The Crippling Ransomware Attack on a San Francisco NPR Member Station
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She has just spent an entire hour trying to get her radio script to print, a task that took the cumulative analytical skills of three nearby co-workers plus a guy from IT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And now I need to go on the radio and sound like I’m calm and relaxed and NPR-friendly,” McClurg tells me. “But, really, I need to scream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so went Day 33 of the Great KQED Ransomware Attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, criminals somewhere in Russia, Ukraine or maybe down the block, hacked into KQED’s computer system, installed malicious code that encrypted the station’s files, software and servers, and demanded money for their safe return. The perpetrators, as is routine in ransomware attacks, demanded payment in the form of the cryptocurrency bitcoin—if the victims ever wanted to see their data alive again. The message, rife with grammatical and spelling errors (cold comfort to no one but the copy editors), included directions on how to recover the data in “3 Easy Step” (sic), with step one being the transfer of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'It's not some teenager sitting in his garage. These are effectively organized crime.'\u003ccite>Elizabeth Weise, USA Today\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The chaos commenced on June 15, as KQED’s employees began suddenly reporting computer crashes en masse. The IT department at the San Francisco-based NPR and PBS station decided to play it safe—they shut down the entire network to stop the malware’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results were difficult to face: Phones went dead; the internet vanished; reporters’ audio interviews disappeared. And it meant the only way the head of IT, John Reilly, could get a message out to each of the 503 full- and part-time employees to keep their hands off their computers was to post handwritten signs at every entrance and on every desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED, one of the largest public media companies in America, has been hobbling its way to recovery ever since. What was it like? Think of a really boring episode of “The Twilight Zone”—or better yet, “Black Mirror.” Or getting stuck in an absurdist satire about human dependence on technology. Everyone had their particular breaking point, triggered by one Rube Goldbergian workaround or another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One afternoon, a KQED marketing employee attempted to send out a meeting agenda in a single email to some 60 people. Our temporary email system wouldn’t allow grouping of multiple addresses into one alias, so each destination had to be entered one at a time. Any tiny problem with the syntax—an extra period here, an omitted semicolon there—grounded the message until you could figure it out. Four hours, that job took.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1436px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-436762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1436\" height=\"1445\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png 1436w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-160x161.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-800x805.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-768x773.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-1020x1026.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-1180x1187.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-960x966.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-240x242.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-375x377.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-520x523.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-50x50.png 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-128x128.png 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1436px) 100vw, 1436px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Managing editor Ethan Lindsey (R) leads the morning story meeting on Sept. 25, 2017. Pictured (L-R) are: politics and government reporter Marisa Lagos, photo/video intern Serginho Roosblad, cartoonist Mark Fiore, producer Sam Harnett, editor Erika Kelly. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s a Problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">R\u003c/span>ansomware—it’s a growth industry. Last week, a new strain called \"Bad Rabbit\"\u003ca href=\"http://www.zdnet.com/article/bad-rabbit-ransomware-spread-using-leaked-nsa-eternalromance-exploit-researchers-confirm/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> hit computer systems\u003c/a> in Russia, Eastern Europe and beyond. This year, a posse of federal agencies, including the Justice Department and the CIA, issued a report describing ransomware as the “fastest growing malware threat, targeting users of all types—from the home user to the corporate network.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in another study, anti-virus software maker Symantec estimated 463,000 ransomware attacks worldwide in 2016, a 36 percent increase from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entrepreneurial hackers also have innovated “ransomware as a service,” in which they peddle kits to criminals who are less technically adept.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not some teenager sitting in his garage,” USA Today tech reporter Elizabeth Weise told KQED. “These are effectively organized crime; they have offices, they have office workers who come in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Triage\u003c/em> \n\u003cp>You can't fix everything at once, so think like a triage doctor and prioritize essential functions. KQED priorities: Check and secure critical information (membership data was off-site, so was not breached), pay staff, pay bills, and keep daily radio news on the air. What had to wait: Networked printing, high-speed internet and access to stored documents and audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Over the last two years, researchers from New York University and Google tracked about $25 million in victim payments. Not bad, but not the global drug trade either. Estimates of monetary gain for perpetrators of the WannaCry ransomware scourge, a worldwide attack last May on computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system, were remarkably low, even though the virus disabled more than 200,000 computers, including those of FedEx and England’s National Health Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That does not, however, take into account the cost in lost sales and business interruptions, which can be considerably higher. The U.K. company Reckitt Benckiser, maker of Clearasil, Lysol and Airborne, estimated a $117 million loss resulting from the Petya ransomware attack in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In KQED’s case, the attackers demanded 1.7 bitcoins per computer (roughly $2,500 at the exchange rate of the time) or—act now!—just $27,000 for the lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED briefly considered paying up, said Chief Technology Officer Dan Mansergh, but abandoned the idea after the FBI laid out the risks. They were: being seen as an easy mark; inclusion of code in the decryption key that would set the stage for future intrusions; and failure of the perps to keep their part of the bargain to set your data free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has yet to fully calculate the attack’s cost, but much of it will be in IT. In fiscal year 2018, the company is allocating $475,000 for new network protections. Those funds will pay for four new IT employees, plus more sophisticated anti-virus software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the cost in employee productivity and stress? A lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Worst Stress of My Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he attack took place on a Thursday. The next day, news reporters and editors at KQED, the most-listened-to radio station in the Bay Area, could access the internet only through personal hot spots on their cellphones. Reporters read stories into their recording decks to get on the air and didn’t use sound bites; no one crumpled cellophane to emulate the sound of a fire, but it was still old school.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/how-to-make-it-harder-for-malware-to-shut-you-down/\">How to Make It Harder for Malware to Shut You Down\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor 18 days before the ransomware attack actually commenced, the implanted malware sat dormant in KQED’s computer system, probably sniffing out usernames and passwords. When the malware got hold of an account with the ability to enter anywhere and do anything, it propagated throughout the network, infecting machines and locking up files. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/how-to-make-it-harder-for-malware-to-shut-you-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read more...\u003c/a>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The station's weekly current affairs television program, \u003cem>KQED Newsroom,\u003c/em> had to abandon its original production plans and run a previously aired special show. And when the television studios were still out the following week, the staff took production out of the building, to a makeshift studio at UC Hastings College of the Law and another at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/23/kqed-newsroom-on-the-road/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a segment\u003c/a> on ransomware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, IT collected and wiped clean every computer that the malware, called Samas, had so much as breathed on. But that was nowhere near the end of it. To stop the infection from spreading, IT had taken the network down. No phones, one rickety internet router, no access to documents or audio, and the only way to print was to walk your laptop to a printer and plug in the cable. And after the malware was eradicated, the network did not come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could not just put it back the way it was, because there were all kinds of security holes,” said Michael Kadel, KQED’s network systems engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the staff went to work creating temporary systems to keep things functioning until a more secure infrastructure could be built. They worked long hours, long being a euphemism for 12-, 16- and 20-hour shifts at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worst stress of my life,” said IT director Reilly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel agreed. “A solid two months of just terrible, terrible stress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436503\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-436503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mina Kim, afternoon drive-time news anchor and Forum host. 