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic in Florida, where he is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/biographies/quinones-hinojosa-alfredo-m-d/bio-20238939\">chair of the Department of Neurologic Surgery\u003c/a> for the East Coast branch of the clinic. But as a teenage farmworker, his friends called him Freddy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He grew up in a tiny house with dirt floors in a small village on the outskirts of Mexicali, directly across from Calexico, California. His parents were farmworkers and were teenagers when he was born in 1968, the first of six children. The family did not have enough to eat, but Quiñones said their home was still filled with love, laughter and the rhythm of mariachi music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But there were some difficult times,” Quiñones said. “When I was about 3 years old, my little sister died. She developed a GI [gastrointestinal] bug and developed diarrhea. She got dehydrated. We have no access to medical care. We never made it on time for the doctors to be able to care for her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister Maricela was 6 months old when she died. The loss left an indelible mark on Quiñones, shaping his future path toward health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The California dream\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But at first, Quiñones was just desperate to earn money to help his struggling family. He was inspired to come to the U.S. after hearing stories from his mother’s uncles, who had been part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/what-we-do/research-tools/the-bracero-program/\">Bracero program\u003c/a>, which allowed farmers in the western United States to recruit and employ workers from Mexico in the 1940s, ’50s, and ’60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quiñones vividly recalled the first time he tried to cross the border near Calexico in 1983. Back then, the wall was a simple chain-link fence topped with rounds of barbed wire, nothing like today’s militarized border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973067\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1803px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973067\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four.jpg\" alt=\"A black and white photo of a 5-year-old boy in front of an old Pepsi logo. The boy stands with a big smile and his hands on his hips.\" width=\"1803\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four.jpg 1803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-800x756.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-1020x963.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-1536x1451.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1803px) 100vw, 1803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa at age 4. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 15-year-old Quiñones successfully jumped the barrier, only to be caught a few minutes later by Border Patrol agents. He was detained overnight, but they released him back to Mexico the next day. He didn’t give up. A few nights later, he successfully crossed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was a little tiger,” Quiñones said. “I just hopped the fence and got in the back of a tarp-covered pickup truck. I figured out the way. I went to the San Joaquin Valley. I begged one of my uncles, who was working a farm, to give me a job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He returned to Mexico that summer with $700 in his pocket. And so began his annual migration between Mexico and California to work in the fields.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, department chair of neurologic surgery, Mayo Clinic\"]‘I was a little tiger. I just hopped the fence and got in the back of a tarp-covered pickup truck. I figured out the way.’[/pullquote]During the school year, he thrived at the local public school in Mexico. He eventually graduated with a teaching license from a community college at the age of 18. Each summer, he would return to California, where his farming skills grew from pulling weeds to driving tractors and harvesters. But he despised the layer of dirt that coated his body at the end of each day, and he felt invisible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 19, Quiñones made the final jump, leaving Mexico with $63. By the time he made it to Los Angeles, he was left with just three single-dollar bills. He hitchhiked to a farm near Fresno, hoping it would be the last time he picked tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time, my cousin was working with me, and I told him I wanted to go to school and learn English,” recalled Quiñones. “And he said to me, ‘You’re never going to do it. This is it. All of us have come to this country to work in the fields. This is your future.’ I felt as if someone put a dagger in my heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Quiñones did not give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He landed a job as a welder for a railroad company and signed up for English language classes at night at San Joaquin Delta College. Before long, he was tutoring other students in statistics, and he joined the debate team with an eye toward improving his command of English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973068\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2.png\" alt=\"A black and white photo of a surgeon in surgeon's scrubs is seen operating with a team behind him watching his work.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"782\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2.png 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-800x489.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-1020x623.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-160x98.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa in the operating room in Florida. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The ’80s brought \u003ca href=\"https://immigrationhistory.org/item/1986-immigration-reform-and-control-act/\">new legislation\u003c/a> allowing undocumented workers to apply for legal status, and Quiñones was eventually able to get a green card. He acknowledged that legalizing his status as easily as he did is nearly impossible for undocumented migrants from Mexico today. But for him, getting status opened up a whole new world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quiñones earned a partial scholarship to UC Berkeley. He was brainy because he paid his rent by tutoring students in organic chemistry, physics, and calculus. But Quiñones is very understated — when he talks about it today, it sounds like graduating from UC Berkeley with high honors was a breeze.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"April Sabangan, CEO, Mission: BRAIN\"]‘Quiñones is a force of nature whether it’s in the world of neurosurgery or greater society. … I am struck by his ability to connect with people, to truly care about them on a personal level.’[/pullquote]“I had no idea that I was going to go to medical school,” Quiñones said. “But I look back at my past with my grandmother, Nana Maria. She was a Mexican curandera, a town healer and a midwife. And I said, ‘I want to be able to help people the way my grandmother did.’ And someone said, ‘Well, what about medical school?’ And I said, ‘What about it?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He landed a coveted spot at Harvard Medical School. He gave the commencement speech at graduation (class of 1999). He was on a path he had never imagined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students, professors and even close friends tried to deter him from focusing on the elite field of neurosurgery. They tried to push him toward primary care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, his cutting-edge research focuses on brain tumors. His team at the Mayo Clinic is dedicated to finding a cure for cancer. He’s also passionate about bringing healthcare to low-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why he cofounded \u003ca href=\"https://www.missionbrain.org/\">Mission: BRAIN (Bridging Resources and Advancing International Neurosurgery)\u003c/a>. The nonprofit provides neurosurgical expertise and resources to patients in countries all over the world, including Mexico, the Philippines and Peru.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Quiñones is a force of nature whether it’s in the world of neurosurgery or greater society,” said April Sabangan, CEO of Mission: BRAIN. “As someone who has known him since he was a resident, I am struck by his ability to connect with people, to truly care about them on a personal level. He cares enough to remember the little details that make an individual distinctive, whether it’s the chairman of a department or the hospital orderly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From the fields to the operating room\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Quiñones reflects on his past and the influences that shaped his journey, he credits his success to his simple upbringing and his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They grew up teaching us the value of being honest, of hard work, of giving, of always recognizing that no matter how difficult we may have it, there are other people who have it even more challenging,” he said.[aside postID=news_11967317 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231101-MusicTherapyHMBFarmworkers-47-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']He does have some regrets, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have been very, very successful as a brain surgeon,” Quiñones said. “But where I have failed the most is as a husband, as a father, as a brother, and as a son. Now, I’m beginning to reflect more on all the sacrifices that my family made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knows he wouldn’t be where he is today without the support of his uncles back in the fields, the many mentors who believed in him, and his wife — who, he said, primarily raised their three children. Today, he is trying to be a better husband and offer his kids useful advice about what matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Find joy in helping other people,” Quiñones said. “Enjoy those little things that life gives you — friendship, family and time with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, widely known as 'Dr. Q,' started life working in tomato fields in the Central Valley. Today, he's a prominent neurosurgeon leading the Mayo Clinic.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705692528,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1632},"headData":{"title":"Meet the Brain Surgeon Who Once Picked Tomatoes on California Farms | KQED","description":"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, widely known as 'Dr. Q,' started life working in tomato fields in the Central Valley. Today, he's a prominent neurosurgeon leading the Mayo Clinic.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/99bbc088-1199-4446-9340-b0fa001b1625/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11972952/meet-the-brain-surgeon-who-once-picked-tomatoes-on-california-farms","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.doctorqmd.com/\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa\u003c/a> operates, his patients are not asleep. They’re alert, and their eyes are wide open, which reduces the risk of damaging a critical area of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every patient always told me, ‘There is no possible way that I can have my surgery awake,’” Quiñones said. “And I say, ‘You’ll find the strength. We all have a strength within us to overcome the most adverse situations.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I say [to my patients], ‘You’ll find the strength. We all have a strength within us to overcome the most adverse situations.”","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, department chair of neurologic surgery, Mayo Clinic","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>His own story is a testament to that advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Quiñones is fondly nicknamed “Dr. Q” by his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic in Florida, where he is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinic.org/biographies/quinones-hinojosa-alfredo-m-d/bio-20238939\">chair of the Department of Neurologic Surgery\u003c/a> for the East Coast branch of the clinic. But as a teenage farmworker, his friends called him Freddy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He grew up in a tiny house with dirt floors in a small village on the outskirts of Mexicali, directly across from Calexico, California. His parents were farmworkers and were teenagers when he was born in 1968, the first of six children. The family did not have enough to eat, but Quiñones said their home was still filled with love, laughter and the rhythm of mariachi music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But there were some difficult times,” Quiñones said. “When I was about 3 years old, my little sister died. She developed a GI [gastrointestinal] bug and developed diarrhea. She got dehydrated. We have no access to medical care. We never made it on time for the doctors to be able to care for her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sister Maricela was 6 months old when she died. The loss left an indelible mark on Quiñones, shaping his future path toward health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The California dream\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But at first, Quiñones was just desperate to earn money to help his struggling family. He was inspired to come to the U.S. after hearing stories from his mother’s uncles, who had been part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.labor.ucla.edu/what-we-do/research-tools/the-bracero-program/\">Bracero program\u003c/a>, which allowed farmers in the western United States to recruit and employ workers from Mexico in the 1940s, ’50s, and ’60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quiñones vividly recalled the first time he tried to cross the border near Calexico in 1983. Back then, the wall was a simple chain-link fence topped with rounds of barbed wire, nothing like today’s militarized border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973067\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1803px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973067\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four.jpg\" alt=\"A black and white photo of a 5-year-old boy in front of an old Pepsi logo. The boy stands with a big smile and his hands on his hips.\" width=\"1803\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four.jpg 1803w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-800x756.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-1020x963.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/me-at-age-four-1536x1451.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1803px) 100vw, 1803px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa at age 4. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A 15-year-old Quiñones successfully jumped the barrier, only to be caught a few minutes later by Border Patrol agents. He was detained overnight, but they released him back to Mexico the next day. He didn’t give up. A few nights later, he successfully crossed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was a little tiger,” Quiñones said. “I just hopped the fence and got in the back of a tarp-covered pickup truck. I figured out the way. I went to the San Joaquin Valley. I begged one of my uncles, who was working a farm, to give me a job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He returned to Mexico that summer with $700 in his pocket. And so began his annual migration between Mexico and California to work in the fields.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I was a little tiger. I just hopped the fence and got in the back of a tarp-covered pickup truck. I figured out the way.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, department chair of neurologic surgery, Mayo Clinic","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>During the school year, he thrived at the local public school in Mexico. He eventually graduated with a teaching license from a community college at the age of 18. Each summer, he would return to California, where his farming skills grew from pulling weeds to driving tractors and harvesters. But he despised the layer of dirt that coated his body at the end of each day, and he felt invisible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 19, Quiñones made the final jump, leaving Mexico with $63. By the time he made it to Los Angeles, he was left with just three single-dollar bills. He hitchhiked to a farm near Fresno, hoping it would be the last time he picked tomatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time, my cousin was working with me, and I told him I wanted to go to school and learn English,” recalled Quiñones. “And he said to me, ‘You’re never going to do it. This is it. All of us have come to this country to work in the fields. This is your future.’ I felt as if someone put a dagger in my heart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Quiñones did not give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He landed a job as a welder for a railroad company and signed up for English language classes at night at San Joaquin Delta College. Before long, he was tutoring other students in statistics, and he joined the debate team with an eye toward improving his command of English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973068\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2.png\" alt=\"A black and white photo of a surgeon in surgeon's scrubs is seen operating with a team behind him watching his work.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"782\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2.png 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-800x489.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-1020x623.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/Picture2-160x98.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa in the operating room in Florida. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Dr. Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The ’80s brought \u003ca href=\"https://immigrationhistory.org/item/1986-immigration-reform-and-control-act/\">new legislation\u003c/a> allowing undocumented workers to apply for legal status, and Quiñones was eventually able to get a green card. He acknowledged that legalizing his status as easily as he did is nearly impossible for undocumented migrants from Mexico today. But for him, getting status opened up a whole new world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Quiñones earned a partial scholarship to UC Berkeley. He was brainy because he paid his rent by tutoring students in organic chemistry, physics, and calculus. But Quiñones is very understated — when he talks about it today, it sounds like graduating from UC Berkeley with high honors was a breeze.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Quiñones is a force of nature whether it’s in the world of neurosurgery or greater society. … I am struck by his ability to connect with people, to truly care about them on a personal level.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"April Sabangan, CEO, Mission: BRAIN","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I had no idea that I was going to go to medical school,” Quiñones said. “But I look back at my past with my grandmother, Nana Maria. She was a Mexican curandera, a town healer and a midwife. And I said, ‘I want to be able to help people the way my grandmother did.’ And someone said, ‘Well, what about medical school?’ And I said, ‘What about it?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He landed a coveted spot at Harvard Medical School. He gave the commencement speech at graduation (class of 1999). He was on a path he had never imagined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other students, professors and even close friends tried to deter him from focusing on the elite field of neurosurgery. They tried to push him toward primary care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, his cutting-edge research focuses on brain tumors. His team at the Mayo Clinic is dedicated to finding a cure for cancer. He’s also passionate about bringing healthcare to low-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why he cofounded \u003ca href=\"https://www.missionbrain.org/\">Mission: BRAIN (Bridging Resources and Advancing International Neurosurgery)\u003c/a>. The nonprofit provides neurosurgical expertise and resources to patients in countries all over the world, including Mexico, the Philippines and Peru.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Quiñones is a force of nature whether it’s in the world of neurosurgery or greater society,” said April Sabangan, CEO of Mission: BRAIN. “As someone who has known him since he was a resident, I am struck by his ability to connect with people, to truly care about them on a personal level. He cares enough to remember the little details that make an individual distinctive, whether it’s the chairman of a department or the hospital orderly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From the fields to the operating room\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Quiñones reflects on his past and the influences that shaped his journey, he credits his success to his simple upbringing and his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They grew up teaching us the value of being honest, of hard work, of giving, of always recognizing that no matter how difficult we may have it, there are other people who have it even more challenging,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11967317","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231101-MusicTherapyHMBFarmworkers-47-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He does have some regrets, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have been very, very successful as a brain surgeon,” Quiñones said. “But where I have failed the most is as a husband, as a father, as a brother, and as a son. Now, I’m beginning to reflect more on all the sacrifices that my family made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knows he wouldn’t be where he is today without the support of his uncles back in the fields, the many mentors who believed in him, and his wife — who, he said, primarily raised their three children. Today, he is trying to be a better husband and offer his kids useful advice about what matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Find joy in helping other people,” Quiñones said. “Enjoy those little things that life gives you — friendship, family and time with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11972952/meet-the-brain-surgeon-who-once-picked-tomatoes-on-california-farms","authors":["11229"],"programs":["news_26731"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_311","news_26800","news_27626","news_22608","news_29463","news_312"],"featImg":"news_11973066","label":"news_26731"},"news_11966862":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11966862","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11966862","score":null,"sort":[1699876819000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","title":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change","publishDate":1699876819,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A rural community on the banks of the San Joaquin River was spared from flooding during last winter’s powerful storms after hundreds of acres of former farmland were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965257/california-looks-to-restore-floodplains-to-protect-communities-from-impacts-of-climate-change\">restored to their natural state as floodplains\u003c/a>, giving the rising water a place to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant family in the Central Valley city of Tulare got relief from 100-degree heat and sky-high energy bills with insulation and energy retrofits installed under a state program to weatherize the homes of low-income farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small town mayor in a region with some of the most polluted air in the nation launched a free rideshare program with a fleet of electric vehicles — the first step in his goal of creating hundreds of green jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are a few of the climate resilience strategies emerging in hard-hit agricultural communities in California’s Central Valley, supported by state and federal funds that could enable local initiatives to scale up. But the very places that need help the most may have the hardest time accessing the funding available, \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/aYv2COYZQzi2BvYEskPu2V?domain=next10.org\">research shows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of San Joaquin Valley face a barrage of challenges as the planet warms and weather patterns shift, often with catastrophic results. Land development has been engineered over decades to maximize agricultural productivity, with little attention to environmental resilience. And low-income immigrant workers, who are the backbone of this economy, are on the front lines, living in communities that lack resources and critical infrastructure to cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer temperatures throughout the valley routinely spike into triple digits, making outdoor work dangerous and shoddily built homes stifling. Wildfires repeatedly blanket the region with smoke, exacerbating the air pollution that leads to the state’s worst rates of asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966814\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A dry field with an irrigation channel alongside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An irrigation channel carries water to new plantings in the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. The restoration work was conducted by the nonprofit River Partners to allow the fast-moving river to spread out over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force and preventing catastrophic flooding. