Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?
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Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare
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Photo: Dan Charles/NPR ","credit":null,"description":"Cows rotate in the milking parlor at Fair Oaks Farms, a large-scale dairy and tourist attraction, near Rensselaer, Ind.","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-1_enl-b7101bd19b7d9893f7413fd78231894ff31b18f9-e1419624855783.jpg","width":1000,"height":667}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_bayareabites_94170":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_94170","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_94170","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_93722":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_93722","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_93722","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_93245":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_93245","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_93245","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_92346":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_92346","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_92346","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_92233":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_92233","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_92233","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_92221":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_92221","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_92221","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_92064":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_92064","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_92064","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_91685":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_91685","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_91685","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_91545":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_91545","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_91545","name":"Dan Charles","isLoading":false}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"arts","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"bayareabites_94170":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_94170","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"94170","score":null,"sort":[1426813163000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","publishDate":1426813163,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1426813163,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":806},"headData":{"title":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next? | KQED","description":"The results are in from a long-running study of three different ways to house egg-laying chickens. It found that more hens survive in cages, and cages are cheaper. But consumers prefer cage-free eggs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","datePublished":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-20T00:59:23.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"94170 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=94170","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/03/19/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next/","disqusTitle":"Cramped Chicken Cages Are Going Away. What Comes Next?","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"393848921","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=393848921&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next?ft=nprml&f=393848921","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 11:31:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 19 Mar 2015 15:57:05 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94171\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/img_5767_custom-4e3e5748ff97e2e0e516d721c0af9175ab72b880-e1426812959854-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range houses allow chickens to move around freely, but operating costs were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, according to a new study. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/19/393848921/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past two years, at an undisclosed location in the Upper Midwest, a large commercial egg farm has been probed with every tool of modern science. Researchers have collected data on feed consumed, eggs produced, rates of chicken death and injury, levels of dust in the air, microbial contamination and dollars spent. Graduate students have been assigned to watch hours of video of the hens in an effort to rate the animals' well-being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was all intended to give farmers — and, perhaps, consumers — a clearer picture of different ways to house the chickens that lay our eggs. Three different types of chicken houses exist on this farm: traditional wire cages; \"enriched\" cages that offer more space, perches and nesting boxes; and cage-free houses in which chickens get to move around freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry consortium called the Coalition for a Sustainable Egg Supply funded \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">this study\u003c/a>, mainly because chicken housing is now controversial. California \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\">has banned\u003c/a> eggs from chickens that don't have enough space to turn around or flap their wings. Other states are considering similar laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The egg industry is meanwhile looking for alternatives that won't be declared illegal. This study is a close look at a couple of those alternatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conventional cage system is not going to be the system of the future,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.ans.msu.edu/people/dr_janice_swanson\">Janice Swanson\u003c/a>, a professor of animal behavior and welfare at Michigan State University and co-director of the chicken housing study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The transition away from cages, in fact, is already underway. \"Very few conventional cage systems are being installed\" on egg farms these days, says \u003ca href=\"http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mench/\">Joy Mench\u003c/a>, a professor of animal science at the University of California, Davis, the study's other co-director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.calmainefoods.com/company/about-us.aspx\">Cal-Maine Foods\u003c/a>, for instance, the largest producer of shell eggs in the U.S., is no longer building new chicken houses with traditional cages, says Matt Arrowsmith, the company's vice president for purchasing. Traditional cages still account for 90 percent of the company's production, but when those houses wear out, they will be replaced with either cage-free houses or enriched cages, sometimes called colony cages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_94172\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg\" alt=\"Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1238\" class=\"size-full wp-image-94172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-400x258.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1440x929.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-1180x761.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-768x495.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/ap100818112508_custom-95148d8274c3dcca8d26ebb855ff3d163cad8b53-e1426812920890-320x206.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chickens at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., stand in an enriched, or colony, cage system that gives them a darkened area for nesting, in 2011. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Swanson and Mench began presenting \u003ca href=\"http://www2.sustainableeggcoalition.org/final-results\">results\u003c/a> from their study this week to egg producers, processors and marketers. \"Our goal is to identify the trade-offs between the three systems for them to consider as they're making decisions about what systems to install,\" Swanson says. Scientific reports also are appearing in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/473.full\">Poultry Science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to this experiment, some trade-offs are clear. Cage-free houses allow chickens a wider range of natural behavior. Their bones also were stronger, as a result of being able to move about freely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, in part because of that freedom, \"there's more potential for injury,\" Swanson says. This is one reason more chickens died in the cage-free house — more than 10 percent, compared with about 4 percent in the cages. Most died from disease, but some also died because of injury or from being hen-pecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air in the cage-free house was full of dust, but \"it didn't seem to have any effect on the hens,\" says Mench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the perspective of \u003ca href=\"http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/3/552.full.pdf+html\">economic efficiency\u003c/a>, though, cages were a clear winner. Chickens in both traditional and enriched cages produced more eggs and produced them more efficiently, compared with cage-free houses. Operating costs of the cage-free house were 23 percent higher than for traditional cages, and even more when the capital cost of building the house was included. Cage-free production was expensive in part because the farmer had to pay more for young hens, or pullets, that had been raised in a cage-free environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, egg producers also are responding to consumer demand, and \"there is a growing demand for cage-free,\" says Arrowsmith of Cal-Maine Foods. Most consumers, though, still buy the cheapest eggs on the shelf, Arrowsmith says, and that will keep keep most chickens in some sort of cage for a long time to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal-Maine Foods is hedging its bets, producing eggs that carry a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/23/370377902/farm-fresh-natural-eggs-not-always-what-they-re-cracked-up-to-be\">labels\u003c/a>, depending on how they are housed and fed: cage-free, omega-3 or vegetarian. \"The more diverse products that you can put on the shelf, the more likely it is that a consumer will want one of them,\" Arrowsmith says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/94170/cramped-chicken-cages-are-going-away-what-comes-next","authors":["byline_bayareabites_94170"],"categories":["bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_11915","bayareabites_11914","bayareabites_8249","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_94171","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_93722":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_93722","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"93722","score":null,"sort":[1425847260000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics","title":"FDA Tests Turn Up Dairy Farmers Breaking The Law On Antibiotics","publishDate":1425847260,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg\" alt=\"FDA tests have turned up residues suggesting a few dairy farmers are illegally using antibiotics. Photo: iStockphoto\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93723\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-1440x957.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-768x510.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">FDA tests have turned up residues suggesting a few dairy farmers are illegally using antibiotics. Photo: iStockphoto\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/08/391248045/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/8/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to the current controversy over antibiotic use on farm animals, milk is in a special category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lactating cows, unlike hogs, cattle or chickens that are raised for their meat, don't receive antibiotics unless they are actually sick. That's because drug residues immediately appear in the cow's milk — a violation of food safety rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Milk shipments are tested for six of the most widely used antibiotics, and any truckload that tests positive is rejected. So when cows are treated, farmers discard their milk for several days until the residues disappear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/GuidanceComplianceEnforcement/ComplianceEnforcement/UCM435759.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the Food and Drug Administration reveals that a few farmers are slipping through a hole in this enforcement net. These farmers are using antibiotics that the routine tests don't try to detect, because the drugs aren't supposed to be used on dairy cows at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA looked for 31 different drugs in samples of milk from almost 2,000 dairy farms. About half of the farms — the \"targeted\" group — had come under suspicion for sending cows to slaughter that turned out to have drug residues in their meat. The other farms were a random sample of all milk producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 1 percent of the samples from the \"targeted\" group, and 0.4 percent of the randomly collected samples, contained drug residues. An antibiotic called Florfenicol was the most common drug detected, but 11 other drugs also turned up. Perhaps most disturbing: None of the drugs that the FDA detected are approved for use in lactating dairy cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the survey was carried out for research purposes, the samples were collected anonymously, and the FDA cannot send investigators to the farms to find out what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.vet.k-state.edu/education/clinical-sciences/faculty-staff/faculty/apley/\">Mike Apley\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University's College of Veterinary Medicine, says that it is \"totally illegal\" for dairy farmers to use two of the drugs that the FDA detected: Ciproflaxacin and Sulfamethazine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of other drugs, he says, the situation is more complicated. It's illegal for farmers to use those drugs on their own, but veterinarians are allowed to authorize their use in dairy cows under certain strict conditions. Veterinarians also are supposed to ensure that no residues enter the food supply. For whatever reason, that veterinary safeguard didn't work in these cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. William Flynn, deputy director for science policy in the FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine, chose to focus on the fact that the violations were uncommon. \"These are encouraging findings,\" Flynn tells The Salt. The low number of violations indicates that \"things are working well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn says the FDA is working on plans to stop illegal drug use by dairy farmers. This could include testing all milk for a larger number of antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://vetmed.tamu.edu/vtpb/directorydetail?userid=346\">Morgan Scott\u003c/a>, a veterinary epidemiologist at Texas A&M University, noted that a small number of farmers, through their reckless use of drugs, may end up imposing substantial costs on all other dairy farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That, to me, is tragic, that some farmers don't think that keeping the reputation of the industry intact is a priority,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Random tests of milk reveal that a few farmers are treating dairy cows with antibiotics that aren't supposed to be used on them. The FDA is now considering tighter controls to prevent such practices.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1425847260,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":557},"headData":{"title":"FDA Tests Turn Up Dairy Farmers Breaking The Law On Antibiotics | KQED","description":"Random tests of milk reveal that a few farmers are treating dairy cows with antibiotics that aren't supposed to be used on them. The FDA is now considering tighter controls to prevent such practices.