'Initially, we all had this attitude, the show must go on. After that surge of adrenaline and can-do attitude subsides, you’re just exhausted. It’s workaround fatigue.' \u003ccite>(Arash Malekzadeh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kadel said he’d once suffered through cancer. “This was way worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those views are not necessarily unheard of in these types of situations, said Jonah Silas Sheridan, a Bay Area computer security consultant for nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big deal for security practitioners,” Sheridan said. “How can you secure someone’s systems when you are in a place of sleeplessness and arrhythmia yourself?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the radio news team and their engineers went full-on \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fF6FUVxAVzI&index=6&list=PL6OtFuSjxy8q59zJ86r4akeO8pGjVf5D8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MacGyver\u003c/a> to rig a system that kept the news on the air. In normal times, reporters and editors were fully networked, with universal real-time access to every story, revision and audio clip. Now, every story had to pass through three or four computers. Audio had to be uploaded to one site, then downloaded somewhere else. Cellphones and the instant messaging app Slack were conscripted into the workflow. The motto: Whatever works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As weeks turned into months, the newsfolk reported on the congressional health care debate, the move to end DACA, the total solar eclipse and the eruption of far-right rallies in Charlottesville and other cities, all using a system that took three to four times the usual amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Ease Work Rules\u003c/em>Do what you can to ease stress and tech difficulties by relaxing work rules. KQED staff often found it more productive to work in neighborhood cafes or at home, where they had high-speed internet. And be clear with staff about how long it will take to resume normal operations.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The audience most likely didn’t notice. But the staff found the relentless workarounds, jury-rigging and duct-taping exhausting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Initially, we all had this attitude, ‘The show must go on,’ ” said Mina Kim, the afternoon drive-time news anchor. “After that surge of adrenaline and can-do attitude subsides, you’re just exhausted. It’s workaround fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked John Reilly, who’s done a lot of consulting in his career, if he’d ever seen an organization experience the level of disruption KQED had. “No, not through an attack,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How could it have happened? And how much at risk are other companies?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Convenience vs. Security\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ecurity experts like to recite an aphorism to describe the basic dilemma of their profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safest computer, they say, is one sitting in a metal box in a locked room, switched off and unconnected to anything. Such a computer, goeth the Parable of the Completely Safe Workstation, is impenetrable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And utterly useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You do have to make trade-offs of usability and convenience for security,” said Paul Guthrie, a vice president for PSC, the security firm hired by KQED after the attack. “And sometimes the pendulum swings too far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436589\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 491px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-436589\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1020x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-800x601.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-768x577.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1180x886.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-960x721.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-375x282.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-520x391.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED Director of IT John Reilly and Network Systems Engineer Michael Kadel. Much of the burden for rebuilding the network in a safer way fell on them. \u003ccite>(Arash Malekzadeh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Guthrie is one of the tech and security people both inside and outside KQED who agree the company’s pendulum over the years had strayed quite a way over into convenience territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel and Reilly, who had been the head of IT for a year and a half when the attack hit, were frank about the vulnerabilities the ransomware exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I’m surprised this didn’t happen long ago,” Reilly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel put it this way: The culture of KQED, a multifaceted media organization that produces a huge amount of radio, TV, educational materials and websites, tilted toward easier collaboration. If someone wanted to put the video from a news interview into the video editing system, for instance, and then share the audio with radio reporters, they could. And they could do that from the same computer they used for daily email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But security people know this type of one-big-network-for-all is risky. Their job, after all, is to keep malicious hackers from turning the place into “The Day the Earth Stood Still.” And when systems connect to each other like they could at KQED, malicious actors can more easily infect the entire infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem: The station’s IT department allowed employees to download and install free software from the web. IT folks call this the “granting of local admin rights.” Many in the industry also call it “A Catastrophe Waiting to Happen.” Free software is often laden with viruses, worms and other nasty extras.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Establish a Walk-Up IT Help Desk\u003c/em>Shield your IT staff from the deluge of help requests, while providing a clear avenue for employees to get help. At KQED, IT set up long tables in an open area and staffed a walk-up help desk all day. KQED Chief of Staff Jason Black laid down the law in a companywide memo: 'Individual requests, side doors, hallway nudges, note passing, private Slacking, hand and/or smoke signals to IT or Systems Engineering are not helpful right now.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Kadel said one reason IT gave the staff free rein was due to a lack of IT employees to oversee the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t visit 600 people to do a Flash update,” he said. “You have to let people do their own Flash update.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of consultants say companies routinely shortchange IT. But Kadel may have a point. At the time of the attack, KQED employed nine IT employees to service roughly 503 workers. That means IT represented less than 2 percent of the organization’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2016 survey of media and entertainment companies by the research firm Gartner found that IT workers made up an average of 6.5 percent of employees, more than three times the level at KQED. Across all industries, the number is 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, KQED used standard anti-virus programs to protect its system. But hackers know how to get around these by altering their code. In a test run by KQED’s security consultant, just 10 out of 60 off-the-shelf anti-virus programs recognized the variant of Samas that hit the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"3n0wfcXpPVXE3R3ShFbLhAMSkRo0pfNf\"]“If somebody wishes to put out a new variant, it takes a little bit for the anti-virus vendors to catch up,” said Guthrie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is now plugging all these holes, redesigning its network and all of its media systems. It’s also deploying much more sophisticated anti-virus software that looks for processes that are outside the normal behavior, shutting them down. Among the new IT employees coming on board: a full-time security pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Kept Working\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">W\u003c/span>hen everything went down, the safest place for data turned out to be the cloud. KQED lost no member or donor information, because it wasn’t stored in the network. And as the attack short-circuited system after system, KQED’s network of websites kept on keeping on. How so?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve moved most of KQED.org to be hosted in the cloud, so it’s sitting on [Amazon] servers,” said Tim Olson, KQED’s chief digital officer. “It’s more disaster recovery, more efficient for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In some ways I view this as a dress rehearsal. Because we’re in an earthquake zone.'\u003ccite>John Reilly, KQED\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The cloud is “certainly a strategy that a lot of smaller organizations employ, because it’s a lot of work to keep your systems patched,” said IT consultant Sheridan. And big cloud services like those of Amazon, Microsoft and Google spend tons of money to pay for cybersecurity. “That being said, you’re now in a very deep trust relationship with someone else, Sheridan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in terms of maintaining access to data after the attack, the cloud was the silver lining. When everything went down and all of KQED’s storage systems became inaccessible, there sat my audio interviews, my budget numbers, my everything, safe and snug on Google Drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talking About It\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>elow the hard truths about security vs. convenience now adorning whiteboards at KQED are a few about survival, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've learned a lot,” said Reilly. “People have realized that we weren't prepared in a lot of ways. But then again, in some ways I view this as a dress rehearsal. Because we’re in an earthquake zone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s being done to fight back against the spreading threat of ransomware across the world?