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Her reporting has taken her from Samoan traveling circuses to Mississippi Delta classrooms to the homes of Lao refugees in rural Iowa. In addition to reporting, she teaches radio production to at-risk youth in the Bay Area. Her series \u003ca href=\"http://afterthegoldrushradio.com/\">After the Gold Rush\u003c/a> featured the changing industries, populations and identities of rural towns throughout California. She’s now producing \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>, a series exploring the intersections of food, culture, economics, history and labor. Follow along on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/californiafoodways?ref=hl\">Facebook page\u003c/a> or on Twitter @cafoodways.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lisa Morehouse | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lmorehouse"},"mlagos":{"type":"authors","id":"3239","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"3239","found":true},"name":"Marisa Lagos","firstName":"Marisa","lastName":"Lagos","slug":"mlagos","email":"mlagos@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marisa Lagos is a correspondent for KQED’s California Politics and Government Desk and co-hosts a weekly show and podcast, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political Breakdown.\u003c/span>\u003c/i> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At KQED, Lagos conducts reporting, analysis and investigations into state, local and national politics for radio, TV and online. Every week, she and cohost Scott Shafer sit down with political insiders on \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political Breakdown\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, where they offer a peek into lives and personalities of those driving politics in California and beyond. \u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Previously, she worked for nine years at the San Francisco Chronicle covering San Francisco City Hall and state politics; and at the San Francisco Examiner and Los Angeles Time,. She has won awards for her work investigating the 2017 wildfires and her ongoing coverage of criminal justice issues in California. She lives in San Francisco with her two sons and husband.\u003c/span>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@mlagos","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Marisa Lagos | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mlagos"},"lsarah":{"type":"authors","id":"11626","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11626","found":true},"name":"Lakshmi Sarah","firstName":"Lakshmi","lastName":"Sarah","slug":"lsarah","email":"lsarah@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Digital Producer","bio":"Lakshmi Sarah is an educator, author and journalist with a focus on innovative storytelling. She has worked with newspapers, radio and magazines from Ahmedabad, India to Los Angeles, California. She has written and produced for Die Zeit, Global Voices, AJ+, KQED, Fusion Media Group and the New York Times.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/652dcaecd8b28826fc17a8b2d6bb4e93?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"lakitalki","facebook":null,"instagram":"https://www.instagram.com/laki.talki/","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/lakisarah/","sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lakshmi Sarah | KQED","description":"Digital Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/652dcaecd8b28826fc17a8b2d6bb4e93?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/652dcaecd8b28826fc17a8b2d6bb4e93?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lsarah"},"hmcdede":{"type":"authors","id":"11635","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11635","found":true},"name":"Holly McDede","firstName":"Holly","lastName":"McDede","slug":"hmcdede","email":"hmcdede@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/999d9bf31bb3a2f0511932d99526cb3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author","edit_others_posts"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Holly McDede | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/999d9bf31bb3a2f0511932d99526cb3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/999d9bf31bb3a2f0511932d99526cb3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/hmcdede"},"cbeale":{"type":"authors","id":"11749","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11749","found":true},"name":"Christopher Beale","firstName":"Christopher","lastName":"Beale","slug":"cbeale","email":"cbeale@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Engineer/Producer/Reporter","bio":"\u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/realchrisjbeale\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Christopher J. Beale\u003c/a> is an award winning journalist, audio engineer, and media host living in San Francisco. \r\n\r\nChristopher works primarily as an audio engineer at KQED and serves as the sound designer for both the Bay Curious and Rightnowish podcasts. He is the host and producer of the LGBTQIA podcast and radio segment \u003ca href=\"https://stereotypespodcast.org\">Stereotypes\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"realchrisjbeale","facebook":null,"instagram":"http://instagram.com/realchrisjbeale","linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Christopher Beale | KQED","description":"Engineer/Producer/Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dc485bf84788eb7e7414eb638e72407e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cbeale"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11965937":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11965937","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11965937","score":null,"sort":[1698768039000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","title":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why?","publishDate":1698768039,"format":"standard","headTitle":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Bay Curious, KQED’s podcast that explores the Bay Area’s unique local legends, interesting landmarks and uncovered histories, is inviting listeners to take off their headphones and take a walk in a park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 4 and 5, our journalists will take small groups on guided tours of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/\">National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>, where they’ll tell stories about the formation of the memorial, known as The Grove. Along the way, there will be performances reflecting on the people who are remembered in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, has declined in the United States by 6% since 2010. But there’s been an escalation of new infections — 14% — in the Latinx community, particularly among gay and bisexual men. According to 2019 data from the CDC, Hispanic Americans \u003ca href=\"https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/hivaids-and-hispanic-americans#:~:text=Hispanic%20Americans%20accounted%20for%20almost,as%20compared%20to%20white%20males.\">accounted for almost 30% of new HIV infections\u003c/a> while making up only about 18% of the country’s population.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Francisco Buchting, Horizons Foundation\"]‘When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’ Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.’[/pullquote]In California, about 40% of residents identify as Hispanic or Latino, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/PST045222\">U.S. Census Bureau data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Buchting, vice president of grants, programs and communications at Horizons Foundation, which invests in LGBTQ nonprofits, told KQED there is a stigma about HIV in the Latinx community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’” he said. “Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, the face of the HIV movement was white, gay men. That, consequently, often left minorities absent from research literature, outreach initiatives and early treatment. In addition to homophobia, the entrenched religious beliefs in the Latinx diaspora contributed to the stigmatization of HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moral judgments about male same-gender relationships and fears of contagion dominated the public religious response during the first five or six years of the HIV epidemic, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Additionally, the cultural value of machismo \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/cdc-hiv-latinos-508.pdf\">may create reluctance to acknowledge risky behaviors\u003c/a> such as male-to-male sexual contact or substance misuse, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esperanza Macias, policy and communications director with the Instituto Familiar de La Raza, a San Francisco organization that promotes health in the Latino community, said gay Latin men often had to combat living outside of the stereotypes of being a dominant alpha male because they would face harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of men met in areas that ended up not being safe. That was the only way that they were able to explore their sexuality,” Macias said. “And, unfortunately, it was an unsafe way. And because they weren’t able to share that with their partners, oftentimes, their partners would also get HIV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]The 2019 CDC data found that both Hispanic men and women were four times as likely to have AIDS — the condition caused by HIV — as compared to white men and women. It also found that Hispanic men were twice as likely to die of HIV infection than non-Hispanic white men, while Hispanic women were three times as likely to die than non-Hispanic white women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buchting told KQED that a growing shift in recent decades to abstinence-only sex education in the U.S. and Latin America, fueled by conservatism and religion, complicated HIV prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think within the religion piece, especially in the space that I fund internationally, we look at religious fundamentalism as one of the driving forces for this — [the] safe, secure, legal access to comprehensive reproductive rights, including abortion or LGBTI rights,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macias, who has worked to teach youth of color about sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, said the push for abstinence messaging wasn’t good for the health of young people who have hormones and are naturally curious.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"aids\"]“It was a matter of exposing people to the concepts and to the importance and recognizing that it was much more a health issue than an issue of religion,” Macias said, referring to sex education. “It was not a tradeoff between promiscuity and other negative characteristics associated with sex education. It was really a matter of being a critical health issue — that it was important for young men and young women.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social and economic factors, like poverty, racial discrimination and lack of access to health care, can increase the risks of HIV, according to the CDC. But language barriers, low academic achievement and mistrust of the health care system may also affect the quality of HIV care many Latinos receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also several studies that indicate HIV-infected undocumented immigrants enter care at a more advanced stage than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented, you may not be as comfortable responding to surveys for a host of reasons,” Buchting said. “When I was working in HIV in LA, especially a lot of the Latino patients that I saw, they were accessing services much later, compared to the non-Latino patients. And their HIV had progressed to the point that sometimes the first encounter with them was already an AIDS diagnosis as opposed to an HIV infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented people also face unique barriers to receiving necessary care, including stigmatization, high levels of acculturation stress, and fear of deportation, according to the National Institutes of Health. Many also have very limited access to health care coverage and are ineligible to enroll in federally-funded health care programs like Medicaid and Medicare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Buchting said that compared to decades ago, there are now many more treatment options for HIV, which is currently viewed as a chronic medical illness that can be managed. Research on HIV has progressed significantly since the 1980s, he noted, including HIV prevention medication like pre-exposure prophylaxis, commonly known as PrEP, which reduces the risk of HIV from sex by 99%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, as HIV is evolving and less at the forefront, we’re looking at what other ways [we can] partner,” Macias said about Instituto Familiar de La Raza. “Then, if our focus is not so much on saving the LGBT Latino community from a fatal disease, what can we do to support their wellness now? And I feel like that’s a wonderful thing to witness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100,000 Latinos have died since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, according to a 2016 CDC report. Buchting says the work being done at the organizational level is made to honor those who passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that, hopefully, one day, there’ll be a cure, but until then, continue to work to help those infected and those that are living with it,” he said. “And try to do as much prevention as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Guided tours of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park are from 1–3 p.m. Nov. 4 and 5. Space is limited. Tickets cost $25. For more information and to register, visit \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">\u003ci>kqed.org\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Despite a national decline in HIV cases since 2010, infection rates have increased markedly in the Latinx community, especially among gay and bisexual men.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1698733179,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":1231},"headData":{"title":"As HIV Rates Fall Nationally, Latinx Communities Remain Disproportionately Impacted. Why? | KQED","description":"Despite a national decline in HIV cases since 2010, infection rates have increased markedly in the Latinx community, especially among gay and bisexual men.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"nprByline":"María Fernanda Bernal","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Curious, KQED’s podcast that explores the Bay Area’s unique local legends, interesting landmarks and uncovered histories, is inviting listeners to take off their headphones and take a walk in a park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 4 and 5, our journalists will take small groups on guided tours of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/\">National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>, where they’ll tell stories about the formation of the memorial, known as The Grove. Along the way, there will be performances reflecting on the people who are remembered in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, has declined in the United States by 6% since 2010. But there’s been an escalation of new infections — 14% — in the Latinx community, particularly among gay and bisexual men. According to 2019 data from the CDC, Hispanic Americans \u003ca href=\"https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/hivaids-and-hispanic-americans#:~:text=Hispanic%20Americans%20accounted%20for%20almost,as%20compared%20to%20white%20males.\">accounted for almost 30% of new HIV infections\u003c/a> while making up only about 18% of the country’s population.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’ Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Francisco Buchting, Horizons Foundation","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In California, about 40% of residents identify as Hispanic or Latino, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/PST045222\">U.S. Census Bureau data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Francisco Buchting, vice president of grants, programs and communications at Horizons Foundation, which invests in LGBTQ nonprofits, told KQED there is a stigma about HIV in the Latinx community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When HIV first started, it was the ‘gay cancer,’” he said. “Even in the present, it continues — homophobia — in parts of our community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, the face of the HIV movement was white, gay men. That, consequently, often left minorities absent from research literature, outreach initiatives and early treatment. In addition to homophobia, the entrenched religious beliefs in the Latinx diaspora contributed to the stigmatization of HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moral judgments about male same-gender relationships and fears of contagion dominated the public religious response during the first five or six years of the HIV epidemic, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Additionally, the cultural value of machismo \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/factsheets/cdc-hiv-latinos-508.pdf\">may create reluctance to acknowledge risky behaviors\u003c/a> such as male-to-male sexual contact or substance misuse, according to the CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esperanza Macias, policy and communications director with the Instituto Familiar de La Raza, a San Francisco organization that promotes health in the Latino community, said gay Latin men often had to combat living outside of the stereotypes of being a dominant alpha male because they would face harassment and assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of men met in areas that ended up not being safe. That was the only way that they were able to explore their sexuality,” Macias said. “And, unfortunately, it was an unsafe way. And because they weren’t able to share that with their partners, oftentimes, their partners would also get HIV.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The 2019 CDC data found that both Hispanic men and women were four times as likely to have AIDS — the condition caused by HIV — as compared to white men and women. It also found that Hispanic men were twice as likely to die of HIV infection than non-Hispanic white men, while Hispanic women were three times as likely to die than non-Hispanic white women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buchting told KQED that a growing shift in recent decades to abstinence-only sex education in the U.S. and Latin America, fueled by conservatism and religion, complicated HIV prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think within the religion piece, especially in the space that I fund internationally, we look at religious fundamentalism as one of the driving forces for this — [the] safe, secure, legal access to comprehensive reproductive rights, including abortion or LGBTI rights,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Macias, who has worked to teach youth of color about sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, said the push for abstinence messaging wasn’t good for the health of young people who have hormones and are naturally curious.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"aids"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It was a matter of exposing people to the concepts and to the importance and recognizing that it was much more a health issue than an issue of religion,” Macias said, referring to sex education. “It was not a tradeoff between promiscuity and other negative characteristics associated with sex education. It was really a matter of being a critical health issue — that it was important for young men and young women.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social and economic factors, like poverty, racial discrimination and lack of access to health care, can increase the risks of HIV, according to the CDC. But language barriers, low academic achievement and mistrust of the health care system may also affect the quality of HIV care many Latinos receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also several studies that indicate HIV-infected undocumented immigrants enter care at a more advanced stage than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re undocumented, you may not be as comfortable responding to surveys for a host of reasons,” Buchting said. “When I was working in HIV in LA, especially a lot of the Latino patients that I saw, they were accessing services much later, compared to the non-Latino patients. And their HIV had progressed to the point that sometimes the first encounter with them was already an AIDS diagnosis as opposed to an HIV infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented people also face unique barriers to receiving necessary care, including stigmatization, high levels of acculturation stress, and fear of deportation, according to the National Institutes of Health. Many also have very limited access to health care coverage and are ineligible to enroll in federally-funded health care programs like Medicaid and Medicare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Buchting said that compared to decades ago, there are now many more treatment options for HIV, which is currently viewed as a chronic medical illness that can be managed. Research on HIV has progressed significantly since the 1980s, he noted, including HIV prevention medication like pre-exposure prophylaxis, commonly known as PrEP, which reduces the risk of HIV from sex by 99%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, as HIV is evolving and less at the forefront, we’re looking at what other ways [we can] partner,” Macias said about Instituto Familiar de La Raza. “Then, if our focus is not so much on saving the LGBT Latino community from a fatal disease, what can we do to support their wellness now? And I feel like that’s a wonderful thing to witness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100,000 Latinos have died since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, according to a 2016 CDC report. Buchting says the work being done at the organizational level is made to honor those who passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that, hopefully, one day, there’ll be a cure, but until then, continue to work to help those infected and those that are living with it,” he said. “And try to do as much prevention as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Guided tours of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park are from 1–3 p.m. Nov. 4 and 5. Space is limited. Tickets cost $25. For more information and to register, visit \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">\u003ci>kqed.org\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11965937/as-hiv-rates-fall-nationally-latinx-communities-remain-disproportionately-impacted-why","authors":["byline_news_11965937"],"categories":["news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_30596","news_18426","news_1511","news_29548","news_33420"],"featImg":"news_11965426","label":"news"},"news_11965263":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11965263","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11965263","score":null,"sort":[1698267602000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","title":"'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove","publishDate":1698267602,"format":"standard","headTitle":"‘A Healing Place’: Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":17986,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious/\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> listener asked about the history of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park. It’s a beautiful, verdant place filled with ferns, redwood trees and a stone centerpiece engraved with the names of the many people lost to HIV/AIDS and the names of their friends and family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer the listener’s question, we created a theatrical walking tour into the stories behind the memorial garden. You can attend one of the tours on Nov. 4-5. They run at 1 p.m., 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">Full information and tickets here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED led in-depth interviews with activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the grove. Their stories are reflected in the dances and music you’ll see during the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts from those interviews. All photos are courtesy of the people interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of John Cunningham.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cunningham\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>John Cunningham\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he space is a geographic bowl. I believe it’s a holder of energy. It’s the only space in public land in San Francisco where it’s legal to deposit urns or spread ashes. It is the final resting place for hundreds of individuals. We often avail to families and loved ones a tree or some sort of plant for them so that they can create life out of death and then oftentimes return to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, I learned that I was HIV positive. I contracted the virus during a four or five-year stint of addiction, which I’ve conquered, which gave me the opportunity to rebuild my life. I have two Chinese symbols tattooed on my left shoulder, which are perseverance and longevity, or harnessing the energy of our life’s events to gain strength, perspective, wisdom. Because if we don’t go down that path, we tend to go down the dark path of being victims and jaded and negative. So I’ve tried to use that event in my life for other events in my life to create positive outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After coming off of disability from HIV, I re-entered the workforce and ended up working for a nonprofit called Positive Resource Center (PRC). They joined in the efforts to create the Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many individuals were cast aside or away from their communities, their homes, their places of worship, their churches. And I believe that many have found this to be that space, that sanctuary and the circle of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albeit the gay community was significantly adversely impacted, it was not the most significantly impacted single demographic. That would have been the hemophilia community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hemophilia community lost so many of their own members because of the injustice of a tainted blood supply that the government knew was tainted. They hoped they would find a cure, which we still don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half the hemophiliacs in America died in the 10-year period. It was a tragedy. And they said, “You know, if it wasn’t for you gay people, we would have gotten help.” It wasn’t right, but they were [correct] because of the stigma that was projected upon one segment of the population, i.e., gays. No one got help. And that is just a tragedy. But it speaks to how corrosive to a society prejudice and stigma and discrimination can be when you’re projecting against a health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to create their own AIDS memorial. And Jenny White, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_White\">Ryan White\u003c/a>’s mother said, “You’ve got one. It’s the National AIDS Memorial.” We worked and bridged some real chasms inside their community. The Hemophilia Circle was completed in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90% of those that are affected by bleeding disorders are men or boys. If you had one boy, you had three boys that all had hemophilia. And back in those days, they were probably all being transfused at the same center. So when you lost one, you lost them all. Most of the hemophilia community didn’t seek support within the gay community because the gay community was the only place that was really trying to do something. You were then alone. And your book of grieving was closed and you had nowhere to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the grove was also a project that helped people open that book of grieving again and come together. On the day the space was dedicated, there were about 250 to 300 individuals representing the National Hemophilia Foundation, the Hemophilia Federation of America, the community of 10,000 and family members from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hemophilia creates joint issues because it has blood pooling in ankles and knees. During the dedication these fathers, many with mobility issues, fell into other men’s arms crying and holding each other. When we welcomed them and stood here, it was clear they were all standing across from the circle, alone in the back. And I said to them, “We are one family. We were in one boat tragically connected. Come together, come in.” And we came together and shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965417\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965417\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-160x165.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dana Francis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Dana Francis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Social Worker with hemophiliacs\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap] worked at UCSF at the Hemophilia Treatment Center for over 20 years. I think at the beginning a lot of people felt that the gay community gave this to the hemophilia community by donating blood. The blood products that were made to control their hemophilia infected them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they knew what HIV was, the bloodmobile would come to 18th and Castro. Guys would line up and donate, but they didn’t know that their blood was infected. The gay community was one of the greatest civic players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My role as a social worker has been to say for years, “This is nobody’s fault.” A big part of my job was to get the guys with bleeding disorders to think about this whole thing differently. Some of them were already there, a lot of them weren’t. We worked at it slowly and carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It ended up being my calling in a way to do this work. I’ve always wanted to help other men think more broadly about their own humanity and their own emotional life. Nothing is going to get you into that position like having a chronic and life-threatening illness. I love helping men help themselves and help each other. It doesn’t sound like much, but it’s huge because men don’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t even know what hemophilia is. I didn’t when I started the job. They think they’ve heard maybe that if you cut yourself shaving, you bleed to death. Which you don’t! People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. So if they cut themselves shaving, they’re going to be changing a Band-Aid a couple of times that day. They’re missing a protein in their blood that we have and the clots are blood, but they don’t have it. So they bleed into their joints, knees, ankles, hips, elbows mostly. They have internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the treatment is much, much better than it used to be, and it’s getting better all the time, thank goodness, a lot of older folks are in wheelchairs because their knees are wrecked. So the ramps here at the grove are even for people to walk as much as they are for chairs. That’s perfect for this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Steve Sagaser.