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"FDA Tests Turn Up Dairy Farmers Breaking The Law On Antibiotics","datePublished":"2015-03-08T20:41:00.000Z","dateModified":"2015-03-08T20:41:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"93722 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=93722","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/03/08/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics/","disqusTitle":"FDA Tests Turn Up Dairy Farmers Breaking The Law On Antibiotics","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"391248045","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=391248045&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/08/391248045/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics?ft=nprml&f=391248045","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sun, 08 Mar 2015 15:02:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Sun, 08 Mar 2015 15:02:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sun, 08 Mar 2015 15:02:52 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/93722/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg\" alt=\"FDA tests have turned up residues suggesting a few dairy farmers are illegally using antibiotics. Photo: iStockphoto\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93723\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-1440x957.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-768x510.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/istock_000019322566xlarge_edit_custom-9d4c4a33422ae3c4775983ae0de71646537c78c4-e1425847073871-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">FDA tests have turned up residues suggesting a few dairy farmers are illegally using antibiotics. Photo: iStockphoto\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/03/08/391248045/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (3/8/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to the current controversy over antibiotic use on farm animals, milk is in a special category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lactating cows, unlike hogs, cattle or chickens that are raised for their meat, don't receive antibiotics unless they are actually sick. That's because drug residues immediately appear in the cow's milk — a violation of food safety rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Milk shipments are tested for six of the most widely used antibiotics, and any truckload that tests positive is rejected. So when cows are treated, farmers discard their milk for several days until the residues disappear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/GuidanceComplianceEnforcement/ComplianceEnforcement/UCM435759.pdf\">report\u003c/a> from the Food and Drug Administration reveals that a few farmers are slipping through a hole in this enforcement net. These farmers are using antibiotics that the routine tests don't try to detect, because the drugs aren't supposed to be used on dairy cows at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA looked for 31 different drugs in samples of milk from almost 2,000 dairy farms. About half of the farms — the \"targeted\" group — had come under suspicion for sending cows to slaughter that turned out to have drug residues in their meat. The other farms were a random sample of all milk producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 1 percent of the samples from the \"targeted\" group, and 0.4 percent of the randomly collected samples, contained drug residues. An antibiotic called Florfenicol was the most common drug detected, but 11 other drugs also turned up. Perhaps most disturbing: None of the drugs that the FDA detected are approved for use in lactating dairy cows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the survey was carried out for research purposes, the samples were collected anonymously, and the FDA cannot send investigators to the farms to find out what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.vet.k-state.edu/education/clinical-sciences/faculty-staff/faculty/apley/\">Mike Apley\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University's College of Veterinary Medicine, says that it is \"totally illegal\" for dairy farmers to use two of the drugs that the FDA detected: Ciproflaxacin and Sulfamethazine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of other drugs, he says, the situation is more complicated. It's illegal for farmers to use those drugs on their own, but veterinarians are allowed to authorize their use in dairy cows under certain strict conditions. Veterinarians also are supposed to ensure that no residues enter the food supply. For whatever reason, that veterinary safeguard didn't work in these cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. William Flynn, deputy director for science policy in the FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine, chose to focus on the fact that the violations were uncommon. \"These are encouraging findings,\" Flynn tells The Salt. The low number of violations indicates that \"things are working well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn says the FDA is working on plans to stop illegal drug use by dairy farmers. This could include testing all milk for a larger number of antibiotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://vetmed.tamu.edu/vtpb/directorydetail?userid=346\">Morgan Scott\u003c/a>, a veterinary epidemiologist at Texas A&M University, noted that a small number of farmers, through their reckless use of drugs, may end up imposing substantial costs on all other dairy farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That, to me, is tragic, that some farmers don't think that keeping the reputation of the industry intact is a priority,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/93722/fda-tests-turn-up-dairy-farmers-breaking-the-law-on-antibiotics","authors":["byline_bayareabites_93722"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_11521","bayareabites_9541","bayareabites_10480","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_2608","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_93723","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_93245":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_93245","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"93245","score":null,"sort":[1423874068000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party","title":"GMO Apples Get The Nod, But Not Much Of A Welcoming Party","publishDate":1423874068,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg\" alt=\"Arctic Granny (right), a GMO variety created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, got the gren light from federal regulators Friday. The apple doesn't turn brown like a conventional Granny Smith apple (left). Photo: Okanagan Specialty Fruits\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93246\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arctic Granny (right), a GMO variety created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, got the gren light from federal regulators Friday. The apple doesn't turn brown like a conventional Granny Smith apple (left). Photo: Okanagan Specialty Fruits\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By Dan Charles, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/13/386029863/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/13/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/02/20150213_atc_here_come_the_gmo_apples.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have good news for all of you who find browned apple slices unappetizing. It's bad news, though, if you don't like scientists fiddling with your food. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has given a green light to apples that have been genetically modified so that they don't turn brown when you cut them open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/08/260782518/this-gmo-apple-wont-brown-will-that-sour-the-fruits-image\">apples\u003c/a> in question are modified versions of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples. They're called Arctic Golden and Arctic Granny, and they were created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, a small company in British Columbia, Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company inserted some extra genes into these apples. The genes are actually extra copies of genes that apples already possess, and as a result, the genes are \"silenced:\" They no longer produce the enzyme that's responsible for apple flesh turning brown when it's exposed to air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.arcticapples.com/blog/osf-staff/meet-osf-founders-neal-and-louisa-carter#.UIG6Tm_A_ng\">Neal Carter\u003c/a>, the president of Okanagan Specialty Fruits, the main market for these apples will be food service companies that serve sliced apples. Currently, they prevent the apple slices from getting brown through some other method, usually a preservative similar to the lemon juice in your kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/stakeholders/downloads/2015/SA_arctic_apples.pdf\">said\u003c/a> Friday they'd decided that the new apples pose no additional dangers. This means that farmers are now legally free to plant and sell them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okanagan Specialty Fruits, however, is also waiting for a letter of approval from the Food and Drug Administration, which is evaluating the fruit's safety for consumers. The FDA has already approved \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/13/376184710/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them\">potatoes\u003c/a> that were modified in a similar manner, and most observers expect the FDA to approve these apples as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other hurdles remain. Critics of genetically modified food, including Consumers Union, Food and Water Watch and Friends of the Earth, unleashed a barrage of protest Friday against the USDA's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's interesting that USDA chose to approve this GMO apple on Friday the 13\u003csup>th \u003c/sup>-- it's certainly an unlucky day for the apple growers, consumers and food companies that don't want this unnecessary new GMO,\" Lisa Archer, food and technology program director at Friends of the Earth, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups say the technology needs more critical scrutiny, and believe that the government's system for approving such crops relies too heavily on tests carried out by the companies themselves. The Environmental Working Group noted in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/release/arctic-apples-will-thaw-congressional-action-gmo-labeling\">statement\u003c/a> that the new apples may \"thaw Congressional action on GMO labeling,\" fueling efforts to pass legislation that would require food manufacturers to label foods containing GMOs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some important players in the apple business, such as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwhort.org/\">Northwest Horticultural Council\u003c/a>, also are opposed to the new apples. They are worried the advent of GMO apples will ruin the wholesome image of the entire apple section in supermarkets. There also are concerns that foreign markets, where the new apples are not yet approved for sale, might turn away from American apple exports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such uncertainties could convince many apple growers to shun the new apples, at least until major customers have decided whether or not to buy them. \"I think it's going to be a very minor market,\" says Christian Schlect, president of the Northwest Horticultural Council, which represents fruit producers in Oregon and Washington. \"It's hard to believe that there will be mass plantings of this.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Government regulators have approved the first genetically modified apples, which don't turn brown when you cut them open. But planting these trees will be a gamble since consumers may not want them.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1423874068,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":633},"headData":{"title":"GMO Apples Get The Nod, But Not Much Of A Welcoming Party | KQED","description":"Government regulators have approved the first genetically modified apples, which don't turn brown when you cut them open. But planting these trees will be a gamble since consumers may not want them.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"GMO Apples Get The Nod, But Not Much Of A Welcoming Party","datePublished":"2015-02-14T00:34:28.000Z","dateModified":"2015-02-14T00:34:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"93245 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=93245","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/02/13/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party/","disqusTitle":"GMO Apples Get The Nod, But Not Much Of A Welcoming Party","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"386029863","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=386029863&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/13/386029863/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party?ft=nprml&f=386029863","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 13 Feb 2015 18:29:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Fri, 13 Feb 2015 17:38:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 13 Feb 2015 17:59:57 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/02/20150213_atc_here_come_the_gmo_apples.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&e=386029863&d=191&ft=nprml&f=386029863","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1386085380-7711b4.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&e=386029863&d=191&ft=nprml&f=386029863","path":"/bayareabites/93245/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/02/20150213_atc_here_come_the_gmo_apples.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_93246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg\" alt=\"Arctic Granny (right), a GMO variety created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, got the gren light from federal regulators Friday. The apple doesn't turn brown like a conventional Granny Smith apple (left). Photo: Okanagan Specialty Fruits\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93246\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542.jpg 1000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2015/02/arctic-apple-1_wide-aa0a0356dfd08dd18d2624b903e17d06f55f88a7-e1423873954542-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arctic Granny (right), a GMO variety created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, got the gren light from federal regulators Friday. The apple doesn't turn brown like a conventional Granny Smith apple (left). Photo: Okanagan Specialty Fruits\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By Dan Charles, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/02/13/386029863/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/13/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/02/20150213_atc_here_come_the_gmo_apples.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have good news for all of you who find browned apple slices unappetizing. It's bad news, though, if you don't like scientists fiddling with your food. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has given a green light to apples that have been genetically modified so that they don't turn brown when you cut them open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/01/08/260782518/this-gmo-apple-wont-brown-will-that-sour-the-fruits-image\">apples\u003c/a> in question are modified versions of Golden Delicious and Granny Smith apples. They're called Arctic Golden and Arctic Granny, and they were created by Okanagan Specialty Fruits, a small company in British Columbia, Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company inserted some extra genes into these apples. The genes are actually extra copies of genes that apples already possess, and as a result, the genes are \"silenced:\" They no longer produce the enzyme that's responsible for apple flesh turning brown when it's exposed to air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"http://www.arcticapples.com/blog/osf-staff/meet-osf-founders-neal-and-louisa-carter#.UIG6Tm_A_ng\">Neal Carter\u003c/a>, the president of Okanagan Specialty Fruits, the main market for these apples will be food service companies that serve sliced apples. Currently, they prevent the apple slices from getting brown through some other method, usually a preservative similar to the lemon juice in your kitchen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/stakeholders/downloads/2015/SA_arctic_apples.pdf\">said\u003c/a> Friday they'd decided that the new apples pose no additional dangers. This means that farmers are now legally free to plant and sell them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Okanagan Specialty Fruits, however, is also waiting for a letter of approval from the Food and Drug Administration, which is evaluating the fruit's safety for consumers. The FDA has already approved \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/13/376184710/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them\">potatoes\u003c/a> that were modified in a similar manner, and most observers expect the FDA to approve these apples as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other hurdles remain. Critics of genetically modified food, including Consumers Union, Food and Water Watch and Friends of the Earth, unleashed a barrage of protest Friday against the USDA's decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's interesting that USDA chose to approve this GMO apple on Friday the 13\u003csup>th \u003c/sup>-- it's certainly an unlucky day for the apple growers, consumers and food companies that don't want this unnecessary new GMO,\" Lisa Archer, food and technology program director at Friends of the Earth, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The groups say the technology needs more critical scrutiny, and believe that the government's system for approving such crops relies too heavily on tests carried out by the companies themselves. The Environmental Working Group noted in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/release/arctic-apples-will-thaw-congressional-action-gmo-labeling\">statement\u003c/a> that the new apples may \"thaw Congressional action on GMO labeling,\" fueling efforts to pass legislation that would require food manufacturers to label foods containing GMOs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some important players in the apple business, such as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nwhort.org/\">Northwest Horticultural Council\u003c/a>, also are opposed to the new apples. They are worried the advent of GMO apples will ruin the wholesome image of the entire apple section in supermarkets. There also are concerns that foreign markets, where the new apples are not yet approved for sale, might turn away from American apple exports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such uncertainties could convince many apple growers to shun the new apples, at least until major customers have decided whether or not to buy them. \"I think it's going to be a very minor market,\" says Christian Schlect, president of the Northwest Horticultural Council, which represents fruit producers in Oregon and Washington. \"It's hard to believe that there will be mass plantings of this.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/93245/gmo-apples-get-the-nod-but-not-much-of-a-welcoming-party","authors":["byline_bayareabites_93245"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_469","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_10771","bayareabites_10787","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_8913"],"featImg":"bayareabites_93246","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92346":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92346","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92346","score":null,"sort":[1422393282000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","title":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","publishDate":1422393282,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92347\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/27/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, a once-popular drug that makes cattle put on weight faster has been stuck in a kind of veterinary purgatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as the Food and Drug Administration is concerned, the drug, Zilmax, is legal to use. But large meat packers, which dominate the industry, have ostracized it after the drug \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">was accused\u003c/a> of making animals suffer. The drug's manufacturer, Merck, has been working on a plan to rehabilitate it. But that effort has stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">suspended\u003c/a> sales of Zilmax in August 2013, after Tyson, a leading beef processor, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/09/did-tyson-ban-doping-cows-with-zilmax-to-boost-foreign-sales/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would no longer buy cattle that had been treated with Zilmax, and other cattle buyers followed Tyson's lead. Tyson's move followed reports that Zilmax-treated cattle were more likely to suffer from what some researchers call \"cattle fatigue syndrome.\" At an industry conference, an animal welfare expert from the meat packer JBS showed a video of Zilmax-treated cattle that appeared immobile, unable to move properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck responded with a \"five-step plan\" to examine the safety of Zilmax. Last November, it \u003ca href=\"http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/news/2014-11-5.aspx\">unveiled\u003c/a> new procedures for using the drug, including guidelines and training that are intended to prevent overdosing cattle with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the centerpiece of Merck's plan, a large \"field evaluation\" of Zilmax, remains in limbo. This study was supposed to include up to 240,000 cattle, at a variety of commercial feedlots. Merck recruited a university researcher to carry it out, and it was supposed to begin last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot operators are refusing to participate, though, because they don't want to be stuck with cattle that they can't sell. And their customers, the beef processors, remain skittish. \"We're not accepting cattle fed with Zilmax,\" says Mike Martin, from Cargill, one of four companies that dominate the beef industry. (The others are Tyson, JBS, and National Beef.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargill's reluctance to take Zilmax-fed cattle, Martin says, is based in part on continued uncertainty about what caused those health problems in cattle. But he also mentioned another reason: The drug can complicate beef exports. Some countries won't accept beef from cattle that were fed Zilmax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Goss, a spokesperson for Merck Animal Health, says that organizing the Zilmax study has \"been more time intensive and complicated than we anticipated.\" But she says the company still hopes to proceed with it. \"Our intent is not to rush this,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zilmax is part of a class of drugs called beta agonists, which are chemically similar to the human hormone adrenaline. Another beta agonist, called ractopamine, is commonly fed to pigs. They cause animals to grow more muscle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.k-state.edu/media/mediaguide/bios/thomsonbio.html\">Dan Thomson\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University who has studied the effects of Zilmax on cattle, says that Merck has been acting responsibly in its efforts to revive sales of the drug. \"I think that the changes they've made have been all for the better,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson also says that beta agonists such as Zilmax are not the sole cause of \"fatigued cattle syndrome.\" Those symptoms, he says, are a reaction to stress. Beta agonists may contribute to it, but so do heat, being transported in trailers and interactions with humans. \"We have been able to study it in cattle that were fed beta agonists and cattle that were not fed beta agonists,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Beef processors continue to block efforts to bring back Zilmax, a drug that makes cattle put on weight faster. Is it because they're concerned about animal welfare, or beef exports?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1422393829,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":633},"headData":{"title":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug | KQED","description":"Beef processors continue to block efforts to bring back Zilmax, a drug that makes cattle put on weight faster. Is it because they're concerned about animal welfare, or beef exports?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","datePublished":"2015-01-27T21:14:42.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-27T21:23:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92346 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92346","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/27/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug/","disqusTitle":"Beef Packers Block Plan To Revive Growth-Promoting Drug ","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"381630528","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=381630528&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug?ft=nprml&f=381630528","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 14:08:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 11:30:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 27 Jan 2015 14:08:36 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/92346/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/cows_enl-787a2778cbfa3a7f89e6053b47103554f8a3abf7-e1422392884964.jpg\" alt=\"Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92347\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cattle in holding pens at the Simplot feedlot located next to a slaughterhouse in Burbank, Washington on Dec. 26, 2013. Merck & Co Inc is testing lower dosages of its controversial cattle growth drug Zilmax drug in an effort to resume its sales to the $44 billion U.S. beef industry. Photo: Ross Courtney/Reuters/Landov\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/27/381630528/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/27/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, a once-popular drug that makes cattle put on weight faster has been stuck in a kind of veterinary purgatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As far as the Food and Drug Administration is concerned, the drug, Zilmax, is legal to use. But large meat packers, which dominate the industry, have ostracized it after the drug \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">was accused\u003c/a> of making animals suffer. The drug's manufacturer, Merck, has been working on a plan to rehabilitate it. But that effort has stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/21/inside-the-beef-industrys-battle-over-growth-promotion-drugs/\">suspended\u003c/a> sales of Zilmax in August 2013, after Tyson, a leading beef processor, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/08/09/did-tyson-ban-doping-cows-with-zilmax-to-boost-foreign-sales/\">announced\u003c/a> that it would no longer buy cattle that had been treated with Zilmax, and other cattle buyers followed Tyson's lead. Tyson's move followed reports that Zilmax-treated cattle were more likely to suffer from what some researchers call \"cattle fatigue syndrome.\" At an industry conference, an animal welfare expert from the meat packer JBS showed a video of Zilmax-treated cattle that appeared immobile, unable to move properly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merck responded with a \"five-step plan\" to examine the safety of Zilmax. Last November, it \u003ca href=\"http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/news/2014-11-5.aspx\">unveiled\u003c/a> new procedures for using the drug, including guidelines and training that are intended to prevent overdosing cattle with the drug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the centerpiece of Merck's plan, a large \"field evaluation\" of Zilmax, remains in limbo. This study was supposed to include up to 240,000 cattle, at a variety of commercial feedlots. Merck recruited a university researcher to carry it out, and it was supposed to begin last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feedlot operators are refusing to participate, though, because they don't want to be stuck with cattle that they can't sell. And their customers, the beef processors, remain skittish. \"We're not accepting cattle fed with Zilmax,\" says Mike Martin, from Cargill, one of four companies that dominate the beef industry. (The others are Tyson, JBS, and National Beef.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cargill's reluctance to take Zilmax-fed cattle, Martin says, is based in part on continued uncertainty about what caused those health problems in cattle. But he also mentioned another reason: The drug can complicate beef exports. Some countries won't accept beef from cattle that were fed Zilmax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Goss, a spokesperson for Merck Animal Health, says that organizing the Zilmax study has \"been more time intensive and complicated than we anticipated.\" But she says the company still hopes to proceed with it. \"Our intent is not to rush this,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zilmax is part of a class of drugs called beta agonists, which are chemically similar to the human hormone adrenaline. Another beta agonist, called ractopamine, is commonly fed to pigs. They cause animals to grow more muscle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.k-state.edu/media/mediaguide/bios/thomsonbio.html\">Dan Thomson\u003c/a>, a researcher at Kansas State University who has studied the effects of Zilmax on cattle, says that Merck has been acting responsibly in its efforts to revive sales of the drug. \"I think that the changes they've made have been all for the better,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson also says that beta agonists such as Zilmax are not the sole cause of \"fatigued cattle syndrome.\" Those symptoms, he says, are a reaction to stress. Beta agonists may contribute to it, but so do heat, being transported in trailers and interactions with humans. \"We have been able to study it in cattle that were fed beta agonists and cattle that were not fed beta agonists,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92346/beef-packers-block-plan-to-revive-growth-promoting-drug","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92346"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_99","bayareabites_620","bayareabites_8959","bayareabites_8966","bayareabites_14103","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_2608","bayareabites_14102","bayareabites_243","bayareabites_14104","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_12192","bayareabites_12193"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92347","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92233":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92233","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92233","score":null,"sort":[1421888794000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry","title":"Clean Up Those Contaminated Chicken Parts, USDA Tells Industry","publishDate":1421888794,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chicken-parts_slide-b8044ea2401e6e46d26f542798cce014952c9c09-e1421888589864.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chicken-parts_slide-b8044ea2401e6e46d26f542798cce014952c9c09-e1421888589864.jpg\" alt=\"About a quarter of the chicken parts we buy is tainted with salmonella, according to USDA tests. Photo: snowpea&bokchoi/Flickr\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92234\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About a quarter of the chicken parts we buy is tainted with salmonella, according to USDA tests. Photo: \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/bokchoi-snowpea/4688558649\" target=\"_blank\">snowpea&bokchoi/Flickr\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150121_atc_clean_up_those_contaminated_chicken_parts_usda_tells_industry.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/21/378844287/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/21/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, according to government surveys, about a quarter of the cut-up chicken you buy — and about half of all ground chicken — is contaminated with salmonella bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a surprisingly high number, and it was a surprise to the USDA's food safety officials, too, when they realized this about a year ago. Because up to that point, their efforts had been focused on whole chickens, rather than the cut-up parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a legal limit on the percentage of whole chicken carcasses that can be contaminated with salmonella. That limit is 7.5 percent, and most poultry companies meet it easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most people buy chicken parts, like thighs, breasts, and drumsticks. And about a year ago, during an \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/heidelberg-10-13/\">outbreak\u003c/a> of salmonella poisoning that was traced to the Foster Farms company, in California, the USDA's scientists started systematically testing chicken parts, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discovered that those parts were three or four times more likely to test positive for salmonella than the whole chickens. Ground chicken was even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question was, why? What were we missing?