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies and individuals dealing with a ransomware attack may find help at NoMoreRansom.org, an initiative of the Netherlands’ police, Europol and the computer security companies Kaspersky Lab and McAfee. The website includes decryption tools for dozens of known ransomware infections, as well as advice on how to prevent an attack in the first place. (Update Nov. 15: The U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-official-15-percent-of-agencies-used-kaspersky-software/2017/11/14/32019dec-c994-11e7-b506-8a10ed11ecf5_story.html?utm_term=.7f5c8ad59b58/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned\u003c/a> federal agencies from using Kaspersky products due to alleged ties to the Russian government and intelligence services.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Use the Cloud and Your Cell Network\u003c/em>Slack, Google Drive, Dropbox and cellphones can substitute for networked communications and make transferring files easy.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One thing every expert recommends: Back up like crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number one thing to do is back up your data,” said Alexander Garcia-Tobar, co-founder of ValiMail, a San Francisco company that authenticates email in order to prevent intrusions like ransomware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re backing up on a daily basis or even on a weekly basis, you back up to before the known infection and you cross your fingers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie said high-end tools designed to keep things running in the event of a catastrophe can be a lifesaver. But they are expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s network backup and restore systems that are very good and very fast and very expensive,” said Guthrie. “Smaller companies tend to do what they can with the resources they’re given.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED decided to go public with our tale as a kind of public service, so that other organizations can learn not only from our mistakes but also from the way we kept functioning with minimal disruption to the public, despite maximum disruption internally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheridan said opening up can only help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might be surprised at how many different kinds of breaches, how many kinds of incidents, have happened in other organizations, and continue to happen,” he said. “We would be well-advised as a community to figure out a way to talk about these things without shame. We need to learn from them collectively.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On June 15, a ransomware attack took down the computer network of KQED, one of the largest public media companies in America. Here's how we survived and what we learned.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1623351490,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":77,"wordCount":3293},"headData":{"title":"The Crippling Ransomware Attack on a San Francisco NPR Member Station - KQED Future of You","description":"On June 15, a ransomware attack took down the computer network of KQED, one of the largest public media companies in America. Here's how we survived and what we learned.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Crippling Ransomware Attack on a San Francisco NPR Member Station","datePublished":"2018-01-08T19:00:26.000Z","dateModified":"2021-06-10T18:58:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"436414 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=436414","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/01/08/the-crippling-ransomware-attack-on-kqed-the-inside-story/","disqusTitle":"The Crippling Ransomware Attack on a San Francisco NPR Member Station","source":"Future of You","path":"/futureofyou/436414/the-crippling-ransomware-attack-on-kqed-the-inside-story","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Originally published Oct. 31, 2017\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">L\u003c/span>esley McClurg is trudging through the KQED newsroom, oozing distress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McClurg, who in the course of her career as a radio reporter has conducted interviews amid raging fires and torrential floods, has finally met her match: an office printer. She has just spent an entire hour trying to get her radio script to print, a task that took the cumulative analytical skills of three nearby co-workers plus a guy from IT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And now I need to go on the radio and sound like I’m calm and relaxed and NPR-friendly,” McClurg tells me. “But, really, I need to scream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so went Day 33 of the Great KQED Ransomware Attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, criminals somewhere in Russia, Ukraine or maybe down the block, hacked into KQED’s computer system, installed malicious code that encrypted the station’s files, software and servers, and demanded money for their safe return. The perpetrators, as is routine in ransomware attacks, demanded payment in the form of the cryptocurrency bitcoin—if the victims ever wanted to see their data alive again. The message, rife with grammatical and spelling errors (cold comfort to no one but the copy editors), included directions on how to recover the data in “3 Easy Step” (sic), with step one being the transfer of funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'It's not some teenager sitting in his garage. These are effectively organized crime.'\u003ccite>Elizabeth Weise, USA Today\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The chaos commenced on June 15, as KQED’s employees began suddenly reporting computer crashes en masse. The IT department at the San Francisco-based NPR and PBS station decided to play it safe—they shut down the entire network to stop the malware’s spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results were difficult to face: Phones went dead; the internet vanished; reporters’ audio interviews disappeared. And it meant the only way the head of IT, John Reilly, could get a message out to each of the 503 full- and part-time employees to keep their hands off their computers was to post handwritten signs at every entrance and on every desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED, one of the largest public media companies in America, has been hobbling its way to recovery ever since. What was it like? Think of a really boring episode of “The Twilight Zone”—or better yet, “Black Mirror.” Or getting stuck in an absurdist satire about human dependence on technology. Everyone had their particular breaking point, triggered by one Rube Goldbergian workaround or another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One afternoon, a KQED marketing employee attempted to send out a meeting agenda in a single email to some 60 people. Our temporary email system wouldn’t allow grouping of multiple addresses into one alias, so each destination had to be entered one at a time. Any tiny problem with the syntax—an extra period here, an omitted semicolon there—grounded the message until you could figure it out. Four hours, that job took.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1436px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-436762\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1436\" height=\"1445\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551.png 1436w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-160x161.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-800x805.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-768x773.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-1020x1026.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-1180x1187.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-960x966.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-240x242.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-375x377.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-520x523.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-32x32.png 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-50x50.png 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-64x64.png 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-96x96.png 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-128x128.png 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/10/OnQComp_02-e1509482625551-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1436px) 100vw, 1436px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Managing editor Ethan Lindsey (R) leads the morning story meeting on Sept. 25, 2017. Pictured (L-R) are: politics and government reporter Marisa Lagos, photo/video intern Serginho Roosblad, cartoonist Mark Fiore, producer Sam Harnett, editor Erika Kelly. \u003ccite>(Alison Yin Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s a Problem\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">R\u003c/span>ansomware—it’s a growth industry. Last week, a new strain called \"Bad Rabbit\"\u003ca href=\"http://www.zdnet.com/article/bad-rabbit-ransomware-spread-using-leaked-nsa-eternalromance-exploit-researchers-confirm/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> hit computer systems\u003c/a> in Russia, Eastern Europe and beyond. This year, a posse of federal agencies, including the Justice Department and the CIA, issued a report describing ransomware as the “fastest growing malware threat, targeting users of all types—from the home user to the corporate network.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in another study, anti-virus software maker Symantec estimated 463,000 ransomware attacks worldwide in 2016, a 36 percent increase from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Entrepreneurial hackers also have innovated “ransomware as a service,” in which they peddle kits to criminals who are less technically adept.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not some teenager sitting in his garage,” USA Today tech reporter Elizabeth Weise told KQED. “These are effectively organized crime; they have offices, they have office workers who come in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Triage\u003c/em> \n\u003cp>You can't fix everything at once, so think like a triage doctor and prioritize essential functions. KQED priorities: Check and secure critical information (membership data was off-site, so was not breached), pay staff, pay bills, and keep daily radio news on the air. What had to wait: Networked printing, high-speed internet and access to stored documents and audio.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Over the last two years, researchers from New York University and Google tracked about $25 million in victim payments. Not bad, but not the global drug trade either. Estimates of monetary gain for perpetrators of the WannaCry ransomware scourge, a worldwide attack last May on computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system, were remarkably low, even though the virus disabled more than 200,000 computers, including those of FedEx and England’s National Health Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That does not, however, take into account the cost in lost sales and business interruptions, which can be considerably higher. The U.K. company Reckitt Benckiser, maker of Clearasil, Lysol and Airborne, estimated a $117 million loss resulting from the Petya ransomware attack in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In KQED’s case, the attackers demanded 1.7 bitcoins per computer (roughly $2,500 at the exchange rate of the time) or—act now!