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Sagaser\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Steve Sagaser\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Senior Manager, Programs, AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y name is Steve Sagaser. I’m 57 years old. I am an HIV-positive gay male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after we graduated from UC Berkeley, my partner Sergio died, in 1993. It was very traumatic and devastating for me. I very much wanted to avoid the topic of HIV and AIDS as much as possible. I lived in our apartment for some time with all of his belongings there. I needed that. When he died I believed that I was going to be next. The thought of being tested terrified me. If I were tested, my death sentence would be confirmed. Just hearing about HIV/AIDS terrified me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after Sergio died I finally went to be tested. I was negative. It was several years later when I became positive, while I was addicted to meth. Many people become infected while using crystal meth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve all heard the expression “sick and tired of being sick and tired.” We use that a lot in the recovery community. That happened to me. I recall walking through Dolores Park one afternoon on my way home after using meth all night long. I was seeing all the people doing seemingly healthy things — going to work, or just enjoying the park. And there I was, on my way home to figure out how to get more meth, after walking the city like a rat in the night. And I remember, in that moment, thinking about, and missing, all the wonderful people in my life before I had become a drug addict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I decided to endure the long and terrible withdrawal. I started going to a lot of anonymous meetings and some AA meetings. In doing that, I was able to find a little group of friends. One of those friends became my partner of 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was exhausted from the constant chasing, of missing the people that I loved, all of whom were there waiting for me when I finally got my shit together. I always feel so blessed that they never abandoned me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most meaningful place to me in the grove is the Circle of Friends, where the name of Sergio’s nephew, Daniel, is located. He was only five years old when Sergio and I went to visit his family and we had taken him to Universal Studios. We never stayed in touch. But Daniel, some 16 years later, was able to find me. He’s my nephew now, and this is one of the gifts Sergio gave me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Circle of Friends are the names of people who have died from AIDS or people who have been impacted by AIDS. And Daniel is certainly one of those people. His family didn’t talk about what happened to Uncle Sergio. But Daniel is very intuitive and at a young age he started putting things together. One of those reasons is that Daniel is a gay man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had Daniel’s name engraved in there so that it was close to Sergio’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a Latino man.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg 1400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-800x711.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-1020x907.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-160x142.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Villa\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Daniel Villa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Steve’s Nephew\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he first time my uncle Sergio brought his partner Steve from Berkeley to our house was when I was five years old. I remember — I love telling Steve this now — “Staring at you because you were so pale and so different looking from my family!” He had shoulder-length blond hair. They took me to Universal Studios that day. I don’t remember any of the trips, but I remember the car ride, sitting in the back seat, feeling that there was something between them. And at the time I didn’t call it gay, but I felt something, even though they didn’t kiss in front of me or anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My family wasn’t very accepting of people being gay. So they were distant from Sergio. I always had questions about him and I was left with no answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day when I was around 14 or 15, my mom gave me Sergio’s thesis. He went to Berkeley, and he wrote a thesis about AIDS. I started to read it and there were way too many big words and phrases that I just could not understand. I put it in my closet for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My coming out was kind of dramatic. I called my mom after one of my first breakups, crying. And I was really embarrassed to tell her. And she said, “I already knew.” I sobbed, “Oh, you did?” She said, “Yes, don’t freak me out like that. I thought you were going to die or something!” My family then became very accepting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, I picked up the thesis again. And I noticed that at the end it said, ‘I dedicate this to my lover and best friend, Steven Sager.’ I had forgotten his name but always wondered about Sergio’s friend… I was so excited. I didn’t have the courage to actually search for him just yet. Because what if he was also dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know how to explain, but it’s almost like Sergio was with me. I felt very much like he was guiding me to Steven in some way, and I would think about his name a lot and that image of him when I was five. It went like that for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day I was driving. And I had this feeling that I’ve never felt before like somebody was pushing you to do something, where you wanted to \u003ci>do\u003c/i> something. I pulled over, I wasn’t even home yet. It was like Sergio was forcing me to pull over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never told Steven this because this whole story sounds crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got on Google. I searched Steven’s name. The first thing that came up was an AIDS nonprofit he worked for. And I go, “Oh my God, this has to be it. My uncle died of AIDS, and here he is working in it. This has to be him!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I called the number on the website and I was shaking so much because I wasn’t sure if it was going to be him. It goes straight to voicemail and I say, “My name is Daniel and I don’t know if you remember me, but I was five years old last time you saw me. And I’m the nephew of Sergio.” I must have been stuttering. It was so scary and exciting. And I get a phone call, like, maybe, 5 minutes later. And it was him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I finally got to talk to Sergio through him and obviously, he was just so excited to hear me. It was magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always felt loved by Sergio when he would visit when I was little. He would bring me trolls, the tiny ones with colored hair. Sergio was kind and really, really funny and witty. And it sounds like we’ve become alike, in many ways. I’ve loved hearing little stories about Sergio. But Steven was always such a beautiful person, being around him was always enough for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never knew how old Sergio was when he died. Steven said he was 21, and I thought it was so interesting that I found Steven at the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve known Steven for many years now since I found him. And I’m not in a hurry to know every single detail about Sergio because every time we see each other, we talk about him or I remember this or that. And it’s just nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom and John Cunningham — the CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove — coordinated a surprise for Steven. By this point my mom is very accepting, she loves me exactly for who I am. They engraved Steven’s name in the Circle of Friends by Sergio’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my mom was dying, I remember looking at the Circle of Friends and thinking about Steven’s experience as a caregiver, since I saw my mom’s illness from beginning to end. I never said thank you to Steven for the hard work he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965274\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 687px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965274 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg\" alt=\"A portrait of Gert McMullin.\" width=\"687\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gert McMullin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gert McMullin\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Quilt Conservator & Production Manager\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y given name is Cindy McMullin, but I gave myself the name Gert. I grew up in Oakland. I have been working with the quilt for 35, 36 years now. I’m the first volunteer that showed up at their first meeting. Cleve [Jones] didn’t even go to that meeting because he thought it was going to be a failure. But I’ve been working on sewing it ever since. I’ve made over 200 panels of my own and then helped thousands of people make what’s right behind me here. \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview was conducted in the warehouse where the quilt is stored in Fremont.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friends were the first to start dying in San Francisco and in the early 80s before they even knew. They didn’t even have a word for it — the first term was GRID [Gay Related Immune Deficiency]. Then it was just all the boys getting sick. By the time I started working with the quilt, I was about ready to flip it out. I just needed some place to put my energies that didn’t involve going to hospitals, because I was going to hospitals all the time visiting people. I needed to do something that was an action and activist-based thing. So that’s what got me. And I know how to sew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at a party when a guy who knew Cleve, said, “I think you need to call this guy.” That would have been in April of 1987. He told me about the first meeting and I made my first two panels and I brought them. There were about four other people at that meeting. It was a failure in our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I just got involved out of a selfish need for me to be able to get my emotions in check and not kill myself, you know, because it just really, really bad then and nobody knew what it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Roger Gail Lyon said, “I don’t want my epitaph to read: I died of red tape.” When he got sick I cared for him because his lover, David Case, had to work and I happened to have a lot of money then, so I didn’t have to worry about that. I really kind of fell in love with him during those months. And after he died, I found out about all the activism he had done. I was not an activist. But he changed me. My boyfriend had said to me at one point, “Well, if anybody deserves to know how this ends, Roger does”. And so through my eyes, I would let him see an end to it. So that’s why I got involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[Referring to the panels]\u003c/em> These are my boys. They’re all my friends on these walls and the people I’ve met and the things I’ve seen throughout my years keeps me here. I need the quilt as much as it needs me, if not more. Sometimes what “being involved” is being able to have this opportunity to help people a little through a bad time. I see a lot of pain in me and I put it into the quilt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think everybody should be so lucky to have a job like mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quilt is about anger and activism. It’s about being a memorial, too. But the Grove is about hope. And so there is a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965377\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\" alt=\"An older man and woman in puffy black jackets smile at the camera while standing outdoors in front of a small pine tree decorated with Christmas ornaments. The man is holding a small brown dog that is wearing a Santa Claus jacket. \" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nan Tribuzio (right) and her husband Eugene.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Nan Tribuzio\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]y name is Nan Tribuzio and I live in Morgan, Utah. I joined the Grove in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were at a garden show at Fort Mason in San Francisco, and there was a group there from the grove. They had bay leaves and invitations to sign the names of people that you had lost to AIDS or were dealing with AIDS. At that time, my son’s partner died. So he put his name and added it to the basket. That’s how we found out about the grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my son passed, a friend of his drove over to where the grove was. It still looked like a garbage dump then. He found out they had work days that you could volunteer at, so he contacted the office and asked if we could do a memorial at one of the work days for my son. And from then on, we were there every month. We were regular volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We kept my son in San Francisco as long as we could so he could be with his friends. And when he got too sick, we decided to bring him home. The big fear was that his friends wouldn’t be able to come. We just let them know they were welcome. Most every weekend we had a group at the house. They listened to music, interacted with us. They made my husband, [Eugene], an honorary gay because he was so friendly with them and treated them just like anybody else. And they were so thankful that we included them, instead of bringing Joe home and telling them they weren’t welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were included in a lot of the activities he had going on. Got to know all of his friends. The only thing he wouldn’t let me do is come to the gay pride parade. After he passed, that was one of the first things I did. I actually marched in the parade with a group from the grove, and I said, “I’m here, Joe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He passed in January 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I’m in the grove, I really feel Joe is with me. Joe did maintenance landscaping, so I know he would love the grove. The Circle of Friends is where I always gravitate. And even if we visit San Francisco when it’s not a work day, we go to the Grove and always go to the Circle of Friends. If it’s his birthday, we put flowers on his name. It’s just such a healing place, and everybody there has experienced losing someone to AIDS. So it’s easy to talk about. You just have so much in common. They’ve become family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many times when somebody will say, “How many children do you have?” I’ll say, two, but I lost my son. And then there is just this silence and they don’t know what to say. At the grove, I can talk about it and nobody’s uncomfortable. I think that’s the most healing thing for me. I have one friend that sends me a Mother’s Day card every year from Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someday I’ll probably scatter Joe’s ashes at the grove, but I have them here with me now. I combined his partner’s ashes and his ashes. He’s always with me. It was just his birthday the other day. He would have been 61. I see his friends who are his age, and it’s like, okay, that’s what he would look like. Yeah. Turned out great.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965282\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 704px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965282\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Tom Jenson.\" width=\"704\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg 704w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Jenson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Tom Jenson\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer, board member, garden expert\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap] believe scent and movement invoke memory. Not even floral, but nature and wet ground. Or the moisture of something dank inside the redwood grove in the darkness, where there’s non-movement and the chance to be with yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Ray [former head gardener] came to me years ago and said “I want to plant a thousand lavenders on the North Slope,” I was like, you have no argument from me because it’s bringing scent and movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became a gardener because I was a child seeking love from my father. My father was an aspiring landscape architect but was an engineer who then had five children, so decided he couldn’t go back to school and become what he wanted. His life was always gardening, planting, building. And I just sat there looking at the Sunset Western Garden guide and looking at plants and learning about plants. I probably would have naturally veered that way anyway. But it was a good way to spend time with my dad since I didn’t want to dribble basketballs with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner died on Memorial Day in 2000, and by June, I was at the grove for my first work day. I said, “You have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to understand —I was in high caregiving mode. I said to myself, “You have to go volunteer on the weekend because if you lay in bed and grieve, Monday morning, you’ll be calling in sick to work because you’ll get further and further under the covers.” So I came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, I was not social. My partner and I were both introverts, but also I grew up as a shy child, which is why I looked through the books of flowers and plants and read those. So coming here was intimidating to me because I’m like, oh, a group of people. And it’s outdoors. It’s not like just going to the hotline for the AIDS Foundation, which I did for a while, where you have your own little cubicle and your book of answers. I’m going to have to relate to people. I just convinced myself to just come here and I know what I’m doing in terms of weeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I left, I said, “I’ll see you next week.” And they’re like, “Oh, we only do this once a month.” And I was like, oh, no. I need this once a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I started asking this other volunteer questions. Like, what’s a board of directors? Why did they plant these? Why are these native plants in the sand dunes? I’m using the Latin names as I say those words because I read them in the book. I know about California plants, Western plants. And at some point, he said, “Do you want to join a committee?” Yeah! So I joined the Workday committee, which was designed to plan for the workdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I moved to the planning committee. We developed a very tight site committee that met with the gardener, and talked about: What are we doing next year? What are your ideas about improvements? What do you think needs to be done in three years? What should we be preparing for? Because it helps us raise funds too, letting people know something’s happening, and what’s going on with maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965283\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Vince Crisostomo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-1020x710.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-160x111.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo.jpeg 1150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vince Crisostomo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Vincent Crisostomo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Director of Aging Services, SFAF\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]’ve been living with HIV since 1985, and so it’s been a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am originally from Guam, and I was there for a couple of years doing HIV work. I opened the first organization funded to do HIV work in the Pacific. Then I went to DC and I was the director of field operations for a research study at Georgetown University. Then I went abroad and I lived in Thailand and did international work for about 6 1/2 years in HIV and AIDS. I was on the U.N. AIDS board for about five years, representing the Asia Pacific. Then I moved back to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t want my current job [Director of Aging Services, SF AIDS Foundation] when it was presented. But after a while, I needed a job so I applied. I was about to go on food stamps and general assistance. It’s been nine years now and it’s probably one of the best jobs I’ve ever had. We serve people who survived the HIV/AIDS epidemic. So people are 50, 60 and 70. I’m on a bunch of policy committees too [Human Rights Commission, Dignity Fund, State Equity for Aging committee, etc.].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, I do a lot of work with younger people, which has been really a revelation to me because I didn’t have this when I was in my twenties. Like, people, we were too busy fighting for our lives!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to hang out with young people and hear them talk about and also see them with each other, you know, in a way that my generation wasn’t able to do. We didn’t have the term BIPOC then. There just always seemed to be a competition going on, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m trying to live my life. I realize that there are many people who didn’t make it through the HIV AIDS epidemic. And so, I just feel that I owe it to them and to myself to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner and I moved back to San Francisco from New York in November of 1990, and my partner at the time, his name was Jesse Solomon, he passed away on October 6th, 1991. I got a call from somebody saying that they were going to plant a tree for Jesse in the Grove. I didn’t think too much about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then when I got this job, I’d bring my group of 50+ network to the Grove, for events, work days. It had been a seed that was planted in 1991. And I realized, like, my God, I never thought the tree would be here! It was really emotional. I didn’t think I was going to be here, be alive. There’s a lot of names that engraved in the Circle of Friends. I think Jesse’s name is there, and another friend, Joel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, we got this family, Al and Jane Nakatani and their sons. My generation of folks, we raised money to engrave all the names of the whole family. Initially, they thought they could only afford to do the sons. But we put the whole family’s name there. Jane had come from Hawaii and when she saw it, she gasped and burst into tears because she didn’t expect to see her name. And she said, “This is the first time our family has been together in public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997 I brought the quilt to Guam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had lived in New York in the eighties and I had this aerobics instructor who I adored. When I was on my way to Guam I stopped in NYC and went by the gym, just to see it. It had gone out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, we arrived in Guam and I met this young lady and she said to me, “Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for my brother’s quilt panel.” I said, I’m sure we can help you, tell me about your brother. And she says, “He was an aerobics director in New York.” And he was my aerobics instructor! We became instant friends and that was amazing. There are these incredible coincidences or synchronicities, but they just kind of happen. That’s the magic of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Ellen Shepherd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]‘m living in Sonoma and I’ve been living up here since 1994. I have a fairly active life, for my age. I turned 91 in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our second daughter, Kathy, passed from AIDS. It began when I got a phone call from Kathy saying her boyfriend had been taken to the hospital and was very ill. They made her have a blood test and told her that he was in throws of AIDS and that she was HIV positive. She said, “I don’t know what I’m going to do. I’m leaving him in the hospital. His brother’s going to come and take care of him. I just can’t do it anymore. He’s been sick and I’ve been taking care of him for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t sick, but she was very depressed to discover that she had HIV. Nobody up here in Sonoma really knew very much about it. Nobody knew much about taking care of women anyway, because there just weren’t that many women infected that we knew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think probably she would’ve been better off in San Francisco where the doctors had a little bit more experience. She stayed with us for about a year, and then she moved up to Guerneville on the Russian River. With her permission, I talked to the doctor that she had in Guerneville, and he said, “She’s one of those patients that always agrees with you when you say, ‘You’ve got to do this.’ And then she goes out and does what she wants anyway.” And I said, “Listen, she’s been like that all her life. Never argued with us, never gave us a bit of sass or anything, like some of the other kids.” But I said, “You have to go in and clean your room.” And she’d say, “Okay,” and go in and do something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her regime was to take her medications when she kind of got around to it, instead of as the doctor had prescribed. And she was drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was showing signs of really getting ill. Her complexion was very bad, and her eyesight was terrible. She had been driving my car when she lived here with us, but as her eyesight deteriorated, that was one of the signs that things were getting worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took her back to Guerneville, and that very night she called her sister Diana and said, “I’m so sick. I think I have to go to the hospital.” This was not the first time. But this time Diana took her to the hospital in Sebastopol, and they kept her. And the next day, my husband and I went up and they essentially told us, if there’s somebody you need to notify, you better do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We laughed with her. We had a wonderful evening, and she was very, very weak, but she seemed to have her wits about her. That was Sunday evening. Monday morning I got a call from the hospital that she had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was right around the 4th of July. I just couldn’t come to grips with it. I don’t have any place to really mourn her. Then I remembered reading something from the time we lived in San Francisco. There was something in the Chronicle about a memorial grove somewhere for AIDS and I thought it was in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I called one of the daughters who was living in San Francisco and said, “Do you know anything about it?” She lived right close by. She called me back in a couple of hours and said, “There is this beautiful place there. It’s called the Redwood AIDS Memorial Grove. I think you should call them. There’s a phone number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I did call, and I talked to a lady there, Sue Ellen. I said, “Would it be possible to plant a tree there?” And she said, “We have a volunteer day coming up and we would like to invite you to come to that day, and then we could do it right afterwards.” And so the whole family, my son, of course, my husband and I, and all four of the girls who were left, we all came to the volunteer day in September of 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We planted the tree, a little redwood tree, up in the De LaVega Dell. The tree was maybe five inches shorter than I was, so a little over five feet, which now 23 years later, is so tall you can’t see the top of it. That tree became so special and so sacred to us that both my husband and I said, “Boy, when we die, we’d like our ashes scattered there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a wonderful thing that there is a place where people are not worried about the fact that they may be a patient themselves. We just share in our grief, but we share also in our joy. We don’t go there and cry because it’s so sad, we go there because we want to work and make something beautiful and also so we don’t forget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ahead of our upcoming Bay Curious walking tours in the grove, read a collection of excerpts from in-depth interviews with the activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the sanctuary.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1698266358,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":108,"wordCount":6259},"headData":{"title":"'A Healing Place': Stories From the National AIDS Memorial Grove | KQED","description":"Ahead of our upcoming Bay Curious walking tours in the grove, read a collection of excerpts from in-depth interviews with the activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the sanctuary.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11965263/a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious/\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> listener asked about the history of the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park. It’s a beautiful, verdant place filled with ferns, redwood trees and a stone centerpiece engraved with the names of the many people lost to HIV/AIDS and the names of their friends and family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer the listener’s question, we created a theatrical walking tour into the stories behind the memorial garden. You can attend one of the tours on Nov. 4-5. They run at 1 p.m., 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/3582\">Full information and tickets here. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED led in-depth interviews with activists, survivors and loved ones who are integral to the grove. Their stories are reflected in the dances and music you’ll see during the tour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are excerpts from those interviews. All photos are courtesy of the people interviewed.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of John Cunningham.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/John-Cunningham-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Cunningham\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>John Cunningham\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he space is a geographic bowl. I believe it’s a holder of energy. It’s the only space in public land in San Francisco where it’s legal to deposit urns or spread ashes. It is the final resting place for hundreds of individuals. We often avail to families and loved ones a tree or some sort of plant for them so that they can create life out of death and then oftentimes return to visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1998, I learned that I was HIV positive. I contracted the virus during a four or five-year stint of addiction, which I’ve conquered, which gave me the opportunity to rebuild my life. I have two Chinese symbols tattooed on my left shoulder, which are perseverance and longevity, or harnessing the energy of our life’s events to gain strength, perspective, wisdom. Because if we don’t go down that path, we tend to go down the dark path of being victims and jaded and negative. So I’ve tried to use that event in my life for other events in my life to create positive outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After coming off of disability from HIV, I re-entered the workforce and ended up working for a nonprofit called Positive Resource Center (PRC). They joined in the efforts to create the Grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So many individuals were cast aside or away from their communities, their homes, their places of worship, their churches. And I believe that many have found this to be that space, that sanctuary and the circle of friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albeit the gay community was significantly adversely impacted, it was not the most significantly impacted single demographic. That would have been the hemophilia community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hemophilia community lost so many of their own members because of the injustice of a tainted blood supply that the government knew was tainted. They hoped they would find a cure, which we still don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half the hemophiliacs in America died in the 10-year period. It was a tragedy. And they said, “You know, if it wasn’t for you gay people, we would have gotten help.” It wasn’t right, but they were [correct] because of the stigma that was projected upon one segment of the population, i.e., gays. No one got help. And that is just a tragedy. But it speaks to how corrosive to a society prejudice and stigma and discrimination can be when you’re projecting against a health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to create their own AIDS memorial. And Jenny White, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_White\">Ryan White\u003c/a>’s mother said, “You’ve got one. It’s the National AIDS Memorial.” We worked and bridged some real chasms inside their community. The Hemophilia Circle was completed in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90% of those that are affected by bleeding disorders are men or boys. If you had one boy, you had three boys that all had hemophilia. And back in those days, they were probably all being transfused at the same center. So when you lost one, you lost them all. Most of the hemophilia community didn’t seek support within the gay community because the gay community was the only place that was really trying to do something. You were then alone. And your book of grieving was closed and you had nowhere to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the grove was also a project that helped people open that book of grieving again and come together. On the day the space was dedicated, there were about 250 to 300 individuals representing the National Hemophilia Foundation, the Hemophilia Federation of America, the community of 10,000 and family members from across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hemophilia creates joint issues because it has blood pooling in ankles and knees. During the dedication these fathers, many with mobility issues, fell into other men’s arms crying and holding each other. When we welcomed them and stood here, it was clear they were all standing across from the circle, alone in the back. And I said to them, “We are one family. We were in one boat tragically connected. Come together, come in.” And we came together and shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965417\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965417\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis-160x165.