\" says Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full answer still isn't clear. Something may happen during the cutting up process that spreads the bacteria around or perhaps releases them from pores in the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the cause, that discovery persuaded the USDA to \u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=2015/01/0013.xml\">propose\u003c/a> a new set of legal standards covering poultry parts and ground poultry. The limits, formally proposed on Wednesday, will cover salmonella and a less-common microbe called campylobacter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the proposal goes into force, companies will have to cut the amount of salmonella contamination by about half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be more testing, too, as well as some public shaming. \"We are going to be posting facility ratings, or category ratings, online, as a way to encourage folks to get to a better place,\" says Vilsack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA says that about 60 percent of poultry processing plants probably exceed these proposed limits at the moment. But the National Chicken Council, which represents the poultry industry, said in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/ncc-statement-usdas-new-proposed-standards-chicken-parts/\">statement\u003c/a> that companies will meet the new limits when they go into force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ugacfs.org/faculty/doyle.html\">Michael Doyle\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Food Safety at the University of Georgia, says companies certainly can do this. He points to the example of Foster Farms, which \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/08/28/how-foster-farms-is-solving-the-case-of-the-mystery-salmonella/\">embarked\u003c/a> on an ambitious salmonella control program after it was identified as the source of that outbreak a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company has literally driven that percentage of positives down to well below what the USDA's expectations are,\" Doyle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The share of chicken parts testing positive for salmonella fell from 25 percent, which is the industry average, to less than 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the USDA's proposal, the legal limit will be 15 percent — a much less ambitious goal. But Doyle says it's a reasonable start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The government wants to make your chicken meat safer to handle. The USDA is proposing legal limits on the chicken parts that are contaminated with salmonella bacteria.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1421888794,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":536},"headData":{"title":"Clean Up Those Contaminated Chicken Parts, USDA Tells Industry | KQED","description":"The government wants to make your chicken meat safer to handle. The USDA is proposing legal limits on the chicken parts that are contaminated with salmonella bacteria.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Clean Up Those Contaminated Chicken Parts, USDA Tells Industry","datePublished":"2015-01-22T01:06:34.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-22T01:06:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92233 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92233","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/21/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry/","disqusTitle":"Clean Up Those Contaminated Chicken Parts, USDA Tells Industry","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"378844287","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=378844287&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/21/378844287/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry?ft=3&f=378844287","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 21 Jan 2015 19:00:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 21 Jan 2015 16:13:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 21 Jan 2015 16:52:35 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150121_atc_clean_up_those_contaminated_chicken_parts_usda_tells_industry.mp3?orgId=1&ft=3&f=378844287","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1378905671-115063.m3u?orgId=1&ft=3&f=378844287","path":"/bayareabites/92233/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150121_atc_clean_up_those_contaminated_chicken_parts_usda_tells_industry.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chicken-parts_slide-b8044ea2401e6e46d26f542798cce014952c9c09-e1421888589864.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chicken-parts_slide-b8044ea2401e6e46d26f542798cce014952c9c09-e1421888589864.jpg\" alt=\"About a quarter of the chicken parts we buy is tainted with salmonella, according to USDA tests. Photo: snowpea&bokchoi/Flickr\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92234\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About a quarter of the chicken parts we buy is tainted with salmonella, according to USDA tests. Photo: \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/bokchoi-snowpea/4688558649\" target=\"_blank\">snowpea&bokchoi/Flickr\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150121_atc_clean_up_those_contaminated_chicken_parts_usda_tells_industry.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/21/378844287/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/21/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, according to government surveys, about a quarter of the cut-up chicken you buy — and about half of all ground chicken — is contaminated with salmonella bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a surprisingly high number, and it was a surprise to the USDA's food safety officials, too, when they realized this about a year ago. Because up to that point, their efforts had been focused on whole chickens, rather than the cut-up parts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a legal limit on the percentage of whole chicken carcasses that can be contaminated with salmonella. That limit is 7.5 percent, and most poultry companies meet it easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But most people buy chicken parts, like thighs, breasts, and drumsticks. And about a year ago, during an \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/heidelberg-10-13/\">outbreak\u003c/a> of salmonella poisoning that was traced to the Foster Farms company, in California, the USDA's scientists started systematically testing chicken parts, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discovered that those parts were three or four times more likely to test positive for salmonella than the whole chickens. Ground chicken was even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The question was, why? What were we missing?\" says Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full answer still isn't clear. Something may happen during the cutting up process that spreads the bacteria around or perhaps releases them from pores in the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the cause, that discovery persuaded the USDA to \u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentidonly=true&contentid=2015/01/0013.xml\">propose\u003c/a> a new set of legal standards covering poultry parts and ground poultry. The limits, formally proposed on Wednesday, will cover salmonella and a less-common microbe called campylobacter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the proposal goes into force, companies will have to cut the amount of salmonella contamination by about half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be more testing, too, as well as some public shaming. \"We are going to be posting facility ratings, or category ratings, online, as a way to encourage folks to get to a better place,\" says Vilsack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USDA says that about 60 percent of poultry processing plants probably exceed these proposed limits at the moment. But the National Chicken Council, which represents the poultry industry, said in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/ncc-statement-usdas-new-proposed-standards-chicken-parts/\">statement\u003c/a> that companies will meet the new limits when they go into force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ugacfs.org/faculty/doyle.html\">Michael Doyle\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Food Safety at the University of Georgia, says companies certainly can do this. He points to the example of Foster Farms, which \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/08/28/how-foster-farms-is-solving-the-case-of-the-mystery-salmonella/\">embarked\u003c/a> on an ambitious salmonella control program after it was identified as the source of that outbreak a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company has literally driven that percentage of positives down to well below what the USDA's expectations are,\" Doyle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The share of chicken parts testing positive for salmonella fell from 25 percent, which is the industry average, to less than 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the USDA's proposal, the legal limit will be 15 percent — a much less ambitious goal. But Doyle says it's a reasonable start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92233/clean-up-those-contaminated-chicken-parts-usda-tells-industry","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92233"],"categories":["bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_621","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_2037","bayareabites_10921","bayareabites_8913"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92234","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92221":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92221","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92221","score":null,"sort":[1421857056000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","title":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","publishDate":1421857056,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\" alt=\" Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of all Chipotle restaurants are not serving carnitas at the moment, because the restaurant chain has suspended one of its major pork suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant chain has declined to identify the supplier and the exact reasons for the suspension. In its official statements, Chipotle said only that the supplier was not in compliance with the company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.chipotle.com/en-us/fwi/animals/animals.aspx\">animal welfare standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when David Maren heard the news, he had a pretty good idea what the problem was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is the founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.grassfedbeef.org/Beyond-Organic-Pork/\">Tendergrass Farms\u003c/a>, near Roanoke, Va. It's an online marketer of meat and organic lard from a network of farmers. The farmers raise their pigs Chipotle-style: The animals get no antibiotics or growth-promoting drugs. They aren't confined inside buildings. In fact, most of them spend their whole life on pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren says it's not hard to persuade pork producers to adopt part of that package. They don't mind so much cutting out the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are two technologies that many farmers cannot imagine giving up, and these are things that Chipotle does not allow: farrowing crates and slatted-floor housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrowing crates are small pens, measuring about 6 feet by 2 feet, where mother pigs, or sows, are confined for a period that starts just before farrowing, or giving birth. The sows stay in the crates for about three weeks while their piglets are nursing. These pens are different from \"gestation crates,\" which confine a sow during most of her adult life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose [of farrowing crates] is to protect the baby pigs,\" says Maren. Metal walls keep sows from stepping on the piglets. This also means that the sows cannot move much or turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92222\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\" alt=\"A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92222\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Slatted floors, meanwhile, are a basic feature of most standard hog houses. They allow farmers to raise lots of pigs indoors, out of the weather, and keep them clean. Manure drops down through the slats into collection pits. Critics say it is unnatural and inhumane to keep pigs inside on a hard, bare surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry source has confirmed Maren's guess. These two issues were the cause of Chipotle's pork problems this past week, after it discovered the supplier was using the methods the company bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is surprisingly conflicted about these rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though his farmers' methods meet — and actually exceed — Chipotle's standards, he says, he's not really sure that these rules make much sense for a large-scale buyer of pork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take farrowing crates, he says. Confining a sow looks inhumane, \"but the alternative is, if you put a picture right beside that of a farmer walking out of his alternative farrowing house with a five-gallon bucket full of dead baby pigs, you have to ask yourself, which is more humane?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider slatted-floor housing. It's true that this is not a natural environment for pigs, but it allows farmers to handle large numbers of pigs. What Chipotle wants — pigs living in \"deeply bedded pens\" that they can dig around in — takes a lot more work, space and bedding material, such as straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about scalability,\" Maren says. \"They can find a few hundred farmers to do that, and they have. Can they find a few thousand, or tens of thousands, to feed America? I think that's going to be challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chipotle's head of communication, Chris Arnold, says this has not been a problem so far. The current shortfall in pork was a one-time problem with a single supplier, he says. In general, he says, Chipotle has had little difficulty finding pork suppliers who are willing and able to follow its rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arnold would not identify the offending pork producer. He says the supplier may simply not have fully understood Chipotle's requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that these are good people who are trying to do the right thing, and if they bring their protocols into [compliance] with our standards, we'd certainly consider having them back as part of our supply network,\" Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't happen quickly, though. It would mean building another style of farrowing pens and new barns to house the pigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Wondering why your local Chipotle is no longer serving pork? It's because a big supplier was housing pigs in confined quarters. But there's debate about whether that's really worse for the animals.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1421857056,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":796},"headData":{"title":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare | KQED","description":"Wondering why your local Chipotle is no longer serving pork? It's because a big supplier was housing pigs in confined quarters. But there's debate about whether that's really worse for the animals.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","datePublished":"2015-01-21T16:17:36.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-21T16:17:36.