—just $27,000 for the lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED briefly considered paying up, said Chief Technology Officer Dan Mansergh, but abandoned the idea after the FBI laid out the risks. They were: being seen as an easy mark; inclusion of code in the decryption key that would set the stage for future intrusions; and failure of the perps to keep their part of the bargain to set your data free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has yet to fully calculate the attack’s cost, but much of it will be in IT. In fiscal year 2018, the company is allocating $475,000 for new network protections. Those funds will pay for four new IT employees, plus more sophisticated anti-virus software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the cost in employee productivity and stress? A lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Worst Stress of My Life’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he attack took place on a Thursday. The next day, news reporters and editors at KQED, the most-listened-to radio station in the Bay Area, could access the internet only through personal hot spots on their cellphones. Reporters read stories into their recording decks to get on the air and didn’t use sound bites; no one crumpled cellophane to emulate the sound of a fire, but it was still old school.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/how-to-make-it-harder-for-malware-to-shut-you-down/\">How to Make It Harder for Malware to Shut You Down\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor 18 days before the ransomware attack actually commenced, the implanted malware sat dormant in KQED’s computer system, probably sniffing out usernames and passwords. When the malware got hold of an account with the ability to enter anywhere and do anything, it propagated throughout the network, infecting machines and locking up files. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/how-to-make-it-harder-for-malware-to-shut-you-down/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read more...\u003c/a>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The station's weekly current affairs television program, \u003cem>KQED Newsroom,\u003c/em> had to abandon its original production plans and run a previously aired special show. And when the television studios were still out the following week, the staff took production out of the building, to a makeshift studio at UC Hastings College of the Law and another at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/23/kqed-newsroom-on-the-road/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a segment\u003c/a> on ransomware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, IT collected and wiped clean every computer that the malware, called Samas, had so much as breathed on. But that was nowhere near the end of it. To stop the infection from spreading, IT had taken the network down. No phones, one rickety internet router, no access to documents or audio, and the only way to print was to walk your laptop to a printer and plug in the cable. And after the malware was eradicated, the network did not come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could not just put it back the way it was, because there were all kinds of security holes,” said Michael Kadel, KQED’s network systems engineer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the staff went to work creating temporary systems to keep things functioning until a more secure infrastructure could be built. They worked long hours, long being a euphemism for 12-, 16- and 20-hour shifts at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worst stress of my life,” said IT director Reilly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel agreed. “A solid two months of just terrible, terrible stress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436503\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-436503\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/MinaKim-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mina Kim, afternoon drive-time news anchor and Forum host. 'Initially, we all had this attitude, the show must go on. After that surge of adrenaline and can-do attitude subsides, you’re just exhausted. It’s workaround fatigue.' \u003ccite>(Arash Malekzadeh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kadel said he’d once suffered through cancer. “This was way worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those views are not necessarily unheard of in these types of situations, said Jonah Silas Sheridan, a Bay Area computer security consultant for nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big deal for security practitioners,” Sheridan said. “How can you secure someone’s systems when you are in a place of sleeplessness and arrhythmia yourself?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the radio news team and their engineers went full-on \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fF6FUVxAVzI&index=6&list=PL6OtFuSjxy8q59zJ86r4akeO8pGjVf5D8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MacGyver\u003c/a> to rig a system that kept the news on the air. In normal times, reporters and editors were fully networked, with universal real-time access to every story, revision and audio clip. Now, every story had to pass through three or four computers. Audio had to be uploaded to one site, then downloaded somewhere else. Cellphones and the instant messaging app Slack were conscripted into the workflow. The motto: Whatever works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As weeks turned into months, the newsfolk reported on the congressional health care debate, the move to end DACA, the total solar eclipse and the eruption of far-right rallies in Charlottesville and other cities, all using a system that took three to four times the usual amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Ease Work Rules\u003c/em>Do what you can to ease stress and tech difficulties by relaxing work rules. KQED staff often found it more productive to work in neighborhood cafes or at home, where they had high-speed internet. And be clear with staff about how long it will take to resume normal operations.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The audience most likely didn’t notice. But the staff found the relentless workarounds, jury-rigging and duct-taping exhausting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Initially, we all had this attitude, ‘The show must go on,’ ” said Mina Kim, the afternoon drive-time news anchor. “After that surge of adrenaline and can-do attitude subsides, you’re just exhausted. It’s workaround fatigue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked John Reilly, who’s done a lot of consulting in his career, if he’d ever seen an organization experience the level of disruption KQED had. “No, not through an attack,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How could it have happened? And how much at risk are other companies?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Convenience vs. Security\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">S\u003c/span>ecurity experts like to recite an aphorism to describe the basic dilemma of their profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safest computer, they say, is one sitting in a metal box in a locked room, switched off and unconnected to anything. Such a computer, goeth the Parable of the Completely Safe Workstation, is impenetrable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And utterly useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You do have to make trade-offs of usability and convenience for security,” said Paul Guthrie, a vice president for PSC, the security firm hired by KQED after the attack. “And sometimes the pendulum swings too far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_436589\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 491px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-436589\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1020x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1020x766.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-800x601.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-768x577.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-1180x886.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-960x721.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-375x282.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2019/10/KadelReilly3-520x391.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED Director of IT John Reilly and Network Systems Engineer Michael Kadel. Much of the burden for rebuilding the network in a safer way fell on them. \u003ccite>(Arash Malekzadeh/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Guthrie is one of the tech and security people both inside and outside KQED who agree the company’s pendulum over the years had strayed quite a way over into convenience territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel and Reilly, who had been the head of IT for a year and a half when the attack hit, were frank about the vulnerabilities the ransomware exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I’m surprised this didn’t happen long ago,” Reilly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kadel put it this way: The culture of KQED, a multifaceted media organization that produces a huge amount of radio, TV, educational materials and websites, tilted toward easier collaboration. If someone wanted to put the video from a news interview into the video editing system, for instance, and then share the audio with radio reporters, they could. And they could do that from the same computer they used for daily email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But security people know this type of one-big-network-for-all is risky. Their job, after all, is to keep malicious hackers from turning the place into “The Day the Earth Stood Still.” And when systems connect to each other like they could at KQED, malicious actors can more easily infect the entire infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem: The station’s IT department allowed employees to download and install free software from the web. IT folks call this the “granting of local admin rights.” Many in the industry also call it “A Catastrophe Waiting to Happen.” Free software is often laden with viruses, worms and other nasty extras.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Establish a Walk-Up IT Help Desk\u003c/em>Shield your IT staff from the deluge of help requests, while providing a clear avenue for employees to get help. At KQED, IT set up long tables in an open area and staffed a walk-up help desk all day. KQED Chief of Staff Jason Black laid down the law in a companywide memo: 'Individual requests, side doors, hallway nudges, note passing, private Slacking, hand and/or smoke signals to IT or Systems Engineering are not helpful right now.