How a Berkeley Police Chief Gave Rise to the Modern Force
Berkeley Residents and Officials Practice Wildfire Evacuation for the First Time
Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations
University of California Police ‘Looking Into’ Viral Hot Dog Vendor Video
Berkeley's Police Chief Answers Questions on Protests, Tear Gas Use
‘Pizza Delivery’ Police Nab Armed Robbers in Berkeley
Berkeley Aims to Tackle Alleged Racial Profiling By Collecting Better Data
Berkeley City Council Considers Surveillance Camera Police Registry
Berkeley Death in Police Custody Was Accidental, Probe Concludes
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(Mike Mozart/Berkeleyside)","credit":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/video-recording.jpg","width":720,"height":459}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_news_11616239":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_news_11616239","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_news_11616239","name":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/emilie/\">Emilie Raguso\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","isLoading":false},"byline_news_10402266":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_news_10402266","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_news_10402266","name":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/berkeleyside-editors/\">Berkeleyside Editors\u003c/a>\u003cbr>Berkeleyside\u003c/br>","isLoading":false},"byline_news_10356235":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_news_10356235","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_news_10356235","name":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/emilie/\" target=\"_blank\">Emilie Raguso\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Berkeleyside","isLoading":false},"katrinaschwartz":{"type":"authors","id":"234","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"234","found":true},"name":"Katrina Schwartz","firstName":"Katrina","lastName":"Schwartz","slug":"katrinaschwartz","email":"kschwartz@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Producer","bio":"Katrina Schwartz is a journalist based in San Francisco. 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He has broken major stories about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/135682/amid-a-series-of-vallejo-police-shootings-one-officers-name-stands-out\">police use of deadly force\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10454955/racist-texts-prompt-sfpd-internal-investigation\">officer misconduct\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\">other\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11221414/hayward-paid-159000-to-husband-of-retired-police-chief-documents-show\">high\u003c/a>-\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10622762/the-forgotten-tracking-two-homicides-in-san-francisco-public-housing\">profile\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11624516/federal-agency-promoted-ranger-just-months-after-his-gun-was-stolen-and-used-in-steinle-killing\">cases\u003c/a>. 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She primarily covers tech and housing. Sonja is a Bay Area native and now lives in San Francisco. When she's not working, you can find her camping, skiing, scuba diving, and struggling with the New York Times Crossword. Email: \u003ca href=\"mailto:shutson@kqed.org\">shutson@kqed.org. \u003c/a>Twitter: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SonjaHutson\">@SonjaHutson\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7537c5e36818614e599b6c0f41d72b7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"SonjaHutson","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sonja Hutson | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7537c5e36818614e599b6c0f41d72b7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7537c5e36818614e599b6c0f41d72b7a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/shutson"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11847612":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11847612","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11847612","score":null,"sort":[1605783637000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"who-was-august-vollmer-and-is-he-responsible-for-the-modern-police-force","title":"How a Berkeley Police Chief Gave Rise to the Modern Force","publishDate":1605783637,"format":"image","headTitle":"How a Berkeley Police Chief Gave Rise to the Modern Force | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":33523,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Conversations about reforming American policing have been percolating for years, but they came rushing to the forefront in May 2020, after Minneapolis police officers killed George Floyd. Protesters around the world took to the streets calling for justice and police accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of protests were peaceful, and many police responded professionally. But there were also violent clashes. Multiple videos began circulating showing startling violence by police against protesters. Police armed with tasers, guns and batons, decked out in riot gear, bulletproof vests and helmets performed flanking maneuvers around crowds of screaming people. They beat unarmed civilians, fired tear gas at close range and shot people with bean bag bullets. All this only served to sharpen critiques of the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Blake Schmidt watched the violence unfold in our public squares and decided he needed to become more educated about the history of policing. While reading “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2020/06/03/457251670/how-much-do-we-need-the-police\">The End of Policing\u003c/a>” by Alex Vitale, Blake came across a man from Berkeley named August Vollmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s credited with being the ‘Father of Modern Policing,’ ” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That information stopped Blake in his tracks. He’s always thought of Berkeley as a liberal bubble, a place where progressive reforms start. Could Berkeley really be responsible for the type of militarization he was seeing on the streets?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like we put this militarization in front and we say we’re just going to squash it with tear gas and force. Clearly, there’s a lot of issues with doing that. And is that what Vollmer had envisioned?” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Making of August Vollmer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2054px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847617\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Photos of the 10 men who made up the Berkeley Police Department in 1905 when August Vollmer was elected town marshal.\" width=\"2054\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-scaled.jpg 2054w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-800x997.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-160x199.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1232x1536.jpg 1232w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1643x2048.jpg 1643w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1920x2393.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2054px) 100vw, 2054px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Berkeley Police Department only had 10 men in 1905 when August Vollmer was elected town marshal. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/Historical_Unit.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>August Vollmer was born in New Orleans in 1876, but moved with his mother first to San Francisco and then to Berkeley in the 1890s. Towards the end of that decade, Vollmer went off to fight in the Spanish-American War in the Philippines. It was there that he learned many of the tactics he would later apply to policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Vollmer first returned from fighting overseas he wasn’t thinking about becoming a cop. He was a mail carrier in Berkeley. One day while he was delivering the mail, he noticed a runaway railroad car careening down Shattuck Avenue towards a station where a crowd of people were waiting. Vollmer ran, jumped on the renegade train car and stopped it before it crashed into the crowd. This feat won him some local press, and soon Berkeley’s elite were asking him to run for town marshal, the top cop at the time. He won the election and took office in 1905.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847626\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847626\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1020x1279.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait of August Vollmer sitting at his desk wearing a dark uniform and his chief's hat.\" width=\"640\" height=\"803\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1020x1279.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-800x1003.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-160x201.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1225x1536.jpg 1225w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1634x2048.jpg 1634w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1920x2407.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-scaled.jpg 2042w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer wearing his chief’s hat. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This was a moment in the history of American policing called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitypolicing.com/history-of-policing\">Political Era\u003c/a>. Police were entirely beholden to whoever held political power. They did what the mayor told them, whether it was garnering good will by reuniting lost children with their parents, breaking up strikes or dragging people to the polls and telling them \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/boss-tweed-delivered-to-authorities\">how to vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whole entire police departments are beholden to certain mayors or certain political parties,” said \u003ca href=\"https://gspp.berkeley.edu/directories/phd-students/perfecta-oxholm\">Perfecta Oxholm\u003c/a>, a public policy doctoral student at UC Berkeley who studies policing. “There’s a lot of corruption because they’re also not paid very well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police often took bribes. They weren’t very well educated. And they regularly beat people they detained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>August Vollmer didn’t stand for any of that when he took over Berkeley’s police force. He set about reforming his little Police Department 20 years before it was common, setting a new tone in policing that began to spread across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He institutes training academies,” Oxholm said. “He very much values formal education for police officers, whereas before, that wasn’t a part of the job requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1310px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847618\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b-.jpg\" alt=\"August Vollmer pioneered regular training for his officers. Here police officers listen to a lecture held at Berkeley City Hall in 1935.\" width=\"1310\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b-.jpg 1310w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--800x597.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--1020x761.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--160x119.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1310px) 100vw, 1310px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer pioneered regular training for his officers. Here police officers listen to a lecture held at Berkeley City Hall in 1935. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/Historical_Unit.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vollmer recruited officers from UC Berkeley. Several of his proteges entered the force through this route and went on to become police chiefs in cities all over the country. One of them, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/cabeuroh_000191/cabeuroh_000191_t01_a_access.mp3\">John Holstrom\u003c/a>, was interviewed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lib.berkeley.edu/libraries/bancroft-library/oral-history-center\">Oral History Center at the Bancroft Library\u003c/a> as part of \u003ca href=\"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/rohoia/ucb/text/augustvollmer01vollrich.pdf\">a project on Vollmer’s legacy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let me just give you some things that I choose to call Vollmerisms,” Holstrom said. “ ‘Kill them with kindness.’ ‘Never hit a person, except in self-defense; if you do, you have just resigned.’ ‘There could be more fair justice distributed at the curbstone than in some of the highest courts.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holstrom, and many other former colleagues, say Vollmer was an upright, moral person \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">whose aim was to make policing more respectable and professional\u003c/a>. How he did that, however, is where his legacy becomes murkier.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Influence of War\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After the American military drove the Spanish out of the Philippines in 1899, the U.S. tried to take over the Philippines for itself. But the Filipino people did not want to be colonial subjects of the United States, so they continued to fight a war of independence against the U.S. military. It was a brutal war in which at least 200,000 Filipino people died, but some estimates put the death toll at almost 1 million people. Filipino independence fighters fought a guerrilla war for three years, forcing the U.S. army to develop new tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Filipino insurgents were out in the jungles and the plains of Central Luzon in the Philippines,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.uchicago.edu/directory/julian-go\">Julian Go\u003c/a>, professor of sociology at the University of Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the U.S. military collected intelligence from spies about where fighters were hiding and sent mobile units on horseback to hunt them down in the jungle. They mapped the locations of insurgent attacks and tried to predict where the next attack would be. Vollmer learned these tactics and brought them back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vollmer took that same idea and said, criminals are kind of like Filipino insurgents,” Go said. “They’re hidden throughout the city. There’s going to be outbreaks, and just as we did in the Philippines, we have to concentrate our force and quickly mobilize to these areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"773\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-800x242.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1020x308.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-160x48.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1536x464.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-2048x619.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1920x580.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer put his officers on bicycles so they could patrol a larger area and respond to crimes more quickly. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of Vollmer’s most famous innovations — putting police first on bicycles and then in cars as mobile units that could respond quickly to crimes in a larger region — came from a similar strategy used in the war. And, Go argues, the imperialist and racist attitudes that led the Americans to invade the Philippines in the first place came home with Vollmer, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The justification for U.S. colonialism was racialized,” Go said. “It was that whites are superior to nonwhites. The Filipinos are rebellious children. They are violent or prone to criminality. Now, when Vollmer applies these tactics to the U.S., the group of people that he thinks about, when he’s thinking about criminals, are not white criminals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While doing research for his paper \u003ca href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/708464?af=R&mobileUi=0\">“The Imperial Origins of American Policing: Militarization and Imperial Feedback in the Early 20th Century,”\u003c/a> Go came across documents showing that Berkeley elites had racist views and hired August Vollmer specifically for his experience fighting Asians overseas. Go writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Prior to Vollmer’s rise as chief, the Berkeley community had been lamenting the influx of Chinese from other parts of the state. In their view, they created a culture where ‘crooks, gamblers, opium addicts’ reigned. Vollmer, upon returning from the Philippines, was thereby urged by his friends in city hall to take the job, who reportedly told him, ‘It will be a fighting job for whoever takes it. That’s why we want you, Gus. You were a pretty good fighting man when you went up against those gugus [a racial epithet for Filipinos] over in the islands.’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Go goes on to write that one of Vollmer’s first actions as police chief was to lead a mobile squad to raid Chinese-owned opium dens and gambling parlors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vollmer also brought back intelligence gathering techniques and crime mapping, which led to over-policing certain neighborhoods. Beyond these concrete tactics, Vollmer believed the military was a good model for policing, that it would help professionalize the force. He pushed for policemen to wear uniforms, to be organized in ranks, and created police academies modeled on military training academies. He was also interested in modernizing the force by implementing new technologies like radios in squad cars, fingerprinting and lie detector tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Police Maintain Power Structures\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vollmer is revered in policing circles for ushering in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitypolicing.com/history-of-policing\">Professional Era\u003c/a> of policing. He was systematic, methodical and wrote about his ideas copiously. But he also helped to mold the modern police force in the image of the military, both in tactics and mindsets. While fighting in the Philippines he learned an “us versus them” mentality, which he applied to U.S citizens back home. On top of that, the power structure Vollmer worked to enforce \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police\">was racist and always has been\u003c/a>, says Perfecta Oxholm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since police forces were created in the United States, there’s been a model for the white population, or the population that would come to know itself as white, and then the racialized other,” Oxholm explained. “And that group is different in every location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American South, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police\">first police forces were slave patrols\u003c/a>. In the Northeast, when Irish and German immigrants were moving to the U.S and bringing their cultural practices around alcohol with them, the police cracked down. In the west, the groups without power were Native American, Mexican and Asian people, often of Chinese ancestry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What Vollmer did is just continue that model with new means,” Oxholm said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, Can Modern Policing Be Traced Back to Vollmer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847628\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1020x831.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Police Department motorcycle squad, 1912\" width=\"640\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1020x831.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-800x652.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-160x130.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1536x1251.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-2048x1668.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1920x1564.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Police Department motorcycle squad, 1912. \u003ccite>(Courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In some ways, yes. He helped militarize the police long before they had \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/issues/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police/police-militarization\">access to military-grade weaponry\u003c/a>, armor and tanks. The reforms Vollmer modeled in Berkeley soon spread across the country, where many other veterans of wars had become policemen. And, Vollmer saw merit in \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/germany/eugenics\">eugenics\u003c/a> — a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/scitable/forums/genetics-generation/america-s-hidden-history-the-eugenics-movement-123919444/\">beliefs and practices\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics\">aim to improve the genetic quality\u003c/a> of the human population with selective breeding — for fighting crime.* When he helped start a criminology department at UC Berkeley, eugenics was part of the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Vollmer may not have invented the tear gas that police use on protesters today, he did embrace new technologies for policing. He also laid a respectable, bureaucratic foundation for police departments that legitimized much of what came after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech delivered to an audience of police, Vollmer said, “For years, ever since Spanish-American War days, I’ve studied military tactics and used them to good effect in rounding up crooks. After all we’re conducting a war, a war against the enemies of society.