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92221 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92221","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/21/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare/","disqusTitle":"Chipotle's Pulled Pork Highlights Debate Over Sow Welfare","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"377760603","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=377760603&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare?ft=3&f=377760603","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 20 Jan 2015 13:07:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 19 Jan 2015 16:07:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 20 Jan 2015 13:07:11 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3?orgId=1&topicIda=1006&ft=3&f=377760603","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1378409728-445c7f.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1006&ft=3&f=377760603","path":"/bayareabites/92221/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/chipotle.jpg\" alt=\" Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers prepare burritos at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in New York. The restaurant chain has stopped serving pork in about one-third of its U.S. locations. Photo: Richard Levine/Demotix/Corbis\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150119_atc_chipotles_pulled_pork_highlights_debate_over_sow_welfare.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/16/377760603/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/19/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a third of all Chipotle restaurants are not serving carnitas at the moment, because the restaurant chain has suspended one of its major pork suppliers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The restaurant chain has declined to identify the supplier and the exact reasons for the suspension. In its official statements, Chipotle said only that the supplier was not in compliance with the company's \u003ca href=\"http://www.chipotle.com/en-us/fwi/animals/animals.aspx\">animal welfare standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when David Maren heard the news, he had a pretty good idea what the problem was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is the founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.grassfedbeef.org/Beyond-Organic-Pork/\">Tendergrass Farms\u003c/a>, near Roanoke, Va. It's an online marketer of meat and organic lard from a network of farmers. The farmers raise their pigs Chipotle-style: The animals get no antibiotics or growth-promoting drugs. They aren't confined inside buildings. In fact, most of them spend their whole life on pasture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren says it's not hard to persuade pork producers to adopt part of that package. They don't mind so much cutting out the drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are two technologies that many farmers cannot imagine giving up, and these are things that Chipotle does not allow: farrowing crates and slatted-floor housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrowing crates are small pens, measuring about 6 feet by 2 feet, where mother pigs, or sows, are confined for a period that starts just before farrowing, or giving birth. The sows stay in the crates for about three weeks while their piglets are nursing. These pens are different from \"gestation crates,\" which confine a sow during most of her adult life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The purpose [of farrowing crates] is to protect the baby pigs,\" says Maren. Metal walls keep sows from stepping on the piglets. This also means that the sows cannot move much or turn around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92222\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/ap090710048753_slide-6962e70a8b8da5b2c1a6bcc32b34d52696258fd1-e1421856825108.jpg\" alt=\"A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92222\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sow nurses her piglets in a farrowing crate in an Elite Pork Partnership hog confinement building in Carroll, Iowa, in 2009. Photo: Charlie Neibergall/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Slatted floors, meanwhile, are a basic feature of most standard hog houses. They allow farmers to raise lots of pigs indoors, out of the weather, and keep them clean. Manure drops down through the slats into collection pits. Critics say it is unnatural and inhumane to keep pigs inside on a hard, bare surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An industry source has confirmed Maren's guess. These two issues were the cause of Chipotle's pork problems this past week, after it discovered the supplier was using the methods the company bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maren is surprisingly conflicted about these rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though his farmers' methods meet — and actually exceed — Chipotle's standards, he says, he's not really sure that these rules make much sense for a large-scale buyer of pork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take farrowing crates, he says. Confining a sow looks inhumane, \"but the alternative is, if you put a picture right beside that of a farmer walking out of his alternative farrowing house with a five-gallon bucket full of dead baby pigs, you have to ask yourself, which is more humane?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or consider slatted-floor housing. It's true that this is not a natural environment for pigs, but it allows farmers to handle large numbers of pigs. What Chipotle wants — pigs living in \"deeply bedded pens\" that they can dig around in — takes a lot more work, space and bedding material, such as straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's all about scalability,\" Maren says. \"They can find a few hundred farmers to do that, and they have. Can they find a few thousand, or tens of thousands, to feed America? I think that's going to be challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chipotle's head of communication, Chris Arnold, says this has not been a problem so far. The current shortfall in pork was a one-time problem with a single supplier, he says. In general, he says, Chipotle has had little difficulty finding pork suppliers who are willing and able to follow its rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arnold would not identify the offending pork producer. He says the supplier may simply not have fully understood Chipotle's requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that these are good people who are trying to do the right thing, and if they bring their protocols into [compliance] with our standards, we'd certainly consider having them back as part of our supply network,\" Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That won't happen quickly, though. It would mean building another style of farrowing pens and new barns to house the pigs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92221/chipotles-pulled-pork-highlights-debate-over-sow-welfare","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92221"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_1807"],"tags":["bayareabites_11539","bayareabites_12575","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_14082","bayareabites_12211","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_11393","bayareabites_616","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92222","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_92064":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_92064","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"92064","score":null,"sort":[1421195205000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them","title":"GMO Potatoes Have Arrived. But Will Anyone Buy Them?","publishDate":1421195205,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-3_slide-9c5df7f5282662734d8012f4f2e0a5344f7e823e-e1421195007488.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-3_slide-9c5df7f5282662734d8012f4f2e0a5344f7e823e-e1421195007488.jpg\" alt=\"After a turn in the tumbling machine, these conventional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show signs of bruising. New GMO potatoes called Innate russet Burbanks have been bred not to bruise as easily as these. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92065\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a turn in the tumbling machine, these conventional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show signs of bruising. New GMO potatoes called Innate russet Burbanks have been bred not to bruise as easily as these. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150113_atc_gmo_potatoes_have_arrived_but_will_anyone_buy_them.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/13/376184710/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/13/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of it, the new potato varieties called \"Innate\" seem attractive. If you peel the brown skin off their white flesh, you won't find many unsightly black spots. And when you fry them, you'll probably get a much smaller dose of a potentially harmful chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the catch: Some of the biggest potato buyers in the country, such as Frito-Lay and McDonald's, seem afraid to touch these potatoes. Others don't even want to talk about them because they are genetically modified organisms, or GMOs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potatoes aren't yet on the market (more about that later). So to get a sneak peek at them I paid a visit to Michigan State University and its top potato breeder, \u003ca href=\"http://potatobg.css.msu.edu/douches.shtml\">David Douches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92066\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-4_slide-a16c15b64b829ba6b7e3c86e590181bc2bcb90ac-e1421195104540.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-4_slide-a16c15b64b829ba6b7e3c86e590181bc2bcb90ac-290x193.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-92066\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Douches is a lean and focused man, in constant motion. He's been working with potatoes for most of his adult life. It is, you might say, a committed but high-maintenance relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douches fell for the potato 32 years ago, when he was in graduate school. It seemed like \"a beautiful plant to work with,\" he says. It also feeds a lot of people. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://cipotato.org/\">International Potato Center\u003c/a>, the potato is the world's third-most-important food crop. \"I felt that when I work on something like this, it could have a large impact,\" Douches says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants to make the potato just a little bit better. Unfortunately, the potato resists improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons lie in the genetic nature of this crop. It's very difficult, using traditional breeding, to make gradual improvements in an established potato variety. Mating it with another variety produces tremendously varied offspring, the vast majority of them inferior to the variety that you were hoping to improve. It's like trying to improve a really good poker hand by reshuffling the whole deck of cards and dealing again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is why Douches is so excited about these new potatoes: They're just like a much-loved variety, but better. To demonstrate, he and his colleague Joseph Coombs are banging some potatoes around inside an ancient, rotating wooden drum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a bruise test. They're comparing two different varieties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first variety is russet Burbank, the most popular potato in America. It's been widely grown for more than a century. The other potatoes are almost identical to russet Burbank, but the J.R. Simplot Co. of Boise, Idaho, has inserted some extra genes into them in the laboratory. These potatoes are called \u003ca href=\"http://www.simplotplantsciences.com/\">Innate\u003c/a> russet Burbank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92067\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-1_enl-9de2a5c3dc7cdf87ec18282003b324a8b8b66a06-e1421195156667.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-1_enl-9de2a5c3dc7cdf87ec18282003b324a8b8b66a06-e1421195156667.jpg\" alt=\"Michigan State's researchers cooked up two batches of fries to compare bruising in traditional, non-GMO potatoes (left) and GMO potatoes (right). Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92067\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michigan State's researchers cooked up two batches of fries to compare bruising in traditional, non-GMO potatoes (left) and GMO potatoes (right). Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Simplot Co. chose the word \"innate\" because the new genes it inserted are actually modified versions of some genes that exist naturally in potatoes; they are innate to this species. But the inserted genes have a curious effect: They shut down a few of the potato's original, natural genes. Scientists call it gene silencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're about to see the results. We peel some potatoes that went through the bruising barrel yesterday and lay them out on a table. The traditional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show some evidence of bruising. Black spots are forming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We see few bruises, by contrast, on the Innate russet Burbank potatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another difference that we cannot see. If we fry these potatoes, the Innate russet Burbanks will have less than half as much of a worrisome chemical called acrylamide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of foods — coffee, for instance — contain acrylamide. But when lab rats eat it, they're more likely to get cancer. Studies have never shown a clear link between acrylamide consumption and cancer in humans, but the Food and Drug Administration still \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm374855.htm\">says\u003c/a> that it's a good idea to consume less of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For both these reasons — less bruising and less acrylamide — Haven Baker, general manager of Simplot Plant Sciences, thinks that consumers should be lining up to buy these new potatoes. \"The No. 1 consumer complaint [about potatoes] is black spot bruise,\" he says. \"You have to cut it out or, if it's bad enough, throw the potato away. It's a significant waste issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simplot Co. has created Innate versions of several different varieties, including one called Atlantic that's widely used to make potato chips. The U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/fedregister/BRS_20141110b.pdf\">approved\u003c/a> the new varieties in November. They are not on sale yet because Simplot is waiting for a green light from the FDA, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm352067.htm\">reviewing\u003c/a> scientific data — mostly provided by the company — on how genetic modification has altered the chemical makeup of the potato and whether any of those changes could raise safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even before they've gone on sale, some of the very biggest potato buyers seem to be backing away from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay, the biggest potato chip maker, and McDonald's have both issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.capitalpress.com/Business/20141113/mcdonalds-not-interested-in-gmo-potatoes\">statements\u003c/a> saying that they are not planning to use the Simplot potatoes in their products. An executive at another potato chip company told The Salt that his company does not plan to use those potatoes. He didn't even want to be quoted on the subject for fear that someone would mistakenly get the opposite impression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patty Lovera, assistant director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/\">Food and Water Watch\u003c/a>, an environmental advocacy group, says food companies should, in fact, react this way. \"When you ask consumers if they're comfortable with this technology, they are not,\" she says. Food and Water Watch has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://secure3.convio.net/fww/site/Advocacy?cmd=display&page=UserAction&id=801\">petition\u003c/a> calling on McDonald's to reject GMO potatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may not be anything wrong with these potatoes, Lovera says, but she does not think the government is regulating biotech crops carefully enough. \"I don't have some smoking gun to hand you [about] this danger or that danger,\" she says, \"but we don't think that the review that they've gone through can show us that they're safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other advocates for healthy food believe the Simplot potatoes offer real advantages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really strange how GMO has become a curse word,\" says Michael Jacobson, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cspinet.org/about/index.html\">Center for Science in the Public Interest\u003c/a>. Jacobson has been among the leaders of the healthful-food movement. For the past 40 years, he has fought excess sugar, fat, salt and food additives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But genetic modification? It's just another technology, he says, \"and if we could have genetically engineered crops and foods that produce safer products, and less expensive products, that's terrific!