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Violent floods wash away homes and livelihoods in communities with neglected levees and insufficient storm drains. And recurring drought contributes to the fact that most of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-118/index.html\">nearly 1 million Californians who lack access to safe drinking water\u003c/a> live in the Central Valley. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist, Union of Concerned Scientists\"]‘The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another.’[/pullquote]“The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another,” said Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists. “All these things start interconnecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz-Partida said policymakers must listen to those who live with these impacts daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be some top-down solutions, but also some bottom-up solutions,” he said. “How can we start that process of equitable transition to cleaner energies? … How can we start bringing a new, more sustainable vision of agriculture in the San Joaquin Valley?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Left behind in the clean energy transition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has established itself as a national leader in climate policy. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/bio/merrian-borgeson/ca-climate-energy-policy-update-summer-2023\">Natural Resources Defense Council estimates\u003c/a> the state has committed to spend more than $52 billion over the next several years to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents\">transition off fossil fuels\u003c/a> and tackle the effects of climate change. That’s in addition to the hundreds of millions of dollars from President Joe Biden’s Infrastructure Act and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/California.pdf\">Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> that will soon flow to the state to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet low-income immigrant communities in rural areas that are among the most impacted have not always seen the benefit — and could be at risk of losing out again. [aside postID=news_11943590 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMatters_01-1020x680.jpg'] A \u003ca href=\"https://www.next10.org/publications/local-climate\">new report\u003c/a> from UC Berkeley’s Center for Law, Energy, & the Environment, and two nonprofits — the Institute for Local Government and Next 10 — found that many California municipalities, especially smaller ones, need to staff up and develop detailed climate action plans if they want a shot at competitive grants for the unprecedented funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the state faces worsening impacts from climate change, local governments are the front-line defense for our communities,” said F. Noel Perry, founder of Next 10. “We need to identify the barriers cities and counties face so we can take full advantage of the historic federal and state funding available to better protect ourselves now and in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anna Caballero represents some of the San Joaquin Valley’s poorest places and said climate policies don’t work if they only benefit wealthier residents of coastal cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s seen plenty of well-intentioned climate programs miss the mark for her Central Valley constituents. One example is rebates for purchasing electric cars and solar panels, which require paying the full price upfront and getting the discount later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The urgency of getting this right and including rural communities in our discussion about climate change is that we’re going to end up with two separate worlds,” she said. “If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you. There’s no job. There’s no way to pay your bills. And your community has no way of sustaining itself.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"State Sen. Anna Caballero\"]‘If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you.’[/pullquote]The region’s economy is dominated by agriculture and fossil fuel extraction industries, whose leaders trend Republican and have often resisted Democratic moves to slash carbon emissions and protect water and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, 55% of the San Joaquin Valley’s 4.3 million residents live in disadvantaged communities, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> for the region. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS%20Research%20Report%2015.pdf\">Among California farmworkers, 9 in 10 are immigrants\u003c/a>, and 8 in 10 are not citizens. Though their labor is essential, and many have lived here for decades, they can’t vote, so their voices and experiences aren’t always represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Caballero, a Democrat, and many other lawmakers and advocates have been pushing for equitable solutions, and some are beginning to bear fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The river is their backyard’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The unincorporated community of Grayson, on the west bank of the San Joaquin River, is just five-by-six blocks. The only business, The One-Stop, is a gas station, convenience store, lunch counter and laundromat rolled into one. Residents rely on wells for drinking water that are often contaminated with agricultural chemicals from surrounding fields. Flooding has long been a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lilia Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, pointed out some older homes on Charles Street, where the water rose ominously as rain pounded the region last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a dry field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lilia Lomelí-Gil walks along the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near her home in Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, said the natural floodplain protected Grayson from flooding last winter and creates a place where community residents can get closer to nature. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The river is their backyard,” she said. “The lady that lives right there in that little house was at risk of getting flooded. It did go up to their yard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomelí-Gil, 71, knows that risk firsthand. Back in 1997, she was living in nearby Modesto when \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXEza6kPyFk\">a massive flood hit on New Year’s Day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lost my home,” she said. “Because the waters came in 4-feet high. And since we were downriver from the sewage plant, of course, it was all contaminated waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She salvaged what she could and moved back to Grayson, where she’d grown up the daughter of farmworkers from Mexico. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lilia Lomelí-Gil, co-founder, Grayson United Community Center\"]‘Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health. I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.’[/pullquote]During last winter’s storms, levees failed and catastrophic floods devastated other farmworker communities, like Pajaro and Planada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Grayson, the San Joaquin River surged, but the outcome was very different: the town did not flood. One reason? A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/28/1178441292/flood-protection-california\">recent floodplain restoration project\u003c/a> allowed the fast-moving river to spread over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work was done by \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org\">River Partners\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that restores riverside habitats around California. The group purchased unused farmland abutting the river, then removed the earthen berms holding the water in its channel. Dozens of people from the local community, including Lomelí-Gil, got involved in planting native tree saplings and grasses to restore wildlife habitat in the new floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekday, Lomelí-Gil tramped down an abandoned road at the end of Minnie Street to show off the plantings. Once the work is complete, she said, she’s looking forward to taking kids and seniors from the community center out to walk along trails by the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health,” she said, stopping to listen to the sound of the birds and the babbling water. “I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing levees to allow floods to flow across fallow farmland is a low-tech solution with significant payoffs, River Partners executive director Julie Rentner said. It not only reduces flood risk and expands wildlife habitat and space for recreation, but it refills underground aquifers that have been depleted by decades of over-pumping — and that should lead to cleaner drinking water for Lomelí-Gil and her neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar projects will soon break ground. In the wake of last winter’s storms, state lawmakers budgeted nearly half a billion dollars to shore up levees and rebuild damaged communities. Tucked in there was $40 million for River Partners to restore natural floodplains on 2,500 more acres elsewhere along the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That money is only a downpayment on what’s ultimately needed, Rentner said, but it’s an important step that could be a game-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thinking more holistically about how we manage our water and our soil and our communities,” she said. ”So that we can find solutions to climate resilience that benefit us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Weatherization on steroids’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is another consequence of climate change hitting the San Joaquin Valley hard. Scientists calculate that annual average maximum \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">temperatures increased by 1F from 1950 to 2020\u003c/a>. In 2021, Fresno experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/media/hnx/SEPTEMBER%202021%20WEATHER%20SUMMARY.pdf\">a record 69 straight days with temperatures over 100F\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the little city of Tulare, nearly three hours south of Grayson, Arturo Yañez, 55, unloads crates of kiwis and pomegranates. He said in the three decades he’s lived in the valley, he’s felt it get a little hotter each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966816\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap looks at photos on a shelf inside a home.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arturo Yañez looks at family photos at his home in Tulare on Aug. 31. He received home weatherization and solar panels through a state program for green energy retrofits for farmworkers’ households. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This year, too, it was extremely hot,” he said in Spanish. “To work in these temperatures is tough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help mitigate the heat, California uses funds from the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/california-climate-investments\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to weatherize homes of low-income families, with some of that money \u003ca href=\"https://www.csd.ca.gov/Pages/Farmworker-Housing-Component.aspx\">carved out for the small percentage of farmworkers who are homeowners\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yañez is one of them. On a late summer afternoon, he showed where a crew had laid insulation in his attic and installed ceiling fans. An efficient, electric air-conditioning system was on the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the thermometer outdoors still reading 103 F at 5 p.m., those measures would make the house more comfortable, he said, and keep his energy costs more manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s tough to cover all the bills,” he said, adding that when it’s too hot to safely work outside, farmworkers are sent home early, costing them hours on their paychecks. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Arturo Yañez, San Joaquin Valley resident\"]‘We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.’[/pullquote]Yañez had also applied for solar panels through the weatherization program, and that afternoon he learned that he’d qualified. His face lit up in relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s wonderful!” he said. “We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caballero said efforts like these are exactly what the valley needs but they must expand rapidly, to include hundreds of thousands of farmworker families who rent, often in shoddy homes with poor insulation and no air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of ‘weatherization on steroids,’” she said. “The benefits could be very, very powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office published an \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">extreme heat action plan\u003c/a>, and the legislature budgeted $1.1 billion for “decarbonization” retrofits in the homes of low- and moderate-income Californians, such as electric appliances and heat pumps for heating and cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Caballero wrote a bill, signed by Gov. Newsom, to monitor where those funds are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to make sure that, with limited funds, we started with the communities that had the worst extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building a greener economy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the town of Huron, becoming more climate resilient is also about creating new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by tomato fields and almond orchards, the Fresno County town of about 6,000 is not the kind of place you’d expect to see Teslas and Chevy Volts. The poverty rate is 40%, and just 3 in 10 adults have finished high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person with a moustache and wearing a baseball cap stands in front of a white car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huron Mayor Rey León stands near an electric vehicle outside the Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as LEAP, in Huron, Calif., on Sept. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet, from a former diesel garage on an alley behind the struggling main street, a busy rideshare service dispatches drivers in shiny electric cars to ferry Huron residents to the doctor and other appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free program is called \u003ca href=\"https://greenraiteros.org\">Green Raiteros\u003c/a>, a play on the Spanish slang for someone who gives rides. The five-year-old project is the brainchild of Rey León, founding director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://theleapinstitute.org\">Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute\u003c/a>, or LEAP. Green Raiteros is funded with state grants. And drivers are employees, not gig workers, with pay starting at $18 per hour, according to LEAP staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León, who’s also Huron’s mayor, said the program is part of his vision of meeting basic needs like transportation while leaning into the green economy. The hope is to both reduce emissions and create jobs, preparing the workforce as climate change-induced drought disrupts the agricultural economy of the Central Valley. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Huron Mayor Rey León\"]‘Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time.’[/pullquote]“Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time,” said León, sitting in his office upstairs from the dispatchers. “We hope we can make the investments necessary to employ, empower and really animate folks from the community to advance their economy — with innovative technologies so that we can simultaneously fight the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León sees the physical health of his community as intertwined with its economic health — and both as inextricably linked with the health of the environment where they live: \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/california-has-some-of-the-worst-air-quality-in-the-country-the-problem-is-rooted-in-the-san-joaquin-valley\">one of the most contaminated air basins in the nation\u003c/a>. Huron residents breathe air that carries dust from the fields, pesticides and smog from nearby Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other efforts, León has installed 30 EV charging stations around town, planted 300 street trees and enacted measures to promote water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, León is aware that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/environment/2022-11-03/amid-californias-three-year-drought-a-san-joaquin-valley-farmworker-considers-seeking-work-outside-the-region\">tens of thousands of agricultural jobs could dry up\u003c/a> in coming years, as climate-change-fueled drought persists and environmental laws to restore depleted aquifers take effect. The LEAP headquarters on the alley is an incubator for projects he hopes will eventually lead to hundreds of well-paying jobs in manufacturing and environmental stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960224\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960224\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap looks out the window from the backseat of a car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Enrique Contreras gets a ride in an all-electric vehicle from the Green Raiteros rideshare program in Huron, Calif., to a doctor’s appointment on Sept. 1, 2023. The program is run by Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as Leap. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one bay of the garage, several men were building prototypes of portable trailers with solar panels on top, that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">California Energy Commission hopes can serve as emergency shelters\u003c/a> and power stations, to deploy during wildfires or other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in a greenhouse behind the garage, two workers are running an experiment, funded by the USDA, to test a liquid organic fertilizer on tomatoes — with hopes of scaling up production and using local agricultural waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Huron’s mayor, León is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">scoping the possibility of developing a park\u003c/a> and nature conservancy on 3,000 acres of overgrown federal land just outside of town. He envisions replenishing the underground aquifer there using the town’s treated wastewater, and employing residents to build trails and plant native trees grown in LEAP greenhouses.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Solange Gould, co-director, Human Impact Partners\"]‘There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.’[/pullquote]León’s dreams are big, but they’ll take more money, political muscle and capacity building to realize. He knows they won’t happen overnight and, for now, he’s experimenting at a small scale. The Green Raiteros fleet in Huron has 11 cars, but state grants are funding an expansion, with five additional vehicles in Fresno and three more in the Salinas Valley town of Pajaro. In a poor community like his, León said, such government funding has been essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the resources provided by state agencies, it really wouldn’t be possible,” he said. “We’re farmworkers and, traditionally, farmworkers have never been afforded the privilege of being able to build up wealth. … We hope that with the projects we’re doing, they could see them as pilots for what could be done in similar communities throughout the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farming towns like Huron have had some success winning competitive grants. But even with all the new money flowing from state and federal governments, it often goes to big cities and large nonprofits with sophisticated fundraising operations, leaving small, rural places at a disadvantage — even if their need is intense, some advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are dire inequities on every measure of human wellbeing in the Central Valley because of past and current policies and disinvestment,” said Solange Gould, co-director of Human Impact Partners, a nonprofit that advocates for health equity. “There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Central Valley’s agriculture-driven communities strive for climate resilience with state and federal aid, but funding hurdles persist for its most vulnerable residents.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1702496328,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":60,"wordCount":3418},"headData":{"title":"How Central Valley Farmworker Communities Are Tackling Climate Change | KQED","description":"The Central Valley’s agriculture-driven communities strive for climate resilience with state and federal aid, but funding hurdles persist for its most vulnerable residents.