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/Dana-Francis.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dana Francis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Dana Francis\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Social Worker with hemophiliacs\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> worked at UCSF at the Hemophilia Treatment Center for over 20 years. I think at the beginning a lot of people felt that the gay community gave this to the hemophilia community by donating blood. The blood products that were made to control their hemophilia infected them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before they knew what HIV was, the bloodmobile would come to 18th and Castro. Guys would line up and donate, but they didn’t know that their blood was infected. The gay community was one of the greatest civic players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My role as a social worker has been to say for years, “This is nobody’s fault.” A big part of my job was to get the guys with bleeding disorders to think about this whole thing differently. Some of them were already there, a lot of them weren’t. We worked at it slowly and carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It ended up being my calling in a way to do this work. I’ve always wanted to help other men think more broadly about their own humanity and their own emotional life. Nothing is going to get you into that position like having a chronic and life-threatening illness. I love helping men help themselves and help each other. It doesn’t sound like much, but it’s huge because men don’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don’t even know what hemophilia is. I didn’t when I started the job. They think they’ve heard maybe that if you cut yourself shaving, you bleed to death. Which you don’t! People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. So if they cut themselves shaving, they’re going to be changing a Band-Aid a couple of times that day. They’re missing a protein in their blood that we have and the clots are blood, but they don’t have it. So they bleed into their joints, knees, ankles, hips, elbows mostly. They have internal bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the treatment is much, much better than it used to be, and it’s getting better all the time, thank goodness, a lot of older folks are in wheelchairs because their knees are wrecked. So the ramps here at the grove are even for people to walk as much as they are for chairs. That’s perfect for this community.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965280\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Steve Sagaser.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-800x800.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1020x1020.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-160x160.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Steve-Sagaser-1920x1920.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Sagaser\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Steve Sagaser\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Senior Manager, Programs, AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y name is Steve Sagaser. I’m 57 years old. I am an HIV-positive gay male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after we graduated from UC Berkeley, my partner Sergio died, in 1993. It was very traumatic and devastating for me. I very much wanted to avoid the topic of HIV and AIDS as much as possible. I lived in our apartment for some time with all of his belongings there. I needed that. When he died I believed that I was going to be next. The thought of being tested terrified me. If I were tested, my death sentence would be confirmed. Just hearing about HIV/AIDS terrified me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years after Sergio died I finally went to be tested. I was negative. It was several years later when I became positive, while I was addicted to meth. Many people become infected while using crystal meth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve all heard the expression “sick and tired of being sick and tired.” We use that a lot in the recovery community. That happened to me. I recall walking through Dolores Park one afternoon on my way home after using meth all night long. I was seeing all the people doing seemingly healthy things — going to work, or just enjoying the park. And there I was, on my way home to figure out how to get more meth, after walking the city like a rat in the night. And I remember, in that moment, thinking about, and missing, all the wonderful people in my life before I had become a drug addict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I decided to endure the long and terrible withdrawal. I started going to a lot of anonymous meetings and some AA meetings. In doing that, I was able to find a little group of friends. One of those friends became my partner of 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was exhausted from the constant chasing, of missing the people that I loved, all of whom were there waiting for me when I finally got my shit together. I always feel so blessed that they never abandoned me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most meaningful place to me in the grove is the Circle of Friends, where the name of Sergio’s nephew, Daniel, is located. He was only five years old when Sergio and I went to visit his family and we had taken him to Universal Studios. We never stayed in touch. But Daniel, some 16 years later, was able to find me. He’s my nephew now, and this is one of the gifts Sergio gave me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Circle of Friends are the names of people who have died from AIDS or people who have been impacted by AIDS. And Daniel is certainly one of those people. His family didn’t talk about what happened to Uncle Sergio. But Daniel is very intuitive and at a young age he started putting things together. One of those reasons is that Daniel is a gay man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had Daniel’s name engraved in there so that it was close to Sergio’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a Latino man.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post.jpg 1400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-800x711.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-1020x907.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Daniel-Villa-for-post-160x142.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Villa\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Daniel Villa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Steve’s Nephew\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>he first time my uncle Sergio brought his partner Steve from Berkeley to our house was when I was five years old. I remember — I love telling Steve this now — “Staring at you because you were so pale and so different looking from my family!” He had shoulder-length blond hair. They took me to Universal Studios that day. I don’t remember any of the trips, but I remember the car ride, sitting in the back seat, feeling that there was something between them. And at the time I didn’t call it gay, but I felt something, even though they didn’t kiss in front of me or anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My family wasn’t very accepting of people being gay. So they were distant from Sergio. I always had questions about him and I was left with no answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day when I was around 14 or 15, my mom gave me Sergio’s thesis. He went to Berkeley, and he wrote a thesis about AIDS. I started to read it and there were way too many big words and phrases that I just could not understand. I put it in my closet for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My coming out was kind of dramatic. I called my mom after one of my first breakups, crying. And I was really embarrassed to tell her. And she said, “I already knew.” I sobbed, “Oh, you did?” She said, “Yes, don’t freak me out like that. I thought you were going to die or something!” My family then became very accepting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, I picked up the thesis again. And I noticed that at the end it said, ‘I dedicate this to my lover and best friend, Steven Sager.’ I had forgotten his name but always wondered about Sergio’s friend… I was so excited. I didn’t have the courage to actually search for him just yet. Because what if he was also dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t know how to explain, but it’s almost like Sergio was with me. I felt very much like he was guiding me to Steven in some way, and I would think about his name a lot and that image of him when I was five. It went like that for a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then one day I was driving. And I had this feeling that I’ve never felt before like somebody was pushing you to do something, where you wanted to \u003ci>do\u003c/i> something. I pulled over, I wasn’t even home yet. It was like Sergio was forcing me to pull over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never told Steven this because this whole story sounds crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got on Google. I searched Steven’s name. The first thing that came up was an AIDS nonprofit he worked for. And I go, “Oh my God, this has to be it. My uncle died of AIDS, and here he is working in it. This has to be him!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I called the number on the website and I was shaking so much because I wasn’t sure if it was going to be him. It goes straight to voicemail and I say, “My name is Daniel and I don’t know if you remember me, but I was five years old last time you saw me. And I’m the nephew of Sergio.” I must have been stuttering. It was so scary and exciting. And I get a phone call, like, maybe, 5 minutes later. And it was him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I finally got to talk to Sergio through him and obviously, he was just so excited to hear me. It was magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I always felt loved by Sergio when he would visit when I was little. He would bring me trolls, the tiny ones with colored hair. Sergio was kind and really, really funny and witty. And it sounds like we’ve become alike, in many ways. I’ve loved hearing little stories about Sergio. But Steven was always such a beautiful person, being around him was always enough for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I never knew how old Sergio was when he died. Steven said he was 21, and I thought it was so interesting that I found Steven at the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve known Steven for many years now since I found him. And I’m not in a hurry to know every single detail about Sergio because every time we see each other, we talk about him or I remember this or that. And it’s just nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom and John Cunningham — the CEO of the National AIDS Memorial Grove — coordinated a surprise for Steven. By this point my mom is very accepting, she loves me exactly for who I am. They engraved Steven’s name in the Circle of Friends by Sergio’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my mom was dying, I remember looking at the Circle of Friends and thinking about Steven’s experience as a caregiver, since I saw my mom’s illness from beginning to end. I never said thank you to Steven for the hard work he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965274\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 687px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965274 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg\" alt=\"A portrait of Gert McMullin.\" width=\"687\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin.jpeg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Gert-McMullin-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gert McMullin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gert McMullin\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Quilt Conservator & Production Manager\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y given name is Cindy McMullin, but I gave myself the name Gert. I grew up in Oakland. I have been working with the quilt for 35, 36 years now. I’m the first volunteer that showed up at their first meeting. Cleve [Jones] didn’t even go to that meeting because he thought it was going to be a failure. But I’ve been working on sewing it ever since. I’ve made over 200 panels of my own and then helped thousands of people make what’s right behind me here. \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview was conducted in the warehouse where the quilt is stored in Fremont.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friends were the first to start dying in San Francisco and in the early 80s before they even knew. They didn’t even have a word for it — the first term was GRID [Gay Related Immune Deficiency]. Then it was just all the boys getting sick. By the time I started working with the quilt, I was about ready to flip it out. I just needed some place to put my energies that didn’t involve going to hospitals, because I was going to hospitals all the time visiting people. I needed to do something that was an action and activist-based thing. So that’s what got me. And I know how to sew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was at a party when a guy who knew Cleve, said, “I think you need to call this guy.” That would have been in April of 1987. He told me about the first meeting and I made my first two panels and I brought them. There were about four other people at that meeting. It was a failure in our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I just got involved out of a selfish need for me to be able to get my emotions in check and not kill myself, you know, because it just really, really bad then and nobody knew what it was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My friend Roger Gail Lyon said, “I don’t want my epitaph to read: I died of red tape.” When he got sick I cared for him because his lover, David Case, had to work and I happened to have a lot of money then, so I didn’t have to worry about that. I really kind of fell in love with him during those months. And after he died, I found out about all the activism he had done. I was not an activist. But he changed me. My boyfriend had said to me at one point, “Well, if anybody deserves to know how this ends, Roger does”. And so through my eyes, I would let him see an end to it. So that’s why I got involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>[Referring to the panels]\u003c/em> These are my boys. They’re all my friends on these walls and the people I’ve met and the things I’ve seen throughout my years keeps me here. I need the quilt as much as it needs me, if not more. Sometimes what “being involved” is being able to have this opportunity to help people a little through a bad time. I see a lot of pain in me and I put it into the quilt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think everybody should be so lucky to have a job like mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quilt is about anger and activism. It’s about being a memorial, too. But the Grove is about hope. And so there is a big difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965377\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11965377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg\" alt=\"An older man and woman in puffy black jackets smile at the camera while standing outdoors in front of a small pine tree decorated with Christmas ornaments. The man is holding a small brown dog that is wearing a Santa Claus jacket. \" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Nan-and-Eugene-Tribuzio-160x120.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nan Tribuzio (right) and her husband Eugene.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Nan Tribuzio\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>y name is Nan Tribuzio and I live in Morgan, Utah. I joined the Grove in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were at a garden show at Fort Mason in San Francisco, and there was a group there from the grove. They had bay leaves and invitations to sign the names of people that you had lost to AIDS or were dealing with AIDS. At that time, my son’s partner died. So he put his name and added it to the basket. That’s how we found out about the grove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When my son passed, a friend of his drove over to where the grove was. It still looked like a garbage dump then. He found out they had work days that you could volunteer at, so he contacted the office and asked if we could do a memorial at one of the work days for my son. And from then on, we were there every month. We were regular volunteers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We kept my son in San Francisco as long as we could so he could be with his friends. And when he got too sick, we decided to bring him home. The big fear was that his friends wouldn’t be able to come. We just let them know they were welcome. Most every weekend we had a group at the house. They listened to music, interacted with us. They made my husband, [Eugene], an honorary gay because he was so friendly with them and treated them just like anybody else. And they were so thankful that we included them, instead of bringing Joe home and telling them they weren’t welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were included in a lot of the activities he had going on. Got to know all of his friends. The only thing he wouldn’t let me do is come to the gay pride parade. After he passed, that was one of the first things I did. I actually marched in the parade with a group from the grove, and I said, “I’m here, Joe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He passed in January 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I’m in the grove, I really feel Joe is with me. Joe did maintenance landscaping, so I know he would love the grove. The Circle of Friends is where I always gravitate. And even if we visit San Francisco when it’s not a work day, we go to the Grove and always go to the Circle of Friends. If it’s his birthday, we put flowers on his name. It’s just such a healing place, and everybody there has experienced losing someone to AIDS. So it’s easy to talk about. You just have so much in common. They’ve become family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many times when somebody will say, “How many children do you have?” I’ll say, two, but I lost my son. And then there is just this silence and they don’t know what to say. At the grove, I can talk about it and nobody’s uncomfortable. I think that’s the most healing thing for me. I have one friend that sends me a Mother’s Day card every year from Joe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Someday I’ll probably scatter Joe’s ashes at the grove, but I have them here with me now. I combined his partner’s ashes and his ashes. He’s always with me. It was just his birthday the other day. He would have been 61. I see his friends who are his age, and it’s like, okay, that’s what he would look like. Yeah. Turned out great.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965282\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 704px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965282\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Tom Jenson.\" width=\"704\" height=\"704\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson.jpeg 704w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/tomjenson-160x160.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Jenson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Tom Jenson\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer, board member, garden expert\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> believe scent and movement invoke memory. Not even floral, but nature and wet ground. Or the moisture of something dank inside the redwood grove in the darkness, where there’s non-movement and the chance to be with yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Ray [former head gardener] came to me years ago and said “I want to plant a thousand lavenders on the North Slope,” I was like, you have no argument from me because it’s bringing scent and movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I became a gardener because I was a child seeking love from my father. My father was an aspiring landscape architect but was an engineer who then had five children, so decided he couldn’t go back to school and become what he wanted. His life was always gardening, planting, building. And I just sat there looking at the Sunset Western Garden guide and looking at plants and learning about plants. I probably would have naturally veered that way anyway. But it was a good way to spend time with my dad since I didn’t want to dribble basketballs with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner died on Memorial Day in 2000, and by June, I was at the grove for my first work day. I said, “You have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to understand —I was in high caregiving mode. I said to myself, “You have to go volunteer on the weekend because if you lay in bed and grieve, Monday morning, you’ll be calling in sick to work because you’ll get further and further under the covers.” So I came here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, I was not social. My partner and I were both introverts, but also I grew up as a shy child, which is why I looked through the books of flowers and plants and read those. So coming here was intimidating to me because I’m like, oh, a group of people. And it’s outdoors. It’s not like just going to the hotline for the AIDS Foundation, which I did for a while, where you have your own little cubicle and your book of answers. I’m going to have to relate to people. I just convinced myself to just come here and I know what I’m doing in terms of weeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I left, I said, “I’ll see you next week.” And they’re like, “Oh, we only do this once a month.” And I was like, oh, no. I need this once a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I started asking this other volunteer questions. Like, what’s a board of directors? Why did they plant these? Why are these native plants in the sand dunes? I’m using the Latin names as I say those words because I read them in the book. I know about California plants, Western plants. And at some point, he said, “Do you want to join a committee?” Yeah! So I joined the Workday committee, which was designed to plan for the workdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then I moved to the planning committee. We developed a very tight site committee that met with the gardener, and talked about: What are we doing next year? What are your ideas about improvements? What do you think needs to be done in three years? What should we be preparing for? Because it helps us raise funds too, letting people know something’s happening, and what’s going on with maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965283\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11965283\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg\" alt=\"Portrait of Vince Crisostomo.\" width=\"800\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-800x557.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-1020x710.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo-160x111.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/Vince-Crisostomo.jpeg 1150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vince Crisostomo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Vincent Crisostomo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Director of Aging Services, SFAF\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>’ve been living with HIV since 1985, and so it’s been a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am originally from Guam, and I was there for a couple of years doing HIV work. I opened the first organization funded to do HIV work in the Pacific. Then I went to DC and I was the director of field operations for a research study at Georgetown University. Then I went abroad and I lived in Thailand and did international work for about 6 1/2 years in HIV and AIDS. I was on the U.N. AIDS board for about five years, representing the Asia Pacific. Then I moved back to San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I didn’t want my current job [Director of Aging Services, SF AIDS Foundation] when it was presented. But after a while, I needed a job so I applied. I was about to go on food stamps and general assistance. It’s been nine years now and it’s probably one of the best jobs I’ve ever had. We serve people who survived the HIV/AIDS epidemic. So people are 50, 60 and 70. I’m on a bunch of policy committees too [Human Rights Commission, Dignity Fund, State Equity for Aging committee, etc.].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, I do a lot of work with younger people, which has been really a revelation to me because I didn’t have this when I was in my twenties. Like, people, we were too busy fighting for our lives!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just to hang out with young people and hear them talk about and also see them with each other, you know, in a way that my generation wasn’t able to do. We didn’t have the term BIPOC then. There just always seemed to be a competition going on, you know?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m trying to live my life. I realize that there are many people who didn’t make it through the HIV AIDS epidemic. And so, I just feel that I owe it to them and to myself to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My partner and I moved back to San Francisco from New York in November of 1990, and my partner at the time, his name was Jesse Solomon, he passed away on October 6th, 1991. I got a call from somebody saying that they were going to plant a tree for Jesse in the Grove. I didn’t think too much about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then when I got this job, I’d bring my group of 50+ network to the Grove, for events, work days. It had been a seed that was planted in 1991. And I realized, like, my God, I never thought the tree would be here! It was really emotional. I didn’t think I was going to be here, be alive. There’s a lot of names that engraved in the Circle of Friends. I think Jesse’s name is there, and another friend, Joel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, we got this family, Al and Jane Nakatani and their sons. My generation of folks, we raised money to engrave all the names of the whole family. Initially, they thought they could only afford to do the sons. But we put the whole family’s name there. Jane had come from Hawaii and when she saw it, she gasped and burst into tears because she didn’t expect to see her name. And she said, “This is the first time our family has been together in public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1997 I brought the quilt to Guam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had lived in New York in the eighties and I had this aerobics instructor who I adored. When I was on my way to Guam I stopped in NYC and went by the gym, just to see it. It had gone out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyway, we arrived in Guam and I met this young lady and she said to me, “Excuse me, can you help me? I’m looking for my brother’s quilt panel.” I said, I’m sure we can help you, tell me about your brother. And she says, “He was an aerobics director in New York.” And he was my aerobics instructor! We became instant friends and that was amazing. There are these incredible coincidences or synchronicities, but they just kind of happen. That’s the magic of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch2>Ellen Shepherd\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Early volunteer\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>‘m living in Sonoma and I’ve been living up here since 1994. I have a fairly active life, for my age. I turned 91 in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our second daughter, Kathy, passed from AIDS. It began when I got a phone call from Kathy saying her boyfriend had been taken to the hospital and was very ill. They made her have a blood test and told her that he was in throws of AIDS and that she was HIV positive. She said, “I don’t know what I’m going to do. I’m leaving him in the hospital. His brother’s going to come and take care of him. I just can’t do it anymore. He’s been sick and I’ve been taking care of him for months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t sick, but she was very depressed to discover that she had HIV. Nobody up here in Sonoma really knew very much about it. Nobody knew much about taking care of women anyway, because there just weren’t that many women infected that we knew about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think probably she would’ve been better off in San Francisco where the doctors had a little bit more experience. She stayed with us for about a year, and then she moved up to Guerneville on the Russian River. With her permission, I talked to the doctor that she had in Guerneville, and he said, “She’s one of those patients that always agrees with you when you say, ‘You’ve got to do this.’ And then she goes out and does what she wants anyway.” And I said, “Listen, she’s been like that all her life. Never argued with us, never gave us a bit of sass or anything, like some of the other kids.” But I said, “You have to go in and clean your room.” And she’d say, “Okay,” and go in and do something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her regime was to take her medications when she kind of got around to it, instead of as the doctor had prescribed. And she was drinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was showing signs of really getting ill. Her complexion was very bad, and her eyesight was terrible. She had been driving my car when she lived here with us, but as her eyesight deteriorated, that was one of the signs that things were getting worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We took her back to Guerneville, and that very night she called her sister Diana and said, “I’m so sick. I think I have to go to the hospital.” This was not the first time. But this time Diana took her to the hospital in Sebastopol, and they kept her. And the next day, my husband and I went up and they essentially told us, if there’s somebody you need to notify, you better do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We laughed with her. We had a wonderful evening, and she was very, very weak, but she seemed to have her wits about her. That was Sunday evening. Monday morning I got a call from the hospital that she had died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was right around the 4th of July. I just couldn’t come to grips with it. I don’t have any place to really mourn her. Then I remembered reading something from the time we lived in San Francisco. There was something in the Chronicle about a memorial grove somewhere for AIDS and I thought it was in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I called one of the daughters who was living in San Francisco and said, “Do you know anything about it?” She lived right close by. She called me back in a couple of hours and said, “There is this beautiful place there. It’s called the Redwood AIDS Memorial Grove. I think you should call them. There’s a phone number.