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA does need to examine these new potatoes, Jacobson says. But if they do deliver less cancer risk, and result in less food wasted, he hopes that people will buy them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New GMO potatoes don't bruise as easily, and, when fried, they have less of a potentially harmful chemical. Yet some big chip and french fry makers won't touch them because of the stigma of GMOs.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1421270473,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1215},"headData":{"title":"GMO Potatoes Have Arrived. But Will Anyone Buy Them? | KQED","description":"New GMO potatoes don't bruise as easily, and, when fried, they have less of a potentially harmful chemical. Yet some big chip and french fry makers won't touch them because of the stigma of GMOs.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"GMO Potatoes Have Arrived. But Will Anyone Buy Them?","datePublished":"2015-01-14T00:26:45.000Z","dateModified":"2015-01-14T21:21:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"92064 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=92064","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2015/01/13/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them/","disqusTitle":"GMO Potatoes Have Arrived. But Will Anyone Buy Them?","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"376184710","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=376184710&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/13/376184710/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them?ft=3&f=376184710","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 13 Jan 2015 18:45:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 13 Jan 2015 16:30:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 13 Jan 2015 18:31:35 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150113_atc_gmo_potatoes_have_arrived_but_will_anyone_buy_them.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=376184710","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1377024779-ff4a85.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=376184710","path":"/bayareabites/92064/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150113_atc_gmo_potatoes_have_arrived_but_will_anyone_buy_them.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92065\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-3_slide-9c5df7f5282662734d8012f4f2e0a5344f7e823e-e1421195007488.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-3_slide-9c5df7f5282662734d8012f4f2e0a5344f7e823e-e1421195007488.jpg\" alt=\"After a turn in the tumbling machine, these conventional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show signs of bruising. New GMO potatoes called Innate russet Burbanks have been bred not to bruise as easily as these. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92065\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a turn in the tumbling machine, these conventional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show signs of bruising. New GMO potatoes called Innate russet Burbanks have been bred not to bruise as easily as these. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2015/01/20150113_atc_gmo_potatoes_have_arrived_but_will_anyone_buy_them.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2015/01/13/376184710/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (1/13/15)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the face of it, the new potato varieties called \"Innate\" seem attractive. If you peel the brown skin off their white flesh, you won't find many unsightly black spots. And when you fry them, you'll probably get a much smaller dose of a potentially harmful chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the catch: Some of the biggest potato buyers in the country, such as Frito-Lay and McDonald's, seem afraid to touch these potatoes. Others don't even want to talk about them because they are genetically modified organisms, or GMOs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potatoes aren't yet on the market (more about that later). So to get a sneak peek at them I paid a visit to Michigan State University and its top potato breeder, \u003ca href=\"http://potatobg.css.msu.edu/douches.shtml\">David Douches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92066\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-4_slide-a16c15b64b829ba6b7e3c86e590181bc2bcb90ac-e1421195104540.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-4_slide-a16c15b64b829ba6b7e3c86e590181bc2bcb90ac-290x193.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-92066\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Douches is a lean and focused man, in constant motion. He's been working with potatoes for most of his adult life. It is, you might say, a committed but high-maintenance relationship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douches fell for the potato 32 years ago, when he was in graduate school. It seemed like \"a beautiful plant to work with,\" he says. It also feeds a lot of people. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://cipotato.org/\">International Potato Center\u003c/a>, the potato is the world's third-most-important food crop. \"I felt that when I work on something like this, it could have a large impact,\" Douches says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wants to make the potato just a little bit better. Unfortunately, the potato resists improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons lie in the genetic nature of this crop. It's very difficult, using traditional breeding, to make gradual improvements in an established potato variety. Mating it with another variety produces tremendously varied offspring, the vast majority of them inferior to the variety that you were hoping to improve. It's like trying to improve a really good poker hand by reshuffling the whole deck of cards and dealing again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is why Douches is so excited about these new potatoes: They're just like a much-loved variety, but better. To demonstrate, he and his colleague Joseph Coombs are banging some potatoes around inside an ancient, rotating wooden drum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a bruise test. They're comparing two different varieties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first variety is russet Burbank, the most popular potato in America. It's been widely grown for more than a century. The other potatoes are almost identical to russet Burbank, but the J.R. Simplot Co. of Boise, Idaho, has inserted some extra genes into them in the laboratory. These potatoes are called \u003ca href=\"http://www.simplotplantsciences.com/\">Innate\u003c/a> russet Burbank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_92067\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-1_enl-9de2a5c3dc7cdf87ec18282003b324a8b8b66a06-e1421195156667.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/01/potatoes-1_enl-9de2a5c3dc7cdf87ec18282003b324a8b8b66a06-e1421195156667.jpg\" alt=\"Michigan State's researchers cooked up two batches of fries to compare bruising in traditional, non-GMO potatoes (left) and GMO potatoes (right). Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-92067\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michigan State's researchers cooked up two batches of fries to compare bruising in traditional, non-GMO potatoes (left) and GMO potatoes (right). Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Simplot Co. chose the word \"innate\" because the new genes it inserted are actually modified versions of some genes that exist naturally in potatoes; they are innate to this species. But the inserted genes have a curious effect: They shut down a few of the potato's original, natural genes. Scientists call it gene silencing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're about to see the results. We peel some potatoes that went through the bruising barrel yesterday and lay them out on a table. The traditional russet Burbank potatoes are starting to show some evidence of bruising. Black spots are forming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We see few bruises, by contrast, on the Innate russet Burbank potatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's another difference that we cannot see. If we fry these potatoes, the Innate russet Burbanks will have less than half as much of a worrisome chemical called acrylamide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of foods — coffee, for instance — contain acrylamide. But when lab rats eat it, they're more likely to get cancer. Studies have never shown a clear link between acrylamide consumption and cancer in humans, but the Food and Drug Administration still \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm374855.htm\">says\u003c/a> that it's a good idea to consume less of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For both these reasons — less bruising and less acrylamide — Haven Baker, general manager of Simplot Plant Sciences, thinks that consumers should be lining up to buy these new potatoes. \"The No. 1 consumer complaint [about potatoes] is black spot bruise,\" he says. \"You have to cut it out or, if it's bad enough, throw the potato away. It's a significant waste issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Simplot Co. has created Innate versions of several different varieties, including one called Atlantic that's widely used to make potato chips. The U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/fedregister/BRS_20141110b.pdf\">approved\u003c/a> the new varieties in November. They are not on sale yet because Simplot is waiting for a green light from the FDA, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm352067.htm\">reviewing\u003c/a> scientific data — mostly provided by the company — on how genetic modification has altered the chemical makeup of the potato and whether any of those changes could raise safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even before they've gone on sale, some of the very biggest potato buyers seem to be backing away from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay, the biggest potato chip maker, and McDonald's have both issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.capitalpress.com/Business/20141113/mcdonalds-not-interested-in-gmo-potatoes\">statements\u003c/a> saying that they are not planning to use the Simplot potatoes in their products. An executive at another potato chip company told The Salt that his company does not plan to use those potatoes. He didn't even want to be quoted on the subject for fear that someone would mistakenly get the opposite impression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patty Lovera, assistant director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/\">Food and Water Watch\u003c/a>, an environmental advocacy group, says food companies should, in fact, react this way. \"When you ask consumers if they're comfortable with this technology, they are not,\" she says. Food and Water Watch has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://secure3.convio.net/fww/site/Advocacy?cmd=display&page=UserAction&id=801\">petition\u003c/a> calling on McDonald's to reject GMO potatoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may not be anything wrong with these potatoes, Lovera says, but she does not think the government is regulating biotech crops carefully enough. \"I don't have some smoking gun to hand you [about] this danger or that danger,\" she says, \"but we don't think that the review that they've gone through can show us that they're safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other advocates for healthy food believe the Simplot potatoes offer real advantages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really strange how GMO has become a curse word,\" says Michael Jacobson, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cspinet.org/about/index.html\">Center for Science in the Public Interest\u003c/a>. Jacobson has been among the leaders of the healthful-food movement. For the past 40 years, he has fought excess sugar, fat, salt and food additives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But genetic modification? It's just another technology, he says, \"and if we could have genetically engineered crops and foods that produce safer products, and less expensive products, that's terrific!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA does need to examine these new potatoes, Jacobson says. But if they do deliver less cancer risk, and result in less food wasted, he hopes that people will buy them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2015 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/92064/gmo-potatoes-have-arrived-but-will-anyone-buy-them","authors":["byline_bayareabites_92064"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_358"],"tags":["bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_14065","bayareabites_10207","bayareabites_10771","bayareabites_10787","bayareabites_300","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_92065","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_91685":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_91685","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"91685","score":null,"sort":[1419897605000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry","title":"How California's New Rules Are Scrambling The Egg Industry","publishDate":1419897605,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/enriched-cage_custom-d0bd8668df5a4ff7e1d06e2d462ee7e0310f571b-e1419897443870.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/enriched-cage_custom-d0bd8668df5a4ff7e1d06e2d462ee7e0310f571b-e1419897443870.jpg\" alt=\"These "enriched cages" at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., comply with the state's new law. They are larger and allow chickens to perch and lay eggs in enclosed spaces. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"641\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91686\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These \"enriched cages\" at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., comply with the state's new law. They are larger and allow chickens to perch and lay eggs in enclosed spaces. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/12/20141229_atc_how_californias_new_egg_rules_are_shaking_up_the_egg_industry.