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/52c0dce5-45de-4888-8ce0-b0b9010e9b06/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11966862/how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A rural community on the banks of the San Joaquin River was spared from flooding during last winter’s powerful storms after hundreds of acres of former farmland were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965257/california-looks-to-restore-floodplains-to-protect-communities-from-impacts-of-climate-change\">restored to their natural state as floodplains\u003c/a>, giving the rising water a place to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An immigrant family in the Central Valley city of Tulare got relief from 100-degree heat and sky-high energy bills with insulation and energy retrofits installed under a state program to weatherize the homes of low-income farmworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small town mayor in a region with some of the most polluted air in the nation launched a free rideshare program with a fleet of electric vehicles — the first step in his goal of creating hundreds of green jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are a few of the climate resilience strategies emerging in hard-hit agricultural communities in California’s Central Valley, supported by state and federal funds that could enable local initiatives to scale up. But the very places that need help the most may have the hardest time accessing the funding available, \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/aYv2COYZQzi2BvYEskPu2V?domain=next10.org\">research shows\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents of San Joaquin Valley face a barrage of challenges as the planet warms and weather patterns shift, often with catastrophic results. Land development has been engineered over decades to maximize agricultural productivity, with little attention to environmental resilience. And low-income immigrant workers, who are the backbone of this economy, are on the front lines, living in communities that lack resources and critical infrastructure to cope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer temperatures throughout the valley routinely spike into triple digits, making outdoor work dangerous and shoddily built homes stifling. Wildfires repeatedly blanket the region with smoke, exacerbating the air pollution that leads to the state’s worst rates of asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966814\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966814\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A dry field with an irrigation channel alongside it.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An irrigation channel carries water to new plantings in the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. The restoration work was conducted by the nonprofit River Partners to allow the fast-moving river to spread out over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force and preventing catastrophic flooding. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Violent floods wash away homes and livelihoods in communities with neglected levees and insufficient storm drains. And recurring drought contributes to the fact that most of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2021-118/index.html\">nearly 1 million Californians who lack access to safe drinking water\u003c/a> live in the Central Valley. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist, Union of Concerned Scientists","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The biggest problem is the combination of things: farmworker communities not having a rest from one climate impact to another,” said Pablo Ortiz-Partida, senior water and climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists. “All these things start interconnecting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz-Partida said policymakers must listen to those who live with these impacts daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be some top-down solutions, but also some bottom-up solutions,” he said. “How can we start that process of equitable transition to cleaner energies? … How can we start bringing a new, more sustainable vision of agriculture in the San Joaquin Valley?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Left behind in the clean energy transition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has established itself as a national leader in climate policy. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/bio/merrian-borgeson/ca-climate-energy-policy-update-summer-2023\">Natural Resources Defense Council estimates\u003c/a> the state has committed to spend more than $52 billion over the next several years to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents\">transition off fossil fuels\u003c/a> and tackle the effects of climate change. That’s in addition to the hundreds of millions of dollars from President Joe Biden’s Infrastructure Act and \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/California.pdf\">Inflation Reduction Act\u003c/a> that will soon flow to the state to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet low-income immigrant communities in rural areas that are among the most impacted have not always seen the benefit — and could be at risk of losing out again. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11943590","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMatters_01-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> A \u003ca href=\"https://www.next10.org/publications/local-climate\">new report\u003c/a> from UC Berkeley’s Center for Law, Energy, & the Environment, and two nonprofits — the Institute for Local Government and Next 10 — found that many California municipalities, especially smaller ones, need to staff up and develop detailed climate action plans if they want a shot at competitive grants for the unprecedented funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the state faces worsening impacts from climate change, local governments are the front-line defense for our communities,” said F. Noel Perry, founder of Next 10. “We need to identify the barriers cities and counties face so we can take full advantage of the historic federal and state funding available to better protect ourselves now and in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Anna Caballero represents some of the San Joaquin Valley’s poorest places and said climate policies don’t work if they only benefit wealthier residents of coastal cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s seen plenty of well-intentioned climate programs miss the mark for her Central Valley constituents. One example is rebates for purchasing electric cars and solar panels, which require paying the full price upfront and getting the discount later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The urgency of getting this right and including rural communities in our discussion about climate change is that we’re going to end up with two separate worlds,” she said. “If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you. There’s no job. There’s no way to pay your bills. And your community has no way of sustaining itself.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘If you can afford it, you have an electric vehicle and a solar rooftop. And if you can’t, there’s nothing for you.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"State Sen. Anna Caballero","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The region’s economy is dominated by agriculture and fossil fuel extraction industries, whose leaders trend Republican and have often resisted Democratic moves to slash carbon emissions and protect water and ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, 55% of the San Joaquin Valley’s 4.3 million residents live in disadvantaged communities, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment\u003c/a> for the region. \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS%20Research%20Report%2015.pdf\">Among California farmworkers, 9 in 10 are immigrants\u003c/a>, and 8 in 10 are not citizens. Though their labor is essential, and many have lived here for decades, they can’t vote, so their voices and experiences aren’t always represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Caballero, a Democrat, and many other lawmakers and advocates have been pushing for equitable solutions, and some are beginning to bear fruit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The river is their backyard’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The unincorporated community of Grayson, on the west bank of the San Joaquin River, is just five-by-six blocks. The only business, The One-Stop, is a gas station, convenience store, lunch counter and laundromat rolled into one. Residents rely on wells for drinking water that are often contaminated with agricultural chemicals from surrounding fields. Flooding has long been a risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lilia Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, pointed out some older homes on Charles Street, where the water rose ominously as rain pounded the region last winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a dry field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lilia Lomelí-Gil walks along the recently restored floodplain on the banks of the San Joaquin River near her home in Grayson, Calif., on Aug. 31. Lomelí-Gil, who runs the Grayson United Community Center, said the natural floodplain protected Grayson from flooding last winter and creates a place where community residents can get closer to nature. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The river is their backyard,” she said. “The lady that lives right there in that little house was at risk of getting flooded. It did go up to their yard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lomelí-Gil, 71, knows that risk firsthand. Back in 1997, she was living in nearby Modesto when \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXEza6kPyFk\">a massive flood hit on New Year’s Day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lost my home,” she said. “Because the waters came in 4-feet high. And since we were downriver from the sewage plant, of course, it was all contaminated waters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She salvaged what she could and moved back to Grayson, where she’d grown up the daughter of farmworkers from Mexico. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health. I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lilia Lomelí-Gil, co-founder, Grayson United Community Center","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>During last winter’s storms, levees failed and catastrophic floods devastated other farmworker communities, like Pajaro and Planada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Grayson, the San Joaquin River surged, but the outcome was very different: the town did not flood. One reason? A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/28/1178441292/flood-protection-california\">recent floodplain restoration project\u003c/a> allowed the fast-moving river to spread over a wider expanse, diminishing its destructive force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work was done by \u003ca href=\"https://riverpartners.org\">River Partners\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization that restores riverside habitats around California. The group purchased unused farmland abutting the river, then removed the earthen berms holding the water in its channel. Dozens of people from the local community, including Lomelí-Gil, got involved in planting native tree saplings and grasses to restore wildlife habitat in the new floodplain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent weekday, Lomelí-Gil tramped down an abandoned road at the end of Minnie Street to show off the plantings. Once the work is complete, she said, she’s looking forward to taking kids and seniors from the community center out to walk along trails by the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back to nature … It works with mental health and your physical health and your spiritual health,” she said, stopping to listen to the sound of the birds and the babbling water. “I think that triangle is the key to facing life’s challenges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing levees to allow floods to flow across fallow farmland is a low-tech solution with significant payoffs, River Partners executive director Julie Rentner said. It not only reduces flood risk and expands wildlife habitat and space for recreation, but it refills underground aquifers that have been depleted by decades of over-pumping — and that should lead to cleaner drinking water for Lomelí-Gil and her neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar projects will soon break ground. In the wake of last winter’s storms, state lawmakers budgeted nearly half a billion dollars to shore up levees and rebuild damaged communities. Tucked in there was $40 million for River Partners to restore natural floodplains on 2,500 more acres elsewhere along the San Joaquin River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That money is only a downpayment on what’s ultimately needed, Rentner said, but it’s an important step that could be a game-changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thinking more holistically about how we manage our water and our soil and our communities,” she said. ”So that we can find solutions to climate resilience that benefit us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Weatherization on steroids’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Extreme heat is another consequence of climate change hitting the San Joaquin Valley hard. Scientists calculate that annual average maximum \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/CA4_CCA_SJ_Region_Eng_ada.pdf\">temperatures increased by 1F from 1950 to 2020\u003c/a>. In 2021, Fresno experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/media/hnx/SEPTEMBER%202021%20WEATHER%20SUMMARY.pdf\">a record 69 straight days with temperatures over 100F\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the little city of Tulare, nearly three hours south of Grayson, Arturo Yañez, 55, unloads crates of kiwis and pomegranates. He said in the three decades he’s lived in the valley, he’s felt it get a little hotter each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11966816\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11966816\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap looks at photos on a shelf inside a home.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/231108-CLIMATE-FLOODPLAIN-TH-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arturo Yañez looks at family photos at his home in Tulare on Aug. 31. He received home weatherization and solar panels through a state program for green energy retrofits for farmworkers’ households. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This year, too, it was extremely hot,” he said in Spanish. “To work in these temperatures is tough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help mitigate the heat, California uses funds from the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/california-climate-investments\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to weatherize homes of low-income families, with some of that money \u003ca href=\"https://www.csd.ca.gov/Pages/Farmworker-Housing-Component.aspx\">carved out for the small percentage of farmworkers who are homeowners\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yañez is one of them. On a late summer afternoon, he showed where a crew had laid insulation in his attic and installed ceiling fans. An efficient, electric air-conditioning system was on the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the thermometer outdoors still reading 103 F at 5 p.m., those measures would make the house more comfortable, he said, and keep his energy costs more manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s tough to cover all the bills,” he said, adding that when it’s too hot to safely work outside, farmworkers are sent home early, costing them hours on their paychecks. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Arturo Yañez, San Joaquin Valley resident","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Yañez had also applied for solar panels through the weatherization program, and that afternoon he learned that he’d qualified. His face lit up in relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s wonderful!” he said. “We’ll be saving energy. And we can help reduce global warming too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caballero said efforts like these are exactly what the valley needs but they must expand rapidly, to include hundreds of thousands of farmworker families who rent, often in shoddy homes with poor insulation and no air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of ‘weatherization on steroids,’” she said. “The benefits could be very, very powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office published an \u003ca href=\"https://resources.ca.gov/-/media/CNRA-Website/Files/Initiatives/Climate-Resilience/2022-Final-Extreme-Heat-Action-Plan.pdf\">extreme heat action plan\u003c/a>, and the legislature budgeted $1.1 billion for “decarbonization” retrofits in the homes of low- and moderate-income Californians, such as electric appliances and heat pumps for heating and cooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Caballero wrote a bill, signed by Gov. Newsom, to monitor where those funds are spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to make sure that, with limited funds, we started with the communities that had the worst extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Building a greener economy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the town of Huron, becoming more climate resilient is also about creating new jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by tomato fields and almond orchards, the Fresno County town of about 6,000 is not the kind of place you’d expect to see Teslas and Chevy Volts. The poverty rate is 40%, and just 3 in 10 adults have finished high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person with a moustache and wearing a baseball cap stands in front of a white car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68672_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-50-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huron Mayor Rey León stands near an electric vehicle outside the Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as LEAP, in Huron, Calif., on Sept. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet, from a former diesel garage on an alley behind the struggling main street, a busy rideshare service dispatches drivers in shiny electric cars to ferry Huron residents to the doctor and other appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free program is called \u003ca href=\"https://greenraiteros.org\">Green Raiteros\u003c/a>, a play on the Spanish slang for someone who gives rides. The five-year-old project is the brainchild of Rey León, founding director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://theleapinstitute.org\">Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute\u003c/a>, or LEAP. Green Raiteros is funded with state grants. And drivers are employees, not gig workers, with pay starting at $18 per hour, according to LEAP staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León, who’s also Huron’s mayor, said the program is part of his vision of meeting basic needs like transportation while leaning into the green economy. The hope is to both reduce emissions and create jobs, preparing the workforce as climate change-induced drought disrupts the agricultural economy of the Central Valley. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Huron Mayor Rey León","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Huron is in an area that’s been not just drought-stricken, but poverty-stricken for a very long time,” said León, sitting in his office upstairs from the dispatchers. “We hope we can make the investments necessary to employ, empower and really animate folks from the community to advance their economy — with innovative technologies so that we can simultaneously fight the climate crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>León sees the physical health of his community as intertwined with its economic health — and both as inextricably linked with the health of the environment where they live: \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/california-has-some-of-the-worst-air-quality-in-the-country-the-problem-is-rooted-in-the-san-joaquin-valley\">one of the most contaminated air basins in the nation\u003c/a>. Huron residents breathe air that carries dust from the fields, pesticides and smog from nearby Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other efforts, León has installed 30 EV charging stations around town, planted 300 street trees and enacted measures to promote water conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, León is aware that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kvpr.org/environment/2022-11-03/amid-californias-three-year-drought-a-san-joaquin-valley-farmworker-considers-seeking-work-outside-the-region\">tens of thousands of agricultural jobs could dry up\u003c/a> in coming years, as climate-change-fueled drought persists and environmental laws to restore depleted aquifers take effect. The LEAP headquarters on the alley is an incubator for projects he hopes will eventually lead to hundreds of well-paying jobs in manufacturing and environmental stewardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960224\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960224\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap looks out the window from the backseat of a car.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/RS68646_230901-CentralValleyClimateSolutions-13-BL-KQED-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Enrique Contreras gets a ride in an all-electric vehicle from the Green Raiteros rideshare program in Huron, Calif., to a doctor’s appointment on Sept. 1, 2023. The program is run by Latino Equity Advocacy & Policy Institute offices, known as Leap. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one bay of the garage, several men were building prototypes of portable trailers with solar panels on top, that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">California Energy Commission hopes can serve as emergency shelters\u003c/a> and power stations, to deploy during wildfires or other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in a greenhouse behind the garage, two workers are running an experiment, funded by the USDA, to test a liquid organic fertilizer on tomatoes — with hopes of scaling up production and using local agricultural waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Huron’s mayor, León is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.grants.ca.gov/grants/gfo-20-310-mobile-renewable-backup-generation-morbugs/\">scoping the possibility of developing a park\u003c/a> and nature conservancy on 3,000 acres of overgrown federal land just outside of town. He envisions replenishing the underground aquifer there using the town’s treated wastewater, and employing residents to build trails and plant native trees grown in LEAP greenhouses.