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Vollmer’s Death\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vollmer retired from the Berkeley Police Department in 1932. Over his several decades of service he did a lot to transform policing. He also garnered a lot of press coverage, which helped his ideas spread. He served as the president of the International Association of Police Chiefs and is said to have advised the FBI on intelligence gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847623\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-1020x1275.png\" alt=\"Vollmer's obituary\" width=\"640\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-1020x1275.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-800x1000.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-160x200.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM.png 1088w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vollmer’s obituary. \u003ccite>(The San Bernadino Sun)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of his life, Vollmer was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and cancer. Friends report he was in a lot of pain. On Nov. 4, 1955, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14229779/august-vollmer-suicide/\">he told his housekeeper\u003c/a>, “I’m going to shoot myself. Call the Berkeley police.” Then he stepped outside and did so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a peak in the East Bay hills named for Vollmer. It commemorates his role as one of the first directors of the East Bay Regional Parks District and his commitment to the outdoors. But recently the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Berkeley-Vollmer-Peak-police-chief-eugenics-15597927.php\">Berkeley City Council wrote a letter \u003c/a>to the East Bay Regional Parks District requesting they change the name because of Vollmer’s history with eugenics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are interested in reading more about August Vollmer, he was a prolific writer and saved his correspondence. There’s also a biography of his life and work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/August-Vollmer-Father-American-Policing/dp/1611635594\">August Vollmer: The Father of Modern Policing\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, by Willard M. Oliver\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>The Police and Modern Society: Plain Talk Based on Practical Experience\u003c/em>, by August Vollmer\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*This post has been updated to include a more expanded definition of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics\">eugenics\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"August Vollmer was Berkeley's first police chief and is credited with pioneering many common aspects of policing used today. Like many historical figures, however, some of his contributions have a darker side too.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700589150,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":true,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":2197},"headData":{"title":"How a Berkeley Police Chief Gave Rise to the Modern Force | KQED","description":"August Vollmer was Berkeley's first police chief and is credited with pioneering many common aspects of policing used today. Like many historical figures, however, some of his contributions have a darker side too.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How a Berkeley Police Chief Gave Rise to the Modern Force","datePublished":"2020-11-19T11:00:37.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-21T17:52:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7937573612.mp3","path":"/news/11847612/who-was-august-vollmer-and-is-he-responsible-for-the-modern-police-force","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Conversations about reforming American policing have been percolating for years, but they came rushing to the forefront in May 2020, after Minneapolis police officers killed George Floyd. Protesters around the world took to the streets calling for justice and police accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of protests were peaceful, and many police responded professionally. But there were also violent clashes. Multiple videos began circulating showing startling violence by police against protesters. Police armed with tasers, guns and batons, decked out in riot gear, bulletproof vests and helmets performed flanking maneuvers around crowds of screaming people. They beat unarmed civilians, fired tear gas at close range and shot people with bean bag bullets. All this only served to sharpen critiques of the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Blake Schmidt watched the violence unfold in our public squares and decided he needed to become more educated about the history of policing. While reading “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2020/06/03/457251670/how-much-do-we-need-the-police\">The End of Policing\u003c/a>” by Alex Vitale, Blake came across a man from Berkeley named August Vollmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s credited with being the ‘Father of Modern Policing,’ ” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That information stopped Blake in his tracks. He’s always thought of Berkeley as a liberal bubble, a place where progressive reforms start. Could Berkeley really be responsible for the type of militarization he was seeing on the streets?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems like we put this militarization in front and we say we’re just going to squash it with tear gas and force. Clearly, there’s a lot of issues with doing that. And is that what Vollmer had envisioned?” Blake said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Making of August Vollmer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2054px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847617\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Photos of the 10 men who made up the Berkeley Police Department in 1905 when August Vollmer was elected town marshal.\" width=\"2054\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-scaled.jpg 2054w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-800x997.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-160x199.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1232x1536.jpg 1232w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1643x2048.jpg 1643w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1905-Berkeley-Marshals-Cropped-032213-1920x2393.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2054px) 100vw, 2054px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Berkeley Police Department only had 10 men in 1905 when August Vollmer was elected town marshal. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/Historical_Unit.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>August Vollmer was born in New Orleans in 1876, but moved with his mother first to San Francisco and then to Berkeley in the 1890s. Towards the end of that decade, Vollmer went off to fight in the Spanish-American War in the Philippines. It was there that he learned many of the tactics he would later apply to policing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Vollmer first returned from fighting overseas he wasn’t thinking about becoming a cop. He was a mail carrier in Berkeley. One day while he was delivering the mail, he noticed a runaway railroad car careening down Shattuck Avenue towards a station where a crowd of people were waiting. Vollmer ran, jumped on the renegade train car and stopped it before it crashed into the crowd. This feat won him some local press, and soon Berkeley’s elite were asking him to run for town marshal, the top cop at the time. He won the election and took office in 1905.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847626\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847626\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1020x1279.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait of August Vollmer sitting at his desk wearing a dark uniform and his chief's hat.\" width=\"640\" height=\"803\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1020x1279.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-800x1003.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-160x201.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1225x1536.jpg 1225w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1634x2048.jpg 1634w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-1920x2407.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Vollmer-008-In-Dark-Uniform-With-Military-Style-Chief-Cap-scaled.jpg 2042w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer wearing his chief’s hat. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This was a moment in the history of American policing called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitypolicing.com/history-of-policing\">Political Era\u003c/a>. Police were entirely beholden to whoever held political power. They did what the mayor told them, whether it was garnering good will by reuniting lost children with their parents, breaking up strikes or dragging people to the polls and telling them \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/boss-tweed-delivered-to-authorities\">how to vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whole entire police departments are beholden to certain mayors or certain political parties,” said \u003ca href=\"https://gspp.berkeley.edu/directories/phd-students/perfecta-oxholm\">Perfecta Oxholm\u003c/a>, a public policy doctoral student at UC Berkeley who studies policing. “There’s a lot of corruption because they’re also not paid very well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police often took bribes. They weren’t very well educated. And they regularly beat people they detained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>August Vollmer didn’t stand for any of that when he took over Berkeley’s police force. He set about reforming his little Police Department 20 years before it was common, setting a new tone in policing that began to spread across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He institutes training academies,” Oxholm said. “He very much values formal education for police officers, whereas before, that wasn’t a part of the job requirements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1310px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847618\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b-.jpg\" alt=\"August Vollmer pioneered regular training for his officers. Here police officers listen to a lecture held at Berkeley City Hall in 1935.\" width=\"1310\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b-.jpg 1310w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--800x597.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--1020x761.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/BPDTrng3b--160x119.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1310px) 100vw, 1310px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer pioneered regular training for his officers. Here police officers listen to a lecture held at Berkeley City Hall in 1935. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/Historical_Unit.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vollmer recruited officers from UC Berkeley. Several of his proteges entered the force through this route and went on to become police chiefs in cities all over the country. One of them, \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/cabeuroh_000191/cabeuroh_000191_t01_a_access.mp3\">John Holstrom\u003c/a>, was interviewed by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lib.berkeley.edu/libraries/bancroft-library/oral-history-center\">Oral History Center at the Bancroft Library\u003c/a> as part of \u003ca href=\"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/rohoia/ucb/text/augustvollmer01vollrich.pdf\">a project on Vollmer’s legacy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let me just give you some things that I choose to call Vollmerisms,” Holstrom said. “ ‘Kill them with kindness.’ ‘Never hit a person, except in self-defense; if you do, you have just resigned.’ ‘There could be more fair justice distributed at the curbstone than in some of the highest courts.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holstrom, and many other former colleagues, say Vollmer was an upright, moral person \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">whose aim was to make policing more respectable and professional\u003c/a>. How he did that, however, is where his legacy becomes murkier.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Influence of War\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After the American military drove the Spanish out of the Philippines in 1899, the U.S. tried to take over the Philippines for itself. But the Filipino people did not want to be colonial subjects of the United States, so they continued to fight a war of independence against the U.S. military. It was a brutal war in which at least 200,000 Filipino people died, but some estimates put the death toll at almost 1 million people. Filipino independence fighters fought a guerrilla war for three years, forcing the U.S. army to develop new tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Filipino insurgents were out in the jungles and the plains of Central Luzon in the Philippines,” said \u003ca href=\"https://sociology.uchicago.edu/directory/julian-go\">Julian Go\u003c/a>, professor of sociology at the University of Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the U.S. military collected intelligence from spies about where fighters were hiding and sent mobile units on horseback to hunt them down in the jungle. They mapped the locations of insurgent attacks and tried to predict where the next attack would be. Vollmer learned these tactics and brought them back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vollmer took that same idea and said, criminals are kind of like Filipino insurgents,” Go said. “They’re hidden throughout the city. There’s going to be outbreaks, and just as we did in the Philippines, we have to concentrate our force and quickly mobilize to these areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11847621\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"773\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-800x242.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1020x308.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-160x48.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1536x464.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-2048x619.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/1910-to-1912-Bike-Patrol-1920x580.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">August Vollmer put his officers on bicycles so they could patrol a larger area and respond to crimes more quickly. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of Vollmer’s most famous innovations — putting police first on bicycles and then in cars as mobile units that could respond quickly to crimes in a larger region — came from a similar strategy used in the war. And, Go argues, the imperialist and racist attitudes that led the Americans to invade the Philippines in the first place came home with Vollmer, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The justification for U.S. colonialism was racialized,” Go said. “It was that whites are superior to nonwhites. The Filipinos are rebellious children. They are violent or prone to criminality. Now, when Vollmer applies these tactics to the U.S., the group of people that he thinks about, when he’s thinking about criminals, are not white criminals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While doing research for his paper \u003ca href=\"https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/708464?af=R&mobileUi=0\">“The Imperial Origins of American Policing: Militarization and Imperial Feedback in the Early 20th Century,”\u003c/a> Go came across documents showing that Berkeley elites had racist views and hired August Vollmer specifically for his experience fighting Asians overseas. Go writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Prior to Vollmer’s rise as chief, the Berkeley community had been lamenting the influx of Chinese from other parts of the state. In their view, they created a culture where ‘crooks, gamblers, opium addicts’ reigned. Vollmer, upon returning from the Philippines, was thereby urged by his friends in city hall to take the job, who reportedly told him, ‘It will be a fighting job for whoever takes it. That’s why we want you, Gus. You were a pretty good fighting man when you went up against those gugus [a racial epithet for Filipinos] over in the islands.’\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Go goes on to write that one of Vollmer’s first actions as police chief was to lead a mobile squad to raid Chinese-owned opium dens and gambling parlors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vollmer also brought back intelligence gathering techniques and crime mapping, which led to over-policing certain neighborhoods. Beyond these concrete tactics, Vollmer believed the military was a good model for policing, that it would help professionalize the force. He pushed for policemen to wear uniforms, to be organized in ranks, and created police academies modeled on military training academies. He was also interested in modernizing the force by implementing new technologies like radios in squad cars, fingerprinting and lie detector tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Police Maintain Power Structures\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vollmer is revered in policing circles for ushering in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitypolicing.com/history-of-policing\">Professional Era\u003c/a> of policing. He was systematic, methodical and wrote about his ideas copiously. But he also helped to mold the modern police force in the image of the military, both in tactics and mindsets. While fighting in the Philippines he learned an “us versus them” mentality, which he applied to U.S citizens back home. On top of that, the power structure Vollmer worked to enforce \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police\">was racist and always has been\u003c/a>, says Perfecta Oxholm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since police forces were created in the United States, there’s been a model for the white population, or the population that would come to know itself as white, and then the racialized other,” Oxholm explained. “And that group is different in every location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American South, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/07/20/the-invention-of-the-police\">first police forces were slave patrols\u003c/a>. In the Northeast, when Irish and German immigrants were moving to the U.S and bringing their cultural practices around alcohol with them, the police cracked down. In the west, the groups without power were Native American, Mexican and Asian people, often of Chinese ancestry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What Vollmer did is just continue that model with new means,” Oxholm said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So, Can Modern Policing Be Traced Back to Vollmer?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847628\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847628\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1020x831.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Police Department motorcycle squad, 1912\" width=\"640\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1020x831.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-800x652.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-160x130.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1536x1251.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-2048x1668.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Motorcycle-Squad-Berkeley-Police-Department-1912-1920x1564.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Police Department motorcycle squad, 1912. \u003ccite>(Courtesy \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Police/Home/History_The_Earliest_Years_1905-1925.aspx\">Berkeley Police Department Historical Unit\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In some ways, yes. He helped militarize the police long before they had \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/issues/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police/police-militarization\">access to military-grade weaponry\u003c/a>, armor and tanks. The reforms Vollmer modeled in Berkeley soon spread across the country, where many other veterans of wars had become policemen. And, Vollmer saw merit in \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/germany/eugenics\">eugenics\u003c/a> — a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/scitable/forums/genetics-generation/america-s-hidden-history-the-eugenics-movement-123919444/\">beliefs and practices\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics\">aim to improve the genetic quality\u003c/a> of the human population with selective breeding — for fighting crime.* When he helped start a criminology department at UC Berkeley, eugenics was part of the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Vollmer may not have invented the tear gas that police use on protesters today, he did embrace new technologies for policing. He also laid a respectable, bureaucratic foundation for police departments that legitimized much of what came after.