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Kadel said one reason IT gave the staff free rein was due to a lack of IT employees to oversee the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t visit 600 people to do a Flash update,” he said. “You have to let people do their own Flash update.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of consultants say companies routinely shortchange IT. But Kadel may have a point. At the time of the attack, KQED employed nine IT employees to service roughly 503 workers. That means IT represented less than 2 percent of the organization’s workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2016 survey of media and entertainment companies by the research firm Gartner found that IT workers made up an average of 6.5 percent of employees, more than three times the level at KQED. Across all industries, the number is 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, KQED used standard anti-virus programs to protect its system. But hackers know how to get around these by altering their code. In a test run by KQED’s security consultant, just 10 out of 60 off-the-shelf anti-virus programs recognized the variant of Samas that hit the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“If somebody wishes to put out a new variant, it takes a little bit for the anti-virus vendors to catch up,” said Guthrie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED is now plugging all these holes, redesigning its network and all of its media systems. It’s also deploying much more sophisticated anti-virus software that looks for processes that are outside the normal behavior, shutting them down. Among the new IT employees coming on board: a full-time security pro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Kept Working\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">W\u003c/span>hen everything went down, the safest place for data turned out to be the cloud. KQED lost no member or donor information, because it wasn’t stored in the network. And as the attack short-circuited system after system, KQED’s network of websites kept on keeping on. How so?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve moved most of KQED.org to be hosted in the cloud, so it’s sitting on [Amazon] servers,” said Tim Olson, KQED’s chief digital officer. “It’s more disaster recovery, more efficient for everybody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In some ways I view this as a dress rehearsal. Because we’re in an earthquake zone.'\u003ccite>John Reilly, KQED\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The cloud is “certainly a strategy that a lot of smaller organizations employ, because it’s a lot of work to keep your systems patched,” said IT consultant Sheridan. And big cloud services like those of Amazon, Microsoft and Google spend tons of money to pay for cybersecurity. “That being said, you’re now in a very deep trust relationship with someone else, Sheridan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in terms of maintaining access to data after the attack, the cloud was the silver lining. When everything went down and all of KQED’s storage systems became inaccessible, there sat my audio interviews, my budget numbers, my everything, safe and snug on Google Drive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Talking About It\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>elow the hard truths about security vs. convenience now adorning whiteboards at KQED are a few about survival, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We've learned a lot,” said Reilly. “People have realized that we weren't prepared in a lot of ways. But then again, in some ways I view this as a dress rehearsal. Because we’re in an earthquake zone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s being done to fight back against the spreading threat of ransomware across the world?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies and individuals dealing with a ransomware attack may find help at NoMoreRansom.org, an initiative of the Netherlands’ police, Europol and the computer security companies Kaspersky Lab and McAfee. The website includes decryption tools for dozens of known ransomware infections, as well as advice on how to prevent an attack in the first place. (Update Nov. 15: The U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-official-15-percent-of-agencies-used-kaspersky-software/2017/11/14/32019dec-c994-11e7-b506-8a10ed11ecf5_story.html?utm_term=.7f5c8ad59b58/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">banned\u003c/a> federal agencies from using Kaspersky products due to alleged ties to the Russian government and intelligence services.)\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\u003cem>Ransomware Survival Tip: Use the Cloud and Your Cell Network\u003c/em>Slack, Google Drive, Dropbox and cellphones can substitute for networked communications and make transferring files easy.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One thing every expert recommends: Back up like crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number one thing to do is back up your data,” said Alexander Garcia-Tobar, co-founder of ValiMail, a San Francisco company that authenticates email in order to prevent intrusions like ransomware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re backing up on a daily basis or even on a weekly basis, you back up to before the known infection and you cross your fingers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guthrie said high-end tools designed to keep things running in the event of a catastrophe can be a lifesaver. But they are expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s network backup and restore systems that are very good and very fast and very expensive,” said Guthrie. “Smaller companies tend to do what they can with the resources they’re given.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED decided to go public with our tale as a kind of public service, so that other organizations can learn not only from our mistakes but also from the way we kept functioning with minimal disruption to the public, despite maximum disruption internally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheridan said opening up can only help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might be surprised at how many different kinds of breaches, how many kinds of incidents, have happened in other organizations, and continue to happen,” he said. “We would be well-advised as a community to figure out a way to talk about these things without shame. We need to learn from them collectively.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/436414/the-crippling-ransomware-attack-on-kqed-the-inside-story","authors":["80"],"categories":["futureofyou_1","futureofyou_73","futureofyou_1061"],"tags":["futureofyou_83","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_1385","futureofyou_766"],"collections":["futureofyou_1096"],"featImg":"futureofyou_436563","label":"source_futureofyou_436414"},"futureofyou_321":{"type":"posts","id":"futureofyou_321","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"futureofyou","id":"321","score":null,"sort":[1426251633000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle","title":"Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle","publishDate":1426251633,"format":"image","headTitle":"Future of You | KQED Future of You | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":54,"site":"futureofyou"},"content":"\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Part Two in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-marquee-4-1920-1180x664.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first part of our series on March 12, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Critical Condition: How a Broken Medical Records System is Endangering America’s Health\u003c/a>: digital medical records were supposed to make it easier and more efficient for doctors and hospitals to share patient health information. But the data is scattered among dozens of different systems, many of which don’t talk with each other, putting patients’ lives in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Jonathan Hirsch cut his hand on a rusty piece of metal last year, he cleaned up the wound and promptly made his way to an emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch, a San Francisco-based technolog\u003ca href=\"http://www.syapse.com/\">\u003c/a>y entrepreneur, had to rush to the hospital, because he couldn’t recall whether he had received a tetanus shot in the past five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later, Hirsch emerged with a bill in the high hundreds of dollars, despite having received very little medical care. What he did get, after all that time and money, was a copy of his immunization record -- but only after five hospital staff members finally hunted down a scanned attachment of the record from another hospital in its network. It turned out he had been vaccinated just four years ago and didn't need another tetanus shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hospitals and clinics all over the country, it’s still a technical and logistical nightmare to pull up a complete, accurate and up-to-date copy of patients’ medical records, whether it’s a family history, or a list of allergies and immunizations. Hirsch was lucky to receive this fragment of his medical record at all. It would have been far more cumbersome if he had selected a hospital in a different system or network, or if he had a complex set of medical problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea behind electronic medical records is to make health care more efficient and less costly by digitizing all of our health information so medical histories are more accessible. Hoping to finally make this goal a reality, in 2009, the Obama Administration allocated billions of dollars to incentivize hospitals, clinics and other care providers to adopt electronic medical record systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg\" alt=\"Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"542\" class=\"size-large wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-400x339.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-709x600.jpg 709w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-768x650.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-320x271.