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Solange Gould, co-director, Human Impact Partners","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>León’s dreams are big, but they’ll take more money, political muscle and capacity building to realize. He knows they won’t happen overnight and, for now, he’s experimenting at a small scale. The Green Raiteros fleet in Huron has 11 cars, but state grants are funding an expansion, with five additional vehicles in Fresno and three more in the Salinas Valley town of Pajaro. In a poor community like his, León said, such government funding has been essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the resources provided by state agencies, it really wouldn’t be possible,” he said. “We’re farmworkers and, traditionally, farmworkers have never been afforded the privilege of being able to build up wealth. … We hope that with the projects we’re doing, they could see them as pilots for what could be done in similar communities throughout the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farming towns like Huron have had some success winning competitive grants. But even with all the new money flowing from state and federal governments, it often goes to big cities and large nonprofits with sophisticated fundraising operations, leaving small, rural places at a disadvantage — even if their need is intense, some advocates say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are dire inequities on every measure of human wellbeing in the Central Valley because of past and current policies and disinvestment,” said Solange Gould, co-director of Human Impact Partners, a nonprofit that advocates for health equity. “There’s a lot of funding, but the state needs to provide more technical assistance to Central Valley groups to be able to access that money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11966862/how-central-valley-farmworker-communities-are-tackling-climate-change","authors":["259"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_31720","news_32371","news_311","news_21349","news_19204","news_255","news_18269","news_27626","news_3431","news_30964","news_37","news_32157","news_2929","news_31551","news_5525","news_1775","news_32889","news_20202","news_26422","news_32519","news_32552","news_4695","news_18699"],"featImg":"news_11960227","label":"news_72"},"news_11964902":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11964902","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11964902","score":null,"sort":[1697806895000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","title":"Unearthing Fresno's Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman's Journey","publishDate":1697806895,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Unearthing Fresno’s Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman’s Journey | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>In 1977, Fresno was home to only one Hmong family. But within a few decades, the Hmong community blossomed into a staggering 35,000 residents, all refugees from Vietnam and Laos. They were resettled in the Central Valley and other parts of California as part of the U.S. State Department relocation program. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\"]‘The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has. Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.’[/pullquote]Ia Moua was one of those resilient refugees, arriving in Fresno with her husband and eight children in 1993. It was long after the Vietnam War ended and they were among thousands of migrants still awaiting resettlement from refugee camps in Thailand. Many, like Moua, didn’t speak English and couldn’t read or write in any language. They felt adrift in their new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moua’s unwavering determination and her deep-rooted connection to her homeland ultimately led her to embark on a remarkable journey — one that author and photographer Lisa M. Hamilton chronicles in her new book, \u003cem>The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\u003c/em>. (Hamilton uses a pseudonym for Ia’s last name in the book. For clarity, we are using that last name as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has,” Hamilton said. “Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964963\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A person kneels outside of a small hut on a blue tarp as they work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Threshing rice with a stick, beating the bundles over a wooden stump. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s, first book was called \u003ca href=\"https://www.counterpointpress.com/books/deeply-rooted/\">\u003cem>Deeply Rooted: Unconventional Farmers in the Age of Agribusiness\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>For this project, she’d initially set out to write about rice cultivation worldwide. Her path took an unexpected turn, though, when she discovered a network of Hmong farmers, predominantly women, many of them grandmothers, who were cultivating rice in the Central Valley. When Hamilton met Moua during a chance encounter at a farm in Fresno, the book she was writing quickly turned to focus on Moua’s intimate narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia approached me and also the interpreter who I was working with and said, ‘If you guys ever want to come talk to me, I’ve got some stories to tell.’ And I was immediately intrigued,” Hamilton recalled. “We came and visited her the next week, and after that, the book sort of effortlessly became about Ia. The rice receded into the background and Ia’s story became the focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rice as a bridge from Laos to Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Born in 1964, Moua grew up surrounded by the chaos and violence of war. When U.S. forces retreated from Vietnam in 1975, they left the Hmong, who had allied with them during the war, vulnerable to retribution from the new communist government. The violence, persecution and displacement became unbearable, pushing Moua and many others to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 15 years old and nine months pregnant with her first child, Moua embarked on a harrowing journey to Thailand. Eventually, she and her husband and other family landed in a refugee camp along the Mekong River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964961\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A blue tarp with piles of greenery on it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of rice bundles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the next 15 years, Moua birthed seven more children in the refugee camp. When the large family eventually boarded a plane to Fresno, Moua’s connection to her homeland and culture remained strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bridge the gap between her new life in California and her memories of her family back in Laos, she decided to cultivate \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab. \u003c/em>The name roughly means “fresh rice,” but much is lost in translation. It is unlike any variety sold in U.S. grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>, Hamilton writes about how Moua’s decision to plant 10 rows of \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab\u003c/em> in a Fresno field was a way to connect to her parents back in Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>“The rice was a medium for memory, a spiritual bridge on which her heart could walk across all that longing and return to when she was with them both [her parents] in person. It happened when the first green shoots poked through the soil. Then when the leaves grew thick and wind rushed through them. When the plants miraculously flowered and then filled out the stomach of each little grain, the past that felt so far away came surging back.” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s book chronicles how Hmong refugees from all across Fresno arrive at Moua’s field to help pull weeds in floppy hats in searing temperatures. The fields are not just a place for hard labor. They’ve become a gathering ground for the Hmong community in Fresno. In turn, the harvest season is not just about hand-picking the crop. It’s a time for storytelling, socializing and singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964960\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A hand stirs a large wok filled with grain.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man roasting rice in farm shed. The woks rest on a handmade clay hearth, and the fire is lit underneath. Fresno. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The rice field, it’s this little postage stamp within Fresno that brings people back again and again,” Hamilton said. “Sometimes, Ia will be there working and she will hear singing. Singing is a way of sort of unburdening themselves, bringing their troubles outside of themselves. And the rice acts as a sort of listener.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>People start to appear. On Sunday afternoons especially, there are caravans of minivans and SUVs. People pile out the doors, and right there in the driveway they change their clothes, trading ordinary city outfits for the elaborate puzzle of pleated skirts and fitted jackets and long sashes that their Hmong ancestors once wore every day. Posing with the rice, they click off scores of photos. The best among them sing to the rice while the rest film videos with their phones. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to preserve a tiny family-run farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The future of small-scale farms is threatened on all sides by industrial-scale Ag giants, and by climate change, which is making summers hotter and winters drier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11964964 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"Old clothes are hung on a cross to make a scarecrow in a field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scarecrow with rice plants. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moua’s children have sought employment indoors at Walmart or the Gap. Moua’s husband worked the graveyard shift at a poultry plant. Yet, amid the struggles, farming their own tiny rice plot provides these refugees a taste of autonomy and a personal sense of fulfillment. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\"]‘I promised [Ia] … that I would raise the money to have [‘The Hungry Season’] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook. When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.’[/pullquote]Hamilton and interpreter Lor Xiong spent six years shadowing Moua in the rice fields. Hamilton learned to cultivate rice while learning Moua’s life story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t sitting at a table across from Ia with a microphone,” Hamilton explained. “It was really important to me that my work not take away from her work. She would continue working and I would work alongside her. So whether she’s planting rice, or harvesting rice or weeding — I was doing the same thing. Following up, following alongside her, Lor would be with us, holding the recorder and interpreting.” [aside postID=news_11956315 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/gettyimages-1231093862_wide-4195c57f825738c502a8a11e343c9df96ca71caf-1020x574.jpg']Along the way, the three women, author, subject and translator, cultivated a profound friendship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia and I would be working, and kind of the way you talk to a teenager in the car, so you don’t have to be looking at each other. There is just this sort of ease that comes from just being together,” Hamilton said. “We did this over the course of five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge, though, is making sure that Moua can read the biography Hamilton wrote. She doesn’t read or write in Hmong or English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I promised [Ia], and really myself, that I would raise the money to have [\u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook, which I intend to distribute for free,” Hamilton said. “When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Lisa M. Hamilton's book, ‘The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival,’ follows Hmong refugees in Fresno uniting during rice harvest season.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1697759389,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1470},"headData":{"title":"Unearthing Fresno's Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman's Journey | KQED","description":"Lisa M. Hamilton's book, ‘The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival,’ follows Hmong refugees in Fresno uniting during rice harvest season.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"The California Report Magazine","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/californiareportmagazine","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/ec1c34f6-645f-40b0-80af-b09f016de032/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11964902/unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1977, Fresno was home to only one Hmong family. But within a few decades, the Hmong community blossomed into a staggering 35,000 residents, all refugees from Vietnam and Laos. They were resettled in the Central Valley and other parts of California as part of the U.S. State Department relocation program. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has. Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ia Moua was one of those resilient refugees, arriving in Fresno with her husband and eight children in 1993. It was long after the Vietnam War ended and they were among thousands of migrants still awaiting resettlement from refugee camps in Thailand. Many, like Moua, didn’t speak English and couldn’t read or write in any language. They felt adrift in their new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moua’s unwavering determination and her deep-rooted connection to her homeland ultimately led her to embark on a remarkable journey — one that author and photographer Lisa M. Hamilton chronicles in her new book, \u003cem>The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\u003c/em>. (Hamilton uses a pseudonym for Ia’s last name in the book. For clarity, we are using that last name as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has,” Hamilton said. “Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964963\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A person kneels outside of a small hut on a blue tarp as they work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Threshing rice with a stick, beating the bundles over a wooden stump. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s, first book was called \u003ca href=\"https://www.counterpointpress.com/books/deeply-rooted/\">\u003cem>Deeply Rooted: Unconventional Farmers in the Age of Agribusiness\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>For this project, she’d initially set out to write about rice cultivation worldwide. Her path took an unexpected turn, though, when she discovered a network of Hmong farmers, predominantly women, many of them grandmothers, who were cultivating rice in the Central Valley. When Hamilton met Moua during a chance encounter at a farm in Fresno, the book she was writing quickly turned to focus on Moua’s intimate narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia approached me and also the interpreter who I was working with and said, ‘If you guys ever want to come talk to me, I’ve got some stories to tell.’ And I was immediately intrigued,” Hamilton recalled. “We came and visited her the next week, and after that, the book sort of effortlessly became about Ia. The rice receded into the background and Ia’s story became the focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rice as a bridge from Laos to Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Born in 1964, Moua grew up surrounded by the chaos and violence of war. When U.S. forces retreated from Vietnam in 1975, they left the Hmong, who had allied with them during the war, vulnerable to retribution from the new communist government. The violence, persecution and displacement became unbearable, pushing Moua and many others to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 15 years old and nine months pregnant with her first child, Moua embarked on a harrowing journey to Thailand. Eventually, she and her husband and other family landed in a refugee camp along the Mekong River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964961\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A blue tarp with piles of greenery on it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of rice bundles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the next 15 years, Moua birthed seven more children in the refugee camp. When the large family eventually boarded a plane to Fresno, Moua’s connection to her homeland and culture remained strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bridge the gap between her new life in California and her memories of her family back in Laos, she decided to cultivate \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab. \u003c/em>The name roughly means “fresh rice,” but much is lost in translation. It is unlike any variety sold in U.S. grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>, Hamilton writes about how Moua’s decision to plant 10 rows of \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab\u003c/em> in a Fresno field was a way to connect to her parents back in Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>“The rice was a medium for memory, a spiritual bridge on which her heart could walk across all that longing and return to when she was with them both [her parents] in person. It happened when the first green shoots poked through the soil. Then when the leaves grew thick and wind rushed through them. When the plants miraculously flowered and then filled out the stomach of each little grain, the past that felt so far away came surging back.” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s book chronicles how Hmong refugees from all across Fresno arrive at Moua’s field to help pull weeds in floppy hats in searing temperatures. The fields are not just a place for hard labor. They’ve become a gathering ground for the Hmong community in Fresno. In turn, the harvest season is not just about hand-picking the crop. It’s a time for storytelling, socializing and singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964960\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A hand stirs a large wok filled with grain.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man roasting rice in farm shed. The woks rest on a handmade clay hearth, and the fire is lit underneath. Fresno. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The rice field, it’s this little postage stamp within Fresno that brings people back again and again,” Hamilton said. “Sometimes, Ia will be there working and she will hear singing. Singing is a way of sort of unburdening themselves, bringing their troubles outside of themselves. And the rice acts as a sort of listener.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>People start to appear. On Sunday afternoons especially, there are caravans of minivans and SUVs. People pile out the doors, and right there in the driveway they change their clothes, trading ordinary city outfits for the elaborate puzzle of pleated skirts and fitted jackets and long sashes that their Hmong ancestors once wore every day. Posing with the rice, they click off scores of photos. The best among them sing to the rice while the rest film videos with their phones. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to preserve a tiny family-run farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The future of small-scale farms is threatened on all sides by industrial-scale Ag giants, and by climate change, which is making summers hotter and winters drier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11964964 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"Old clothes are hung on a cross to make a scarecrow in a field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scarecrow with rice plants. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moua’s children have sought employment indoors at Walmart or the Gap. Moua’s husband worked the graveyard shift at a poultry plant. Yet, amid the struggles, farming their own tiny rice plot provides these refugees a taste of autonomy and a personal sense of fulfillment. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I promised [Ia] … that I would raise the money to have [‘The Hungry Season’] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook. When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hamilton and interpreter Lor Xiong spent six years shadowing Moua in the rice fields. Hamilton learned to cultivate rice while learning Moua’s life story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t sitting at a table across from Ia with a microphone,” Hamilton explained. “It was really important to me that my work not take away from her work. She would continue working and I would work alongside her. So whether she’s planting rice, or harvesting rice or weeding — I was doing the same thing. Following up, following alongside her, Lor would be with us, holding the recorder and interpreting.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11956315","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/gettyimages-1231093862_wide-4195c57f825738c502a8a11e343c9df96ca71caf-1020x574.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Along the way, the three women, author, subject and translator, cultivated a profound friendship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia and I would be working, and kind of the way you talk to a teenager in the car, so you don’t have to be looking at each other. There is just this sort of ease that comes from just being together,” Hamilton said. “We did this over the course of five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge, though, is making sure that Moua can read the biography Hamilton wrote. She doesn’t read or write in Hmong or English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I promised [Ia], and really myself, that I would raise the money to have [\u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook, which I intend to distribute for free,” Hamilton said. “When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11964902/unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","authors":["11229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_29992","news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_311","news_30976","news_20632","news_19940","news_33364"],"featImg":"news_11964965","label":"source_news_11964902"},"news_11948668":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11948668","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11948668","score":null,"sort":[1683932461000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"allensworth-braces-for-floods-70s-band-fanny-reclaims-their-right-to-rock","title":"Allensworth Braces For Floods; ’70s Band Fanny Reclaims Their Right To Rock","publishDate":1683932461,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Allensworth Braces For Floods; ’70s Band Fanny Reclaims Their Right To Rock | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949138/how-systemic-racism-is-putting-allensworth-a-historically-black-town-at-risk-of-flooding-again\">How a Legacy of Racism Is Putting a 115-Year-Old Historically Black Town At Risk of Flooding, Again\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Back in the early 1900s, the town of Allensworth became the first California town founded, financed and governed by Black Americans. The fertile Tulare Lake region should’ve been a utopia for the Black doctors, professors and farmers who settled there. But historic power dynamics left them, and the Allensworth community today, on the losing side of many water and land use questions. Now, as the Sierra snowpack melts and floods the Tulare Lake Basin, communities like Allensworth are uniquely vulnerable to flooding. Reporter Teresa Cotsirilos visited Allensworth earlier this spring to learn how residents are coping.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949142/buried-without-a-trace-the-all-female-rock-group-youve-probably-never-heard\">Meet Fanny, the Best ’70s All-Female Band You Probably Haven’t Heard Of\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you think of California rockers from the 1970s, bands like the Eagles or Journey might come to mind. You probably don’t picture an interracial band of women — some of them Filipina-American and queer — from places like Sacramento and Folsom. Fanny was the first all-female rock band to release an album on a major label, breaking ground for women musicians like the Go Gos, the B52s, and Bonnie Rait. In fact, Fanny released five albums by 1974, but today, a lot of people haven’t heard of them. A new documentary film screening at CAAMFest in San Francisco follows band members nearly 50 years later as they record a reunion album. Sasha Khokha spoke with June Millington, Fanny’s lead guitarist, and film director, Bobbi Jo Hart, about the band’s legacy, the film and why age is just a number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Allensworth was the first California town founded and governed by Black Americans back in 1908. Since then, residents have struggled against a legacy of racism in the region that makes the more vulnerable when disasters hit. And, Fanny is back! The 1970s rock group paved the way for other all-women bands with their ferocious playing.