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I did call, and I talked to a lady there, Sue Ellen. I said, “Would it be possible to plant a tree there?” And she said, “We have a volunteer day coming up and we would like to invite you to come to that day, and then we could do it right afterwards.” And so the whole family, my son, of course, my husband and I, and all four of the girls who were left, we all came to the volunteer day in September of 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We planted the tree, a little redwood tree, up in the De LaVega Dell. The tree was maybe five inches shorter than I was, so a little over five feet, which now 23 years later, is so tall you can’t see the top of it. That tree became so special and so sacred to us that both my husband and I said, “Boy, when we die, we’d like our ashes scattered there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is a wonderful thing that there is a place where people are not worried about the fact that they may be a patient themselves. We just share in our grief, but we share also in our joy. We don’t go there and cry because it’s so sad, we go there because we want to work and make something beautiful and also so we don’t forget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11965263/a-healing-place-stories-of-loss-and-resilience-from-the-national-aids-memorial-grove","authors":["102"],"series":["news_17986"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_30596","news_2304","news_1511","news_31170"],"featImg":"news_11965428","label":"news_17986"},"news_11919755":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11919755","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11919755","score":null,"sort":[1658023350000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"were-ringing-the-alarm-efforts-rise-to-ensure-monkeypox-spread-is-taken-seriously","title":"'We're Ringing the Alarm': Efforts Rise to Ensure Monkeypox Spread Is Taken Seriously","publishDate":1658023350,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>As of July 15, there were at least \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/monkeypox-cases#:~:text=On%20July%2012%2C%202022%2C%20SFDPH,for%20Disease%20Control%20and%20Prevention.\">86 confirmed cases of monkeypox in San Francisco\u003c/a>. The virus spreads through close physical contact, and rates of infection right now are highest among men who have sex with other men. Many have been critical of the federal response to the virus, decrying a lack of vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city ran out of monkeypox vaccines last week. On Friday, San Francisco health officials announced they'll soon get 4,163 vaccines over the next week. Still, that's far short of the 35,000 doses the city requested of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will help, but it is not nearly enough and we will keep advocating for adequate supply from our federal partners,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LondonBreed/status/1548095281798860800\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That isn't a guarantee of an increase in vaccine supply in the future. Last week, public health advocates and some officials, including State Sen. Scott Wiener, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919593/misery-for-many-people-local-leaders-decry-federal-governments-slow-distribution-of-monkeypox-vaccines\">openly called the lack of monkeypox vaccines a failure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need an enormous amount of additional vaccine doses, and we need it immediately. The federal government's failures are threatening to deeply harm our community,\" Wiener said, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out more on monkeypox's impact on the LGBTQ+ community, KQED's Holly J. McDede spoke with \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/collections/breaking-news/tyler-termeer-phd-appointed-ceo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tyler TerMeer\u003c/a>, CEO of the San Francisco AIDS Foundation, to learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>HOLLY J. MCDEDE: You made a point at a digital town hall earlier this week saying we shouldn't draw a direct correlation between this moment and the start of the AIDS epidemic. Why is that and what are the differences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TYLER TERMEER:\u003c/strong> I think the HIV epidemic in its own right has a very important story to tell. My point at the town hall was that while there are certainly very similar moments around the public health failure that existed in both cases, specifically for a group of men who have sex with men in our country, HIV and the public failure that was in the early '80s and '90s is one that deserves its own storyline and one where people were dying at rates that are unimaginable and unthinkable at this point in our history. The federal government in that moment was still not acting because it was a politicized issue and highly stigmatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, decades after the start of the HIV epidemic, a group of individuals, the same group, in this case, cis[gender] and transgender men, as well as nonbinary individuals, are facing a crisis in their community. We have learned so much about how to effectively respond to crises among our community and have learned a lot in the last two years related to the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccine distribution. So, why is it that now when a crisis is impacting this same group of folks, there is a lack of urgency in their response?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of us are asking that question. We know that there are vaccines still available at the federal and state level that could be distributed here in San Francisco. We know that there are supply chain issues, but I think we are ringing the alarm in this moment because, one, we don't want this to be not taken seriously. And at the same time, we're worried that it is being over-politicized as a LGBTQ issue and that it is being highly stigmatized among the community for those who identify as cis[gender] men or transgender men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given the differences and some similarities, can you talk a little bit about whether there are lessons from the AIDS epidemic that the foundation is using in the fight against monkeypox?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the earliest days of the HIV epidemic, the community itself had to come together to act up and to fight back. We were educating one another. We were calling on one another to ring the alarm of urgency and to place pressure on local, state and federal public health. We're reliving that experience in this moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11919762\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11919762 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bald man with a salt and pepper beard and red sweater holds a microphone whiel standing among a crowd, outside. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Tyler TerMeer speaks during a rally for housing rights in support of long-time LGBTQ+-rights activist Cleve Jones at Harvey Milk Plaza in San Francisco on March 27, 2022. Jones was facing a rent increase that would more than double the price of his Castro apartment. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We receive phone calls every day at the foundation on our monkeypox hotline of folks who are fearful of what's happening, who don't know where to turn to for access to vaccine, and want to know what they can do to push back and to fight back. Organizations like \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/\">San Francisco AIDS Foundation\u003c/a> and community activists are pulling together to demand that we get vaccines as quickly as possible into our communities and into the hands of trusted community partners so that we can offer this vaccine in a culturally safe and affirming way to all those that need and deserve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \u003ca href=\"https://sf.aidswalk.net/\">AIDS Walk\u003c/a> is happening this weekend. Do you expect monkeypox to be front of mind for people who are participating?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think in any moment where the broader LGBTQ community comes together, we're educating one another and we're coming together to fight and advocate for what is most needed for our community. So these moments like the AIDS Walk are an opportunity for community mobilization and for our community to lean into one another through some of the most difficult chapters of our movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the No. 1 thing you would ask of the federal government when it comes to curbing monkeypox infections here in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need access to vaccine, and we need it as quickly as possible. We need a coordinated response across our public health agencies and the community partners that they work with each and every day, in order to not make the mistakes in the past, in terms of equitable distribution of vaccines.[aside tag=\"monkeypox\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to ensure that trusted community partners who have long relationships with communities of color or other communities that have traditionally had very valid reasons for medical mistrust or have not had the same access and opportunity to health care services are front of mind in any vaccine equity conversations, and that we have enough vaccines available in our community that we can offer it not just to those who may have had an exposure, but in a preventative way to anyone who feels like they may be of high risk in our community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there anything else that you wanted to mention?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While we are doing our best to get vaccine out into the community and answer all of the questions and concerns that continue to come into the foundation, we currently have over 3,000 individuals on our waiting list. The city is out of vaccines and we've received no updated reports from state or local health on when we might see more vaccine at our clinic in the Castro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This interview was conducted Friday at noon. At 4:45 p.m. the San Francisco Department of Public Health announced a new delivery of vaccines for monkeypox, though as of publication they are not yet available.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SF_DPH/status/1548091658490695682\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now we're mobilizing to get as many folks as possible to \u003ca href=\"https://p2a.co/vPUT5kN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sign on to our petition\u003c/a> that will go to the state and federal government asking for more vaccines now [and] for an equitable response to the monkeypox crisis in our community. And to ensure that testing and treatment are available to all those who need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it's important to emphasize that anyone can get monkeypox and that we promote it as a public health concern for all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Anaïs-Ophelia Lino and Bay City News contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Advocates have criticized the federal government for failing to roll out enough monkeypox vaccines to help an outbreak in San Francisco.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1658172778,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1313},"headData":{"title":"'We're Ringing the Alarm': Efforts Rise to Ensure Monkeypox Spread Is Taken Seriously | KQED","description":"Advocates have criticized the federal government for failing to roll out enough monkeypox vaccines to help an outbreak in San Francisco.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11919755 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11919755","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/07/16/were-ringing-the-alarm-efforts-rise-to-ensure-monkeypox-spread-is-taken-seriously/","disqusTitle":"'We're Ringing the Alarm': Efforts Rise to Ensure Monkeypox Spread Is Taken Seriously","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11919755/were-ringing-the-alarm-efforts-rise-to-ensure-monkeypox-spread-is-taken-seriously","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As of July 15, there were at least \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/monkeypox-cases#:~:text=On%20July%2012%2C%202022%2C%20SFDPH,for%20Disease%20Control%20and%20Prevention.\">86 confirmed cases of monkeypox in San Francisco\u003c/a>. The virus spreads through close physical contact, and rates of infection right now are highest among men who have sex with other men. Many have been critical of the federal response to the virus, decrying a lack of vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city ran out of monkeypox vaccines last week. On Friday, San Francisco health officials announced they'll soon get 4,163 vaccines over the next week. Still, that's far short of the 35,000 doses the city requested of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will help, but it is not nearly enough and we will keep advocating for adequate supply from our federal partners,\" \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LondonBreed/status/1548095281798860800\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That isn't a guarantee of an increase in vaccine supply in the future. Last week, public health advocates and some officials, including State Sen. Scott Wiener, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919593/misery-for-many-people-local-leaders-decry-federal-governments-slow-distribution-of-monkeypox-vaccines\">openly called the lack of monkeypox vaccines a failure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need an enormous amount of additional vaccine doses, and we need it immediately. The federal government's failures are threatening to deeply harm our community,\" Wiener said, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out more on monkeypox's impact on the LGBTQ+ community, KQED's Holly J. McDede spoke with \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/collections/breaking-news/tyler-termeer-phd-appointed-ceo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tyler TerMeer\u003c/a>, CEO of the San Francisco AIDS Foundation, to learn more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>HOLLY J. MCDEDE: You made a point at a digital town hall earlier this week saying we shouldn't draw a direct correlation between this moment and the start of the AIDS epidemic. Why is that and what are the differences?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TYLER TERMEER:\u003c/strong> I think the HIV epidemic in its own right has a very important story to tell. My point at the town hall was that while there are certainly very similar moments around the public health failure that existed in both cases, specifically for a group of men who have sex with men in our country, HIV and the public failure that was in the early '80s and '90s is one that deserves its own storyline and one where people were dying at rates that are unimaginable and unthinkable at this point in our history. The federal government in that moment was still not acting because it was a politicized issue and highly stigmatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, decades after the start of the HIV epidemic, a group of individuals, the same group, in this case, cis[gender] and transgender men, as well as nonbinary individuals, are facing a crisis in their community. We have learned so much about how to effectively respond to crises among our community and have learned a lot in the last two years related to the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccine distribution. So, why is it that now when a crisis is impacting this same group of folks, there is a lack of urgency in their response?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why is that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of us are asking that question. We know that there are vaccines still available at the federal and state level that could be distributed here in San Francisco. We know that there are supply chain issues, but I think we are ringing the alarm in this moment because, one, we don't want this to be not taken seriously. And at the same time, we're worried that it is being over-politicized as a LGBTQ issue and that it is being highly stigmatized among the community for those who identify as cis[gender] men or transgender men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Given the differences and some similarities, can you talk a little bit about whether there are lessons from the AIDS epidemic that the foundation is using in the fight against monkeypox?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the earliest days of the HIV epidemic, the community itself had to come together to act up and to fight back. We were educating one another. We were calling on one another to ring the alarm of urgency and to place pressure on local, state and federal public health. We're reliving that experience in this moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11919762\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11919762 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A bald man with a salt and pepper beard and red sweater holds a microphone whiel standing among a crowd, outside. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS54765_003_KQED_CastroHousingRightsRally_03272022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Tyler TerMeer speaks during a rally for housing rights in support of long-time LGBTQ+-rights activist Cleve Jones at Harvey Milk Plaza in San Francisco on March 27, 2022. Jones was facing a rent increase that would more than double the price of his Castro apartment. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We receive phone calls every day at the foundation on our monkeypox hotline of folks who are fearful of what's happening, who don't know where to turn to for access to vaccine, and want to know what they can do to push back and to fight back. Organizations like \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfaf.org/\">San Francisco AIDS Foundation\u003c/a> and community activists are pulling together to demand that we get vaccines as quickly as possible into our communities and into the hands of trusted community partners so that we can offer this vaccine in a culturally safe and affirming way to all those that need and deserve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The \u003ca href=\"https://sf.aidswalk.net/\">AIDS Walk\u003c/a> is happening this weekend. Do you expect monkeypox to be front of mind for people who are participating?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think in any moment where the broader LGBTQ community comes together, we're educating one another and we're coming together to fight and advocate for what is most needed for our community. So these moments like the AIDS Walk are an opportunity for community mobilization and for our community to lean into one another through some of the most difficult chapters of our movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the No. 1 thing you would ask of the federal government when it comes to curbing monkeypox infections here in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need access to vaccine, and we need it as quickly as possible. We need a coordinated response across our public health agencies and the community partners that they work with each and every day, in order to not make the mistakes in the past, in terms of equitable distribution of vaccines.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"monkeypox","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to ensure that trusted community partners who have long relationships with communities of color or other communities that have traditionally had very valid reasons for medical mistrust or have not had the same access and opportunity to health care services are front of mind in any vaccine equity conversations, and that we have enough vaccines available in our community that we can offer it not just to those who may have had an exposure, but in a preventative way to anyone who feels like they may be of high risk in our community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there anything else that you wanted to mention?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While we are doing our best to get vaccine out into the community and answer all of the questions and concerns that continue to come into the foundation, we currently have over 3,000 individuals on our waiting list. The city is out of vaccines and we've received no updated reports from state or local health on when we might see more vaccine at our clinic in the Castro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This interview was conducted Friday at noon. At 4:45 p.m. the San Francisco Department of Public Health announced a new delivery of vaccines for monkeypox, though as of publication they are not yet available.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1548091658490695682"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Right now we're mobilizing to get as many folks as possible to \u003ca href=\"https://p2a.co/vPUT5kN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sign on to our petition\u003c/a> that will go to the state and federal government asking for more vaccines now [and] for an equitable response to the monkeypox crisis in our community. And to ensure that testing and treatment are available to all those who need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it's important to emphasize that anyone can get monkeypox and that we promote it as a public health concern for all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Anaïs-Ophelia Lino and Bay City News contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11919755/were-ringing-the-alarm-efforts-rise-to-ensure-monkeypox-spread-is-taken-seriously","authors":["11635","11626"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_27626","news_20003","news_31133","news_30502","news_31335"],"featImg":"news_11919761","label":"news"},"news_11902998":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11902998","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11902998","score":null,"sort":[1643414516000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-marijuana-minister-of-the-castro","title":"'Acts of Great Love': How the Marijuana Minister of the Castro Helped His Flock Endure the AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1643414516,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think of gay activists and icons in San Francisco history, leaders like Supervisor Harvey Milk and Sally Miller Gearhart or recording artist — and Castro staple — Sylvester might first come to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pioneers did their work in the public eye and are recognized for their achievements, but they weren’t the only ones on the front lines fighting for the rights of the city’s queer community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small church a few blocks away from the Castro — during the height of the AIDS epidemic — a much lesser-known activist was fighting to provide comfort to a dying congregation of LGBTQIA Christians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Not your average pastor\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“My earliest survival skill in church was: Don't listen if they're talking, just pay attention when they're singing,” said Rev. Jim Mitulski, the former senior pastor at the Metropolitan Community Church in San Francisco’s Castro district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903193\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two little boys sitting on the lap of their grandfather.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Mitulski (left), his grandfather Jack Downs, and cousin Jan. \"I dressed gay then, too,\" Mitulski said. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Mitulski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing up in northern Michigan, Mitulski, now 63, was immediately drawn to church: the ritual, the kindness and, most of all, the music. “I don't think I've ever met a piece of music I didn't like, especially in a religious setting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski attended New York’s Columbia College in the 1970s (then an all-men's school) and immediately felt at home there. “Who do you think goes to a men’s college in the '70s?” he said. “Gay guys.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rev. Jim Mitulski\"]'The greater the love, the greater the risk, and you will never regret acts of great love.'[/pullquote]While in New York, Mitulski says he was focused more on political activism and sex than on his schoolwork, “and my grades reflected it.” He eventually dropped out of college and continued to pursue his activism work. “I was a political gay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After discovering the Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) in Manhattan’s Greenwich Village, Mitulski began considering a new career path. In this new gay denomination — founded in 1968 by and for LGBTQIA people — Jim found a spiritual family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t occur to me that you could be gay and be a priest,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski went back to school to become a pastor, and would help lead the MCC in New York for several years, a time he recalls as magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was church, not like church. We were anti-church,” he said. “We were 'deconstructing Christianity' church. We were 'out in the streets protesting' church. We were 'wear T-shirts, not wear vestments' church.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>San Francisco in crisis\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the mid 1980s, Mitulski moved to San Francisco to become the senior pastor of an MCC congregation in the historic Castro District. He arrived to find a city “in the midst of a terrible tragedy unfolding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But still, it was a cool place to be,” he said. “It was still happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located a few blocks from the shops and gay bars of Castro Street, the church served as a de facto LGBTQIA community center, hosting meetings, same-sex weddings (which would not be legal for two more decades) and an ever-increasing number of funerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-08-22-mn-551-story.html\">The LA Times\u003c/a>, under the headline \"City Under Siege,\" reported that about 4% of San Francisco’s population, including an astonishing half of the city's estimated more than 60,000 gay men, had AIDS. Without a cure or effective treatment, most would end up dying within the next 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1992, HIV infection had become \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022174.htm\">the No. 1 cause of death\u003c/a> among 25- to 44-year-old men in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1036px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11903196 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg\" alt=\"Three pastors wearing church garb sit near a microphone.\" width=\"1036\" height=\"1548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg 1036w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-800x1195.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-1020x1524.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-160x239.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-1028x1536.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1036px) 100vw, 1036px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Rev. Ron Russell-Coons, Rev. Jim Mitulski and Rev. Kit Cherry at the MCC of SF in 1989. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Mitulski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just wasn't prepared for the sheer numbers of it,” Mitulski said. Seemingly healthy young men in his neighborhood, he recalled, would simply just disappear and be assumed dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995, Mitulski received his own HIV diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facing my own mortality made me realize we're only here as long as we're here. 'What are you being so cautious about?'” he said he asked himself. “My ministry changed right after that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Marijuana and AIDS\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Marijuana is known to help ease the nausea and pain associated with HIV and AIDS. The drug also enables many patients to eat by helping to increase their appetites, while providing pain relief and aiding in sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would actually feel pain relief and relief from the stress around worrying about mortality,” Mitulski said. “It lasts for half an hour, an hour or whatever, not all day, not all night. But sometimes the freedom from the omnipresent anxiety is important. ... It’s welcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, marijuana is now legal for adult use, both recreationally and medically. But in the 1980s and early 1990s, things worked a bit differently. Medical marijuana clubs, the underground predecessors of dispensaries, provided the drug to people in need — and law enforcement generally looked the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enter California Attorney General Dan Lungren, the state’s top cop for much of the 1990s. In anticipation of his (ultimately unsuccessful) bid for governor in 1998, Lungren “saw [marijuana] as an issue that he thought could be a popular enforcement issue as a law-and-order guy,” Mitulski said. “And without consulting with city officials, [he] exercised his authority as a state official — probably with the support of the federal government — to crack down on and close, without warning, all of the marijuana outlets and distributors in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost overnight, marijuana patients across the city, including those with HIV/AIDS, lost access to one of the few treatments that had been available. It wasn’t long before the gay community sprang into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Acts of great love'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Within a few days of the crackdown, Allen White — a queer journalist — approached Mitulski with the idea of distributing marijuana from his church to patients in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They wanted to see who could they get to distribute marijuana that the government would think twice about arresting,” Mitulski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2049px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a face mask stares up to the ceiling of a large vacant room.\" width=\"2049\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg 2049w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1920x1439.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2049px) 100vw, 2049px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Jim Mitulski in 2021 revisiting the now-vacant Metropolitan Community Church building in the Castro District. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Todd Atkins-Whitley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The risks were high: The federal government could seize the property of people found to be participating in a federal crime — including the distribution of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 1996, Mitulski began distributing small bags of marijuana to HIV/AIDS patients after his church services. The pot was all donated, no money could be exchanged, and the patients were required to have a doctor's note.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"aids\"]Mitulski said the media reported on it when he first started distributing marijuana in his church, but the police never cracked down on him. “I think they knew we were doing the right thing,” he said. “I think angels protected us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Lungren’s campaign to stop it, voters in 1996 passed Proposition 215, legalizing medical marijuana statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski shut down his marijuana ministry right after the results were announced. But the impact of his efforts was evident: In just over a few months, he had used prayer, music and marijuana to serve a few thousand people in dire need of comfort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has only one regret from that period of his life: “That we did all that activism on AIDS care in the '80s and '90s, and somehow did not end up with universal health care. Crazy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, Mitulski left the MCC in the Castro where he had served for more than two decades. He is now interim senior pastor of Peace United Church of Christ in Duluth, Minnesota, where he continues to push for marijuana legalization and gay rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let your acts of love guide you, even if it means great risk,” Mitulski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man sitting outside on a chair by a lake.