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse. \u003ccite>(Chrissy Farr / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although many hospitals and other medical facilities have digitized their records, the systems they are using are often proprietary and it’s difficult to easily share health information from one hospital or clinic to another. These challenges can be costly and slow down access to health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health care delivery system today treats patients as they engage it: on a one-off basis,” said Aneesh Chopra, who served as the first chief technology officer of the White House from 2009 to 2012. Chopra has dedicated much of his time in and out of office to solving this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modernizing medical records has been a major challenge, and requires cooperation from the government and the private sector. While the big medical records corporations, hospitals and federal officials attempt to solve these problems, some startup companies are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Argonaut Project\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chopra, who is now CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://hunchanalytics.com/\">Hunch Analytics\u003c/a>, a Virginia company that is working to use public and private databases to help health care companies become more efficient, is part of a new initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/can-argonaut-project-make-exchanging-health-data-easier/a/d-id/1318774\">Argonaut Project\u003c/a> that aims to make exchanging health data easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Chopra and a diverse group of policymakers, health executives and entrepreneurs sat down at a popular Turkish restaurant in Washington D.C. and discussed a solution that would “put patients at the center,” using the same types of technologies that have been widely adopted by Internet companies like LinkedIn and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Argonaut approach is to use web-based, open standards instead of much more complex, health care-specific standards. The project relies on public APIs, or application programming interfaces, which are commands the tech industry commonly uses to make it easier for software programs to share data. It’s basically developer speak for what Chopra refers to as a “handshake” between pieces of software, such as websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal for the project is to promote more flexible, easier access to key groups of health information. If it succeeds, mobile app developers will have a much easier time working with electronic medical records, which could make it possible for patients and doctors in the future to call up important patient information on smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chopra, another key objective is to build tools to protect patient privacy, so patients will be aware and can consent when their data is shared with a mobile app or any other service.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“We are heading into health care's perfect storm.”\u003ccite>Aneesh Chopra, CEO of Hunch Analytics\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two of the nation’s largest electronic medical records companies, rivals \u003ca href=\"http://www.cerner.com/\">Cerner\u003c/a>, in Kansas City, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.epic.com/\">Epic Systems\u003c/a>, in Wisconsin, are both founding members of Argonaut. Experts say that’s a good sign, and signals an increasing willingness from the industry to tackle the problem. And the project has a tight deadline: to come up with a solution by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are heading into health care's perfect storm - a shift to value-based, rather than volume-based, health care that will reshape the care delivery system and spur greater demand for open data apps,” said Chopra.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Looks For Solutions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Seeing a business opportunity, a growing number of entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and other tech hubs are also trying to come up with easier ways of sharing health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These startups are part of a booming digital health industry that received \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/2015/01/digital-health-funding-tops-4-1b-2014-year-review/\">more than $4.1 billion in venture capital investments in 2014\u003c/a>, more than double what investors poured into the companies a year before. Digital health-focused accelerators and venture funds, like \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startuphealth.com/\">StartUp Health\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthbox.com/\">Healthbox\u003c/a>, have emerged to meet this growing demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies. Photo credit: Rock Health. \u003ccite>(Rock Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some health startups are doing the tough job of collecting data from a patient’s medical record and storing it in one, easily accessible place. This is easier said than done. Patient data is often stored in formats that a computer can’t ingest and share, like PDF files. Hirsch, the patient who had to rush to the emergency room after wounding his hand, started a company in 2008 to make sense of this unstructured data. His startup, Syapse, based in Palo Alto, is working with large and regional health systems, like Intermountain Healthcare and the University of California San Francisco, to aid in the development of a database that combines medical and genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That type of project is one of the biggest potential promises of electronic medical records: To take huge amounts of data and use them to broaden and speed up medical research studies. But with many of the largest record vendors failing in this regard, dozens of other startups are stepping in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some hospitals, like Kaiser Permanente, are turning to entrepreneurs to help solve their own health data-sharing challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser was ahead of the curve in adopting an electronic medical record system. Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer, John Mattison, was one of the key figures behind that landmark decision in 2003, which helped put Epic Systems on the map when Kaiser announced it would be using that company’s software at its hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison admits the electronic medical record systems are “a little delayed” in modernizing their systems, particularly their ability to meet legitimate requests for information. He said he has spent years pushing Epic executives to adopt more open software standards, so medical records can more easily share information with other vendors and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past.”\u003ccite>John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mattison said doctors at Kaiser and at other hospitals are frustrated by the amount of clicks of a mouse it takes to do any simple task, such as order medication. In the future, he suggests, the medical record may become a platform, or thin clinical layer of sorts, with newer, user-friendly applications for patients and doctors developed on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mattison, another area of investment is in identity management tools, which are desperately needed in the current system. As he puts it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Maria Gonzales in my emergency room. She said she had a car accident three years ago in Chicago and had some stuff taken out, but she doesn’t remember what. The hospital in Chicago has hundreds of Maria Gonzales’s in their system. I do not want to act on the information of the wrong Maria Gonzales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison said Kaiser is starting to evaluate several startups working on improving identity management, but declined to name them, saying it was still too early in the process. Some have called for a more drastic solution to this problem, such as a \u003ca href=\"http://geekdoctor.blogspot.com/2013/02/its-time-for-national-patient-identifier.html\">national patient identifier number\u003c/a>, similar to a Social Security number. But that has been controversial and has raised privacy and security concerns. If information is indexed in this way, some fear that it could make a hacker's or snoop’s job easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the risks are worth it, given the frequency that patients are mistakenly associated with someone else, and the serious medical problems that can develop if that occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue with electronic medical records is typographical errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston-based patient advocate Dave deBronkart, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dave_debronkart_meet_e_patient_dave\">known to his TED fans as “e-Patient Dave,”\u003c/a> said his mother was recently discharged from a hospital and sent to a rehabilitation center. When her medical information was typed back into the IT system used by the rehab clinic, her thyroid condition was entered incorrectly, he said. DeBronkart said the “best doc in the world” could have given her the wrong medicine, if no one had spotted the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of Bay Area startups have emerged to try to solve this problem. One company called Augmedix, based in San Francisco, has developed a doctor-focused app for Google Glass, the Internet-connected headgear that looks like a pair of high-tech glasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Silicon Valley-based startup, called Drchrono, is developing an application for Google Glass that it hopes will become the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drchrono.com/google-glass-ehr/\">wearable medical record\u003c/a>.” Doctors who use it can record a consultation with a patient’s consent, and notes are automatically stored in the electronic medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a physician sports one of these geeky-looking gadgets, they can use verbal cues to access the patient’s medical record. Notes are created and automatically entered into the record, which may reduce the rates of human error. Augmedix executives say they’ve experienced growing demand for Glass in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seemingly simple problems like data entry are the bane of many doctor’s days, as it means less time spent with patients. Many physicians are turning to solutions from the startup world to ease the transition to electronic medical records and open up the exchange of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts like Kaiser’s Mattison say that these new clinical applications will prove to be so valuable to doctors and hospitals over time that the medical record vendors will be forced to open up their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will play out in the marketplace, as the forces are in place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Empowered patients\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another fertile area of growth is mobile health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Apple’s operating system alone, users can download more than 900 apps that track health and fitness. These apps can track everything from a users’ sleep to their moods. A growing segment of these apps helps doctors monitor their patients with one or more chronic diseases, like diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sharing potentially valuable patient data has proven to be a challenge. This data, some of which is gathered on popular devices like activity trackers that people wear on their wrists, isn’t particularly useful to doctors for diagnostic purposes unless it is viewed alongside other important information, like family history and a list of medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple recently set out to solve this problem by developing a service called HealthKit, which aims to integrate data from the apps and devices that patients use. Apple partnered up with many of the largest electronic medical record systems, including Epic and Cerner, for this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\"> I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter.”