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1683915222,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":301},"headData":{"title":"Allensworth Braces For Floods; ’70s Band Fanny Reclaims Their Right To Rock | KQED","description":"Allensworth was the first California town founded and governed by Black Americans back in 1908. Since then, residents have struggled against a legacy of racism in the region that makes the more vulnerable when disasters hit. And, Fanny is back! The 1970s rock group paved the way for other all-women bands with their ferocious playing.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"The California Report Magazine","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC2048706827.mp3?updated=1683913865","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11948668/allensworth-braces-for-floods-70s-band-fanny-reclaims-their-right-to-rock","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949138/how-systemic-racism-is-putting-allensworth-a-historically-black-town-at-risk-of-flooding-again\">How a Legacy of Racism Is Putting a 115-Year-Old Historically Black Town At Risk of Flooding, Again\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Back in the early 1900s, the town of Allensworth became the first California town founded, financed and governed by Black Americans. The fertile Tulare Lake region should’ve been a utopia for the Black doctors, professors and farmers who settled there. But historic power dynamics left them, and the Allensworth community today, on the losing side of many water and land use questions. Now, as the Sierra snowpack melts and floods the Tulare Lake Basin, communities like Allensworth are uniquely vulnerable to flooding. Reporter Teresa Cotsirilos visited Allensworth earlier this spring to learn how residents are coping.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949142/buried-without-a-trace-the-all-female-rock-group-youve-probably-never-heard\">Meet Fanny, the Best ’70s All-Female Band You Probably Haven’t Heard Of\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you think of California rockers from the 1970s, bands like the Eagles or Journey might come to mind. You probably don’t picture an interracial band of women — some of them Filipina-American and queer — from places like Sacramento and Folsom. Fanny was the first all-female rock band to release an album on a major label, breaking ground for women musicians like the Go Gos, the B52s, and Bonnie Rait. In fact, Fanny released five albums by 1974, but today, a lot of people haven’t heard of them. A new documentary film screening at CAAMFest in San Francisco follows band members nearly 50 years later as they record a reunion album. Sasha Khokha spoke with June Millington, Fanny’s lead guitarist, and film director, Bobbi Jo Hart, about the band’s legacy, the film and why age is just a number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11948668/allensworth-braces-for-floods-70s-band-fanny-reclaims-their-right-to-rock","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_31795"],"tags":["news_311","news_3431","news_1425","news_467"],"featImg":"news_11949235","label":"source_news_11948668"},"news_11948223":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11948223","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11948223","score":null,"sort":[1683295243000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"farming-with-ghosts-david-mas-masumoto-shares-how-he-learned-a-family-secret","title":"Farming With Ghosts: David 'Mas' Masumoto Shares How He Learned a Family Secret","publishDate":1683295243,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Farming With Ghosts: David ‘Mas’ Masumoto Shares How He Learned a Family Secret | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>David “Mas” Masumoto says he farms with ghosts. On his family’s organic peach, nectarine and grape farm south of Fresno, he points out pruning scars from long-time workers, and walks down rows of trees he planted with his father. He says the labor and lessons of his ancestors are in the soil and the grapevines and orchards, and he’s passing these on to the next generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mas is an author, too, who has delved into the stories of his farm and family in more than 10 books. In his latest, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-mas-masumoto/secret-harvests-separation/\">Secret Harvests\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, Mas writes about the shock of a newly uncovered family secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948227\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948227 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized.jpg\" alt=\"A Japanese American man with white hair and a black zip-up sweatshirt stands in front of a weathered wood barn holding a shovel. He is smiling broadly.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mas with a shovel he likes to use for weeding. ‘This is my classic shovel,’ he says, pointing to where there used to be a point. ‘The land designed it, not me.’ \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I’ve visited the Masumoto farm for years, picking luscious peaches and nectarines in summer. This time, I returned to hear what Mas learned about this hidden story, and how he rediscovered just how resilient his farming family is. Listen to The California Report Magazine to hear Masumoto weave the tale.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nThis story was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Author and farmer David 'Mas' Masumoto thought he knew all there was to know about his family history in California's Central Valley, so he was shocked when he discovered an aunt he didn't know he had.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1683322995,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":216},"headData":{"title":"Farming With Ghosts: David 'Mas' Masumoto Shares How He Learned a Family Secret | KQED","description":"Author and farmer David 'Mas' Masumoto thought he knew all there was to know about his family history in California's Central Valley, so he was shocked when he discovered an aunt he didn't know he had.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/f5cc4f9d-a4c9-4cf2-b213-aff80124feaf/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11948223/farming-with-ghosts-david-mas-masumoto-shares-how-he-learned-a-family-secret","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>David “Mas” Masumoto says he farms with ghosts. On his family’s organic peach, nectarine and grape farm south of Fresno, he points out pruning scars from long-time workers, and walks down rows of trees he planted with his father. He says the labor and lessons of his ancestors are in the soil and the grapevines and orchards, and he’s passing these on to the next generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mas is an author, too, who has delved into the stories of his farm and family in more than 10 books. In his latest, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-mas-masumoto/secret-harvests-separation/\">Secret Harvests\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, Mas writes about the shock of a newly uncovered family secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948227\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948227 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized.jpg\" alt=\"A Japanese American man with white hair and a black zip-up sweatshirt stands in front of a weathered wood barn holding a shovel. He is smiling broadly.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/mas-shovel-sized-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mas with a shovel he likes to use for weeding. ‘This is my classic shovel,’ he says, pointing to where there used to be a point. ‘The land designed it, not me.’ \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I’ve visited the Masumoto farm for years, picking luscious peaches and nectarines in summer. This time, I returned to hear what Mas learned about this hidden story, and how he rediscovered just how resilient his farming family is. Listen to The California Report Magazine to hear Masumoto weave the tale.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nThis story was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11948223/farming-with-ghosts-david-mas-masumoto-shares-how-he-learned-a-family-secret","authors":["3229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"series":["news_17045"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_31720","news_311","news_32689","news_29353"],"featImg":"news_11948225","label":"news_26731"},"news_11948187":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11948187","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11948187","score":null,"sort":[1683118839000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","title":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers","publishDate":1683118839,"format":"standard","headTitle":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]hayne Maupin sat in the front row of the church staring stoically at the projector screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos of his girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their infant son, Nycholas, ticked by: Nycholas playing in a laundry basket, looking up at the camera; Nycholas tucked into his car seat; and Shayne holding hands with Alissa in the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne, 18, wiped his eyes with the sleeve of a red hoodie he had shared with Alissa. He didn’t know their time together as a family would be so brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blue, orange and yellow flowers were arranged on the altar next to a framed photo of Alissa holding Nycholas. Also on the altar: an urn, and plastic children’s toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Shayne’s father, rubbed his son’s head to comfort him before walking onstage to address the funeral audience. He was struggling, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m grateful that my son had fell in love,” he said through tears. “I just wish it would have lasted longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man at a podium inside a church memorial service speaks with a projected photo of a young couple and their baby behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr., father of Shayne Maupin, speaks during the funeral service for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa, 16, and 10-month-old Nycholas were slain Jan. 16 in a mass shooting in Goshen, an unincorporated community bisected by railroad tracks along Highway 99 west of Visalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first of 13 days of gun violence that rocked California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891960/monterey-park-reeling-after-lunar-new-year-massacre\">In Monterey Park\u003c/a>, 11 people died at a dance studio on Jan. 21; the suspected gunman also died, from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. On Jan. 23, seven people were gunned down at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939064/at-least-7-killed-in-half-moon-bay-shooting\">two Half Moon Bay farms\u003c/a>. In Goshen, the violence and concerns about possible cartel involvement shocked neighbors into silence, fearful of retaliation. Almost four months later, loved ones of the victims are still trying to piece together what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers responding to a 911 call on the morning of Jan. 16 immediately found the bodies of Alissa and Nycholas in the street in front of the house where she lived with family. Both were shot in the back of the head, and were the last to be killed in a massacre that claimed six lives. A neighbor recalled seeing Alissa’s body in the predawn light next to an abandoned child’s mattress on the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A row of mourning family members, from teens to older males, sit inside a church. One bows their head with a sad expression as they listen to speakers during a funeral service for their loved ones who've died.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family and friends of Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz listen to speakers during the funeral service. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In surveillance video shown at a police press conference, Alissa is seen running from the house with Nycholas in her arms. She drops him on the other side of a fence before hoisting herself over a chain-link gate. One of the two gunmen follows her, a rifle in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nycholas, who was in foster care for most of his life, had been reunited with Alissa just three days earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of Alissa’s other family members also died in the shooting, including her grandmother, Jennifer Analla; great-grandmother, Rosa Parraz; great-uncle, Eladio Parraz Jr.; and cousin, Marcos Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement were familiar with the Harvest Avenue house, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux told reporters. Deputies executed a search warrant there on Jan. 3. According to Boudreaux, at least two people in the family were Sureño gang members. He said both gunmen were members of the rival Norteño gang and had targeted the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Beard, 25, of Visalia, and Angel Uriarte, 35, of Goshen, were arrested and charged with six counts of murder with special circumstances, among other charges. Both pleaded not guilty.[aside postID=news_11947532 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/GettyImages-1252149086-1020x680.jpg']Valerie Gensel, Shayne’s mother, said no social worker or representative from the sheriff’s office called to notify Shayne of Nycholas’ death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not one cop,” she told KQED. “Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ashley Ritchie said detectives, who were focused on catching the killers, did not immediately know Nycholas’ identity or the identity of his father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months before the shooting, Gensel said, she had concerns about Alissa’s living situation and her grandfather, Martin Pena Parraz, who sometimes stayed at the Harvest Avenue property. Gensel said he had threatened Shayne’s father and verbally attacked Shayne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s deputies conducting a parole compliance check on Parraz on Jan. 3 found his brother, Eladio Parraz Jr., at the house instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Martin and his brother Eladio Parraz are documented Sureño gang members in Tulare County,” a sheriff’s deputy wrote in a report reviewed by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police, a search of a trailer on the property belonging to Parraz Jr. turned up an AR-style rifle with no serial number, a shotgun, a handgun, ammunition, methamphetamine, pipes for smoking meth, body armor and 10 bags of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948215\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man's hand holds a cell phone that displays a photo of himself with a teenage girl and her baby boy who clutches a baby blanket.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr. displays a photo on his cellphone of one of the family’s only visits with his grandson, Nycholas Parraz, in late November 2022. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa and another minor, whose name in the report is redacted, were at the house at the time of the search. Deputies did not contact Child Welfare Services because, according to Ritchie, the drugs and guns were found in the trailer and not in the house, where the minors were. The trailer, one of two on the property, was a “completely different residence from where Alissa was living,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement is required to report suspected child abuse or neglect under the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/info_bulletins/2020-dle-17.pdf?\">Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act\u003c/a>. When asked about the search, Carrie Monteiro, public information officer for the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency, which includes Child Welfare Services, pointed to the law. She declined to answer questions about the case, citing confidentiality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Jan. 13 juvenile court hearing, according to Gensel, a judge decided Nycholas would be returned to live with Alissa full-time in the house. In a March 7 Facebook post, Gensel wrote that Nycholas and Alissa were “failed badly” by law enforcement and the county’s child protection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now,” she wrote, referencing the Maupins’ desire for Shayne and Alissa to share custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948252\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A memorial display set up for a teenage mother and her baby boy is pictured. Candles, photos and baby toys are a part of the memorial.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar set up in the corner of the Maupins’ living room displays photos of Alissa and Nycholas, baby toys and other mementos, on Feb. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the funeral on March 17, relatives, co-workers and friends of the Maupins gathered inside Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, a small town in the remote, high desert of upstate California where Alissa lived before moving to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family wanted answers. Why were Nycholas and Alissa allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no reason to kill [Nycholas],” said Shayne’s grandfather Jim Lee Maupin Sr., who traveled to the service from Oklahoma, where the family has its roots in the Peoria Tribe. “He couldn’t have said a word about them. Even if they let him live, he ain’t going to be able to point them out.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Valerie Gensel, Shayne Maupin’s mother\"]‘Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now.’[/pullquote]Micki Witzel, Shayne’s great-aunt, was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They really need answers to why this even happened,” she said through sobs. “They should never have put that baby back in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shooting, the Maupins said, they had been confronted by Alissa’s family. Some of Alissa’s relatives who live in Alturas appeared at the park where the Maupins were gathered on what would have been Nycholas’ first birthday. It was March 1, and the solemn balloon release was disrupted by revving engines and spinning tires, according to Gensel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It left her questioning how Alissa ended up in Goshen in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have did anything for her if [Child Welfare Services] or the courts asked us if she could stay with us,” Gensel told KQED after the funeral. “We would have opened our arms and our doors to her. We would have gave her [the] life that she wanted and needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘She didn’t want to be there’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alturas is the seat of Modoc County in the northeastern corner of the state. Bordering Oregon and Nevada, Modoc is one of the state’s least populated counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At over 4,000 feet above sea level, Alturas and its desert brush and grazing livestock are covered by a fine snow in winter. Deer meander into yards with pristine views of the snow-capped Warner Mountains. “Where the West Still Lives” is the Alturas motto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948217\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg\" alt='A large, wooden sign in the middle of yellow grass and brush reads \"Welcome to Alturas: Where the West Still Lives.\" A snowy mountain range is seen in the background and a semi truck drives down a country road. Snow is melted on the ground and telephone poles dot the road.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A semi-truck drives past a sign advertising businesses in Alturas on March 17, 2023, with the Warner Mountains in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Antonio’s Cucina Italiana, where Shayne once worked, a funeral program was tacked to a bulletin board. A former co-worker recalled Shayne frequently on the phone in the evenings talking about getting custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this town of 2,700 people that Shayne and Alissa met. They were introduced by Shayne’s younger brother. Shayne, who declined to be interviewed for this story, was 15 and Alissa had just turned 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the funeral, Gensel fondly recalled memories of Alissa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She liked to play. She liked to dress up Shayne,” Gensel, a traveling certified nursing assistant, said of the girl she described as bright and shy. “They’d go to the park to walk. [They’d] have little snacks to take with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948290\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young couple walks in the snow holding hands with their backs toward the camera.\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin and Alissa Parraz walk through Alturas while holding hands in an undated photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The memories flooded back to Gensel, 44, who spoke to KQED at a lodge near her home: Alissa and Shayne jumping on the trampoline in the snow, and Alissa nibbling on snacks “like a little bird” because she was too shy to eat in front of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s adolescence was marked by repeated shuffles among family members in Alturas and the Central Valley, 500 miles away. Police records reviewed by KQED show she had trouble at school: In October 2020, she and another female student fought. Alissa punched the other student several times, according to an incident report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had a sassy attitude. Her mom told me that I wouldn’t be able to handle her,” Gensel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa learned she was pregnant in the summer of 2021. Soon after, she moved to Tulare County to live with her father’s family, Gensel said. Exactly why remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gensel, Alissa’s mother, Shyla Pina, told her that the juvenile court system required Alissa to live with her grandparents after she spent time in juvenile detention for fighting with her younger sister while holding another sibling. But Gensel believes Pina, an Alturas resident, chose to send Alissa away after learning about the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948291\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Deer in the country.