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Jim Mitulski at Lake Merritt in Oakland in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Todd Atkins-Whitley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He’s still proud, he says, of the work he did at that little church in San Francisco more than 25 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I took a risk. I used my body. I acted on a belief that was motivated by my desire to provide healing and comfort for my friends,” he said. “And I didn't know what else to do that I could do, but this was something I could do. And I did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski says he wouldn’t hesitate to do it all again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The greater the love, the greater the risk, and you will never regret acts of great love,” he said.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In the summer of 1996, Rev. Jim Mitulski began distributing small bags of marijuana to HIV/AIDS patients at the ends of the services he led from his small church in the Castro district. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1643415446,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":39,"wordCount":1536},"headData":{"title":"'Acts of Great Love': How the Marijuana Minister of the Castro Helped His Flock Endure the AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"In a small church a few blocks away from the Castro — during the height of the AIDS epidemic — one pastor fought to provide comfort to a dying congregation of LGBTQIA Christians.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11902998 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11902998","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/01/28/the-marijuana-minister-of-the-castro/","disqusTitle":"'Acts of Great Love': How the Marijuana Minister of the Castro Helped His Flock Endure the AIDS Epidemic","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC8035844417.mp3?updated=1643325568","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11902998/the-marijuana-minister-of-the-castro","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you think of gay activists and icons in San Francisco history, leaders like Supervisor Harvey Milk and Sally Miller Gearhart or recording artist — and Castro staple — Sylvester might first come to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These pioneers did their work in the public eye and are recognized for their achievements, but they weren’t the only ones on the front lines fighting for the rights of the city’s queer community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a small church a few blocks away from the Castro — during the height of the AIDS epidemic — a much lesser-known activist was fighting to provide comfort to a dying congregation of LGBTQIA Christians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Not your average pastor\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“My earliest survival skill in church was: Don't listen if they're talking, just pay attention when they're singing,” said Rev. Jim Mitulski, the former senior pastor at the Metropolitan Community Church in San Francisco’s Castro district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903193\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two little boys sitting on the lap of their grandfather.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272669153_3156595744556727_3278188865832847024_n-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Mitulski (left), his grandfather Jack Downs, and cousin Jan. \"I dressed gay then, too,\" Mitulski said. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Mitulski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing up in northern Michigan, Mitulski, now 63, was immediately drawn to church: the ritual, the kindness and, most of all, the music. “I don't think I've ever met a piece of music I didn't like, especially in a religious setting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski attended New York’s Columbia College in the 1970s (then an all-men's school) and immediately felt at home there. “Who do you think goes to a men’s college in the '70s?” he said. “Gay guys.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'The greater the love, the greater the risk, and you will never regret acts of great love.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Rev. Jim Mitulski","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While in New York, Mitulski says he was focused more on political activism and sex than on his schoolwork, “and my grades reflected it.” He eventually dropped out of college and continued to pursue his activism work. “I was a political gay,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After discovering the Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) in Manhattan’s Greenwich Village, Mitulski began considering a new career path. In this new gay denomination — founded in 1968 by and for LGBTQIA people — Jim found a spiritual family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t occur to me that you could be gay and be a priest,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski went back to school to become a pastor, and would help lead the MCC in New York for several years, a time he recalls as magical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was church, not like church. We were anti-church,” he said. “We were 'deconstructing Christianity' church. We were 'out in the streets protesting' church. We were 'wear T-shirts, not wear vestments' church.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>San Francisco in crisis\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the mid 1980s, Mitulski moved to San Francisco to become the senior pastor of an MCC congregation in the historic Castro District. He arrived to find a city “in the midst of a terrible tragedy unfolding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But still, it was a cool place to be,” he said. “It was still happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located a few blocks from the shops and gay bars of Castro Street, the church served as a de facto LGBTQIA community center, hosting meetings, same-sex weddings (which would not be legal for two more decades) and an ever-increasing number of funerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-08-22-mn-551-story.html\">The LA Times\u003c/a>, under the headline \"City Under Siege,\" reported that about 4% of San Francisco’s population, including an astonishing half of the city's estimated more than 60,000 gay men, had AIDS. Without a cure or effective treatment, most would end up dying within the next 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1992, HIV infection had become \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00022174.htm\">the No. 1 cause of death\u003c/a> among 25- to 44-year-old men in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1036px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11903196 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg\" alt=\"Three pastors wearing church garb sit near a microphone.\" width=\"1036\" height=\"1548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n.jpg 1036w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-800x1195.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-1020x1524.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-160x239.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/272445169_651379669343066_1985915600313202814_n-1028x1536.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1036px) 100vw, 1036px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Rev. Ron Russell-Coons, Rev. Jim Mitulski and Rev. Kit Cherry at the MCC of SF in 1989. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jim Mitulski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just wasn't prepared for the sheer numbers of it,” Mitulski said. Seemingly healthy young men in his neighborhood, he recalled, would simply just disappear and be assumed dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1995, Mitulski received his own HIV diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facing my own mortality made me realize we're only here as long as we're here. 'What are you being so cautious about?'” he said he asked himself. “My ministry changed right after that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Marijuana and AIDS\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Marijuana is known to help ease the nausea and pain associated with HIV and AIDS. The drug also enables many patients to eat by helping to increase their appetites, while providing pain relief and aiding in sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They would actually feel pain relief and relief from the stress around worrying about mortality,” Mitulski said. “It lasts for half an hour, an hour or whatever, not all day, not all night. But sometimes the freedom from the omnipresent anxiety is important. ... It’s welcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, marijuana is now legal for adult use, both recreationally and medically. But in the 1980s and early 1990s, things worked a bit differently. Medical marijuana clubs, the underground predecessors of dispensaries, provided the drug to people in need — and law enforcement generally looked the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enter California Attorney General Dan Lungren, the state’s top cop for much of the 1990s. In anticipation of his (ultimately unsuccessful) bid for governor in 1998, Lungren “saw [marijuana] as an issue that he thought could be a popular enforcement issue as a law-and-order guy,” Mitulski said. “And without consulting with city officials, [he] exercised his authority as a state official — probably with the support of the federal government — to crack down on and close, without warning, all of the marijuana outlets and distributors in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost overnight, marijuana patients across the city, including those with HIV/AIDS, lost access to one of the few treatments that had been available. It wasn’t long before the gay community sprang into action.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>'Acts of great love'\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Within a few days of the crackdown, Allen White — a queer journalist — approached Mitulski with the idea of distributing marijuana from his church to patients in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They wanted to see who could they get to distribute marijuana that the government would think twice about arresting,” Mitulski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2049px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a face mask stares up to the ceiling of a large vacant room.\" width=\"2049\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D.jpg 2049w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/08130841-DEC3-4E56-84A6-EA6C0BF39A3D-1920x1439.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2049px) 100vw, 2049px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Jim Mitulski in 2021 revisiting the now-vacant Metropolitan Community Church building in the Castro District. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Todd Atkins-Whitley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The risks were high: The federal government could seize the property of people found to be participating in a federal crime — including the distribution of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the summer of 1996, Mitulski began distributing small bags of marijuana to HIV/AIDS patients after his church services. The pot was all donated, no money could be exchanged, and the patients were required to have a doctor's note.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"aids"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Mitulski said the media reported on it when he first started distributing marijuana in his church, but the police never cracked down on him. “I think they knew we were doing the right thing,” he said. “I think angels protected us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Lungren’s campaign to stop it, voters in 1996 passed Proposition 215, legalizing medical marijuana statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski shut down his marijuana ministry right after the results were announced. But the impact of his efforts was evident: In just over a few months, he had used prayer, music and marijuana to serve a few thousand people in dire need of comfort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has only one regret from that period of his life: “That we did all that activism on AIDS care in the '80s and '90s, and somehow did not end up with universal health care. Crazy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, Mitulski left the MCC in the Castro where he had served for more than two decades. He is now interim senior pastor of Peace United Church of Christ in Duluth, Minnesota, where he continues to push for marijuana legalization and gay rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let your acts of love guide you, even if it means great risk,” Mitulski said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903117\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11903117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man sitting outside on a chair by a lake.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/194146336_326107285562520_8338172634866005523_n-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Jim Mitulski at Lake Merritt in Oakland in 2021. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Todd Atkins-Whitley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He’s still proud, he says, of the work he did at that little church in San Francisco more than 25 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I took a risk. I used my body. I acted on a belief that was motivated by my desire to provide healing and comfort for my friends,” he said. “And I didn't know what else to do that I could do, but this was something I could do. And I did it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitulski says he wouldn’t hesitate to do it all again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The greater the love, the greater the risk, and you will never regret acts of great love,” he said.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11902998/the-marijuana-minister-of-the-castro","authors":["11749"],"programs":["news_26731"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_30596","news_2768","news_21534","news_27626","news_30586","news_102","news_38"],"featImg":"news_11903295","label":"news_26731"},"news_11850910":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11850910","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11850910","score":null,"sort":[1607736693000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"home-baked-one-womans-subversive-response-to-the-aids-crisis-2","title":"Home Baked: One Woman's Subversive Response to the AIDS Crisis","publishDate":1607736693,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>We’re all bracing ourselves for a surge in hospitalizations, for more people lost to COVID-19, for more closures and lockdowns. So we’re reprising one of our documentaries about another time we all faced a public health crisis. This week, we travel back to a time when the world was facing another public health crisis. Lisa Morehouse brings us the story of a woman who became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the early 1980s. Her baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies, provided gooey marijuana-filled brownies to people dying from the disease in San Francisco. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term, but Meridy Volz says they brought some relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days. We hear the Sticky Fingers story, and look back at a time when the federal government was slow to act on the AIDS crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"How a San Francisco woman became an unexpected source of comfort at a time when another pandemic rocked the state.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1607736817,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":166},"headData":{"title":"Home Baked: One Woman's Subversive Response to the AIDS Crisis | KQED","description":"How a San Francisco woman became an unexpected source of comfort at a time when another pandemic rocked the state.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11850910 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11850910","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/12/11/home-baked-one-womans-subversive-response-to-the-aids-crisis-2/","disqusTitle":"Home Baked: One Woman's Subversive Response to the AIDS Crisis","source":"The California Report Magazine","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/news/program/the-california-report-magazine","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2020/04/TCRPM20200403.mp3","path":"/news/11850910/home-baked-one-womans-subversive-response-to-the-aids-crisis-2","audioDuration":1694000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We’re all bracing ourselves for a surge in hospitalizations, for more people lost to COVID-19, for more closures and lockdowns. So we’re reprising one of our documentaries about another time we all faced a public health crisis. This week, we travel back to a time when the world was facing another public health crisis. Lisa Morehouse brings us the story of a woman who became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the early 1980s. Her baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies, provided gooey marijuana-filled brownies to people dying from the disease in San Francisco. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term, but Meridy Volz says they brought some relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days. We hear the Sticky Fingers story, and look back at a time when the federal government was slow to act on the AIDS crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11850910/home-baked-one-womans-subversive-response-to-the-aids-crisis-2","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_21291"],"tags":["news_1510","news_20397","news_21268","news_22018"],"featImg":"news_11810556","label":"source_news_11850910"},"news_11849549":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11849549","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11849549","score":null,"sort":[1607049047000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","title":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1607049047,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California’s New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, joins Marisa Lagos and Scott Shafer to discuss California’s new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the “spectacular” advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Then, San Francisco Chronicle health reporter Erin Allday joins to discuss the new statewide order and how public health guidance has evolved since the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from our interview with Dr. Fauci:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California’s new shelter-in-place order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, the nation’s leading infectious disease specialist, enthusiastically supports Gov. Gavin Newsom’s new order, which calls for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849487/newsom-to-impose-sweeping-new-stay-at-home-order-as-covid-19-rates-soar\">regional shutdowns of some businesses and other activities\u003c/a> once ICU hospital bed capacity drops to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he consulted with California health authorities ahead of the announcement, and called it “a prudent and correct decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason is that you are all on a brink, literally on the threshold of getting the almost unimaginable situation of getting the health care system overrun. You just can’t let that happen. That is unimaginable and unacceptable,” Fauci said. “I spoke to some of his health people and I said I would back them in that decision. So I certainly back what the governor’s doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11849487\" label=\"California's New Shelter-in-Place Order\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci warned that while hospitals across the nation are already filling up, we have not “seen the full brunt of what we expect to be yet again, another surge, hopefully a mini surge, as opposed to a major one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There almost invariably will be a surge associated with what went on last week, with Thanksgiving, with the travel … and the congregate settings of dinners,” he said. “The trouble is, the spike won’t come for about two and a half to three weeks after the Thanksgiving holiday, which would put it right before the Christmas and Hanukkah holiday, which is kind of a double whammy. So we are in a really precarious situation. And because of the stress on the health care system, I think what the governor did was both prudent and advisable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the nation’s inconsistent approach and mixed messaging\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who’s careful not to get too political, said this: “Mixed messages are bad. One of the problems inherent in mixed messages is that [it] provides license for people to do things according to their own preconceived notions. Because if they hear that going left is right, going right is right, then they say: ‘I’m going to go wherever I want to go because it’s a 50-50 chance.’ that’s not good. We need consistent messages at all levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where we stand now as compared to where he thought we would be when the pandemic started, Fauci was blunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘There’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I would have to say honestly, worse,” he said. “I thought that we were going to have a uniform public health response that would not have allowed us to never get below a precarious baseline. And every time we try to do something like open up the economy, we’d slip up and then come down. And then we do this, we slip up, and now we’re going into winter, we’re going into the holidays and we’re seeing the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also acknowledged that governing a large state like California — and ensuring a consistent message across its diverse 58 counties — is difficult. But, he said, even though the entire nation is seeing a surge in cases right now, places like California are in a better position to tackle the increase because of our stricter state guidelines around mask wearing and social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think initially you may think you’re seeing the same result, but when it really plays out, there’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the vaccine and his hope for the coming months\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci encouraged Americans not to lose hope, saying we need to hang on for just a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"covid-vaccines\" label=\"more vaccine coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Help is on the way because we have extraordinarily efficacious vaccines, plural, more than one vaccine that will start to be implemented and distributed in the middle and end of December. And then as we get into January, February, March, more and more and more people will be vaccinated so that by the time we get to April, it will be available for the general public,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he’s confident we will “crush this outbreak” and urged the nation to double down, to make difficult sacrifices as we head into the holidays — knowing that there’s light at the end of the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we get a substantial proportion of the population vaccinated, we’ll get that umbrella of herd immunity and that will ultimately crush this outbreak,” he said. “That to me is an incentive … to double down even more and say [that] although things like the lockdown, things that the governor is trying to do are difficult and straining your comfort, your economy and all those things, the fact is that at the end of the day it will get us through. And then when a vaccine comes in full blast, we’re going to be out of this.” [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On vaccine skepticism\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>With regular Americans as well as health care workers expressing concern about the safety of a vaccine created in record time, Fauci urged everyone to examine the scientific record and consider the independence of our regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These skepticisms are understandable when there are mixed messages,” he said, noting that people have concern about both how quickly the vaccines were developed and whether they are safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we were able to go from the recognition of a brand new virus in January to a vaccine that’s able to be distributed by December is a completely unprecedented accomplishment,” he said. “It is spectacular not because it was rushed by compromising safety or scientific integrity, because of the extraordinary scientific advances that have been made in vaccine platform technologies, which is the fruit of basic and applied research that’s been going on for decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it’s not as if the underlying science and technology “just popped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is people who have been working throughout the country, in the world, for decades on exquisite technologies that have allowed us to do things in weeks to months that a decade ago would have taken several years. So the speed does not compromise anything,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the safety and the efficacy? Fauci said he knows some people are skeptical that the Trump administration may be trying to prove something, or that the vaccine manufacturers are just trying to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘We’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the [vaccine] process is independent and transparent, period’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s neither of the two, and here’s why,” he said. “Because the determination of safety and efficacy is made by an independent data and safety monitoring board that has allegiance, not to the president, not to the administration and not to the company. It has an allegiance to the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that the process starts with a group of independent scientists, statisticians, ethicists and vaccinology experts who examine the data for safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They then, and only then, release it to the company, which then examines it and gives it to the [Food and Drug Administration], where career scientists — not politicians but career scientists who do this every day for decades — examine the data and then in accordance with their advisory committee, which is another independent committee, determine if it’s safe and able to be given to the American public. So you have a process that is not only independent, it’s completely transparent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that “nobody can hide anything,” because the data will ultimately be published in a peer-reviewed journal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the process is independent and transparent, period,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On his own personal journey\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci also discussed his remarkable career — he has been at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases since 1972 and was appointed director in 1984.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this pandemic has made Fauci a household name, many in the public health community first got to know him in the 1980s as the nation struggled with another new, mysterious, deadly and terrifying virus: HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci recognized the threat before many of his colleagues and began researching the virus. But by 1988, he and other government scientists were also becoming the subject of protests by AIDS activists — mostly young, gay men — who felt the government wasn’t doing enough to let infected Americans try new treatments and that they didn’t have a seat at the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci invited them in, and ended up traveling the country to talk to gay communities stricken by AIDS. Their inclusion and input helped change the way the government approached experimental HIV and AIDS treatments — and more broadly, how we approach medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked Fauci what he learned from that experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, that was really one of the more transforming periods in my own professional career, in my own life, in which I made a decision — which retrospectively it really turned out to be a good decision — to reach out to the community,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Dr. Anthony Fauci']‘Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this case, it was dominated by young gay men in San Francisco and in New York and in Los Angeles. Because they had some very valid points that the government, the scientific and regulatory community just did not fully appreciate the situation they were in, and they excluded the constituents from participation in important decision making that had a great impact on their lives and their deaths. And yet no one was listening to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The activists’ exclusion, Fauci said, made them “iconoclastic, theatrical, confrontative, which unfortunately turned off the government and the scientific and regulatory community even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he did — putting aside the theatrical protests and sitting down with them — “was one of the better things I’ve ever done in my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became eminently clear to me that what they were saying really made sense, and if I were in their shoes, I would have been doing exactly what they were doing. And that’s when I said I need to sit down and start talking to these people. And once we did that, we found out that we had a lot in common. And that’s when the bonds of collaboration began decades ago to the point now that is a very productive component of what we do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who will be serving his seventh presidential administration as NIAID director when Joe Biden is sworn in next month, has survived Republicans and Democrats, as well as numerous outbreaks: HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Zika, H1N1 and now the coronavirus. What has he learned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a scientist and as a public health person, it’s absolutely essential that I stay above and beyond the politics and focus completely on the public health, the scientific issues, because that’s what I’m supposed to be doing,” he said. “Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dr. Anthony Fauci spoke with KQED's Political Breakdown on California's new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the 'spectacular' advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700875556,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":2258},"headData":{"title":"Dr. Anthony Fauci on California's New COVID-19 Restrictions and Lessons from the HIV/AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"Dr. Anthony Fauci spoke with KQED's Political Breakdown on California's new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the 'spectacular' advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"source":"Political Breakdown","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7571977294.mp3","path":"/news/11849549/dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","audioDuration":1831000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, joins Marisa Lagos and Scott Shafer to discuss California’s new regional stay-at-home order, the politicization of vaccines and the “spectacular” advances in their development, and lessons he learned from fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Then, San Francisco Chronicle health reporter Erin Allday joins to discuss the new statewide order and how public health guidance has evolved since the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some highlights from our interview with Dr. Fauci:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On California’s new shelter-in-place order\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, the nation’s leading infectious disease specialist, enthusiastically supports Gov. Gavin Newsom’s new order, which calls for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849487/newsom-to-impose-sweeping-new-stay-at-home-order-as-covid-19-rates-soar\">regional shutdowns of some businesses and other activities\u003c/a> once ICU hospital bed capacity drops to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he consulted with California health authorities ahead of the announcement, and called it “a prudent and correct decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason is that you are all on a brink, literally on the threshold of getting the almost unimaginable situation of getting the health care system overrun. You just can’t let that happen. That is unimaginable and unacceptable,” Fauci said. “I spoke to some of his health people and I said I would back them in that decision. So I certainly back what the governor’s doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11849487","label":"California's New Shelter-in-Place Order "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci warned that while hospitals across the nation are already filling up, we have not “seen the full brunt of what we expect to be yet again, another surge, hopefully a mini surge, as opposed to a major one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There almost invariably will be a surge associated with what went on last week, with Thanksgiving, with the travel … and the congregate settings of dinners,” he said. “The trouble is, the spike won’t come for about two and a half to three weeks after the Thanksgiving holiday, which would put it right before the Christmas and Hanukkah holiday, which is kind of a double whammy. So we are in a really precarious situation. And because of the stress on the health care system, I think what the governor did was both prudent and advisable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the nation’s inconsistent approach and mixed messaging\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who’s careful not to get too political, said this: “Mixed messages are bad. One of the problems inherent in mixed messages is that [it] provides license for people to do things according to their own preconceived notions. Because if they hear that going left is right, going right is right, then they say: ‘I’m going to go wherever I want to go because it’s a 50-50 chance.’ that’s not good. We need consistent messages at all levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked where we stand now as compared to where he thought we would be when the pandemic started, Fauci was blunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘There’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I would have to say honestly, worse,” he said. “I thought that we were going to have a uniform public health response that would not have allowed us to never get below a precarious baseline. And every time we try to do something like open up the economy, we’d slip up and then come down. And then we do this, we slip up, and now we’re going into winter, we’re going into the holidays and we’re seeing the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also acknowledged that governing a large state like California — and ensuring a consistent message across its diverse 58 counties — is difficult. But, he said, even though the entire nation is seeing a surge in cases right now, places like California are in a better position to tackle the increase because of our stricter state guidelines around mask wearing and social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think initially you may think you’re seeing the same result, but when it really plays out, there’s no doubt in my mind that … uniform mask wearing, distancing, avoiding crowds or the kinds of shutdowns that you’re talking about, it does make a difference and you should be assured of that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On the vaccine and his hope for the coming months\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci encouraged Americans not to lose hope, saying we need to hang on for just a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"covid-vaccines","label":"more vaccine coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Help is on the way because we have extraordinarily efficacious vaccines, plural, more than one vaccine that will start to be implemented and distributed in the middle and end of December. And then as we get into January, February, March, more and more and more people will be vaccinated so that by the time we get to April, it will be available for the general public,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said he’s confident we will “crush this outbreak” and urged the nation to double down, to make difficult sacrifices as we head into the holidays — knowing that there’s light at the end of the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once we get a substantial proportion of the population vaccinated, we’ll get that umbrella of herd immunity and that will ultimately crush this outbreak,” he said. “That to me is an incentive … to double down even more and say [that] although things like the lockdown, things that the governor is trying to do are difficult and straining your comfort, your economy and all those things, the fact is that at the end of the day it will get us through. And then when a vaccine comes in full blast, we’re going to be out of this.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On vaccine skepticism\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>With regular Americans as well as health care workers expressing concern about the safety of a vaccine created in record time, Fauci urged everyone to examine the scientific record and consider the independence of our regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These skepticisms are understandable when there are mixed messages,” he said, noting that people have concern about both how quickly the vaccines were developed and whether they are safe and effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that we were able to go from the recognition of a brand new virus in January to a vaccine that’s able to be distributed by December is a completely unprecedented accomplishment,” he said. “It is spectacular not because it was rushed by compromising safety or scientific integrity, because of the extraordinary scientific advances that have been made in vaccine platform technologies, which is the fruit of basic and applied research that’s been going on for decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci said it’s not as if the underlying science and technology “just popped up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is people who have been working throughout the country, in the world, for decades on exquisite technologies that have allowed us to do things in weeks to months that a decade ago would have taken several years. So the speed does not compromise anything,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about the safety and the efficacy? Fauci said he knows some people are skeptical that the Trump administration may be trying to prove something, or that the vaccine manufacturers are just trying to make money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the [vaccine] process is independent and transparent, period’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s neither of the two, and here’s why,” he said. “Because the determination of safety and efficacy is made by an independent data and safety monitoring board that has allegiance, not to the president, not to the administration and not to the company. It has an allegiance to the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that the process starts with a group of independent scientists, statisticians, ethicists and vaccinology experts who examine the data for safety and efficacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They then, and only then, release it to the company, which then examines it and gives it to the [Food and Drug Administration], where career scientists — not politicians but career scientists who do this every day for decades — examine the data and then in accordance with their advisory committee, which is another independent committee, determine if it’s safe and able to be given to the American public. So you have a process that is not only independent, it’s completely transparent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci noted that “nobody can hide anything,” because the data will ultimately be published in a peer-reviewed journal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’ve got to be able to communicate that to the American public, that even though there’s a lot of skepticism, the process is independent and transparent, period,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On his own personal journey\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Fauci also discussed his remarkable career — he has been at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases since 1972 and was appointed director in 1984.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this pandemic has made Fauci a household name, many in the public health community first got to know him in the 1980s as the nation struggled with another new, mysterious, deadly and terrifying virus: HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci recognized the threat before many of his colleagues and began researching the virus. But by 1988, he and other government scientists were also becoming the subject of protests by AIDS activists — mostly young, gay men — who felt the government wasn’t doing enough to let infected Americans try new treatments and that they didn’t have a seat at the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci invited them in, and ended up traveling the country to talk to gay communities stricken by AIDS. Their inclusion and input helped change the way the government approached experimental HIV and AIDS treatments — and more broadly, how we approach medicine in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We asked Fauci what he learned from that experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, that was really one of the more transforming periods in my own professional career, in my own life, in which I made a decision — which retrospectively it really turned out to be a good decision — to reach out to the community,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Dr. Anthony Fauci","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this case, it was dominated by young gay men in San Francisco and in New York and in Los Angeles. Because they had some very valid points that the government, the scientific and regulatory community just did not fully appreciate the situation they were in, and they excluded the constituents from participation in important decision making that had a great impact on their lives and their deaths. And yet no one was listening to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The activists’ exclusion, Fauci said, made them “iconoclastic, theatrical, confrontative, which unfortunately turned off the government and the scientific and regulatory community even more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What he did — putting aside the theatrical protests and sitting down with them — “was one of the better things I’ve ever done in my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became eminently clear to me that what they were saying really made sense, and if I were in their shoes, I would have been doing exactly what they were doing. And that’s when I said I need to sit down and start talking to these people. And once we did that, we found out that we had a lot in common. And that’s when the bonds of collaboration began decades ago to the point now that is a very productive component of what we do,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fauci, who will be serving his seventh presidential administration as NIAID director when Joe Biden is sworn in next month, has survived Republicans and Democrats, as well as numerous outbreaks: HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Zika, H1N1 and now the coronavirus. What has he learned?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a scientist and as a public health person, it’s absolutely essential that I stay above and beyond the politics and focus completely on the public health, the scientific issues, because that’s what I’m supposed to be doing,” he said. “Once you start getting involved in ideology and political things, you just lose any credibility. So I have stayed completely away from the politics and focused on what my job is, which is public health and the safety and the health of the American public. You do that, you’re in good shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11849549/dr-anthony-fauci-on-californias-new-covid-restrictions-and-lessons-from-the-hiv-aids-epidemic","authors":["3239","255"],"programs":["news_33544"],"categories":["news_8","news_33520"],"tags":["news_1510","news_28880","news_27350","news_28801","news_27504","news_1511","news_22235"],"featImg":"news_11849582","label":"source_news_11849549"},"news_11828008":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11828008","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11828008","score":null,"sort":[1594303287000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","title":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19","publishDate":1594303287,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the \"free love\" era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A day later, the person calls,\" Potterat said. \"He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the '70s,\" he says. \"But everything changed with AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the '80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,\" Potterat remembered. \"And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,\" he said \"So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid '80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Coronavirus coverage\" tag=\"coronavirus\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,\" said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have to be able to protect themselves,\" he said. \"If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, 'well, what exactly is it supposed to add?' We’ve already told every single gay man they're at high-risk, and they should get tested,\" said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. \"At the time, the answer was, 'Nothing,'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, with much better drugs, it's become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the '80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,\" she said after a recent shift. \"It’s just getting crazy busy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,\" Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Lisa Fagundes, a contact tracer in San Francisco\"]'We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s Latino immigrant communities and communities of color who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 — they are more likely to contract the virus and more likely to die from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the mistrust and fears of discrimination are the same as they were for the gay community in the '80s: lost jobs, lost housing, and now, getting deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, because a lot of people may or may not be documented,\" Rutherford said. \"People are hesitant, much like gay men were hesitant to get on a list of gay men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes the work very difficult, Fagundes said, “because they’re a lot more curt and resistant, or suspicious or scared and upset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Overcoming Mistrust\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local state and county public health departments are leaning on lessons learned in the '80s to overcome the mistrust. They are running social media campaigns to demystify contact tracing and remind people the U.S. has been doing this for decades to contain all sorts of outbreaks, like STDs, measles, tuberculosis and food poisoning. They are building bridges with the affected populations by partnering with community groups that already have trusted relationships with them. And they are emphasizing hiring contact tracers who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822532/diversity-among-disease-detectives-key-to-containing-the-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bilingual and bicultural\u003c/a> to ease communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to truly win the public’s buy-in for contact tracing, veterans say the local health departments need back up from the federal government — they need a leader with a unifying message: us against the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president today, just like the president in the '80s, is doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away,\" Potterat said. \"And if it doesn't go away, 'Well, it's not affecting people that are really, really very important.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"John Potterat, contact tracer for 40 years\"]'COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan refused to reference AIDS in public for the first several years of the epidemic, alienating the gay community that was most impacted by the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump refuses to wear a mask in public, repeatedly contradicts his top scientific advisors and routinely makes remarks that alienate the communities of color most impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid the price then for a president who wouldn't utter the word,\" said David Harvey, executive director of the National Coalition of STD Directors, referring to the illness and deaths that could have been prevented. \"This is where we have history repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a sustained national education campaign, without a unified national message and without leaders who model the behavior that curbs transmission of the virus, he said, the pandemic will spread, and more people will die.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California’s coronavirus detectives are encountering similar concerns about privacy and discrimination today as their predecessors did in the 1980s.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1594333485,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1654},"headData":{"title":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19 | KQED","description":"California’s coronavirus detectives are encountering similar concerns about privacy and discrimination today as their predecessors did in the 1980s.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11828008 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11828008","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/07/09/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19/","disqusTitle":"Tensions Around Contact Tracing During the AIDS Era Are Resurfacing With COVID-19","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/d184ff97-789f-4f63-a78a-abf101303f40/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11828008/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the \"free love\" era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A day later, the person calls,\" Potterat said. \"He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the '70s,\" he says. \"But everything changed with AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the '80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,\" Potterat remembered. \"And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,\" he said \"So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid '80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Coronavirus coverage ","tag":"coronavirus"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,\" said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have to be able to protect themselves,\" he said. \"If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, 'well, what exactly is it supposed to add?' We’ve already told every single gay man they're at high-risk, and they should get tested,\" said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. \"At the time, the answer was, 'Nothing,'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, with much better drugs, it's become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the '80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,\" she said after a recent shift. \"It’s just getting crazy busy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,\" Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"left","citation":"Lisa Fagundes, a contact tracer in San Francisco","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s Latino immigrant communities and communities of color who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 — they are more likely to contract the virus and more likely to die from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the mistrust and fears of discrimination are the same as they were for the gay community in the '80s: lost jobs, lost housing, and now, getting deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Here, because a lot of people may or may not be documented,\" Rutherford said. \"People are hesitant, much like gay men were hesitant to get on a list of gay men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes the work very difficult, Fagundes said, “because they’re a lot more curt and resistant, or suspicious or scared and upset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Overcoming Mistrust\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local state and county public health departments are leaning on lessons learned in the '80s to overcome the mistrust. They are running social media campaigns to demystify contact tracing and remind people the U.S. has been doing this for decades to contain all sorts of outbreaks, like STDs, measles, tuberculosis and food poisoning. They are building bridges with the affected populations by partnering with community groups that already have trusted relationships with them. And they are emphasizing hiring contact tracers who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822532/diversity-among-disease-detectives-key-to-containing-the-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bilingual and bicultural\u003c/a> to ease communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to truly win the public’s buy-in for contact tracing, veterans say the local health departments need back up from the federal government — they need a leader with a unifying message: us against the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president today, just like the president in the '80s, is doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away,\" Potterat said. \"And if it doesn't go away, 'Well, it's not affecting people that are really, really very important.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn't there, or that it would go away.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"John Potterat, contact tracer for 40 years","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan refused to reference AIDS in public for the first several years of the epidemic, alienating the gay community that was most impacted by the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump refuses to wear a mask in public, repeatedly contradicts his top scientific advisors and routinely makes remarks that alienate the communities of color most impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We paid the price then for a president who wouldn't utter the word,\" said David Harvey, executive director of the National Coalition of STD Directors, referring to the illness and deaths that could have been prevented. \"This is where we have history repeating itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a sustained national education campaign, without a unified national message and without leaders who model the behavior that curbs transmission of the virus, he said, the pandemic will spread, and more people will die.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11828008/the-same-tensions-around-contact-tracing-during-the-aids-era-are-resurfacing-with-covid-19","authors":["3205"],"categories":["news_457","news_1169","news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_1510","news_18538","news_27828","news_27350","news_27504","news_28051","news_18543","news_1511","news_20202","news_17968","news_19960","news_28224"],"featImg":"news_11828021","label":"news"},"news_11810441":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11810441","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11810441","score":null,"sort":[1586008833000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","title":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1586008833,"format":"audio","headTitle":"California Foodways | The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The coronavirus is on all of our minds, and for some, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic\">brings back memories \u003c/a>of another public health crisis, where the federal government was slow to respond and communities had to take care of each other: the AIDS epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who became an unexpected caregiver is Meridy Volz. Starting in the 1970s, she ran a bakery called Sticky Fingers Brownies. \"The business changed,\" Meridy says. \"It went from something fun and lightweight to something that was a lifeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Meridy Moves Out West\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy arrived in San Francisco in 1975, just in time to have her mind blown on Polk Street on Halloween. “It was filled with costumes and color and drag queens and energy,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was ready for a scene like this. She’d already been an artist and activist in Milwaukee, protesting for gay liberation and against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And San Francisco was like a land of promise: — liberal and artistic and free,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was a working artist, but needed a little more income, so she joined a friend selling baked goods and coffee on Fisherman’s Wharf. Today, the wharf is a tourist trap, but back then, it was a haven for street artists, selling handcrafted jewelry and knickknacks on little card tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Barbara Hartman-Jenichen, former baker at Sticky Fingers\"]'It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend carried a Guatemalan pouch of marijuana brownies over her shoulder, and that quickly became the most lucrative part of her business. When she decided to move to Europe, she offered the business to Meridy. Like every decision in her life, Meridy consulted an ancient Chinese text, the \"I Ching,\" used for guidance and wisdom, which involved tossing a brass coin six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I picked up the coins and I tossed a hexagram,” she says, and then asked, ‘Is it correct to start to sell brownies?’ And very quickly, my answer became clear that this was my destiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticky Fingers Is Born\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was one little problem: Meridy couldn’t cook. But luckily, she met Barbara Hartman-Jenichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barb had been a costumer for a prominent San Francisco theater, but pretty soon she quit that job and started baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers making a lot more than brownies. “Pumpkin bread, blueberry muffins, some little peanut butter things called space balls, cranberry orange bread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One evening after handling brownies all day, Barb had an idea: “I held my hands up and said, ‘sticky fingers,’ and boom, that was the name of the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name was perfect: a little sweet, a little dirty, and a little rock 'n' roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1497px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1497\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg 1497w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-800x641.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-1020x818.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1497px) 100vw, 1497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barb and Meridy smile together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists at Fisherman’s Wharf started sending Meridy to gallery owners and shop owners in the neighborhood, who sent her to other store owners. Pretty soon, Sticky Fingers was delivering to small businesses all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can I tell you? Fools have no fear,” says Barb. “It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected. I never felt threatened at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consulted the \"I Ching\" over every decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we wouldn't even go to a bar without tossing a hexagram,” says Barb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Meridy Volz\"]'There were beautiful boys everywhere. There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was making money. She had good friends and time to paint. The one area of her life that felt unfulfilled was her love life. So Barb set her up on a blind date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been going to UC Berkeley, but he dropped out to go to the Berkeley Psychic Institute. He was also a painter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug Volz went to Meridy’s house and saw her at the top of these long Victorian stairs, with light beaming behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a very strong impression,” he says. “And that first week with her I did more drugs than I'd done in my life previously up until that point in time. It was pretty wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved in together almost right away, into a firetrap of a warehouse in San Francisco’s Mission District, and Doug joined Sticky Fingers Brownies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810559\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 489px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"489\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-160x203.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-1020x1293.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sticky Fingers crew dressed up in outrageous outfits to deliver their brownies around San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A New Neighborhood Route\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Barb went back to working in theater, so Sticky Fingers hired a new baker, Carmen Vigil, who ramped up production to about 10,000 brownies per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes you wonder, why would they draw so much attention to themselves if they’re doing something illegal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug explains, matter-of-factly, “The way to be invisible in a situation is to stand out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d deliver the brownies wearing outrageous outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810565\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 404px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11810565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg 1785w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-160x289.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-800x1446.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-1020x1843.