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a speech delivered to an audience of police, Vollmer said, “For years, ever since Spanish-American War days, I’ve studied military tactics and used them to good effect in rounding up crooks. After all we’re conducting a war, a war against the enemies of society.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Vollmer’s Death\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vollmer retired from the Berkeley Police Department in 1932. Over his several decades of service he did a lot to transform policing. He also garnered a lot of press coverage, which helped his ideas spread. He served as the president of the International Association of Police Chiefs and is said to have advised the FBI on intelligence gathering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11847623\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-1020x1275.png\" alt=\"Vollmer's obituary\" width=\"640\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-1020x1275.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-800x1000.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM-160x200.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Screen-Shot-2020-11-16-at-7.58.43-AM.png 1088w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vollmer’s obituary. \u003ccite>(The San Bernadino Sun)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of his life, Vollmer was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and cancer. Friends report he was in a lot of pain. On Nov. 4, 1955, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14229779/august-vollmer-suicide/\">he told his housekeeper\u003c/a>, “I’m going to shoot myself. Call the Berkeley police.” Then he stepped outside and did so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a peak in the East Bay hills named for Vollmer. It commemorates his role as one of the first directors of the East Bay Regional Parks District and his commitment to the outdoors. But recently the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Berkeley-Vollmer-Peak-police-chief-eugenics-15597927.php\">Berkeley City Council wrote a letter \u003c/a>to the East Bay Regional Parks District requesting they change the name because of Vollmer’s history with eugenics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are interested in reading more about August Vollmer, he was a prolific writer and saved his correspondence. There’s also a biography of his life and work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/August-Vollmer-Father-American-Policing/dp/1611635594\">August Vollmer: The Father of Modern Policing\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, by Willard M. Oliver\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>The Police and Modern Society: Plain Talk Based on Practical Experience\u003c/em>, by August Vollmer\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*This post has been updated to include a more expanded definition of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics\">eugenics\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"baycuriousquestion","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11847612/who-was-august-vollmer-and-is-he-responsible-for-the-modern-police-force","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_33523"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_3631","news_129","news_2385","news_27626","news_20625"],"featImg":"news_11847614","label":"news_33523"},"news_11765533":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11765533","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11765533","score":null,"sort":[1564966214000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeley-residents-and-officials-practice-wildfire-evacuation-for-the-first-time","title":"Berkeley Residents and Officials Practice Wildfire Evacuation for the First Time","publishDate":1564966214,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In the wake of one of the worst fire seasons in California history in 2018, Berkeley held its first wildfire evacuation drill Sunday to help residents and firefighters prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\"We have a history of wildland fires burning through Berkeley,\" said Berkeley Fire Chief Dave Brannigan. \"1923 and 1991 were both devastating fires.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1923, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailycal.org/2017/10/15/trailing-blazes-back-revisiting-the-1923-berkeley-fire/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfire in Berkeley\u003c/a> destroyed more than 500 buildings, but did not kill anyone. In 1991, a wildfire swept through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fire-sweeps-through-oakland-hills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Berkeley and Oakland hills\u003c/a>, burning thousands of structures and killing 25 people. The 1991 fire is the third deadliest wildfire in recorded California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we know it'll happen again,\" Brannigan said. \"And given the extreme fire behavior that we've seen in California we now recognize that the most important thing to do in the early hours is to get people out. So we feel we need to do these drills to help the public be prepared to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley firefighters and police officers gathered at a fire station on Sunday to go over the plan for the Claremont area drill. Emergency officials sent out alerts to residents in the area through an opt-in system called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/emergencysite/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AC Alert\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Brannigan, in a real emergency officials would send alerts to all phones in the evacuation area though automated calls to landlines and send alerts to cell phones via the same technology used for sending Amber Alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11765536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11765536 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Berkeley Police Department tested specialized speakers to broadcast emergency messages for the first time during a wildfire evacuation drill on Sunday, August 4, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department also tested mobile loudspeakers mounted onto police vehicles for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley Police Sergeant Darrin Rafferty drove around a white pickup truck with a specialized speaker attached to the back that is designed to keep the sound clear over long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm just positioning the speaker so we can get the best spread of distance, spread of sound, trying to address as many homes in the hills as possible with our messaging here,\" Rafferty said during one stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='wildfires, camp fire' label='California Wildfires']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is interested in installing permanent speakers, according to Brannigan, but currently lacks the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday's drill was also designed for firefighters to practice the early steps in combating a wildfire. They focused on creating Temporary Refuge Areas, or TRAs, which is becoming a more common tactic. Firefighters put a group of residents in an area that is not particularly flammable, like a parking lot or a concrete building, and defend that area from the fire until it's safe for the residents to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A\u003cb>\u003c/b>s people are unable to get out of the actual path of the fire, we can find areas that we can defend and then move them on quickly,\" Brannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents who participated wound up at a mock evacuation center in San Pablo Park, where they gave feedback and shared concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gwendy Donaker was one of them. She says she received the alert and was able to get her family out quickly. But in a real fire, she says, she's concerned about relying on phone alerts because she doesn't sleep next to her cellphone. She's also worried about traffic congestion during an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If a lot of vehicles are trying to get out at the same time, what would happen?\" Donaker asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley has two more drills planned for later this month, and Fire Chief Brannigan says they'll be looking at ways to make alerts more accessible before then.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"\"We have a history of wildland fires burning through Berkeley,\" said Berkeley Fire Chief Dave Brannigan. \"So we know it'll happen again.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1564966214,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":599},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley Residents and Officials Practice Wildfire Evacuation for the First Time | KQED","description":""We have a history of wildland fires burning through Berkeley," said Berkeley Fire Chief Dave Brannigan. "So we know it'll happen again."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley Residents and Officials Practice Wildfire Evacuation for the First Time","datePublished":"2019-08-05T00:50:14.000Z","dateModified":"2019-08-05T00:50:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11765533 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11765533","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/08/04/berkeley-residents-and-officials-practice-wildfire-evacuation-for-the-first-time/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley Residents and Officials Practice Wildfire Evacuation for the First Time","path":"/news/11765533/berkeley-residents-and-officials-practice-wildfire-evacuation-for-the-first-time","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the wake of one of the worst fire seasons in California history in 2018, Berkeley held its first wildfire evacuation drill Sunday to help residents and firefighters prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\"We have a history of wildland fires burning through Berkeley,\" said Berkeley Fire Chief Dave Brannigan. \"1923 and 1991 were both devastating fires.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1923, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailycal.org/2017/10/15/trailing-blazes-back-revisiting-the-1923-berkeley-fire/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfire in Berkeley\u003c/a> destroyed more than 500 buildings, but did not kill anyone. In 1991, a wildfire swept through the \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/fire-sweeps-through-oakland-hills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Berkeley and Oakland hills\u003c/a>, burning thousands of structures and killing 25 people. The 1991 fire is the third deadliest wildfire in recorded California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we know it'll happen again,\" Brannigan said. \"And given the extreme fire behavior that we've seen in California we now recognize that the most important thing to do in the early hours is to get people out. So we feel we need to do these drills to help the public be prepared to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley firefighters and police officers gathered at a fire station on Sunday to go over the plan for the Claremont area drill. Emergency officials sent out alerts to residents in the area through an opt-in system called \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/emergencysite/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AC Alert\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Brannigan, in a real emergency officials would send alerts to all phones in the evacuation area though automated calls to landlines and send alerts to cell phones via the same technology used for sending Amber Alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11765536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11765536 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38390_IMG_2159-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Berkeley Police Department tested specialized speakers to broadcast emergency messages for the first time during a wildfire evacuation drill on Sunday, August 4, 2019. \u003ccite>(Sonja Hutson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department also tested mobile loudspeakers mounted onto police vehicles for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley Police Sergeant Darrin Rafferty drove around a white pickup truck with a specialized speaker attached to the back that is designed to keep the sound clear over long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm just positioning the speaker so we can get the best spread of distance, spread of sound, trying to address as many homes in the hills as possible with our messaging here,\" Rafferty said during one stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"wildfires, camp fire","label":"California Wildfires "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is interested in installing permanent speakers, according to Brannigan, but currently lacks the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday's drill was also designed for firefighters to practice the early steps in combating a wildfire. They focused on creating Temporary Refuge Areas, or TRAs, which is becoming a more common tactic. Firefighters put a group of residents in an area that is not particularly flammable, like a parking lot or a concrete building, and defend that area from the fire until it's safe for the residents to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A\u003cb>\u003c/b>s people are unable to get out of the actual path of the fire, we can find areas that we can defend and then move them on quickly,\" Brannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents who participated wound up at a mock evacuation center in San Pablo Park, where they gave feedback and shared concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gwendy Donaker was one of them. She says she received the alert and was able to get her family out quickly. But in a real fire, she says, she's concerned about relying on phone alerts because she doesn't sleep next to her cellphone. She's also worried about traffic congestion during an evacuation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If a lot of vehicles are trying to get out at the same time, what would happen?\" Donaker asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley has two more drills planned for later this month, and Fire Chief Brannigan says they'll be looking at ways to make alerts more accessible before then.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11765533/berkeley-residents-and-officials-practice-wildfire-evacuation-for-the-first-time","authors":["11216"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_2385","news_20341","news_4337"],"featImg":"news_11765535","label":"news"},"news_11616447":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11616447","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11616447","score":null,"sort":[1505247026000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeley-to-consider-allowing-police-to-use-pepper-spray-during-demonstrations","title":"Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations","publishDate":1505247026,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Berkeley is considering changing its 20-year policy banning police from using pepper spray during demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was hammered out by Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.jessearreguin.com\" target=\"_blank\">Mayor Jesse Arreguin\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/police/\" target=\"_blank\">Police Chief Andrew Greenwood\u003c/a> ahead of upcoming speaking engagements on the UC Berkeley campus by right-wing talk show host Ben Shapiro and conservative commentator Milo Yiannopoulos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longstanding policy forbids using the chemical irritant as a form of crowd control. The change would allow police to use pepper spray in crowd situations, but only against specific individuals committing acts of violence. Arreguin told KQED that the amendment would not allow using pepper spray against non-violent protesters, passive resisters, those resisting arrest or those involved in violence against property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Greenwood \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Clerk/City_Council/2017/09_Sep/Documents/2017-09-12%20Special%20Agenda%20Packet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">requested the change\u003c/a>, citing “a series of coordinated attacks by extremists in Berkeley [that] have resulted in violent riots, injuries and the destruction of property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his report to the City Council, Greenwood details several demonstrations this year, which featured \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/27/photos-berkeley-protests-the-far-right/\" target=\"_blank\">violent clashes\u003c/a> between large groups of masked anti-facists and right-wing protesters. Greenwood argued “the emergence of tactics involving weapons, shields, and the large-scale, coordinated maneuver of large groups of masked individuals\" ... require the Berkeley Police Department to be prepared and properly equipped “to protect free speech and keep our community safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fringe-right conservatives and white nationalists have recently descended on Berkeley -- making the home of the Free Speech Movement a flashpoint in the culture wars. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenwood called the city a “battleground for extremist groups.” But the chief’s report seems mostly focused on Antifa protesters, who, he said, show up armed with shields. Pepper spray would be more effective since shields cannot provide full protection against the chemical, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change is being sought on an emergency basis, in light of upcoming events and expected protests. Arreguin defended the rush as an “urgent situation ... to maintain order and public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how the City Council will vote. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/citycouncildistrict4/\" target=\"_blank\">Councilmember Kate Harrison\u003c/a> is leary to change such a longstanding policy so quickly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a cycle of reacting to events… without really thinking through the consequences,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BPD has come under criticism for excessive use of force in recent years -- including during a 2014 Black Lives Matter protest. Harrison also raised questions about the effectiveness of pepper spray, which she said could lead someone to become more aggressive and create panic in a crowd situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special City Council hearing begins at 3 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full motion before the Berkeley City Council below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Motion, Special Meeting Item # 1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motion to re-affirm and further amend the Berkeley City Council’s policy regarding the use of pepper spray by the Berkeley Police Department as such use relates to crowd control, expression of First Amendment speech, and addressing acts of violence by specific individuals within a crowd, as follows (in bold):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oleoresin Capsicum (pepper spray) shall not be used as a crowd control technique to disperse a crowd or move a crowd.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper spray shall not be used on persons engaged in legal speech or other expression that is protected by the First Amendment, nor upon those committing unlawful acts by non-violent or passive resistance means, (e.g. sitting or lying down to block a street or doorway).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police may use pepper spray upon specific individuals within a crowd who are committing acts of violence upon police or others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The proposal to change the 20-year policy comes ahead of more possible violent protests on Thursday and later this month. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1505250522,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":585},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations | KQED","description":"The proposal to change the 20-year policy comes ahead of more possible violent protests on Thursday and later this month. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations","datePublished":"2017-09-12T20:10:26.000Z","dateModified":"2017-09-12T21:08:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11616447 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11616447","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/12/berkeley-to-consider-allowing-police-to-use-pepper-spray-during-demonstrations/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations","path":"/news/11616447/berkeley-to-consider-allowing-police-to-use-pepper-spray-during-demonstrations","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Berkeley is considering changing its 20-year policy banning police from using pepper spray during demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was hammered out by Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.jessearreguin.com\" target=\"_blank\">Mayor Jesse Arreguin\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/police/\" target=\"_blank\">Police Chief Andrew Greenwood\u003c/a> ahead of upcoming speaking engagements on the UC Berkeley campus by right-wing talk show host Ben Shapiro and conservative commentator Milo Yiannopoulos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longstanding policy forbids using the chemical irritant as a form of crowd control. The change would allow police to use pepper spray in crowd situations, but only against specific individuals committing acts of violence. Arreguin told KQED that the amendment would not allow using pepper spray against non-violent protesters, passive resisters, those resisting arrest or those involved in violence against property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Greenwood \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Clerk/City_Council/2017/09_Sep/Documents/2017-09-12%20Special%20Agenda%20Packet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">requested the change\u003c/a>, citing “a series of coordinated attacks by extremists in Berkeley [that] have resulted in violent riots, injuries and the destruction of property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his report to the City Council, Greenwood details several demonstrations this year, which featured \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/27/photos-berkeley-protests-the-far-right/\" target=\"_blank\">violent clashes\u003c/a> between large groups of masked anti-facists and right-wing protesters. Greenwood argued “the emergence of tactics involving weapons, shields, and the large-scale, coordinated maneuver of large groups of masked individuals\" ... require the Berkeley Police Department to be prepared and properly equipped “to protect free speech and keep our community safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fringe-right conservatives and white nationalists have recently descended on Berkeley -- making the home of the Free Speech Movement a flashpoint in the culture wars. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenwood called the city a “battleground for extremist groups.” But the chief’s report seems mostly focused on Antifa protesters, who, he said, show up armed with shields. Pepper spray would be more effective since shields cannot provide full protection against the chemical, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change is being sought on an emergency basis, in light of upcoming events and expected protests. Arreguin defended the rush as an “urgent situation ... to maintain order and public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how the City Council will vote. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/citycouncildistrict4/\" target=\"_blank\">Councilmember Kate Harrison\u003c/a> is leary to change such a longstanding policy so quickly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a cycle of reacting to events… without really thinking through the consequences,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BPD has come under criticism for excessive use of force in recent years -- including during a 2014 Black Lives Matter protest. Harrison also raised questions about the effectiveness of pepper spray, which she said could lead someone to become more aggressive and create panic in a crowd situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special City Council hearing begins at 3 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full motion before the Berkeley City Council below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Motion, Special Meeting Item # 1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motion to re-affirm and further amend the Berkeley City Council’s policy regarding the use of pepper spray by the Berkeley Police Department as such use relates to crowd control, expression of First Amendment speech, and addressing acts of violence by specific individuals within a crowd, as follows (in bold):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oleoresin Capsicum (pepper spray) shall not be used as a crowd control technique to disperse a crowd or move a crowd.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper spray shall not be used on persons engaged in legal speech or other expression that is protected by the First Amendment, nor upon those committing unlawful acts by non-violent or passive resistance means, (e.g. sitting or lying down to block a street or doorway).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police may use pepper spray upon specific individuals within a crowd who are committing acts of violence upon police or others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11616447/berkeley-to-consider-allowing-police-to-use-pepper-spray-during-demonstrations","authors":["257"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_21450","news_2385","news_19542","news_18797","news_2091"],"featImg":"news_11297890","label":"news_72"},"news_11616239":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11616239","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11616239","score":null,"sort":[1505155924000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"university-of-california-police-looking-into-viral-hot-dog-vendor-video","title":"University of California Police ‘Looking Into’ Viral Hot Dog Vendor Video","publishDate":1505155924,"format":"audio","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Online video of a University of California Police officer in Berkeley who ticketed a hot dog vendor outside a Cal football game Saturday, and seized $60 from the man’s wallet, has prompted an outpouring of support for the vendor and a backlash against the officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley spokesman Dan Mogulof offered a brief statement Sunday evening: “We are aware of the incident. The officer was tasked with enforcing violations related to vending without a permit on campus. UCPD is looking into the matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles resident, and UC Berkeley alumnus, Martin Flores posted the video online just before 5:40 p.m. Saturday. He attended the football game that day with his children, according to his posts online. In the video, Flores questions UC Police Officer Sean Aranas about why he has to take the hot dog vendor’s money. Flores was buying hot dogs from the vendor when police interrupted the transaction, he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original video had, as of Monday morning, been viewed 11 million times -- and attracted significant attention and comments online. Flores sought out the vendor, who has publicly been identified only as “Juan,” as interest in the story grew along with pledges of support. Flores posted on Facebook shortly before 8 p.m. Sunday that he had found “Juan,” and said they were preparing to be interviewed by Telemundo in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to online records from UCPD, the vendor was ticketed at Piedmont Avenue and Bancroft Way, across from Memorial Stadium where the football game took place, just after 5:30 p.m. Saturday. The 34-year-old man got a ticket related to vending without a license, which is a violation of the Berkeley Municipal Code. It was the only such citation for the day, which was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbears.com/schedule.aspx?schedule=530\" target=\"_blank\">first home game of the season\u003c/a>. UCPD spokeswoman Sgt. Sabrina Reich said Monday that the $60 was “seized as suspected proceeds of the violation and booked into evidence.” Reich said three other people were detained on suspicion of vending without a license, but they were released with a warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores, as recorded in his video Saturday, told Aranas he was disappointed in him, and said the officer should not be taking the vendor’s “hard-earned money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not right,” Flores can be heard saying in the video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll take it to the judge, and the judge can decide whether or not it’s right,” Aranas replies. “He doesn’t have a permit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Sunday morning, Flores created a GoFundMe page to help with the vendor’s “personal, legal and professional matters.” Flores said all the money raised will go to help “Juan,” and “to cover other vendors who have been robbed of their hard earned living through citations and removal of their carts.” As of Monday morning, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/officialjustice4juanstreetvendors\" target=\"_blank\">more than $33,000 had been raised\u003c/a> by nearly 2,300 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 526px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11616242\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"526\" height=\"701\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg 526w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flores and the vendor Sunday night before an interview with Telemundo. \u003ccite>(Photo: Martin Flores)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fundraiser wasn’t the only online campaign related to the video to gain traction over the weekend. UC Berkeley student Vicky Zamarripa \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepetitionsite.com/992/821/972/remove-s.-aranas-76-from-university-of-california-police-department/?taf_id=42211857&cid=fb_na#bbfb=716735099\" target=\"_blank\">posted a petition online\u003c/a> Saturday night to have Aranas \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2017/09/10/petition-to-remove-ucpd-officer-receives-over-5000-signatures/\" target=\"_blank\">removed from his job\u003c/a>, as first reported by the Daily Californian. Nearly 11,000 people have signed it as of Monday morning, including about 700 who said they are from Berkeley. The campaign has spread far beyond the city limits due to extensive sharing on social media. According to Zamarripa, Aranas had engaged in \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepetitionsite.com/992/821/972/remove-s.-aranas-76-from-university-of-california-police-department/?taf_id=42211857&cid=fb_na#bbfb=716735099\" target=\"_blank\">a number of troubling interactions\u003c/a> with the public prior to Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people, including several who wrote on the Berkeleyside Facebook page, said they have known Aranas for years and consider him to be fair. “I have always seen him acting professionally and I have seen him countless times,” wrote one. Wrote another: “I’ve interacted with this cop several times in the past also; he also struck me as a good guy but definitely a tough guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people have questioned whether Aranas legally was allowed to take the vendor’s money. Berkeleyside has asked the university for additional information. In the meantime, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/berkeleyside/posts/10155609333402456\" target=\"_blank\">readers have been weighing in\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Evidently when doing illegal sales on UC Property ... the money is confiscated,” wrote one local resident on Facebook. “I know an illegal t-shirt vendor and that’s what they do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday morning, the Flores video was shared on the “Woke Folks” Facebook page, which helped further spread the word about the incident. The Tennessee-based community organization was \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/shaunking/posts/1443312512374329?comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22O%22%7D\" target=\"_blank\">launched in June\u003c/a> by prominent civil rights activist and writer Shaun King. A Woke Folks moderator wrote that laws related to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_forfeiture_in_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\">civil forfeiture\u003c/a> allow police officers to confiscate goods in circumstances like these.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UC Berkeley Police confronted this street vendor for selling hotdogs to football fans. He didn’t have a permit, so it’s understandable that they gave him a ticket. What doesn’t makes sense is this cop (Officer Sean Aranas) flipping through the man’s wallet and taking every dollar he has on him,” wrote the moderator. “How can Aranas get away with this? Civil forfeiture laws give cops the legal authority to rob unlucky people like Juan, who just wanted to work hard and make a living. This legalized thuggery has pretty much always existed in America, but the difference now is that we’re able to film these injustices on the spot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil forfeiture, which allows law enforcement officers to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_forfeiture_in_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\">seize assets from people suspected of crime or illegal activity\u003c/a>, has sparked increasing controversy in recent years and a movement is afoot to end it. The ACLU says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/issues/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police-practices/asset-forfeiture-abuse\" target=\"_blank\">the process has been widely abused\u003c/a>, and that calls for reform have been growing. California Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/instituteforjustice/2016/09/29/california-governor-signs-new-criminal-conviction-requirement-for-civil-forfeiture/#20789a7d8f05\" target=\"_blank\">introduced his own reforms related to the practice\u003c/a> last year, and the Berkeley City Council, in December, asked police to share additional information about how the practice is carried out locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>One of the videos posted Saturday evening by Flores appears below. His Facebook page became private Monday morning and the original posts are not visible to the public any longer.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Moreno/status/906764058375766016?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berkeleyside.com%2F2017%2F09%2F10%2Funiversity-california-police-looking-viral-hot-dog-vendor-video-berkeley%2F\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Video of a UCPD officer, who ticketed a hot dog vendor and seized $60 from the man’s wallet, has prompted backlash.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1505283898,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1118},"headData":{"title":"University of California Police ‘Looking Into’ Viral Hot Dog Vendor Video | KQED","description":"Video of a UCPD officer, who ticketed a hot dog vendor and seized $60 from the man’s wallet, has prompted backlash.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"University of California Police ‘Looking Into’ Viral Hot Dog Vendor Video","datePublished":"2017-09-11T18:52:04.000Z","dateModified":"2017-09-13T06:24:58.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11616239 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11616239","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/11/university-of-california-police-looking-into-viral-hot-dog-vendor-video/","disqusTitle":"University of California Police ‘Looking Into’ Viral Hot Dog Vendor Video","source":"Berkeleyside","sourceUrl":"http://www.berkeleyside.com/","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/09/BerkeleyHotDogVendor.mp3","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/emilie/\">Emilie Raguso\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11616239/university-of-california-police-looking-into-viral-hot-dog-vendor-video","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Online video of a University of California Police officer in Berkeley who ticketed a hot dog vendor outside a Cal football game Saturday, and seized $60 from the man’s wallet, has prompted an outpouring of support for the vendor and a backlash against the officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley spokesman Dan Mogulof offered a brief statement Sunday evening: “We are aware of the incident. The officer was tasked with enforcing violations related to vending without a permit on campus. UCPD is looking into the matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles resident, and UC Berkeley alumnus, Martin Flores posted the video online just before 5:40 p.m. Saturday. He attended the football game that day with his children, according to his posts online. In the video, Flores questions UC Police Officer Sean Aranas about why he has to take the hot dog vendor’s money. Flores was buying hot dogs from the vendor when police interrupted the transaction, he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original video had, as of Monday morning, been viewed 11 million times -- and attracted significant attention and comments online. Flores sought out the vendor, who has publicly been identified only as “Juan,” as interest in the story grew along with pledges of support. Flores posted on Facebook shortly before 8 p.m. Sunday that he had found “Juan,” and said they were preparing to be interviewed by Telemundo in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to online records from UCPD, the vendor was ticketed at Piedmont Avenue and Bancroft Way, across from Memorial Stadium where the football game took place, just after 5:30 p.m. Saturday. The 34-year-old man got a ticket related to vending without a license, which is a violation of the Berkeley Municipal Code. It was the only such citation for the day, which was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calbears.com/schedule.aspx?schedule=530\" target=\"_blank\">first home game of the season\u003c/a>. UCPD spokeswoman Sgt. Sabrina Reich said Monday that the $60 was “seized as suspected proceeds of the violation and booked into evidence.” Reich said three other people were detained on suspicion of vending without a license, but they were released with a warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores, as recorded in his video Saturday, told Aranas he was disappointed in him, and said the officer should not be taking the vendor’s “hard-earned money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not right,” Flores can be heard saying in the video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll take it to the judge, and the judge can decide whether or not it’s right,” Aranas replies. “He doesn’t have a permit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Sunday morning, Flores created a GoFundMe page to help with the vendor’s “personal, legal and professional matters.” Flores said all the money raised will go to help “Juan,” and “to cover other vendors who have been robbed of their hard earned living through citations and removal of their carts.” As of Monday morning, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/officialjustice4juanstreetvendors\" target=\"_blank\">more than $33,000 had been raised\u003c/a> by nearly 2,300 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 526px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11616242\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"526\" height=\"701\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan.jpg 526w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/FloresJuan-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flores and the vendor Sunday night before an interview with Telemundo. \u003ccite>(Photo: Martin Flores)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fundraiser wasn’t the only online campaign related to the video to gain traction over the weekend. UC Berkeley student Vicky Zamarripa \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepetitionsite.com/992/821/972/remove-s.-aranas-76-from-university-of-california-police-department/?taf_id=42211857&cid=fb_na#bbfb=716735099\" target=\"_blank\">posted a petition online\u003c/a> Saturday night to have Aranas \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2017/09/10/petition-to-remove-ucpd-officer-receives-over-5000-signatures/\" target=\"_blank\">removed from his job\u003c/a>, as first reported by the Daily Californian. Nearly 11,000 people have signed it as of Monday morning, including about 700 who said they are from Berkeley. The campaign has spread far beyond the city limits due to extensive sharing on social media. According to Zamarripa, Aranas had engaged in \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepetitionsite.com/992/821/972/remove-s.-aranas-76-from-university-of-california-police-department/?taf_id=42211857&cid=fb_na#bbfb=716735099\" target=\"_blank\">a number of troubling interactions\u003c/a> with the public prior to Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people, including several who wrote on the Berkeleyside Facebook page, said they have known Aranas for years and consider him to be fair. “I have always seen him acting professionally and I have seen him countless times,” wrote one. Wrote another: “I’ve interacted with this cop several times in the past also; he also struck me as a good guy but definitely a tough guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people have questioned whether Aranas legally was allowed to take the vendor’s money. Berkeleyside has asked the university for additional information. In the meantime, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/berkeleyside/posts/10155609333402456\" target=\"_blank\">readers have been weighing in\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Evidently when doing illegal sales on UC Property ... the money is confiscated,” wrote one local resident on Facebook. “I know an illegal t-shirt vendor and that’s what they do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday morning, the Flores video was shared on the “Woke Folks” Facebook page, which helped further spread the word about the incident. The Tennessee-based community organization was \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/shaunking/posts/1443312512374329?comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22O%22%7D\" target=\"_blank\">launched in June\u003c/a> by prominent civil rights activist and writer Shaun King. A Woke Folks moderator wrote that laws related to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_forfeiture_in_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\">civil forfeiture\u003c/a> allow police officers to confiscate goods in circumstances like these.