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands near downtown Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She never wanted to go down there,” Gensel said. “That was her first words — ‘I don’t want to leave, I don’t want to go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina declined to be interviewed. When reached on Facebook, she ignored a reporter’s question seeking clarity about how Alissa came to live in Goshen with her grandparents. Instead, she wrote: “My daughter is very smart and loving yes she had her ups and down[s] with everything that has happened to her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach other family members were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile courts do send minors to live with family members in other counties in certain situations — for example, the court determining a minor is a danger to their family, or a minor’s living situation is unsafe, Modoc County Chief Probation Officer Stephen Svetich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find that they need to be placed out of home, they could be placed anywhere else in the state,” Svetich said in a phone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Brown and black cows are pictured on a snow-covered field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A herd of cattle in a snow-covered field near Alturas, on Feb. 23, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa had lived in Tulare County as a child. Documents obtained by KQED reveal that in September 2017, a Tulare County court issued a protective order barring contact between Alissa and her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sept. 6, 2017, a police officer responding to a report of suspected child abuse at Freedom Elementary School in Farmersville, a small town east of Visalia, was told an 11-year-old female student in the sixth grade had come to school with scratches on her face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, identified in an arrest report only by her initials, “AP,” told police she lived with her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz, in nearby Woodlake. She said she had lived in a house that was frequently shot at, and that she was used to getting down on the floor and crawling to the back rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did not know if her father was a gang member, and said he likes the color blue, has a tattoo on the back of his head with ‘CFM,’ and tattoos of a 1 and a 3 on each hand forming a 13,” an officer wrote in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The color blue and tattoos with the number 13 are common Sureño identifiers. The Sureños — or Southerners — are a network of street gangs that pledge loyalty to the Mexican Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report, “AP” said she saw her grandfather and father get arrested. She detailed physical abuse, including having her head slammed against a wall, being shoved into a closet and having chili rubbed in her mouth and eyes. She also told police she didn’t feel safe at home and hadn’t seen her mother in three years. Police and social workers immediately removed the student and her siblings from their father’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court records show Alissa’s father told police five months later he was a “Southerner” and a member of CFM, short for Crazy F—’ Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Martin Eulojio Parraz was sentenced to almost 18 years in prison for child abuse, and charges stemming from his role in a gas station robbery. That same year, according to a Tulare County court judgment, Pina was granted custody of Alissa and her siblings; they moved to Alturas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa was back in the Visalia area, living with her father’s side of the family, within about two years. Once again in Tulare County, she posted TikTok videos of herself lip-synching songs in a bedroom and choreographing dance moves with her cousin in a backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948262 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial card for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz hangs at Antonio’s Cucina Italiana in Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shayne used the money he earned working at Antonio’s to buy bus tickets and pay for taxis so he could visit Alissa, and later Nycholas. Sometimes his parents drove him the 500 miles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s grandfather didn’t approve of her relationship with Shayne, and limited the time she could spend with him when he visited, Gensel said. According to Gensel, during one of the first visits, he verbally attacked Shayne because he was wearing the red hoodie he shared with Alissa, the one he later wore to her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gensel said there was also tension between the families because she gave Alissa birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She always asked me to kidnap her or take her home with us,” Gensel said. “She didn’t want to be there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one visit, they circled the block while Alissa waved from the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was scared to leave the yard,” Gensel said. “She was scared her grandfather was going to see her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa’s aunt, Christina Castro, said Alissa had a special relationship with her grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had the cutest way she would say ‘graanpaa,’” said Castro, the mother of Marcos Parraz, who was also killed in the shooting. “She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after Nycholas was born, Tulare County Child Welfare Services placed him in foster care. Boudreaux later told reporters Alissa wasn’t able to provide sufficient care. Alissa was allowed monthly, supervised visits until she was granted full custody on Jan. 13, he said.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Christina Castro, Alissa Parraz’s aunt\"]‘She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.’[/pullquote]The Maupins said they wanted Nycholas to live with them half of the time in Modoc County, but attorneys for Nycholas and Alissa believed nine hours in a car every two weeks would be inappropriate for an infant. Gensel recalled the drive back to Modoc County after the hearing as “sickening, quiet, long.” In the car, the Maupins talked about how they planned to return to Tulare County the following week for their first overnight visit with Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they were killed before we got that chance,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alissa’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@alissaparraz/video/7188731502912474414?_r=1&_t=8b3qjPLhc66\">last TikTok post\u003c/a> on Jan. 14, the words, “Who would sit at your grave the longest?” appeared on the screen, followed by photos of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the morning of Jan. 16, Shayne went to the lodge near the Maupins’ home where he could use the Wi-Fi, and tried calling Alissa. At the same time, a relative of Alissa’s came to the Maupins’ home and informed Shayne’s parents of the shooting. Gensel drove to the lodge and told Shayne to stop dialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no one on the other end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young man with short, brown hair and a red hoodie sits in a row among family inside a church where a funeral is being held for his partner and his baby who were killed in a mass shooting. His face is heartbroken.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin, the father of Nycholas, watches a slideshow of his late girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their child at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, on March 17, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For him to look at me and say, ‘Why, Mom?’ — to have to tell him his family was murdered, to watch his soul walk out of him — hurt so bad,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police records and Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ritchie, in the weeks leading up to the shooting, sheriff’s deputies and a parole officer had been to the house at least four times looking for Parraz, who had an active parole warrant. He was arrested hours after the mass shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 16, Parraz was indicted on federal charges of possession and intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin and being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We’re all lost’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Maupins live in a mobile home park on the edge of a reservoir about 15 minutes outside of Alturas. Aside from the lake, the nearby lodge and a few ranches, the neighborhood is surrounded by desert grass and open sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a day in late February, snow flurries fell on cars parked in the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the Maupins had set up an altar in the corner of their living room. A poster showed photos of Alissa and Nycholas, and a guardian angel candle had been placed next to an urn decorated with an image of trees in the fall. There was also a homemade Father’s Day card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days earlier, Alissa’s family members had shown up at a house where Shayne was hanging out with a friend, Gensel said. After Alissa’s and Nycholas’ deaths, Shayne had been given half of their ashes, and Alissa’s family members were demanding his half. Shayne didn’t go outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s relatives didn’t attend the funeral that Gensel organized at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas. Gensel streamed the service on Facebook for family and others who couldn’t attend. The photo slideshow had a technical glitch and had to be restarted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish Alissas’s family could have been here today. But they’re not. It hurts,” Gensel said onstage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne asked Gensel to keep the flowers from the funeral alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He barely eats,” Gensel said. “He’s just lost. We’re all lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1478px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a memorial site where her loved ones were shot and killed. Votive candles, purple and red bouquets, balloons, and a wooden cross are all positioned on a dirt sidewalk in front of a chain link fence. The woman sits on an abandoned mattress as she stares solemnly at the display.\" width=\"1478\" height=\"1142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg 1478w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-160x124.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1478px) 100vw, 1478px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gensel visits a memorial at the site where Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz were shot and killed in Goshen, on April 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Gensel and their daughter stood where Alissa’s and Nycholas’ bodies were found. They cleared some of the dried grass and adjusted a small, leaning wooden cross so it stood upright. They added an Easter sign, photos and purple, blue, red and white artificial flowers next to the votive candles and bouquets that had dried in the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New cellophane balloons tied to the cross bobbed in the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone that knew what was going on in that house is at fault because we all could have came together and fought for them,” Gensel said. “But we all failed them. Just not the system, but all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In January, 16-year-old Alissa Parraz and her 10-month-old son, Nycholas, were slain in a gang-related mass shooting in the Central Valley town of Goshen. Their family wants to know why the two were allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1683159381,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":85,"wordCount":3718},"headData":{"title":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers | KQED","description":"In January, 16-year-old Alissa Parraz and her 10-month-old son, Nycholas, were slain in a gang-related mass shooting in the Central Valley town of Goshen. Their family wants to know why the two were allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11948187/california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hayne Maupin sat in the front row of the church staring stoically at the projector screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos of his girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their infant son, Nycholas, ticked by: Nycholas playing in a laundry basket, looking up at the camera; Nycholas tucked into his car seat; and Shayne holding hands with Alissa in the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne, 18, wiped his eyes with the sleeve of a red hoodie he had shared with Alissa. He didn’t know their time together as a family would be so brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blue, orange and yellow flowers were arranged on the altar next to a framed photo of Alissa holding Nycholas. Also on the altar: an urn, and plastic children’s toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Shayne’s father, rubbed his son’s head to comfort him before walking onstage to address the funeral audience. He was struggling, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m grateful that my son had fell in love,” he said through tears. “I just wish it would have lasted longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man at a podium inside a church memorial service speaks with a projected photo of a young couple and their baby behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr., father of Shayne Maupin, speaks during the funeral service for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa, 16, and 10-month-old Nycholas were slain Jan. 16 in a mass shooting in Goshen, an unincorporated community bisected by railroad tracks along Highway 99 west of Visalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first of 13 days of gun violence that rocked California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891960/monterey-park-reeling-after-lunar-new-year-massacre\">In Monterey Park\u003c/a>, 11 people died at a dance studio on Jan. 21; the suspected gunman also died, from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. On Jan. 23, seven people were gunned down at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939064/at-least-7-killed-in-half-moon-bay-shooting\">two Half Moon Bay farms\u003c/a>. In Goshen, the violence and concerns about possible cartel involvement shocked neighbors into silence, fearful of retaliation. Almost four months later, loved ones of the victims are still trying to piece together what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers responding to a 911 call on the morning of Jan. 16 immediately found the bodies of Alissa and Nycholas in the street in front of the house where she lived with family. Both were shot in the back of the head, and were the last to be killed in a massacre that claimed six lives. A neighbor recalled seeing Alissa’s body in the predawn light next to an abandoned child’s mattress on the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A row of mourning family members, from teens to older males, sit inside a church. One bows their head with a sad expression as they listen to speakers during a funeral service for their loved ones who've died.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family and friends of Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz listen to speakers during the funeral service. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In surveillance video shown at a police press conference, Alissa is seen running from the house with Nycholas in her arms. She drops him on the other side of a fence before hoisting herself over a chain-link gate. One of the two gunmen follows her, a rifle in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nycholas, who was in foster care for most of his life, had been reunited with Alissa just three days earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of Alissa’s other family members also died in the shooting, including her grandmother, Jennifer Analla; great-grandmother, Rosa Parraz; great-uncle, Eladio Parraz Jr.; and cousin, Marcos Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement were familiar with the Harvest Avenue house, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux told reporters. Deputies executed a search warrant there on Jan. 3. According to Boudreaux, at least two people in the family were Sureño gang members. He said both gunmen were members of the rival Norteño gang and had targeted the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Beard, 25, of Visalia, and Angel Uriarte, 35, of Goshen, were arrested and charged with six counts of murder with special circumstances, among other charges. Both pleaded not guilty.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11947532","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/GettyImages-1252149086-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Valerie Gensel, Shayne’s mother, said no social worker or representative from the sheriff’s office called to notify Shayne of Nycholas’ death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not one cop,” she told KQED. “Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ashley Ritchie said detectives, who were focused on catching the killers, did not immediately know Nycholas’ identity or the identity of his father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months before the shooting, Gensel said, she had concerns about Alissa’s living situation and her grandfather, Martin Pena Parraz, who sometimes stayed at the Harvest Avenue property. Gensel said he had threatened Shayne’s father and verbally attacked Shayne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s deputies conducting a parole compliance check on Parraz on Jan. 3 found his brother, Eladio Parraz Jr., at the house instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Martin and his brother Eladio Parraz are documented Sureño gang members in Tulare County,” a sheriff’s deputy wrote in a report reviewed by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police, a search of a trailer on the property belonging to Parraz Jr. turned up an AR-style rifle with no serial number, a shotgun, a handgun, ammunition, methamphetamine, pipes for smoking meth, body armor and 10 bags of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948215\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man's hand holds a cell phone that displays a photo of himself with a teenage girl and her baby boy who clutches a baby blanket.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr. displays a photo on his cellphone of one of the family’s only visits with his grandson, Nycholas Parraz, in late November 2022. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa and another minor, whose name in the report is redacted, were at the house at the time of the search. Deputies did not contact Child Welfare Services because, according to Ritchie, the drugs and guns were found in the trailer and not in the house, where the minors were. The trailer, one of two on the property, was a “completely different residence from where Alissa was living,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement is required to report suspected child abuse or neglect under the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/info_bulletins/2020-dle-17.pdf?\">Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act\u003c/a>. When asked about the search, Carrie Monteiro, public information officer for the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency, which includes Child Welfare Services, pointed to the law. She declined to answer questions about the case, citing confidentiality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Jan. 13 juvenile court hearing, according to Gensel, a judge decided Nycholas would be returned to live with Alissa full-time in the house. In a March 7 Facebook post, Gensel wrote that Nycholas and Alissa were “failed badly” by law enforcement and the county’s child protection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now,” she wrote, referencing the Maupins’ desire for Shayne and Alissa to share custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948252\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A memorial display set up for a teenage mother and her baby boy is pictured. Candles, photos and baby toys are a part of the memorial.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar set up in the corner of the Maupins’ living room displays photos of Alissa and Nycholas, baby toys and other mementos, on Feb. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the funeral on March 17, relatives, co-workers and friends of the Maupins gathered inside Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, a small town in the remote, high desert of upstate California where Alissa lived before moving to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family wanted answers. Why were Nycholas and Alissa allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no reason to kill [Nycholas],” said Shayne’s grandfather Jim Lee Maupin Sr., who traveled to the service from Oklahoma, where the family has its roots in the Peoria Tribe. “He couldn’t have said a word about them. Even if they let him live, he ain’t going to be able to point them out.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Valerie Gensel, Shayne Maupin’s mother","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Micki Witzel, Shayne’s great-aunt, was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They really need answers to why this even happened,” she said through sobs. “They should never have put that baby back in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shooting, the Maupins said, they had been confronted by Alissa’s family. Some of Alissa’s relatives who live in Alturas appeared at the park where the Maupins were gathered on what would have been Nycholas’ first birthday. It was March 1, and the solemn balloon release was disrupted by revving engines and spinning tires, according to Gensel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It left her questioning how Alissa ended up in Goshen in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have did anything for her if [Child Welfare Services] or the courts asked us if she could stay with us,” Gensel told KQED after the funeral. “We would have opened our arms and our doors to her. We would have gave her [the] life that she wanted and needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘She didn’t want to be there’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alturas is the seat of Modoc County in the northeastern corner of the state. Bordering Oregon and Nevada, Modoc is one of the state’s least populated counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At over 4,000 feet above sea level, Alturas and its desert brush and grazing livestock are covered by a fine snow in winter. Deer meander into yards with pristine views of the snow-capped Warner Mountains. “Where the West Still Lives” is the Alturas motto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948217\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg\" alt='A large, wooden sign in the middle of yellow grass and brush reads \"Welcome to Alturas: Where the West Still Lives.\" A snowy mountain range is seen in the background and a semi truck drives down a country road. Snow is melted on the ground and telephone poles dot the road.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A semi-truck drives past a sign advertising businesses in Alturas on March 17, 2023, with the Warner Mountains in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Antonio’s Cucina Italiana, where Shayne once worked, a funeral program was tacked to a bulletin board. A former co-worker recalled Shayne frequently on the phone in the evenings talking about getting custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this town of 2,700 people that Shayne and Alissa met. They were introduced by Shayne’s younger brother. Shayne, who declined to be interviewed for this story, was 15 and Alissa had just turned 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the funeral, Gensel fondly recalled memories of Alissa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She liked to play. She liked to dress up Shayne,” Gensel, a traveling certified nursing assistant, said of the girl she described as bright and shy. “They’d go to the park to walk. [They’d] have little snacks to take with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948290\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young couple walks in the snow holding hands with their backs toward the camera.