\u003ccite> John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the process for patients to send data back to their electronic health record is wonky, and requires a number of steps. The patient has to consent to send his or her data from each app or device to HealthKit, where it will remain on the iPhone or iPad. That data can be shared with Epic’s patient-facing mobile app, for instance, and then eventually sent to the treating physician and stored in the medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has stressed that it will not share data with any third party, like an advertiser or marketer. It claims it will take on the responsibility of vetting out the apps that broker patient data, by rejecting the apps on that basis. Still, some people fear having their private information stored in one place, where it may be more susceptible to hackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key problem with Apple’s approach, some experts say, is that it requires patients to have an iPhone. Health experts are already calling for a set of common standards to ensure that data can be gathered from both Apple’s system and rivals like Android.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many of the top hospitals are running pilot programs using Apple’s HealthKit to monitor a small number of patients with chronic disease, and to avoid potentially fatal outcomes. Many hospital chief medical information officers believe that \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/05/us-apple-hospitals-exclusive-idUSKBN0L90G920150205\">patient information from mobile apps will help prevent disease and improve patient outcomes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line: Patient-generated data increasingly is finding a place in health care. And systems will need to open up and modernize to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter,” said Mattison. “Then the question becomes, how do we make the experience more seamless for patients?”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Startup companies are experimenting with new ways to unlock valuable patient information, in the hopes of lowering health care costs and improving the quality of care. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1453493798,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":49,"wordCount":2495},"headData":{"title":"Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle | KQED","description":"Startup companies are experimenting with new ways to unlock valuable patient information, in the hopes of lowering health care costs and improving the quality of care. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle","datePublished":"2015-03-13T13:00:33.000Z","dateModified":"2016-01-22T20:16:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"321 http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=321","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/","disqusTitle":"Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle","path":"/futureofyou/321/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Part Two in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-marquee-4-1920-1180x664.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first part of our series on March 12, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Critical Condition: How a Broken Medical Records System is Endangering America’s Health\u003c/a>: digital medical records were supposed to make it easier and more efficient for doctors and hospitals to share patient health information. But the data is scattered among dozens of different systems, many of which don’t talk with each other, putting patients’ lives in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Jonathan Hirsch cut his hand on a rusty piece of metal last year, he cleaned up the wound and promptly made his way to an emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch, a San Francisco-based technolog\u003ca href=\"http://www.syapse.com/\">\u003c/a>y entrepreneur, had to rush to the hospital, because he couldn’t recall whether he had received a tetanus shot in the past five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later, Hirsch emerged with a bill in the high hundreds of dollars, despite having received very little medical care. What he did get, after all that time and money, was a copy of his immunization record -- but only after five hospital staff members finally hunted down a scanned attachment of the record from another hospital in its network. It turned out he had been vaccinated just four years ago and didn't need another tetanus shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hospitals and clinics all over the country, it’s still a technical and logistical nightmare to pull up a complete, accurate and up-to-date copy of patients’ medical records, whether it’s a family history, or a list of allergies and immunizations. Hirsch was lucky to receive this fragment of his medical record at all. It would have been far more cumbersome if he had selected a hospital in a different system or network, or if he had a complex set of medical problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea behind electronic medical records is to make health care more efficient and less costly by digitizing all of our health information so medical histories are more accessible. Hoping to finally make this goal a reality, in 2009, the Obama Administration allocated billions of dollars to incentivize hospitals, clinics and other care providers to adopt electronic medical record systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg\" alt=\"Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"542\" class=\"size-large wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-400x339.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-709x600.jpg 709w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-768x650.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-320x271.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse. \u003ccite>(Chrissy Farr / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although many hospitals and other medical facilities have digitized their records, the systems they are using are often proprietary and it’s difficult to easily share health information from one hospital or clinic to another. These challenges can be costly and slow down access to health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health care delivery system today treats patients as they engage it: on a one-off basis,” said Aneesh Chopra, who served as the first chief technology officer of the White House from 2009 to 2012. Chopra has dedicated much of his time in and out of office to solving this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modernizing medical records has been a major challenge, and requires cooperation from the government and the private sector. While the big medical records corporations, hospitals and federal officials attempt to solve these problems, some startup companies are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Argonaut Project\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chopra, who is now CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://hunchanalytics.com/\">Hunch Analytics\u003c/a>, a Virginia company that is working to use public and private databases to help health care companies become more efficient, is part of a new initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/can-argonaut-project-make-exchanging-health-data-easier/a/d-id/1318774\">Argonaut Project\u003c/a> that aims to make exchanging health data easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Chopra and a diverse group of policymakers, health executives and entrepreneurs sat down at a popular Turkish restaurant in Washington D.C. and discussed a solution that would “put patients at the center,” using the same types of technologies that have been widely adopted by Internet companies like LinkedIn and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Argonaut approach is to use web-based, open standards instead of much more complex, health care-specific standards. The project relies on public APIs, or application programming interfaces, which are commands the tech industry commonly uses to make it easier for software programs to share data. It’s basically developer speak for what Chopra refers to as a “handshake” between pieces of software, such as websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal for the project is to promote more flexible, easier access to key groups of health information. If it succeeds, mobile app developers will have a much easier time working with electronic medical records, which could make it possible for patients and doctors in the future to call up important patient information on smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chopra, another key objective is to build tools to protect patient privacy, so patients will be aware and can consent when their data is shared with a mobile app or any other service.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“We are heading into health care's perfect storm.”\u003ccite>Aneesh Chopra, CEO of Hunch Analytics\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two of the nation’s largest electronic medical records companies, rivals \u003ca href=\"http://www.cerner.com/\">Cerner\u003c/a>, in Kansas City, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.epic.com/\">Epic Systems\u003c/a>, in Wisconsin, are both founding members of Argonaut. Experts say that’s a good sign, and signals an increasing willingness from the industry to tackle the problem. And the project has a tight deadline: to come up with a solution by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are heading into health care's perfect storm - a shift to value-based, rather than volume-based, health care that will reshape the care delivery system and spur greater demand for open data apps,” said Chopra.