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UC Berkeley Police confronted this street vendor for selling hotdogs to football fans. He didn’t have a permit, so it’s understandable that they gave him a ticket. What doesn’t makes sense is this cop (Officer Sean Aranas) flipping through the man’s wallet and taking every dollar he has on him,” wrote the moderator. “How can Aranas get away with this? Civil forfeiture laws give cops the legal authority to rob unlucky people like Juan, who just wanted to work hard and make a living. This legalized thuggery has pretty much always existed in America, but the difference now is that we’re able to film these injustices on the spot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil forfeiture, which allows law enforcement officers to \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_forfeiture_in_the_United_States\" target=\"_blank\">seize assets from people suspected of crime or illegal activity\u003c/a>, has sparked increasing controversy in recent years and a movement is afoot to end it. The ACLU says \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/issues/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police-practices/asset-forfeiture-abuse\" target=\"_blank\">the process has been widely abused\u003c/a>, and that calls for reform have been growing. California Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/instituteforjustice/2016/09/29/california-governor-signs-new-criminal-conviction-requirement-for-civil-forfeiture/#20789a7d8f05\" target=\"_blank\">introduced his own reforms related to the practice\u003c/a> last year, and the Berkeley City Council, in December, asked police to share additional information about how the practice is carried out locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>One of the videos posted Saturday evening by Flores appears below. His Facebook page became private Monday morning and the original posts are not visible to the public any longer.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"906764058375766016"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11616239/university-of-california-police-looking-into-viral-hot-dog-vendor-video","authors":["byline_news_11616239"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_2385","news_17597"],"affiliates":["news_5078"],"featImg":"news_11616240","label":"source_news_11616239"},"news_10402266":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10402266","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10402266","score":null,"sort":[1420905657000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeleys-police-chief-on-protests-tear-gas-use","title":"Berkeley's Police Chief Answers Questions on Protests, Tear Gas Use","publishDate":1420905657,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>On Dec. 6, the first night in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-protests/\" target=\"_blank\">wave of demonstrations in Berkeley\u003c/a> related to the police-involved deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner, Berkeley police officers \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/06/breaking-post-ferguson-demo-in-downtown-berkeley-march-continues-to-berkeley-police-hq/\" target=\"_blank\">used tear gas to disperse crowds\u003c/a> on Telegraph Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many individuals involved with that first night’s protest said the use of force, which also involved baton strikes and less lethal projectiles, was unwarranted. Police said officers only took those steps after making dozens or even hundreds of dispersal orders, and being attacked themselves with a range of projectiles thrown by members of the crowd earlier in the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department said costs to the city have not yet been tallied for its response to the protests — in which crowds ranged from 100 to 1,500 or more people during the first few nights. But the department anticipates costs in excess of several hundred thousand dollars, said Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan. The department does not yet have an estimate for \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/18/after-berkeley-protests-local-merchants-react-to-damage-looting-at-their-businesses/\" target=\"_blank\">damages to businesses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We understand that seeing force used by officers can be disturbing to some. However, use of these tools allowed officers to bring an end to an unlawful and dangerous situation.'\u003ccite>Michael Meehan, Berkeley police chief\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Berkeleyside posed a list of questions to Meehan on Dec. 7, and received responses Dec. 18. The questions, some of which have been edited for clarity, follow, along with Meehan’s answers and several videos posted online by members of the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council has \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/17/council-calls-special-meeting-in-january-about-berkeley-protests/\" target=\"_blank\">scheduled a special meeting and workshop for Saturday, Jan. 17\u003c/a>, to address community concerns and discuss issues related to the protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeleyside is working to submit a formal Public Records Act request to review documents and other information regarding the Berkeley protests in December. We invite readers to let us know in the comments below what questions they would like to see answered by local authorities and officials. Additional reporting is forthcoming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q&A WITH BERKELEY POLICE CHIEF MICHAEL MEEHAN\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many use of force reports were filed by police for the protest that began Saturday, Dec. 6, and ended in the early morning hours of Sunday, Dec. 7?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: We don’t have specific numbers regarding individual uses of force in a demonstration. Demonstrations are considered “Unusual Occurrences” under the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Police/Home/Berkeley_Police_General_Orders.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeley Police Department General Order\u003c/a>. Situations involving large numbers of people make it impractical for each officer to document individual uses of force. The use of force and the full sequence of events will be reviewed in a post-incident report, which will also document arrests, injuries, property damage, personnel costs, and other information.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Videos shot by protesters\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>See video of the protests on Dec. 6 shot by protesters who believe they experienced police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/CVmyMKtmwU4\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This shaky video shows the moment protesters say police used tear gas at them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/N6CI3rn8bIA\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>(Editor’s Note: Berkeleyside asked the police department when the post-incident report is expected to be complete. The response was that the report “is a substantial undertaking, and our interest is in the review being accurate, complete and meaningful. As such, we anticipate it being completed within the next few months.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many and what type of injuries were reported to both officers and the public?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Injuries to officers included a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/12/police-review-commission-asks-for-suspension-of-tear-gas/\" target=\"_blank\">serious shoulder injury, a back injury, as well as numerous abrasions, bruises and other injuries\u003c/a>. We’re not aware of a specific number of people [outside the department] who may have reported injuries. We’d refer you to [the Berkeley Fire Department] regarding calls they may have received.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Why was tear gas used? How many times was it used throughout the night of Dec. 6-7?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Our strategy has never emphasized tear gas as a fundamental component. We have a number of tools available. Non-irritant smoke, tear gas, and foam baton rounds were used as defensive measures, dependent on the situation facing officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Addison and Martin Luther King, on Dec. 6, officers were struck with bricks, rocks, pipes and other dangerous objects. Smoke was used to move people away and stop the attack on officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Telegraph Avenue, officers were again struck by rocks, bottles and other dangerous objects. Smoke, tear gas and foam baton rounds were deployed only after repeated dispersal orders had been given; officers on police lines — giving clear instructions — were met with resistance from crowds; and where officers were unable to move without encountering resistance and attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By policy, dispersal orders are given repeatedly in order to allow people to move away from the area, should they choose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We understand that seeing force used by officers can be disturbing to some. However, use of these tools allowed officers to bring an end to an unlawful and dangerous situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are aware of instances of masked agitators within the crowd using threats, intimidation and physical violence towards others in the crowd, assaulting or intimidating journalists, peaceful protestors, and community members who were video recording or simply trying to prevent destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: What other tactics were used?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Our focus throughout each night has been to facilitate peaceful demonstrations of first amendment expression. We began with an intentionally low-key approach. We attempt to contact organizers at the beginning of each march. We block traffic to ensure safety when the march is underway. We use Nixle to inform the community about protest location and direction to mitigate traffic issue and ensure marchers’ safety. Our response at any given moment depends on numerous factors, from the resources available, the ability to move our officers effectively to address problems, and the size and actions of the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many officers have been working to handle the demonstrations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Throughout the first five days, the number of officers varied from day to day. The Berkeley Police Department staffed approximately 80-100 officers each day, including patrol and protest-related assignments. This required the canceling of days off for all personnel. Regarding mutual aid assistance, the number varied from 100-200+ officers depending on the day and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Which departments assisted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Department assistance for planned events is obtained through the County’s Mutual Aid system, whereby additional officers are requested through and coordinated by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office. At one time or another most of the police departments in Alameda County, along with departments in San Mateo and Solano counties, provided assistance. Assistance was as little as a few officers from smaller agencies, to dozens of officers from larger agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Which departments used force? Might officers from other departments used a more aggressive approach?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: BPD does not track use of force by other agencies. Agencies assisting the Berkeley Police Department arrive with and utilize the vehicles and equipment they routinely train with, in accordance with the individual agencies’ departmental directives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: What type of review will take place?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: There will be several reviews of available information, including video and photographic evidence, which will help provide a complete and factual picture of the events of last week. Thorough review will take time, but a responsible and constructive discussion of these events must be based on fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Looking for answers on police tactics used at Dec. 6 Berkeley protests.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1421045737,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":1248},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley's Police Chief Answers Questions on Protests, Tear Gas Use | KQED","description":"Looking for answers on police tactics used at Dec. 6 Berkeley protests.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley's Police Chief Answers Questions on Protests, Tear Gas Use","datePublished":"2015-01-10T16:00:57.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-12T06:55:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10402266 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10402266","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/10/berkeleys-police-chief-on-protests-tear-gas-use/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley's Police Chief Answers Questions on Protests, Tear Gas Use","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/berkeleyside-editors/\">Berkeleyside Editors\u003c/a>\u003cbr>Berkeleyside\u003c/br>","path":"/news/10402266/berkeleys-police-chief-on-protests-tear-gas-use","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Dec. 6, the first night in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-protests/\" target=\"_blank\">wave of demonstrations in Berkeley\u003c/a> related to the police-involved deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner, Berkeley police officers \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/06/breaking-post-ferguson-demo-in-downtown-berkeley-march-continues-to-berkeley-police-hq/\" target=\"_blank\">used tear gas to disperse crowds\u003c/a> on Telegraph Avenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many individuals involved with that first night’s protest said the use of force, which also involved baton strikes and less lethal projectiles, was unwarranted. Police said officers only took those steps after making dozens or even hundreds of dispersal orders, and being attacked themselves with a range of projectiles thrown by members of the crowd earlier in the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department said costs to the city have not yet been tallied for its response to the protests — in which crowds ranged from 100 to 1,500 or more people during the first few nights. But the department anticipates costs in excess of several hundred thousand dollars, said Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan. The department does not yet have an estimate for \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/18/after-berkeley-protests-local-merchants-react-to-damage-looting-at-their-businesses/\" target=\"_blank\">damages to businesses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We understand that seeing force used by officers can be disturbing to some. However, use of these tools allowed officers to bring an end to an unlawful and dangerous situation.'\u003ccite>Michael Meehan, Berkeley police chief\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Berkeleyside posed a list of questions to Meehan on Dec. 7, and received responses Dec. 18. The questions, some of which have been edited for clarity, follow, along with Meehan’s answers and several videos posted online by members of the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council has \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/17/council-calls-special-meeting-in-january-about-berkeley-protests/\" target=\"_blank\">scheduled a special meeting and workshop for Saturday, Jan. 17\u003c/a>, to address community concerns and discuss issues related to the protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeleyside is working to submit a formal Public Records Act request to review documents and other information regarding the Berkeley protests in December. We invite readers to let us know in the comments below what questions they would like to see answered by local authorities and officials. Additional reporting is forthcoming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q&A WITH BERKELEY POLICE CHIEF MICHAEL MEEHAN\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many use of force reports were filed by police for the protest that began Saturday, Dec. 6, and ended in the early morning hours of Sunday, Dec. 7?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: We don’t have specific numbers regarding individual uses of force in a demonstration. Demonstrations are considered “Unusual Occurrences” under the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Police/Home/Berkeley_Police_General_Orders.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeley Police Department General Order\u003c/a>. Situations involving large numbers of people make it impractical for each officer to document individual uses of force. The use of force and the full sequence of events will be reviewed in a post-incident report, which will also document arrests, injuries, property damage, personnel costs, and other information.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Videos shot by protesters\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>See video of the protests on Dec. 6 shot by protesters who believe they experienced police brutality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/CVmyMKtmwU4\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This shaky video shows the moment protesters say police used tear gas at them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"//www.youtube.com/embed/N6CI3rn8bIA\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>(Editor’s Note: Berkeleyside asked the police department when the post-incident report is expected to be complete. The response was that the report “is a substantial undertaking, and our interest is in the review being accurate, complete and meaningful. As such, we anticipate it being completed within the next few months.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many and what type of injuries were reported to both officers and the public?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Injuries to officers included a \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/12/12/police-review-commission-asks-for-suspension-of-tear-gas/\" target=\"_blank\">serious shoulder injury, a back injury, as well as numerous abrasions, bruises and other injuries\u003c/a>. We’re not aware of a specific number of people [outside the department] who may have reported injuries. We’d refer you to [the Berkeley Fire Department] regarding calls they may have received.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Why was tear gas used? How many times was it used throughout the night of Dec. 6-7?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Our strategy has never emphasized tear gas as a fundamental component. We have a number of tools available. Non-irritant smoke, tear gas, and foam baton rounds were used as defensive measures, dependent on the situation facing officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Addison and Martin Luther King, on Dec. 6, officers were struck with bricks, rocks, pipes and other dangerous objects. Smoke was used to move people away and stop the attack on officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Telegraph Avenue, officers were again struck by rocks, bottles and other dangerous objects. Smoke, tear gas and foam baton rounds were deployed only after repeated dispersal orders had been given; officers on police lines — giving clear instructions — were met with resistance from crowds; and where officers were unable to move without encountering resistance and attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By policy, dispersal orders are given repeatedly in order to allow people to move away from the area, should they choose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We understand that seeing force used by officers can be disturbing to some. However, use of these tools allowed officers to bring an end to an unlawful and dangerous situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are aware of instances of masked agitators within the crowd using threats, intimidation and physical violence towards others in the crowd, assaulting or intimidating journalists, peaceful protestors, and community members who were video recording or simply trying to prevent destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: What other tactics were used?