\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin and Alissa Parraz walk through Alturas while holding hands in an undated photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The memories flooded back to Gensel, 44, who spoke to KQED at a lodge near her home: Alissa and Shayne jumping on the trampoline in the snow, and Alissa nibbling on snacks “like a little bird” because she was too shy to eat in front of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s adolescence was marked by repeated shuffles among family members in Alturas and the Central Valley, 500 miles away. Police records reviewed by KQED show she had trouble at school: In October 2020, she and another female student fought. Alissa punched the other student several times, according to an incident report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had a sassy attitude. Her mom told me that I wouldn’t be able to handle her,” Gensel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa learned she was pregnant in the summer of 2021. Soon after, she moved to Tulare County to live with her father’s family, Gensel said. Exactly why remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gensel, Alissa’s mother, Shyla Pina, told her that the juvenile court system required Alissa to live with her grandparents after she spent time in juvenile detention for fighting with her younger sister while holding another sibling. But Gensel believes Pina, an Alturas resident, chose to send Alissa away after learning about the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948291\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Deer in the country.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands near downtown Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She never wanted to go down there,” Gensel said. “That was her first words — ‘I don’t want to leave, I don’t want to go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina declined to be interviewed. When reached on Facebook, she ignored a reporter’s question seeking clarity about how Alissa came to live in Goshen with her grandparents. Instead, she wrote: “My daughter is very smart and loving yes she had her ups and down[s] with everything that has happened to her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach other family members were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile courts do send minors to live with family members in other counties in certain situations — for example, the court determining a minor is a danger to their family, or a minor’s living situation is unsafe, Modoc County Chief Probation Officer Stephen Svetich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find that they need to be placed out of home, they could be placed anywhere else in the state,” Svetich said in a phone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Brown and black cows are pictured on a snow-covered field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A herd of cattle in a snow-covered field near Alturas, on Feb. 23, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa had lived in Tulare County as a child. Documents obtained by KQED reveal that in September 2017, a Tulare County court issued a protective order barring contact between Alissa and her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sept. 6, 2017, a police officer responding to a report of suspected child abuse at Freedom Elementary School in Farmersville, a small town east of Visalia, was told an 11-year-old female student in the sixth grade had come to school with scratches on her face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, identified in an arrest report only by her initials, “AP,” told police she lived with her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz, in nearby Woodlake. She said she had lived in a house that was frequently shot at, and that she was used to getting down on the floor and crawling to the back rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did not know if her father was a gang member, and said he likes the color blue, has a tattoo on the back of his head with ‘CFM,’ and tattoos of a 1 and a 3 on each hand forming a 13,” an officer wrote in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The color blue and tattoos with the number 13 are common Sureño identifiers. The Sureños — or Southerners — are a network of street gangs that pledge loyalty to the Mexican Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report, “AP” said she saw her grandfather and father get arrested. She detailed physical abuse, including having her head slammed against a wall, being shoved into a closet and having chili rubbed in her mouth and eyes. She also told police she didn’t feel safe at home and hadn’t seen her mother in three years. Police and social workers immediately removed the student and her siblings from their father’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court records show Alissa’s father told police five months later he was a “Southerner” and a member of CFM, short for Crazy F—’ Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Martin Eulojio Parraz was sentenced to almost 18 years in prison for child abuse, and charges stemming from his role in a gas station robbery. That same year, according to a Tulare County court judgment, Pina was granted custody of Alissa and her siblings; they moved to Alturas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa was back in the Visalia area, living with her father’s side of the family, within about two years. Once again in Tulare County, she posted TikTok videos of herself lip-synching songs in a bedroom and choreographing dance moves with her cousin in a backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948262 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial card for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz hangs at Antonio’s Cucina Italiana in Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shayne used the money he earned working at Antonio’s to buy bus tickets and pay for taxis so he could visit Alissa, and later Nycholas. Sometimes his parents drove him the 500 miles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s grandfather didn’t approve of her relationship with Shayne, and limited the time she could spend with him when he visited, Gensel said. According to Gensel, during one of the first visits, he verbally attacked Shayne because he was wearing the red hoodie he shared with Alissa, the one he later wore to her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gensel said there was also tension between the families because she gave Alissa birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She always asked me to kidnap her or take her home with us,” Gensel said. “She didn’t want to be there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one visit, they circled the block while Alissa waved from the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was scared to leave the yard,” Gensel said. “She was scared her grandfather was going to see her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa’s aunt, Christina Castro, said Alissa had a special relationship with her grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had the cutest way she would say ‘graanpaa,’” said Castro, the mother of Marcos Parraz, who was also killed in the shooting. “She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after Nycholas was born, Tulare County Child Welfare Services placed him in foster care. Boudreaux later told reporters Alissa wasn’t able to provide sufficient care. Alissa was allowed monthly, supervised visits until she was granted full custody on Jan. 13, he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Christina Castro, Alissa Parraz’s aunt","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Maupins said they wanted Nycholas to live with them half of the time in Modoc County, but attorneys for Nycholas and Alissa believed nine hours in a car every two weeks would be inappropriate for an infant. Gensel recalled the drive back to Modoc County after the hearing as “sickening, quiet, long.” In the car, the Maupins talked about how they planned to return to Tulare County the following week for their first overnight visit with Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they were killed before we got that chance,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alissa’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@alissaparraz/video/7188731502912474414?_r=1&_t=8b3qjPLhc66\">last TikTok post\u003c/a> on Jan. 14, the words, “Who would sit at your grave the longest?” appeared on the screen, followed by photos of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the morning of Jan. 16, Shayne went to the lodge near the Maupins’ home where he could use the Wi-Fi, and tried calling Alissa. At the same time, a relative of Alissa’s came to the Maupins’ home and informed Shayne’s parents of the shooting. Gensel drove to the lodge and told Shayne to stop dialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no one on the other end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young man with short, brown hair and a red hoodie sits in a row among family inside a church where a funeral is being held for his partner and his baby who were killed in a mass shooting. His face is heartbroken.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin, the father of Nycholas, watches a slideshow of his late girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their child at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, on March 17, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For him to look at me and say, ‘Why, Mom?’ — to have to tell him his family was murdered, to watch his soul walk out of him — hurt so bad,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police records and Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ritchie, in the weeks leading up to the shooting, sheriff’s deputies and a parole officer had been to the house at least four times looking for Parraz, who had an active parole warrant. He was arrested hours after the mass shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 16, Parraz was indicted on federal charges of possession and intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin and being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We’re all lost’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Maupins live in a mobile home park on the edge of a reservoir about 15 minutes outside of Alturas. Aside from the lake, the nearby lodge and a few ranches, the neighborhood is surrounded by desert grass and open sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a day in late February, snow flurries fell on cars parked in the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the Maupins had set up an altar in the corner of their living room. A poster showed photos of Alissa and Nycholas, and a guardian angel candle had been placed next to an urn decorated with an image of trees in the fall. There was also a homemade Father’s Day card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days earlier, Alissa’s family members had shown up at a house where Shayne was hanging out with a friend, Gensel said. After Alissa’s and Nycholas’ deaths, Shayne had been given half of their ashes, and Alissa’s family members were demanding his half. Shayne didn’t go outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s relatives didn’t attend the funeral that Gensel organized at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas. Gensel streamed the service on Facebook for family and others who couldn’t attend. The photo slideshow had a technical glitch and had to be restarted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish Alissas’s family could have been here today. But they’re not. It hurts,” Gensel said onstage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne asked Gensel to keep the flowers from the funeral alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He barely eats,” Gensel said. “He’s just lost. We’re all lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1478px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a memorial site where her loved ones were shot and killed. Votive candles, purple and red bouquets, balloons, and a wooden cross are all positioned on a dirt sidewalk in front of a chain link fence. The woman sits on an abandoned mattress as she stares solemnly at the display.\" width=\"1478\" height=\"1142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg 1478w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-160x124.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1478px) 100vw, 1478px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gensel visits a memorial at the site where Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz were shot and killed in Goshen, on April 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Gensel and their daughter stood where Alissa’s and Nycholas’ bodies were found. They cleared some of the dried grass and adjusted a small, leaning wooden cross so it stood upright. They added an Easter sign, photos and purple, blue, red and white artificial flowers next to the votive candles and bouquets that had dried in the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New cellophane balloons tied to the cross bobbed in the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone that knew what was going on in that house is at fault because we all could have came together and fought for them,” Gensel said. “But we all failed them. Just not the system, but all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11948187/california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","authors":["11490"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_32704","news_18538","news_311","news_17725","news_86","news_29927","news_18246","news_21721","news_18939","news_3885"],"featImg":"news_11948214","label":"news"},"news_11948072":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11948072","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11948072","score":null,"sort":[1682726204000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"preparing-for-californias-big-melt-aids-lifecycle","title":"Preparing for California's 'Big Melt' | AIDS/LifeCycle","publishDate":1682726204,"format":"video","headTitle":"Preparing for California’s ‘Big Melt’ | AIDS/LifeCycle | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":7052,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cb>Preparing for California’s ‘Big Melt’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This past winter saw waves of atmospheric river storms unleash nearly unprecedented levels of rain on California. And while the storms left a multibillion-dollar trail of damage in their wake, they also finally brought about the end of a years-long drought that had gripped the Golden State. Now as we head toward summer, the water from those same winter storms is gearing up for its next act: “The Big Melt.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dan Brekke, KQED editor and reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gerry D\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">í\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">az, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> newsroom meteorologist \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>AIDS/LifeCycle Race\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The AIDS/LifeCycle kicks off this June, and this year participants will travel from San Francisco to Santa Monica in a seven-day, 545-mile bicycle ride. We talk about the event’s history and why it has long been billed as much more than a race.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tracy Evans, AIDS/LifeCycle senior director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tyler TerMeer, San Francisco AIDS Foundation CEO\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Youth Takeover and Mount Diablo\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, we have a guest host: a high schooler who is a member of KQED’s Youth Advisory Board. All week, KQED has been including young people in our programming, as part of our commitment to education and engaging with our community. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s look at Something Beautiful is Mount Diablo, which is visible from most of the Bay Area. Once there, visitors can opt to picnic at the summit or hike through Rock City. Several Indigenous tribes including the Ohlone, Nisenan, and Miwok consider it sacred ground.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1682726204,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":268},"headData":{"title":"Preparing for California's 'Big Melt' | AIDS/LifeCycle | KQED","description":"Preparing for California's 'Big Melt' This past winter saw waves of atmospheric river storms unleash nearly unprecedented levels of rain on California. And while the storms left a multibillion-dollar trail of damage in their wake, they also finally brought about the end of a years-long drought that had gripped the Golden State. Now as we","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/yLQNXL3-pMQ","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11948072/preparing-for-californias-big-melt-aids-lifecycle","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Preparing for California’s ‘Big Melt’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This past winter saw waves of atmospheric river storms unleash nearly unprecedented levels of rain on California. And while the storms left a multibillion-dollar trail of damage in their wake, they also finally brought about the end of a years-long drought that had gripped the Golden State. Now as we head toward summer, the water from those same winter storms is gearing up for its next act: “The Big Melt.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dan Brekke, KQED editor and reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gerry D\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">í\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">az, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> newsroom meteorologist \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>AIDS/LifeCycle Race\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The AIDS/LifeCycle kicks off this June, and this year participants will travel from San Francisco to Santa Monica in a seven-day, 545-mile bicycle ride. We talk about the event’s history and why it has long been billed as much more than a race.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tracy Evans, AIDS/LifeCycle senior director\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tyler TerMeer, San Francisco AIDS Foundation CEO\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Youth Takeover and Mount Diablo\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week, we have a guest host: a high schooler who is a member of KQED’s Youth Advisory Board. All week, KQED has been including young people in our programming, as part of our commitment to education and engaging with our community. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This week’s look at Something Beautiful is Mount Diablo, which is visible from most of the Bay Area. Once there, visitors can opt to picnic at the summit or hike through Rock City. Several Indigenous tribes including the Ohlone, Nisenan, and Miwok consider it sacred ground.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11948072/preparing-for-californias-big-melt-aids-lifecycle","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_7052"],"categories":["news_223","news_31795","news_19906","news_457","news_8","news_356","news_25641"],"tags":["news_32684","news_32685","news_20447","news_311","news_24620","news_21497","news_2131","news_32298","news_29548","news_4794","news_31335","news_312","news_467","news_20731","news_32686","news_23013"],"featImg":"news_11948076","label":"news_7052"},"news_11943212":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11943212","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11943212","score":null,"sort":[1678492075000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-historic-storms-are-refilling-reservoirs-faster-than-they-can-handle","title":"California's Historic Storms Are Refilling Reservoirs Faster Than They Can Handle","publishDate":1678492075,"format":"standard","headTitle":"CALmatters | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Two winters’ worth of snow has already fallen in the Sierra Nevada since Christmas, pulling California from the depths of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-drought-snow-rain/\">extreme drought\u003c/a> into one of its wettest winters in memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as a series of tropical storms slams the state, that bounty has become a flood risk as warm rains fall on the state’s record snowpack, causing rapid melting and jeopardizing Central Valley towns still soggy from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-floods-sacramento-valley/\">January’s deluges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expected surge of mountain runoff forced state officials on Wednesday to open the “floodgates” of Lake Oroville and other large reservoirs that store water for millions of Southern Californians and Central Valley farms. Releasing the water will make room for the storm’s water and melted snow, prevent the reservoirs from flooding local communities — and send more water downstream, into San Francisco Bay. The increased flows in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta could help \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/02/water-board-waives-environmental-rules-delta-water/\">endangered salmon\u003c/a> migrate to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s the downside? These same storms are prematurely melting a deep and valuable snowpack that ideally would last later into the spring and summer, when farmers and cities need water the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storms have created a tricky situation for officials who manage state and federal reservoirs in California, since they have to juggle the risk of flooding Central Valley communities with the risk of letting too much water go from reservoirs. They must strike a balance between holding enough water in storage, as long as they can, while maintaining room in reservoirs for more water later in the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water management in California is complicated, and it’s made even more complex during these challenging climate conditions where we see swings between very, very dry, very, very wet, back to dry. We’re now back into wet,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11938251 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS62026_GettyImages-1455813510-qut-800x533.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://water.weather.gov/ahps2/index.php?wfo=sto&fcst_timeframe=0¤t_color=all¤t_type=all&fcst_type=obs&conus_map=d_map¢er_point_lat=37.344684825174724¢er_point_lon=-121.66994459472116&default_zoom=8&marker=false\">Rivers in the San Joaquin Valley are forecast to flood today or Saturday.