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Looks For Solutions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Seeing a business opportunity, a growing number of entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and other tech hubs are also trying to come up with easier ways of sharing health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These startups are part of a booming digital health industry that received \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/2015/01/digital-health-funding-tops-4-1b-2014-year-review/\">more than $4.1 billion in venture capital investments in 2014\u003c/a>, more than double what investors poured into the companies a year before. Digital health-focused accelerators and venture funds, like \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startuphealth.com/\">StartUp Health\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthbox.com/\">Healthbox\u003c/a>, have emerged to meet this growing demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies. Photo credit: Rock Health. \u003ccite>(Rock Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some health startups are doing the tough job of collecting data from a patient’s medical record and storing it in one, easily accessible place. This is easier said than done. Patient data is often stored in formats that a computer can’t ingest and share, like PDF files. Hirsch, the patient who had to rush to the emergency room after wounding his hand, started a company in 2008 to make sense of this unstructured data. His startup, Syapse, based in Palo Alto, is working with large and regional health systems, like Intermountain Healthcare and the University of California San Francisco, to aid in the development of a database that combines medical and genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That type of project is one of the biggest potential promises of electronic medical records: To take huge amounts of data and use them to broaden and speed up medical research studies. But with many of the largest record vendors failing in this regard, dozens of other startups are stepping in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some hospitals, like Kaiser Permanente, are turning to entrepreneurs to help solve their own health data-sharing challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser was ahead of the curve in adopting an electronic medical record system. Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer, John Mattison, was one of the key figures behind that landmark decision in 2003, which helped put Epic Systems on the map when Kaiser announced it would be using that company’s software at its hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison admits the electronic medical record systems are “a little delayed” in modernizing their systems, particularly their ability to meet legitimate requests for information. He said he has spent years pushing Epic executives to adopt more open software standards, so medical records can more easily share information with other vendors and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past.”\u003ccite>John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mattison said doctors at Kaiser and at other hospitals are frustrated by the amount of clicks of a mouse it takes to do any simple task, such as order medication. In the future, he suggests, the medical record may become a platform, or thin clinical layer of sorts, with newer, user-friendly applications for patients and doctors developed on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mattison, another area of investment is in identity management tools, which are desperately needed in the current system. As he puts it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Maria Gonzales in my emergency room. She said she had a car accident three years ago in Chicago and had some stuff taken out, but she doesn’t remember what. The hospital in Chicago has hundreds of Maria Gonzales’s in their system. I do not want to act on the information of the wrong Maria Gonzales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison said Kaiser is starting to evaluate several startups working on improving identity management, but declined to name them, saying it was still too early in the process. Some have called for a more drastic solution to this problem, such as a \u003ca href=\"http://geekdoctor.blogspot.com/2013/02/its-time-for-national-patient-identifier.html\">national patient identifier number\u003c/a>, similar to a Social Security number. But that has been controversial and has raised privacy and security concerns. If information is indexed in this way, some fear that it could make a hacker's or snoop’s job easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the risks are worth it, given the frequency that patients are mistakenly associated with someone else, and the serious medical problems that can develop if that occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue with electronic medical records is typographical errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston-based patient advocate Dave deBronkart, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dave_debronkart_meet_e_patient_dave\">known to his TED fans as “e-Patient Dave,”\u003c/a> said his mother was recently discharged from a hospital and sent to a rehabilitation center. When her medical information was typed back into the IT system used by the rehab clinic, her thyroid condition was entered incorrectly, he said. DeBronkart said the “best doc in the world” could have given her the wrong medicine, if no one had spotted the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of Bay Area startups have emerged to try to solve this problem. One company called Augmedix, based in San Francisco, has developed a doctor-focused app for Google Glass, the Internet-connected headgear that looks like a pair of high-tech glasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Silicon Valley-based startup, called Drchrono, is developing an application for Google Glass that it hopes will become the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drchrono.com/google-glass-ehr/\">wearable medical record\u003c/a>.” Doctors who use it can record a consultation with a patient’s consent, and notes are automatically stored in the electronic medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a physician sports one of these geeky-looking gadgets, they can use verbal cues to access the patient’s medical record. Notes are created and automatically entered into the record, which may reduce the rates of human error. Augmedix executives say they’ve experienced growing demand for Glass in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seemingly simple problems like data entry are the bane of many doctor’s days, as it means less time spent with patients. Many physicians are turning to solutions from the startup world to ease the transition to electronic medical records and open up the exchange of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts like Kaiser’s Mattison say that these new clinical applications will prove to be so valuable to doctors and hospitals over time that the medical record vendors will be forced to open up their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will play out in the marketplace, as the forces are in place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Empowered patients\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another fertile area of growth is mobile health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Apple’s operating system alone, users can download more than 900 apps that track health and fitness. These apps can track everything from a users’ sleep to their moods. A growing segment of these apps helps doctors monitor their patients with one or more chronic diseases, like diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sharing potentially valuable patient data has proven to be a challenge. This data, some of which is gathered on popular devices like activity trackers that people wear on their wrists, isn’t particularly useful to doctors for diagnostic purposes unless it is viewed alongside other important information, like family history and a list of medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple recently set out to solve this problem by developing a service called HealthKit, which aims to integrate data from the apps and devices that patients use. Apple partnered up with many of the largest electronic medical record systems, including Epic and Cerner, for this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\"> I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter.”\u003ccite> John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the process for patients to send data back to their electronic health record is wonky, and requires a number of steps. The patient has to consent to send his or her data from each app or device to HealthKit, where it will remain on the iPhone or iPad. That data can be shared with Epic’s patient-facing mobile app, for instance, and then eventually sent to the treating physician and stored in the medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has stressed that it will not share data with any third party, like an advertiser or marketer. It claims it will take on the responsibility of vetting out the apps that broker patient data, by rejecting the apps on that basis. Still, some people fear having their private information stored in one place, where it may be more susceptible to hackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key problem with Apple’s approach, some experts say, is that it requires patients to have an iPhone. Health experts are already calling for a set of common standards to ensure that data can be gathered from both Apple’s system and rivals like Android.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many of the top hospitals are running pilot programs using Apple’s HealthKit to monitor a small number of patients with chronic disease, and to avoid potentially fatal outcomes. Many hospital chief medical information officers believe that \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/05/us-apple-hospitals-exclusive-idUSKBN0L90G920150205\">patient information from mobile apps will help prevent disease and improve patient outcomes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line: Patient-generated data increasingly is finding a place in health care. And systems will need to open up and modernize to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter,” said Mattison. “Then the question becomes, how do we make the experience more seamless for patients?”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/futureofyou/321/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle","authors":["3252"],"programs":["futureofyou_54"],"categories":["futureofyou_1"],"tags":["futureofyou_82","futureofyou_61","futureofyou_83","futureofyou_80","futureofyou_23","futureofyou_84"],"featImg":"futureofyou_350","label":"futureofyou_54"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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