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meridy and Doug made hand-drawn designs for the bags the brownies came in. One has a cowboy riding a brownie like a bucking bronco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dressing up played really well in her newest neighborhood route: the Castro. It was the destination of people from across America who wanted to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were beautiful boys everywhere,” says Meridy. “There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps. Lovely men everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also hand delivered to Castro resident Sylvester, known as the Queen of Disco. Sylvester’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyAHULpMXKQ\">breakout hit, \"Mighty Real,\"\u003c/a> was playing all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy says, “He always had an entourage, and there'd be Sylvester, generally in lounging pajamas or kimono, and they'd buy a massive amount of brownies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sticky Fingers Brownies became so popular in the Castro that Meridy could hardly keep up, so her friends at a neighborhood hotspot called the Village Deli started selling them from behind the counter, friends like Dan Clowry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mer was just coming by with a big smile and her beautiful eyes. I always thought she looked like a mermaid or like a peacock feather,” Dan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan moved to San Francisco on June 11, 1978. He drove his Oldsmobile convertible into the neighborhood and saw the iconic Castro theater sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had such a feeling of excitement and thrill,\" Dan says. \"I could tell I was starting a new life. And I wasn't disappointed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Dan landed a job at the Village Deli. “And by the end of the day I was stoned on brownies,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was lugging more than brownies around. In late 1977, she and Doug had a baby daughter, Alia. Meridy would push the baby stroller with brownie bags hanging off the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could have been diaper bags! It was a good place to hang the brownies. They were heavy,” she says. She carried up to 40 dozen brownies at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says the fact that everyone knew they could pick up Sticky Fingers Brownies at the Village Deli gave the cafe a bit of celebrity status. “This added to the the general feeling of euphoria in the Castro at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810562\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810562\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg 705w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Volz hold his daughter, Alia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'It All Came Crashing Down'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gay liberation politics were hot and happening in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy frequented most of the stores in the neighborhood, including Castro Camera. It was a tiny, cluttered photo shop, that also served as campaign and organizing headquarters for Harvey Milk, who was becoming the most iconic figure of the gay liberation movement. Harvey had sworn off drugs when he got into politics, but that didn’t mean his employees or campaign volunteers abstained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You know, I got there in June of ‘78, so I only had, what, four or five months of euphoria, then it all came crashing down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, a young Dianne Feinstein made a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NikqzmwbgU\">now-famous statement to the press,\u003c/a> “As President of the Board of Supervisors, it’s my duty to make this announcement. Both Mayor Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk have been shot and killed. The suspect is Supervisor Dan White.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can remember standing in the warehouse and going, ‘Oh, my God,'” Meridy says. “I could feel the earth shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You could feel the shock, the stillness on Castro Street.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At nightfall, a silent candlelight vigil went from Castro Street down to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"a message on the last bag of Sticky Fingers Brownies\"]'Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The candlelight march was one of the most powerful things I've ever been involved in,” Dan says. “It just was the start of a whole new feeling in the Castro. Then it became anger and shock and rebellion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood changed, the city changed, and the Volz family began to change. The \"I Ching\" hexagrams Meridy threw took an ominous turn. “Suddenly I'm getting hexagrams like shock, thunder, the abysmal,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other marijuana busts happening in San Francisco, Meridy and Doug thought they’d get caught. Meridy says, when they announced they were closing Sticky Fingers Brownies, people started to panic buy. Offers poured in from people who wanted to buy the business, or buy the recipe, or buy the customer list. Meridy says the \"I Ching\" hexagrams kept giving the same answer: not right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to give away the recipe. So on that last bag, they printed the recipe and Meridy wrote in cursive: “Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1358px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1358\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg 1358w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-800x623.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-1020x794.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brownies wrapped, ready for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Changing Castro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy, Doug and little Alia moved up to a town called Willits in Mendocino County, but with no plan for making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty soon it seemed obvious that our money, whatever we had, was running out. It was a matter of months,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started making monthly runs back down to San Francisco, often with Alia in tow, staying at Beck’s Motor Lodge on the edge of the Castro. It was on these monthly runs that Meridy first started noticing little purple lesions on customers’ skin. It wouldn’t be long before the brownies became much more than a money-making venture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it was 1981, during my run in the Castro. I walked past Star Pharmacy and saw a poster that had somebody showing their lesions with Kaposi, and it was talking about the 'gay cancer,' ” says Meridy. The “gay cancer” soon became known as AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibe in the Castro began to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No longer was that kind of sea of pretty men draped over cars and sitting on steps,” says Meridy. “There was a fear. It was palpable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From his post at the Village Deli, Dan Clowry watched the AIDS epidemic unfold. [aside postID=\"news_11808367\" label=\"Looking to the Past\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/1920_Silverman-1020x574.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was taking people out right and left,\" Dan says. \"I was one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan started to see his role change from restaurant manager to care-taker. He wanted to make sure his customers were comfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of shame, and I just did my best to try to not make people feel ashamed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, one of Dan’s regular customers came in, his head swollen and purple like a grape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could just barely see who he was. But he was always a character in the neighborhood, someone who loved to dress up in 1940s military uniforms. And even with his head being all swollen up, he would dress himself up in his outfits and he'd put that little cap on the top of his head and he'd come to the door knowing that I was gonna be there and say, ‘Girl, you look fabulous today.’ You could see him just straighten up and feel, for a few minutes, it wasn’t nearly as bad,” Dan says, tearing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy started losing friends, too. First acquaintances, lovers of friends, and then her best friend, Phillip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Phillip was beautiful, with the kind of smile where his whole face smiles,” she says. “One minute we were going to the opera, the next minute he was dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS was still not well understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn't know if that was airborne or to the touch,” says Meridy, “and for me, I didn't care. I was just there to help. I wasn't there to judge. I wasn't there to be afraid. And you had to put your big girl panties on for this. Being in the middle of that plague, my gut never let me down there. I always felt that I would be safe. And that Alia would be safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alia Volz\"]'Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the AIDS epidemic killed tens of thousands of people, President Ronald Reagan refused to talk about it for years. Throughout the entire AIDS crisis, there was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-history-month-early-days-america-s-aids-crisis-n919701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chronic underfunding and a lack of government support\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco General Hospital opened the first AIDS ward in the country, and activism took many forms. People delivered meals, created hospices, supported emergency funds. Cleve Jones started the \u003ca href=\"https://aidsmemorial.org/theaidsquilt-learnmore/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAMES Project, \u003c/a>putting together a massive quilt that would appeal to mainstream America. Though it started in New York, the advocacy group ACT UP staged \u003ca href=\"https://48hills.org/2015/06/the-week-act-up-shut-sf-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highly visible protests\u003c/a> in San Francisco, too, and campaigned to get early access to experimental drugs and to make sure that when these drugs came out, they’d be affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Clowry says, “When they did come up with AZT, that was the only thing they had. Every place you went in the Castro you would hear ‘doo doo doo doo doo,’ because everybody had the little beeper with their pills in it. Every four hours they had to take their pills. Restaurants, movies, bars, you would just keep hearing: ‘doo doo doo doo doo.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became clear that AZT wasn’t effective in the long term. It extended some people’s lives for a period, but it was also highly toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were sick from the cures,” says Meridy, “and brownies were the one thing that helped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, Sticky Fingers Brownies was all about partying, making art and being subversive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The brownies became something else, when AIDS hit,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became a calling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helped with depression,” she says. “It helped with the side effects of the drugs. It helped caregivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says he would give a sick friend a small piece of a brownie, “and then we'd go out for dinner. It was great for an appetite stimulant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '90s, Dan left the Village Deli and became a nurse. He eventually helped open the AIDS unit at Mount Zion hospital, “and I ended up using that experience in my nursing because we would let people smoke marijuana out the windows of the hospital. Anything we could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810567\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1335px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1335\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg 1335w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-1020x810.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1335px) 100vw, 1335px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Wrapettes,\" preparing the brownies for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Finding a Purpose in Providing Some Relief\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Alia was 9, her parents divorced. Mother and daughter moved back to San Francisco, and Alia was deemed old enough to help bake, and sometimes she went with her mom on deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the AIDS crisis, there were a lot of home deliveries,” says Meridy. At this point she’d been delivering to Sylvester at his house for a decade. “After a while delivering at Sylvester's, I only dealt with his entourage, when he got really sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s another delivery that's really vivid in my mind,” says Alia. “There was a couple, friends of Sylvester’s, who lived in a beautiful Victorian.” She remembers the man who came to the door being so emaciated she could see every bone in his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did not know what we were walking into,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, when she entered the couple’s living room, she noticed a photograph on the mantle. “They were on a beach with their arms around each other, sand on their shoulders, and smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a bed in the middle of the room. “It took a while for me to register that what I thought was a pile of blankets on the bed was a person,” Alia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The caregiver was sick and the guy in the bed was on his last leg,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, “His caretaker who was also his partner, who was also dying, woke him up to say, ‘I’ve got those brownies and it’ll make you feel better.’ After that, when I helped my mom bake on the weekends, there was a new reason to do it. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"pop_103422\" label=\"Stepping Up In a Time of Need\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/06/Ruth-Brinker-1020x574.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, first lady Nancy Reagan had started the \"Just Say No\" advertising campaign during the war on drugs. Alia sat through assemblies at school and saw PSAs on television. “Remember that egg hitting a frying pan?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy stayed under the radar. She never got caught. But other people involved with getting marijuana to people with AIDS did jail time and took the fight for medical marijuana public. One of those people was Brownie Mary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy remembers her as being kind of conservative. “She kind of looked like the church lady down the block, you know,\" Meridy says. \"You wouldn't look at her and say, ‘Criminal, right there.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, protease inhibitors came on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They started to have some medicines that seem to be — in some way — helping people live longer with it,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two years, Meridy watched cannabis clubs proliferate throughout San Francisco and realized her brownies just weren’t as necessary as they had been. She left San Francisco and has been making art full time ever since. She’s 72 now, living in Desert Hot Springs, where she paints and teaches art to teenagers and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California today, the adult use of cannabis is legal, but Meridy says she’s totally out of the game, only taking an edible occasionally when she’s at home painting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t talk about the old days that much, but since Alia just wrote a book about her mom’s life, Meridy’s starting to have to reveal her San Francisco days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says her childhood was unconventional, “But I was nurtured, I was cared for, and I was surrounded by an enormous amount of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy had that same kind of love for her friends and her community, Alia says, and that led her to do the risky work of making and selling marijuana brownies to help ease the suffering of people with AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy still finds the AIDS crisis stunning. “I look back at how many beautiful people passed. It was a dangerous time, but in this case, it wasn't a thrill out of danger. It became a sense of, ‘Well, I have a purpose here in this. There's something I could do to help a little, relieve a little pain.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alia Volz’s memoir, \"\u003ca href=\"https://aliavolz.com/\">Home Baked\u003c/a>: My Mom, Marijuana, and the Stoning of San Francisco,\" comes out on 4/20, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported by \u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">California Humanities\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Meridy Volz became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the 1980s with her San Francisco baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1586217013,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":104,"wordCount":3578},"headData":{"title":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"Meridy Volz became an unexpected source of comfort to people suffering from AIDS in the 1980s with her San Francisco baking business, Sticky Fingers Brownies.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11810441 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11810441","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/04/04/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic/","disqusTitle":"Home Baked: How Pot Brownies Brought Some Relief During the AIDS Epidemic","path":"/news/11810441/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2020/04/TCRPM20200403.mp3","audioDuration":1741000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The coronavirus is on all of our minds, and for some, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic\">brings back memories \u003c/a>of another public health crisis, where the federal government was slow to respond and communities had to take care of each other: the AIDS epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman who became an unexpected caregiver is Meridy Volz. Starting in the 1970s, she ran a bakery called Sticky Fingers Brownies. \"The business changed,\" Meridy says. \"It went from something fun and lightweight to something that was a lifeline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Meridy Moves Out West\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy arrived in San Francisco in 1975, just in time to have her mind blown on Polk Street on Halloween. “It was filled with costumes and color and drag queens and energy,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was ready for a scene like this. She’d already been an artist and activist in Milwaukee, protesting for gay liberation and against the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And San Francisco was like a land of promise: — liberal and artistic and free,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy was a working artist, but needed a little more income, so she joined a friend selling baked goods and coffee on Fisherman’s Wharf. Today, the wharf is a tourist trap, but back then, it was a haven for street artists, selling handcrafted jewelry and knickknacks on little card tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Barbara Hartman-Jenichen, former baker at Sticky Fingers","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her friend carried a Guatemalan pouch of marijuana brownies over her shoulder, and that quickly became the most lucrative part of her business. When she decided to move to Europe, she offered the business to Meridy. Like every decision in her life, Meridy consulted an ancient Chinese text, the \"I Ching,\" used for guidance and wisdom, which involved tossing a brass coin six times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I picked up the coins and I tossed a hexagram,” she says, and then asked, ‘Is it correct to start to sell brownies?’ And very quickly, my answer became clear that this was my destiny.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticky Fingers Is Born\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There was one little problem: Meridy couldn’t cook. But luckily, she met Barbara Hartman-Jenichen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barb had been a costumer for a prominent San Francisco theater, but pretty soon she quit that job and started baking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers making a lot more than brownies. “Pumpkin bread, blueberry muffins, some little peanut butter things called space balls, cranberry orange bread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One evening after handling brownies all day, Barb had an idea: “I held my hands up and said, ‘sticky fingers,’ and boom, that was the name of the business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name was perfect: a little sweet, a little dirty, and a little rock 'n' roll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810549\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1497px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810549\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1497\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut.jpg 1497w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-160x128.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-800x641.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42515_Pic-003_Barb-and-Mer-qut-1020x818.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1497px) 100vw, 1497px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barb and Meridy smile together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The artists at Fisherman’s Wharf started sending Meridy to gallery owners and shop owners in the neighborhood, who sent her to other store owners. Pretty soon, Sticky Fingers was delivering to small businesses all over the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What can I tell you? Fools have no fear,” says Barb. “It was that whole time, that whole era, everything seemed magical. Walking next to cops on the wharf and you've got magic brownies in your bag and you know, and you feel protected. I never felt threatened at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They consulted the \"I Ching\" over every decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean we wouldn't even go to a bar without tossing a hexagram,” says Barb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'There were beautiful boys everywhere. There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Meridy Volz","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was making money. She had good friends and time to paint. The one area of her life that felt unfulfilled was her love life. So Barb set her up on a blind date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He had been going to UC Berkeley, but he dropped out to go to the Berkeley Psychic Institute. He was also a painter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug Volz went to Meridy’s house and saw her at the top of these long Victorian stairs, with light beaming behind her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a very strong impression,” he says. “And that first week with her I did more drugs than I'd done in my life previously up until that point in time. It was pretty wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They moved in together almost right away, into a firetrap of a warehouse in San Francisco’s Mission District, and Doug joined Sticky Fingers Brownies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810559\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 489px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810559\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"489\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-160x203.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-800x1014.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42510_orange-and-blue2-qut-1020x1293.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Sticky Fingers crew dressed up in outrageous outfits to deliver their brownies around San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A New Neighborhood Route\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Barb went back to working in theater, so Sticky Fingers hired a new baker, Carmen Vigil, who ramped up production to about 10,000 brownies per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which makes you wonder, why would they draw so much attention to themselves if they’re doing something illegal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doug explains, matter-of-factly, “The way to be invisible in a situation is to stand out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’d deliver the brownies wearing outrageous outfits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810565\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 404px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11810565\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut.jpg 1785w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-160x289.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-800x1446.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42512_Bag-2-qut-1020x1843.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meridy and Doug made hand-drawn designs for the bags the brownies came in. One has a cowboy riding a brownie like a bucking bronco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dressing up played really well in her newest neighborhood route: the Castro. It was the destination of people from across America who wanted to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were beautiful boys everywhere,” says Meridy. “There was a style: There were sideburns and mutton chops and mustaches. They were draped over cars and leaning on buildings and sitting on steps. Lovely men everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also hand delivered to Castro resident Sylvester, known as the Queen of Disco. Sylvester’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyAHULpMXKQ\">breakout hit, \"Mighty Real,\"\u003c/a> was playing all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy says, “He always had an entourage, and there'd be Sylvester, generally in lounging pajamas or kimono, and they'd buy a massive amount of brownies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sticky Fingers Brownies became so popular in the Castro that Meridy could hardly keep up, so her friends at a neighborhood hotspot called the Village Deli started selling them from behind the counter, friends like Dan Clowry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mer was just coming by with a big smile and her beautiful eyes. I always thought she looked like a mermaid or like a peacock feather,” Dan says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan moved to San Francisco on June 11, 1978. He drove his Oldsmobile convertible into the neighborhood and saw the iconic Castro theater sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had such a feeling of excitement and thrill,\" Dan says. \"I could tell I was starting a new life. And I wasn't disappointed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Dan landed a job at the Village Deli. “And by the end of the day I was stoned on brownies,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By this time, Meridy was lugging more than brownies around. In late 1977, she and Doug had a baby daughter, Alia. Meridy would push the baby stroller with brownie bags hanging off the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They could have been diaper bags! It was a good place to hang the brownies. They were heavy,” she says. She carried up to 40 dozen brownies at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says the fact that everyone knew they could pick up Sticky Fingers Brownies at the Village Deli gave the cafe a bit of celebrity status. “This added to the the general feeling of euphoria in the Castro at the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810562\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-11810562\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut.jpg 705w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42508_8.-Me-and-Dad-qut-160x232.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doug Volz hold his daughter, Alia. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>'It All Came Crashing Down'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Gay liberation politics were hot and happening in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy frequented most of the stores in the neighborhood, including Castro Camera. It was a tiny, cluttered photo shop, that also served as campaign and organizing headquarters for Harvey Milk, who was becoming the most iconic figure of the gay liberation movement. Harvey had sworn off drugs when he got into politics, but that didn’t mean his employees or campaign volunteers abstained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You know, I got there in June of ‘78, so I only had, what, four or five months of euphoria, then it all came crashing down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late November, a young Dianne Feinstein made a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NikqzmwbgU\">now-famous statement to the press,\u003c/a> “As President of the Board of Supervisors, it’s my duty to make this announcement. Both Mayor Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk have been shot and killed. The suspect is Supervisor Dan White.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can remember standing in the warehouse and going, ‘Oh, my God,'” Meridy says. “I could feel the earth shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan remembers, “You could feel the shock, the stillness on Castro Street.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At nightfall, a silent candlelight vigil went from Castro Street down to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"a message on the last bag of Sticky Fingers Brownies","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The candlelight march was one of the most powerful things I've ever been involved in,” Dan says. “It just was the start of a whole new feeling in the Castro. Then it became anger and shock and rebellion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood changed, the city changed, and the Volz family began to change. The \"I Ching\" hexagrams Meridy threw took an ominous turn. “Suddenly I'm getting hexagrams like shock, thunder, the abysmal,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other marijuana busts happening in San Francisco, Meridy and Doug thought they’d get caught. Meridy says, when they announced they were closing Sticky Fingers Brownies, people started to panic buy. Offers poured in from people who wanted to buy the business, or buy the recipe, or buy the customer list. Meridy says the \"I Ching\" hexagrams kept giving the same answer: not right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They decided to give away the recipe. So on that last bag, they printed the recipe and Meridy wrote in cursive: “Give it up and you get it all, power to the people, we love you, Sticky Fingers Brownies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810548\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1358px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810548\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1358\" height=\"1057\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut.jpg 1358w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-800x623.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42518_Scan_20200401-6-qut-1020x794.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1358px) 100vw, 1358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brownies wrapped, ready for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Changing Castro\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Meridy, Doug and little Alia moved up to a town called Willits in Mendocino County, but with no plan for making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty soon it seemed obvious that our money, whatever we had, was running out. It was a matter of months,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started making monthly runs back down to San Francisco, often with Alia in tow, staying at Beck’s Motor Lodge on the edge of the Castro. It was on these monthly runs that Meridy first started noticing little purple lesions on customers’ skin. It wouldn’t be long before the brownies became much more than a money-making venture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe it was 1981, during my run in the Castro. I walked past Star Pharmacy and saw a poster that had somebody showing their lesions with Kaposi, and it was talking about the 'gay cancer,' ” says Meridy. The “gay cancer” soon became known as AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibe in the Castro began to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No longer was that kind of sea of pretty men draped over cars and sitting on steps,” says Meridy. “There was a fear. It was palpable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From his post at the Village Deli, Dan Clowry watched the AIDS epidemic unfold. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11808367","label":"Looking to the Past ","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/1920_Silverman-1020x574.jpg"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was taking people out right and left,\" Dan says. \"I was one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan started to see his role change from restaurant manager to care-taker. He wanted to make sure his customers were comfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a lot of shame, and I just did my best to try to not make people feel ashamed,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day, one of Dan’s regular customers came in, his head swollen and purple like a grape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could just barely see who he was. But he was always a character in the neighborhood, someone who loved to dress up in 1940s military uniforms. And even with his head being all swollen up, he would dress himself up in his outfits and he'd put that little cap on the top of his head and he'd come to the door knowing that I was gonna be there and say, ‘Girl, you look fabulous today.’ You could see him just straighten up and feel, for a few minutes, it wasn’t nearly as bad,” Dan says, tearing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy started losing friends, too. First acquaintances, lovers of friends, and then her best friend, Phillip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Phillip was beautiful, with the kind of smile where his whole face smiles,” she says. “One minute we were going to the opera, the next minute he was dead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS was still not well understood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They didn't know if that was airborne or to the touch,” says Meridy, “and for me, I didn't care. I was just there to help. I wasn't there to judge. I wasn't there to be afraid. And you had to put your big girl panties on for this. Being in the middle of that plague, my gut never let me down there. I always felt that I would be safe. And that Alia would be safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Alia Volz","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the AIDS epidemic killed tens of thousands of people, President Ronald Reagan refused to talk about it for years. Throughout the entire AIDS crisis, there was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/lgbtq-history-month-early-days-america-s-aids-crisis-n919701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chronic underfunding and a lack of government support\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco General Hospital opened the first AIDS ward in the country, and activism took many forms. People delivered meals, created hospices, supported emergency funds. Cleve Jones started the \u003ca href=\"https://aidsmemorial.org/theaidsquilt-learnmore/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NAMES Project, \u003c/a>putting together a massive quilt that would appeal to mainstream America. Though it started in New York, the advocacy group ACT UP staged \u003ca href=\"https://48hills.org/2015/06/the-week-act-up-shut-sf-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">highly visible protests\u003c/a> in San Francisco, too, and campaigned to get early access to experimental drugs and to make sure that when these drugs came out, they’d be affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Clowry says, “When they did come up with AZT, that was the only thing they had. Every place you went in the Castro you would hear ‘doo doo doo doo doo,’ because everybody had the little beeper with their pills in it. Every four hours they had to take their pills. Restaurants, movies, bars, you would just keep hearing: ‘doo doo doo doo doo.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became clear that AZT wasn’t effective in the long term. It extended some people’s lives for a period, but it was also highly toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People were sick from the cures,” says Meridy, “and brownies were the one thing that helped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '70s, Sticky Fingers Brownies was all about partying, making art and being subversive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The brownies became something else, when AIDS hit,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became a calling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helped with depression,” she says. “It helped with the side effects of the drugs. It helped caregivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan says he would give a sick friend a small piece of a brownie, “and then we'd go out for dinner. It was great for an appetite stimulant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the '90s, Dan left the Village Deli and became a nurse. He eventually helped open the AIDS unit at Mount Zion hospital, “and I ended up using that experience in my nursing because we would let people smoke marijuana out the windows of the hospital. Anything we could do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11810567\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1335px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11810567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1335\" height=\"1060\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut.jpg 1335w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/04/RS42516_Scan_20200401-10-qut-1020x810.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1335px) 100vw, 1335px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Wrapettes,\" preparing the brownies for delivery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meridy Volz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Finding a Purpose in Providing Some Relief\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Alia was 9, her parents divorced. Mother and daughter moved back to San Francisco, and Alia was deemed old enough to help bake, and sometimes she went with her mom on deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the AIDS crisis, there were a lot of home deliveries,” says Meridy. At this point she’d been delivering to Sylvester at his house for a decade. “After a while delivering at Sylvester's, I only dealt with his entourage, when he got really sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s another delivery that's really vivid in my mind,” says Alia. “There was a couple, friends of Sylvester’s, who lived in a beautiful Victorian.” She remembers the man who came to the door being so emaciated she could see every bone in his body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did not know what we were walking into,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, when she entered the couple’s living room, she noticed a photograph on the mantle. “They were on a beach with their arms around each other, sand on their shoulders, and smiling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a bed in the middle of the room. “It took a while for me to register that what I thought was a pile of blankets on the bed was a person,” Alia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The caregiver was sick and the guy in the bed was on his last leg,” says Meridy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says, “His caretaker who was also his partner, who was also dying, woke him up to say, ‘I’ve got those brownies and it’ll make you feel better.’ After that, when I helped my mom bake on the weekends, there was a new reason to do it. Pot brownies weren’t going to save anyone’s life over the long term but it brought them relief, and there wasn’t a lot of relief in those days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"pop_103422","label":"Stepping Up In a Time of Need ","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2018/06/Ruth-Brinker-1020x574.jpg"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, first lady Nancy Reagan had started the \"Just Say No\" advertising campaign during the war on drugs. Alia sat through assemblies at school and saw PSAs on television. “Remember that egg hitting a frying pan?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy stayed under the radar. She never got caught. But other people involved with getting marijuana to people with AIDS did jail time and took the fight for medical marijuana public. One of those people was Brownie Mary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy remembers her as being kind of conservative. “She kind of looked like the church lady down the block, you know,\" Meridy says. \"You wouldn't look at her and say, ‘Criminal, right there.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around this time, protease inhibitors came on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They started to have some medicines that seem to be — in some way — helping people live longer with it,” Meridy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next two years, Meridy watched cannabis clubs proliferate throughout San Francisco and realized her brownies just weren’t as necessary as they had been. She left San Francisco and has been making art full time ever since. She’s 72 now, living in Desert Hot Springs, where she paints and teaches art to teenagers and retirees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California today, the adult use of cannabis is legal, but Meridy says she’s totally out of the game, only taking an edible occasionally when she’s at home painting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She doesn’t talk about the old days that much, but since Alia just wrote a book about her mom’s life, Meridy’s starting to have to reveal her San Francisco days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alia says her childhood was unconventional, “But I was nurtured, I was cared for, and I was surrounded by an enormous amount of love.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy had that same kind of love for her friends and her community, Alia says, and that led her to do the risky work of making and selling marijuana brownies to help ease the suffering of people with AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meridy still finds the AIDS crisis stunning. “I look back at how many beautiful people passed. It was a dangerous time, but in this case, it wasn't a thrill out of danger. It became a sense of, ‘Well, I have a purpose here in this. There's something I could do to help a little, relieve a little pain.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alia Volz’s memoir, \"\u003ca href=\"https://aliavolz.com/\">Home Baked\u003c/a>: My Mom, Marijuana, and the Stoning of San Francisco,\" comes out on 4/20, 2020.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a> is supported by \u003ca href=\"https://calhum.org/\">California Humanities\u003c/a>, and the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food and Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11810441/home-baked-how-pot-brownies-brought-some-relief-during-the-aids-epidemic","authors":["3229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"series":["news_17045"],"categories":["news_223","news_24114","news_457","news_8"],"tags":["news_1510","news_21534","news_1511","news_102","news_431","news_24663"],"featImg":"news_11810556","label":"news_26731"},"news_11808367":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11808367","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11808367","score":null,"sort":[1585062355000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic","title":"Coronavirus Lessons From Veterans of the AIDS Epidemic","publishDate":1585062355,"format":"audio","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>For some, the coronavirus pandemic brings back memories of the struggle against AIDS and serves as a reminder of San Francisco in the early 1980s. This is especially true for those who helped lead that fight 40 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"1981 was an amazing year,\" Dr. Paul Volberding recounted recently. He had just finished his training as an oncologist — a cancer specialist, and on rounds the very first day he recalls seeing \"the first patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma that was admitted to the hospital.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all started as part of a curiosity for Volberding. \"To me, it was a very interesting cancer. Wow!\" he recalls thinking about the 22 year old who was his first patient. \"I looked in the books and it wasn't supposed to be in 22 year olds at all,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volberding was suddenly on the frontlines of a mysterious illness during a crisis where medicine, public health and politics collided head on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11808401\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11808401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Paul Volberding was trained in oncology but became involved in the early AIDS epidemic in San Francisco at San Francisco General Hospital. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The contrast of the confusion regarding AIDS then, to what we know today is stark. \"Today, we know exactly what COVID-19 is, right down to its gene sequencing. The virus is already being studied for possible clues to effective treatments,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With AIDS, it was years before scientists discovered exactly what caused it. Until that was known, there was fear — bordering on hysteria at first — that the disease could easily be passed along through sneezing or touching, eerily reminiscent of the novel coronavirus today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roma Guy remembers AIDS as \"this mystery disease,\" where people were \"falling like flies,\" and no one knew why. Guy was an organizer in the women’s community in San Francisco at the time. As the AIDS toll mounted, she described the prejudice against those diagnosed with the illness, especially gay men and people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guy, who went on to serve as a city health commissioner, says AIDS was like a medical earthquake that forced a new way of thinking. \"The public health system had to go through a whole transformation,\" she said, because it wasn't set up to deal with this kind of epidemic at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1982, Diane Jones, now Guy's wife, had just graduated from City College of San Francisco School of Nursing and went to work at San Francisco General Hospital. She ended up working on 5B, the world's first inpatient HIV unit, for 15 years. Fear was one of her most vivid memories from that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I could come in at eleven o'clock at night and there would be patients with three meal trays stacked up outside the room because people were too afraid to go in and nobody was really giving any guidance,\" Jones recalled. \"This issue of really not knowing for certain how it's transmitted is really different than the situation that we have right now with the coronavirus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Largely forgotten, said Jones, were women — many of them lesbians who were helping gay men have children by using the \"turkey baster\" method, as she called it. Those artificial inseminations left them worried about becoming infected with the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Paul Boneberg\"]\"We need to all work on this together to make it happen and go faster. We always need to go faster, go faster, go faster. Get on it, move it forward. And those imperatives that come from the HIV/AIDS response are applicable right now.\"[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have to beg over and over and over again to get a test after the test was discovered or to be really examined and determined that they had AIDS. Why was that? Because they weren't perceived to be at-risk,\" Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this time, San Francisco’s public health director was Dr. Mervyn Silverman. \"I hate to say, but we didn't know what we were doing back then in those early stages,\" acknowledged Silverman, now 81.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman says that before AIDS, public health departments were focused on relatively mundane things like inspecting restaurants and running STD clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS changed that. As Silverman remembers it, the AIDS crisis forced the city to prioritize the public — giving funds to gay and lesbian community groups which took the lead on AIDS education and prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't remember us funding other things in those days like that. But it made our life easier and it made what we did much more effective,\" Silverman said. Today it's routine to partner with community-based organizations to do culturally competent health education and outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to health workers, community organizing took place in cultural centers like Paul Boneberg's bookstore in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood. The store quickly became the epicenter of the AIDS epidemic and Boneberg co-founded a group called Mobilization Against AIDS to help answer questions and calm the nerves of the city's terrified gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS wasn't political at first, Boneberg recalls, it became more so with anti-gay ballot measures and a lack of action from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg says the focus shifted to working to get things moving more quickly. \"Meaning let's try to get money for research. Let's try to get money to care for people,\" he says. Later it became more political, \"when the roadblocks to getting that funding and then civil rights attacks occurred.\" Initially, the first response was similar to now, he says, which is how can government move faster?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were divisions that tore apart the city's gay community, such as whether to close bathhouses, which many saw as symbols of gay liberation, but others viewed as places where the virus easily spread. Silverman initially saw the bathhouses as places where men could be educated about the risks of AIDS, but he eventually ordered them closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg would like to think AIDS has informed the current coronavirus experience. \"We need to unify,\" he says and \"focus on testing and treatment for COVID-19 rather than dividing along political lines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Dr. Volberding, who lived and worked through the darkest years of the AIDS epidemic, says much of what they learned then is relevant today. \"The response to COVID-19 today leaves plenty to criticize — not enough test kits, lack of protective equipment for health care workers and mixed messages from the federal government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the lessons from 40 years ago are still very important to heed. \"Some of the most important lessons were the connection between medicine ... the public health system, the political system, [and] the linkages that formed. I think those are obviously incredibly important lessons for today,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activist Roma Guy hears echoes from the past in the national presence of Dr. Anthony Fauci, who became director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to have more of an impact on the national response to the AIDS epidemic. Speaker Nancy Pelosi is also an echo of the past. Pelosi was first elected in 1987 on a promise to get more federal funding to fight AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have Fauci standing up there. You have Pelosi standing up there who were at the epicenter of AIDS and have learned the essential lessons of what you do when you have a health challenge,\" Guy said, emphasizing how the response becomes part of public health and then part of the governing structure. \"That is an amazing lesson on the backs of people who died early of AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Silverman, the former health director, it was both exciting and deeply distressing. \"It was fascinating, frustrating, depressing and exhilarating. All those kinds of emotions all at once depressing because you looked at your friends and they were dying off, going to a memorial service all the time. But also exhilarating, seeing the energy and the excitement in the way people were working together,\" Silverman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg believes the lesson of the AIDS epidemic is that there's no time to waste. \"We need to all work on this together to make it happen and go faster. We always need to go faster, go faster, go faster. Get on it, move it forward. And those imperatives that come from the HIV/AIDS response are applicable right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The details are different, but some of the issues, controversies and challenges are the same today as they were 40 years ago.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1585089187,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1412},"headData":{"title":"Coronavirus Lessons From Veterans of the AIDS Epidemic | KQED","description":"The details are different, but some of the issues, controversies and challenges are the same today as they were 40 years ago.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11808367 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11808367","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/03/24/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic/","disqusTitle":"Coronavirus Lessons From Veterans of the AIDS Epidemic","source":"Coronavirus","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirus","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/60a98c58-fa51-4e2b-8233-ab880121b89c/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For some, the coronavirus pandemic brings back memories of the struggle against AIDS and serves as a reminder of San Francisco in the early 1980s. This is especially true for those who helped lead that fight 40 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"1981 was an amazing year,\" Dr. Paul Volberding recounted recently. He had just finished his training as an oncologist — a cancer specialist, and on rounds the very first day he recalls seeing \"the first patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma that was admitted to the hospital.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all started as part of a curiosity for Volberding. \"To me, it was a very interesting cancer. Wow!\" he recalls thinking about the 22 year old who was his first patient. \"I looked in the books and it wasn't supposed to be in 22 year olds at all,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volberding was suddenly on the frontlines of a mysterious illness during a crisis where medicine, public health and politics collided head on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11808401\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11808401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/Dr_V.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Paul Volberding was trained in oncology but became involved in the early AIDS epidemic in San Francisco at San Francisco General Hospital. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The contrast of the confusion regarding AIDS then, to what we know today is stark. \"Today, we know exactly what COVID-19 is, right down to its gene sequencing. The virus is already being studied for possible clues to effective treatments,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With AIDS, it was years before scientists discovered exactly what caused it. Until that was known, there was fear — bordering on hysteria at first — that the disease could easily be passed along through sneezing or touching, eerily reminiscent of the novel coronavirus today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roma Guy remembers AIDS as \"this mystery disease,\" where people were \"falling like flies,\" and no one knew why. Guy was an organizer in the women’s community in San Francisco at the time. As the AIDS toll mounted, she described the prejudice against those diagnosed with the illness, especially gay men and people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guy, who went on to serve as a city health commissioner, says AIDS was like a medical earthquake that forced a new way of thinking. \"The public health system had to go through a whole transformation,\" she said, because it wasn't set up to deal with this kind of epidemic at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1982, Diane Jones, now Guy's wife, had just graduated from City College of San Francisco School of Nursing and went to work at San Francisco General Hospital. She ended up working on 5B, the world's first inpatient HIV unit, for 15 years. Fear was one of her most vivid memories from that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I could come in at eleven o'clock at night and there would be patients with three meal trays stacked up outside the room because people were too afraid to go in and nobody was really giving any guidance,\" Jones recalled. \"This issue of really not knowing for certain how it's transmitted is really different than the situation that we have right now with the coronavirus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Largely forgotten, said Jones, were women — many of them lesbians who were helping gay men have children by using the \"turkey baster\" method, as she called it. Those artificial inseminations left them worried about becoming infected with the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"\"We need to all work on this together to make it happen and go faster. We always need to go faster, go faster, go faster. Get on it, move it forward. And those imperatives that come from the HIV/AIDS response are applicable right now.\"","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Paul Boneberg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would have to beg over and over and over again to get a test after the test was discovered or to be really examined and determined that they had AIDS. Why was that? Because they weren't perceived to be at-risk,\" Jones said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this time, San Francisco’s public health director was Dr. Mervyn Silverman. \"I hate to say, but we didn't know what we were doing back then in those early stages,\" acknowledged Silverman, now 81.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silverman says that before AIDS, public health departments were focused on relatively mundane things like inspecting restaurants and running STD clinics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS changed that. As Silverman remembers it, the AIDS crisis forced the city to prioritize the public — giving funds to gay and lesbian community groups which took the lead on AIDS education and prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't remember us funding other things in those days like that. But it made our life easier and it made what we did much more effective,\" Silverman said. Today it's routine to partner with community-based organizations to do culturally competent health education and outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to health workers, community organizing took place in cultural centers like Paul Boneberg's bookstore in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood. The store quickly became the epicenter of the AIDS epidemic and Boneberg co-founded a group called Mobilization Against AIDS to help answer questions and calm the nerves of the city's terrified gay community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AIDS wasn't political at first, Boneberg recalls, it became more so with anti-gay ballot measures and a lack of action from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg says the focus shifted to working to get things moving more quickly. \"Meaning let's try to get money for research. Let's try to get money to care for people,\" he says. Later it became more political, \"when the roadblocks to getting that funding and then civil rights attacks occurred.\" Initially, the first response was similar to now, he says, which is how can government move faster?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"coronavirus","label":"More Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were divisions that tore apart the city's gay community, such as whether to close bathhouses, which many saw as symbols of gay liberation, but others viewed as places where the virus easily spread. Silverman initially saw the bathhouses as places where men could be educated about the risks of AIDS, but he eventually ordered them closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg would like to think AIDS has informed the current coronavirus experience. \"We need to unify,\" he says and \"focus on testing and treatment for COVID-19 rather than dividing along political lines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Dr. Volberding, who lived and worked through the darkest years of the AIDS epidemic, says much of what they learned then is relevant today. \"The response to COVID-19 today leaves plenty to criticize — not enough test kits, lack of protective equipment for health care workers and mixed messages from the federal government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the lessons from 40 years ago are still very important to heed. \"Some of the most important lessons were the connection between medicine ... the public health system, the political system, [and] the linkages that formed. I think those are obviously incredibly important lessons for today,\" Volberding said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activist Roma Guy hears echoes from the past in the national presence of Dr. Anthony Fauci, who became director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to have more of an impact on the national response to the AIDS epidemic. Speaker Nancy Pelosi is also an echo of the past. Pelosi was first elected in 1987 on a promise to get more federal funding to fight AIDS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You have Fauci standing up there. You have Pelosi standing up there who were at the epicenter of AIDS and have learned the essential lessons of what you do when you have a health challenge,\" Guy said, emphasizing how the response becomes part of public health and then part of the governing structure. \"That is an amazing lesson on the backs of people who died early of AIDS.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Silverman, the former health director, it was both exciting and deeply distressing. \"It was fascinating, frustrating, depressing and exhilarating. All those kinds of emotions all at once depressing because you looked at your friends and they were dying off, going to a memorial service all the time. But also exhilarating, seeing the energy and the excitement in the way people were working together,\" Silverman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boneberg believes the lesson of the AIDS epidemic is that there's no time to waste. \"We need to all work on this together to make it happen and go faster. We always need to go faster, go faster, go faster. Get on it, move it forward. And those imperatives that come from the HIV/AIDS response are applicable right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11808367/coronavirus-lessons-from-veterans-of-the-aids-epidemic","authors":["255"],"categories":["news_8","news_13","news_356"],"tags":["news_1510","news_27350","news_27504","news_27626"],"featImg":"news_11808395","label":"source_news_11808367"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0017_BayCurious_iTunesTile_01.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/BBC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CodeSwitchLifeKit_StationGraphics_300x300EmailGraphic.png","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2019/07/commonwealthclub.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Consider-This_3000_V3-copy-scaled-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-1.gif","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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