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Our focus throughout each night has been to facilitate peaceful demonstrations of first amendment expression. We began with an intentionally low-key approach. We attempt to contact organizers at the beginning of each march. We block traffic to ensure safety when the march is underway. We use Nixle to inform the community about protest location and direction to mitigate traffic issue and ensure marchers’ safety. Our response at any given moment depends on numerous factors, from the resources available, the ability to move our officers effectively to address problems, and the size and actions of the crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: How many officers have been working to handle the demonstrations?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Throughout the first five days, the number of officers varied from day to day. The Berkeley Police Department staffed approximately 80-100 officers each day, including patrol and protest-related assignments. This required the canceling of days off for all personnel. Regarding mutual aid assistance, the number varied from 100-200+ officers depending on the day and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Which departments assisted?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: Department assistance for planned events is obtained through the County’s Mutual Aid system, whereby additional officers are requested through and coordinated by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office. At one time or another most of the police departments in Alameda County, along with departments in San Mateo and Solano counties, provided assistance. Assistance was as little as a few officers from smaller agencies, to dozens of officers from larger agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: Which departments used force? Might officers from other departments used a more aggressive approach?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: BPD does not track use of force by other agencies. Agencies assisting the Berkeley Police Department arrive with and utilize the vehicles and equipment they routinely train with, in accordance with the individual agencies’ departmental directives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Q: What type of review will take place?\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A: There will be several reviews of available information, including video and photographic evidence, which will help provide a complete and factual picture of the events of last week. Thorough review will take time, but a responsible and constructive discussion of these events must be based on fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10402266/berkeleys-police-chief-on-protests-tear-gas-use","authors":["byline_news_10402266"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_2385"],"affiliates":["news_5078"],"featImg":"news_10402312","label":"news_6944"},"news_10356235":{"type":"posts","id":"news_10356235","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"10356235","score":null,"sort":[1416961423000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"pizza-delivery-police-nab-armed-robbers-in-berkeley","title":"‘Pizza Delivery’ Police Nab Armed Robbers in Berkeley","publishDate":1416961423,"format":"standard","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Police officers pretending to be pizza deliverers captured three people linked to an armed robbery early Monday in North Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say the robbers used a stolen credit card to order pizza, which tipped police to their location, and ultimately led to their arrest and the recovery of a handgun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Officer Byron White, a Berkeley police spokesman, the robbery took place just after 1 a.m. when two people with a gun robbed a pedestrian of his backpack at Acton and Delaware streets near the North Berkeley BART station.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Officers called robbery suspects and said, ‘Hey, we got your pizzas.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>White said the victim learned, shortly after the robbery, that his credit card had been used to order a pizza to be delivered to the 1300 block of Delaware, between West and Acton streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based on this information, officers were able to contact the restaurant,” said White via email, and intercept the delivery order. Then, acting as pizza deliverers, “officers went to Delaware Street to deliver ‘the pizzas’ to the robbery suspects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suspects had provided a fake address to the pizza shop, Seniore’s Pizza on Durant Avenue, so police arriving in the area called back the number provided during the ordering process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Officers called it back and said, ‘Hey, we got your pizzas,' ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the suspects came out of a home on the block to accept the pizzas, officers tried to detain them, but they quickly fled back inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers formed a perimeter around the house and called, using a loudspeaker, for the suspects to come outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A neighborhood resident told Berkeleyside he was awakened at 4 a.m. “by a nearby police bullhorn repeatedly asking someone to ‘come out with your hands up.' ” He said the orders went on for 15-20 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people, an 18-year-old man and two male juveniles, ultimately surrendered and were taken into custody without further incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the home, officers found the victim’s stolen property as well as a handgun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who was arrested was identified by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Department as Berkeley resident Marcell Stargetti. He was arrested at 5:13 a.m. and is being held at Berkeley Jail with a bail of $100,000 on suspicion of second-degree robbery. He is scheduled for arraignment Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the juveniles arrested were not available due to privacy laws protecting minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said all three were arrested on suspicion of robbery, violating a court order, possession of stolen property, and being armed with a firearm during the commission of a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Holdup near North Berkeley BART station leads to late-night food order, a police cordon and arrests.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1416962516,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":488},"headData":{"title":"‘Pizza Delivery’ Police Nab Armed Robbers in Berkeley | KQED","description":"Holdup near North Berkeley BART station leads to late-night food order, a police cordon and arrests.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘Pizza Delivery’ Police Nab Armed Robbers in Berkeley","datePublished":"2014-11-26T00:23:43.000Z","dateModified":"2014-11-26T00:41:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"10356235 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=10356235","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/25/pizza-delivery-police-nab-armed-robbers-in-berkeley/","disqusTitle":"‘Pizza Delivery’ Police Nab Armed Robbers in Berkeley","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/emilie/\" target=\"_blank\">Emilie Raguso\u003c/a>\u003cbr />Berkeleyside","path":"/news/10356235/pizza-delivery-police-nab-armed-robbers-in-berkeley","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Police officers pretending to be pizza deliverers captured three people linked to an armed robbery early Monday in North Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say the robbers used a stolen credit card to order pizza, which tipped police to their location, and ultimately led to their arrest and the recovery of a handgun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Officer Byron White, a Berkeley police spokesman, the robbery took place just after 1 a.m. when two people with a gun robbed a pedestrian of his backpack at Acton and Delaware streets near the North Berkeley BART station.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Officers called robbery suspects and said, ‘Hey, we got your pizzas.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>White said the victim learned, shortly after the robbery, that his credit card had been used to order a pizza to be delivered to the 1300 block of Delaware, between West and Acton streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based on this information, officers were able to contact the restaurant,” said White via email, and intercept the delivery order. Then, acting as pizza deliverers, “officers went to Delaware Street to deliver ‘the pizzas’ to the robbery suspects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suspects had provided a fake address to the pizza shop, Seniore’s Pizza on Durant Avenue, so police arriving in the area called back the number provided during the ordering process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Officers called it back and said, ‘Hey, we got your pizzas,' ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the suspects came out of a home on the block to accept the pizzas, officers tried to detain them, but they quickly fled back inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers formed a perimeter around the house and called, using a loudspeaker, for the suspects to come outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A neighborhood resident told Berkeleyside he was awakened at 4 a.m. “by a nearby police bullhorn repeatedly asking someone to ‘come out with your hands up.' ” He said the orders went on for 15-20 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people, an 18-year-old man and two male juveniles, ultimately surrendered and were taken into custody without further incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the home, officers found the victim’s stolen property as well as a handgun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who was arrested was identified by the Alameda County Sheriff’s Department as Berkeley resident Marcell Stargetti. He was arrested at 5:13 a.m. and is being held at Berkeley Jail with a bail of $100,000 on suspicion of second-degree robbery. He is scheduled for arraignment Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The names of the juveniles arrested were not available due to privacy laws protecting minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said all three were arrested on suspicion of robbery, violating a court order, possession of stolen property, and being armed with a firearm during the commission of a felony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/10356235/pizza-delivery-police-nab-armed-robbers-in-berkeley","authors":["byline_news_10356235"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_2385"],"affiliates":["news_5078"],"featImg":"news_10356238","label":"news_6944"},"news_139705":{"type":"posts","id":"news_139705","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"139705","score":null,"sort":[1403276440000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeley-aims-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling-by-collecting-better-data","title":"Berkeley Aims to Tackle Alleged Racial Profiling By Collecting Better Data","publishDate":1403276440,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Tracey Taylor\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/19/berkeley-adopts-anti-bias-policing-policy-commits-to-collecting-data-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_139710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/berk-police.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-139710\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/berk-police-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Police officers patrolling at night: a new policing policy adopted unanimously by the City Council aims to address alleged racial profiling when police make stops. (Emilie Raguso/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Police officers patrolling at night: a new policing policy adopted unanimously by the City Council aims to address alleged racial profiling when police make stops. (Emilie Raguso/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council on Tuesday adopted an anti-bias policing policy with a view to eradicating, or at least reducing, alleged cases of racial profiling by the city’s police. The policy will see the city begin to collect data on police stops to analyze whether incidents of profiling are happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Berkeley Police record data about vehicle stops, but data about other types of contacts — including pedestrians and bicyclists — is not collected unless there is an arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/06_Jun/Documents/2014-06-17_Item_03_Implementation_of_Fair.aspx\">“Fair and Impartial Policing Policy”\u003c/a> has been a year in the making, and was crafted by a committee that included representatives from the Berkeley Police Department working in collaboration with the Police Review Commission, the Peace and Justice Commission, the Coalition for a Safe Berkeley, and the East Bay ACLU.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"Too many of our young black and brown youth are stopped for jaywalking, or ‘walking or driving while black.'\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Councilman Jesse Arreguín brought the recommendation to the Council in order, he said, to help implement state law which prohibits racial profiling by law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even in Berkeley which has an excellent and well-trained police force, and a city with a long history of progressive values, racial profiling has occurred throughout our city’s history,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/06_Jun/Documents/2014-06-17_Item_03_Implementation_of_Fair.aspx\">the supporting city document states\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police training on the policy has already begun and is expected to be complete within four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several speakers at the meeting said they had witnessed, or been subject to, racial profiling by Berkeley Police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local resident Charles Brown, who said he works at the Berkeley Flea Market among other things, described witnessing an African American man being arrested at the market for “talking too loud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Controversial Video\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reference was made to \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/05/09/berkeley-police-stop-sparks-racial-controversy/\">a recent video of a police stop of a group of young people\u003c/a>, some of whom were former UC Berkeley students, which sparked accusations of racial profiling by BPD officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Too many of our young black and brown youth are stopped for jaywalking, or ‘walking or driving while black,’” said Barbara White, vice-president of the Berkeley NAACP. “If we continue to racially profile young people they will be fearful of coming to Berkeley.” She added: “Officers not doing their job should be accountable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley NAACP President Mansour Id-Deen urged the Council to adopt the policy, saying 34 cities in California had already implemented data collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes on the heels of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/19/berkeley-adopts-anti-bias-policing-policy-commits-to-collecting-data-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling/%C2%A0http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/05/12/community-comes-out-for-naacp-forum-on-alleged-racial-profiling-by-police-in-berkeley/comment-page-1/\">a town hall meeting organized by the Berkeley NAACP\u003c/a> last month to discuss racial profiling, which was attended by more than 100 members of the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilman Max Anderson said he wished more of his colleagues on the Council had been at the meeting to hear testimony from so many about biased policing. “Some people don’t see it as their problem,” he said. Anderson said the new policy was an opportunity for training and upgrading skills in the city and “ensuring all citizens are treated in a fair and impartial way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilman Arreguín stressed how important it would be to have detailed police stop data so as to be able to determine whether the policy was making a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is critical in maintaining the Berkeley police force’s reputation as progressive,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley City Manager Christine Daniel will request the police department put the policy — which was voted in unanimously and is known as General Order B4 — into effect within four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she and Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan will report back to the Council after the summer recess on the status of relevant training for police officers, as well as the implementation of the policy. The Council agreed they would ideally like to see annual reporting of stop and search data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New anti-discrimination policy will require police to report better statistics on who is stopped and why.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1403208735,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":757},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley Aims to Tackle Alleged Racial Profiling By Collecting Better Data | KQED","description":"New anti-discrimination policy will require police to report better statistics on who is stopped and why.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley Aims to Tackle Alleged Racial Profiling By Collecting Better Data","datePublished":"2014-06-20T15:00:40.000Z","dateModified":"2014-06-19T20:12:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"139705 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=139705","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/20/berkeley-aims-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling-by-collecting-better-data/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley Aims to Tackle Alleged Racial Profiling By Collecting Better Data","customPermalink":"2014/06/19/berkeley-police-antidiscrimination-racial-profiling/","path":"/news/139705/berkeley-aims-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling-by-collecting-better-data","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Tracey Taylor\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/19/berkeley-adopts-anti-bias-policing-policy-commits-to-collecting-data-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling/\" target=\"_blank\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_139710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/berk-police.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-139710\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/berk-police-640x426.jpg\" alt=\"Berkeley Police officers patrolling at night: a new policing policy adopted unanimously by the City Council aims to address alleged racial profiling when police make stops. (Emilie Raguso/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley Police officers patrolling at night: a new policing policy adopted unanimously by the City Council aims to address alleged racial profiling when police make stops. (Emilie Raguso/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley City Council on Tuesday adopted an anti-bias policing policy with a view to eradicating, or at least reducing, alleged cases of racial profiling by the city’s police. The policy will see the city begin to collect data on police stops to analyze whether incidents of profiling are happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Berkeley Police record data about vehicle stops, but data about other types of contacts — including pedestrians and bicyclists — is not collected unless there is an arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/06_Jun/Documents/2014-06-17_Item_03_Implementation_of_Fair.aspx\">“Fair and Impartial Policing Policy”\u003c/a> has been a year in the making, and was crafted by a committee that included representatives from the Berkeley Police Department working in collaboration with the Police Review Commission, the Peace and Justice Commission, the Coalition for a Safe Berkeley, and the East Bay ACLU.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"Too many of our young black and brown youth are stopped for jaywalking, or ‘walking or driving while black.'