\u003c/a> Eleven locations are expected to reach flood stage, although no “danger stage” flooding is anticipated, according to Jeremy Arrich, deputy director of the Division of Flood Management with the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make room for more water, state and federal officials who manage California’s major dams and reservoirs are releasing water. Some will flow into the ocean — which aggravates many water managers, Central Valley legislators and growers, who often say freshwater that reaches the bay or ocean is wasted. However, efforts are underway to divert much of the released water into \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">depleted groundwater storage basins\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, the Department of Water Resources \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/Blog/2023/Mar-23/Update-on-Lake-Oroville-Operations\">increased outflow of water from Oroville\u003c/a> from about 1,000 cubic feet per second to 3,500 cubic feet per second. By Friday, total releases could be as high as 15,000 cubic feet per second, according to Ted Craddock, deputy director of the State Water Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville is now more than 75% full, containing 2.7 million acre-feet of water — up from less than 1 million in the beginning of December. In spite of releases, the reservoir’s level will keep rising. Craddock said inflow in the next five days could hit 70,000 cubic feet per second. That’s about half a million gallons of water per second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943221\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11943221 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01.jpg\" alt=\"Side-by-side satellite images of a green landscape, with green water in the middle. The lake is not round but rather L-shaped, with the largest area pooling at the fulcrum. Whereas the picture on the left shows an outline of brown shoreline, the picture on the right shows much more green water and a significantly smaller brown shoreline.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite images show how January storms boosted water levels in parched Lake Oroville, one of the state’s largest reservoirs. State officials released water from the reservoir this week in anticipation of another major storm. \u003ccite>(NASA Earth Observatory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2017 Oroville’s levels reached so high that the \u003ca href=\"https://damfailures.org/case-study/oroville-dam-california-2017/\">overflow water damaged its spillway\u003c/a>. An emergency spillway had to be used, eroding a hillside and triggering evacuation of about 200,000 people in nearby communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation announced a similar operational move for Millerton Lake, the reservoir behind Friant Dam on the San Joaquin River, which supplies water to growers throughout the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two-day rainfall totals will be “quite astounding” and “will lead to some really significant runoff,” said State Climatologist Michael Anderson. More storms are expected next week and later in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Ted Craddock, DWR Deputy Director for the State Water Project, being interviewed by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RobMarciano?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@RobMarciano\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ABC?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ABC\u003c/a> on releasing water from the main spillway at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/OrovilleDam?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#OrovilleDam\u003c/a>. This is the second time the new spillway has been used - the first time was in April 2019. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/iWNfYWPNkD\">pic.twitter.com/iWNfYWPNkD\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— CA - DWR (@CA_DWR) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CA_DWR/status/1634336843134291969?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 10, 2023\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-rain-on-snow\">Rain on snow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today’s storm is creating what watershed scientists and weather watchers call a “rain on snow” event. Earlier this winter, freezing elevations hovered as low as 3,000 feet, meaning precipitation above that fell as snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has changed, Anderson said. Freezing levels have risen to as high as 7,000 feet in the southern and central Sierra Nevada, where the bulk of the snowpack has accumulated. A \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=HNX&issuedby=HNX&product=AFD&format=CI&version=1&glossary=1\">National Weather Service forecast\u003c/a> shows freezing elevations even higher, at 9,000 feet, and warned that “snow will melt easily below 5,000 feet,” since it is already approaching the melting point of 32 degrees Fahrenheit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials say the premature snowmelt from this storm likely won’t have much effect on supplies this spring and summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This winter, there has been an accumulation of snow at lower to mid-level elevations, which will experience melt during this storm and will generate runoff into foothill and valley communities,” said David Rizzardo, manager of the state water agency’s hydrology section.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"John Abatzoglou, climatology professor, UC Merced\"]'As you add liquid to the snowpack, it gets denser, it gets warm, and it gets more apt to melt when the next storm comes.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, at higher elevations, where the vast majority of the snowpack is, we will not experience significant melt. Even with higher snow levels above 8,000 feet in these storms, we still anticipate seeing additional snow accumulation at the higher elevations that will add to our snowpack totals, especially in the southern Sierra.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://snri.ucmerced.edu/content/john-abatzoglou\">John Abatzoglou\u003c/a>, a UC Merced professor of climatology, said deep, soft snow has the physical capacity to absorb a great deal of rain. The snow may even freeze the rain, rather than vice versa, effectively increasing the snowpack volume, at least for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you add liquid to the snowpack, it gets denser, it gets warm, and it gets more apt to melt when the next storm comes,” he said, noting that more atmospheric river events are coming next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://calmatters-water-dashboard.netlify.app/graphics/reservoir?initialWidth=780&childId=pym_water-dashboard__reservoirs&parentTitle=California%20storms%20create%20paradox%3A%20Too%20much%20water%20in%20reservoirs%2C%20too%20soon%20%E2%80%93%20CalMatters%20Network&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fcalmatters.network%2F2023%2F03%2F10%2Fcalifornia-storms-create-paradox-too-much-water-in-reservoirs-too-soon%2F\" width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"1815px\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-diverting-underground\">Diverting underground\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the latest storms flood river valleys, state regulators have taken action to capture as much stormwater as possible before it flows into the ocean and use it to recharge groundwater basins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, the State Water Resources Control Board approved a petition from the Bureau of Reclamation to divert 600,000 acre-feet of San Joaquin Valley floodwater into wildlife refuges and groundwater recharge basins. Diversions can begin on March 15 and continue until July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the time it takes for water to reach the downstream point of diversion at Mendota Dam, the approval period will allow for floodwater capture following storms expected this weekend,” the water board explained in a news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action is intended in part to help meet Gov. Gavin Newsom’s goal of increasing groundwater storage by over 500,000 acre-feet per year, spelled out in his \u003ca href=\"https://u7061146.ct.sendgrid.net/ls/click?upn=4tNED-2FM8iDZJQyQ53jATUeFsJD-2BoNEazZLyS0q-2BLWbLNOkUwYXgySahIh8SvNkxRwYMcuvIF8rKx36Gm8usE4cgDcBiShsumKP8Y7U3Re3FoWLcUkMt3qrZiwsUJ6E-2F3LU3cJs0m-2BKP-2FN0RkB5lXWw2gapBT1xcesTG0IPzxrUw-3DSvM9_vzgePtGfZsjUSCqY3X2eA3AGhj2Z3O8hftAJhWEG-2ByM0ahjx1CjKR23n2kejrgw6RrcdCWIviKIMxeUXC3Lp7sO-2BAURivYMUFU2R3JEGckshHNKgZ1PFbbLFMnLV0YUyU-2FTUzFUTIj-2B-2FlxNp6bKp-2BLFP1LXjVNCub7mPWvccLOGJB5G5LBSdew9YNmFZIzFfkKWWiM5hKPxml4ulyByj2TPq3hiMPYh8YGRsQaPv1L720RQlv9GsUk3fC6-2BVO5aVKmoO7wM6NXiu8-2FP9RUcNd5heyRonv8BUvwdWovWNE8Pk0Q-2FKqECvMRRKzSGlDOAZwqogl55U9Ry4AFkjb0Je7ZgfeBuf9bjP-2FTiA-2BCLfqTE-3D\">Water Supply Strategy (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>released last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental groups protested the water board’s action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg Reis, hydrologist with The Bay Institute, said it will allow the bureau to divert all of the San Joaquin River except for 300 cubic feet per second — what he calls “a very, very small” amount of water. Floodwaters, he said, are important for ecosystem function and survival of fish, including threatened spring-run Chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He compared floodwaters in a river to a person’s increased pulse when they exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t get your heart rate up when you exercise, you don’t get the health benefits,” he said. “Same thing for a river. You’ve got to get the flows up, and the 300 cubic feet per second is certainly not adequate for a river like the San Joaquin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As storms melt snowpack, water managers have released supply to prevent reservoirs from overflowing and flooding Central Valley towns, which sends excess water into the ocean. The warm rains melt snow that ideally would last into spring and help with water deliveries.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1678493564,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://calmatters-water-dashboard.netlify.app/graphics/reservoir"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1443},"headData":{"title":"California's Historic Storms Are Refilling Reservoirs Faster Than They Can Handle | KQED","description":"As storms melt snowpack, water managers have released supply to prevent reservoirs from overflowing and flooding Central Valley towns, which sends excess water into the ocean. The warm rains melt snow that ideally would last into spring and help with water deliveries.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"CalMatters","sourceUrl":"https://calmatters.org/","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/alastair-bland/\">Alastair Bland\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11943212/californias-historic-storms-are-refilling-reservoirs-faster-than-they-can-handle","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two winters’ worth of snow has already fallen in the Sierra Nevada since Christmas, pulling California from the depths of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-drought-snow-rain/\">extreme drought\u003c/a> into one of its wettest winters in memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as a series of tropical storms slams the state, that bounty has become a flood risk as warm rains fall on the state’s record snowpack, causing rapid melting and jeopardizing Central Valley towns still soggy from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/01/california-floods-sacramento-valley/\">January’s deluges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expected surge of mountain runoff forced state officials on Wednesday to open the “floodgates” of Lake Oroville and other large reservoirs that store water for millions of Southern Californians and Central Valley farms. Releasing the water will make room for the storm’s water and melted snow, prevent the reservoirs from flooding local communities — and send more water downstream, into San Francisco Bay. The increased flows in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta could help \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/02/water-board-waives-environmental-rules-delta-water/\">endangered salmon\u003c/a> migrate to the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s the downside? These same storms are prematurely melting a deep and valuable snowpack that ideally would last later into the spring and summer, when farmers and cities need water the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storms have created a tricky situation for officials who manage state and federal reservoirs in California, since they have to juggle the risk of flooding Central Valley communities with the risk of letting too much water go from reservoirs. They must strike a balance between holding enough water in storage, as long as they can, while maintaining room in reservoirs for more water later in the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water management in California is complicated, and it’s made even more complex during these challenging climate conditions where we see swings between very, very dry, very, very wet, back to dry. We’re now back into wet,” said Karla Nemeth, director of the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11938251","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/RS62026_GettyImages-1455813510-qut-800x533.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://water.weather.gov/ahps2/index.php?wfo=sto&fcst_timeframe=0¤t_color=all¤t_type=all&fcst_type=obs&conus_map=d_map¢er_point_lat=37.344684825174724¢er_point_lon=-121.66994459472116&default_zoom=8&marker=false\">Rivers in the San Joaquin Valley are forecast to flood today or Saturday.\u003c/a> Eleven locations are expected to reach flood stage, although no “danger stage” flooding is anticipated, according to Jeremy Arrich, deputy director of the Division of Flood Management with the Department of Water Resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make room for more water, state and federal officials who manage California’s major dams and reservoirs are releasing water. Some will flow into the ocean — which aggravates many water managers, Central Valley legislators and growers, who often say freshwater that reaches the bay or ocean is wasted. However, efforts are underway to divert much of the released water into \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">depleted groundwater storage basins\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, the Department of Water Resources \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/Blog/2023/Mar-23/Update-on-Lake-Oroville-Operations\">increased outflow of water from Oroville\u003c/a> from about 1,000 cubic feet per second to 3,500 cubic feet per second. By Friday, total releases could be as high as 15,000 cubic feet per second, according to Ted Craddock, deputy director of the State Water Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville is now more than 75% full, containing 2.7 million acre-feet of water — up from less than 1 million in the beginning of December. In spite of releases, the reservoir’s level will keep rising. Craddock said inflow in the next five days could hit 70,000 cubic feet per second. That’s about half a million gallons of water per second.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11943221\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11943221 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01.jpg\" alt=\"Side-by-side satellite images of a green landscape, with green water in the middle. The lake is not round but rather L-shaped, with the largest area pooling at the fulcrum. Whereas the picture on the left shows an outline of brown shoreline, the picture on the right shows much more green water and a significantly smaller brown shoreline.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CalMattersStormIngest01-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite images show how January storms boosted water levels in parched Lake Oroville, one of the state’s largest reservoirs. State officials released water from the reservoir this week in anticipation of another major storm. \u003ccite>(NASA Earth Observatory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2017 Oroville’s levels reached so high that the \u003ca href=\"https://damfailures.org/case-study/oroville-dam-california-2017/\">overflow water damaged its spillway\u003c/a>. An emergency spillway had to be used, eroding a hillside and triggering evacuation of about 200,000 people in nearby communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation announced a similar operational move for Millerton Lake, the reservoir behind Friant Dam on the San Joaquin River, which supplies water to growers throughout the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two-day rainfall totals will be “quite astounding” and “will lead to some really significant runoff,” said State Climatologist Michael Anderson. More storms are expected next week and later in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Ted Craddock, DWR Deputy Director for the State Water Project, being interviewed by \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RobMarciano?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@RobMarciano\u003c/a> of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ABC?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ABC\u003c/a> on releasing water from the main spillway at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/OrovilleDam?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#OrovilleDam\u003c/a>. This is the second time the new spillway has been used - the first time was in April 2019. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/iWNfYWPNkD\">pic.twitter.com/iWNfYWPNkD\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— CA - DWR (@CA_DWR) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CA_DWR/status/1634336843134291969?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 10, 2023\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-rain-on-snow\">Rain on snow\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today’s storm is creating what watershed scientists and weather watchers call a “rain on snow” event. Earlier this winter, freezing elevations hovered as low as 3,000 feet, meaning precipitation above that fell as snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has changed, Anderson said. Freezing levels have risen to as high as 7,000 feet in the southern and central Sierra Nevada, where the bulk of the snowpack has accumulated. A \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=HNX&issuedby=HNX&product=AFD&format=CI&version=1&glossary=1\">National Weather Service forecast\u003c/a> shows freezing elevations even higher, at 9,000 feet, and warned that “snow will melt easily below 5,000 feet,” since it is already approaching the melting point of 32 degrees Fahrenheit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials say the premature snowmelt from this storm likely won’t have much effect on supplies this spring and summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This winter, there has been an accumulation of snow at lower to mid-level elevations, which will experience melt during this storm and will generate runoff into foothill and valley communities,” said David Rizzardo, manager of the state water agency’s hydrology section.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'As you add liquid to the snowpack, it gets denser, it gets warm, and it gets more apt to melt when the next storm comes.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"John Abatzoglou, climatology professor, UC Merced","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, at higher elevations, where the vast majority of the snowpack is, we will not experience significant melt. Even with higher snow levels above 8,000 feet in these storms, we still anticipate seeing additional snow accumulation at the higher elevations that will add to our snowpack totals, especially in the southern Sierra.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://snri.ucmerced.edu/content/john-abatzoglou\">John Abatzoglou\u003c/a>, a UC Merced professor of climatology, said deep, soft snow has the physical capacity to absorb a great deal of rain. The snow may even freeze the rain, rather than vice versa, effectively increasing the snowpack volume, at least for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you add liquid to the snowpack, it gets denser, it gets warm, and it gets more apt to melt when the next storm comes,” he said, noting that more atmospheric river events are coming next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://calmatters-water-dashboard.netlify.app/graphics/reservoir?initialWidth=780&childId=pym_water-dashboard__reservoirs&parentTitle=California%20storms%20create%20paradox%3A%20Too%20much%20water%20in%20reservoirs%2C%20too%20soon%20%E2%80%93%20CalMatters%20Network&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fcalmatters.network%2F2023%2F03%2F10%2Fcalifornia-storms-create-paradox-too-much-water-in-reservoirs-too-soon%2F\" width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"no\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"1815px\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-diverting-underground\">Diverting underground\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the latest storms flood river valleys, state regulators have taken action to capture as much stormwater as possible before it flows into the ocean and use it to recharge groundwater basins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, the State Water Resources Control Board approved a petition from the Bureau of Reclamation to divert 600,000 acre-feet of San Joaquin Valley floodwater into wildlife refuges and groundwater recharge basins. Diversions can begin on March 15 and continue until July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the time it takes for water to reach the downstream point of diversion at Mendota Dam, the approval period will allow for floodwater capture following storms expected this weekend,” the water board explained in a news release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action is intended in part to help meet Gov. Gavin Newsom’s goal of increasing groundwater storage by over 500,000 acre-feet per year, spelled out in his \u003ca href=\"https://u7061146.ct.sendgrid.net/ls/click?upn=4tNED-2FM8iDZJQyQ53jATUeFsJD-2BoNEazZLyS0q-2BLWbLNOkUwYXgySahIh8SvNkxRwYMcuvIF8rKx36Gm8usE4cgDcBiShsumKP8Y7U3Re3FoWLcUkMt3qrZiwsUJ6E-2F3LU3cJs0m-2BKP-2FN0RkB5lXWw2gapBT1xcesTG0IPzxrUw-3DSvM9_vzgePtGfZsjUSCqY3X2eA3AGhj2Z3O8hftAJhWEG-2ByM0ahjx1CjKR23n2kejrgw6RrcdCWIviKIMxeUXC3Lp7sO-2BAURivYMUFU2R3JEGckshHNKgZ1PFbbLFMnLV0YUyU-2FTUzFUTIj-2B-2FlxNp6bKp-2BLFP1LXjVNCub7mPWvccLOGJB5G5LBSdew9YNmFZIzFfkKWWiM5hKPxml4ulyByj2TPq3hiMPYh8YGRsQaPv1L720RQlv9GsUk3fC6-2BVO5aVKmoO7wM6NXiu8-2FP9RUcNd5heyRonv8BUvwdWovWNE8Pk0Q-2FKqECvMRRKzSGlDOAZwqogl55U9Ry4AFkjb0Je7ZgfeBuf9bjP-2FTiA-2BCLfqTE-3D\">Water Supply Strategy (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>released last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental groups protested the water board’s action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greg Reis, hydrologist with The Bay Institute, said it will allow the bureau to divert all of the San Joaquin River except for 300 cubic feet per second — what he calls “a very, very small” amount of water. Floodwaters, he said, are important for ecosystem function and survival of fish, including threatened spring-run Chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He compared floodwaters in a river to a person’s increased pulse when they exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t get your heart rate up when you exercise, you don’t get the health benefits,” he said. “Same thing for a river. You’ve got to get the flows up, and the 300 cubic feet per second is certainly not adequate for a river like the San Joaquin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11943212/californias-historic-storms-are-refilling-reservoirs-faster-than-they-can-handle","authors":["byline_news_11943212"],"categories":["news_31795","news_8","news_356"],"tags":["news_5725","news_18538","news_31961","news_311","news_21497","news_4175","news_20509","news_20559","news_30125","news_464","news_3187","news_4747","news_30441","news_467","news_32268"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11943246","label":"source_news_11943212"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. 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