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/29/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within just a few days, on Jan. 1, all eggs sold in California will have to come from chickens that live in more spacious quarters — almost twice as spacious, in fact, as the cages that have been the industry standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a shock to the egg industry, and to grocery stores. Eggs are one of those staples that any self-respecting grocery retailers absolutely, positively has to keep in stock. \"You have to have bread, milk, lettuce. You have to have eggs,\" says Ronald Fong, the president and CEO of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cagrocers.com/\">California Grocers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, right now, California's grocers are doing whatever it takes to get their hands on eggs that are stamped with with a new, almost incomprehensible label: CA SEFS Compliant, which stands for California Shell Egg Food Safety Compliant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That stamp means that those eggs comply with a new regulation, the result of a voter initiative that passed with over 60 percent of the vote in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 2, as it's called, required eggs in California to come from chickens that have enough room to fully extend their limbs and turn around freely. It was a direct challenge to the egg industry, because most egg-laying chickens can't do that in standard hen houses where they live in small cages, five or ten birds to a cage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials had to figure out how to translate Prop. 2's requirement into specific regulations. California's state veterinarian, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/exec/public_affairs/cdfaexecstaffbios.html\">Dr. Annette Jones\u003c/a>, turned to animal welfare experts at the University of California, Davis. \"We actually did hire some scientists at UC Davis to do a study for us, to kind of give us their feel, based on some field trials that they did, of how much space\" the law required, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, they decided that each chicken is legally entitled to at least 116 square inches of floor space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, as of January 1, most egg producers in the U.S. cannot sell eggs in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Egg producers have responded in several ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/img_5767_custom-00ee09e63229e2104bed0c2d9e1f9011db4e9049-e1419897523733.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/img_5767_custom-00ee09e63229e2104bed0c2d9e1f9011db4e9049-e1419897523733.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range chicken houses allow chickens to move around freely, but critics say birds are more frequently injured than in cages. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91687\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range chicken houses allow chickens to move around freely, but critics say birds are more frequently injured than in cages. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some have tried to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/03/07/286811197/poultry-farmers-to-fight-back-on-california-cage-free-egg-law\">challenge\u003c/a> the California rules in court. So far, that's failed. Jones says that other egg producers have built new hen houses - either \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/06/27/195639341/what-the-rise-of-cage-free-eggs-means-for-chickens\">free-range\u003c/a> houses, where chickens can walk around on the floor, or houses with larger \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/01/26/145900751/ex-foes-stage-coop-detat-for-egg-laying-chickens\">enriched cages\u003c/a>\" with perches and enclosed hutches where chickens can lay their eggs. \"In general, poultry farmers are trying to move in that direction, to provide more space and the ability for their hens to exhibit more natural behaviors,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But building new barns takes time and costs a lot of money. Ronald Fong, from the California Grocers Association, says most egg producers so far have taken a simpler, cheaper route. \"They are complying with the new standards by reducing the flock size,\" he says. They've kept their cages for now, but they've cut the number of birds in each cage in half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means, of course, fewer chickens in each house and fewer eggs delivered to supermarkets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the egg industry say that this is one reason why the egg industry in California has gone into a sharp decline. According to government \u003ca href=\"http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1028\">statistics\u003c/a>, the number of egg-laying chickens in California has fallen by 23 percent over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rest of the country, though, egg production is expanding, and egg brokers who supply the California market have been ringing up egg producers all across the country, offering high prices for eggs that meet California's new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong says they're succeeding in lining up enough supplies. \"It is going to be business as usual come January 1,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's consumers, though, will pay. \"We can confirm that egg prices have gone up at least 35 percent. Some have reported going up 70 percent,\" Fong says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation may be more extreme in California, but egg prices are soaring in lots of places. Much of the increase is due simply to increased demand. People are just eating more eggs. In addition, Mexico is buying more U.S. eggs because disease in Mexico's chicken flocks has cut its domestic production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prices so high, more egg producers are likely to expand, building new hen houses. And because of California's law, those houses are more likely to give chickens more room to spread their wings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"On Jan. 1, all eggs sold in California will have to come from chickens living in more spacious digs. The rules have disrupted the egg industry, and pushed prices up at grocery stores in California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1419897605,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":833},"headData":{"title":"How California's New Rules Are Scrambling The Egg Industry | KQED","description":"On Jan. 1, all eggs sold in California will have to come from chickens living in more spacious digs. The rules have disrupted the egg industry, and pushed prices up at grocery stores in California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How California's New Rules Are Scrambling The Egg Industry","datePublished":"2014-12-30T00:00:05.000Z","dateModified":"2014-12-30T00:00:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"91685 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=91685","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/12/29/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry/","disqusTitle":"How California's New Rules Are Scrambling The Egg Industry","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"373802858","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=373802858&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry?ft=3&f=373802858","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 29 Dec 2014 18:38:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 29 Dec 2014 18:07:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 29 Dec 2014 18:38:23 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/12/20141229_atc_how_californias_new_egg_rules_are_shaking_up_the_egg_industry.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=373802858","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1373835171-9de664.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=373802858","path":"/bayareabites/91685/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/12/20141229_atc_how_californias_new_egg_rules_are_shaking_up_the_egg_industry.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/enriched-cage_custom-d0bd8668df5a4ff7e1d06e2d462ee7e0310f571b-e1419897443870.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/enriched-cage_custom-d0bd8668df5a4ff7e1d06e2d462ee7e0310f571b-e1419897443870.jpg\" alt=\"These "enriched cages" at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., comply with the state's new law. They are larger and allow chickens to perch and lay eggs in enclosed spaces. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"641\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91686\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These \"enriched cages\" at the JS West farm in Atwater, Calif., comply with the state's new law. They are larger and allow chickens to perch and lay eggs in enclosed spaces. Photo: Jill Benson/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Listen to the Story on All Things Considered:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/12/20141229_atc_how_californias_new_egg_rules_are_shaking_up_the_egg_industry.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/29/373802858/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/29/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within just a few days, on Jan. 1, all eggs sold in California will have to come from chickens that live in more spacious quarters — almost twice as spacious, in fact, as the cages that have been the industry standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been a shock to the egg industry, and to grocery stores. Eggs are one of those staples that any self-respecting grocery retailers absolutely, positively has to keep in stock. \"You have to have bread, milk, lettuce. You have to have eggs,\" says Ronald Fong, the president and CEO of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cagrocers.com/\">California Grocers Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why, right now, California's grocers are doing whatever it takes to get their hands on eggs that are stamped with with a new, almost incomprehensible label: CA SEFS Compliant, which stands for California Shell Egg Food Safety Compliant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That stamp means that those eggs comply with a new regulation, the result of a voter initiative that passed with over 60 percent of the vote in 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 2, as it's called, required eggs in California to come from chickens that have enough room to fully extend their limbs and turn around freely. It was a direct challenge to the egg industry, because most egg-laying chickens can't do that in standard hen houses where they live in small cages, five or ten birds to a cage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials had to figure out how to translate Prop. 2's requirement into specific regulations. California's state veterinarian, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/exec/public_affairs/cdfaexecstaffbios.html\">Dr. Annette Jones\u003c/a>, turned to animal welfare experts at the University of California, Davis. \"We actually did hire some scientists at UC Davis to do a study for us, to kind of give us their feel, based on some field trials that they did, of how much space\" the law required, Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, they decided that each chicken is legally entitled to at least 116 square inches of floor space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, as of January 1, most egg producers in the U.S. cannot sell eggs in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Egg producers have responded in several ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/img_5767_custom-00ee09e63229e2104bed0c2d9e1f9011db4e9049-e1419897523733.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/img_5767_custom-00ee09e63229e2104bed0c2d9e1f9011db4e9049-e1419897523733.jpg\" alt=\"Free-range chicken houses allow chickens to move around freely, but critics say birds are more frequently injured than in cages. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91687\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free-range chicken houses allow chickens to move around freely, but critics say birds are more frequently injured than in cages. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some have tried to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/03/07/286811197/poultry-farmers-to-fight-back-on-california-cage-free-egg-law\">challenge\u003c/a> the California rules in court. So far, that's failed. Jones says that other egg producers have built new hen houses - either \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/06/27/195639341/what-the-rise-of-cage-free-eggs-means-for-chickens\">free-range\u003c/a> houses, where chickens can walk around on the floor, or houses with larger \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/01/26/145900751/ex-foes-stage-coop-detat-for-egg-laying-chickens\">enriched cages\u003c/a>\" with perches and enclosed hutches where chickens can lay their eggs. \"In general, poultry farmers are trying to move in that direction, to provide more space and the ability for their hens to exhibit more natural behaviors,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But building new barns takes time and costs a lot of money. Ronald Fong, from the California Grocers Association, says most egg producers so far have taken a simpler, cheaper route. \"They are complying with the new standards by reducing the flock size,\" he says. They've kept their cages for now, but they've cut the number of birds in each cage in half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means, of course, fewer chickens in each house and fewer eggs delivered to supermarkets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People in the egg industry say that this is one reason why the egg industry in California has gone into a sharp decline. According to government \u003ca href=\"http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1028\">statistics\u003c/a>, the number of egg-laying chickens in California has fallen by 23 percent over the past two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rest of the country, though, egg production is expanding, and egg brokers who supply the California market have been ringing up egg producers all across the country, offering high prices for eggs that meet California's new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong says they're succeeding in lining up enough supplies. \"It is going to be business as usual come January 1,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's consumers, though, will pay. \"We can confirm that egg prices have gone up at least 35 percent. Some have reported going up 70 percent,\" Fong says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation may be more extreme in California, but egg prices are soaring in lots of places. Much of the increase is due simply to increased demand. People are just eating more eggs. In addition, Mexico is buying more U.S. eggs because disease in Mexico's chicken flocks has cut its domestic production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prices so high, more egg producers are likely to expand, building new hen houses. And because of California's law, those houses are more likely to give chickens more room to spread their wings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/91685/how-californias-new-rules-are-scrambling-the-egg-industry","authors":["byline_bayareabites_91685"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_9887","bayareabites_14036","bayareabites_250","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_91686","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_91545":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_91545","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"91545","score":null,"sort":[1419625220000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk","title":"Inside The Indiana Megadairy Making Coca-Cola's New Milk","publishDate":1419625220,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-1_enl-b7101bd19b7d9893f7413fd78231894ff31b18f9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-1_enl-b7101bd19b7d9893f7413fd78231894ff31b18f9.jpg\" alt=\"Cows rotate in the milking parlor at Fair Oaks Farms, a large-scale dairy and tourist attraction, near Rensselaer, Ind. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91546\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cows rotate in the milking parlor at Fair Oaks Farms, a large-scale dairy and tourist attraction, near Rensselaer, Ind. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Listen to the Story on Morning Edition:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/12/20141225_me_inside_the_indiana_megadairy_making_coca-colas_new_milk.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/25/372664332/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/25/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coca-Cola got a lot of attention in November when it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/11/26/366851927/coca-cola-wades-into-milk-business-with-fairlife\">announced\u003c/a> that it was going into the milk business. Not just any milk, mind you: nutritious, reformulated supermilk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also invited ridicule. \"It's like they got Frankenstein to lactate,\" \u003ca href=\"http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/ziipwv/thought-for-food---fairlife-milk---pizza-hut-s-subconscious-menu\">scoffed\u003c/a> Stephen Colbert on his show. \"If this product doesn't work out, they can always re-introduce Milk Classic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the idea for New Milk didn't come from Coca-Cola at all. It emerged from a huge, high-tech dairy farm in Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/fairlife-1_enl-41c8de46f0b3eea1f619637b8787205bbd919e58-e1419624869530.