\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Councilman Jesse Arreguín brought the recommendation to the Council in order, he said, to help implement state law which prohibits racial profiling by law enforcement officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even in Berkeley which has an excellent and well-trained police force, and a city with a long history of progressive values, racial profiling has occurred throughout our city’s history,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/Clerk/City_Council/2014/06_Jun/Documents/2014-06-17_Item_03_Implementation_of_Fair.aspx\">the supporting city document states\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police training on the policy has already begun and is expected to be complete within four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several speakers at the meeting said they had witnessed, or been subject to, racial profiling by Berkeley Police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local resident Charles Brown, who said he works at the Berkeley Flea Market among other things, described witnessing an African American man being arrested at the market for “talking too loud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Controversial Video\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reference was made to \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/05/09/berkeley-police-stop-sparks-racial-controversy/\">a recent video of a police stop of a group of young people\u003c/a>, some of whom were former UC Berkeley students, which sparked accusations of racial profiling by BPD officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Too many of our young black and brown youth are stopped for jaywalking, or ‘walking or driving while black,’” said Barbara White, vice-president of the Berkeley NAACP. “If we continue to racially profile young people they will be fearful of coming to Berkeley.” She added: “Officers not doing their job should be accountable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley NAACP President Mansour Id-Deen urged the Council to adopt the policy, saying 34 cities in California had already implemented data collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes on the heels of \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/19/berkeley-adopts-anti-bias-policing-policy-commits-to-collecting-data-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling/%C2%A0http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/05/12/community-comes-out-for-naacp-forum-on-alleged-racial-profiling-by-police-in-berkeley/comment-page-1/\">a town hall meeting organized by the Berkeley NAACP\u003c/a> last month to discuss racial profiling, which was attended by more than 100 members of the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilman Max Anderson said he wished more of his colleagues on the Council had been at the meeting to hear testimony from so many about biased policing. “Some people don’t see it as their problem,” he said. Anderson said the new policy was an opportunity for training and upgrading skills in the city and “ensuring all citizens are treated in a fair and impartial way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilman Arreguín stressed how important it would be to have detailed police stop data so as to be able to determine whether the policy was making a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is critical in maintaining the Berkeley police force’s reputation as progressive,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley City Manager Christine Daniel will request the police department put the policy — which was voted in unanimously and is known as General Order B4 — into effect within four months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she and Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan will report back to the Council after the summer recess on the status of relevant training for police officers, as well as the implementation of the policy. The Council agreed they would ideally like to see annual reporting of stop and search data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News Associate \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a> is an independently owned news website based in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"http://eepurl.com/lh_3b\">Click here\u003c/a> if you would you like to receive the latest Berkeley news in your inbox once a day for free with Berkeleyside's Daily Briefing email.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/139705/berkeley-aims-to-tackle-alleged-racial-profiling-by-collecting-better-data","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_129","news_2385","news_6501"],"affiliates":["news_5078"],"featImg":"news_139710","label":"news_6944"},"news_138287":{"type":"posts","id":"news_138287","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"138287","score":null,"sort":[1402156801000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeley-city-council-considers-surveillance-camera-police-registry","title":"Berkeley City Council Considers Surveillance Camera Police Registry","publishDate":1402156801,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">\u003cstrong>By Charles Siler\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/05/surveillance-camera-registry-a-possibility-for-berkeley-cops/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>Berkeleyside\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_138290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/video-recording.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-138290\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/video-recording-640x408.jpg\" alt=\"Some officials would like residents and business owners to be able to put their security camera locations into a police database. (Mike Mozart/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"408\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some officials would like residents and business owners to be able to put their security camera locations into a police database. (Mike Mozart/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The city of Berkeley will explore whether a database of private security cameras might help police solve crime more efficiently after a \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-city-council/\">Berkeley City Council\u003c/a> majority vote Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Under the proposal, citizens could report camera locations to the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-police/\">Berkeley Police Department\u003c/a>. Police would create a registry, which would allow officers to call camera owners quickly should a crime take place. Citizens would not be required to talk to police, and officers would not have instant access to the footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Council members Gordon Wozniak and Susan Wengraf, who \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/2014-06-03-Item-21-Security-Camera-Database.pdf\">asked in their proposal\u003c/a> for the city manager to study the issue, said it is clear to anyone reading the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/recent-crime-in-berkeley/\">weekly crime round-up\u003c/a> on this website exactly how much \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/category/crime/\">crime takes place in Berkeley\u003c/a> and where it happens.\u003cspan id=\"more-162674\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“Every week when Berkeleyside updates their weekly Crime Blotter,” they wrote, “it is apparent that most burglaries, car-jacking incidents, and other crimes take place along commercial corridors and major traffic arteries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">They said police and the community as a whole could benefit from a volunteer surveillance camera registry, which could make data more readily available to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">While \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/crime-statistics/\">crime reports overall\u003c/a> in Berkeley have been relatively flat in recent years, \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/03/14/robberies-rise-but-serious-crime-down-overall-in-2013/\">robberies, burglaries and assaults have risen\u003c/a>, according to the most recent overview from the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The council members said the registry could be a good alternative to a city-run network, which would be prohibitively expensive and potentially raise even more questions about privacy rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Similar systems have already been set up in Chicago, Philadelphia, San Leandro, Fremont and Vallejo, they wrote. And San Jose is debating whether to \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/crime-courts/ci_24979753/san-jose-police-would-tap-into-residents-private\">implement its own database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">In Fremont, which started its registry in 2012, authorities say it has been a success, and point to a \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/2014-06-03-Item-21-Security-Camera-Database.pdf\">20% reduction in burglaries since its inception\u003c/a>, according to the council report. Vallejo, which launched its program in May, is the most recent of the bunch. Vallejo’s mayor told KTVU he believes \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.ktvu.com/news/news/crime-law/vallejo-police-launch-project-utilize-private-surv/nfmfR/\">the database could help the city’s struggling police force\u003c/a>, which faced staffing cuts after Vallejo declared bankruptcy in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Wozniak said Tuesday night that the database is only a concept at this point, and stressed that it would be completely voluntary. It would include locations and contact info only, and would not give police access to streaming video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Not surprisingly, given Berkeley’s history of political activism and a skeptical attitude toward law enforcement, the proposition was met with strong opposition by citizens in the audience Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley resident David Welsh compared the proposed database to a “network of informants,” adding that “the surveillance state… [is] a creepy thing and it’s coming on us at a very fast pace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Another Berkeley man, who identified himself as Jim, agreed: “We need to stop handing off our individual power to the police.” Several speakers referenced the ongoing revelations about the scope of the National Security Agency’s\u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"https://www.eff.org/nsa-spying\"> programs to spy on American citizens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Alison Bernstein, an attorney who serves on the city’s Police Review Commission, said she saw the proposal as “a solution…looking for a problem.” She said police can already subpoena video footage when they need it, and that officers seem to be able to track down cameras, as it is, to solve crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Speakers also wondered whether the database would be available to citizens via a public records request, and asked what sort of ramifications that might have. City officials did not have an answer, but said it was something staff could investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Going forward, said Councilman Jesse Arreguín, it will be critical to balance privacy rights with the potential benefits of setting up the database. He asked Wozniak to limit the circumstances when police could ask for footage to the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"https://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_04/appendices/appendix_02.html\">most serious crimes\u003c/a>, and requested that the proposal be sent to the city’s \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/police-review-commission/\">Police Review Commission\u003c/a> for review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Wozniak agreed to both suggestions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley Police Capt. Andrew Greenwood said in December that good video footage, wherever it comes from, can be extremely useful during an investigation. It can \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" title=\"Authorities link woman to $19,000 Berkeley make-up heist\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/12/11/authorities-link-woman-to-19000-berkeley-make-up-heist/\">help identify suspects\u003c/a>, and provide effective evidence during prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“Our officers and investigators are aware that businesses and residences often use video surveillance,” he said. “It’s become a routine investigative step to look for video of crimes being committed, and high quality video and photographs can provide details which can be very helpful to a case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">In recent months, police have spoken about the possibility of working with the owners of local liquor stores and buildings near crime hotspots, such as \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" title=\"Gang violence, drug use, graffiti spark renewed push to clean up West Berkeley park\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/18/gang-violence-drug-use-graffiti-spark-renewed-push-to-clean-up-west-berkeley-park/\">Strawberry Creek Park\u003c/a>, about installing surveillance cameras to crack down on crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Private cameras at a West Berkeley liquor store \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/2013-homicide/\">helped solve at least two homicides\u003c/a> last year, said Councilwoman Linda Maio on Tuesday night. And \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/03/not-guilty-pleas-entered-in-berkeley-hatchet-killing/\">surveillance footage also played a role\u003c/a> in catching the alleged culprits in Berkeley’s only homicide thus far in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Maio said she’s sensitive to privacy issues, but has also seen what threats to public safety have done to her constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“I can tell you this,” she said. “I was very sensitive to my neighbors who came out who were petrified that people were murdering people in the street in front of their houses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Sgt. Chris Stines, president of the Berkeley Police Association, agreed the database would contribute to public safety more than it would harm individual privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" style=\"color: #444444\">“The footage is already there,” said Stines this week. “The information is already being recorded, so it’s not a greater invasion of people’s personal privacy rights…. It just adds a level of organization that makes sense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The council voted 7-1-0, with Max Anderson in opposition and Kriss Worthington absent, to send the proposal on to the city manager and Police Review Commission for further study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Anderson said Tuesday night saw the proposal as a very slippery slope. He referenced the “national security state,” and added: “You’re lucky if you can walk out your door without being observed, tracked. There’s not much of the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> left.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" style=\"color: #444444\">“Where does it end?” he continued. “The fact of the matter is that it doesn’t end, and you never get back those freedoms once you give them away.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A plan to register commercial surveillance cameras is already seeing pushback from Berkeley residents.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1402120870,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":2,"wordCount":1164},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley City Council Considers Surveillance Camera Police Registry | KQED","description":"A plan to register commercial surveillance cameras is already seeing pushback from Berkeley residents.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley City Council Considers Surveillance Camera Police Registry","datePublished":"2014-06-07T16:00:01.000Z","dateModified":"2014-06-07T06:01:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"138287 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=138287","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/06/07/berkeley-city-council-considers-surveillance-camera-police-registry/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley City Council Considers Surveillance Camera Police Registry","path":"/news/138287/berkeley-city-council-considers-surveillance-camera-police-registry","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">\u003cstrong>By Charles Siler\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/05/surveillance-camera-registry-a-possibility-for-berkeley-cops/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>Berkeleyside\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_138290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/video-recording.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-138290\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/06/video-recording-640x408.jpg\" alt=\"Some officials would like residents and business owners to be able to put their security camera locations into a police database. (Mike Mozart/Berkeleyside)\" width=\"640\" height=\"408\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some officials would like residents and business owners to be able to put their security camera locations into a police database. (Mike Mozart/Berkeleyside)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The city of Berkeley will explore whether a database of private security cameras might help police solve crime more efficiently after a \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-city-council/\">Berkeley City Council\u003c/a> majority vote Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Under the proposal, citizens could report camera locations to the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/berkeley-police/\">Berkeley Police Department\u003c/a>. Police would create a registry, which would allow officers to call camera owners quickly should a crime take place. Citizens would not be required to talk to police, and officers would not have instant access to the footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Council members Gordon Wozniak and Susan Wengraf, who \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/2014-06-03-Item-21-Security-Camera-Database.pdf\">asked in their proposal\u003c/a> for the city manager to study the issue, said it is clear to anyone reading the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/recent-crime-in-berkeley/\">weekly crime round-up\u003c/a> on this website exactly how much \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/category/crime/\">crime takes place in Berkeley\u003c/a> and where it happens.\u003cspan id=\"more-162674\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“Every week when Berkeleyside updates their weekly Crime Blotter,” they wrote, “it is apparent that most burglaries, car-jacking incidents, and other crimes take place along commercial corridors and major traffic arteries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">They said police and the community as a whole could benefit from a volunteer surveillance camera registry, which could make data more readily available to authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">While \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/crime-statistics/\">crime reports overall\u003c/a> in Berkeley have been relatively flat in recent years, \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/03/14/robberies-rise-but-serious-crime-down-overall-in-2013/\">robberies, burglaries and assaults have risen\u003c/a>, according to the most recent overview from the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The council members said the registry could be a good alternative to a city-run network, which would be prohibitively expensive and potentially raise even more questions about privacy rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Similar systems have already been set up in Chicago, Philadelphia, San Leandro, Fremont and Vallejo, they wrote. And San Jose is debating whether to \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/crime-courts/ci_24979753/san-jose-police-would-tap-into-residents-private\">implement its own database\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">In Fremont, which started its registry in 2012, authorities say it has been a success, and point to a \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/2014-06-03-Item-21-Security-Camera-Database.pdf\">20% reduction in burglaries since its inception\u003c/a>, according to the council report. Vallejo, which launched its program in May, is the most recent of the bunch. Vallejo’s mayor told KTVU he believes \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.ktvu.com/news/news/crime-law/vallejo-police-launch-project-utilize-private-surv/nfmfR/\">the database could help the city’s struggling police force\u003c/a>, which faced staffing cuts after Vallejo declared bankruptcy in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Wozniak said Tuesday night that the database is only a concept at this point, and stressed that it would be completely voluntary. It would include locations and contact info only, and would not give police access to streaming video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Not surprisingly, given Berkeley’s history of political activism and a skeptical attitude toward law enforcement, the proposition was met with strong opposition by citizens in the audience Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley resident David Welsh compared the proposed database to a “network of informants,” adding that “the surveillance state… [is] a creepy thing and it’s coming on us at a very fast pace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Another Berkeley man, who identified himself as Jim, agreed: “We need to stop handing off our individual power to the police.” Several speakers referenced the ongoing revelations about the scope of the National Security Agency’s\u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"https://www.eff.org/nsa-spying\"> programs to spy on American citizens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Alison Bernstein, an attorney who serves on the city’s Police Review Commission, said she saw the proposal as “a solution…looking for a problem.” She said police can already subpoena video footage when they need it, and that officers seem to be able to track down cameras, as it is, to solve crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Speakers also wondered whether the database would be available to citizens via a public records request, and asked what sort of ramifications that might have. City officials did not have an answer, but said it was something staff could investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Going forward, said Councilman Jesse Arreguín, it will be critical to balance privacy rights with the potential benefits of setting up the database. He asked Wozniak to limit the circumstances when police could ask for footage to the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"https://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_04/appendices/appendix_02.html\">most serious crimes\u003c/a>, and requested that the proposal be sent to the city’s \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/police-review-commission/\">Police Review Commission\u003c/a> for review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Wozniak agreed to both suggestions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Berkeley Police Capt. Andrew Greenwood said in December that good video footage, wherever it comes from, can be extremely useful during an investigation. It can \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" title=\"Authorities link woman to $19,000 Berkeley make-up heist\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/12/11/authorities-link-woman-to-19000-berkeley-make-up-heist/\">help identify suspects\u003c/a>, and provide effective evidence during prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“Our officers and investigators are aware that businesses and residences often use video surveillance,” he said. “It’s become a routine investigative step to look for video of crimes being committed, and high quality video and photographs can provide details which can be very helpful to a case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">In recent months, police have spoken about the possibility of working with the owners of local liquor stores and buildings near crime hotspots, such as \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" title=\"Gang violence, drug use, graffiti spark renewed push to clean up West Berkeley park\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/04/18/gang-violence-drug-use-graffiti-spark-renewed-push-to-clean-up-west-berkeley-park/\">Strawberry Creek Park\u003c/a>, about installing surveillance cameras to crack down on crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Private cameras at a West Berkeley liquor store \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/tag/2013-homicide/\">helped solve at least two homicides\u003c/a> last year, said Councilwoman Linda Maio on Tuesday night. And \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2014/06/03/not-guilty-pleas-entered-in-berkeley-hatchet-killing/\">surveillance footage also played a role\u003c/a> in catching the alleged culprits in Berkeley’s only homicide thus far in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Maio said she’s sensitive to privacy issues, but has also seen what threats to public safety have done to her constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">“I can tell you this,” she said. “I was very sensitive to my neighbors who came out who were petrified that people were murdering people in the street in front of their houses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Sgt. Chris Stines, president of the Berkeley Police Association, agreed the database would contribute to public safety more than it would harm individual privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" style=\"color: #444444\">“The footage is already there,” said Stines this week. “The information is already being recorded, so it’s not a greater invasion of people’s personal privacy rights…. It just adds a level of organization that makes sense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">The council voted 7-1-0, with Max Anderson in opposition and Kriss Worthington absent, to send the proposal on to the city manager and Police Review Commission for further study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"color: #444444\">Anderson said Tuesday night saw the proposal as a very slippery slope. He referenced the “national security state,” and added: “You’re lucky if you can walk out your door without being observed, tracked. There’s not much of the \u003ca style=\"color: #0069a3\" href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> left.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" style=\"color: #444444\">“Where does it end?” he continued. “The fact of the matter is that it doesn’t end, and you never get back those freedoms once you give them away.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/138287/berkeley-city-council-considers-surveillance-camera-police-registry","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_673","news_2385","news_4289"],"affiliates":["news_5078"],"featImg":"news_138290","label":"news_6944"},"news_96309":{"type":"posts","id":"news_96309","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"96309","score":null,"sort":[1367938819000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"berkeley-death-in-police-custody-was-accidental-probe-concludes","title":"Berkeley Death in Police Custody Was Accidental, Probe Concludes","publishDate":1367938819,"format":"aside","headTitle":"News Fix | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":6944,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The in-custody death of a Berkeley resident, which has fueled speculation about police conduct and calls for transparency, was accidental and due to acute combined drug intoxication, according to documents released late last Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96335\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/05/06/2826/kaylamooreon-the-phone-ii/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-96335\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-96335\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/05/kaylamooreon-the-phone-II-300x289.jpeg\" alt=\"Kayla Moore (Courtesy Maria Moore)\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kayla Moore (Courtesy Maria Moore)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kayla Moore, a transgender woman who family members say was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, stopped breathing while she was handcuffed in Berkeley police custody the night of Feb. 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 348-page report about the incident and subsequent investigation by homicide detectives, which includes the coroner's report, tells the story of a sudden tragic death that occurred after officers briefly wrestled with Moore and restrained her with handcuffs and a leg strap. The report refers to Moore by her legal first name, Xavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Controversy escalated in the months since Moore’s death. The Berkeley Police Review Commission \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/03/28/berkeley-investigators-probe-police-role-in-transgender-womans-death/\">opened an investigation\u003c/a> into the incident, and family members called for information to be released at a Berkeley City Council meeting April 30. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/05/01/emotional-pleas-prompt-call-for-kayla-moore-report/\">The meeting erupted\u003c/a> into a shouting match between Mayor Tom Bates and protesters, and police removed a Moore family friend from the meeting. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It didn't matter which officers showed up or who showed up,\" Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan said in reference to criticism that mental health personnel or specially trained officers should have responded to a call about someone suffering a mental health crisis. \"The poison is in his system, and there's nothing anybody can do to take it out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alameda County coroner found that Kayla Moore died with potentially toxic levels of methamphetamine and codeine. Police and the coroner found glass pipes with steel wool commonly associated with meth or crack cocaine smoking. The coroner also listed obesity and an enlarged heart as contributing factors in Moore's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statements from neighbors and other people who knew Moore depict a person who was often kind with a sunny personality. Some neighbors reported that Moore could act strangely, knocking on their doors and asking for cigarettes or talking about drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A psychiatric symptom called anhedonia, which is associated with many illnesses and is basically the inability to experience pleasure, can be at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3089992/\">the root of drug addiction\u003c/a> for people with schizophrenia, said David Fariello, director of UCSF's Division of Community Services and a licensed clinical social worker for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things that's typical with schizophrenia is having difficulty engaging socially and feeling connected,\" he said. \"One of the things that crack or amphetamine or uppers do is it immediately gives you this sense of energy and involvement and connection.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that it's a short-term fix, though, and that meth leads to increased paranoia and that prolonged use can intensify hallucinations associated with schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three Berkeley police officers initially headed for Moore's apartment downtown in the Gaia Building after Moore's roommate called to report a heated argument, and said Moore might need to \"5150'd,\" or involuntarily confined for a mental health evaluation, according to police reports. Moore's family members have said she has been taken into custody under \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=wic&group=05001-06000&file=5150-5157\">California Welfare and Institutions Code 5150\u003c/a> multiple times in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers first spoke to Moore in the hallway outside her fifth-floor apartment. Police reports by the officers describe Moore as agitated and confused. She said she needed to contact the FBI and that the FBI had been following her, and called officers random names or appeared to be talking to people who were not there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fariello said acute mental crises often occur late at night, sometimes after days of trouble sleeping. As a crisis begins, people become unable to mask their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Things could keep growing until voices get really intrusive and become difficult to tolerate, and they might get more and more confused,\" Fariello said. He added these could lead to increased adrenaline and a fight-or-flight state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During their conversation, police discovered there was a warrant out for Moore for battery in San Francisco and decided to detain her for a 5150 evaluation and possible warrant arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two officers initially grabbed each hand and attempted to restrain the 350-pound Moore, but they were overpowered, according to their reports and transcriptions of interviews with Berkeley homicide detectives. The struggle ended on a mattress inside Moore's apartment, and three more officers, plus two sergeants, arrived and helped put handcuffs and a leg restraint on Moore, who was kicking and screaming, according to police reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When someone is really psychotic, they have strength two to three times normal,\" Fariello said. \"Your adrenaline is running, you're psychotic, people are out to get you, and you're flailing out to save your life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer reported Moore suddenly \"kind of stopped fighting,\" after she was handcuffed. They rolled her onto her side, still on the mattress. About a minute later, another officer realized Moore was not breathing and had no pulse. Police removed the handcuffs, began CPR and called for paramedics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore couldn't be resuscitated and was pronounced dead at 1:34 a.m. on Feb. 13 at Alta Bates Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department's probe into the in-custody death of Moore was concluded with the completion of the Alameda County coroner's report on April 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore's family members said they planned to go over the report with an attorney today and have no further comment at this time.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1414041547,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":904},"headData":{"title":"Berkeley Death in Police Custody Was Accidental, Probe Concludes | KQED","description":"The in-custody death of a Berkeley resident, which has fueled speculation about police conduct and calls for transparency, was accidental and due to acute combined drug intoxication, according to documents released late last Friday. Kayla Moore, a transgender woman who family members say was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, stopped breathing while she was handcuffed in","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Berkeley Death in Police Custody Was Accidental, Probe Concludes","datePublished":"2013-05-07T15:00:19.000Z","dateModified":"2014-10-23T05:19:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"96309 http://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=96309","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/05/07/berkeley-death-in-police-custody-was-accidental-probe-concludes/","disqusTitle":"Berkeley Death in Police Custody Was Accidental, Probe Concludes","customPermalink":"2013/05/06/2826/","path":"/news/96309/berkeley-death-in-police-custody-was-accidental-probe-concludes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The in-custody death of a Berkeley resident, which has fueled speculation about police conduct and calls for transparency, was accidental and due to acute combined drug intoxication, according to documents released late last Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_96335\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/05/06/2826/kaylamooreon-the-phone-ii/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-96335\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-96335\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/05/kaylamooreon-the-phone-II-300x289.jpeg\" alt=\"Kayla Moore (Courtesy Maria Moore)\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kayla Moore (Courtesy Maria Moore)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kayla Moore, a transgender woman who family members say was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, stopped breathing while she was handcuffed in Berkeley police custody the night of Feb. 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 348-page report about the incident and subsequent investigation by homicide detectives, which includes the coroner's report, tells the story of a sudden tragic death that occurred after officers briefly wrestled with Moore and restrained her with handcuffs and a leg strap. The report refers to Moore by her legal first name, Xavier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Controversy escalated in the months since Moore’s death. The Berkeley Police Review Commission \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/03/28/berkeley-investigators-probe-police-role-in-transgender-womans-death/\">opened an investigation\u003c/a> into the incident, and family members called for information to be released at a Berkeley City Council meeting April 30. \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2013/05/01/emotional-pleas-prompt-call-for-kayla-moore-report/\">The meeting erupted\u003c/a> into a shouting match between Mayor Tom Bates and protesters, and police removed a Moore family friend from the meeting. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It didn't matter which officers showed up or who showed up,\" Berkeley Police Chief Michael Meehan said in reference to criticism that mental health personnel or specially trained officers should have responded to a call about someone suffering a mental health crisis. \"The poison is in his system, and there's nothing anybody can do to take it out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alameda County coroner found that Kayla Moore died with potentially toxic levels of methamphetamine and codeine. Police and the coroner found glass pipes with steel wool commonly associated with meth or crack cocaine smoking. The coroner also listed obesity and an enlarged heart as contributing factors in Moore's death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statements from neighbors and other people who knew Moore depict a person who was often kind with a sunny personality. Some neighbors reported that Moore could act strangely, knocking on their doors and asking for cigarettes or talking about drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A psychiatric symptom called anhedonia, which is associated with many illnesses and is basically the inability to experience pleasure, can be at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3089992/\">the root of drug addiction\u003c/a> for people with schizophrenia, said David Fariello, director of UCSF's Division of Community Services and a licensed clinical social worker for 33 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things that's typical with schizophrenia is having difficulty engaging socially and feeling connected,\" he said. \"One of the things that crack or amphetamine or uppers do is it immediately gives you this sense of energy and involvement and connection.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that it's a short-term fix, though, and that meth leads to increased paranoia and that prolonged use can intensify hallucinations associated with schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three Berkeley police officers initially headed for Moore's apartment downtown in the Gaia Building after Moore's roommate called to report a heated argument, and said Moore might need to \"5150'd,\" or involuntarily confined for a mental health evaluation, according to police reports. Moore's family members have said she has been taken into custody under \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=wic&group=05001-06000&file=5150-5157\">California Welfare and Institutions Code 5150\u003c/a> multiple times in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers first spoke to Moore in the hallway outside her fifth-floor apartment. Police reports by the officers describe Moore as agitated and confused. She said she needed to contact the FBI and that the FBI had been following her, and called officers random names or appeared to be talking to people who were not there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fariello said acute mental crises often occur late at night, sometimes after days of trouble sleeping. As a crisis begins, people become unable to mask their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Things could keep growing until voices get really intrusive and become difficult to tolerate, and they might get more and more confused,\" Fariello said. He added these could lead to increased adrenaline and a fight-or-flight state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During their conversation, police discovered there was a warrant out for Moore for battery in San Francisco and decided to detain her for a 5150 evaluation and possible warrant arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two officers initially grabbed each hand and attempted to restrain the 350-pound Moore, but they were overpowered, according to their reports and transcriptions of interviews with Berkeley homicide detectives. The struggle ended on a mattress inside Moore's apartment, and three more officers, plus two sergeants, arrived and helped put handcuffs and a leg restraint on Moore, who was kicking and screaming, according to police reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When someone is really psychotic, they have strength two to three times normal,\" Fariello said. \"Your adrenaline is running, you're psychotic, people are out to get you, and you're flailing out to save your life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One officer reported Moore suddenly \"kind of stopped fighting,\" after she was handcuffed. They rolled her onto her side, still on the mattress. About a minute later, another officer realized Moore was not breathing and had no pulse. Police removed the handcuffs, began CPR and called for paramedics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore couldn't be resuscitated and was pronounced dead at 1:34 a.m. on Feb. 13 at Alta Bates Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Berkeley Police Department's probe into the in-custody death of Moore was concluded with the completion of the Alameda County coroner's report on April 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore's family members said they planned to go over the report with an attorney today and have no further comment at this time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/96309/berkeley-death-in-police-custody-was-accidental-probe-concludes","authors":["3206"],"programs":["news_6944"],"categories":["news_6188"],"tags":["news_2385","news_82"],"label":"news_6944"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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