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/fairlife-1_enl-41c8de46f0b3eea1f619637b8787205bbd919e58-e1419624869530.jpg\" alt=\"Fairlife milk, shown here on sale in Minneapolis, Minn., in April, is a partnership between Coca-Cola and Select Milk Producers, a dairy cooperative that owns Fair Oaks Farms. Photo: Courtesy of Alice Seuffert \" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91547\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fairlife milk, shown here on sale in Minneapolis, Minn., in April, is a partnership between Coca-Cola and Select Milk Producers, a dairy cooperative that owns Fair Oaks Farms. Photo: Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://diningwithalice.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Alice Seuffert\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That dairy, called \u003ca href=\"http://fofarms.com/\">Fair Oaks Farms\u003c/a>, doubles as America's one and only dairy theme park, a bit of Americana that interrupts a monotonous stretch of Interstate 65 between Chicago and Indianapolis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grabs the attention of drivers with a series of tank trucks parked broadside like billboards in fields beside the highway. Painted on the tanks are cryptic messages: \"We Dairy You To Exit 200.\" Then: \"We Double Dairy You.\" The final tank truck has two huge fiberglass cows mounted on top of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pitch may be goofy, but the farm is serious business. It's one of the biggest and most sophisticated dairies in the country, and it is home to 37,000 cows, divided among 11 different milking operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-2_enl-b1246a12d0f4892c1588d908bb44c125ff4cccb7-e1419624883437.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-2_enl-b1246a12d0f4892c1588d908bb44c125ff4cccb7-e1419624883437.jpg\" alt=\"The amphitheater where visitors can watch cows give birth. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91548\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The amphitheater where visitors can watch cows give birth. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The visitors center offers a cheerful picture of milk production. The most startling touch: a small amphitheater where visitors can watch, through a floor-to-ceiling glass wall, as cows give birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then it's off to the working part of the farm aboard a small bus. The bus rolls right down the middle of a barn that's almost 500 yards long, past about 1,000 cows that are eating, standing around, and lying in stalls on beds of sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also a stop at the \"milking parlor,\" where visitors watch from a balcony as cows, one by one, step onto an enormous rotating turntable to be milked. Sensors identify each cow, and computers record how much milk she's producing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Take a look! They're calm, cool and collected, exactly the way the farmers want them to be,\" says my tour guide, Terry Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the frontier of dairying. In fact, the people who run this place are so ambitious, they're ready to change milk itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coca-Cola is now a partner in this venture, but the idea began years ago, when two of the founders of Fair Oaks, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31R7V4-Cr5w\">Mike and Sue McCloskey\u003c/a>, were running a big dairy operation in New Mexico. They ran into a problem with bad water, and had to buy some expensive membranes to filter out impurities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91549\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/sue_enl-562a66e2e24af44e54e993313cc014de090eb40a-e1419624896456.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/sue_enl-562a66e2e24af44e54e993313cc014de090eb40a-290x193.jpg\" alt=\"Sue McCloskey co-founded Fair Oaks Farms with her husband, Mike. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-91549\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sue McCloskey co-founded Fair Oaks Farms with her husband, Mike. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sue McCloskey says they started thinking about what those filters might accomplish with milk: \"Is there something else we can do with this milk that will give it a premium value that we're not thinking about?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They realized that the filters could separate raw milk into its different parts, such as protein, lactose, minerals and water. Perhaps they could put those parts back together in different proportions, altering milk's time-honored recipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember sitting down with Mike, and we were talking about this,\" McCloskey says. \"And I told him, 'Listen, if you could make a milk for me, as a woman, where I could get all of my calcium and a bunch of my protein in one glass or serving — holy mackerel, that would be the most awesome thing!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They did, in fact, create a kind of milk with extra protein and calcium but no lactose. The H-E-B supermarket chain in Texas sells it as \u003ca href=\"http://www.heb.com/page/healthy-primo-picks/heb-mooptopia\">Mootopia\u003c/a>. It tastes like a slightly thicker, richer version of milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the idea is going national, propelled by the immense marketing and logistical muscle of Coca-Cola. The beverage giant has joined forces with Fair Oaks Farms and Select Milk Producers, the cooperative that the McCloskeys founded in 1994. They created a venture called \u003ca href=\"http://fairlife.com/\">Fairlife\u003c/a> to produce a new line of milk-derived beverages. The first product, which is similar to Mootopia, will arrive in the dairy sections of supermarkets in January. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Coca-Cola got a lot of attention in November when it announced it was going into the milk business. In fact, its extra-nutritious milk product was invented by some dairy farmers in Indiana.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1419625220,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":803},"headData":{"title":"Inside The Indiana Megadairy Making Coca-Cola's New Milk | KQED","description":"Coca-Cola got a lot of attention in November when it announced it was going into the milk business. In fact, its extra-nutritious milk product was invented by some dairy farmers in Indiana.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Inside The Indiana Megadairy Making Coca-Cola's New Milk","datePublished":"2014-12-26T20:20:20.000Z","dateModified":"2014-12-26T20:20:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"91545 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=91545","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/12/26/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk/","disqusTitle":"Inside The Indiana Megadairy Making Coca-Cola's New Milk","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"372664332","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=372664332&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/25/372664332/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk?ft=3&f=372664332","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Fri, 26 Dec 2014 11:49:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 25 Dec 2014 03:27:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Fri, 26 Dec 2014 11:49:59 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/12/20141225_me_inside_the_indiana_megadairy_making_coca-colas_new_milk.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=372664332","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1373038473-1b0232.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=372664332","path":"/bayareabites/91545/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/12/20141225_me_inside_the_indiana_megadairy_making_coca-colas_new_milk.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-1_enl-b7101bd19b7d9893f7413fd78231894ff31b18f9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-1_enl-b7101bd19b7d9893f7413fd78231894ff31b18f9.jpg\" alt=\"Cows rotate in the milking parlor at Fair Oaks Farms, a large-scale dairy and tourist attraction, near Rensselaer, Ind. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91546\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cows rotate in the milking parlor at Fair Oaks Farms, a large-scale dairy and tourist attraction, near Rensselaer, Ind. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Listen to the Story on Morning Edition:\u003cbr>\nhttp://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2014/12/20141225_me_inside_the_indiana_megadairy_making_coca-colas_new_milk.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/12/25/372664332/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (12/25/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coca-Cola got a lot of attention in November when it \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/11/26/366851927/coca-cola-wades-into-milk-business-with-fairlife\">announced\u003c/a> that it was going into the milk business. Not just any milk, mind you: nutritious, reformulated supermilk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also invited ridicule. \"It's like they got Frankenstein to lactate,\" \u003ca href=\"http://thecolbertreport.cc.com/videos/ziipwv/thought-for-food---fairlife-milk---pizza-hut-s-subconscious-menu\">scoffed\u003c/a> Stephen Colbert on his show. \"If this product doesn't work out, they can always re-introduce Milk Classic.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the idea for New Milk didn't come from Coca-Cola at all. It emerged from a huge, high-tech dairy farm in Indiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/fairlife-1_enl-41c8de46f0b3eea1f619637b8787205bbd919e58-e1419624869530.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/fairlife-1_enl-41c8de46f0b3eea1f619637b8787205bbd919e58-e1419624869530.jpg\" alt=\"Fairlife milk, shown here on sale in Minneapolis, Minn., in April, is a partnership between Coca-Cola and Select Milk Producers, a dairy cooperative that owns Fair Oaks Farms. Photo: Courtesy of Alice Seuffert \" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91547\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fairlife milk, shown here on sale in Minneapolis, Minn., in April, is a partnership between Coca-Cola and Select Milk Producers, a dairy cooperative that owns Fair Oaks Farms. Photo: Courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://diningwithalice.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Alice Seuffert\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That dairy, called \u003ca href=\"http://fofarms.com/\">Fair Oaks Farms\u003c/a>, doubles as America's one and only dairy theme park, a bit of Americana that interrupts a monotonous stretch of Interstate 65 between Chicago and Indianapolis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It grabs the attention of drivers with a series of tank trucks parked broadside like billboards in fields beside the highway. Painted on the tanks are cryptic messages: \"We Dairy You To Exit 200.\" Then: \"We Double Dairy You.\" The final tank truck has two huge fiberglass cows mounted on top of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pitch may be goofy, but the farm is serious business. It's one of the biggest and most sophisticated dairies in the country, and it is home to 37,000 cows, divided among 11 different milking operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91548\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-2_enl-b1246a12d0f4892c1588d908bb44c125ff4cccb7-e1419624883437.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/dairyland-2_enl-b1246a12d0f4892c1588d908bb44c125ff4cccb7-e1419624883437.jpg\" alt=\"The amphitheater where visitors can watch cows give birth. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-91548\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The amphitheater where visitors can watch cows give birth. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The visitors center offers a cheerful picture of milk production. The most startling touch: a small amphitheater where visitors can watch, through a floor-to-ceiling glass wall, as cows give birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then it's off to the working part of the farm aboard a small bus. The bus rolls right down the middle of a barn that's almost 500 yards long, past about 1,000 cows that are eating, standing around, and lying in stalls on beds of sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's also a stop at the \"milking parlor,\" where visitors watch from a balcony as cows, one by one, step onto an enormous rotating turntable to be milked. Sensors identify each cow, and computers record how much milk she's producing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Take a look! They're calm, cool and collected, exactly the way the farmers want them to be,\" says my tour guide, Terry Tracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the frontier of dairying. In fact, the people who run this place are so ambitious, they're ready to change milk itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coca-Cola is now a partner in this venture, but the idea began years ago, when two of the founders of Fair Oaks, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31R7V4-Cr5w\">Mike and Sue McCloskey\u003c/a>, were running a big dairy operation in New Mexico. They ran into a problem with bad water, and had to buy some expensive membranes to filter out impurities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_91549\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 290px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/sue_enl-562a66e2e24af44e54e993313cc014de090eb40a-e1419624896456.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/12/sue_enl-562a66e2e24af44e54e993313cc014de090eb40a-290x193.jpg\" alt=\"Sue McCloskey co-founded Fair Oaks Farms with her husband, Mike. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR \" width=\"290\" height=\"193\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-91549\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sue McCloskey co-founded Fair Oaks Farms with her husband, Mike. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sue McCloskey says they started thinking about what those filters might accomplish with milk: \"Is there something else we can do with this milk that will give it a premium value that we're not thinking about?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They realized that the filters could separate raw milk into its different parts, such as protein, lactose, minerals and water. Perhaps they could put those parts back together in different proportions, altering milk's time-honored recipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I remember sitting down with Mike, and we were talking about this,\" McCloskey says. \"And I told him, 'Listen, if you could make a milk for me, as a woman, where I could get all of my calcium and a bunch of my protein in one glass or serving — holy mackerel, that would be the most awesome thing!' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They did, in fact, create a kind of milk with extra protein and calcium but no lactose. The H-E-B supermarket chain in Texas sells it as \u003ca href=\"http://www.heb.com/page/healthy-primo-picks/heb-mooptopia\">Mootopia\u003c/a>. It tastes like a slightly thicker, richer version of milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the idea is going national, propelled by the immense marketing and logistical muscle of Coca-Cola. The beverage giant has joined forces with Fair Oaks Farms and Select Milk Producers, the cooperative that the McCloskeys founded in 1994. They created a venture called \u003ca href=\"http://fairlife.com/\">Fairlife\u003c/a> to produce a new line of milk-derived beverages. The first product, which is similar to Mootopia, will arrive in the dairy sections of supermarkets in January. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/91545/inside-the-indiana-megadairy-making-coca-colas-new-milk","authors":["byline_bayareabites_91545"],"categories":["bayareabites_13306","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_11107","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_1621","bayareabites_14035"],"featImg":"bayareabites_91546","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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